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PASS PROGRAM CLUES AND OTHER GOOD STUFF AKA (P.P. CLUES) The subjects are purposely not in order so that random quizzing is a snap (besides, it would have been too time consuming and too much work to categorize it all). Mnemonics came from many sources (thank you, Dr. Chavis) in addition to those from Dr. Francis. Please remember that I had made these sheets for myself only (a one page hand written sheet from an unknown person started this), to help make learning easier for me. You may want to edit, add, delete, etc. for which there is a little space between headings. If these clue sheets make life a bit easier for you, great! Use them, enjoy them and KNOW them. (1 alert for someting LL, ML= Leset Likely, More Likely S.Heart Block 1@ LowComplement Drug induced SLE Drugs that blast BM Lyme az Chiamyia Goyodlob.(ouas) —“Hytralazne AZT Salmonella Typhi Shigella Inuenza. Isoniazid Benzene (Campylobacter (Typhoid) Yersinia Adenovins Procainamide Chiorarmpheriool Listeria Chagas D2. Crohns Mycoplasma Peniclamine —Vinbastine H.Pybor (wnipple's) It. BowelDs. Hap. Phenytoin Legionelia. ev Ethosinimide Corynebactr. Dophthera (© 5 vaccuttises = Chinese ‘28800, w. SBE) letters Ciara labia = crescent shaped protazoa *6.Low Complem assoc, B Pais \Neptvotic Syndromes. induce P-450 P-450 Dependent Pyrazinamide (Vasculitis) Greeotivn = INH Warfarin Rifampin ‘Serum sickness Carbamazepine Dapsone Estrogen Ethambutol PSGN Rifampin Spronolactones ——_Phenytoin Ironia SLE ‘Alcohol Macrolides ‘Theophytine ‘Streptomycin SBE Barbiurates Amiodarone Digoxin ‘Cryoglbulinemia Tetacycine Cimetidine MPN I Sufa drugs Ketoconazole Quinine uinoiones Neutroghit deficiency 660 (Chronic Granuiomatous D2) 4LHormones with —-Hookworms sdeulide bonds Nocatur Americaris Prolactin Enterobise Vermiculrs Side Effects of Painful genital Lesions Ini ‘Ankylostoma Duodenale Statin Herpes Insulin Trchurs Tchurium Myositis CChancroid (Hemephius ducreyi) Growl Hormone Ascaris Lumbricoides Hepatns Lymphogranuioma inguinale Strongyloides * Liver ene, inked enzyme screen Newborns Action of Steroids szMonooytoss ‘eficiencies (=XC) KilsT-cols & Eosiophils ‘Saimonela(Typhok) 6-6-0 (= Mc) (GAH (Congen. Adrenal Innit Mo migration we (CGD (NADPH dete.) Hyperplasia) Inhibits Phospholipase A BV Pyruvate DH deficiency ——_—Blotdnase def {otis mast cell degranu. Usteria Fabrys Galactoseria ‘Stablizes(ighten) endothelum Syphilis Hunters Hypotnyroidsm ‘Simul of cel pr, synthesss Lesh-Nyhan (re ust. AR) E.cobis MCC of Qne Dose Txfor "Big Mama” Anaerobes “Bia Mama Rx Low Vol state ‘Abdominal abscess Shlamydia ‘Strep. Bove ‘Gindamyein (serum) Ascending cholangits ——_Azitwomycin Bacteroides Frags Meanidazole. K+ ‘Appendiotis Clostridium melanogo- _Cefoxtin Ne - pont. bact. pertonis ‘septious ao =f ur pH ot Cholecystitis ee ‘One Dose Tx for 2 Psammoma Bodies \Urease +ve bacteria 4 indlatlons for PUD suraery ‘Sonormnea (Calofied CA's) Proteus-struvtestones(#0%) _Intractable pain Geftrisxone Papi. CA of thyroid Pseudomonas Hemormhage (massive) Cetixime ‘Serous