Aa Ha Ra Sa Zaung No. 119

trSwfpOf-119 Zefe0g&D -2011
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01 01 2011
10
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12
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[mvnf;tvkyfvufrJhjzpfae=uwma=umifh tpdk;&t&m
'ga}umif h v nf ; 2009 ck E S p f o rR a &G ; aumuf y G J &dSawG&JŒqufqHjyKrlyHkawGudk pdwfqdk;a'goxGufcJh}uygw,f?
rSmvnf; orRwt+zpfig;}udrfa+rmuf+yefvnf a&G;cs,f+cif;cHcJh
&ygw,f? pmrsufESm-20 odk@
14
a¶$nmajr &ifcek fcw

hJ ek f;u
“urBmra=u jrefrmjynf wdk@bdk;bGm; tarGteSpfrdk@ (3)
cspfjrwfedk;ay? jynfaxmifpkudk toufay;vdk@ wdk@um uG,f
rav 'gwdk@jynf 'gwdk@ajr wdk@ydkifwJhajr æ [ma[h aumif æ rlvwef;ausmif;rS pmoifcef;uav;u tyfusoH
ighvG,ftdwftjrD;udk rif;ajcaxmufu &$HŒawGeJ@ wufreif; udk =um;&avmufatmif wdwfqdwfjidrfoufv#uf æ
eJ@av”
“igrodvdk@eif;rdwmuG æ ” “pnf;pnf;vHk;vHk;aeyg &efrjzpfygeJ@vdk@ ajymxm;wJh=um;u
“ajAmif; ajAmif; æ” &efjzpfwJh rif;wdk@eSpfa,muf rSm tjypf&Sdovm; r&Sdbl;vm;”
“uav;awG ed k i f i H a wmf oD c sif ; qd k a ewk e f ; pum;rajym
&bl;av?” q&mrav; toH e S i f h t wl vuf p J G a wmf = ud r f u d k
avxJwGif w0SD;0SD;vkyfumaeawmh xdkwmawav; eSpf
pm;yJGckHudk &dkufaom =udrfoHcyf=urf;=urf;eSifh pum; a,mufu rsufESmi,fuav;awGeSifh
oHcyfrmrma=umifh &efjzpfoHrsm; c% wdwfoGm;cJhjyefonf? “[Jh ar;aew,f ajz=uav”
“&Sdygw,f q&mr ”
“wdk@jynfwdk@ajr tusKd;udk nDnmpGmwdk@wawG xrf;aqmif “'gqdk æ”
ygpdk@av æ odr,f æ rif;eJ@ig rkef@pm;ausmif;qif;rS pm&if;
&Sif;r,f? ” (4)
(2) aemuf w pf a e@ ausmif ; wuf c sd e f a &muf a wmh r

ae@u &ef j zpf c J h o nf h xd k E S p f a ,muf u ausmif ; vrf ; w
yJul&GmrS rlvwef;ausmif;uav;. rke@fpm;qif; av#mufa*:vD¶dkufrysuf?
csdef/ uav;rsm; arsmuf&H_;atmif upm;=uonfh upm;uGif; “a[haumif zdk;udk rif;rsufeSmu 'g%f&m b,feS,fhaep”
[k owfrSwf xm;aomajruGufvyf wpfae&mrS &$HŒawGxJ “odyfremygbl; oef;x,f&m ? q&mrav; ¶dkufwmeJ@ igh
rS m awmh v_ y f v _ y f & S m ;&S m ;pd r f a c:eyef ; vH k ; r_ w pf c k ? xd k e S p f træ” zdk;ukdwa,muf ajymvufp pum;udk&yf&if; ausmif;
a,muf u awmh ausmif ; &J h eH r nf = uD ; wmawav; eS p f u av;&Sd&mudk vSrf;=unhf&if; æ
a,mufjzpfonfh zdk;udkeSifh oef;x,f?
“a[h ausmif;a&SŒu [dkvl=uD;u b,folwkef;uG? tem;
“a[haumifawG … q&mrav; u wkwfaumufjyD; pmoif rSmvnf; vlrdkufvdkvkd bmvdkvdkawGeJŒ? ”
cef;xJudk tckvmcJh=uwJh” “tJ'g [dkbuf&Gmu olaX;om;av igwdk@q&mrav;udk vm
ydk;aewm xifw,f”
twef;acgif;aqmif tajy;uav;vmum 0dkif;tHk “bm æ igwdk@q&mrav;udkrsm; olu &m&mpp ? &Gmu
aeolrsm;=um;rS wdk;a0S@um wm;rS r&yfcsif&yfcsifeSifh &efyJG ol=uD;om; OD;oef;wifeJ@awmif oabmrwlwJhudpPudk? ”
u&yfpJoGm;onf? oef;x,f wpfa,muf ausmif;a&SŒrS vlwpfpkudk
ai;=unhf&if; olwdk@&GmeSifh q&mrav; ta=umif;udk pOf;pm;
“eifwdk@vnf; twef;xJ0ifawmh olrsm;&efjzpfwmudk rwm; aerdawmhonf? onf&Gmuav;rSm q&m/ q&mr &Sm;yg;
bJ &yf=unfhae=uw,f/ aumifrpkwfuav;awGæ” vSonfu [dk;t&ifuwnf;u[k tb (a'otac: taz
15
udkajymjcif;jzpfonf) u ajymzl;onf? &GmcH vkyftm;ay; a=umufvef@vefŒ jzpfvdk@ vmacsonf?
q&mr uav;rsm;&S d o nf h w d k i f wpf e ,f w pf a us;rS vm rcHedkifonfhtqHk; ausmif;om;tcsKdŒeSifh q&mr
a&muf pmoifay;aom q&mq&mr wpfa,muf&zdk@um; av;wdk@ ol=uD;xHodk@oGm;um tusKd;ta=umif; ajymjyum
tawmfav;udk &Sm;yg;vSonfh tcGifhta&;? &GmOD;uapwDESifh ajz&Sif;jyefawmhvnf; wpfywfavmufom jidrfoGm;jyD;aemuf
q&mawmfausmif; rD;puftvif;rSvJGI v#yfppfrD;r&Sdonfh xkdvlwpfpku vmjrJtwdkif; vmqJ?
&Gm? vuf,ufwGif;rSa&udk renf; vkcyf&onfh a&&Sm;yg;jyD;
tvGefyljyif;vSonfh tnma'oav;rdk@ we,fwaus;rS q&mrav;udk cspfaom zdk;udkwdk@ oli,fcsif; wpfpk
q&m/ q&mrav;rsm;rvmcsifwmudk awmh tjypfawmh r uawmh xkdvlpkudk tr_ef@=udwfypfcsif avmufatmif rkef;wD;
=uayr,fh 9eSpf r&Sdw&Sd t&G,fuav;awGeSifh umvom; wdk@
qdkomonfh &Gm? ppfudkif;wdkif; jrif;rljrdKŒrS oHk;wdkifcef@ (a'ocH
tac: ajcmufrdkifudk qdkvdkjcif;jzpfonf) a0;onfh vSnf;vrf;&JŒ tiftm;u rr#avaoma=umifh q&mrav; udktdrft
c&D;omaygufonfh olwdk@ wjrwfwedk;cspfcif=uonfh yJul&Gm? a&muf jyefydk@&HkuvJGvdk@ rwwfomjyef? t&ifvdk &$if&$ifjyjy
r&Sdawmhaom olwdk@q&mrav;udkom ai;=unhf&if;rlv
“rif;wdk@ q&mrav;udk 'D&GmrSm aysmfatmif xm;=ua[h/ wef; ausmif;om;wdk@ tawG;rsm;u [dk[dk'D'Dæ?
'Dwcg q&mrav;raysmfvdk@ jrdKŒjyef&if aemifq&mrwpf
a,muf&zdk@ u tcGifh odyfr&SdvSbl; ighvlwdk@& ” q&mrav; (6)
&Gmodk@pa&muf onfhae@u ol=uD;zdk;pdef ajymaom pum;rsm;
udk =um;a,mifrdawmh ol@&ifwdk@ wjzwfjzwf wkefrdawmh rkef@pm;qif;csdef rdk;&Gmaewmrdk@ uav;rsm;tcef;
onf? wGif;Yyif ajAmif;qefatmif upm;ae=uonf?
“[aumif& 'Dae@qdk tJvl=uD; ausmif;0if;xJawmif 0if “a'guf”
vmjyD? rae@u ausmif;tjyef q&mrav;udk igtdrfjyefydk@ “tGefŒ”
awmh olwdk@u q&mrav;udk vdkufpum; ajym=uao; [dkbuf&GmrS olaX;om;. tmarÉdwfoHeSifhtwl
w,f” xdkvlwpfpk w&Hk;&Hk;jzpfvdk@vmonf? acgif;udk yGwf&if; a'go
“rif;u bmrSrvkyfbl;vm; zdk;udk iwHk;&” w}uD;jzifh vufwpfzufuvnf; uav;pD; zdeyfwpfzufudk
“[æ/ igu bmvkyfvdk@&rSmwkef; olwdk@u "m;ajrmifw udkifum ausmif;xJodk@0ifvmaom olaX;om; ? qDrsm;&J$ae
um;um;eJ@ atmifvdrf;xm;aom xdkol&JŒ acgif;wGif &$ŒHawGA&yGESif hjzpf
xef;&nfav;uvnf; rl;vmao;w,f? ige@J q&mr um rsufeSmrSmvnf; &$ŒHpufwcsdKŒ? olŒaemufwGifawmh
av;vnf; a=umufa=umufeJ@ wpfa,mufvuf wa,muf "m;udkifvlrdkufrsm;u tpDt&D? vlrdkufrsm;udk a=umuf=uo
qJG+yD; okwfacswif&wmaygh” jzifh uav;rsm;tm;vHk; rsufvHk;jyL;av;rsm;jzifh twef;
“uvif uavmif uvifæ” axmifhwGif uyfum jidrfae=uonf?
ausmif;wufacgif;avmif; xdk;oHa=umifh olwdk@
eSpfa,muf ausmif;aqmifxJodk@ tv#iftjref ajy;0ifvdkuf “rif;wdk@xJu b,faumifvJ ighudk zdeyfeJ@aygufwm”
=uonf? [dkbuf&Gmu olaX;om;qkdoleSifh oli,fcsif;rsm; “ æ æ æ”
uawmh ausmif;t0ift0 opfyif&dyfrSm em;ae&if; q&mr “owdœ&SdwJhaumifxGufcJhavuGm vlav;awGu eSyfacs;wJG
av;&Sd&m pmoifcef;qDodk@ t&dyfw=unhf=unhfeSifh ? avmif;awG&Sdao;w,f/ igwdk@udk &efvmpaeao;w,f ”
“ ----- -----”
(5) “igh -SD; awG zdeyfeJ@aygufwJholxGufcJhvdk@ igajymae w,faemf/
&ufawG =umvmayr,fh opfyif&dyfrS xdkvlpdrf; r[kwf&if rif;wdk@ wwef;vHk; ighvufcsufrdr,f ”
wcsKdŒu ZJGaumif;v#uf? reufydkif;vmwwfv#if rkef@pm;
ausmif;qif;jyefwufrS jyefoGm;wwf=uovdk ae@vnfydkif; &kwf&kwf&kwf&kwftoHrsm;a=umifh em;aecef;wGif
vmv#ifvnf; q&mrav; tdrfjyefvrf;rSm aESmifh,Sufwwf xrif;pm;aeaom q&mrav; tarmwaum a&muf vm
ao;ojzifh q&mrav;rSm pmoifv#ifvnf; tae&cuf/ onf?
ausmif;qif;v#ifvnf; usD;vef@pmpm; b0vdk a=umuf
16
“[Jh æ[Jh æ tdkæ b,fvdkjzpfae=uwmvJ ? &Sifwdk@ua&m vdkuf=ujyD; tm;vHk;oabmwl vdkuf=uonf?
bmudpP twef;xJ0ifjyD; u|efr uav;awGudk tedkifusifhae
&wmvJ ” (7)
“Asm æ [d[ k kd r[kwyf gb;l q&mr usLyfw@kd tjyifrmS at;at;
aq;aq; xdkifaewmyg / 'D uav;awGxJu wpfa,mufu yJul&Gmuav;. ausmif;qif;csdefrdk;u tcgwdkif;
usKyfacgif;udk zdeyfeJ@aygufvdk@ vmar;&Hk ar;wmyg? u|efawmf@ xufudk ydkonf;vdk@aejyefonf? ausmif;0if;tjyifbufrS ol
acgif;udkvnf; =unhfygOD;Asm aumif;ao;&Jhvm;vdk@ ” aX;om;ESifh taygif;tygwdk@uvnf; ZGJ=uD;pGmjzifh xdktcdsefudk
ar#mfwvifhvifh ?
xdkolu jymjymovJESifh olŒacgif;rS &$HŒrsm;udk vuf rdk;a&xJrSm q&mrav;udk jcH&Hvdk@ ausmif;om;
ndK;xdk;jyawmh q&mrav;u ausmif;om;rsm;udk pdk;&drf ylyef wpfpkvHk; tjyHKvdkufxGufvmawmh xdkvl&rf;um;wpfpku
aeonfh=um;rS jyHK;pdpdjzpfoGm;ayr,fh rsufeSmydk;owf vdkuf *%mrjidrfpGm uav; wpfa,mufcsif;pDudk vkduf=unhfae
onf? =uonf? rdk;a&xJrSm vrf;av#mufvm=uonfh rlvwef;
ausmif;om;av;awGu jydKifwl uAsm&Gwfqdk&if; xdkvltkyf
“[mAsmq&muvJ bmrS&Sif;jyraeeJ@ 'Davmufawmif &dkif; =uD;eSifh a0;&mqDodk@ cyfjrefjref OD;wnfv#uf&Sdonf?
wJh aumifav;awG tm;vHk;udk &dkufjyD;ppfvdkuf&if b,fol
vkyfwmvJ ay:vmrSmyJ ” “0gqdk0gacgif a&awG=uD;vdk@
“'Dr,f 'Dr,f &Sifwdk@vkyfcsifwdkif;vkyf&rvm;? 'gu u|efr&J@ oa+yoD;rSnf@ aumufpdk@uG,f
pmoifcef;&Sifh u|efroabmrwlbJ &Sifwdk@ bmrSrvkyf&bl; c&mql;csHK [dktxJu
rSwfyg/ jzpfwmuawmh upm;ae&if;e@J trSwfwrJhvnf; jzpf ar#m@eufrnf;=uD; wG,fwwfw,f
wwfygw,favu|efrausmif;om;awGudk udk,f@[m udk,f ar#m@eufqdkwm csdKeJŒvm;uGJŒ ajrGe*g;awmif a=umufzl;uG,f
om ar;yghr,f” wdk@vnf;a=umufaygif twloGm;pdk@
tkef;vufEGm;av; xm;cJ@r,f
“tif;av q&mrajz&Sif;ay;r,fqdk&ifawmh wpfrsKd;aygh/ oGm;uG,f oGm;uG,f æ”
usKyf u awmh 'D z d e yf w pf z uf u d k ,l x m;OD ; r,f ? ausmif ;
qif;vkd@ zdeyfwpfzufwnf;eJ@ jyefoGm;wJh aumifuawmh r cyf n pf n pf &$ Œ H E G H x l x yf a om awmvrf ; uav;
vG,fbl;omatmufarh” wav#mufudk jzwfausmfoGm;onfh olwdk@ ajcaxmufav;
awG tm;vHk;rSm awmh zdeyfAvmeSifh ææ
xdkvltkyf rausreyfjzifh ausmif;cef;xJrS xGufoGm;
awmh q&mrav;u toHtkyftkyfjzifh qlonf?
