A COMPLETE MATHS PROGRAMME A C O M P L E T E M AT H S P R O G R A M M E

FOR PRIMARY SCHOOLS F O R P R I M A RY S C H O O L S

P L A N E T M AT H S 4 TH C L A S S
Planet Maths incorporates the best methodology for teaching mathematics and
problem solving, with new features such as Real Life Maths sections, integrated
digital resources and differentiated material to motivate every child.

4
Main features include:

Real Life Maths visible throughout the series

th
Problem Solving units and emphasis on pair and group work

Digital Activities for classroom use

Differentiation catered for all levels of ability

Self Assessment incorporating traffic light system

Curriculum Objectives listed in pupil book

This programme reflects the latest teaching methods in Primary and Post Primary education.

Also available for this programme:

• Satellite activity books to complement each title
• Updateable Teachers Resource Books
• A range of classroom ancillary material

• Teacher’s eBooks and integrated digital resources on www.folensonline.ie

folensonline.ie

Liam
Gaynor
A COMPLETE MATHS PROGRAMME
FOR PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Liam Gaynor
Author: Liam Gaynor
Editor: Donna Garvin
Design: Liz White Designs
Layout: Niamh Carey, Liz White Designs
Illustrators: Brian Fitzgerald, Maria Murray
Photographs: Alamy, Thinkstock, iStock, Dreamstime

ISBN: 978-1-84741-783-1

© 2011 Liam Gaynor

First published in 2011 by: Folens Publishers,
Hibernian Industrial Estate, Greenhills Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24.

The paper used in this book is sourced from managed forests.

Folens books are protected by international copyright laws. All rights

reserved. The copyright of all materials in this book, except where
otherwise stated, remains the property of the author(s). No part of
this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any means (stencilling, photocopying,
etc.) for whatever purpose, even purely educational, without the
prior written permission of the publisher. The publisher reserves the
right to change, without notice, at any time the specification of this
product. The publisher has made every effort to contact copyright
holders but if any have been overlooked we will be pleased to
make any necessary arrangements. To the best of the publisher’s
knowledge, information in this book was correct at the time of going
to press. No responsibility can be accepted for any errors.
 Introduction for Parents and Teachers iii

Planet Maths is a series of Maths textbooks, activity books and corresponding teacher’s manuals for Junior Infants to 6th Class. It is
in line with the Revised Primary Curriculum and has been written by primary school teachers. Curriculum Strands, Strand Units and
Objectives are detailed throughout.
Planet Maths has been designed to provide students with challenging activities and enjoyable mathematical experiences to help them
become confident mathematicians. Pupils using Planet Maths will experience mathematical learning through the following approach:
• Learning the new maths skills associated with a topic with the aid of explanation boxes and/or worked examples that introduce
each new concept or operation;
• Practising and reinforcing new skills through drills and repetition, while also providing as much variety and stimulation as possible;
• Exploring and applying their skills in ‘real life’ contexts and situations that are relevant, fun and stimulating to young minds.

‘Real life’ themed maths features

There are seven two-page ‘real life’ themed maths features spread throughout the 3rd to 6th Class textbooks. They are designed to
bring Maths to life, making it more engaging for students by enabling them to use their skills in contexts that are refreshing, relevant
and interesting to them. Each ‘real life’ feature uses the skills and knowledge that pupils have acquired in the preceding units.  

Warm-Up Activities
A warm-up activity appears at the beginning of every new topic along with the instruction, ‘Listen to your teacher’. These game-like
activities open each unit of the senior textbooks and are led by the teacher with directions from the accompanying teacher’s manual.
Because they are conducted at the start of each unit, these activities provide a mental warm-up for students, preparing them to learn
by focusing their attention on the teacher. Warm-up activities are based on the concepts and operations relevant to the topic.

Pair and Group Work

The series recognises the value of collaborative learning and ample opportunities are provided throughout the textbooks for both pair
work and group work. Maths puzzles suited to pairs, straightforward group activities and oral activities such as ‘pretend you are the
teacher’ are used in the series.

Differentiation
To promote ease of differentiation, a red line appears beside a selection of problems and sums in the 3rd to 6th Class textbooks that
could prove more challenging for many pupils. Additionally, the 3rd to 6th Class textbooks contain Challenge Yourself problems
designed to provide early finishers with extra stimulus and reward, and to assist with differentiation.

Self-Assessment
Self-assessment is strong feature of the series. Pupils are encouraged to rate their own performance and understanding of a topic
through the use of a traffic light system at the end of every page in each topic. Students can assess their performance at the end – red
for difficultly, amber for improvement and green for full understanding.

Check Up Activities
Each topic unit concludes with a page of concise check up activities designed to reinforce learning. Check ups include oral,
operational, problem-solving and shared activities based on the topic at hand. Oral activities reinforce communicating and
expressing as a mathematical skill, and vocabulary-based exercises assess the pupil’s understanding of the mathematical language
used in the unit.