cystadenoma Ureaplasma urealyicum ‘Obstruction (f-scating) Cefoxtin of ovary Nocardia species Perforation Ofloxacin Meningioma Cryptococeus neoformans Ciproioxacin. Mesathesoma Helicobacter pyr Gatitoxacn (Proteus = swarming mosity) -MOC.of any ..penia Drugs oz. Myositis 1, Viral igh fever Rifampin 2 Drugs tetestinal fee NH Rose spots rash Predrisone Statins L r ia(Gv) Jones Criteria noni ‘Risk factor for t* Liver GA Saimonela (Rheum. Fever) Neoplasms (hepatoma) Strep pneu (Greve)xC! Polyartiis Allergies/Asthma Hepatitis B, ¢ Enythema marginatum ‘Addison's D2, ‘Afatoxin ‘Carats olagen Vase. Oz ‘Vinyl Choride Chorea Parasites EIOH Scnodules ‘Carbon Tetractloride ‘aie dyes ‘Smoking Hemoctromatosis Benzene ‘Schistosomiasl mansoni Live Vaccines ‘gANeohropathies Aoimmune Autoimmune Measles Henoch-SchoenlenP. ‘Hemolvic Anemia ‘Thrompcoviopenia Mumps Berger's Pru ‘ASA Rubeta ‘Aott's Cephalosporins Heparin Oral Poo (Sabin) cemottyidopa Quine Rotavius # ‘Small Pox ace Yellow Fever Varicea Sulfonamides Legonetia Suifonyres peaks in2d PPeumooyts carn Celebrex ~Celecoxtb = COX2 ‘gone in? d Hyon. spect Bartonella henselae ymph nods) (Vion Ratecox = COX2 apie; CKMB —appearsinh(Gh) Candida (Yeast) has NO sulfa. NO sua allergies) peaksin 12h (12h gone in2d (24h) LDH ~appearsin24n (1 4) ‘oh peaksin4h (20) Pyremethamine/Suiladazine gonein72h (3d) “Tamethoprim/Sufamethoxazole Deugs cz Pum. Fibrosis = M2 defiieney ‘SIE of Loops and ‘The only 3 pansvetoo M's Bleomycin Chediak Higashi ‘Thazides: MR } Ton ei Busulfan NADPH-oxdase def. _‘Hypersiyceria veo J oninepi. ‘Amiodarone Hyperutceria TR ‘Fon ins. Tocainide Inypovolemia hypokalemia Moin vaiousSesues Palms & Soles very restrictive lana dz rain = microgka "TSS (Tox. Shock Syndr) and low volume state tang = ‘preumocytes type 1 RMSF (Rocky Min. Spot. Fever) “Tachypnea Liver = Kupfer cots Coxsackie A (Hand Foot & Mouth Dz) ico; Spleen = RES cells Kawasaki 402 Kidney = mesangial cots Scarlet Fever TpH Lymphinodes dente cals ‘Syphilis kin = Langerhans cots ‘$855 (Staph, Scald. Skin Syndr.) - Exon Bone = osteoclasts (<10%= Streptobacilus monformis (Rat be fever - Havel form) cr = istooytes sian cols epiolid cols Land B cel deficiency 1 cAMP ~ symp.. CRH (cortsol) WAS (WiskAldSyn.)- Thrombocytopenia, IL-4, In, cGMP — parasymp. Eczema, IgM, — (GE?) 2. IPYOAG ——NT, GHRH, all ypothal orm. sciD ~ Frameshifinonsense mutation, 7X6 CRH, smooth muse by contraction ‘Adenosine deaminase deficiency: 3, Ca:Calmodulin - smooth muse. contr by dstent. ‘TB, bact & fungal infections 4 Ca"= Gastin evo ~ late onset, frameshitvmissense mut 5. Tyrosine kinase ~ nsuln, al GP's ‘Tyrosine kinase deficiency 8. NO- Nitrates, Viagra, ANP, LPS HIV,HTLV — — T9B, CDé ric Brain, Testis, Cervix, blood vessels {ETC poisons IC chem. uncouplers 4 sources of aci= Renal Complex | — Amytal, Rotenane NP 4 Complex = Malonate Free Fatty Acids 2 trea cycle Complex I —Antmycin D 3, colectng ducts Complex IV. =CN-, C0, Chloramphenicol Aspirin (a physical un 4 gutaminase Complex V- —Oigomycin ‘couper) (Que Dose Te Hemophius ducreyi — Aditromyein 1 gr po ‘Gonorhea 3 cophalosporns Cetriaxone 250 mgim ‘Ceftriaxone 250-mg im Cchiamydia = Raitromycin 1 gr, po. Cetrime 400mg po Candidiasis = Ketoconazole 150mg Cofoxitn 400 'mgpo = 1 pil Ditucan = LQuinolones: = Metronidazole 2 9° Ofexacin 400mg po = Metronidazole 2g¢ Gatfoxacn 400mg im Cproiexacin 500 ma po Tobbrkdn dvconen. 