“uJ tm;vHk; ckefay:wufjyD; rwfwyf&yf? wwef;vHk; tjypf
ay;wmrcHcsif&if udk,fhtjypfudk udk,fodw,fqdk&if apmapm
pD;pD; 0efcH”
cspfcifav;pm;v#uf
twef;om;rsm; ckHay:wGif&yf&if; wa,mufudk
wpfa,muf =unhfae=uonf? zdk;udk wpfa,muf olrsm; rGef;oufyef (aq; - 1)
xufxl;pGm *%Smrjidrfjzpfaeawmh pmtawmfqHk; ausmif;
oljzpfol rcspfvSu acgif;cgum wm;jrpfjyefojzifh jyefjidrf
oGm;jyefonf? vukefcgeD;rdk@ ausmif;ac:csdef pm&if;rsm;eSifh
tvkyf&_yfaeaom q&mrav;u olwdk@udk twef;wGifcHk
ay:wGif &yfapjyD; olrtcef;odk@ c%jyefoGm;aomtcg t
wef;. Om%f=uD;&Sif rsm;jzpf=uaom avmufpm/ ausmfjidrf;/ (avmutvS bavm@*frS ul;,lazmfjyonf?)
aemfpmwdk@rS OD;aqmifum acgif;csif;qdkif tpnf;ta0; vkyf
17
tckwavm owif;awGrmS yifpifpm;awG toHukd cifNird ;f opf

=um;ae&ygw,f? wu,fuawmh yifpif&aiGudk wdk;ay;oifh
wm tawmf=umaeyg+yD? jrefrmjynfrSm aiGwefzdk; tqrwef 1995 uae 2001 txd usru EdkifiHa&;t usOf;
azmif;yGaewmu awmfawmf =umaeyg+yD? aiGw &m/ aiGESpf&m om; tjzpfaxmifxJrSm &SdaepOf 1996 rSm usr tazqHk;yg;
qdkwmu uav;rkef@zdk;yJ&Sdygw,f? oGm;ygw,f? qufvufcHpm;ydkifcGifhtjzpf usr taru vpOf
usrtzdk;u oGif;ukefxkwfukefvkyfief;u nGefrSL; aiG 300 usyf &&Sdygw,f? taruHaumif;wmu usr&JŒ
&mxl;eJ@ 1982 avmufu yifpif,lcJhygw,f? tJ'D tcsdefu armifa&m/ nDra&m/ truyg/ wOD;wnf; usefaomrdcifudk
tzdk;&JŒ yifpifvpmu 300 ausmfavmuf&w,fwhJ? tzGm;u apmifha&Smuf=uavawmh tarrsufESm ri,f&ayrJh/ tu,f
jynfwGif;tcGefuae yifpif,lvdkufawmh yifpif vpm 200 I tazh yifpifaiG 300 usyfeJ@om tar&yfwnf& r,fqdk&if
eD;yg;&ygw,f? tzdk;eJ@ tzGm;u yifpifpm;awGtjzpf b,f b,fvdkrS &yfwnfEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl;? qefwjynf udk 50
om;orD;qDurS vufjzef@p&m rvdkbJ ol wdk@zmom aexdkif usyfeJ@ 60 usyf =um;xJrSm &Sdygw,f? uu tiSm;,mOfawG
pm;aomufEdkifygw,f? tJ'Dacwfu ae@pm;wa,mufudk 3 ay:umpjzpfvdk@ c&D; peJ@ c&D;qHk;udk aiG200 usyf usoifh wJht
usyf 85 jym; ay;wJhacwfyg? om; orD;awGu odwwfvdk@ csdefyg?
uefawmh&ifawmh aiGydkaiGvsHtjzpf vSLEdkifwef;Edkifygw,f? 2003 rSm usr tarqHk;awmh tarrxkwfjzpfwJh
usr b}uD; b%fvkyfief;uae yifpif,lawmh 1991 ckESpf yifpifvpm 6 vpm usefcJhygw,f? wu,fvdk@oGm;xkwfr,f
rSmyg? ol&wJh yifpifvpm aiG 600 &mu oHk;r avmuf awmh qdk&if axmufcHpm ,l&r,f/ aopm&if; tdrfaxmifpkpm&if;
ol @ ZeD ; pk a qmif ; xm;wJ h aiG a v;ud k t&if ; tES D ; jyK+yD ; bmnmvdktyfwmawGeJ@ rumrdvdk@ usrwdk@ nDtr awGvJ
twdk;trsm;}uD;r,lbJ ESpfOD; ESpfzuf tvkyf jzpf,Hk aps;onf 'Dtwdkif;yJ xm;vdkufygw,f? tJ'gu usrwdk@ rdom;pk &if
awGudk aiGwdk;cs&owJh? t'Dtcsdefu qefwjynfudk 25 usyf qdkifbl;wJh yifpifpm; b0awGyg? tJ'D tcsdef a&mufawmh
avmufjzpfaeyg+yD? xrif;pm;csdef {nfhonfvm&if xrif; qefwjynfawmif 500 ausmfavmuf&Sdygw,f? tar&wJh
pm;ac:zdk@ 0efrav;=uao;ygbl;? usr tzGm; tjrJajym ajym aiG 300 [m uav;rkef@zdk;omom yg yJ?
aewwfwmu urBmrSm jrefrmvlrsKd;u {nfh0wfauswJh vl
rsKd;awGwJh?
bk&m;pl;yghap
wu,ft h jzpfav;
usrtaz yifpif,lawmh 1994 ckESpfrSmyg? usr 2008 ckESpf usrwdk@ rdom;pkvdkuf ajrmuf'*Hkbufudk
ausmif;+yD;wJh ESpfrSm taz yifpif,lvdkufygw,f? tazh yifpif ajymif;a&GŒ aexdkifcJh &ygw,f? rE Wav; vrf;aps;rSm usr
aiG 600 usyfeJ@ b,fvdkrS r&yfwnfEdkifawmhygbl;? usr =uHKcJhbl;wJh ta=umif; ajymjycsifrdvdk@yg? rE Wav;vrf;xdyfrSm
vnf;usL&Sifoif/ taz vnf;usL&SifoifawmhrS ausmif; reuf 9 em&DeJ@ 10 em&D =um;qdk&if tom;cyfvwf vwf
aeqJ armifeJ@ nDr tqifajyygw,f? vufzuf&nf wcGuf t0wftpm;EGrf;yg;ayrJh oef@oef@&Sif;&Sif;eJ@ tzGm;}uD; w
udk 3 usyfavmuf jzpfae+yDqdkawmh vufzuf&nf t&rf; a,muf 'efzvm; ajymifajymifav; a&SŒcs+yD; xdkfif aeavh &Sd
}udKufwJh usr tar vufzuf&nfavsmhaomufae&yg+yD? ygw,f? wjcm;awmif;pm;olawGvdk w*sD*sDeJ@ awmif;wmrsKd;
18
r[kwfbJ +idrf+idrfoufouf xdkifaewmyg? 10 em&Dausmf qdkifrSma&mif;wJh aq;wGJyJ 0,faomufw,f? usr uGrf;,m
vm&if ppfudkif;vrf;rSm&SdwJh usr&JŒqdkifbufudk tjrJvrf; qdkifrSm rkef@oGm;w,fwkef; tzdk;eJ@awG@awmh usru tzdk;aer
avsmuf vmwwfygw,f? wcguawmh usrqdkifxJ 0ifvm aumif;bl;vm; vdk@ar;vdkufawmh tzdk;u aoG;wdk; aevdk@wJh/
+yD; rkef@[if;cg; 200 zdk; a&mif;ygvdk@ olu ajymygw,f? usr usru aq;cef;jyygvm;vdk@ajymawmh tzdk;u “aq;cef;wcg
qdkifu tvkyform;awGu wyGJ 300 a&mif;vdk@ 200 zdk;qdk&if oGm;&if aiG 1500/2000 avmuf ukef wm orD;&JŒ aoG;wdk;
ra&mif;&Jbl;vdk@ ajymygw,f? usr aps;ujyefvm wmeJ@ wdkif; aq;cef;ajy;&&if tzdk; xrif;awmif pm;&rSm r[kwf
wdk;vdk@ usru a&mif;ay; vdkufygajymrS qdkifu uav;awGu bl;wJh? yifpifpm;awG&JŒ b0 [m tawmfudk atmufus
a&mif;ay;vdkufygw,f? aemuf u s Ed k i f = uygw,f ? wa,muf x J a ewJ h tzd k ; u
olu rkef@[if;zwf rygv&J w,f/ rkef@[if;&nf ydkxhJyg xrif;vc wvudk 2 aomif; 5 axmif ay;ae&ygw,f? ac|
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wm =um+yDrdk@vdk@ tzGm;c% xdkifygvdk@ ajym+yD; ar;vdkuf 75 usyfwef aumfzDrpf udkyJ tdrfrSm 0,faomufygw,f?
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19
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20
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21
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25
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27
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30
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31
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32
zd@k trsm;}uD;aumif;wJh taetxm;ygv@kd olu ar;cGe;f xkww f ,f?
usaemfw@kd u tpd;k &&JŒ pdw"f mwf/ vky&f yfe@J usio hf ;kH r,fh pepfukd rjzpfrae taumif;qH;k jzpfz@kd jynfo@l tusK;d jynfou l ,kd f
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pepfrsK;d rxGe;f um;csi?f
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csiw f m? 'guvnf; &ife@J csp/f &ife@J jyÏmef;rSvnf; &rSm? t&mcyf odr;f udk jynfoal wG&ŒJ &ifciG x f /J &ifxu J yJ qH;k jzwfapzd@k ygy?J
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k af &;om;jcif; jzpfygonf?)
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wwfw,f? iydonfeJ@ aq;onf pufbD;wpD;qD pD;+yD; axmif0ifpm t&SmxGuf=uwmaygh?
wae@awmh q&mr=uD;u usrudk vSrf;ajym w,f? “roE WmaygiftkH;”wJh? usrvJ vef@oGm;w,f?ighudk bmrsm;
xyfaygifcdkif;rvJ rodbl;aygh? ightdrfaygifwmav; qHk; oGm; +yDyJaygh? 'gayrJh &if;ESD;aewJh q&mr=uD;udk pum;eJ@ tajz ay;
&rSmaygh? “q&mr=uD; usrrSm aygifp&m r&Sdawmhbl;? wefzdk; &Sdwmav;awGvJ ukef+yD? tdrfvJ taygifqHk;oGm;yD” qdk
awmh q&mr=uD; &,fygawmhw,f?” “usru aoG;aygif csdef wmudk ulcdkif;wm”wJh? a=omf æ æ ulnDygukd “aygif tkH;”
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apmifha&Smuf=uw,f? axmif0ifpm twGuf olwdk@wwfEkdifwmav;awG xnfhay;=uw,f? 'ga=umifh cif yGef;onfeJ@b0wl
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olawGbJr[kwfygvm; æ æ æ?
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33
vGr;f atmif
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vkyf+yD; 0ifvmwmygvJ”
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wmAsL; tar;tajzawGudk oa&mfxm;wmyg? armifpdef wuUodkvfppfppf jzpfygw,f? pmtkyfudk zwfrdwmeJ@ ig a&muf
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=um;vdkuf&awmh jrefrmjynf&JŒ tpm;xdk;r&wJh tEkynm&Sif atmif 0wˆK&JŒ t&omrysufatmif ¶dkufwwfw,fvdk@ ajym
wa,muf qHk;&_H;&jyef+yDqdk+yD; 0rf;enf;rdygw,f? ol@&JŒb0udk csifwmyg?
pma&;oltjzpfeJ@ &kyf&Sif'g¶dkufwmtjzpf qdk+yD; 2 ydkif;cGJ jyoifh
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armif0À&JŒ yef;awGeJ@a0/ vdyfjymavysHumoGm; wkef;u OD;rdk;'Du tvGwfoabmajymwmudk usr owd&
[d k r S m onf r S m em; pwJ h wuU o d k v f a emuf c H 0wÎ K awG u d k rdygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefu 'g&dkufwm armif0À&JŒ “ydk@pf armf'ef
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pGJvrf;aeygw,f? aevdkufao;w,f? usaemfu &ifwxdwfxdwfeJ@/ 'DyHkpHeJ@
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nDtpfudkawG&JŒ 0wÎKawGudk usr }udKufrdwJhtcsufwcsufu &dkufaejyefa&m? 'gayr,fh xl;qef;w,fAsm/ t¶kyfawG xGuf
olwdk@&JŒ ZmwfaumifawG[m vlawGeJ@ wu,fwlaevdk@ygyJ? w,fAsdKŒ” vdk@ tHh=ow}uD; ajymjycJhygw,f? 'ga=umifhvnf;
olwkd@ ZmwfaumifawG[m [D;&dk;awGr[kwfbl;/ t&rf; rcsrf; ydk@pfarmf'ef *rBD& ¶dkufcsufvdk@ emrnfwyfwmudk;vdk@ usr
34
awG;rdygw,f? wana02 jyvdk@ =unfh&wJh “ajcz0g;awmf EkEk” Zmwfum;yg? jrefrmhqdkif;
0dik ;f }uD;eJ@ OD;aZmfviG &f ,f/ uEGŒJ uvs vSyvGe;f wJh ¶_r0 a':pef;
“"mwfcJ” Zmwfum;[m aiGa=u;tm;jzifh t}uD; pef;at;&,f/ usr pOf;pm;rdwJhtcsufuawmh tckacwfvdk
tus,f atmifjrifwJh um;vdk@ ajym&rSmyg? tJ'DtwGuf 'g aq;a&mifpHkvnf; r[kwfygbJ/ tjzLtrnf; oufoufeJ@
&dkufwm armif0Àwa,muf 'Dy&uf&Sif &oGm;w,fvdk@ bma=umifhrsm; rsufpdxpJ GaJ eatmif/ tEkynmajrmufatmif/
ol@&JŒnD ¶kyf&Sifo¶kyfaqmif pma&;q&m tqdkawmf okarmif vSyatmif ¶dkufEkdif=uwmvJ qdkwJhtcsufyg? tJ'D Zmwfum;
u ajymcJhygw,f? [m jrefrmh Zmwfobifqdkwm bmvJ/ rif;orD;&JŒ tu
qdkwm bmvJvdk@ ajymjyaewJh odyfrrsm;wJh Zmwfum;awG
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cef@rSef;=unfhvdk@&ygw,f? 'g&dkufwm armif0À ¶dkufvdkufwJh 'g¶dkufwm armif0À&JŒnD pma&;q&mrif;vl&JŒ
Zmwfum;awG[m aiGa=u;tm;jzifh atmifjrifr_ odyfr&cJhyg ckepfpOftvGrf; 0wˆKudk toufoGif;vdkufwJh Zmwfum;u
bl;? 'gayr,fh tEkynmtm;jzifhawmh atmifjrifr_ &cJhwm awmh tu,f'rDawG woD}uD; qGwfcl;cJhwJh Zmwfum;yg?
csnf;ygyJ? tu,f'rDawGudkvnf; xkdufxkdufwefwef &cJh tJ ' D t csd e f u aq;a&mif p H k a wG pay:aeayr,f h 'D Z mwf
wmyg? um;uawmh tjzLtrnf;yJjzpfygw,f? Zmwfum;¶HkwifpOfu
vlawGawmif odyfowdrxm;rdvdkufwJh um;jzpfygw,f?
tu,f'rD r&onfhwkdifatmif tEkynmtm;jzifh 'gayr,fh tJ'D Zmwfum;xJrSmygwJh o¶kyfaqmifokarmif/
atmifjrifw,fqdkwmuawmh tEkynmudk wefzdk;jzwfEkdifol cifoef;Ekwdk@ tu,f'rD qGwfcl;cJh=uygw,f? 'g¶dkufwm
ynm&SifawGa&m/ y&dowfawGuyg todtrSwfjyK+yD;om; armif0À&JŒ 'kwd,ajrmuf tu,f'rDum;vnf; jzpfovdk
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taeeJ@vnf; Zmwfum;qk &cJhygw,f? rif;orD;opf qkv_dif
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usrwdk@ uav;omomyJ &SdygOD;r,f? 'gayr,fh vSynifom
wJ h armif 0 À&J Œ ¶d k u f c suf a wG u d k 'D a e@txd rS w f r d a eyg rif;vl&JŒ 0wˆKjzpfwJh &ifxJu aqmif;&moDudk ¶dkuf
ao;w,f? yef;awGe@J a0 oDcsif;eJ@twl tJ'Dum;xJu atmif ul;cJhwJh Zmwfum;[mvnf; tEkynmtm;jzifh atmifjrifcJh
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Zmwfum;jzpfayr,fh tJ'DZmwfum;[m jrefrmh¶kyf&Sif ordkif;
rSm csefxm;vdk@ r&wJh Zmwfum;vdk@ xifygw,f? pma&;q&m/ 'g¶dkufwm OD;om"k&JŒ rsdK;qufjzpfwJh
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atmif wGef;ydk@+yD; tu,f'rDyg wygwnf;&apwJh “uwDWygzd rsdK;qufawGudkvnf; tEkynmtarG vufqifhurf; ay;cJh
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ygbl;? tJ'Dum;udkawmh usr r=unfhzl;ygbl;? ajyZif/ OuUm/ pma&;q&mr 0gEk pwJh om"krsdK;qufawG jzpf
ygw,f?