Mental Maths
Seven dedicated Mental Maths units are placed strategically throughout the 3rd to 6th Class textbooks, with each one including a
Multiple Choice component. Each section in Mental Maths contains a score box for pupils to rate their performance. This will
encourage them to collaborate in their own progress and to recognise areas where more effort and assistance is needed. 
The Teacher’s Manual accompanying this textbook includes:
• A guide providing comprehensive suggestions on how to make the best use of this series.
• Oral and mental maths activity suggestions.
• Maths language relevant to each topic.
• Suggestions for using concrete materials and manipulatives.
• Photocopiable activities for differentiation and extension exercises.
• Photocopiable templates for practice and repetition of fundamental concepts.
• Answers.
• Assessment sheets.
• Individual student profile sheets.
• Class record sheets.
The activity books in the series contain supplementary and differentiation activities. Interactive activities for this series can also be
found at: www.folensonline.ie.
iv Contents
Revision...........................................................5 Mental Maths 4...........................................102

1 Place Value.............................................8 17 Division 2...........................................104

2 Addition................................................13 18 Decimals 2..........................................109

3 Time.....................................................18 19 Weight................................................114

4 Lines and Angles...................................23 20 2D Shapes..........................................119

The Game Show............................................28 Parade Day..................................................124

Mental Maths 1.............................................30 Mental Maths 5...........................................126

5 Subtraction...........................................32 21 Patterns...............................................128

6 Fractions...............................................37 22 Length and Perimeter..........................133

7 Graphs..................................................42 23 Area....................................................138

8 Multiplication........................................47 24 Time 2................................................143

Pirate Graveyard............................................52 Sporting Maths!...........................................148

Mental Maths 2.............................................54 Mental Maths 6...........................................150

9 Division................................................56 25 Operations..........................................152

10 Decimal Numbers.................................61 26 Capacity..............................................157

11 Money..................................................66 27 Problem Solving..................................162

12 Symmetry..............................................71 28 3D Shapes..........................................167

Christmaths Shopping....................................76 Star Cinema Treats.......................................172

Mental Maths 3.............................................78 Mental Maths 7...........................................174

13 Length...................................................80 29 Number Sentences..............................176

14 Long Multiplication...............................85 30 Problem Solving 2...............................181

15 Fractions 2............................................90 Revision.......................................................186

16 Chance.................................................95 Glossary.......................................................189

Lord Voldemath’s Lab..................................100 Tables..........................................................192

 Revision 5

A Warm-up. Listen to your teacher. Toys and Travel.

B Travel Reduce
1. For how many nights does the
holiday in the Canaries last?
2. By how much money is the trip
to New York reduced?
3. By how much is the trip to the Canaries reduced?
4. How much cheaper is the Canaries holiday than the New York trip?
5. The Canaries holiday lasts longer than the New York holiday but it
is cheaper. Why do you think this is? Which would you prefer?
6. How many days are there in September?

C Toys
1. What is the most expensive item in the shop window?
2. What is the cheapest item in the shop window?
3. Which item is reduced by €6?
4. Which item is reduced by €1.99?
5. By how much is the camera reduced?
6. By how much is the Jack-in-the-Box reduced?
7. By how much is the skipping rope reduced?
8. How much for the kite and the camera?
9. What change would you get from €10 if you bought the skipping rope?
10. Which 3 items could you buy for €30?
11. By how much is the aeroplane dearer than the Jack-in-the-Box?
12. Can you find two items that would cost €11.99?
Revision Strand Number
Objectives

Strand Unit All

6 Revision
A Add and subtract
1. (a) HTU (b) HTU (c) HTU (d) HTU (e) HTU (f) HTU
13 336 29 4 215 420
37 41 237 147 309 236
+ 81 +127 +419 +618 +145 +125

2. (a) HTU (b) HTU (c) HTU (d) HTU (e) HTU (f) HTU
65 288 675 781 390 604
– 23 – 197 – 216 – 426 – 112 – 286

B Multiply and divide

1. (a) 60 (b) 80 (c) 70 (d) 90 (e) 50 (f) 40
x 4 x 7 x 5 x 3 x 9 x 6

2. (a) 16 (b) 24 (c) 39 (d) 42 (e) 68 (f) 83

x 8 x 7 x 6 x 9 x 4 x 5

3. (a) 3 93 (b) 5 90 (c) 2 94 (d) 4 76 (e) 6 96 (f) 7 98

4. (a) 2 91 (b) 3 88 (c) 4 99 (d) 5 87 (e) 6 92 (f) 5 99

C Answer the questions.

1. What time does each clock face show?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

2. Write each of these as minutes: Example: 1 hour 20 minutes = 80 minutes.

(a) 1 hour 10 minutes (b) 1 hour 50 minutes (c) 1 hour 30 minutes
1
(d) 1 hour 45 minutes (e) 1 hour 59 minutes (f) 1 4 hours
3. Draw clocks with hands showing:
(a) 14 to 6 (b) 14 past 8 (c) 25 to 11

Revision Strand Number

Objectives

Strand Unit All

 Revision 7
A 1. Match the unit with the picture. One is done for you.

50km 6hrs
€85 2cm
2¬
5 00
g 5kg
88c s
250m¬ 30min

Dublin-Wicklow = Lunch Break

2. Match the shape with the name. Which shapes are 3D?

hexagon square
triangle
cylinder
rectangle
pyramid
circle
cuboid
cone
sphere prism cube

B This graph shows the time it takes 5 children to come to school.

1. It takes Tess 15 minutes to come to school. = 5 minutes
How long does it take each other child?
2. Which child takes longest to come to
school? Does this mean that this child
lives farthest from the school?
3. How much longer does it take Zelda than
Tess to come to school?
4. Dan calls for Cleo on his way to school
every morning. How long does it take
Dan to reach Cleo’s house? Tess Dan Cleo Sam Zelda
5. It takes each child a few minutes longer to get home from school every day. Why might
this be so?
6. How long does it take you to come to school?
7. Ask 4 people in your class how long it takes them to come to school. Ask them to round
their answers to the nearest 5 minutes. Draw a graph. Include yourself in the graph.
Revision Strand Number
Objectives

Strand Unit All

8 Place Value l is
learn all
to
1 My
goa
ut th
ousands
.
abo

A Listen to your teacher. Notation Board.

