Annotated Bibliography

Jason Grant
Linguistics317

Spanglish:The Making Of A New American Language

Stavans, IIan. Harpers Collins Publishers Inc., New York, Ny. 2003

This reference supports my argument for the increased tolerance of bilingualism in

America. It showcases the melding of languages which has composed much of American english.
Stavans provides a timeline of sorts of the induction of Spanish speaking Americans speaking
english as a second language. The book then takes a semi-humorous turn providing a dictionary
handbook of spanish-English (Spanglish) words used frequently. Most importnatly this source
provides his own bibliography, and insight into his inspiration for writing the book.

Tongue Tied: The lives Of Multilingual Children In Public Education

Santa Ana, Otto. Rowman &Littlefield Publishers Inc., New York. 2004

This source provides childrens and even the editors accounts of childhood struggles
growing up unable to express their feelings, or even simple daily words, in their native language.
It highlights the unspoken distaste for foreign language in public that America seems to have
despite the right to free speech, and the fact that America is a melting pot of other nations, and
numerous languages, and has become an ever evolving language for that reason.Santa Ana is a
credible source purely for his own ESL experiences.

Mirror Of Language: The Debate On Bilingualism.

Hakuta, Kenji. Basic Books, New York. 1986

Hakutas book outlines the possible social and economic issues of monolingualism at the
time, and possible security and intellegence problems that could arrise from not having bilingual
members of society (cold war era). He also adresses parents concerns with speaking more than
one language at home, and other parents inquiries if a second language should be leaned by
their child at a young age. The book later goes into the functions and capabilities of the bilingual
mind. Hakuto makes an excellent source as a Yale profesor (at time of publishing), and published
author who's first words were not American English.