EXAME NACIONAL DO ENSINO MÉDIO
ESSA É A COR DO SEU CADERNO DE PROVAS!
MARQUE-A EM SEU CARTÃO-RESPOSTA
PROVA DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS
PROVA DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS
LEIA ATENTAMENTE AS INSTRUÇÕES SEGUINTES
1 Este CADERNO DE QUESTÕES contém 90 questões numeradas de 1 a 90,
dispostas da seguinte maneira:
a. as questões de número 1 a 45 são relativas à área de
Ciências Humanas e suas Tecnologias;
b. as questões de número 46 a 90 são relativas à área de
Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias.
2 Marque no CARTÃO-RESPOSTA, no espaço apropriado, a opção
correspondente à cor desta capa: 1-Azul; 2-Amarela; 3-Branca ou 4-Rosa.
ATENÇÃO: se você assinalar mais de uma opção de cor ou deixar todos os
campos em branco, sua prova não será corrigida.
3 Verifique, no CARTÃO-RESPOSTA, se os seus dados estão registrados
corretamente. Caso haja alguma divergência, comunique-a imediatamente
ao aplicador da sala.
4 Após a conferência, escreva e assine seu nome nos espaços próprios do
CARTÃO-RESPOSTA com caneta esferográfica de tinta preta.
5 Não dobre, não amasse, nem rasure o CARTÃO-RESPOSTA. Ele não poderá
ser substituído.
6 Para cada uma das questões objetivas, são apresentadas 5 opções,
identificadas com as letras A , B , C , D e E . Apenas uma responde
corretamente à questão.
7 No CARTÃO-RESPOSTA, marque, para cada questão, a letra correspondente à
opção escolhida para a resposta, preenchendo todo o espaço compreendido
no círculo, com caneta esferográfica de tinta preta. Você deve, portanto,
assinalar apenas uma opção em cada questão. A marcação em mais de uma
opção anula a questão, mesmo que uma das respostas esteja correta.
1º DIA
CADERNO
2
AMARELO
2010
8 O tempo disponível para estas provas é de quatro horas e trinta
minutos.
9 Reserve os 30 minutos finais para marcar seu CARTÃO-RESPOSTA. Os
rascunhos e as marcações assinaladas no CADERNO DE QUESTÕES não
serão considerados na avaliação.
10 Quando terminar as provas, entregue ao aplicador este CADERNO DE
QUESTÕES e o CARTÃO-RESPOSTA.
11 Você somente poderá deixar o local de prova após decorridas duas horas
do início da sua aplicação. Caso permaneça na sala por, no mínimo,
quatro horas após o início da prova, você poderá levar este CADERNO DE
QUESTÕES.
12 Você será excluído do exame caso:
a. utilize, durante a realização da prova, máquinas e/ou
relógios de calcular, bem como rádios, gravadores,
headphones, telefones celulares ou fontes de consulta de
qualquer espécie;
b. se ausente da sala de provas levando consigo o
CADERNO DE QUESTÕES e/ou o CARTÃO-RESPOSTA antes
do prazo estabelecido;
c. aja com incorreção ou descortesia para com qualquer
participante do processo de aplicação das provas;
d. se comunique com outro participante, verbalmente, por
escrito ou por qualquer outra forma;
e. apresente dado(s) falso(s) na sua identificação pessoal.

CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS
Questões de 1 a 45
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CH - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 5