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o¶kyfaqmifwJh yef;csD (OD;) atmifpdk;udkyg usr rsufpdxJrSm tjzpf wif¶dkufcJhygw,f? ausmf&Jatmif/ aroÍmOD;/ oufrGef
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pDaygufaewJh ae&mrSm oli,fcsif; 2 a,muf ajy;aqmhwJh *Dwavmu/ &kyf&Sifyav;buf wD;0kdif;orm;avmu aemuf
tcef;yg? cH Zmwfvrf;wyk'fjzpfygw,f?
aemufawmh jrefrmh&kyfjrifoH=um;rSm r=umc% 'DZmwfum;rSm Zmwfydk@o&kyfaqmiftjzpf yg0ifcJhwJh

35
xdkif;EkdifiHcsif;rdkif+rdKŒa&muf oD;nDtpfudkrsm;tzGJŒu vl&$if ol[m &kyf&Sifum;}uD;aygif; 20 ausmfudk ajymp
awmf =u,foD;u “bb0Àu 'DZmwfum;eJ@ ywfouf vdk@ rSwjf zpfavmufatmif ¶du k uf ;l jycJo
h l jzpfygw,f? vH;k csi;f 0wˆK
ajymcJhwm&Sdw,f? olu t&if Zmwfum;awGwkef;u y&d 20 ausmfa&;cJh+yD; olvdkudk,fvdk armif0À qdkwJh ol@jzwfoef;
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trsm;}uD; ratmifjrifayr,fh y&dowfvufcHwJh Zmwfum; xGef;0if;atmif/ ajyZif/ OuUmeJ@ ajr;av; yef;Ekwdk@ usefcJhyg
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ajym&r,fh wum;wnf;aom Zmwfum;qdk&ifvnf; rrSm;
ygbl;? “vGrf;atmif&,fwwfol” qdkwJh acgif;pOfuawmh
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36
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“rif;wdk@ *sL;r[kwfvm;” vdk@ ar;w,f? xdkoHk; a&mufaecJhw,f? vif;vif;xif;xif;}uD;qdkawmh jzwfajy;vdk@
a,mufuvnf; “r[kwfbl; ¶k&Sm;awGyJ” vdk@ ajymwmyJ? rjzpfEdkifawmhbl;aygh? *sKHcif;eJ@ opfawmuvnf; wrdkifcJG
b,favmufyJajymajym*smrefawGuem;r0ifbl;? ‘a&S@xGuf’ avmufyJ a0;awmhwm? usKyfvnf; *sKHcif;}uD;xJrSmyJ ykef;
vdk@ac:xkwfw,f? tJ'D av;a,mufcrsm oem;p&mygAsm? atmif;vJSaecJhawmhw,f? ajy;&if;v$m;&if; qm&ifpm;zdk@
*smrefawGu ypfowfvdkufvdk@ aooGm;&&Smawmhw,f? *sKHaphawGudkcl;+yD; tdwfxJudk odyfxnfhaerdw,f? tJ'Dwkef;rSm
wyfpdyfrª;uav;vnf; usKyfeJ@twl ‘ydk@Zeef’ txd twlyg yJ acG;a[mif;oHeJ@twl armfawmfqdkifu,foHawGudk =um;
vmcJhao;w,f? vrf;rSm usKyfudk wJGac:&Smyg&J@? ‘ydk@Zeef’ vdkuf&awmhwmygyJ? acG;awG usKyfteD;udka&mufvmawmh
vnf;a&mufa&m vlcsif; wuJGwjym; jzpfoGm;=uawmhw,f? usKyfESvHk;ckefoH &yfoGm;ovm; atmufarh&w,f? acgif;udk
Ð6Ð acG;udkufrcH&atmif vufeJ@tkyf+yD; ajr}uD;ay:rSmjym;jym;
“usKyfvnf; tzrf;cH&wJhae@up+yD; b,fvdkxGuf arSmuf0yfaevdkufw,f? acG;awGu usKyfudk udkufvdkufqJG
ajy;&rvJqdkwmudkyJ tcsdef&dSoa¶G@ ^m%feD^m%feufxkwf+yD; vdkuf=uwm udk,fay:u t0wftpm;awG wppDpkwfjywf+yD;
usdwf=uHpnfaecJhawmhwmyJ? 'gayr,fh usKyfuaocsmrS ajy; bmrSrusefawmhwJhtxd jzpfoGm;awmhw,f? usKyfudk *sKHcif;
csifw,f? xJu w¶GwfwdkufqJG+yD; pdwf&dSwdkif;udkuf=uw,f? acG;}uD;w
“ydk@Zeefudk oGm;wJhvrf;wav#mufvHk; usKyfwdk@[m aumifqdk&if usKyf &ifbwfeJ@vnfyif;udkvm+yD; wdk@xdwdk@xd
tusOf;pcef;awGxJrSmcsnf; aecJh=u&w,f? xGufajy;zdk@tcGifh vkyfw,f? awmfygao;&J@Asm/ rudkufvdk@?
ta&;r&cJhbl;? ydk@Zeefa&mufrSyJ tajctaeuav; ay;vm “tJ'Dwkef;rSmyJ *smrefppfom; ESpfa,muf armfawmf
vdk@usKyfvnf; vomwkef;Adkif;iifvdkufawmhw,f? qdkifu,fawGeJ@a&mufvm+yD; usKyfudk aovkarsmyg;¶dkuf=u
“arvuk e f a vmuf r S m pcef ; eJ @ rvS r f ; rurf ; u ESuf=uw,f? acG;awGudkac:+yD; tudkufcdkif;w,f? usKyfudk,f
awmtk y f u av;wck x J u d k usKyf w d k @ ud k yd k @ vd k u f w ,f ? ay:u tom;awGvnf; tydkif;ydkif; tjywfjywfeJ@ vlwudk,f
aoqHk;oGm;wJh tusOf;om;awGudk ajrjr‡Kyfzdk@usif;awGwl;& vHk; aoG;jcif;jcif;eDoGm;awmhw,f? t0wftpm;ryg aoG;oH&J
w,f ? tJ ' D w k e f ; u tusOf ; om; tawmf r sm;rsm;[m &JeJ@yJ usKyfudk pcef;jyefac:oGm;awmhw,f? pcef;udkjyefa&muf
0rf;a&m*geJ@ tawmfyJ qHk;yg;cJh=u&w,f? usKyfvnf; ydk@Zeef awmh xGufajy;r_eJ@ usKyfudkwv wdkufydwfvdkuf=uw,f?
u ¶$H@ap;awGudk wl;&if;wl;&if;eJ@ tajctaeudk tuJcwf tJovdkeJ@yJ usKyf[muHoDvdk@ raoraysmuf usefaecJhjyef
vdkufawmh tapmifhESpfa,mufu xdkif+yD;wðrHðrHpm;aomuf w,f?
aew,f? wa,mufu aepmvH_&if; tdyfidkufaew,f? 'geJ@ “tusOf;om;b0eJ@ ñuHawG@cJh&wJh tjzpfawGu
usKyfvnf; wl¶Gif;jym;uav;udk tom;cs+yD; csKHawGuG,f&if; awmh jyefrawG;csifawmhavmufatmifyJ qdk;¶Gm;vSygw,f
ta&S@buf aexGuf&mt&yfudk OD;wnf+yD; wcsKd;wnf; vpfcJh Asm? *smr%DrSm ñuHawG@cJh&wJh vlrqefwJh tjzpfawG wjcm;t
awmhw,f? usOf;pcef;awGrSm EdSyfpufcH&+yD; aoqHk;oGm;cJh=uwJh tusOf;
“tapmifhawGu ¶kwfw&ufrSmawmh owdrxm;rd om; &JabmfawG? 'Dta=umif;awGudk jyefawG;vdkufrd&if
vdkuf=ubl;? usKyfvnf; ajy;vmvdkufwm ESpfq,fhav;rdkif &ifxJem=unf;p&mawGcsnf;ygyJAsm?
avmufa0;wJhc&D;udk wae@wnf;eJ@ ajy;EdkifcJhwJh pGrf;tm;awG “tusOf;om;b0 ESpfESpfumvtwGif; EGm;armif;
b,fub,fvdk &vmovJqdkwmudkawmifrodawmhbl;? ovdk tarmif;cH&+yD; ac:&mudk vdkufcJh&w,f? tusOf;pcef;
tHha&m æ æ? wckuae aemufwckudk ajymif;a¶$@cJh&w,f? *smr%Djynf
av;&ufajrmufwJhae@ pcef;eJ@ awmfawmfa0;a0; wpf0ufavmufudk a&mufcJh&w,f xifyg&J@? ‘qufZdkeD’
a&mufawmhrSyJ jyefrdoGm;awmhw,fAsm? tJ'Dae@u reuft jynfe,fxJudk a&mufcJhw,f? ‘&m;’ e,frSmvnf; ausmuf
¶k % f w uf a vmuf u wnf ; uusKyf [ m *sKH c if ; }uD ; xJ r S m rD;aoG; wl;cJhzl;+yD? ‘bmA&D,m’ jynfe,frSmvnf; a*: jym;w
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vufe@J ac|;w'D;'D;usatmif vkycf zhJ ;l +yD? ‘ol&if*si;f ’ jynfe,f abmfawGudk jr‡KyfEHSzdk@ usKyfwdk@rSm tcsdefawmifr&cJhbl;?
rSmvnf; aecJhzl;+yD? *smreDwjynfvHk; jyJjyJpifatmif a&mufcJh tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ pcef;rSm aumvm[v owif;wck
&w,fyJqdkygawmh? xGufvmw,f? *smrefawGu ‘pwmvif *&uf’ udk odrf;
•“*smrefawGtzdk@uvnf; ae&ma'oomajymif; vdkuf+yD; ‘qdkufab;&D;,m;’ txd qufcsDwufoGm;+yDwJh? 0rf;
csif ajymif;oGm;r,f/ ¶dkufwmESufwm owfjzwfwmawGu enf;pdwfraumif;p&mawGayghAsm? wck+yD;wck qufwdkufñuH&
awmh wyHkpHwnf; wcsKd;wnf;yJ/ rajymif;vJbl;? vludk qHk&awmhwmyJ? *smrefawGu usKyfwdk@udk armfr=unfh0Hh
wd&p>mefwaumifvdk oabmxm;+yD; ¶dkufw,f/ ESufw,f? avmufatmif csKd;zJhzdEdSyfw,f? wcsufarmf=unfhrd&if usKyf
eHygwfwkwfeJ@vnf; ¶dkufcsif¶dkufr,f? oHacsmif;oHwkwfudk wdk@udk *smrefajray:rSmjr‡Kyfay;ygvdk@ ajymwmeJ@ twlwljzpfae
tvG,fwulawG@&ifvnf; awG@wmeJ@ qJG¶dkufr,f? aoewf awmhw,f? *smreftapmifh ppfom;awGu ae@&dSoa¶G@aomuf
'ifwdk@/ wkwfwdk@ qdkwmuawmh¶dk;ae+yD/ pmrzJG@avmufawmh pm;rl;¶l;+yD; oDcsif;wausmfausmfeJ@ aysmfvdk@yg;vdk@ayghAsm?
bl;? “wae@ tvkyfuae pcef;udk jyefvm=uawmh usKyf
“¶k&Sm;jzpfvdk@ ¶dkufw,f/ urBmay:rSm touf&Sifae wdk@tm;vHk; rdk;rd+yD; pdk¶J$ae=uawmhw,f? avuvnf; at;u
vdk@¶dkufw,f? olwdk@twGuf tvkyfvkyfay;vdk@ ¶dkufw,f? at;ygbdoeJ@? ajcmufaoG@wJhae&mqdkvdk@ pcef;xJrSm b,f
armf=unfhvdk@¶dkufw,f? ajcvSrf;rSm;vdk@ ¶dkufw,f? ¶dkufwmrS ae&mrSmrS &Smr&bl;? 'D=um;xJ qmvdkufwJhtjzpfuvnf;
aoG;xGufoH,dkjzpfatmif ¶dkufwm? usKyfwdk@tm;vHk;udk xnfh csufcsif; vJaoawmhrvm; atmufarh&w,f? 'gayr,fh
owfzdk@ rD;zdkawGawmif *smreDjynfrSm tvHktavmuf&dSr,f b,favmufyJqmqm naebufrSm bmrSau|;¶dk;xHk;pH r&dS
xifawmhygbl;” bl;As?
