Jain PE Piping System, p17 - Old Pipes

Contents
01 The Corporation 01
02 Corporate Philosophy 03
03 Jain PE Pipes 04
04 Jain PE Pipes - Design Details & Technical Characteristics 07
05 Jain PE Pipes – Advantages 18
06 Jain PE Pipes – Applications 19
07 Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply 20
08 Jain Insta Tracer Pipe - For precise location after underground burial 25
09 Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection 26
10 Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems 29
11 B-Sure PE Gas Pipes 34
12 Jain PE Landfill Extraction Pipes 39
13 Jain PE Pipe for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System 41
14 Jain Silicoat PE OFC Ducts 42
15 B-Sure Corrugated HDPE Pipes and Fittings 46
16 Jain PE – Fittings 50
17 Turnkey Solutions and Project Execution 53
18 Jain PE – Jointing Methods 54
19 Jain PE – Installation Methods 57
20 Jointing – Do’s and Don’ts 67
21 Frequently Asked Questions 73
22 List of Major Customers 92
23 Application Photographs 93
24 Chemical Resistance Chart 100
25 Material Safety Data Sheet 103
26 Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications 106
27 Conversion Factors & Formulas 108

The Corporation...
Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. (JISL) derives its name from the pioneering work it did for the Micro Irrigation Industry in India.
However, there is more to Jain Irrigation than Irrigation.
Jain Piping Division is the largest producer of Thermoplastic piping systems for all conceivable applications with pipes ranging
from 3 mm to 1600 mm in diameter and in pressure ratings ranging from 1.00 kgf/cm² to 16 kgf/cm² and above. JISL has a
production capacity of over 2,00,000 M.T. per annum and the only manufacturer to own DSIR approved R&D setup with state of
the art facilities.
The pipes are manufactured confirming to IS, DIN, ISO, ASTM, TEC and other customised specifications.
Micro-Irrigation Division manufactures full range of precision-irrigation products, provides services from soil survey, engineering
design to agronomic support and nurtures a sprawling 2300 acre Hi-Tech Agri Institute. It undertakes turnkey projects for total
agricultural development. Division’s pool of over 800 agri scientists, technologists and technicians are well equipped to render
consultancy for complete or partial project planning and implementation e.g. Watershed or Wasteland and/or Crop Selection
and Rotation.
Tissue Culture Division fully makes Grand Nain Banana plantlets and has established vast primary and secondary hardening
facilities and R&D labs.
Agricultural and Fruit processing wastes are converted into Organic Manure. Neem-based pesticides are also formulated. Both
are critical inputs for Organic Farming.
Agro Processed Products Division processes tropical fruits into purees, concentrates, juices, while Dehydration facility dehydrates
Onions & Vegetables.
The Piping Division also includes PVC range of Pipes and Fittings catering to the urban and rural infrastructure needs of the
country apart from irrigation needs of the farmers.
Plastic sheet division’s globally marketed products help conserve forests by providing alternative to wood in home building
markets.
Solar Energy Heating and Lighting Equipments and Bio-Energy sources are new additions.
In a nutshell, the Corporation is the only ‘one-stop-shop’ encompassing manufacturing and marketing of hi-tech agricultural
inputs and piping services as well as processing of agri produce. No wonder, it has distinguished itself as a leader in the domestic
as well as global markets.
The corporate product range improves productivity and adds value to the agri-sector. Conservation of scarce Natural resources,
protection and improvement of environment emerge as wholesome blessings. Corporation has 16 manufacturing plants and
numerous offices across the globe.
The Corporation has pioneered and raised a new Micro Irrigation industry in India and thereby helped harbinger Second Green
Revolution.
The reward has been over millions of smiling farmers and scores of other customers in 107 countries.
1
Corporate Philosophy
Mission : Guidelines :
Leave this world better than you found it. Customer and Market
Vision : • Commit to total customer satisfaction.
Establish leadership in whatever we do at home and abroad. • Build and maintain market leadership.
Credo : Quality Excellence
Serve and strive through strain and stress; • Strive continually to reach and maintain quality in every
Do our noblest, that’s success. aspect.
Goal : Safety and Health
Achieve continued growth through sustained innovation for • Secure safety and health of associates and other assets.
total customer satisfaction and fair return to all other Environment and Society
stakeholders. Meet this objective by producing quality
• Protect, improve and develop environment
products at optimum cost and marketing them at reasonable
prices. • Cherish the symbiosis and nurture creative partnership
between society and environment.
Guiding Principle :
Development of Other Stakeholders
Toil and sweat to manage our resources of men, material and
money in an integrated, efficient and economic manner. Earn • Adopt transparency and fair practices for continuous
profit, keeping in view commitment to social responsibility sustainable growth.
and environmental concerns.
Quality Perspective :
Make quality a way of life.
Work Culture :
Experience : ‘Work is life, life is work.’
2
Jain PE Pipes
Production of 1600 mm diameter PE pipe PN6
What is Polyethylene?
When scientists first experimented with a reaction between ethylene and benzaldehyde using two thousand atmospheres of