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$LQGDDFROKHLWDGDVODYRXUDVHRWUDQVSRUWHGRVUHVWRV
GLUHWRV FRPR D UHGXomR GH SURGXomR GD ODYRXUD
6RORV FRP SURFHVVR GH VDOLQL]DomR DYDQoDGR QmR VmR
LQGLFDGRV SRU H[HPSOR SDUD R FXOWLYR GH DUUR]  $V
SODQWDV UHWLUDP D iJXD GR VROR TXDQGR DV IRUoDV GH
HPEHELomR GRV WHFLGRV GDV UDt]HV  VmR VXSHULRUHV jV
IRUoDVFRPTXHDiJXDpUHWLGDQRVROR
:,1.(/+/76&+,('(/0Cultura do arroz: salinização de solos em cultivos de arroz
'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSDJURSDJHWULSRGFRPVDOLQL]DKPO$FHVVRHPMXQDGDSWDGR
DOLPHQWDUHV SDUD RV OL[}HV GLPLQXHP D GLVSRQLELOLGDGH
GRV tRQV QR VROR 7DLV IDWRUHV WrP DPHDoDGR D
VXVWHQWDELOLGDGHGHVVHtRQ $ SUHVHQoD GH VDLV  QD VROXomR GR VROR ID] FRP TXH
VHMD GL¿FXOWDGD D DEVRUomR GH iJXD SHODV SODQWDV R
8PDPHGLGDTXHDPHQL]DULDHVVHSUREOHPDVHULD TXHSURYRFDRIHQ{PHQRFRQKHFLGRSRUVHFD¿VLROyJLFD
 ,QFHQWLYDU D UHFLFODJHP GH UHVtGXRV ELROyJLFRV
XWLOL]DQGRGHMHWRVDQLPDLVHUHVWRVGHFXOWXUDVSDUD
SURGXomRGHDGXER
 5HSRU R HVWRTXH UHWLUDGR GDV PLQDV FRP XP tRQ
VLQWpWLFRGHIyVIRURSDUDJDUDQWLURDEDVWHFLPHQWRGD
LQG~VWULDGHIHUWLOL]DQWHV
 $XPHQWDU D LPSRUWDomR GH tRQV IRVIDWR GRV SDtVHV
ULFRV SDUD VXSULU DV H[LJrQFLDV GDV LQG~VWULDV
QDFLRQDLVGHIHUWLOL]DQWHV
 6XEVWLWXLU R IyVIRUR GRV IHUWLOL]DQWHV SRU RXWUR
HOHPHQWR FRP D PHVPD IXQomR SDUD VXSULU DV
QHFHVVLGDGHVGRXVRGHVHXVtRQV
 3URLELUSRUPHLRGHOHLIHGHUDORXVRGHIHUWLOL]DQWHV
FRP IyVIRUR SHORV DJULFXOWRUHV SDUD GLPLQXLU VXD
H[WUDomRGDVUHVHUYDVQDWXUDLV
Questão 55
2 WH[WR ³2 Y{R GDV )ROKDV´ WUD] XPD YLVmR GRV tQGLRV
7LFXQDV SDUD XP IHQ{PHQR XVXDOPHQWH REVHUYDGR QD
QDWXUH]D $V FLGDGHV LQGXVWULDOL]DGDV SURGX]HP JUDQGHV
O vôo das Folhas
Com o vento
DVIROKDVVHPRYLPHQWDP
(TXDQGRFDHPQRFKmR
¿FDPSDUDGDVHPVLOrQFLR
$VVLP VH IRUPD R ngaura 2 ngaura FREUH R FKmR GD
ÀRUHVWDHQULTXHFHDWHUUDHDOLPHQWDDViUYRUHV@
$VIROKDVYHOKDVPRUUHPSDUDDMXGDURFUHVFLPHQWRGDV
IROKDVQRYDV@
Dentro do ngauraYLYHPDUDQKDVIRUPLJDVHVFRUSL}HV
FHQWRSHLDV PLQKRFDV FRJXPHORV H YiULRV WLSRV GH
RXWURVVHUHVPXLWRSHTXHQRV@
$VIROKDVWDPEpPFDHPQRVODJRVQRVLJDUDSpVHLJDSyV
A natureza segundo os Ticunas/Livro das Árvores
2UJDQL]DomR*HUDOGRV3URIHVVRUHV%LOtQJXHV7LFXQDV
1DYLVmRGRVtQGLRV7LFXQDVDGHVFULomRVREUHRQJDXUD
SHUPLWH FODVVL¿FiOR FRPR XP SURGXWR GLUHWDPHQWH
UHODFLRQDGRDRFLFOR
GDiJXD
GRR[LJrQLR
GRIyVIRUR
GRFDUERQR
GRQLWURJrQLR
CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 15
FDUDFWHUL]DGRSHORD
 DXPHQWRGDVDOLQLGDGHHPTXHDiJXDGRVRORDWLQJH
XPDFRQFHQWUDomRGHVDLVPDLRUTXHDGDVFpOXODV
GDV UDt]HV GDV SODQWDV LPSHGLQGR DVVLP TXH D
iJXDVHMDDEVRUYLGD
 DXPHQWR GD VDOLQLGDGH HP TXH R VROR DWLQJH XP
QtYHOPXLWREDL[RGHiJXDHDVSODQWDVQmRWrPIRUoD
GHVXFomRSDUDDEVRUYHUDiJXD
 GLPLQXLomR GD VDOLQLGDGH TXH DWLQJH XP QtYHO HP
TXH DV SODQWDV QmR WrP IRUoD GH VXFomR ID]HQGR
FRPTXHDiJXDQmRVHMDDEVRUYLGD
 DXPHQWRGDVDOLQLGDGHTXHDWLQJHXPQtYHOHPTXH
DV SODQWDV WrP PXLWD VXGDomR QmR WHQGR IRUoD GH
VXFomRSDUDVXSHUiOD
 GLPLQXLomR GD VDOLQLGDGH TXH DWLQJH XP QtYHO HP
TXH DV SODQWDV ¿FDP W~UJLGDV H QmR WrP IRUoD GH
VXGDomRSDUDVXSHUiOD
Questão 57
SURSRUo}HV GH JDVHV FRPR R &2 R SULQFLSDO JiV
FDXVDGRU GR HIHLWR HVWXID ,VVR RFRUUH SRU FDXVD
GD TXDQWLGDGH GH FRPEXVWtYHLV IyVVHLV TXHLPDGRV
SULQFLSDOPHQWHQRWUDQVSRUWHPDVWDPEpPHPFDOGHLUDV
LQGXVWULDLV$OpP GLVVR QHVVDV FLGDGHV FRQFHQWUDPVH
DV PDLRUHV iUHDV FRP VRORV DVIDOWDGRV H FRQFUHWDGRV
RTXHDXPHQWDDUHWHQomRGHFDORUIRUPDQGRRTXHVH
FRQKHFHSRU³LOKDVGHFDORU´7DOIHQ{PHQRRFRUUHSRUTXH
HVVHVPDWHULDLVDEVRUYHPRFDORUHRGHYROYHPSDUDRDU
VREDIRUPDGHUDGLDomRWpUPLFD
(PiUHDVXUEDQDVGHYLGRjDWXDomRFRQMXQWDGRHIHLWR
HVWXIDHGDV³LOKDVGHFDORU´HVSHUDVHTXHRFRQVXPR
GHHQHUJLDHOpWULFD
 GLPLQXDGHYLGRjXWLOL]DomRGHFDOGHLUDVSRULQG~VWULDV
PHWDO~UJLFDV
 DXPHQWH GHYLGR DR EORTXHLR GD OX] GR VRO SHORV
JDVHVGRHIHLWRHVWXID
 GLPLQXD GHYLGR j QmR QHFHVVLGDGH GH DTXHFHU D
iJXDXWLOL]DGDHPLQG~VWULDV
 DXPHQWHGHYLGRjQHFHVVLGDGHGHPDLRUUHIULJHUDomR
GHLQG~VWULDVHUHVLGrQFLDV
 GLPLQXD GHYLGR j JUDQGH TXDQWLGDGH GH UDGLDomR
WpUPLFDUHXWLOL]DGD
 2010
Questão 58 Questão 60
Sob prHVVmR QRUPDO DR QtYHO GR PDU D iJXD HQWUD
HP HEXOLomR j WHPSHUDWXUD GH  o&7HQGR SRU EDVH
HVVD LQIRUPDomR XP JDURWR UHVLGHQWH HP XPD FLGDGH
OLWRUkQHDIH]DVHJXLQWHH[SHULrQFLD