4 enz, fo 2enz Pulmonary Disease Phosphoryase (P) ‘Ghycogen synthase Obstuctve: * pO;, Nor t pCOs, pH Debranching enz Branching enz vs 1 8-Ghicesdase Restate: + pO, £ pCO,, tpH Phosphatase (Giyosy transferase) (Obst. Lung Ds» Resp. acidosis) of T i 4 Pyruvate = Gy, Ala, Ser “Oxidation TNADH — 21 ATP ‘Acetyl CoA Me POTT (Phe, to, Tr, Ty) + Lys, Lou Hydration eke = Sh, Gin Onidation TFADH ~ 14ATP. SuccinylCoA = Trios BAcCoA ~_96ATP Fumarate . T3t ATP-2 Oraloacotste tobring tin leuromuscuiar Disease Concept 4 H's produced by small cell CA Miewses sect o7 CA $02, 4 pCO.] = restiotve ‘ACTH. Paplioma virus TRR, TpH [blood gases ‘ADH EBV. te PTH Hive | Wer PCWP (oe press. prob) TSH Hef ca (ANP) HV ‘Audloimmmune antivodies ‘LNeptuotc Pater with Vassilis rt-emith _ ot in font ofrenal artery > Renal artery stenosis ant-cardokpin -| se ot off whole ren.art > Renal Faire ‘an-double sanded DNA — ielamed glomerut = GN ant-hietone dig induced SLE clot in papi > Papilary necrosis antitopoisomerase PSS (Progr Syst Sclerosic) ot off media Intersil nephritis ani-TSH receptors © — Graves lot off pieces of nephron > Focal Segmental GN, ant-centromere = Rest HIV, drug use assoc. ‘ant-GBM = Goodpasture's lot offois of neptrone > Rapidly Progress, GN (edsay. abs to T. IV colagen” (HMscrescent formn) antimitochonchia 4 blary chose. ‘anthai folcle = alopecia areata MC nephrotic ds in aduts —. Membranous GN antelg Rheumatoid Artis IMC renal ds in Blacks/Hispanies Focal Segment ani-myoin ceptors — MS. TMC ronal mass = cyst ant-gladengisten” Colao Sprue ‘Me malign. renal tumor = adenocarcinoma in asus ‘ant-sltcellrecept. DM Type! ‘Me magn. renal tumor = Wns tumor in children ‘ant-melanocyte = Vieigo ‘ant ACH recept ~ MG MCC leading to RPGN = Goodpasture’s ant-siboruclear prin — Mixed CT dz (MCT) [MC nephrotic dsin ids = Min. 4 Ds, 2wks post URI ant-parietal coll recept. — Pemicious anemia (ed say: abs to ininsc factor” ant-epidermal anchoring Protein receptors — Pemphigus vuigars (+ Nikolsky) Hed say: abs to interceluar jets. ‘of epermal ces 7 ‘anté-epierinal Br prin — Blows pemphigotd, IgG sub ‘epidermal bisters, ral, et) ant platelet - TP ‘Thrombolvics & Inhibitors Hed say ab'sto gycopr Iba” "1PAZ0mgiv push, 40mg drip — Aminocaproi acd ‘anféthyrogobin —\ Hashimoto's Streptokinase “Aminocapoie acid ‘ant-microsomal Warfarin = Vitamin K \ = Scleroderma Heparin = Protamin Sufate 1 Urokinase used oniy for feed- V = Siogren's ing tubes, fistas, etc 1 — Wegener's (Aminocaproe acd = APCAC) Streptok= 750K iv push and then 750K dip) = Polyarteiis nodosa, assoc.w Hep 8 ag, gh alopecia areata patch of hair alopecia totals — one head bald ‘alopecia univereale — entire body haless PIE_synd ‘Necator Americanus ‘scart Lumbrcoides ‘Schistosomiasis, Strongyloides ‘Ankylostoma duodenale ‘Aayime on Predrisone for> 7 days => Immunocompromised ‘Zenzumes.used by 8.12 tochondialinertanes Homocystine metiy ansferase NO male tansmision. Mott malong mutase ALL pass ton moan to oseudomnanas ‘sz ofyidened $2 ‘S.cavtes of ood oss: andstaphints (G02, *voln vente) Pescarum Bum patents * bod wanstsion tracracial oN oe = ging 02 Medastnur (Gr +e, BM supp; om “Ride fare Pleural cavty Smple anaerobes: Neutoperic is = Bregnaney Co) Thighs 4 cz of anaphase, “cover efor St ures ctrng wk ly fide Retopertoneum intra eps, = covet 2 for puso. ater 2™ wk ASD ‘Abdominal (big) Nonspeci rashes: deep breating Pelvs(= deep) Ashaptens sez hemalyie anemia, rots ite _Neaave-svanded RNA Postive-sranded RNA Granuioma Protromal peed before Symptoms win {week or les Wieur symptoms = 1 wks Xe Hanta Fistula ‘le must sch to postive Ebola ore-ve Transmual sanded before reptcaton Yotow fever J sanded Shp lesions ‘They dort have to swteh to postive before repieatng Mc cyanotic heat dz uo Traepos. of peat a's Iypalaionia 1 Hypeaieria ‘Tetrof Fat boot shape Hypermagnesemia hypomagnesemia ‘nous Aterosue Hyperesiemia 1 hypocalcemia Tiewspid Avesa (earn) ‘oe aun) Total Anomalous Pulm Veno. Ret. Hypematersia 1 typonabemia ‘ho HypopiasteL heart syndrome Estos Anomaly — aso. w. Lithiur/mom ‘ore ates Pulmonary aesia TPB ~ Thiamin—Bt Bruors Agammagobul Bites Agama ‘Scabies poi Ae B8 {26D (NADPH det) (rosie kin de.) Lichen planus CoA" Pantothenic aid -B5 Duchenne ‘SCID Tealloveiap Urticaria FAD — Ribofavn= 82 Cole bindness WAS / Teal ovetap Dermatia NAD — Niacin = 83 ese0 (OVID (Common herpettois (LANF) Hemophiia Varatie mm. Det, LesehNyhan Tyrosine Kinase Vi eis Picket (6 = XO) detcieney) Leukemia Lymphomas -Job-Buckley Syndrome / cell overlap Ranson's Citra of ate pancreatitis arkers/Onco Z tve } el cal ung CA ‘Atadmission; Glucose > 200 -nye J’ promyelocytic leukemia Age. 55 (Gurkt'symphoma) LOH > 350 Nemye — ‘Neuroblastoma’ ast > 250 ‘Small col lung CA wec = > 16,000 cab ‘CML, ALL emyb = colon CA, AML Atlessthan 48s: Caium <8 mall ose — osteosarcoma, gfoma, Hetdop of > 10% fibrosarcoma Oo < 80 (Pao) c-erb 82 ~ epiderm. Grown Base defct > 4 factors receptors BUN > Smid) csr-1— breast ‘Sequestation> 6 e1b-62 — breast CA, ovarian, gastic medul. CA of tyro fet = MEN, Papilary carcinoma (CA: Grade = seveity of micoscopic changes Kiras~ ung CA Stage = degree of cseminaton of tumor Colon CA (wat te surgeon sees) bel2 = Burke, Foltcule ymphoma; eh — Retinoblastoma Hormones produced by place Plocapine hee oF Mevonidazole Inhibin Glaucoma (paint, Claitiromycin Human Placental Lactogen (HPL) red, teary eye) Zndeficiency ‘Oxytocin (érg lactation pt land prod. it also) Progesterone Estrogen ashes associated wih Cancer cara rome: Unicare = any CA, esp. ymphoma Fushing do: measure serotonin (S-HIAA) (ives) Wheezing ‘comes fom t. Pancreas Paget's Ds — intraductal CA Diarthea Zileum {Uibers around nipples) ‘Seborheic Keratosie~colon CA or HIV if (wary wars) sudden 7 in lw. aging AVMs ‘Actinic keratosis ~ squam.cellCA of skin Heart — machinery murmur (ay scaly plaques on sur-exp. skin) bow fistula from dalyss in renal disease Dermatomyostis~ colon CA ‘Abdomen, Brain ~ Von Hippet Lindau (olacious helitrapic rash, malar area) cot off with cols ‘Akanthosisrigicans ~ any visceral CA ‘ned. of Renal CeB.CA (dark ines in skinfolds) end-organ damage {(chvom. 