internal pressure, their experiment went askew when all the pressure escaped due to a leak in the testing container. On opening
the tube they were stunned to find a white waxy substance that looked a lot like some form of plastic. After repeating the
experiment, they discovered that the loss of pressure was not due to a leak at all, but was a result of the polymerization process.
The residue polyethylene (PE) resin was a milky white, translucent substance derived from ethylene (CH2=CH2). Polyethylene
was produced with low to high density.
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has a density ranging from 910.0 to 930.0 kg/cm². The molecules of LDPE have a carbon
backbone with side groups of four to six carbon atoms attached randomly along the main backbone. LDPE is the most widely
used of all plastics, because it is inexpensive, flexible, extremely tough, and chemical-resistant. LDPE is molded into bottles,
garment bags, frozen food packages, and plastic toys.
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a density that ranges from 940.0 to 970.0 kg/cm². Its molecules have an extremely long
carbon backbone with no side groups. As a result, these molecules align into more compact arrangements, accounting for the
higher density. HDPE is stiffer, stronger, and less translucent than low-density polyethylene. HDPE is formed into car fuel tanks,
packaging and of course piping.
3
Jain PE Pipes
Polyethylene Pipe
Polyethylene was first developed in 1933 as a flexible, low density coating and insulating material for electrical cables. It played
a key role during World War II - first as an underwater cable coating and then as a critical insulating material for such vital
military applications as radar insulation. Because of its light weight, radar equipment was easier to carry on a plane, which
allowed the out-numbered Allied aircraft to detect German bombers under difficult conditions such as nightfall and
thunderstorms.
High density polyethylene, however, is quite a bit different from the polyethylene used in the 1930s. LDPE was discovered in
1935 and it wasn’t until sixteen years later in 1951 that high density polyethylene appeared on the scene. As a relatively
newcomer in the piping industry, polyethylene is constantly making its way into applications normally reserved for the older
piping technologies.
It was not until after the World War, though, that the material became a preferred choice with consumers and from that point on,
its rise in popularity has been almost unprecedented. Since the late 1950s and early 1960s, polyethylene has made its way into
every corner of our lives launching a multi-billion dollar industry. It became the first plastic in the United States to be sold more
than a billion pounds a year and it is currently the largest volume plastic in the world. This is partly due to the fact that there are
Normally metal pipe after 30 to 40 years will become like this Normally PE Pipe after 50 years will remain same as a new one
certain characteristics (or combinations of characteristics) of high density polyethylene that make it an attractive alternative.
Whether it is an issue of installing a new piping system or rehabilitating an existing system, there are certain requirements
placed on the piping material: that it be simple to install, that it doesn’t leak or cost a lot to maintain, and will last a very long
time. Effectively, as long as polyethylene can satisfy these demands better than any other material, it will continue its gain in
popularity.
PE Family
In the first generation of PE the curve at 60°C and 80°C always showed a knee before 10,000 h, making it possible to calculate
the coordinates of the knee at 20°C by extrapolation. They were generally stiff polymers of high density, but unsatisfactory
environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) at 50°C. With the second (PE80 since 1980) and third (PE100 since 1990) generations
of PE there is no knee anymore at 60°C and even at 80°C, with hardly any brittle failure ever before 10,000 h.
With second generation (medium density PE80) the ESCR is improved by increasing the chain branching and lowering the
density as much as possible. The creep resistance is decreased to its lowest possible value in order to optimize ESCR; the knee
4
Jain PE Pipes
Jain Irrigation manufactures PE Pipe and Corrugated plastic pipe for Pipe line networks of Gas, Liquid, Solids & Other applications.
What we refer to as PE pipe - also known as Poly Pipe, PE pipe or Polyethylene pipe - is manufactured by extrusion technology in sizes
ranging from 3 mm to 1600 mm diameter.
Jointing of PE Pipeline of 280 mm size for Cairn Energy, Barmer
If you are looking for rugged dependability, light weight, long lasting service, trouble-free installation, flexibility, superior flow
rates, high chemical resistant and extremely high corrosion resistance without compromising on efficiency Jain PE piping systems
are the perfect solution.
If you want to know about this piping system, please contact us and we will gladly answer any of your questions.
Applications of Jain PE pipes
Liquid Gas Solid Other
Water Supply Gas Piping Dredging Electrical Conduits
Drainage & Sewers Land-fill Gas Extractions Mining Telecom Cable Ducts
Industrial Liquids, Chemicals Ventilation Manholes
Culverts
Marine Works, Sea Water Intake
Geothermal Heating
and Outfall
Perforated Pipes
For over twenty-five years we have manufactured plastic pipe for a wide range of industrial, commercial and residential applications.
Some of the more popular applications of our PE pipe include Gas pipes, Water mains, Sewers, Drainage and Cable duct.
Colour Coding for PE pipes