‡ &RORFRX XPD FDQHFD PHWiOLFD FRQWHQGR iJXD QR

IRJDUHLURGRIRJmRGHVXDFDVD
‡ 4XDQGR D iJXD FRPHoRX D IHUYHU HQFRVWRX
FXLGDGRVDPHQWH D H[WUHPLGDGH PDLV HVWUHLWD GH
XPD VHULQJD GH LQMHomR GHVSURYLGD GH DJXOKD
QD VXSHUItFLH GR OtTXLGR H HUJXHQGR R rPEROR GD
seringa, aspirou certa quantidade de água para seu
LQWHULRUWDSDQGRDHPVHJXLGD
‡ 9HUL¿FDQGR DSyV DOJXQV LQVWDQWHV TXH D iJXD GD
VHULQJDKDYLDSDUDGRGHIHUYHUHOHHUJXHXRrPEROR
GDVHULQJDFRQVWDWDQGRLQWULJDGRTXHDiJXDYROWRX
DIHUYHUDSyVXPSHTXHQRGHVORFDPHQWRGRrPEROR
=,(*/(50)(QHUJLD6XVWHQWiYHORevista IstoÉDEU

&RQVLGHUDQGR R SURFHGLPHQWR DQWHULRU D iJXD YROWD D

IHUYHUSRUTXHHVVHGHVORFDPHQWR
 SHUPLWHDHQWUDGDGHFDORUGRDPELHQWHH[WHUQRSDUD
RLQWHULRUGDVHULQJD
provoca, por atrito, um aquecimento da água contida
QDVHULQJD
 SURGX]XPDXPHQWRGHYROXPHTXHDXPHQWDRSRQWR
GHHEXOLomRGDiJXD
 SURSRUFLRQD XPD TXHGD GH SUHVVmR QR LQWHULRU GD
VHULQJDTXHGLPLQXLRSRQWRGHHEXOLomRGDiJXD
$IRQWHGHHQHUJLDUHSUHVHQWDGDQD¿JXUDFRQVLGHUDGD
XPD GDV PDLV OLPSDV H VXVWHQWiYHLV GR PXQGR p
H[WUDtGDGRFDORUJHUDGR
 SHODFLUFXODomRGRPDJPDQRVXEVROR
 SHODVHUXSo}HVFRQVWDQWHVGRVYXOF}HV
 SHORVROTXHDTXHFHDViJXDVFRPUDGLDomRXOWUDYLROHWD
 SHODTXHLPDGRFDUYmRHFRPEXVWtYHLVIyVVHLV
 SHORVGHWULWRVHFLQ]DVYXOFkQLFDV
Questão 61
1RDQRGHXPYD]DPHQWRHPGXWRVGHyOHRQDEDtD
 SRVVLELOLWD XPD GLPLQXLomR GD GHQVLGDGH GD iJXD
TXHIDFLOLWDVXDHEXOLomR
Questão 59
O despejo de dejetos de esgotos domésticos e
LQGXVWULDLV YHP FDXVDQGR VpULRV SUREOHPDV DRV ULRV
EUDVLOHLURV (VVHV SROXHQWHV VmR ULFRV HP VXEVWkQFLDV
TXH FRQWULEXHP SDUD D HXWUR¿]DomR GH HFRVVLVWHPDV
que é um enriquecimento da água por nutrientes, o que
SURYRFD XP JUDQGH FUHVFLPHQWR EDFWHULDQR H SRU ¿P
SRGHSURPRYHUHVFDVVH]GHR[LJrQLR
GH *XDQDEDUD 5- FDXVRX XP GRV PDLRUHV DFLGHQWHV
DPELHQWDLV GR %UDVLO$OpP GH DIHWDU D IDXQD H D ÀRUD R
DFLGHQWH DEDORX R HTXLOtEULR GD FDGHLD DOLPHQWDU GH WRGD
D EDtD 2 SHWUyOHR IRUPD XPD SHOtFXOD QD VXSHUItFLH GD
iJXDRTXHSUHMXGLFDDVWURFDVJDVRVDVGDDWPRVIHUDFRP
D iJXD H GHVIDYRUHFH D UHDOL]DomR GH IRWRVVtQWHVH SHODV
DOJDV TXH HVWmR QD EDVH GD FDGHLD DOLPHQWDU KtGULFD
$OpP GLVVR R GHUUDPDPHQWR GH yOHR FRQWULEXLX SDUD R
envenenamento das árvores e, consequentemente, para a
LQWR[LFDomRGDIDXQDHÀRUDDTXiWLFDVEHPFRPRFRQGX]LX
jPRUWHGLYHUVDVHVSpFLHVGHDQLPDLVHQWUHRXWUDVIRUPDV
GHYLGDDIHWDQGRWDPEpPDDWLYLGDGHSHVTXHLUD
8PDPDQHLUDGHHYLWDUDGLPLQXLomRGDFRQFHQWUDomRGH /$8%,(5/'LYHUVLGDGHGD0DUp1HJUD,Q6FLHQWL¿F$PHULFDQ%UDVLODJRDGDSWDGR