Th H T U

4,527
Th H T U

B 1. What number is shown in each picture?

C 1. Which is greater?
(a) 2 thousands or 8 hundreds? (b) 4 hundreds or 9 tens?
(c) 2 tens or 5 units? (d) 4 hundreds or 4 units?
(e) 5 thousands or 6 tens? (f) 7 hundreds or 7 tens?
(g) 1 thousand or 11 hundreds? (h) 2 tens or 23 units?
(i) 2 hundreds or 20 tens?
2. How many units in: (a) 2 tens? (b) 2 hundreds? (c) 2 thousands?
3. How many tens in: (a) 3 hundreds? (b) 5 hundreds? (c) 1 thousand?
4. How many hundreds in: (a) 5 thousands? (b) 7 thousands? (c) 9 thousands?
401: Explore and identify place value in whole numbers, Strand Number
Objectives

0-9999. Strand Unit Place Value

 Topic 1: Place Value 9
A Place value
1. Write each number as shown in this example:
4,527 = 4,000 + 500 + 20 + 7
(a) 3,637 (b) 1,746 (c) 9,156 (d) 2,462
(e) 8,160 (f) 6,205 (g) 5,026 (h) 7,500
(i) 6,008 (j) 4,050 (k) 5,002 (l) 3,013
2. What number is shown by each abacus?
Th H T U Th H T U Th H T U Th H T U

3. How many
(a) hundreds in 400? (b) hundreds in 4,000? (c) hundreds in 9,000?
(d) tens in 30? (e) tens in 300? (f) tens in 3,000?

B 1. Choose the greatest number in each set.

(a) 4,126, 3,149, 6,591 (b) 7,216, 3,134, 4,846
(c) 6,128, 6,821, 6,281 (d) 5,285, 5,852, 5,258
(e) 3,951, 3591, 3,159 (f) 2,020, 2,200, 2,002
(g) 8,108, 8,810, 8,180 (h) 3,040, 3,004, 3,400
2. Choose the smallest number in each group.
(a) 3,168 (b) 2,022 (c) 7,007 (d) 4,609 (e) 3,331
6,183 2,202 7,700 4,999 3,111
1,368 2,220 7,070 4,600 3,113
1,863 2,020 7,700 4,599 3,131
3. Make the smallest number possible from each set of numerals.
(a) 3, 1, 4, 8 (b) 8, 4, 2, 7 (c) 9, 7, 4, 6 (d) 5, 1, 5, 7
(e) 2, 0, 4, 7 (f) 8, 0, 7, 0 (g) 1, 7, 4, 1 (h) 2, 3, 7, 2
(i) 2, 4, 1, 2 (j) 8, 2, 2, 2 (k) 4, 5, 4, 5 (l) 1, 8, 8, 1

r work
Pai
C Think of a four digit number and tell your friend.
1. The number that is 1 greater.
2. The number that is 1 less.
3. The number that is 10 greater.
4. The number that is 10 less.
402: Read, write and order four-digit numbers and solve Strand Number
Objectives

simple problems. Strand Unit Place Value

10 Topic 1: Place Value
Value
Example
Little value Great value great value
2,002
little value

r work
A 1. With a friend think of: Pai
(a) 5 things of great value.
(b) 5 things of little value.
2. Tick the number in which 7 has the greatest value.
(a) 7,152 (b) 3,007 (c) 7 (d) 8,007 (e) 1,371
2,741 9,147 70 9,070 713
3,175 2,574 700 6,075 1,887
1,457 6,217 7,000 7,001 1,907
3. Tick the number in which 4 has the least value.
(a) 1,542 (b) 4,000 (c) 8,746 (d) 2,142 (e) 1,455
1,884 400 7,476 3,549 2,314
4,056 40 4,722 7,224 409
3,459 4 2,421 940 1,040

B Let’s investigate numbers.

Your task is to make a number that is greater than the number shown by rearranging the
four numerals given to you. If the task is impossible, write ‘can’t be done’.
1. Number to Your 2. Number to Your
Answer Answer
Beat numerals Beat numerals
8,743 or (a) 5,237 1 5 1 6
(a) 8,512 3 7 4 8
8,734
(b) 7,352 2 3 5 7 (b) 5,419 2 5 5 2

(c) 8,175 5 1 7 8 (c) 7,419 6 2 4 3

(d) 6,432 4 6 1 3 (d) 8,529 2 2 8 6

(e) 9,156 9 2 2 0 (e) 4,829 1 3 2 4

402: Read, write and order four-digit numbers and solve Strand Number
Objectives

simple problems. Strand Unit Place Value

 Topic 1: Place Value 11
A Rounding
1. Which number is nearer to 4,000?
(a) 4,500 or 4,800 (b) 3,900 or 3,700 (c) 4,100 or 3,800
2. Which number is nearer to 6,000?
(a) 5,200 or 5,300 (b) 6,100 or 6,300 (c) 5,500 or 6,600
3. Which number is nearer to 8,000?
(a) 8,009 or 7,999 (b) 7,995 or 8,004 (c) 8,020 or 7,990

B Which thousand is nearer?