“pm;&awmhvnf; pm;&wJh tpm;tpmu wae@ “usKyfvnf; a&pdkaewJh t0wfawGudk qJGc|wf+yD;
vmvJ 'gyJ? v$pmr_ef@ w0ufygwJh aygifrkef@=urf;udk r0a&pm tdyf&may:udk ypfwifvdkufw,f? yg;pyfuvnf; ajymvdkufrd
au|;w,f? a&aEG;qdkwm wcsKd@pcef;rSm jrifawmifrjrif&bl;? w,f?
cifAsm;vnf; todygyJav? ppfrjzpfrDwkef;u udk,ftav;csdef “vlwa,mufudk ausmufusif; av;ukArDwm
aygif 190 avmuf&dScJhwJh usKyfcE<mudk,f[m ppfjzpfawmh aygif twl;cdkif;&w,fvdk@uGm? tavmif;wavmif;udk wpfukArD
110 avmufyJ&dSawmhw,f? t¶dk;ay: ta&wifyJ usefawmh wmyJwl;+yD; jr‡Kyfprf;ygOD;? ae&mydkygao;w,f” vdk@ usKyfu
w,f? tJ'D t¶dk;a*guf*ufudkawmif renf;zspfn‡pf o,fae& vnf; u¾aumpvkyf+yD; rausrcsrf;ajymypfvdkufrdw,f?
w,fAsm? usKyfwdk@ vkyfcJh&wJhtvkyf[m vSnf;qJGwJh jrif;w usKyf tJovdkajymwmudk tusOf;om;wa,mufu =um;
aumifxufawmif ydk+yD;yifyef;cJhygao;w,f? 'Dxuf ravsmhcJh awmh rsufESmvdktm;&oGm;ajymyga&mvm;?
bl;? “pcef;rSm }uD;=uyfuGyfuJaewJh pcef;rª; ‘jrL;vm;’
“'DvdkeJ@ pufwifbm vqef;xJudk a&mufvmawmh qdk *smrefaygh? t&yfjywfjywf/ wkwfwkwfcdkifcdkif? qHyif/ rsufcHk;
‘ulpx&if’ tusOf;pcef;uae ‘bD-14’ qdkwJh tusOf;pcef; rsufvHk;awGu jymESrf;ESrf;/ aAmfv*goH0J0JeJ@ ajymvdkufwJh
udk ajymif;cJh&w,f? ‘'a&'if’ òr@eJ@qdk&if wac:avmufyJ ¶k&Sm;pum;awGuvnf; aomufusKd;enf; urR0gzwfovm;
a0;awmhrSmaygh? tJ'DrSm usKyfwdk@[m ausmufwGif;wl;&w,f? atmufarh&w,f? aAmfv*grSmarG; aAmfv*grSm }uD;jyifcJha&mh
*smrefausmufawGudk vufeJ@yifyef;w}uD; xkcJGjzwfawmufcJh ovm; atmufarh&w,f? ¶k&Sm;vdk tqJuvnf; oefvdkuf
&w,f? wJhjzpfjcif;Asm? usKyfjzifhtHha&m? =ocsrdyg&J@?
“vlwa,mufudk ausmufusif; wae@ av;ukArD “olu usKyfwdk@ wJwef;vsm;awGudk aemufvdkuf
wm+yD;atmif twl;cdkif;w,f? cifAsm;yJ pOf;pm;=unfhaygh? Adkvfyg jcH&H+yD; vmppfaq;avh&dSw,f? om;a&vuftdwfudk
wae@ av;ukArDwmqdkwJh ausmufwGif;[m vlwa,muft tjrJpGyfavh&dSw,f? xdk;&if ol@vufawGrematmifqdk+yD;
wGuf enf;ovm;Asm? 'Davmuf rqef@&ifumvkyf&wm vuftdwfxJrSm cJjym;cHxm;ao;w,f? olu tJ'DvufoD;
toufeJ@udk,f b,favmuf=um=umjrJEdkifawmhrSmvJAsm? awGeJ@ tusOf;om;awG&J@ ESmacgif;udkxdk;xdk;oGm;w,f? tJ'g
“ESpfvavmuf=umawmh tusOf;pcef;rSm taot udk olu wkwfauG;umuG,faq;xdk;ay;xm;wmvdk@ ajymo
aysmuf tzdwftpifawG rsm;vmcJhw,f? 142 a,muf &dScJhwJh As? b,favmufqdk;wJhvlvJAsm? pcef;rSm wJwef;vsm;av;
usKyfw@kd vpl [
k m 57 a,mufyJ useaf wmhw,f? tvkyu f rw vHk;&dSw,f? av;vHk;pvHk;udk wae@vHk; tJovdk vdkufEdSyfpuf
&m;yifyef;wmudk;? pcef;rSm aoqHk;oGm;wJh tusOf;om;&J w,f/ wae@rrS ysub f ;l ? rppfcif wef;pDaewJh tusO;f om;awG
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&J@a&S@rSm &yfwef@+yD; ratESr &p&mr&dSatmif rdk;r$efatmif oGwfbl;awG æ? usKyf wcsufawmh a0h=unfhvdkufrdygw,f?
qJawmhwmyJ? csufcsif; AdkufxJrSm atmf*vDqefvmw,f? qmvdkufwJht
“ol tJovdkqJ&if usKyfwdk@u usdwfaysmf=uwmyJ? jzpfuvnf; 0rf;xJrSm wñuwfñuwfeJ@? 0HykavGwaumif t
olu qJ&if ¶k&Sm;vdkqJwm? pum;u odyfyDwmAs? usKyfwdk@ pmiwfaewJh twdkif;ygyJAsm?
rSm ¶k&Sm;udkjyefa&mufovdkvdk jzpfjzpfoGm;awmhw,f? tJ'gudk “pm;yJGay:rSm awG@&wJh tpm;tpmawG[m vlpm;
rsm; olod&ifawmhvm; ¶k&Sm;vdkrqJbJ *smrefvdkyJ qJawmhrSm wJh tpm;tpmawGygvm;vdk@ owd&vmw,f? 'Dvdk tpm;t
aocsmoAs? usKyfwdk@txJu tusOf;om; &Jabmfwa,muf aomufawGeJ@ uif;a0;cJhwm=um+yDrdk@ usKyfjzifh arhawmifae+yD/
uqdk&if ‘pcef;rª; ¶k&Sm;qdk&if usKyfawmhrsufpdudk tomu pdwfudk csKyfwnf;vdkufrdw,f? pm;yJGay:uae rsufESmudk
av; rdSwfxm;vdkufw,f/ ¶k&Sm;udk jyefa&mufae+yDvdk@ pdwful; cGmvdkufw,f?
,Ofjzpfvdkufw,f? udk,fh&yfudk,fh¶Gmudk jyefa&muf+yD; bD,m “usKyfa&S@wnfhwnfhrSm pcef;rª;jrL;vm;? olu t
uav; aomufae&ovdk acgif;xJ&Da0a0awmif jzpfaerd &ufenf;enf;axGae+yD? vufxJrSm ypPwdkwvufudk b,f
ao;oAs’ wJh? aumif;ao;&J@vm;? nmajymif;udkif&if; upm;aew,f? usKyfrsufESmwnfhwnfhudk
“wpfukArDwmudpPajym+yD; aemufwae@rSmyJ pcef; a¹rwaumifudk =unfhaeovdk apmifh=unfhaew,f?
rª;u usKyfudk qdkif;rqifhAHkrqifh tac:cdkif;awmhwmyJ? pum; “usKyfvnf; yJhaewJh ajczaemifhESpfckpk+yD; &yfwef@+yD;
jyefeJ@ tapmifhESpfa,muf usKyfwef;vsm;a&S@udk a&mufvm owdqJGvdkufw,f?
w,f? “usaemf qdkudkavmhyg pcef;rª;” vdk@ owif;ydk@vdkuf
“qdkudkavmhtif'a& &dSovm;” wJh? w,f? jrL;vm;u usKyfudk=unfh&if; æ
“usKyfu &dSygw,fajymawmh æ pum;jyefu æ “a=omf æ [kwfvm;/ av;ukArDwm usif;wl;&wm
usKyfwdk@eJ@ tckvdkufcJhyg? pcef;rª;u awG@csifvdk@” wJh æ? rsm;w,fvdk@ajymwm rif;vm;”
usKyfudk pcef;rª;u bmta=umif;eJ@awG@csifovJqdkwmudk “[kwfygw,f”
awmh v,fjyifrSm qifoGm;ovdk &Sif;oayghAsm? 'Dwcgjzifh “wpfukArDwmqdk&if rif;udk ajrjr‡Kyfzdk@ vHkavmufygh
igawmhudpPwHk;+yDvdk@ awG;vdkufrdw,f? usefwJh tusOf;om;&J rvm;”
abmfawGuvnf; 'DvdkyJ em;vnfvdkuf=uw,f? oluar;w,f? usKyfvnf; pdwfcsOfcsOf&dSwmeJ@
“usKyfvnf; toufjyif;jyif;¶ª+yD; olwdk@ac:&m “[kwfuJh/ avmufygw,f” vkd@ ajzvdkufw,f?
aemufudk aumufaumufyg xvdkufvmcJhawmhw,f? 0if;xJ olu xdkif&mrS rwfwwf&yfvdkufw,f?
ud k q if ; vmawmh aumif ; uif r S m =u,f u av;awG u “igrif;udk *k%fðycsifvdk@ tac:v$wfvdkufwmyguGm/
wzdwfzdwfwvufvufeJ@? =u,fawGudk igawmhoGm;+yD/ rif; rif;ajymcJhwJh pum;twGuf igrif;udk ypfowf&awmhrSmyJ?
wdk@eJ@ b,fawmhrS awG@&awmhrSm r[kwfawmhbl;/ oGm;+yDvdk@ at; æ 'gayr,fh tckavmavmq,frSmawmh 'DrSm pm;yJG
E_wfqufvdkufrdw,f? “*smrefawG&J@ &ufpufr_uawmh urf; aomufyJG vkyfaewkef;rdk@ c%aeOD;? +yD;rS 0if;xJ qif;=uwm
ukef+yD/ 'gaemufqHk;yJ tif'a&” vdk@ pdwfxJu a&¶Gwfvdkufrd ayghuGm” vdk@ qdkw,f?
w,f? ZeD;onf tD&DemeJ@ uav;awGudkawG;+yD; 0rf;enf;a=u “[kwfuJh æ óuufovkdvkyfyg” vdk@ usKyfuajym
uJGaerdw,f? 'gayr,fh usKyf[m aoumeD; aemufqHk;tcsdef vdkufw,f? olu c%&yf+yD; pOf;pm;w,f? ypPwdkaoewfudk
txd b,favmufrmausmw,fqdkwmudk 'if;wdk@jrifatmif pm;yJGay:udk ypfwifvdkufw,f? t&ufudkiJS@/ aygifrkef@udkzJh+yD;
jyvdkufr,f? aoewfajymif;0udk ppfom;yDyD &J&J0Hh0Hh &ifqdkifjy olu usKyfudk vSrf;ay;w,f?
vdkufr,fqdk+yD; pdwfudkwif;ypfvdkufw,f? “¶k&Sm;}uD;/ rif;raocif wdk@*smrefwyfrawmf}uD;
“'DvdkeJ@ pcef;rª;&J@ tcef;xJudk a&mufvmcJhw,f? atmifjrifygapvdk@ qkawmif;+yD; t&ufaomufprf;uGm” vdk@
tcef;jywif;aygufabmifay:rSm yef;tdk;awG bmawGeJ@awG@ oluqdkw,f?
vdkuf&awmh usKyfjzifh ¶k&Sm;nuvyfusaewmyJvdk@awmif “apmapmwkef;uawmh olay;wJh t&ufeJ@aygifrkef@
atmufarhvdkufrdao;w,f? pm;yJG ywfywfvnfrSm pcef;t udk,lvdkufr,f pdwful;ygao;w,f? 'gayr,fh ol@pum;udk
&m&dSawG 0dkif;xdkifae=uw,f? vlig;a,muf/ t&ufiJS@aomuf =um;&awmh em;xJcg;oGm;w,f? &ifxJvnf; ylavmifoGm;
vdkuf/ 0ufaygifajcmufudk 0g;vdkufeJ@? pm;yJGay:rSmawmh zGifh w,f? usm;om;rdk;}udK;Asm? usKyfu ¶k&Sm;/ +yD;awmh ppfom;?
xm;wJh t&ufykvif;/ aygifrkef@/ 0ufaygifajcmuf/ csOf&nf pnf &efol *smrefwyfawG atmifjrifygapvdk@ qkawmif;+yD; t&uf
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aomufay;&rwJhvm;Asm? awmufwD;awmufwJh? aemuf udk,fydkif*k%foduQmqdkwm &dSw,f? rmefrmeqdkwm &dSw,f?
usKyfqDu bmawGawmif;qdkOD;rvJ rodEdkifbl;? 'if; t&uf usKyfudk 'if;wdk@ wd&p>mefwaumifvdk oabmxm;qufqHvdk@
udk raomufbl;aygh? t&ufcGufeJ@ aygifrkef@udk pm;yJGay:rSm r&bl;qdkwm 'if;wdk@jrifap&r,fqdk+yD; rpm;bl;/ tiwfcH
jyefwifvdkufw,f? w,f?
“tckvdk {nfh0wfðyau|;arG;wmtwGuf aus;Zl; “pcef;r–;rsufESm[m av;eufwJhtoGif ay:vmwm
wifygw,f? 'gayr,fh usKyfraomufawmhygbl;” vdk@ ajym udkawG@&w,f? ol@&ifbwfay:u wHqdyf}uD;ESpfckudk qJGaph+yD;
vdkufawmh oluðyH;w,f? pm;yJGaemufuae usKyfqDudk av#mufvmw,f?
“wdk@atmifyJGtwGuf qkawmif;+yD; aomufray;Edkif “qdkudkavmh rif;[m wu,fh¶k&Sm;ppfom;yJ? ppf
bl;qdk&if rif;aozdk@twGuf &nfpl;+yD;aomufuGm” wJh? om;aumif;wa,muf yDowJhvlyJ? igvnf; ppfom;yJ? rif;
“'guawmh usKyftzdk@ bmta&;vJAsm? t¶H_;&dSwm [m igh&efoljzpfayr,fh rif;udk igav;pm;oGm;+yD/ rowfawmh
rSwfvdk@/ 'geJ@ usKyfvnf; ‘usKyfaozdk@twGuf/ *smrefawG&J@ bl;? uae@qdk wdk@*smrefwyfawG aAmfv*gudka&mufae+yD?
zdEdSyfn‡if;yef;cH&r_u vGwfajrmufzdk@twGuf’ vdk@ajym+yD; t pwmvif*&ufudk odrf;vdkuf+yD? 'g[mwdk@tzdk@ r[matmifyJG
&ufudk armhaomufcsvdkufw,f? t&ufuESpfusKdufavmuf yJ? 'ga=umifh rif;toufudk igcsrf;omay;vdkufr,f? rif;&J@
eJ@ vnfacsmif;xJudk pD;0ifoGm;awmhw,f? aygifrkef@udkawmh owWd&dSr_twGuf 'Dpm;yJGay:u pm;p&mawGudk,l+yD; wef;vsm;
a,mifvdk@rS wdk@r=unfhawmhbl;? E_wfcrf;udk tomokwf+yD; udk jyefayawmh”
“tckvdk {nfh0wfðyau|;arG;wmtwGuf aus;Zl; olu pm;yJGay:u aygifrkef@eJ@ 0ufaygifajcmufawGudk
wifygw,f? usKyfaozdk@ tqifoifhjzpfyg+yD? owfEdkifyg+yD” vdk@ usKyfqDvSrf;ay;w,f? usKyfvnf; aygifrkef@udk &ifbwfxJrSm
ajymvdkufw,f? wif;wif;ayG@+yD; 0ufaygifajcmufudk vufwzufeJ@ o,f,l
“olu usKyfudk pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf =unfhw,f? vmcJhw,f? tjzpftysufu r,Hk=unfEdkifavmufatmif jzpf
“raocif aygifrkef@wpfzJhudk pm;vdkufygOD;” aewmrdk@ usKyfvnf; tHhtm;oifh+yD; aus;Zl;pum;awmif
“usKyfu t&ufwcGufaomuf+yD;&if bmrSpm;avh rajymEdkifbl;? wHcg; aygufuae csmceJ vSnfhxGufvmcJhawmh
r&dSbl;” w,f?