R[LJrQLRQRDPELHQWHp
$VLWXDomRH[SRVWDQRWH[WRHVXDVLPSOLFDo}HV
Aquecer as águas dos rios para aumentar a
indicam a indeSHQGrQFLD GD HVSpFLH KXPDQD FRP
YHORFLGDGHGHGHFRPSRVLomRGRVGHMHWRV
UHODomRDRDPELHQWHPDULQKR
Retirar do esgoto os materiais ricos em nutrientes  DOHUWDPSDUDDQHFHVVLGDGHGRFRQWUROHGDSROXLomR
SDUDGLPLQXLUDVXDFRQFHQWUDomRQRVULRV DPELHQWDOSDUDUHGXomRGRHIHLWRHVWXID
 $GLFLRQDU EDFWpULDV DQDHUyELFDV jV iJXDV GRV ULRV  LOXVWUDPDLQWHUGHSHQGrQFLDGDVGLYHUVDVIRUPDVGH
SDUDTXHHODVVREUHYLYDPPHVPRVHPRR[LJrQLR
 6XEVWLWXLU SURGXWRV QmR GHJUDGiYHLV SRU
ELRGHJUDGiYHLVSDUDTXHDVEDFWpULDVSRVVDPXWLOL]DU
RVQXWULHQWHV
 $XPHQWDUDVROXELOLGDGHGRVGHMHWRVQRHVJRWRSDUDTXH
RVQXWULHQWHV¿TXHPPDLVDFHVVtYHLVjVEDFWpULDV
YLGDDQLPDOYHJHWDOHRXWUDVHRVHXKDELWDW
 LQGLFDPDDOWDUHVLVWrQFLDGRPHLRDPELHQWHjDomR
GRKRPHPDOpPGHHYLGHQFLDUDVXDVXVWHQWDELOLGDGH
PHVPRHPFRQGLo}HVH[WUHPDVGHSROXLomR
 HYLGHQFLDP D JUDQGH FDSDFLGDGH DQLPDO GH VH
DGDSWDUjVPXGDQoDVDPELHQWDLVHPFRQWUDVWHFRP
DEDL[DFDSDFLGDGHGDVHVSpFLHVYHJHWDLVTXHHVWmR
QDEDVHGDFDGHLDDOLPHQWDUKtGULFD
CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 16

Questão 62
8P DPELHQWH FDSD] GH DV¿[LDU WRGRV RV DQLPDLV
FRQKHFLGRV GR SODQHWD IRL FRORQL]DGR SRU SHOR PHQRV
WUrV HVSpFLHV GLIHUHQWHV GH LQYHUWHEUDGRV PDULQKRV
'HVFREHUWRV D PDLV GH   P GH SURIXQGLGDGH QR
0HGLWHUUkQHR HOHV VmR RV SULPHLURV PHPEURV GR UHLQR
DQLPDO D SURVSHUDU PHVPR GLDQWH GD DXVrQFLD WRWDO
GH R[LJrQLR $Wp DJRUD DFKDYDVH TXH Vy EDFWpULDV
SXGHVVHP WHU HVVH HVWLOR GH YLGD 1mR DGPLUD TXH RV
ELFKRV SHUWHQoDP D XP JUXSR SRXFR FRQKHFLGR R
GRV ORULFtIHURV TXH PDO FKHJDP D  PP$SHVDU GR
WDPDQKR SRVVXHP FDEHoD ERFD VLVWHPD GLJHVWLYR
H XPD FDUDSDoD $ DGDSWDomR GRV ELFKRV j YLGD QR
VXIRFRpWmRSURIXQGDTXHVXDVFpOXODVGLVSHQVDUDPDV
FKDPDGDVPLWRF{QGULDV
/23(65-Italianos descobrem animal que vive em água sem oxigênio'LVSRQtYHO
2010
Questão 64
$OJXQV DQItELRV H UpSWHLV VmR DGDSWDGRV j YLGD
VXEWHUUkQHD 1HVVD VLWXDomR DSUHVHQWDP DOJXPDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV FRUSRUDLV FRPR SRU H[HPSOR DXVrQFLD
GH SDWDV FRUSR DQHODGR TXH IDFLOLWD R GHVORFDPHQWR
QRVXEVRORHHPDOJXQVFDVRVDXVrQFLDGHROKRV
6XSRQKD TXH XP ELyORJR WHQWDVVH H[SOLFDU D RULJHP
GDV DGDSWDo}HV PHQFLRQDGDV QR WH[WR XWLOL]DQGR
FRQFHLWRV GD WHRULD HYROXWLYD GH /DPDUFN $R DGRWDU
HVVHSRQWRGHYLVWDHOHGLULDTXH
HPKWWSZZZIROKDXROFRPEU$FHVVRHPDEUDGDSWDGR
4XHVXEVWkQFLDVSRGHULDPWHUDPHVPDIXQomRGR2 na
UHVSLUDomRFHOXODUUHDOL]DGDSHORVORULFtIHURV"
S e CH4
Se
H e
COe CH4
H e CO
Questão 63
$V PLVWXUDV HIHUYHVFHQWHV HP Sy RX HP FRPSULPLGRV
VmR FRPXQV SDUD D DGPLQLVWUDomR GH YLWDPLQD & RX GH
PHGLFDPHQWRV SDUD D]LD (VVD IRUPD IDUPDFrXWLFD VyOLGD
IRL GHVHQYROYLGD SDUD IDFLOLWDU R WUDQVSRUWH DXPHQWDU D
HVWDELOLGDGHGHVXEVWkQFLDVHTXDQGRHPVROXomRDFHOHUDUD
DEVRUomRGRIiUPDFRSHORRUJDQLVPR
$V PDWpULDVSULPDV TXH DWXDP QD HIHUYHVFrQFLD VmR HP
JHUDORiFLGRWDUWiULFRRXRiFLGRFtWULFRTXHUHDJHPFRPXP
 DVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFLWDGDVQRWH[WRIRUDPRULJLQDGDV
SHODVHOHomRQDWXUDO
 DDXVrQFLDGHROKRVWHULDVLGRFDXVDGDSHODIDOWDGH
XVRGRVPHVPRVVHJXQGRDOHLGRXVRHGHVXVR
 R FRUSR DQHODGR p XPD FDUDFWHUtVWLFD IRUWHPHQWH
adaptativa, mas seria transmitida apenas à
SULPHLUDJHUDomRGHGHVFHQGHQWHV
 DV SDWDV WHULDP VLGR SHUGLGDV SHOD IDOWD GH XVR H HP
VHJXLGDHVVDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDIRLLQFRUSRUDGDDRSDWULP{QLR
JHQpWLFRHHQWmRWUDQVPLWLGDVDRVGHVFHQGHQWHV
 DVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFLWDGDVQRWH[WRIRUDPDGTXLULGDV
SRUPHLRGHPXWDo}HVHGHSRLVDRORQJRGRWHPSR
IRUDPVHOHFLRQDGDVSRUVHUHPPDLVDGDSWDGDVDR
ambiente em que os organismos se encRQWUDP
VDOGHFDUiWHUEiVLFRFRPRRELFDUERQDWRGHVyGLR1D+&23 Rascunho
TXDQGRHPFRQWDWRFRPDiJXD$SDUWLUGRFRQWDWRGDPLVWXUD
HIHUYHVFHQWH FRP D iJXD RFRUUH XPD VpULH GH UHDo}HV
TXtPLFDVVLPXOWkQHDVOLEHUDomRGHtRQVIRUPDomRGHiFLGRH
OLEHUDomRGRJiVFDUE{QLFR²JHUDQGRDHIHUYHVFrQFLD