4,000
3,100 3,200 3,300 3,400 4,100
2,900 3,500 3,600 3,700 3,800 3,900
3,000
Example
3,200 is nearer to 3,000
1. Look at the part of the number line between 3,000 3,800 is nearer to 4,000
and 4,000. To which thousand is the number nearer?
(a) 3,199 (b) 3,900 (c) 3,600 (d) 3,500
(e) 3,999 (f) 3,002 (g) 3,123 (h) 3,580
2. Round each of these numbers to the nearest thousand.
(a) 8,900 (b) 3,200 (c) 1,400 (d) 6,980
(e) 2,180 (f) 5,860 (g) 4,500 (h) 2,957

C Important zeroes Example

1. Can any zeroes be left out without changing the number’s value?
(a) 0002 (b) 600 (c) 01
05,090
(d) 0080 (e) 3,000 (f) 2,060
(g) 9,003 (h) 0808 (i) 701
(j) 09 (k) 90 (l) 1,008
2. Which is greater?
(a) 206 or 26 (b) 59 or 509 (c) 5,006 or 506 (d) 308 or 38
(e) 005 or 500 (f) 6,060 or 6,006 (g) 2,050 or 2,500 (h) 3,050 or 350
3. Look at each pair. Have they the same value?
(a) Weights: 605g and 65g (b) Amounts: €093 and €93
(c) Page Numbers: 056 and 56 (d) Shoes: Size 04 and size 4
(e) Radio stations: FM102 and FM12 (f) Cooking Times: 18mins and 108mins
(g) Game Scores: 0206 and 2006 (h) Dates: 03/09/2014 and 3/9/2014

403: Round whole numbers to the nearest thousand. Strand Number

Objectives

Strand Unit Place Value

12 Check Up!
1
A Explain it! Explain why the zero in 6,087 is important.

B Do it!
1. Round each number to the nearest thousand.
(a) 7,768 (b) 2,317 (c) 3,872 (d) 4,780 (e) 6,180 (f) 7,500
2. Make as many numbers as you can with the numerals 4, 0, 5 and 3.

C Solve it!
A radio station played its top ten songs. The song with the smallest number of votes was
number 10 and the song with the greatest number of votes was number 1.
Order the songs from 10 to 1:
Lost 2,159 Control 4,419 Blue 8,218 Together 1,319 Melody 4,409
Razzmataz 943 Dancer 4,194 Wonder 9,006 Crazy 4,094 Fond 4,049

D Say it!
True or false?
1. 4,075 = 4,000 + 700 + 5 5. 7,109 = 7,000 + 100 + 9
2. The value of the numeral 3 6. 9,009 < 9090
in 7,138 is 3. 7. 6,138 might be rounded to 6,000 or
3. 5,555 can be rounded to 5,000. 6,100 or 6,140.
4. The zero in 0,519 is unnecessary. 8. The zero in 7,160 is necessary.

E Share it!
1. Fill the blanks in the picture.
second
first third fifth seventh ninth

2nd 4th 6th 8th 10th

1st
2. Would you prefer to be 1st or 2nd in a race? Would you prefer to be 1st or 2nd in a
queue?
3. Finish these as far as 20th: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, ___
4. Form a line of 10 people like you see in the picture. Decide which end of the line is
the start of the line and tell everyone his or her position. Call out commands like
these: ‘1st, 4th and 5th stand on one leg’, ‘7th and 10th change places’.
 l is
to learn how
Addition 13
My goa
add
thous
an d s 2
to

A Warm-up. Listen to your teacher.

1 4 5 7 9
30 16 66 26 40
97 11 87 20 23
10 70 12 18 25

B In your head
1. 8 + 9 = ___
5. 3 + 6 + 9 = ___
9. 11 + 12 = ___
13. 15 + 15 = ___
2. 7 + 7 = ___ 3. 6 + 9 = ___ 4. 8 + 5 = ___
6. 4 + 5 + 8 = ___ 7. 9 + 9 + 8 = ___ 8. 4 + 7 + 7 = ___
10. 13 + 14 = ___ 11. 15 + 13 = ___ 12. 16 + 11 = ___
14. 21 + 21 = ___ 15. 33 + 34 = ___ 16. 42 + 46 = ___

C Add
1. (a) HTU (b) HTU (c) HTU (d) HTU
Example
136 217 513 528
+342 +335 +268 +291 Start here
HTU
358 8 + 9 = 17
2. (a) HTU (b) HTU (c) HTU (d) HTU
+ 316 19
807 484 273 515
727
+178 +338 +267 +399

D Add the numbers in the two coloured balloons. You will find the answer in another
balloon. Colour it the same. Colour the other two balloons a different colour.

406.1 Know and recall addition and subtraction facts. Strand Number
Objectives

Strand Unit Operations

14 Topic 2: Addition
A Add
1. (a) HTU (b) HTU (c) HTU (d) HTU (e) HTU (f) HTU
143 247 414 230 289 223
234 236 36 518 178 363
+172 +308 +156 +184 +264 +414

2. On Saturday 163 aeroplanes left Dublin airport. On the same day 148 aeroplanes
landed. How many flights altogether were there on Saturday?
3. The web site www.addemup.ie had 245 visitors on Tuesday. On Wednesday it had
double that number. (a) How many visited the website on Wednesday? (b) How many
visitors were there altogether over the two days?