Sr. No. Colour Application References
1. Black with blue stripes or Blue Water Supply IS 4984
2. Black Sewer/ Drainage/ Effluent IS 14333
3. Gray Treated Effluent General Practice
4. Black with Red stripes Fire Fighting Water General Practice
5. Yellow, Orange or Black Natural Gas Distribution IS 14885
5
Jain PE Pipes
Why Choose Jain PE Pipe?

Choosing the right kind of piping material for your project is not easy when you require Strength, Durability as well as Light
weight, Flexibility for easy handling and installation along with Earthquake resistance. As a total piping solution therefore, Jain
PE Pipe is chosen above all others.
Installation of Cross Country PE Pipeline

Until plastic was invented, this was not even a consideration. Piping users were limited to one of two possibilities: either
concrete or metal, both of which were strong with limited durability, but difficult to handle and to install due to their weight and
stiffness. Prior to the invention of polyethylene in the 1950s, plastic pipe was easy enough to handle and to install, but limited
in strength and durability. That all changed with polyethylene. Piping customer now had the best of both worlds, with one
added bonus. Not only was PE pipe durable and easy to install, it could be homogeneously joined together by heat fusion
making it completely leak free.
Leak Statistics in Water Distribution Pipes
Pipe Material Installed km % of network Number of Leaks % leaks Leaks / 1000 km
Steel 16379 52.1 3337 70.0 203.7
Polyethylene 2240 7.1 58 1.2 25.9
PVC-U 5416 17.2 848 17.8 156.6
Asbestos cement 7395 23.5 522 11.0 70.6
To select the right piping solution for any project, we provide all kinds of technical specifications and support.
In addition to the various dealers that we have, our team is ready to assist you with your technical and design questions. You
can also contact by e-mail: jisl@jains.com or postal address: Jain Plastic Park, N.H.No.6, Bambhori, P.O.Box 72, Jalgaon - 425 001,
Maharashtra, Phone no. +91-257-225 8011.
6
Jain PE Pipes - Design Details & Technical Characteristics
before 50 years @ 20°C disappeared, but the short-term resistance decreased due to the lower density.
In third generation (high density PE80 and PE100) ESCR is improved by branching only the long chains, thereby not decreasing
the density (maintaining stiffness / creep resistance). Short chain branches inserted on the longer molecules ensure an efficient
increase of the resistance to stress cracking in the long term, while creep resistance is maintained through high density (no
branches on short chains that crystallize easily).
Property of HDPE Pipes

Surface feel Waxy
Usual colour Black
Sound when dropped Clatter
Combustibility Bright flame : Drops continue to burn while falling
Odour of smoke after flame is extinguished Like candles
Nail test impression Impression possible
Floats on water Yes
Notch sensitivity No
Method of permanent joining Fusion
Linear expansion in/in/ F 0
9x10-5
Thermal conductivity kcal/mh0C 0.36 to 0.438
Specific heat kcal/mh C0
0.42
Density kg/m³ 940.0 to 958.4 (Base Density)
Tensile strength at 20 C MPa
0
20-26
Modules of elasticity at 20 C MPa
0
900
PE Classification ISO 4427 - 2007(E).
Designation
PE100
PE80
PE63
PE40
PE 100
In the early 1990s, a new type of PE material was developed in Europe with higher hoop strength giving rise to the PE100
classification. These materials are sometimes termed bimodal or 3rd generation because of the two stage polymerization
process used to produce them. PE100 materials produce stronger pipes which are used for higher pressure operation in gas and
water distribution systems.
A design engineer may wish to apply a greater safety factor depending on operating conditions and environmental
considerations.
7
Jain PE Pipes Design Details & Technical Characteristics
S.No. Features Characteristics