$V HTXDo}HV D VHJXLU UHSUHVHQWDP DV HWDSDV GD

UHDomRGDPLVWXUDHIHUYHVFHQWHQDiJXDHPTXHIRUDP
RPLWLGRVRVHVWDGRVGHDJUHJDomRGRVUHDJHQWHVH+3A
UHSUHVHQWDRiFLGRFtWULFR

, 1D+&23 ĺ1D+ +

,, +CO3 U HO + CO
,,, + H+ U HCO3
,9 +3A U 3H+ +

$LRQL]DomRDGLVVRFLDomRL{QLFDDIRUPDomRGRiFLGR
H D OLEHUDomR GR JiV RFRUUHP UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH QDV
VHJXLQWHVHWDSDV

 ,9,,,H,,,
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CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 17

Questão 65
O cresciPHQWR GD SURGXomR GH HQHUJLD HOpWULFD DR
ORQJR GR WHPSR WHP LQÀXHQFLDGR GHFLVLYDPHQWH R
SURJUHVVR GD KXPDQLGDGH PDV WDPEpP WHP FULDGR
XPD VpULD SUHRFXSDomR R SUHMXt]R DR PHLR DPELHQWH
1RV SUy[LPRV DQRV XPD QRYD WHFQRORJLD GH JHUDomR
GHHQHUJLDHOpWULFDGHYHUiJDQKDUHVSDoRDVFpOXODVD
FRPEXVWtYHOKLGURJrQLRR[LJrQLR
9,//8//$6+07,&,$1(//,($*21=È/(=(5Química Nova Na Escola. NoPDLR
Com basH QR WH[WR H QD ¿JXUD D SURGXomR GH HQHUJLD
HOpWULFD SRU PHLR GD FpOXOD D FRPEXVWtYHO KLGURJrQLR
R[LJrQLRGLIHUHQFLDVHGRVSURFHVVRVFRQYHQFLRQDLVSRUTXH
2010
&RP EDVH QRV GDGRV REWLGRV LQIHUHVH TXH D IXQomR
GDVPLFURYLORVLGDGHVLQWHVWLQDLVFRPUHODomRjDEVRUomR
GH QXWULHQWHV SHODV FpOXODV GDV SDUHGHV LQWHUQDV GR
intestino é a de
PDQWHURYROXPHGHDEVRUomR
DXPHQWDUDVXSHUItFLHGHDEVRUomR
GLPLQXLUDYHORFLGDGHGHDEVRUomR
DXPHQWDURWHPSRGHDEVRUomR
PDQWHUDVHOHWLYLGDGHQDDEVRUomR
Questão 67
O abastecimento de nossas necessidades energéticas
IXWXUDV GHSHQGHUi FHUWDPHQWH GR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR
GH WHFQRORJLDV SDUD DSURYHLWDU D HQHUJLD VRODU FRP
PDLRU H¿FLrQFLD $ HQHUJLD VRODU p D PDLRU IRQWH GH
HQHUJLD PXQGLDO 1XP GLD HQVRODUDGR SRU H[HPSOR
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  N- GH HQHUJLD VRODU DWLQJH FDGD
PHWURTXDGUDGRGDVXSHUItFLHWHUUHVWUHSRUVHJXQGR1R
HQWDQWRRDSURYHLWDPHQWRGHVVDHQHUJLDpGLItFLOSRUTXH
WUDQVIRUPDHQHUJLDTXtPLFDHPHQHUJLDHOpWULFDVHP
FDXVDUGDQRVDRPHLRDPELHQWHSRUTXHRSULQFLSDO
VXESURGXWRIRUPDGRpDiJXD
FRQYHUWH D HQHUJLD TXtPLFD FRQWLGD QDV PROpFXODV
dos componentes em energia térmica, sem que
RFRUUD D SURGXomR GH JDVHV SROXHQWHV QRFLYRV DR
PHLRDPELHQWH
WUDQVIRUPD HQHUJLD TXtPLFD HP HQHUJLD HOpWULFD
SRUpPHPLWHJDVHVSROXHQWHVGDPHVPDIRUPDTXHD
HODpGLOXtGDGLVWULEXtGDSRUXPDiUHDPXLWRH[WHQVDH
RVFLOD FRP R KRUiULR H DV FRQGLo}HV FOLPiWLFDV 2 XVR
HIHWLYRGDHQHUJLDVRODUGHSHQGHGHIRUPDVGHHVWRFDUD
HQHUJLDFROHWDGDSDUDXVRSRVWHULRU
%52:17Química a Ciência Central6mR3DXOR3HDUVRQ3UHQWLFH+DOO
$WXDOPHQWHXPDGDVIRUPDVGHVHXWLOL]DUDHQHUJLDVRODU
WHPVLGRDUPD]HQiODSRUPHLRGHSURFHVVRVTXtPLFRV
endotérmicos que mais tarde podem ser revertidos para
SURGXomRGHHQHUJLDDSDUWLUGRVFRPEXVWtYHLVIyVVHLV OLEHUDU FDORU &RQVLGHUDQGR D UHDomR &+J + HOY +
FRQYHUWH HQHUJLD HOpWULFD SURYHQLHQWH GRV
FRPEXVWtYHLVIyVVHLVHPHQHUJLDTXtPLFDUHWHQGRRV
JDVHVSROXHQWHVSURGX]LGRVQRSURFHVVRVHPDOWHUDU
DTXDOLGDGHGRPHLRDPELHQWH
FRQYHUWH D HQHUJLD SRWHQFLDO DFXPXODGD QDV
PROpFXODVGHiJXDFRQWLGDVQRVLVWHPDHPHQHUJLD
TXtPLFD VHP TXH RFRUUD D SURGXomR GH JDVHV
SROXHQWHVQRFLYRVDRPHLRDPELHQWH
Questão 66
3DUD H[SOLFar a DEVRUomR GH QXWULHQWHV EHP FRPR D
IXQomRGDVPLFURYLORVLGDGHVGDVPHPEUDQDVGDVFpOXODV
TXHUHYHVWHPDVSDUHGHVLQWHUQDVGRLQWHVWLQRGHOJDGRXP
HVWXGDQWHUHDOL]RXRVHJXLQWHH[SHULPHQWR
&RORFRXPƐGHiJXDHPGRLVUHFLSLHQWHV1RSULPHLUR
UHFLSLHQWH PHUJXOKRX SRU  VHJXQGRV XP SHGDoR GH