“usKyfuajymawmholu wcGufxyfay;jyefw,f? “usKyf&JabmfawGqDudk 'Dtpm;tpmawG tckvdk,l
usKyf v nf ; ,l a omuf y pf v d k u f w ,f ? aygif r k e f @ ud k a wmh vmEdkifvdrfhvdk@ usKyfb,fvdkvkyf+yD; awG;rdcJhrSmvJAsm? wHk;
wdk@awmif r=unfhawmhygbl;? usKyf pdwf"gwfawG wzGm;zGm; ausmfvmcJhjyef+yDaygh? 'gudk awG;rdawmh &ifxJat;ceJ odrfhceJ
wufºuvmw,f? raocif rl;atmifaomufypfvdkufr,fvdk@ jzpfoGm;rdw,f?”
tawG;aygufvmw,f? pcef;rª;&J@ rsufvHk;tpHk[m avxJ Ð7Ð
ajrmufwufoGm;ovm; atmufarh&w,f? pcef;r–;tcef;xJu xGufvmwkef;uawmh vlurwf
“pm;yg ¶k&Sm;}uD;&J@/ &SufraeygeJ@” aewkef;ygyJ? tjyifa&mufawmh u,drf;u,dkifjzpfvmw,f?
“usKyfu t&ufwcGuf0if+yD;&if bmrSpm;avhr&dS wef;vsm;xJvnf; a&mufa&m orHwvif;ay:rSm Akef;Akef;vJ
bl;” us+yD; arhajrmoGm;awmhw,f?
“usKyfuajymawmh olu [uf[ufyufyuf&,f “arSmifvmawmh &JabmfawGu usKyfudkv_yfEdk;=u
w,f? &,f&if;vnf; ol@vlawGbufvSnfh+yD; *smrefvdkajym w,f”
w,f? usKyfajymwmudk bmomjyefjyaewmjzpfrSmaygh? usef “qdkudkavmh/ cifAsm; b,fvdkjzpfvmovJ/ ajymprf;
wJhvlawGuyg &,fw,f? xdkifcHkawGudk aemufudka¶$@+yD; usKyf ygOD;” wJh? usKyfudk wa,mufwayguf 0dkif;ar;=uw,f? usKyf
bufudk =unfhae=uw,f? olwdk@ rsufESmawG enf;enf;awmh vnf; rSwfrdoa¶G@ jzpfa=umif;ukefpif jyefajymvdkufygw,f?
ajymif;vJoGm;w,f? aysmhaysmif;wJhtoGifay:vmw,f? “'gawGudk b,fvdka0pm;&rvJ” wJh/ usKyftdyf&m
“pcef;rª;u usKyfudk wwd,ajrmuf t&ufcGufudk ab;u &Jabmfu ar;w,f? ol@toH[m wkef,ifaew,f?
iJS@ay;jyefw,f? &,f&if; ol@vufawGu wkefcgaew,f? “nDwlnDr#yJ a0ay;vdkufygAsm/ &oavmufaygh”
t&ufudk jznf;jznf;yJ usKyf,laomufvdkufw,f? aygifrkef@ vdk@ usKyfu jyefajymvdkufw,f? reufrdk;vif;wJhtxd tm;vHk;
udkawmh aoravmuf qmaeayr,fhrpm;bl;? pm;yJGay:udk xd k i f a pmif h = uw,f ? &wmav;ud k a0vd k u f a wmh vl w
jyefwifxm;vdkufw,f? usKyf[m ¶k&Sm;? ¶k&Sm;vlrsKd;rSm
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a,muf rD;jcpfwbl;pmavmuf&dSwJhtwHk;uav;awG &w,f? jynfqDudk a&mufatmif b,fvdkxGufajy;&rvJqdkwmudkyJ
0ufaygifajcmufuawmh E_wfcrf;pGwf¶HkavmufyJ &w,f? qif nwdkif;awG;aerdcJhw,f?
cHwGif; ESrf;yufoavmufayghAsm? “wreuf a0vDa0vif;rSm ‘ydkavmh’ qdkwJh òr@u
“aemufawmh usKyfwdk@txJu toefrmqHk;vl av;udk usKyfwdk@um;eJ@ xGufvmcJh=uw,f? tJ'DrSm usKyfwdk@
oHk;&mavmufudk a¶G;xkwf+yD; ajrmif;azmufajrwl;tvkyfawG ¶k&Sm;bufu tajrmufoHawGudk rar#mfvifhbJ=um;vdkuf&
cdkif;w,f? ‘aemuf&m;’ e,fbufudkydk@+yD; ausmufrD;aoG;wGif; w,f? ESpfESpftwGif; yxrqHk; =um;vdkuf&wJh tajrmufoHrdk@
awGrSm rD;aoG;twl;cdkif;w,f? tJ'DrSmyJ 1944 ckESpftxd usKyf&ifxJ b,fvdkjzpfoGm;rSef;awmif rodawmhbl;? usKyfrdef;
usKyfaecJh&w,f? *smrefawG[m tJ'DtcsdefrSmawmh usKyfwdk@ rudk yxrqHk; vlysKdvSnfhydk;yef;cJhpOfwkef;uawmif 'Davmuf
udk t&ifuavmuf qdk;qdk;0g;0g; ¶dkif;¶dkif;ysys rqufqH=u &ifrckefcJhrdbl;Asm?
awmhbl;? “wdkufyJGawGu ydkavmh ta&S@jcrf;rSm jzpfaeawmh
“wae@ usKyfwdk@udk wef;pDcdkif;+yD; pum;jyefeJ@ar; usKyfwdk@eJ@ wrdkifavmufyJ a0;awmhw,f? òr@xJu *smrefawG
w,f? rsufpdrsufESmysuf+yD; usD;vef@pmpm; jzpfae=u+yD? usKyf Adkvf
“wyfxJrSmwkef;u um;armif;cJhzl;wJh vl ygovm;/ r–;Adkuf¶J$uawmh t&ufcsnf; zdaomufaeawmhw,f? ae@cif;
yg&ifa&S@xGuf” wJh? ae@v,fbufrSm um;eJ@av#mufoGm;/ cHwyfaqmufwJh ae
usKyftygt0if um;armif;wwfwJh vlckESpfa,muf &mawGudkoGm;+yD; vdkwm!¸ef=um;/ nus&if wa,mufwnf;
a&S @ ud k x G u f v d k u f = uw,f ? usKyf w d k @ ud k t0wf t pm; t t&ufudkcsKd;uyfatmif xdkifaomufawmhwmyJAs?
a[mif;tEGrf;awG xkwfay;+yD; ‘ydk@p'ef’ udk tapmifht=uyf “'g[m usKyftzdk@ tcGifhta&;yJ/ apmifhqdkif;aevdk@
awGeJ@ vdkufydk@vdkufw,f? ydk@p'efa&mufawmh wuJGwjym;pD rjzpf a wmh b l ; vd k @ wG u f v d k u f r d w ,f ? xG u f a jy;&if v nf ;
jzpfoGm;w,f? usKyfu ‘awmh’ qdkwJht&yfrSm vrf;azmuf/ wa,mufwnf;awmh rajy;bl;? *smrefAdkvfr–;udkyg tygac:
umuG,fa&;pcef;awGaqmufwJh ae&mudk a&mufoGm;w,f? oGm;r,f? [dkrSm toHk;0ifvdrfhr,fvdk@ wGufvdkufrdw,f?
usKyftvkyfu *smreftif*sifeD,m Adkvfr–;wa,muf “tJ'Dwkef;rSmyJ taqmufttHkysufwck =um;xJu
&J@ '¶dkifbmtjzpf vkyf&wmygyJ? Adkvfr–;yHku cyfykyk/ Adkufu oHwkwfwacsmif; aumuf&w,f? ¶dkufwJhtcg aoG;rxGuf
pv,f0iftdk;? ar;aphu oHk;xyf? ol@ar;aphu tusôaumfvH atmif oHwkwfudk t0wfeJ@ uspfuspfygywfxm;vdkufw,f?
atmuftxd wJGusvdk@awmifaevdkufao;w,f? 0vdkufwJh vrf;rSm w,fvDzkef;óu;acGwacG awG@wmeJ@ aumuf,lvmcJh
tjzpfuvnf; tqDcsnf; aygifw&mavmufudk o,fae&o +yD; um;xdkifcHkatmufrSm 0Sufxm;vkdufw,f?
vm; atmufarh&w,f? vrf;av#muf&if rD;&xm;pufacgif; “*smrefawGqDu xGufajy;rvmcif ESpf&ufavmuf
}uD;vdk w¶–;¶–;w&JS&JSeJ@? xdkifvdkuf&if tqDawG tom;awGu tvdk wnaerSm um;qDjznfh+yD; jyeftvm/ eH&HudkrDS+yD; vlrSef;
tdceJzkxGufvmawmhwmyJ? yg;pyfuvnf; waeukefwjrHK@jrHK@ rodatmif rl;vJaewJh *smrefppfom; wa,mufudkawG@w,f?
0g;w,f ? vrf ; ay:ud k x G u f + yD ; 0uf t l a csmif ; eJ @ 'd e f c J u d k 'geJ@ usKyfvnf; ol@udk taqmufttHkysuf}uD; wckxJudkac:
xkwfpm;vdkuf/ t&ufudk wpGwfpGwfaomufvdkufeJ@/ pdwfvdk oGm;+yD; OD;xkyfe@J ,leDazmif;udk c|wf,lvdkufw,f? um;a&S@cef;
vuf&&dSwJhtcg usKyfudk acG;au|;ovdk ypfau|;vdkufeJ@aygh? xdkifcHkatmufrSm odrf;xm;vdkufw,f? ajy;zdk@awmh tqif
vufeJ@ ay;¶dk;xHk;pHawmh r&dSbl;As? 'gayr,fh bmyJjzpfjzpf oifhjzpfae+yDaygh?
awmfao;wmayghAsm? tusOf;pcef;rSm aecJh&wJhb0xuf “ZGefv 29 &ufae@reufrSm Adkvfr–;u usKyfudk
awmh tyHak wmfao;wmayg?h usKyfvnf; wjznf;jznf; vle@J ol ‘x¶dkeDqm’ òr@jyifwpfae&mudk um;armif;ydk@cdkif;w,f? olu
eJ@ jyefwlvm+yD; udk,ftav;csdefawmif jyefwufvmyga&mh tJ'D taqmufttHkawG&J@ wm0efcHudk;? usKyfwdk@vnf; um;
vm;? eJ@xGufvmcJh=uw,f? Adkvfr–;u aemufcef;u ZdrfeJ@rdSef;vdkuf
“usKyf[m *smrefAdkvfr–;udk ydk@p'efe@J bmvift=um; vmw,f? usKyfæ &ifxJrSm ckefvdkufwJhjzpfjcif;Asm? um;udk
oDwif;ESpfywfavmuf ulo,facgufo,f um;armif;ydk@cJh& usKyfu tjrefyJarmif;vmcJhw,f? òr@jyifudka&mufawmh
w,f? r=umcifrSmyJ ¶k&Sm;wyfawGudk umuG,fzdk@aqmufae t&dSefav#mh+yD; &yfvdkufw,f? vrf;ab;0J,m [dk[dkonfudk
wJh aqmufvkyfa&;pcef;awGrSm}uD;=uyfzdk@qdk+yD; Adkvfr–;udk =unfhvdkufawmh aemufqDu avmf&Dum;ESpfpif; cyfjznf;
a&S@wef;udk xyfydk@jyefw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm usKyf[m ntdyfzdk@ jznf;armif;vmwmudk awG@&w,f?
qdkwmudkawmif arhaecJhw,f? usKyf&JabmfawGqD/ usKyfwdkif; “usKyfvnf; oHwkwfudk qJGxkwfvdkuf+yD; um;wHcg;
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udkzGifhvdkufw,f? Adkvfr–;uawmh xdkifcHkay:rSm tuste tdyf tdwfudkvnf; wcgwnf;,loGm;” vdk@ usKyfu ajymvdkuf
vdk@? tem;rSm ol@r,m;&dSaew,fvdk@rsm; xifaea&mhovm;r w,f?
odbl;? a[mufrsm;awmif a[mufvdk@? “usKyfqDu ypPwdkaoewfvnf; olwdk@udktyfvdkuf
“'geJ@ usKyfvnf; oHwkwfeJ@ ol@em;&if;udk cyfemem ygw,f? c%=umawmh ¶k&Sm;&JabmfawG usKyfem; 0dkif;tHkvm
uav; aqmfvbef abypfvdkufw,f? ol@acgif;u &ifbwf +yD; wa,mufwrsKd; ar;=ujref;=uawmhw,f? usKyfudk au|;
ay:pdkufusoGm;awmhwmyJ? aocsmoxuf aocsmatmif =uarG;=u/ a&csKd;ay;=ueJ@ ,leDazmif;topfyg xkwfay;w,f?
aemufwcsuf xyfESufvdkufao;w,f? aoatmifawmh r naeavmufa&mufawmh wyf&if;r–;qDudk usKyfoGm;+yD; o
¶dkufygbl;? ol@udk t&Sifac:oGm;csifvdk@? olygvm&if [kdrSmt wif ; yd k @ &awmh w ,f ? a&rd k ; csKd ; +yD ;
oHk;0ifr,fav? t0wf t pm;topf e J @ qd k a wmh pd w f a &mvl y g
“ol@cg;u ypPwdkaoewfudk xkwf,l+yD; usKyftdwfxJ vef;qef;oGm;w,f?
udk xnfhvdkufw,f? ol@udk xdkifcHkrSm óu;uGif;eJ@csnf+yD; vnf “wyf&if;r–; 'kAdkvfr–;}uD;u pm;yJGuxvm+yD; usKyf
yif;udk 0dkif,móu;eJ@ rvJatmif jrJjrJwkwfxm;vdkufw,f? 'grS qDudk av#mufvmw,f? wjcm; t&m&dSawG&J@a&S@rSm usKyf
usKyfum;armif;awmh olu rvJbJ&dSaerSm? *smref,leDazmif; vufarmif;udk qkyfudkif+yD; æ
eJ@ OD;xkyfudkaumufpGyf+yD; um;udk ajr}uD;odrfhodrfhwkefcg “&Jabmf qdkudkavmh/ cifAsm; æ u|efawmfwdk@qDudk
atmif ypfcwfaewJh wkdufyJGjzpfaewJh ae&mqDudk pGwfarmif; *smrefAdkvfr–;udkyg tygzrf;ac:vmwJhtwGuf aus;Zl;trsm;
vmcJhw,f? *smrefppfom;awGu uwkwfusif;xJu xGuf }uD;wifygw,f? 'DAdkvfr–;wa,muf usKyfwdk@&vdkufwm[m
vm=uw,f? usKyfuvnf; usKyfeJ@twl *smrefAdkvfr–;ygvm *smrefppfom; vlESpfq,f zrf;rdvmwmxuf ydktusKd;&dSw,f?
w,f qdkwmudk olwdk@jrifatmif um;udk cyfjznf;jznf; t&dSef cifAsm;udk*k%fðy&r,f” vdk@ ajymw,f?
avsmharmif;vdkufw,f? “'kAdkvfr–;}uD;&J@ pum;ukd=um;&awmh usKyftawmh
“roGm;eJ@/ a&S@qufroGm;eJ@” vdk@ *smrefawGu udk pdwfv_yf&Sm;oGm;rdw,f? 'geJ@ usKyfu æ
atmf[pf+yD; vufawG &rf;=u/ wm;=uw,f? usKyfuvnf; “Adkvfr–;}uD;/ usaemhfudk ajcvsifwyf&if;wckxJrSm
em;rvnfa,mifaqmif+yD; um;ukd rD;uke, f rf;ukef armif;vm oGif;ay;yg” vdk@ ajymrdw,f?