1 Life Expectancy PE Pipe has a Life Expectancy of 50 - 100 years.
Measurement Formula Typical Design Value
Absolute Roughness Colebrooke 0.000005 ft.
Design Value of Friction Factor “C” Hazen Williams 150 - 155
2
Frictional coefficient
Roughness Coefficient Manning Equation 0.009
Remains constant throughout its life span
PE pipe is normally joined by butt fusion method which creates a joint that is as strong or stronger than the
3 Joint
pipe itself, and is virtually leak free.
4 Leak Proof Butt-fused joints create a homogenous, monolithic joint leading to leak proof system.
Does not rust, rot, or corrode. Jain PE pipes are non-conducting and inert and hence immune to galvanic
and electrochemical corrosion. Jain PE pipes do not rust or corrode, both inside and outside. PE pipes do
Corrosion Resistance
5 not degrade due to biological effects. They are not digestible and do not contain ingredients that would
& Biological Effects
attract animals like rodents. The exceptionally smooth and flexible surfaces of the Jain PE pipes do not offer
any abrasion effects to rodent’s teeth like steel, CI and DI pipes.
6 Chemical Resistance PE pipe has excellent chemical resistance.
Black PE pipe containing 2 to 3.0% carbon black can be safely used outside in the sun without damage from
7 UV Protection
UV exposure.
8 Impact & Toughness Tough and good Impact Resistance.
Pressure Ratings & PE pipe is available in various sizes upto 1600 mm dia. and pressure ratings of PN-2.5, PN-4, PN-6, PN-8,
9
Dia. PN-10, PN-12.5 & PN-16 ( PN = kgf/cm²)
It is lighter than Metal or Concrete pipe.
10 Lightweight
It is easier to handle & install as compared to above materials.
PE pipe can be bent to a minimum radius of 25 times the pipe diameter. This flexibility of PE pipe allows it
11 Flexibility
to be curved under, over & around obstacles as well as directional changes.
12 Abrasion Resistance Good abrasion resistance as compared to other pipe. The performance ratio is 3:1 in favour of PE
ipe
ed p
rein glass
pipe
forc
ipe
PE
e
PVC
Fibr
rete
600 000
Clay P
Asbestos cement pipe

Conc
Load cycles N
400 000
200 000
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

Abrasion (mm)
13 Coiled Pipe PE pipe is also available in coil form upto 140mm dia. with specific SDR.
8
S.No. Features Characteristics

Found good in case of earth quake and soil settlement. Jain PE pipes have excellent resistance to
Earth quake / Soil Environmental Stress Cracking which is due to the combined actions of stress and the environment.
14
settlement resistance The strain ability of Jain PE pipes under stress is higher than any conventional pipes, thereby the pipes
never fail due to prism loads and soil settlement due to seasonal changes.
The water hammer effect in the Jain PE pipes are the lowest when compared to conventional pipes for
15 Water Hammer similar operating conditions, thereby reducing the number of safety appurtenances necessary in the
system as well the cost of maintenance.
Average E-Modulus
16 900 to 1200 Mpa.
(Mpa)
Temperature Effect
Jain PE pipes perform well over a wide range of temperatures ranging from -40°C to 45°C for pressure applications and upto
80°C for non-pressure gravity-flow applications. However for higher temperature applications, suitable pressure de-ratings
should be applied.
Exposed to sunlight installations of Jain PE pipes will be subjected to temperature rise and fall during day and night which will
cause pipe to change in length as it expands and contracts. Proper precautions should be taken for these linear expansions and
contractions to avert damages to the pipe joints. System design should accommodate changes in the pipeline due to linear
expansion or contraction. Expansion joints should not be used unless they are specially designed for PE pipe systems.
In case of above-ground and over head installations exposed to direct sunlight consult JISL Engineer or authorized dealer for
proper installation techniques to be adopted.
Temperature De-rating of PE Pipes (as per IS: 4984-1995 specifications)

Service Multiplication factor for 1.40
Temperature Pressure rating
20°C 1.24 1.20
Pressure Coefficient
25°C 1.12 1.00

30°C 1.00
35°C 0.88 0.80
40°C 0.76 0.60
45°C 0.64
50°C 0.52 0.40
55°C 0.40 0.20
60°C 0.28 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
63°C 0.18 Temperature °C
9
Regression Curves (Stress / Time curves)
PE 80
PE 100
Minimum Required Strength (MRS) and Design Stress