B Adding bigger numbers

1. (a) Th H T U (b) Th H T U (c) Th H T U (d) Th H T U Example
4571 3468 1463 3577
Start here
+2358 +3329 +7913 +3784
Th H T U
2 7 4 3 3 + 9 = 12
2. (a) Th H T U (b) Th H T U (c) Th H T U (d) Th H T U
+ 51 6 019
3049 2108 6541 3177
8 352
+3166 +3944 +1009 +2888

C Magic squares Example

Complete each magic square so that the totals of
11 5 5 3 24
each line and diagonal are the same.
2 6 8 8 24
16 9 9 10 19 9
7 9 1 7 24
5 4 15 7 13 16
4 4 10 6 24
1 4 15 15 18 5 10
2 7 13 6 19 14 8 15 24 24 24 24 24 24

D Try these
1. Molly got 4,459 votes in the last election. Cillian got 1,037 votes more than Molly.
(a) How many votes did Cillian get? (b) Who was elected? (c) How many people voted?
2. Mia and Rebecca share a phone. Last year their phone company offered them 1,000
free text messages. All extra text messages cost 1c each. How much did they have to
pay if Mia sent 845 messages and Rebecca sent 762 messages?
• 405.1 Add without and with renaming, within 9999. Strand Number
Objectives

• 407 Solve word problems involving addition. Strand Unit Operations

 Topic 2: Addition 15
A Adding thousands
1. (a) Th H T U (b) Th H T U (c) Th H T U (d) Th H T U (e) Th H T U (f) Th H T U
2135 5000 5171 2049 1217 2484
4042 4258 2233 3517 1367 74
+1517 + 191 +1674 +1118 +1848 +1446

2. ‘Ben’s Brollies’ sells three types of umbrella. Last year’s sales are shown in the picture.
(a) Of which type did Ben sell the most? Plain Coloured With Logo
(b) How many plain and coloured
brollies did Ben sell? 
(c) How many plain and ‘with logo’
brollies were sold?
(d) How many coloured and ‘with
logo’ brollies did Ben sell? 2,048 1,671 1,309
(e) How many umbrellas altogether were sold last year?
(f) Which type of umbrella do you think is the most expensive?
3. (a) 2,048 + 1,196 + 3,313 (b) 179 + 6,005 + 2,379
(c) 7,141 + 741 + 71 (d) 2,367 + 1,800 + 2,149
(e) 2,508 + 2,580 + 2,085 (f) 3,147 + 58 + 6,742

B Rounding and estimating

1. Round each of these numbers to nearest thousand. Example
(a) 3,800 (b) 3,200 (c) 3,500 (d) 3,950 Round 3,682 to the
nearest thousand.
(e) 3,240 (f) 3,610 (g) 3,086 (h) 3,741
Look at the hundreds.
2. Here are some more: 3,682 is rounded to 4,000

(a) 1,286 (b) 8,247 (c) 3,742 (d) 2,662 4,000

500 or
(e) 7,582 (f) 6,086 (g) 8,011 (h) 4,650 greater:
3. Round each number to the nearest thousand and add.
up
Example: 4,260 + 2,883: 4,000 + 3,000 = 7,000
(a) 4,800 + 3,900 = ___ (b) 2,100 + 7,200 = ___ 3,500
(c) 3,842 + 4,963 = ___ (d) 1,049 + 6,873 = ___ Less than
500:
(e) 2,542 + 3,159 = ___ (f) 5,316 + 890 = ___
down
4. Here are some more:
(a) 1,200 + 2,700 + 3,800 = ___ 3,000
(b) 5,350 + 1,060 + 1,981 = ___
(c) 2,159 + 3,029 + 3,882 = ___
(d) 2,664 + 2,445 + 2,049 = ___

• 405.1 Add without and with renaming, within 9999. Strand Number
Objectives

• 407 Solve word problems involving addition. Strand Unit Operations

16 Topic 2: Addition
A Using a calculator
1. Which key is used to clear the numbers from the screen?
2. Why do you think the + key on this calculator is bigger
than the other keys?
3. How many digits are shown on the screen of this calculator?
4. The calculator shown in the picture is a solar model.
What do you think this means?
5. Are all calculators exactly the same as the one in the picture?
6. Use your calculator. Estimate first:
Set A – Practice
(a) 23 + 49 = ___ (b) 89 + 37 = ___ (c) 81 + 63 = ___
(d) 99 + 99 + 14 = ___ (e) 73 + 75 + 78 = ___ (f) 96 + 13 + 63 = ___
Set B – Skilled
(a) 413 + 263 = ___ (b) 518 + 195 = ___ (c) 852 + 109 = ___
(d) 219 + 98 + 349 = ___ (e) 297 + 347 + 159 = ___ (f) 159 + 987 + 258 = ___
Set C – Expert
(a) 4111 + 2311 = ___ (b) 2135 + 4849 = ___
(c) 3159 + 1199 = ___ (d) 1599 + 2237 + 1743 = ___
(e) 4178 + 1090 + 741 = ___ (f) 941 + 1192 + 2347 = ___

B Calculator fun
Colour the displays to show these numbers. The first one is done.

83 84 28 68 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
3426 3210 4567 8910

8888 8888 8888 8888

5149 2149 3056 7980

C Increase – no calculator Example

1. Increase each number by 5.
Increase means
(a) 9 (b) 11 (c) 14 (d) 15 (e) 20 (f) 26
to make bigger.
2. Increase each number by 11. Increase 7 by 5.
(a) 8 (b) 13 (c) 16 (d) 18 (e) 23 (f) 36 7 + 5 = 12
3. Increase each number by 22.
(a) 8 (b) 20 (c) 31 (d) 44 (e) 46 (f) 53
416 Use a calculator to check estimates. Strand Number
Objectives

Strand Unit Operations

 Check Up! 17
2
A Expla
in it!
Put the word ‘add’ into a sentence that shows you understand its meaning.