3) Eryfiema nodosum — anybing granulomatous Lungs — Osler Weber-Rendu Syndrome (ant, aspact ofegs, NOT assoc. w, bacteria fender nodules) HOLcanies -VLDLeamies (DL canes LDhearies Lear 4100 54100 5-100 E E E cu cu cn ‘Apo L-CAT = Lectin Choleterl Acety|Transferase CChylomicrons take T's from Glto: a) ver (25%) 4 cholesterol= LOL. b) endothelium (75%) Rashes Erythema marginatum — ite red spots with bright red margins, sandpapery, RF — Jones Cetera Erythema chronicum migrans Lyme Disease, Target lesions (Bulseye) Measles ~ morbirform rash, preceded by cough, conjunctivitis Roseola ~ fever 2, stop, rach pops up = only rash AFTER fever (@HHV 6) Erythema nodosum ant. aspect fle, redness, tender nodules Enfhema muliforme — red maces, target lesions, allergy, viruses, severe =Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis mid "= MCC =". vs, 2. drug (Sulfa) ‘mad. — Stevens-lohnean Syndrome severe — Tost epidermal necro, skin peels off Sebortheic dermaitis — scaly skin with oly shine on haitine Seborrheic keratosis — stuck on wart ~ dt aging Peoviass ~ HLAB 27, extensor surfaces, sivery white plaques, scaly skin, pted nals Varicella Zoster stages - red macules, papules, vesicles, pustuies, then scabsidifstages at same te(*HHV 3) Dermatis herpetiformis — rachblsters on ant. thigh, assoc. w.lrthea dt Celiac Sprue fare up “Typhoid fever (Salmonella) — Rose spots assoc. wih intestinal re" Detmatomyosits ~ heltropic rash Enysipelas — reddened area on skin with raced borders; does not blanch Tinea cuts — redness, ey groin Pityriasis rosea — herald patch; dry skin patches that folow skin nes, (HAV 7) Tinea versicolor — hypopigmented macules on upper back in°V" patter (upside-down Christmas tree): Tx=Griseofuvin Scabies — near excoriatons on bel ine and fnger webs, etc Tegel deficiency Te Lindane, or Permethrin ‘BiGeorge's (hypokalemia, 3.84. pharynge- ‘al pouch, deletion of com. 22) HIV (also ol but less so) 104 Mycosis Fungoides a fungus! itis 2 cet hmphoma. Lupoprotein transports -Hemophiusinfuenza ‘Chylomiorons = takes TG's rom Gl to Wver + endothefum Pleomorphic’ Gr -ve rods VLDL" —takes TG's from lver to adipose “School of fh? DL — takes TG's from adipose to tssue Hf Type A = 80% LDL only one to carry cholesterol ‘non encapsulated ws T's ~xantholasma ~ eyekds-brows, noninvasive; 2. MCC of. sinusite 3s Cholesterol — xanthoma ~ ebows cits wut. = is the ony one made in the fuer bronchitis TDL+LDL = ave Break down procicts of VLDL Twe8=20% ‘encapsulated — Polyibosy| Phosphate in capsule, igaProtease invasive ds — #1 cz of EPIGLOTTIIS. Stor, fever, thumb sign (X-ray) = 2 months Group B Step (agalactiae) ‘Strep. preumo vaccine is given at2, 4, 6 months. Covers Ecol 2B srans (= 96% of cases) Listeria ‘2mo~10years ~ S. pneumoniae Indications for pneumococcal