The MRS (Minimum Required Strength) classification of pipe is based on a 50 year life-cycle. This does not mean that the pipe
will fail at 50 years, because the design stress is calculated using the 97.5% lower confidence limit of the predicted stress,
coupled with a minimum safety factor of 1.25 (for water). Consequently when in service, the pipe is operating well below the
stress that would cause a failure at 50 years and the actual failure time due to creep is likely to be only after hundreds of
years.
10
All plastic materials used for the manufacture of pipeline systems are classified in accordance with ISO.
Classification is achieved by testing pipe samples at different temperatures and internal pressures and recording the time to
failure. The data is then extrapolated in accordance with ISO TR 9080 in order to predict the stress over 50 years. This classification
system is based on the predicted minimum required strength (MRS), which is the hydraulic stress that would cause failure after
50 years.
The MRS value increases at lower temperatures and vice versa. When designing pipelines for use at temperatures above 23°C
the correct MRS value must be therefore be used for the given operating temperature.
Since these regression curves are the root of the science of plastic piping, a somewhat detailed description is given below.
At a fixed temperature the pipe is put under a fixed hoop stress “s” and the failure time “t” is measured. A whole range of hoop
stresses is investigated (from 2 to 20MPa, depending on the polymer and the temperature), resulting in a whole range of failure
times (from 1 to 10,000 hours). The regression curve is calculated as log s = f (log t)
The long term hydrostatic strength sLTHS is the predicted mean strength at a given temperature, calculable over the whole
range of time (from 1h to 50 years). It is extrapolated from the 20/40/60/80 degree C curves (failure times measured from
1 hour to 10,000 hours = 416 days).
At 60°C and / or 80°C it may be possible to observe the knee before 10000 hours but at 20°C the knee should not be observed
before 10000 h - it can only be known through extrapolation. As the behaviour of a resin can not be known before starting its
regression curve, the exact failure times can not be predicted. In practice the creation of a regression could take 18 months or
more.
The permissible design stress is obtained by applying a safety factor (1,25 - 2,5) to the projected burst strength at 50 years.
The failure can be either ductile (which corresponds to creep rupture) or brittle (which corresponds to environmental stress
cracking). Ductile failure occurs at “high” hoop stress and gives a short failure time. Brittle failure occurs at “low” hoop stress
and gives a long failure time. The two kinds of failure give rise to a linear curve made of two branches of different slope : almost
horizontal for ductile failure (short failure time), and then steep for brittle failure (long failure time). The transition point between
the 2 modes of failure, which is represented by a change of slope on the regression curve, is called the knee of the regression
curve.
PVC as well as the latest grades of HDPE will not display a “knee” on the curves.
Ductile Failure
Ductile failure is a creep induced failure, or plastic deformation - the pipe stretches and deform itself under pressure. Ductile
failure resistance can be enhanced by increasing the crystallinity and therefore the density of the polymer. The material is then
stiffer.
In failure induced by creep, the failure time depends on the applied pressure. This means that a small change in pressure implies
a large change in failure time.
Brittle Failure
Brittle failure is the result of (ageing induced) environmental stress cracking (slow crack growth) through the disentanglement
of the polymeric chains. It can be prevented by increasing the entanglement (higher molecular weight, chain branching) time.
On the contrary, environmental stress cracking / slow crack growth corresponds to an ageing induced degradation of the
polymer. When the polymer becomes older, the polymeric chains disentangle themselves; micro cracks build and grow, so that
the polymer loses its stress resistance.
11
Operating Pressure
Hoop Stress, Internal Pressure & Wall Thickness
Classification of Pipe Material