cJhawmhw,f? 'DvdkeJ@ aoewfusnfqefawG yvlysHae+yD; zGm “'kAdkvfr–;}uD;u usKyfpum;udk =um;&awmh &,f
vef=uJaewJh =um;e,fajrxJudk a&mufvmcJhawmhw,f? w,f? usKyfycHk;udkudkif+yD; ajymw,f æ
“usKyfudk aemufu *smrefawGuypf/ a&S@u usKyf “qdkudkavmh&,f/ cifAsm;udk cifAsm; aumif;aumif;
wd k @ ¶k & S m ;wyf a wG u vnf ; oJ o J r J r J y pf e J @ ? um;rS e f u d k rS r&yfEdkifao;wm? cifAsm;udk b,fvdkvkyf+yD; ppfwdkufcdkif;vdk@
usnfqef acsmf+yD; wdkifuDudkvmrSefw,f? rvSrf;rurf;rSm jzpfOD;rSmvJ &Jabmf&? avmavmq,f cifAsm;udk aq;¶Hkwif
a&uefeJ@ awmtkyfudkawG@vdk@ um;pufudk c%&yfvdkufawmh ay;r,f? tJ'DrSm aq;0g;uko/ aumif;aumif;pm;aomuf+yD;
¶k&Sm;ppf om;awGu um;qDudk ajy;vm=uw,f? usKyfvnf; tm;arG;OD;? +yD;awmh cGifhwveJ@ tdrfudkjyef? tJ'DujyefvmrS
awm tk y f u av;xJ u d k wtm;armif ; vmcJ h w ,f ? cifAsm; b,fwyfudkoGm;&rvJ qdkwmudk pOf;pm;=uwmaygh?
um;wH c g;yG i f h o G m ; +yD ; vl v nf ; ajr}uD ; ay:rS m raumif;bl;vm;vdk@” qdkw,f?
wH k ; vH k ; vJ u soG m ;w,f ? usKyf j zif h touf a wmif r¶– “uwkwfusif;xJrSm &dSae=uwJh t&m&dS t&mcHawG
Edkifawmhygbl;? tm;vHk;yJ usKyfudk tlvd_ufonf;vd_uf w&if;wEDS;vmE_wf
“¶k&Sm;&Jabmfuav;wa,muf/ usKyfwcgrS rjrif quf=uw,f? usKyf 'Dvdk vlvlolol qufqHrcH&wm ESpfESpf
bl;wJh ,leDazgif;eJ@ usKyfqDudk tajy;a&mufvmw,f? avmuf &dSoGm;+yD? *smref t&m&dSawGeJ@ ajymqdkqufqH&
“b,fvdkvJ *smref}uD;&J@/ vrf;aysmufwJhòrifjzpfvm wdkif; acgif;udktjrJiHk@+yD; ajcokwfykqdk; a¹rpG,fusKd; aevmcJh&
ovm;” wJh/ ðyH;+yD;ar;w,f? wmudk;?
“usKyfuvnf; 0wfxm;wJh *smref,leDazmif;udk qJG “aq;¶Hkay: a&mufa&mufcsif;yJ usKyfvnf; tD&Demh
c|wfypfvkdufw,f? qDudk pmwapmif aumufa&;vdkufw,f? tzrf;cHcJh&+yD; b,f
“usKyf *smrefppfom; r[kwfbl; &Jabmf&? ¶k&Sm;ppf vdk xGufajy;vGwfajrmufvmcJhw,f qdkwmudk wdkwdkwkwf
oHk@yef;yg? aAmf¶Gefnufom; ¶k&Sm;vlrsKd;tppfyg? um;ay:u wkwfyJ a&;vdkufygw,f? 'kAdkvfr–;}uD;u *k%fðyr,fqdkwmudk
*smrefAdkvfr–;udk wyf&if;r–;qDudk ac:oGm;ayawmh? vufqJG cyfºum;ºum;av; a&;xnfhvdkufao;w,f”
42
Ð8Ð “wcgu usKyfrSm tdrfwaqmif rD;wajymif&dScJhzl;
“'DvdkeJ@ oDwif;ESpfywf[m awmifvSnfhajrmuf w,f? tESpfESpftvvu óu;pm;yrf;pm; wnfaqmufcJh&wJh
vSnfheJ@ ukefqHk;oGm;w,f? usKyfvnf; aq;¶Hkay:rSm tdyfvdkuf tdrfuav;wvHk;qdkwm &dScJhzl;w,f? tckawmh 'gawGtm;vHk;
pm;vdkufeJ@ aecJhw,f? aq;¶Hku usKyfudk*¶kpdkuf=uygw,f? [m a&yG u f y rmvd k y J rsuf p d w rd S w f / v#yf w jyuf q d k w J h
tpm;tpm au|;&ifawmif wcgau|;&if enf;enf;uav;eJ@ tcsd e f u av;twG i f ; rS m uG , f a ysmuf c J h & +yD ? usKyf o m
c%c%au|;wmrsKd;vkyfay;ygw,f? rw&m; t&rf;uma&m txD ; usef b 0/ OwvH k ; waumif º uuf b 0eJ @
w0wjyJ pm;ypfvdkuf&if ab;Oyg'fjzpfrSmpdk;vdk@ q&m0efawG avmu}uD ; tv,f r S m usef c J h wm? td y f r uf o mqd k & if
uajymw,f? b,favmufrsm; aumif;vdkufr,fh jzpfjcif;vJAsm?
“oDwif;ESpfywfu ausmfvmawmh usKyfrSm pm;csif tusOf ; pcef ; rS m aecJ h & pOf w k e f ; u
aomufcsifpdwf aysmufoGm;w,f? tdrfu bmta=umif;jyef usKyf[mntdyf&m 0ifwdkif; om;r,m;udk ig jyefvmumeD;+yD?
pmrSrvmbl;udk;As? usKyfvnf; enf;enf;awmh pdwfxifhpðy rif ; wd k @ bmrS y l r ae =ueJ @ awmh / wd k @ rd o m;pk
vmw,f? acgif;xJrSmvnf; awmifawmiftDtD awG;rdvm jyef v nf q H k p nf ; =u&awmh r ,f v d k @ pd w f xJ
w,f” tjrJtm;ay;cJh&w,f? ESpfESpfvHk;vHk; aovdk@aooGm;rSef;
“'geJ@ wwd,tywfxJ a&mufawmh pmwapmif awmif rodvdkuf&wJh om;r,m;udk usKyf&ifxJu ajymcJhwJhp
a&mufvmw,f? pmu tD&DemhqDu r[kwfbl;? tdrfeD;em; um;awG æ æ
csif; wa,mufu a&;vdkufwJhpm? tJovdk pmrsKd;udk b,fol · · · · ·
wOD;wa,mufrS r&=uygapeJ@vdk@ usKyfawmhqkawmif;rd olonf pum;udk c%r#&yfvdkufonf? aemuf csuf
w,fAsm? t[kwfygyJ? csif;yif avoHajymif;um æ
“*smrefawGu av,mOfysH puf¶Hkay:udk AHk;=uJcso “aq;vdyfudkvnf; aomufOD;av rdwfaqG&J@/ usKyf
wJh? AHk;wvHk;u usKyftdrfacgifrdk;ay: wnfhwnfhudk uscJhowJh? &ifxJrSmawmh qdk@vdkufavAsm” [kqdkonf?
AHk;=uJ+yD;vdk@ vlawG oGm;=unfhawmh tdrfxJrSm&dSae=uwJh usKyf usaemfwdk@onf aq;vdyfudk rD;nd‡IzGm¶d_ufvdkuf=u
rdef;reJ@ uav;awGudk wa,mufrS rawG@=u&awmhbl;wJh? onf? opfawmbufqDrS opfawmufiSuf aygufoH w
tdrfae&mrSm usif;ayguf}uD; waygufudkom awG@&owJhAsm? aumufaumufudk =um;&onf? avu xif;¶–;¶Gufajcmuf
“usKyfvnf; pmudk qHk;atmifawmif rzwfEdkifawmh rsm;udk w&JS&JS atmfjrnfjzwfoef;oGm;onf? jymvGifvGif
ygbl;? rsufvHk;awG jyma0+yD; bmrSrjrif&awmhbJjzpfoGm; aumif;uifjyifwGif wdrfwdkuftcsKd@ a¶G@vsm;vGifhyg;I ae=u
w,f? tm;vHk;arSmifusoGm;ovdkyJAsm? tonf;ESvHk;awG onf ? tajymus,f v S p G m aom Tavmuajrr[D o nf
uJGtufa=uðyef;&+yDayghAsm? a&mufvmawmhrnfh r[maEGOD;udk óuqdkzdk@ jyifqifaeacs+yDw
“tdyf&may:rSmvJScs&if; pmudk tm;wif;+yD; quf um;?
zwf&w,f? usKyfom;}uD; temwdkvDuawmh tJ'DtcsdefrSm ESpfa,mufom; wdwfqdwfae=uojzifh usaemfu
òr@xJudka&mufaevdk@ vGwfoGm;owJh? naeavmufrS tdrfudk pum;qufI ay;vkdufonf?
jyefa&mufawmh tdrfudk rawG@&awmhbJ AHk;usif;}uD;udkom “aemufawmh æ b,fvdkjzpfvmwkef;”
awG@&awmhw,faygh? olvnf; AHk;usif;}uD;udk=unfh+yD; tJ'Dn “aemufawmhvm;? cGifhwv,l+yD; t&yfudkjyefcJh
aerSm òr@xJudk csufcsif;jyefxGufoGm;owJh? tdrfeD;csif;w w,f? usKyftdrfae&mav;udk tvGrf;ajy oGm;=unfhcJhw,f?
a,mufudkawmh olppfxJudk 0ifoGm;+yDvdk@ ajymoGm;owJh? tdrfae&mrSm usif;}uD;udk awG@&wmayghAsm/ jrpfa&acsmif;a&
“usKyf &ifwckvHk; aomurD; [kef;[kef;awmuf awG wazG;azG;eJ@aygh/ ywfywfvnfrSmvnf; jrufyifaygif;yif
avmifcH&w,f? w&m;eJ@awmh ajzygw,f? usKyfppfxGufcg awG wa0a0eJ@/ cg;xdatmifaygufvdk@/ b,fudkyJ=unfh=unfh
eD; &xm;blwm¶HkrSm usKyfwdk@ cJGcJh=uawmh tD&Dem usKyfudk vGifwD;acgif}uD;udkyJjrifae&w,f? wdwfqdwfaevdkufyHku
zufxm;wmudk oGm;owd&rdw,f? 'Dwouf jyefqHkawG@=u vnf; ok\efwpjyifvm; atmufarh&w,f? usD;eJ@zkwfzkwf?
awmhrSm r[kwfawmhbl;qdkwmudk oluóuwifodcJhw,f? ol@ 'gawGudk =unfh+yD; y&da'0 aomurD;awG &ifxJwajrhajrh
tonf;ESvHk;u odcJhw,f? usKyfuom ol@udkrn‡mrwm avmifu|rf;cJh&w,f? tJ'DrSm wem&DavmufyJae+yD;ae@csif;yJ
wGef;ypfcJhrdwm? wyfudk jyefvmcJhawmhw,f?
“'D v d k e J @ oH k ; vavmuf = umawmh rar#mf v if h b J
43
0rf;omp&mtjzpfwckudk ñuH&w,f? wdrfndKwdrfwdkufawG u 'kAdkvfr–;}uD;u &Jabmfudk awG@csifvdk@wJh”
=um;u tvif;a&mifwpudk òy;ceJ jyufceJ awG@vdkuf&ovdk “tJovdkajym+yD; wyfcJGr–;u jywif;aygufbufudk
ygyJ? usKyfom;}uD; temwdkvDqDu owif;&wJh tjzpfygyJ? rsufESmv$JoGm;w,f? usKyf[m v#yfppfeJ@ twdk@cHvdkuf&ovkd
om;u usKyfqDudk a&S@wef;uae pma&;vdkufw,f? usKyf wudk,fvHk; usifceJjzpfoGm;w,f? wckckjzpf+yDqdkwm twwf
vdypf m tdref ;D csi;f wa,mufqu D &vd@k a&;vdu k wf mwJ/h olppf odvdkufyg+yD?
wyfxJudk0ifw,f/ ocsFmxl;c|efqkeJ@ ppfwuUodkvfudk wuf “tajrmufwyf 'kwyfr–;}uD;u usKyfqDudkvm+yD; æ
cGifh&cJh owJh/ ausmif;u *k%fxl;awGeJ@atmifcJh+yD; ausmif; “pdwfudkawmhxdef;yg &Jabmf}uD;/ &Jabmf&J@om;Adkvf
qif;awmh Adkvf}uD;tjzpfeJ@ a&S@wef;udk ydk@vdkufowJh/ tck }uD; temwdkvD[m 'Duae@yJ *smrefvufajzmifhwyfom;wOD;
trSwf (45) tajrmufwyfukd tkycf sKyfuyG u f J ae&owJ/h qkwH &J@ vufcsufeJ@ usqHk;oGm;ygw,f? tJ'g usaemfwdk@eJ@ vdkufcJhzdk@
qdyfawG vnf; ajcmuf}udrfavmuf &cJhw,fqdkyJ? vmac:wmyg” wJh?
“zatacwfu ukefcJh+yD? om;acwfudka&muf+yDaygh? “ol@pum;udk=um;awmh usKyf[m tdk;xdef;pufvdk
usKyfjzifh 0rf;om*k%f,lvdkuf&wm rajymygeJ@awmh? zatu vnfxGufoGm;w,f? vlvJusroGm;atmif tEdkifEdkifxdef;
pwl'Dabum um;}uD;wpif;eJ@ tajrmufusnfqefawGudk vdkuf&w,f? tJ'D 'kAdkvfr–;}uD;um;eJ@ vrf;toG,foG,fudk
o,f c J h & w,f ? om;utck Ad k v f } uD ; tqif h ? zath x uf jzwf+yD; vdkufygvmcJhw,f? tckxd tdyfrufvdkyJ ryD0dk;0g; xif
om;u omoGm;+yDav? aerdao;w,f?
“nnqdk&if usKyfrSm tawG;awG wavS}uD;eJ@pdwf “uwWDygteDpeJ@ tkyfxm;wJh ¶kyfuvmyfeJ@ wef;pD
ul;,Of&wmuvnf; tarmygyJ? ppf}uD;+yD;&ifom;udk tdrf vdkufydk@=uwJh &JabmfawG&J@ jrifuGif;[m usKyfpdwfxJrSm w
axmif&ufom;csay;r,f? om;eJ@ac|;reJ@twl t¶dk;xkwfae a&;a&; rSwfrdaeao;w,f?
awmhr,faygh? “om;&J@ ¶kyfuvmyfem;udk usKyf oGm;&yfrdw,f? tJ
“usKyf u vuf o rm;ynmuav; rawmuf w 'DrSm vJavsmif;aewm[m usKyfom;/ [kwfw,f/ ol[m
acgufwwfxm;awmh vuform; vkyfpm;r,f/ ajr;awG jrpf usKyfom;? ol@udk usKyf aemufqHk;jrifawG@cJh&wkef;u vlysKd
awGudk wcsDwarmif; xdef;ausmif;r,f/ tdkrif;rpGrf; t¶G,f aygufomomuav;yJ &dSao;wJhom;? ol@udk=unfhvdkuf&if
a&mufawmh 'DvdkyJvkyf&rSmyJav/ tJovdk pdwful;awG,Ofae tjrJðyH;vdk@&,fvdk@? ycHk;usOf;usOf;uav;/ vnfpvkyfuav;
cJhwm? wa&;a&;eJ@? tck jyefawG@&awmh {&mrvl}uD; jzpfae+yD? rsuf
“'gayr,fh avmurSm b,foif;rS acsmacsmarm vHk;awGu zGifhw0uf rdSwfw0ufeJ@? usKyfudkausmf+yD; ta0;w
arm&,fvdk@ tqifajy¶dk;xHk;pHu r&dSbl;r[kwfvm;? usKyf ae&mudk r_efai;=unfhaevdkufwm? E_wfcrf;axmifhauG;av;
vnf; waqmif;wGif;vHk; a&S@wef;udkyJ csDwufaecJh&w,f? u a&;a&;av;ðyH;vdk@/ olðyH;aeus tðyH;av;/ w}udrfwkef;u
om;qDudk pmjyefa&;zdk@ tcsdefr&cJhbl;? ppf}uD;vnf; +yD;umeD; usKyfodcJh&wJhom;?