B Do it!
1. (a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 8 (e) 2 (f) 3 (g) 5 (h) 8 (i) 9 (j) 2
6 6 8 8 9 9 3 3 3 4
6 2 4 2 2 3 8 2 3 6
1 3 4 5 7 5 3 8 5 6
7 3 1 7 2 7 1 6 5 4
+9 +8 +9 +4 +5 +4 +7 +1 +7 +2

2. Light the lights to show the right answer.

The first one is done for you.
(a) 4,122 + 2,314 + 187 = ___
(b) 1,156 + 2,406 + 6,028 = ___
(c) 489 + 3,158 + 2,861 = ___
(d) 5,008 + 147 + 2,377 = ___
(e) 2,828 + 1,282 + 3,366 = ___

C Solve it!
Ava has a collection of 2,350 photos. Samantha has 80 photos more that Ava. Tony has 110
photos more than Samantha. How many photos have they altogether?

D Say it!
Spot the mathematical error in each sentence.
1. Luke increased his savings of €1,025 by €75 bringing his account to €1,010.
2. Rounding the number 8,672 to the nearest thousand is 8,700.
3. The sum 2,346 + 3,058 is not the same as 3,058 + 2,346.
4. 6,036 + 1,839 = 7,785

r work
Pai
E Share it!
1. 2. 3.
17 8 15 11 5 24 26 10 17
23 5 7 14 19 13 7 25 7 9
13 20 22 20 2 15 24
10 12 3 3 22 15 9 23 5

11 18 4 23 16 13 20 27 4 11
18 Time goa
l is
to tell the
3 My
e o
n a d
igital
tim clock

A Warm-up. Listen to your teacher. 24 Seconds in a minute

week hour day 7 Minutes in an hour
28, 29, 30 or 31 Hours in a day
second 60 Days in a week
minute 12 Days in a month
100 Days in a year
year 60 Months in a year
365 Weeks in a year
century
52 Years in a century

B What time is it?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The minute hand

C Write the minutes to or the minutes past.
1. 2. 9 minutes to 11 minutes past

minutes to minutes past

22 minutes to 21 minutes past

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

D Write the time.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

468 Read time in one-minute intervals on analogue clock Strand Measures

Objectives

(12-hour). Strand Unit Time

 Topic 3: Time 19
A Tim the Time Traveller
Tim can move forwards and backwards in time. Help him to keep track of the time.
1. Starting time Forward Back Forward Back
1 1
10 o’clock 10 minutes 2 hour 10 minutes 4 hour

2. Starting time Back Forward Back Forward

20 to 5 25 minutes 40 minutes 1 hour 10 minutes

B Write the missing times.

1. Starting time Forward Back Forward Back
1 20 minutes 40 minutes 1 hour 15 minutes
4 past 2

2. Starting time Back Forward Back Forward

3 1
1 25 minutes 4 hour 12 hours 10 minutes
4 to 11

3. Starting time Forward Back Forward Back

1
22 minutes 11 minutes 19 minutes 4hour
9 o’clock

4. Starting time Back Forward Back Forward

1
9 minutes 2 hour 7 minutes 26 minutes
8 minutes past 11

Challeng
Starting time Back Forward Back Forward
e

1
19 minutes to 4 12 minutes 2 hour 8 minutes 1 34 hours
Yo
u r s e lf !

473.1 Solve and complete practical tasks and problems Strand Measures
Objectives

involving times and dates and the addition of hours and Strand Unit Time
minutes.
20 Topic 3: Time
A Digital time
1. (a) 4 o’clock = 4:00 (b) 5 past ___ = 4:05 (c) 10 past 4 = ___
1 ___ ___ = 4:20
2. (a) 4 past 4 = (b) (c) 25 past 4 = ___
3. (a) ___ = 4:30 (b) 25 to 5 = ___ (c) ___ = 4:40
1 ___ ___ = 4:50
4. (a) 4 to 5 = (b) (c) 5 to 5 = ___
___ = 5:00 1 ___ ___ = 8:05
5. (a) (b) 2 past 9 = (c)
6. (a) 20 past 11 = ___ (b) ___ = 1:35 (c) 10 past 1 = ___
7. (a) ___ = 4:45 (b) 7 o’clock = ___ (c) ___ = 3:55

B Change these to digital time.

1. 7 o’clock 2. 5 to 5 3. 25 past 12 4. 5 past 8
1
5. 10 past 9 6. 20 past 11 7. 20 to 6 8. 4 to 7
9. 20 to 4 10. 25 to 2 11. 12 past 1 12. 14 past 10

C 1. Look at the TV Guide – Channel Q.

TV Guide
(a) For how long does the Sport programme last?
(b) What’s on before Flitz?
(c) For how long does Flitz last?
e l Q Channel Z
Chan n s
(d) There is a break for advertisements lasting 3
N u a c h t 5:00 Z Crisi
5:00
minutes during UFO. For how many minutes
o rt 5 :2 2 Z Factor
does UFO really run? 5:10 Sp s
F li tz 5:59 Z New
(e) If the movie lasts for 1 hour 20 minutes, at 5:30 rld
what time does it end? U F O 6:31 Z Wo
5:55 vie
H e ro e s 7:12 Z Mo
2. Look at the TV Guide – Channel Z. 6:2 0
End
s 8:36 Z
(a) For how long does Z Factor last? 6:45 Movie
(b) Mum started watching Z News but
stopped at 14 past 6. How many
minutes of Z News did she see?
(c) Dad watched Z Crisis and Z World.
For how long did he watch TV?
(d) All the programmes on Channel Z were delayed
by 8 minutes. Write the new timetable.

D Colour the digital clocks to show the time.