SDSHOOLVRFRPRQD),*85$QRVHJXQGRUHFLSLHQWHIH]R
PHVPRFRPXPSHGDoRGHSDSHOFRPGREUDVVLPXODQGRDV
PLFURYLORVLGDGHVFRQIRUPH),*85$2VGDGRVREWLGRV
IRUDPDTXDQWLGDGHGHiJXDDEVRUYLGDSHORSDSHOOLVRIRL
GHPƐHQTXDQWRSHORSDSHOGREUDGRIRLGHPƐ
),*85$),*85$
FDORUU COJ + 3 HJHDQDOLVDQGRDFRPRSRWHQFLDO
mecanismo para o aproveitamento posterior da energia
VRODUFRQFOXLVHTXHVHWUata de uma estratégia
inVDWLVIDWyULD SRLV D UHDomR DSUHVHQWDGD QmR
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WRUQDQGRDXPDUHDomRSHULJRVDHGHGLItFLOFRQWUROH
 LQVDWLVIDWyULDXPDYH]TXHKiIRUPDomRGHJiV&2
TXHQmRSRVVXLFRQWH~GRHQHUJpWLFRSDVVtYHOGHVHU
aproveitado posteriormente e é considerado um gás
SROXHQWH
 VDWLVIDWyULD XPD YH] TXH D UHDomR GLUHWD RFRUUH
FRP DEVRUomR GH FDORU H SURPRYH D IRUPDomR
GDV VXEVWkQFLDV FRPEXVWtYHLV TXH SRGHUmR VHU
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FRP OLEHUDomR GH FDORU KDYHQGR DLQGD D IRUPDomR
GDV VXEVWkQFLDV FRPEXVWtYHLV TXH SRGHUmR VHU
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HUHDOL]DomRGHWUDEDOKR~WLO
CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 18

Questão 68
Todos os organismos necessitam de água e grande
SDUWHGHOHVYLYHHPULRVODJRVHRFHDQRV2VSURFHVVRV
ELROyJLFRV FRPR UHVSLUDomR H IRWRVVtQWHVH H[HUFHP
SURIXQGD LQÀXrQFLD QD TXtPLFD GDV iJXDV QDWXUDLV HP
WRGRRSODQHWD2R[LJrQLRpDWRUGRPLQDQWHQDTXtPLFD
H QD ELRTXtPLFD GD KLGURVIHUD 'HYLGR D VXD EDL[D
2010
Questão 69
2 XVR SURORQJDGR GH OHQWHV GH FRQWDWR VREUHWXGR
GXUDQWHDQRLWHDOLDGRDFRQGLo}HVSUHFiULDVGHKLJLHQH
UHSUHVHQWDP IDWRUHV GH ULVFR SDUD R DSDUHFLPHQWR
GH XPD LQIHFomR GHQRPLQDGD FHUDWLWH PLFURELDQD
TXH FDXVD XOFHUDomR LQÀDPDWyULD GD FyUQHD 3DUD
LQWHUURPSHU R SURFHVVR GD GRHQoD p QHFHVViULR
VROXELOLGDGHHPiJXDPJƐDž&DGLVSRQLELOLGDGH WUDWDPHQWR DQWLELyWLFR 'H PRGR JHUDO RV IDWRUHV GH
GH R[LJrQLR QRV HFRVVLVWHPDV DTXiWLFRV HVWDEHOHFH ULVFR SURYRFDP D GLPLQXLomR GD R[LJHQDomR FRUQHDQD
R OLPLWH HQWUH D YLGD DHUyELFD H DQDHUyELFD 1HVVH H GHWHUPLQDP PXGDQoDV QR VHX PHWDEROLVPR GH XP
FRQWH[WRXPSDUkPHWURFKDPDGR'HPDQGD%LRTXtPLFD HVWDGR DHUyELFR SDUD DQDHUyELFR &RPR GHFRUUrQFLD
GH2[LJrQLR'%2IRLGH¿QLGRSDUDPHGLUDTXDQWLGDGH REVHUYDVHDGLPLQXLomRQRQ~PHURHQDYHORFLGDGHGH
GH PDWpULD RUJkQLFD SUHVHQWH HP XP VLVWHPD KtGULFR PLWRVHVGRHSLWpOLRRTXHSUHGLVS}HDRDSDUHFLPHQWRGH
$ '%2 FRUUHVSRQGH j PDVVD GH 2 HP PLOLJUDPDV GHIHLWRVHSLWHOLDLVHjLQYDVmREDFWHULDQD
QHFHVViULD SDUD UHDOL]DU D R[LGDomR WRWDO GR FDUERQR &5(67$)/HQWHGHFRQWDWRHLQIHFomRRFXODU Revista Sinopse de Oftalmologia.6mR
RUJkQLFRHPXPOLWURGHiJXD 3DXOR0RUHLUD-UYQDGDSWDGR
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DV FRQVWDQWHV PXGDQoDV QR DPELHQWH HP TXH VH
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YLDGHREWHQomRGHHQHUJLD
 $ GLYHUVLGDGH PRUIROyJLFD HQWUH DV EDFWpULDV
Rascunho aumentando a variedade de tipos de agentes
LQIHFFLRVRV H D QXWULomR KHWHURWUy¿FD FRPR IRUPD
de esses microrganismos obterem matéria-prima e
HQHUJLD
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JHQpWLFD GRV PLOKDUHV GH LQGLYtGXRV H D QXWULomR
KHWHURWUy¿FDFRPR~QLFDIRUPDGHREWHQomRGHPDWpULD
SULPDHHQHUJLDGHVVHVPLFURUJDQLVPRV
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descendentes geneticamente idênticos entre si e a
GLYHUVLGDGH PHWDEyOLFD FRQVLGHUDQGR SURFHVVRV
DHUyELFRVHDQDHUyELFRVSDUDDREWHQomRGHHQHUJLD