+yD/ usKyfw@kd bmvifem;udk uyfrad e+yD? tJ'aD wmhryS J om;qDukd “usKyf[m om;udk 0rf;yef;wenf;zuf+yD; erf;vdkuf
pma&;jzpfawmhw,f? jzpfcsifawmh om;tzESpfa,mufvHk; w,f? +yD;awmh ab;rSm &yfaevdkufw,f?
bmvifudk ppfa=umif; wa=umif;pDcJG+yD; csDwufvmae=uwm 'kAdkvfr–;}uD;u psmyerdef@cGef; ajymw,f? om;oli,f
udk;? vlcsif;bmrS ra0;awmhbl;/ usKyfvnf; om;udk tawmf csif;awG &JabmfawGu 0rf;enf;rsuf&nfawG wokwfokwfeJ@
yJawG@csifjrifcsifaerdawmhw,f/ om;orD;aZmudk;As? aygh? usKyfrSmawmh idkvdk@r&awmhbl;/ rsuf&nfqdkwm ukefcef;
“arv 9 &ufae@rSm usKyfwdk@ ¶k&Sm;wyfawGu oGm;cJh+yDav? 'ga=umifhvnf; 'Davmuftxd &ifemae&wmyJ
*smrefeZDwyfawGudk atmifyJGcHvdkuf=uw,f? tJ'Dae@ rGef;vJG xifyg&J@? usKyfb0&J@ aemufqHk;ar#mfvifhcsuf/ aemufqHk;aysmf
ydkif;avmufrSm wyfcJGr–;u ac:w,fqdkwmeJ@ usKyfoGm;awG@cJh ¶$ifr_qdkwmawGudk *smrefajray:rSmyJ t+yD;tydkif jr‡KyfEHScJh&yg+yD?
w,f? wyfcJGr–;&J@ tcef;xJrSm usKyfrodwJh tajrmufwyfu tajrmufwyfu &JabmfawG[m olwdk@Adkvf}uD;&J@ aemufqHk;
t&m&dSwa,muf xdkifaewmudkawG@&w,f? usKyf tcef;xJ c&D;udk tajrmufawGypfazmuf+yD; *k%fðy=uav&J@?
udk 0ifvdkufwmeJ@wòyifeuf tJ'Dt&m&dS[m usKyfudk ol@t “tJ'Daemufawmh usKyfvnf; wyfudk jyefvmcJh
xufu t}uD;tuJeJ@ awG@vdkufovdk ðAef;ceJ x&yfw,f? awmhw,f”
“wyfcJGr–;u usKyfudk æ Ð9Ð
“&Jabmf qdkudkavmh æ / a[m'Du tajrmufwyf
44
“wyfudkjyefa&mufawmh usKyfvnf; [dkwkef;uvdk thHtm;oifhoGm;w,f? ol usKyfqDudk ajy;vm+yD; um;wHcg;udk
oGufoGufvufvuf zsKd;zsKd;zswfzswf r[kwfawmhbl;? r=um qJGzGifhw,f?
cif ppf}uD;+yD;oGm;vdk@ wyfawG zsufodrf;vdkuf&+yD; usKyfvnf; “usaemhfemrnfudk b,fvdkvkyf odovJ[if” wJh?
wyfxJu xGufvmcJhawmhw,f? “olu ar;w,f? rsufvHk;t0dkif;om;eJ@ usKyfudkvSrf;
“usKyf b,fudkoGm;&rvJ? aAmf¶$efnufudkvm;/ =unfhw,f? usKyfu bmajymrvJvdk@ayghav?
pOf;pm;rdw,f? tJ'Dwkef;rSmyJ ppfwyfuae roefrpGrf;jzpf+yD; “odwmayghuG/ igu bmrqdk tukefodwJhvlyJ?
aqmif;wGif;wkef;u xGufoGm;wJh usKyfrdwfaqGwa,mufudk “olu wHcg;udkzGifh+yD; usKyfab;rSm vmxdkifw,f?
oGm;owd&rdw,f? olu ‘,l&Dyifh’ rSmaew,f? olu twl 'geJ@ usKyfvnf; um;armif;xGufvmcJhawmhw,f? um;ay:
vmaezdk@ac:wmeJ@ usKyfvnf; ol@qDoGm;aecJhw,f? rSm olu +idrfcsufom;aumif;vdk@As? wcgwcg usKyfudkvSnfh
“usKyfrdwfaqG vifr,m;rSm om;axmuforD;cH u =unfhw,f? ol@rsufawmifawGu &Snfvsm;aumhysHaewmyJ?
vnf;r&dSbl;? òr@pGefrSm tdrfuav;wvHk; aqmufaew,f? olu oufjyif;wcsuf [if;ceJcsvdkufw,f? 'Dtouft¶G,f
ppfwyfu ol@udk roefrpGrf;yifpif ay;w,f? wzufu um; eJ@ oufjyif;awG bmawGawmif cs&rSef;odvdk@? tHha&m?
armif;ao;w,f? ol@aus;Zl;eJ@yJ usKyftJ'DrSm um;'¶dkifbmt “Aif,m rif;taz tckb,frSmvJ[if”
vkyf &cJhw,f? olwdk@vifr,m;u usKyfudk tdrfuav; ao; “r&dSawmhbl;? a&S@wef;rSm usoGm;+yD”
ao;wvHk; aqmufay;xm;w,f? “rifhtara&m”
“usKyfeJ@ usKyfrdwfaqGESpfa,mufom;[m òr@qif “tarvnf; ao+yD/ &xm;eJ@c&D;oGm;wkef; AHk;xdvdk@
ajczH k ; wumud k v S n f h + yD ; um;eJ @ uk e f a wG o ,f y d k @ &w,f ? rif;wdk@u b,f&xm;eJ@ jyefvmwmwkef; æ
aqmif;OD;aygufa&muf&if rsKd;oD;ESHawGudk vdkufa0ay;&w,f? “rodbl;/ rrSwfrdawmhbl;”
tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ usKyf[m om;uav;wa,muf aumuf&cJh “'gjzifh rif;rSm wjcm;nDtudk armifESra&m &dSao;
wmygyJ? tck tJ[dkrSm aqmhupm;aewJh uav;aygh? ovm;”
“um;orm;qdkwm c&D;a0;ujyefvm&if t&ifqHk; “r&dSbl;? usaemfwa,mufwnf;yJ”
uaz;qdkif wckckudkjzpfjzpf/ t&ufqdkifudkjzpfjzpf ajy;0ifwwf “nusawmha&m rif;b,frSmtdyfovJ”
=uwmyJav/ t&ufaomufwm raumif;rSef;odayr,fh “awG@&mñuH&mrSmyJ tdyfw,f”
usKyfvnf;pJGaerd+yD? 'Duav;udk uaz;qdkifem;rSm usKyfawG@cJh “usKyf&ifxJrSm wpfqdk@qdk@}uD; jzpfoGm;rdw,f? usKyf
&wm? aemufwae@vnf; awG@&jyefwmyJ? awG@pwkef;u vnf; wxdkifwnf;rSmyJ pdwfESvHk;udk 'Hk;'Hk;csqHk;jzwfvdkuf
ol@¶kyfu b,f'Dvdk[kwfrSmvJ? aywl;vefaewmyJ? rsufESmw w,f? usKyf ol@udkarG;pm;r,f? txD;usefb0eJ@ cHpm;raecsif
ckvHk; z&JoD;&nfawG/ zkefawG¶H$@awGeJ@ npfaya&aewmaygh? awmhbl;? tJovdk ydkif;jzwfvdkufawmh &ifxJ ayghyg;vef;qef;
qHyifawGuvnf; n‡if;odk;odk;eJ@ &Snfvdkufwm? rsufvHk;awG oGm;w,f? acgif;xJudk tawG;wck vufceJ 0ifvmw,f? 'geJ@
u wzsyfzsyfawmufvdk@? ¶kyf&nfoem;urm;av;qdkawmh usKyfvnf; ol@em;udk uyfoGm;+yD; æ
jrifjrifcsif;yJ usKyfvnf; oHa,mZOfjzpfoGm;rdw,f? &,f “Aif,m æ igb,folvJqdkwmudk rif;od&J@vm;
awmh&,fp&myJAs? usKyf[m tvkyfudk wGef;vkyf+yD; uaz;qdkif [if” vdk@ ar;vdkufw,f/ olu oufjyif;csw,f?
udk wcsKd;wnf; ajy;awmhwmyJ? uaz;qkdifem;rSm olu vlay; “rodbl; æ / b,folvJ”
olay; au|;or#udk pm;ae&w,fav? “ig æ ig æ æ rif;tazaygh”
“av;&uf a jrmuf w J h a e@rS m usKyf u Ed k i f i H a wmf “usKyfu ajymvdkufawmh ol[m usKyfvnfyif;udk
v,f,mwckuae um;eJ@ oD;ESHawGwif+yD; jyefvmcJhw,f? zuf+yD; usKyfyg;/ usKyfE_wfcrf;/ usKyfezl;udk w&pyferf;awmh
uaz;qd k i f e m;a&muf a wmh um;ud k & yf v d k u f w ,f ? ol u wmyJ?
jrufcif;jyifay:rSm ajcESpfacsmif;udkvdrf+yD; xdkifaew,f? ol@ “taz&,f usaemf xifawmhxifom;yJ/ taz us
=unfh&wm tawmfqmavmifaewJhyHkyJ? usKyfu um;wHcg; aemfhudk wae@&SmawG@vdrfhr,fvdk@? tazeJ@ jyefawG@zdk@ usaemf
xJuae acgif;jyL+yD; æ æ t=um}uD; apmifhcJh&ygw,f taz&,f” wJh
“a[h æ Aif,m/ vma[h/ um;ay:wuf/ *dkaxmif “ol[m usKyftem;udk wdk;oxuf wdk;uyfvm
udk oGm;=u&atmif tjyefrS npmpm;=u&atmif” vdk@ w,f? ol@wukd,fvHk;u ewfusovdk ,drf;xdk;aew,f? usKyf
ajymvdkufw,f? usKyfac:oHudk =um;&awmh oltawmfyJ rsufvHk;awGvnf; a00g;vmw,f? vlvnf; wkef,ifaerd
45
w,f? um;udk b,fvdkarmif;vmovJ qdkwmudkawmif owd aewJh &moD}uD;rSm uav;udk 'Dabmif;bDp txl}uD;udk 0wf
rxm;rdawmhbl;? um;udk csKdifhxJwae&mrSm xdk;cs+yD; pufudk ay;&r,fvdk@” vdk@ ajymw,f?
&yfvdkufw,f? rsufpdxJrSm bmrS rjrif&awmhbJudk;? quf “aemuf bmrS r=umvdkufygbl;/ tyfcsKyfpuf wvHk;
armif;&ifvnf; wa,mufa,mufudk 0ifwkdufrdawmhrSm udkxkwf+yD; jyifzsufcsKyfvdkufwm Aif,mzdk@ csnfabmif;bDw
taotcsmyJ? xnfeJ@ &SyftusôtjzLwxnf &vmygava&mAsm?
“um;udk watmifhavmuf &yfxm;vdkufw,f? “usKyfu Aif,meJ@ twltdyfw,f? tJ'Dnu usKyf
Aif,mu usKyfudkzufvdk@/ pum;vnf; rajymEdkifbl;? ol@w b0rSm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif; yxrqHk;t}udrf tjzpf ESpfESpf
udk,fvHk;vnf; wkefvdk@? usKyfvnf; ol@udk vufwzufuayG@ òcuf ò cuf } uD ; td y f v d k u f & wJ h n ygyJ ? 'gawmif av;}ud r f
&if; usefwzufeJ@ um;udk armif;+yD; jyefvmcJhw,f? *dkaxmif avmuf Edk;cJhao;w,f? olu usKyfvufarmif;ay:rSmtdyfvdk@/
udk ra&mufawmhygbl;? tdrfwHpuf+rdwfatmufrSm tdyfaewJh pmuav;waumif us
“tdrf0if;wHcg;a&S@rSm um;udk&yf+yD; Aif,mudkayG@ aewmyJ? toufudk jyif;jyif;¶–vdk@? usKyf&ifxJrSm b,f
&if; tdrfxJudk 0ifvmcJhw,f? olu rkwfqdwfusifpG,fawG avmuftxd yDwdjzpf&ovJqdkwm ajymawmif rajymwwf
xdk;xdk;axmifaxmifjzpfaewJh usKyfar;ay:rSm rsufESmudkuyf awmhygbl;? olEdk;rSm pdk;wmeJ@ usKyfrSm wkwfwkwfrS rv_yf&
vdk@? usKyf ol@udkayG@csD+yD; tdrfxJudk0ifvmawmh usKyfrdwfaqG bl;? rD;jcpf+yD; ol@udkx=unfh &wmuvnf; tarmygbJ?
ZeD;armifESH ESpfa,mufvHk;udk awG@&w,f? “reufrdk;rS rvif;ao;bl;/ usKyfvnf; touf¶–
“usKyfvnf; 0rf;omtm;&eJ@ æ usyf+yD; tdyf&muEdk;vmw,f? Aif,mrSm apmifuwjcm;/ vl
“a[m'DrSmAsKd@/ usKyfom;uav;udk jyefawG@vmcJh u wjcm;/ ajcaxmufawGu usKyfvnfyif;rSmcGvdk@/ ttdyf
w,fAs/ =unfh=uygOD;” vdk@ ajymvdkufw,f? qdk;vdkufwmAsm/ 'gayr,fh =umawmhvnf; ¶dk;oGm;&wmyJaygh?
