ADOPTION

INTRODUCTION

The term adoption is employed to an act of affiliation by the virtue

which a child is removed from the biological parents and is placed in the adoptive
family. Then the adoptive parents become responsible for his care and welfare.
Adoption establishes the legal relationship of child between persons who are not so
related by birth, with the same rights and obligations that exists between children and
their biologic parents.

DEFINITION

“Adoption is an essentially a social process by which the reciprocal need of childless

parents and an orphan (or parent-deprived) child is satisfied”.

Legally it may be defined as “Transfer of rights and responsibilities concerning the

child from biological or birth parents to the adoptive parents irrevocably”.
IAP
WHY ADOPTION?

The most common reason for adoption is “a variable alternative means for
attaining parenthood by a childless couple.
Other reasons could be eagerness of couple to provide home to a
homeless child, a non curable genetic disorders in couple’s biologic child, a desire for
a child of the other sex, advanced age of the mother/parents, desertion by one parent,
death of a parent, birth of an unwanted child (handicapped child).

TYPES OF ADOPTION

AGENCY ADOPTION

It can be public or private, for profit or non profit. Costs of the agency adoption
vary; however, public agency adoptions are usually expensive or free.

INDEPENDENT ADOPTION OR PRIVATE ADOPTION

It is usually accomplished through individuals such as physicians, attorneys or social

workers.

INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION

Internationally adopted children may have incomplete information about health and
medical and medical histories. Because of their diverse origins, unknown
backgrounds before adoption and the inadequacy of health care in many developing
countries, these children may be at risk for medical problems.

TRANRACIAL ADOPTION
CLOSED ADOPTION

OPEN ADOPTION

OTHERS