1
1. 20 past 12 2. 4 past 1 3. 5 past 10 4. 8 minutes to 4

8 8: 8 8 8 8: 8 8 8 8:8 8 8 8: 8 8
• 469 Express digital time as analogue time and vice versa. Strand Measures
Objectives

• 470 Read and interpret simple timetables. Strand Unit Time

 Topic 3: Time 21
A Let’s investigate: the calendar.
This is a page of Megan’s calendar.
MARCH
Sun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat
1 2 3 4 Millie’s
5 6
Party
New Moon Sunrise 7:03
Not visible Sunset 6:13

7 8 t
9 10 11 12 13
Dentis Sunrise 6:44
1st quarter Sunset 6:26

14 Seachtain 15 16 17 St. Patrick’s 18 19 Maths

20
Full Moon Sunrise 6:33
na Gaeilge Day Bright Test Sunset 6:33

21 22 23 24 Train
ing 25 26 27
m Sunrise 6:10
4:00p 3rd quarter Sunset 6:51

28 TREE 29 30 31 Mark
’s
ay
WEEK bir d
t h

1. On what day does each date fall?

(a) 2nd (b) 5th (c) 10th (d) 22nd (e) 25th (f) 29th
2. On what day does the last day of February fall?
3. On what day does the 1st of April fall?
4. When is Megan’s maths test?
5. When is Mark’s birthday?
6. What is special about the 17th of March?
7. At what time does the sun rise on March 6th?
8. At what time does the sun set on March 13th?
9. What’s unusual about sunrise and sunset on March 20th?
10. How many hours and minutes of sunlight are there on March 27th?
11. On what date does Seachtain na Gaeilge begin?
12. How many days does it take the new moon to become a full moon?

B Multiple choice. Tick the correct answer.

1. How many 2. How many 3. How many days 4. How many hours
days are in a months have altogether in April, from noon today to
leap year? 31 days? May and June? midnight tomorrow?
364 days 4 89 days 12 hours
365 days 5 90 days 24 hours
366 days 6 91 days 36 hours
none of these 7 92 days 48 hours
• 472 Read dates from calendars and express weeks as days Strand Measures
Objectives

and vice versa. Strand Unit Time

• 473.2 Solve and complete practical tasks and problems
involving dates.
22 Check Up!
3
A Explain it! How would you explain to an alien how to read a clock?

B Do it!
1. What time is shown on each clock?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

2. Write the time that is 15 minutes earlier than:

(a) 12 past 4 (b) 20 past 7 (c) 9 o’clock (d) 14 past 11
(e) 10 to 12 (f) 20 to 8 (g) 25 to 6 (h) 5 past 3
3. Write the time that is 15 minutes later than:
(a) 1:15 (b) 2:05 (c) 7:30 (d) 9:45
(e) 8:25 (f) 12:25 (g) 3:50 (h) 5:59

C Solve it!
When are you more likely to do each of these: am or pm?
1. come to school 2. go home from school
3. eat dinner 4. eat breakfast
5. do your homework 6. meet your friends at first break

D Say it!
What might you do at each of these times?
1. Monday 8:00am 2. Tuesday 8:00pm 3. Wednesday 4:00pm
4. Thursday 4:00am 5. Friday 11:30am 6. Saturday 11:30am

r work
re it! Pai
E Sha
(You will need a watch with a second hand or a digital clock.) Hospital

1. Wait until the second hand reaches 12 and then

say ‘go!’ Your partner says ‘stop’ when he or she
thinks exactly one minute has passed. Tell your
friend whether the estimate was too short, exactly
right or too long. Now swap!
2. How many words can you think of in 1 minute?
Choose a theme such as sport, school or hospital.
In exactly one minute, how many words
connected with that theme can you say or write?
See if you can beat your partner.
 goa
l is
to learn
nt types of Lines and Angles 23
My iffe
d
r e
gles.
4
ou t nd an
ab lines a

A Warm-up. Listen to your teacher.

perpendicular parallel horizontal oblique diagonal

vertical not perpendicular

B Lines
1. Find sets of parallel lines and sets of perpendicular lines in each photo below.
2. Find any vertical, horizontal and oblique lines.

Pa ir work
C 1. Write 3 examples of horizontal and vertical lines in the world around you.
Try to think of unusual examples.
2. Write or draw 3 examples of parallel and perpendicular lines.
3. Draw a shape and its diagonals.
4. Is there something in the classroom that is oblique to the floor?
5. Is there something in the yard that is oblique to the ground?
6. What might happen if a builder built the wall of a house oblique to the ground?
450 Identify, describe and classify oblique and Strand Shape and Space
Objectives

perpendicular lines. Strand Unit Lines and Angles

24 Topic 4: Lines and Angles
A Parallel and perpendicular lines
1. Colour the 4 lines 2. Colour the 3. Colour the 4. Hold your
that are parallel lines that are lines that are book upright.
to one another. perpendicular to perpendicular to Then colour the
the green line. the green line. horizontal lines.

5. Hold your book 6. Colour the lines 7. Colour the 8. Colour the lines
upright. Then that are oblique diagonals of the that are both
colour the to the green line. square. parallel and
vertical lines. vertical.

Perpendicular and parallel lines

Perpendicular Parallel
Draw a base line

Base line
  
A perpendicular line always forms a Lines perpendicular to the base line are parallel.
right angle with the base line.

B Let’s investigate
1. Use a set square to draw perpendicular lines.
2. Use a set square to draw parallel lines.
3. Use a set square to draw the figures in the box. Make some of your own.
450 Identify, describe and classify oblique and Strand Shape and Space
Objectives

perpendicular lines. Strand Unit Lines and Angles

 Topic 4: Lines and Angles 25
A Angles
Denis Daredevil likes to change the angle of the ramp. Which ramps do you think he will
be able to cycle without falling off his bicycle?