vaccine: Neeser meninges ‘Anyone > 65 yo {adolescent yrs on) ‘Anyone splenectomized (Sickle cel) t0ys—21 yrs — Neisseria meningiides ‘Anyone with end-organ damage ~ CF, RF, Nephrotic Syn. >2iyears old — 8. pneumoniae ‘Strep_pvogenes ‘Staphylococeus Rusty colored sputum = = MCC af al throat infections ‘St aureus — gold pigment ‘Strep. pneumoniae = 2. MCC of allskin infections (xc5, ‘St epidermidis — white pigment {pneumococeus) where itis # 1) ‘St saprophyicus — no pigment Infections Hepats B: Skin ifecione say Staph, aureus be ag Hb ag +, ‘Acute, rent infection ‘Throat infections — say Step. pyogenes Hbc ag +, Hbs ag*, Hbc ab + = Acute, recent infection ‘Sma itestine Infections ~ say &. coh Hbs ag + only Recent immurizaton (within past 2 weeks) He ab + only = Recent immunization, two ‘Wooks later can be ‘vaccination immunity from long age ‘Nevttonhl deficiency Hc ab +, Hbs ab +, Hbs ag- = Had disease, now immune (1g) ‘Job-Buckley Syndr. IL-4, Hyper I, (also T, B cell deficiency) red Hos ag + for> 6 mo. headed, farcompleion female) (wor without Hs ab +) = Chron carter state NADPH oxidase defe. (CGD) Hbe ag + = Infectious state Neutropenia He ab > “None infectious state Myeloperoxidase RECOVERED tram Hop B, have a NEGATIVE Hs ag fest fa CHRONIC CARRIER, have a POSITIVE Hs 29 test \Window period buids HBe abs, gM HBc abs; HBS ag dsappears Tewbaton 4-28 whe, aver. =8 Ace deease «= 4~12wks Convalescence = 4—20 wks Recovery = years wy MC inte = ow Normal DC 4 count: 800 — 1200 (len: upto 1500) MCC ofdeath = = POP + 500 - begin resting wih 2 nucleotide inhibitors pat ~ ‘gusta marker and 1 protease inhibitor (chien: at 750) GP 120 = attachmentto CD4 —_< 200 —is AIDS. Now teat also for PCP Pot = integration += 100 now algo teat for MAC Reverse ransciptase ~ transcription P17,p2¢anigens — assembly ‘Aulozomal Dominant ‘Autosomal Recessive ‘Mitochondrial Inhertance ‘Alfects males and females ‘rattusu. does not affect parents Affects CNS, hea, skel. mus, Manifest in heterozygote state but sbingsluncle may show the ds. = dt uneven cytokinesis during Both parents can ranem# disease Onset often earn He Imeloais or oogenesis New mation often in germ colle of ‘Complete penetrance usual ALL offspring are affected ‘older fathers ‘Ase almost ALL inbom errors of ALL 9 will pass on disease ‘Often delayed onset Huntington's) ‘metaboksm. NO ¢ transmission Can get reduced penetrance Results only when BOTH alleles Canbe expressed diferent inindviduals at alocus are mutant variable xpress Childhood diagnosis ‘Adult clagnosis Horizontal Tm Vertical tm Phys. Malformation uncommon Physical malformation common ‘Enzyme defect ‘Structural defect Vitamins Bt — Thiamine, Ber Bei, B2— Riboflavin, Angular stomatis 83 Niacin, 4 D's B4— Lipoic acid 5 — Pantothenic acid 6 — Pyridoxine Sz, ‘S.Shin nf, Strep = #4, Giaph=#2 = XC) [Necrotzngfascits Impetigo (NOT bulous) _Lymphangis EtOH B12 ~ Cyanocabalamine-»Pemic. ‘anemia, neuropathy (Staph, epi = #1 for shunts & Cental ines. Staph. aurous = # 1 for regular peripheral ines)

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