“olwdk@rSm om;orD;r&dSawmh uav;udk olwdk@vdk oltdyfwmudk=unfh+yD; usKyfESvHk;om;awGvnf; El;nHhaysmh
csifae=uw,f? usKyfuvnf; tem;urcGmEdkifbl;? Aif,mh aysmif;vmw,f? aomu'%fcsufawGa=umifh usKyftonf;
vufawGudk qyfjymeJ@aq;ay;+yD; pm;yJGrSm txdkifcdkif;&w,f? ESvHk;[m ausmufpdkifausmufcJvdk rmausmcufxefaecJhwm
usKyfrdwfaqG&J@ rdef;ru ol@udkpGyfðywfyef;uefvmcsay;w,f? =umcJh+yDav?
ol tirf;r& pm;aomufaewmudk=unfh+yD; usKyfrdwfaqG “tpwkef;uawmh usKyfvnf;ol@udk um;wpD;eJ@
rdef;rcrsm rsuf&nfus&Smw,f? rD;zdkem;rSmoGm;+yD; idkw,f? oGm;av&mudk waumufaumuf ac:oGm;cJhw,f? aemuf
'gudk Aif,mu jrifawmh oGm;ar;oAs? awmhvnf; 'g[m r[kwfao;bl;vdk@ jrifvmw,f? usKyfvdk
“tefwD/ bmjzpfvdk@ idkwmvJ[if/ usaemfeJ@ taz ppfom;wa,muftzdk@u aygifrkef@wcsyf/ =uufoGefwwufeJ@
jyefawG@vdk@ aysmfae=uwm? tefwDu bmvdk@idkwmvJ[if” qm;wwdk@ enf;enf;&dSae&if waeukefaevdk@ bmta&;vJ/
vdk@ oluoGm;ar;awmh [dkwa,mufrSm idkcsif&ufvufwdk@ ol@tzdk@urvG,fbl;av? EGm;Edk@wdk@/ =uufOðywfwdk@ vdkvm
jzpfoGm;awmhwmaygh? w,f? ylylaEG;aEG; pm;&rSvnf; aumif;rSmaygh? 'gayr,fh udk,fh
“npm pm;+yD;awmh usKyf ol@udk qHyifn‡yfqdkifac: tvkyfudk rvkyfjyef&ifvnf; rjzpfacsao;bl;ayghAsm?
oGm;w,f? tdrfrSm a&rdk;csKd;ay;+yD; tdyf&mcif; oef@oef@jyef@ “'geJ@ usKyfvnf; ol@udk rdwfaqG&J@ ZeD;qDrSmyJ tyf
jyef@ay:rSm ol@udkodyfw,f? Aif,mu usKyfudkzuf+yD; usKyf&if xm;cJh&awmhw,f? xm;cJhjyefawmhvnf; oluwaeukefidk
cGifxJrSmyJ tdyfaysmfoGm;w,f? w,f? naea&muf&if usKyf&dS&m *dkaxmifudk ajy;vm+yD; tJ'D
“oltdyfaysmfawmh ol@udk tdyf&may:rSm tomcs rSm nOfheufoef;acgif tcsdeftxd xdkifapmifhaeawmhwmyJ?
xm;cJh+yD; *dkaxmifrSm oD;ESHawGoGm;csw,f? um;udk yef;jcHem; oleJ@ aepuawmh usKyfrSm tawmfyJ pdwfroufrom jzpfcJh&
rSm &yfxm;cJh+yD; aps;bufudk av#mufvmcJhw,f? Aif,mzdk@ w,f?
ouUvyfabmif;bD&Snf wxnf/ &Syftusôwxnf/ ¶–;zdeyfw “wae@ tvkyfuae armarmeJ@ usKyfjyefvm+yD;
&He@J OD;xkyfwvHk; 0,fvmcJhw,f? 'gayr,fh usKyf0,fvmcJhwm tdyf&m apmapm0ifcJhw,f? cgwdkif;qdk&if pmuav; waumif
awGu oleJ@ rawmfwa&mfjzpfaew,f? trsKd;tpm;uvnf; usaewmyJ/ wDwDwmwmeJ@ ajymvdkufwJhpum;? tJ'Dae@u
nHhayhqdkwmawG jzpfaew,f? usKyfrdwfaqG&J@ rdef;ru ouU awmh xl;xl;jcm;jcm; +idrfcsufom;aumif;vdk@As? 'geJ@ usKyfu
vyfabmif;bDudk =unfh+yD; æ “bmpOf;pm;aewmvJ om;&J@” vdk@ ar;awmh olu
“&SifpdwfawG [kwfrS[kwfao;&J@vm;/ 'Davmufyl rsufESm=uufudkarmf=unfh+yD; usKyfudk ar;cGef;xkwfoAs?
46
“taz/ tazh om;a&ukwftusô}uD;a&m[if” wJh? xG u f v mcJ h r d r S m trS e f y gyJ ? usKyf [ m wae&mwnf ; rS m
“usKyfb0rSm om;a&ukwftusôqdkwm b,fwkef; =um=umaevd k @ r&bl ; Asm? 'gayr,f h Aif , muvnf ;
urS tdyfrufxJrSmawmif &SdcJhzl;wm r[kwfbl;/ a*smufus tck}uD;vm+yD/ ausmif;xm;&r,fht¶G,f a&mufvm+yD? wae
oGm;wmaygh/ 'geJ@ =uHzefajz&awmhwmaygh? &mrSm tajcwusaerS jzpfawmhr,f? tckavmavmq,frSm
“aAmf¶GefnufrSm arhusefcJhw,f om;&J@” awmh usKyfwdk@om;tz[m ¶k&Sm;wjynfvHk;udk rarmEdkif ryef;
“taz/ om;udk t=um}uD;&SmcJh&ovm;” wJh/ ar; Edkif av#mufoGm;ae=uwkef;”
jyefw,f? “Aif,ma&m rarmao;bl;vm;”
“&SmcJh&wmaygh om;&,f/ taz om;udk *smreDrSm usaemfu ar;vdkufonf?
vnf; &SmcJh&w,f/ ydkvefrSma&m/ bdkifvdk¶k&Sm;rSma&m/ ,l&Dyifh “olu b,farmrSmvJAsm/ vrf;rS qif;rav#muf
rSma&m/ pHkvdk@om;a&/ &SmcJh&wm? wm æ/ wcsdefvHk; ukef;ydk;vdkufvmwmudk;As/ ajcvufanmif;
“,l&Dyifhu *smreDeJ@ eD;ovm;/ om;wdk@tdrfu nmrS vlay:uqif;+yD; vrf;av#mufoAs? qdwfaygufp
aAmf¶GefnufeJ@ ta0;}uD;rSmvm;” wJh? waumif v d k ck e f a yguf aqmh u pm;awmh w myJ / 'gu t
“ar;vdkufwJh pum;awG æ? tdyfaysmfoGm;awmh rSyJ a=umif;r[kwfygbl;av æ æ? jy\emu usKyfESvHk;om;ygy?J
&yfawmhw,f? tckxd &ifxJrSm '%f&m'%fcsufawGu rajycsifao;bl;/
“om;a&ukwftusôudk ar;wm[m ta=umif;rJh ajyaysmufzdk@awmh aumif;yg+yD? wcgwcg a0'emcHpm;&&if
oufoufar;wmvdk@rsm; cifAsm;xifaeovm;/ ta=umif;&Sd bmvkyfvdk@ bmudkif&aumif;rSefawmif rodawmhbl;? tdyfae
vdk@ar;wmAs odvm;? ol@zcif&if;rSm wcsdefu tJovdkukwf &if; zsKd;ceJzswfceJ rawmfwq aooGm;rSmudk usKyfjzifh odyf
tusô &SdcJhzl;wmudk;As? tJ'gudk owd&vdk@ar;wm/ uav;&J@ a=umufwmyJ? Aif,mhtwGuf aemufqHwif;rdvdk@yg?
rSwf^m%fqdkwm aEGtcg v#yfpD;vufovdk wcgwcg òy;ceJ “aemufwck ñuH&wmu nwdkif;eD;yg; rufaewJh
jyufceJ vif;vufvmwwfw,fAs? aemufrS wc%twGif; td y f r uf a wG y gyJ ? uG , f v G e f o l Z eD ; eJ @ orD ; uav;awG u d k
aysmufuG,foGm;wwfwm? tdyfruftjrJrufw,f? trsm;tm;jzifh olwdk@om;trdwawG
“wESpfavmufyJ xifyg&J@/ ,l&DyifhrSmyJ usKyfwdk@aecJh u oHql;óu;&J@ tjyifbufrSm&dSaewwf+yD; usKyfu ql;óu;&J@
=uao;w,f? Edk0ifbmvxJ a&mufawmh usKyfvnf;um; twGif;bufrSm &dSaewwfw,f? usKyfu olwdk@udk pum;awG
wdkufr_wck jzpfoGm;cJhw,f? awm¶Gmw¶GmudktoGm; ¶$H@xJAGuf ajymvdk@wJh? oHql;óu;udk ausmfwufr,fvkyfvdkuf&if olwdk@
xJudk um;jzwfarmif;vmcJhwm? um;bD;acsmf+yD; EGm;rw wawGu aysmufoGm;wwf=uw,f?
aumifudk oGm;wdkufrdyga&mvm;? ¶GmxJu rdef;rwodkufu “'Dae&mrSm &,fp&mwck awG@&ao;w,f? ae@cif;
uufuufvef &efawG@vdkuf =uwmAsm æ/ rajymygeJ@awmh? ae@v,frSmawG@&if usKyfyHku rwkefrv_yfeJ@? rma&a=uma&yHk
teD;tem;u vlawGyg0dkif;vmw,f? r=umygbl;/ ,mOfxdef;&J pH/ oufjyif;csoHawmif =um;&rSm r[kwfbl;? tJ æ nwa&;
a&mufvmw,f? usKyfvnf; &Sdcdk;OD;wif awmif;yefygao; Edk;vdk@ =unfhvdkufr,fqdk&ifawmh usKyfacgif;tHk;rSm rsuf&nf
w,f/ r&bl;/ vdkifpifudk odrf;oGm;yga&mAsm? awGu &p&mr&Sdatmif ¶$JepfaewwfoAsm”
“EGm;ruawmh bmrS [kww f yd wfwd jzpfvu kd yf rkH &yg Ð 10 Ð
bl;? c%=umawmh tomx+yD; t+rD;uav;weef@eef@e@J vrf; jrpfbufqDu avSmfwufcwfoHESifhtwl usaemfh
ay:rSm uqkefaygufajy;oGm;av&J@/ usKyfrSmom vdkifpifqHk; rdwfaqG. toHudk=um;&onf? ppfjyef&Jabmf}uD;ESifh usaemf
oGm;cJh&wm? onf ,ckawmh rdwfaqG&if;csmrsm;ozG,fjzpfIaeyg+yD? olu
“usKyfvnf; waqmif;vHk;vHk; a,mifajcmufq,f usaemfhxHodk@ ol@vufrsm;udk urf;vmonf?
jzpfoGm;w,f? aemufawmh wyfxJwkef;u &Jabmfa[mif; ol@vufawGu }uD;}uD;rm;rm;/ opfom;wkH; wwHk;
wa,mufeJ@ tquftoG,f&w,f? oluvnf; um;armif; vdk rmausmjrJjrHvSonf?
w,f? tJ'D&Jabmfu vSrf;ac:w,f? wESpfwcgavmufvm “oGm;OD;r,f rdwfaqG}uD;a& æ ? E_wfqufygw,f
ae+yD; tvkyfvkyfvSnfhyg? r=umcif vdkifpifvnf;&r,fvdk@ Asm æ æ ? uHaumif;ygap”
qdkw,f? 'ga=umifholaewJh ‘um&Sm&D’ udk usKyfwdk@tck “at;Asm/ cifAsm;vnf; uHaumif;ygap? ‘um&Sm&D’
xGufvmcJhwm? udk oGm;wJhc&D;vrf;vnf; acsmarmajzmifhjzL;ygapvdk@ qk
“um;wdkufr_ rjzpfcJh&ifvnf; ,l&Dyifhuae usKyf
47
awmif;vdkufyg&J@”
“aus;Zl;wifygw,fAsm? a[h æ om; vmav/ avS ay:udk wufuGm/ oGm;=u&atmif”
Aif,mu ol@qDudk ajy;vmonf? ol@tusôtpGef;udk qJGum ajcvSrf;ao;ao;uav;jzifh ol@tyg;rS vdkufygoGm;
onf?
wG,f&mrJholESpfOD; æ æ ? }uD;rm;a=umufrufzG,f aumif;vSonfh ppfqdkonfh rkefwdkif;'%fa=umifh tpdwfpdwft
r$mr$m uJGjyef@vGifhpOfoGm;cJh&onfh Tvlom;ESpfOD;?
olwdk@ESpfOD;. tem*wfa&S@a&;onf rnfodk@&Sdvdrfh rnfenf;? Tr# ¶dkufcsKd;zsufqD;I r&Edkifavmufatmif
cdkifusnfaom vlom;wOD;. pdwf"gwfonf aemifwGifvnf; r,drf;r,dkif ausmufpmwdkif}uD;uJhodk@ rm;rm;rwfrwf wnf&Sd
aeEdkifygOD;rnfvm;?
Tuav;i,fonfvnf; }uD;jyif;t¶G,fa&mufI vlvm;ajrmufvmaomtcg 'kuQokuQ[lor#udk cHpm;Edkifol/
tcuftcJudk =uHh=uhHcH&if; atmifjrifausmfv$m;Edkifol/ wdkif; usKd;jynfusKd;udk o,fydk;Edkifol jzpfvmEdkifygOD;rnfvm;?
jzpfvmEdkifvdrfhrnf[kyif usaemf,Hk=unfvdkufprf;csifygbd awmhonf?
olwdk@ xGufoGm;onfudk=unfh+yD; usaemfhrSm0rf; enf;a=uuJGI aerdawmhonf? Aif,mtwGuf omI pdwfr
aumif;jzpfrdonf? enf;enf;oGm;vdkuf/ jyef=unfhvdkufESifh vufuav;udk a0S@um,rf;um æ æ ? usaemfh&ifxJwGif wpfqdk@qdk@
jzpfvmonf? csufcsif; rsufESmudk v$Jvdkuf&onf?
“ppfumvwGif vlawGum; tae@ae@tnn ylaqG; idkaºu;=u&avonf? ta&;t}uD;qHk;rSm uav;i,f rsm;.
Eke,faom ESvHk;om;wGif temw& rjzpfapzdk@ESifh vl}uD;rsm;. yg;jyifrS ajcmufaoG@aeaom rsuf&nfpudk rjrif rawG@apa&;yif
jzpfacsonf wum; æ æ ? ?
vif;a0+rdKif
ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ
tm[m&jrwfEdk;olrsm;twGuf
tm[m& (tcrJ)h pmapmifukd *syefjynfwiG ;f / jynfy&Sd atmufaz: jyyg pmay0goemwl csprf w d af qGrsm;xHrS &,lrmS
=um;Edkifygonf? *syefjynftwGif;ESifh e,fpyfa'orsm;twGuf tcrJhjzef@csdaeygonf?
zHG@+zdK;+yD; wdkif;EdkifiHrsm;rS tm[m&pmapmif tm; rSm,lvdkygu atmufaz: jyyg zkef;eHygwfrsm;rSaomf‚/ tD;ar;vf
jzifhaomf‚ wHqdyfacgif;zdk; ay;ydk@I rSm,lEdkifyg+yD?
ÐtdEdN,EdkifiH (e,l;a'vD)-- udk&J&ifhatmif (91-92-1330-3335)e-mail : yeyintaung@gmail.com
Ðxdkif;EdkifiH (rJaqmuf+rdK@)-- udkvGrf;%D (66-8-4547-4295) e-mail : mglwanni@gmail.com
ÐpuFmylEdkifiH----------- udkbkef;rif;ZGef (65-9831-8474) e-mail : phoneminzune@gmail.com
Ðudk;&D;,m;EdkifiH--------- udk&efEdkifxGef; (82-11-9723-4773)e-mail : yannainghtun@yahoo.com
Ðatmfpa=w;vs -------- F cifarmifaxG; (61-421-245-452) e-mail : fkmhtwe@hotmail.com
Ðtar&duefjynfaxmifp-k -- q&marmifpdk;csdef/
(zdk@wf0def;+rdK@ ) q&mra':ZifZif (1-260-745-7458) e-mail : zinzinjp2003@yahoo.com
Ðtar&duefjynfaxmifp-k -- udkausmf0if; e-mail : ukyaw1809@yahoo.com
(z&D;armifh)
Ð*syef (em*dk,m)-------- udk0if;xGef;oef; (080-5105-5004) e-mail : winht16@hotmail.com
48
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yJa=umf¶¶G &G +yD

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aps;E_ e f ; csd K ompG m
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trSwfpOf-119 Zefe0g&D -2011

2010 rS 2011 æ ESpfopfokd@ul;ajymif;cJhjyefyg+yD? w+ydKifeufwnf;rSmbJ ESpfwESpf. yxrqHk;vjzpfonfh ZEM0g&Dv

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