1. Straight Angle 2. Obtuse Angle

3. Obtuse Angle 4. Right Angle

5. 6.
Acute Angle Acute Angle

B For each of the angles below, say if it is acute, right, straight or obtuse? Is each angle greater
than, less than or equal to a right angle?
1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9.

10. 11. 12.

C What types of angles are made by the elbow joints in each puppet’s arms?
1. 2. 3. 4.

451 Draw, discuss and describe intersecting lines and their Strand Shape and Space
Objectives

angles. Strand Unit Lines and Angles

26 Topic 4: Lines and Angles
A Angles
1. Colour the white line where the angle marked shows:
(a) a right angle (b) an acute angle (c) an obtuse angle (d) an acute angle

2. Colour the white line where the angle marked shows:

(a) an acute angle (b) an obtuse angle (c) a right angle (d) a straight angle

B Answer the questions.

1. At what type of angle is the aeroplane taking off?
2. Can a plane take off at a right angle?
3. At what type of angle is the skier skiing?
4. If the angle was greater, would the skier ski faster or slower?
5. Is it easier to cycle uphill or downhill?
6. Why must a snooker table be level?
7. Why are walls built at right angles to the ground?
8. Why do most houses in Ireland have a sloped roof?
9. People learning to ski begin on ‘nursery’ slopes. Draw a nursery slope.
10. What skiers do not need a slope?
452 Classify angles as greater than, less than or equal to a Strand Shape and Space
Objectives

right angle. Strand Unit Lines and Angles

 Check Up! 27
4
A Explain it! What is an angle?

B Do it!
1. What type of angle is made by the hands of each clock?
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

2. (a) Make a chart in your copy like the one below:

Has Parallel Lines Has Perpendicular Lines Vertical Line Horizontal Line
A ✓
E ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
(b) Hold your book upright and look at the letters below.
Fill out the chart for each of the following letters.

F H I L M N R T U V W X Y Z
3. Clockwise and anti-clockwise anti-c
se loc
(a) Which pictures below show clockwise movement? wi

kw
c
clo
(b) Which pictures show anti-clockwise movement?

ise

(c) In what direction do cars move when going
around a roundabout in Ireland?

ise

clo
(d) Draw a windmill showing clockwise movement.
w

ck
ck

wi
clo se
anti-

C Solve it!
How many right angles can you count in this shape?

D Say it!
When standing up, the letter T is made of a horizontal and a vertical line. Name four other
capital letters that are made using only horizontal and vertical lines.

r work
re it! Pai
E Sha
Connect two strips of card together like an arm. Rotate one strip to make
acute angles, a right angle, obtuse angles and a straight angle.
28 The Game Show
Players score points! There are four levels of questions,
1. What is Lily’s score? worth: 1 point, 10 points, 100 points and 1,000 points.
Points appear at the bottom of the player’s abacus.
2. What is Abbie’s score? Examples:
3. Who has fewest points? Start of play: 6,437points: 9,999 points:
4. What type of angle is made by the Th H T U Th H T U Th H T U
hands of the clock?
5. What time does the clock show?
6. The show started at 7:15. For how
many minutes has the show been
running?
7. The show ends at 8 o’clock. How many minutes are left?
8. How long does the show last?
9. What prizes can Jake not afford if his score stays the same?
10. Which prizes could each player afford if the scores stay the same?

Th H T U Th H T U Th H T U Th H T U

Host,
Alan Cheese
Lily Ben Abbie Jake
 The Game Show 29
11. How many points have Lily and Abbie altogether?
12. Are the hands of the clock perpendicular?
13. How many hours and minutes until midnight?
14. At what time will the hands on the clock next make a straight angle?
15. Are there any parallel lines in the pictures on page 28? Where?
16. How many points altogether have the 4 players won so far?
17. How many 10 point questions has Abbie answered correctly?
18. Who answered the greatest number of 1 point questions?
19. Ben could claim two prizes. Which two can he afford?
20. Jake has answered most questions, but he has the fewest points. Why?

r i ze s !
Fab P Mountain Bike
Plasma TV
2,000 points
3,400 points

Laptop Snowboarding Trip

Shopping Spree
1,400 points
1,000 points

2,300 points
30 MENTAL MATHS 1
A 1. Which is greater: 12 or 34 ?
2. Is this angle acute or obtuse?
3. How many cents in €2?
3
4. Write as a decimal.
10
5. Round 483 to the nearest 10.
6. How many cm in 1m?
7. What is the area of the yellow shape?
8. Spot the mistake:
Half of a whole is a quarter.
9. What comes next? 85, 90, 95, 100, ___
10. 17 + 4 = ___
11. If this is September, what was the month
before last?
1 1
12. Which is later: 4 to 4 or 4 past 4?
13. A hive has 101 bees. How many are left
in the hive if all but one bee leaves?
14. In your mathematical opinion:
How many times a day do you blink?
15. What comes next?

___
15

B 1. In your mathematical opinion: Which holds more: a cup or a mug?

2. Not counting today, how many days are left in this month?
3. In what year were you born?
4. 23 – 11 = ___
5. What comes next?
6. Which is heavier: 1kg or 1g?
7. If today is Thursday, what day is the day after tomorrow?
8. What change will I get from €1 if I spend 79c?
9. 0.3 + 0.3 = ___
10. 18 + ___ = 21
11. What is the area of the yellow shape?

1 1
12. 2 + 4 = ___
13. Round 483 to the nearest 100.
14. What comes next? 4, 8, 12, 16, ___ ___
15. True or false? Parallel lines are also perpendicular to each other. 10
15