Rascunho

CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 19


Questão 70
2EVHUYH D WDEHOD VHJXLQWH (OD WUD] HVSHFL¿FDo}HV
WpFQLFDV FRQVWDQWHVQRPDQXDOGHLQVWUXo}HVIRUQHFLGR
SHORIDEULFDQWHGHXPDWRUQHLUDHOpWULFD
2010
Questão 71
1RTXHWDQJHjWHFQRORJLDGHFRPEXVWtYHLVDOWHUQDWLYRV
PXLWRV HVSHFLDOLVWDV HP HQHUJLD DFUHGLWDP TXH RV
DOFRyLV YmR FUHVFHU HP LPSRUWkQFLD HP XP IXWXUR
SUy[LPR5HDOPHQWHDOFRyLVFRPRPHWDQROHHWDQROWrP
HQFRQWUDGR DOJXQV QLFKRV SDUD XVR GRPpVWLFR FRPR
FRPEXVWtYHLVKiPXLWDVGpFDGDVHUHFHQWHPHQWHYrP
REWHQGR XPD DFHLWDomR FDGD YH] PDLRU FRPR DGLWLYRV
RXPHVPRFRPRVXEVWLWXWRVSDUDJDVROLQDHPYHtFXORV
$OJXPDVGDVSURSULHGDGHVItVLFDVGHVVHVFRPEXVWtYHLV
VmRPRVWUDGDVQRTXDGURVHJXLQWH

Densidade Calor de
Álcool a 25 ºC Combustão
(g/mL) (kJ/mol)
'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZFDUGDOFRPEUPDQXDOSURG0DQXDLV7RUQHLUD6XSUHPD
0DQXDOB7RUQHLUDB6XSUHPDBURRSGI
0HWDQRO
 
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&RQVLGHUDQGR TXH R PRGHOR GH PDLRU SRWrQFLD GD
YHUVmR9GDWRUQHLUDVXSUHPDIRLLQDGYHUWLGDPHQWH (WDQRO
FRQHFWDGDDXPDUHGHFRPWHQVmRQRPLQDOGH9H  
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Pi[LPDSRWrQFLD4XDORYDORUDSUR[LPDGRGDSRWrQFLD
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 :
 : &RQVLGHUHTXHHPSHTXHQRVYROXPHVRFXVWRGHSURGXomR
 : GHDPERVRVDOFRyLVVHMDRPHVPR'HVVDIRUPDGRSRQWR
 : GHYLVWDHFRQ{PLFRpPDLVYDQWDMRVRXWLOL]DU
 :
PHWDQRO SRLV VXD FRPEXVWmR FRPSOHWD IRUQHFH
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FRPEXVWtYHOTXHLPDGR
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FRPEXVWtYHOTXHLPDGR
HWDQRO SRLV VXD FRPEXVWmR FRPSOHWD IRUQHFH
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  0- GH HQHUJLD SRU OLWUR GH
FRPEXVWtYHOTXHLPDGR
HWDQRO SRLV VXD FRPEXVWmR FRPSOHWD IRUQHFH
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Rascunho

CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 20


Questão 72
$HQHUJLDHOpWULFDFRQVXPLGDQDVUHVLGrQFLDVpPHGLGD
HP TXLORZDWWKRUD SRU PHLR GH XP UHOyJLR PHGLGRU
GH FRQVXPR 1HVVH UHOyJLR GD GLUHLWD SDUD HVTXHUGD
WHPVH R SRQWHLUR GD XQLGDGH GD GH]HQD GD FHQWHQD
HGRPLOKDU6HXPSRQWHLURHVWLYHUHQWUHGRLVQ~PHURV
FRQVLGHUDVHR~OWLPRQ~PHURXOWUDSDVVDGRSHORSRQWHLUR
6XSRQKD TXH DV PHGLGDV LQGLFDGDV QRV HVTXHPDV
VHJXLQWHVWHQKDPVLGRIHLWDVHPXPDFLGDGHHPTXHR
SUHoRGRTXLORZDWWKRUDIRVVHGH5
2010
Questão 73
1R DQR GH  diversas mortes de animais por
HQYHQHQDPHQWR QR ]RROyJLFR GH 6mR 3DXOR IRUDP
HYLGHQFLDGDV (VWXGRV WpFQLFRV DSRQWDP VXVSHLWD GH
LQWR[LFDomR SRU PRQRÀXRUDFHWDWR GH VyGLR FRQKHFLGR
FRPRFRPSRVWRHLOHJDOPHQWHFRPHUFLDOL]DGRFRPR
UDWLFLGD 2 PRQRÀXRUDFHWDWR GH VyGLR p XP GHULYDGR
GR iFLGR PRQRÀXRUDFpWLFR H DJH QR RUJDQLVPR GRV
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DP{QLDQDFLUFXODomR
PRQRÀXRUDFHWDWRGHVyGLR
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2 YDORU D VHU SDJR SHOR FRQVXPR GH HQHUJLD HOpWULFD  SHUGD GH tRQV KLGUR[LOD GR iFLGR PRQRÀXRUDFpWLFR
registrado seria de
FRPOLEHUDomRGHKLGUy[LGRGHVyGLR
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 5 KLGUy[LGRGHVyGLRFRPOLEHUDomRGHiJXD
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Rascunho Questão 74
$HOHWUyOLVHpPXLWRHPSUHJDGDQDLQG~VWULDFRPRREMHWLYR
GH UHDSURYHLWDU SDUWH GRV PHWDLV VXFDWHDGRV 2 FREUH
SRU H[HPSOR p XP GRV PHWDLV FRP PDLRU UHQGLPHQWR
QR SURFHVVR GH HOHWUyOLVH FRP XPD UHFXSHUDomR GH
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH3RUVHUXPPHWDOGHDOWRYDORU
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WRUQDVHYLiYHOHFRQRPLFDPHQWH

6XSRQKDTXHHPXPSURFHVVRGHUHFXSHUDomRGHFREUH
SXUR WHQKDVH HOHWUROLVDGR XPD VROXomR GH VXOIDWR GH
FREUH ,, &X624 GXUDQWH  K HPSUHJDQGRVH XPD
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CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 21

 2010
Questão 75 Questão 77
'XDV LUPmV TXH GLYLGHP R PHVPR TXDUWR GH HVWXGRV
FRPELQDUDP GH FRPSUDU GXDV FDL[DV FRP WDPSDV SDUD
JXDUGDUHP VHXV SHUWHQFHV GHQWUR GH VXDV FDL[DV
HYLWDQGR DVVLP D EDJXQoD VREUH D PHVD GH HVWXGRV
8PDGHODVFRPSURXXPDPHWiOLFDHDRXWUDXPDFDL[D
GHPDGHLUDGHiUHDHHVSHVVXUDODWHUDOGLIHUHQWHVSDUD
IDFLOLWDUDLGHQWL¿FDomR8PGLDDVPHQLQDVIRUDPHVWXGDU
SDUDDSURYDGH)tVLFDHDRVHDFRPRGDUHPQDPHVDGH
HVWXGRVJXDUGDUDPVHXVFHOXODUHVOLJDGRVGHQWURGHVXDV
FDL[DV$RORQJRGHVVHGLDXPDGHODVUHFHEHXOLJDo}HV
WHOHI{QLFDVHQTXDQWRRVDPLJRVGDRXWUDWHQWDYDPOLJDU
HUHFHELDPDPHQVDJHPGHTXHRFHOXODUHVWDYDIRUDGD
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PDGHLUDQmRpXPERPFRQGXWRUGHHOHWULFLGDGH
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UHÀHWLDWRGRWLSRGHUDGLDomRTXHQHOHLQFLGLD
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Questão 76
,QYHVWLJDGRUHV GDV 8QLYHUVLGDGHV GH 2[IRUG H GD
&DOLIyUQLD GHVHQYROYHUDP XPD YDULHGDGH GH Aedes
aegypti JHQHWLFDPHQWH PRGL¿FDGD TXH p FDQGLGDWD
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GD GHQJXH 1HVVD QRYD YDULHGDGH GH PRVTXLWR DV
IrPHDV QmR FRQVHJXHP YRDU GHYLGR j LQWHUUXSomR GR
GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR P~VFXOR GDV DVDV $ PRGL¿FDomR
JHQpWLFDLQWURGX]LGDpXPJHQHGRPLQDQWHFRQGLFLRQDO
LVVRpRJHQHWHPH[SUHVVmRGRPLQDQWHEDVWDDSHQDV
Dois pesquisadores percorreram os trajetos marcados
QR PDSD $ WDUHID GHOHV IRL DQDOLVDU RV HFRVVLVWHPDV H
HQFRQWUDQGR SUREOHPDV UHODWDU H SURSRU PHGLGDV GH
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H[WUDtGRVGRVUHODWyULRVGHVVHVGRLVSHVTXLVDGRUHV
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grossas que predominam nesse ecossistema
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7UHFKRVDOHDWyULRVH[WUDtGRVGRUHODWyULRGRSHVTXLVDGRU3
XPDFySLDGRDOHORHHVWHVyDWXDQDVIrPHDV  ,,, ³'DV SDOPHLUDV TXH SUHGRPLQDP QHVWD UHJLmR
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de Aedes aegypti demore ainda anos para ser
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de Aedes aegypti dessa variedade geneticamente
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CN - 1º dia | Caderno 2 - AMARELO - Página 22


Questão 78
$FRPSRVLomRPpGLDGHXPDEDWHULDDXWRPRWLYDHVJRWDGD
p GH DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  3E  3E2  3E2
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3E624H3E(QWUHWRGRVRVFRPSRVWRVGHFKXPER
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2010
Questão 79
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