Sr. Material MRS (Minimum Required Strength) Maximum Allowable
No. Grade of Material in MPA, at 20°C, 50 Hydrostatic Design Stress (r), MPa
Years Water Water For sewage and
At 20°C At 30°C Industrial Efficient
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
i) PE 63 6.3 5.0 4.0 3.0
ii) PE 80 8.0 6.3 5.0 4.0
iii) PE 100 10.0 8.0 6.3 5.0
Pressure Rating
Pipes shall be classified by pressure rating (PN) corresponding to the maximum permissible working pressure at 30°C,
as follows:
Pressure Rating of Pipe (PN) 2.5 4 6 8 10 12.5 16
Maximum Permissible Working Pressure (MPa) 0.25 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.60
Wall Thickness
Minimum wall thicknesses in mm of the pipe has been calculated as follows and rounded off to the next higher 0.1
mm
S=Pxd
2σ + P
where
P = maximum permissible working pressure in MPa at 30°C for 50 years of life;
d = nominal outside diameter in mm;
σ = specified maximum allowable hydrostatic design stress, in MPa at 30°C for 50 years of life.
The wall thickness of pipes are based on the maximum allowable hydrostatic design stress (σ) of 4.0, 5.0 and 6.3 MPa
at 30°C water temperature for 50 years of life, for the three grades of materials. In case of variation in water temperature,
the working pressure needs to be modified. However, occasional rise in temperature as in summer season with
concurrent corresponding reduction in temperature during night has no deleterious efffects on the life and working
pressure of the pipes.
Maximum wall thickness has been calculated as follows:
a) For pipes with an outside diameter less than or equal to 355 mm, maximum wall thickness = (1.1 x minimum wall
thickness + 0.2 mm).
b) For pipes with outside diameter equal to or greater than 400 mm, maximum wall thickness = (1.15 x minimum wall
thickness + 0.2 mm). rounded off to the next higher 0.1 mm.
12
Surge & Fatigue

It should be noted that thermoplastics such as modern HDPE and PVC-U respond to high rates of loading, i.e. as occurs with
pressure transients, by exhibiting greater strength and stiffness. This is because the materials’ molecular chain structure reacts
to resist the deformation. Hence, at high pressurisation rates pipes are better able to resist the higher stress levels associated
with surge. The strength of the material will increase with high rates of loading.
Surge and fatigue are often combined as a collective term. However, although both phenomena arise from the same events
(valves closing quickly, pump shut down etc.)
Typical values of E
Material E (MPa)
HDPE 800 - 1200
PP 800 - 900
PVC-U 3000 - 3500
GRP 10000 - 20000
Typical Physical Properties

Physical Properties Values Unit
Density (Base Density) 940.0 to 958.40 kg/m³
Melt Flow Index (190°C/2.16kg) < 0.3 g/10 min.
Melt Flow Index (190°C/5kg) 0.2 to 1.1 g/10 min.
Vicat Softening Point 120 - 130 °C
Crystalline Melting Range 130-133 °C
Viscosity Number 390 cm³/g
Mechanical Properties Values Unit

Shore D, Hardness 58 - 65 –
Tensile @ Yield 20 - 26 MPa
Ultimate Tensile 30 MPa
Ultimate Elongation at brack >600 %
Elastic Modulus 900 MPa
Flexural Stress (3.5% Deflection) 13.8 - 20.3 MPa
Notched Impact (Charpy) AcN 23°C 20 KJ/m²
Notched Impact (Charpy) AcN 30°C 6 KJ/m²
Thermal Stability 210°C >20 min.
Carbon Black content >2 %
Benefits of PE 100
Operating PE80 PE100 Material Saving % Gain in Cross Gain in Capacity %
Pressure section %
Water 10 bar SDR 11 SDR 17 33 16 35
Gas •<= 4 bar SDR 11 SDR 17 35 17 24
13
PE 100 polymer pipe therefore provides the opportunity to choose either:

• Higher operating working pressure
• Thinner walls and therefore lighter pipe
• Higher safety margin
• Bigger cross sectional area and improved flow
Details of Properties & Effect - HDPE Pipes

Time Property Effect
Short term Ductility Impact Resistance to rapid crack growth (RCP)
Long Term Strength Resistance to Internal Pressure
Stiffness Resistance to Loading
Flexibility Deformation under Stress
Short & long term Chemical resistance (ESCR) Resistance to Slow Crack Growth
Relationship between Pipe Stiffness, Pipe Stiffness Factor and Pipe Ring Stiffness
Pipe Stiffness
PS = F/rY
Where - PS is pipe stiffness
- F is the force necessary to deflect the pipe 5%
- rY is the vertical deflection
This is usually expressed as kPa.
Pipe Stiffness Factor

PSF = EI/r³
Where - PSF is the pipe stiffness factor
- E is the elastic modulus of pipe material
- I is the moment of inertia of the pipe wall
- r is the pipe radius
Pipe Ring Stiffness

PRS = EI / D³
Where - PRS is the pipe ring stiffness
- E is the elastic modulus of pipe material
- I is the moment of inertia of the pipe wall
- D is the pipe diameter
14
Relationships
0.149 PS = PSF = 8 PRS; PS = 6.71 PSF; PS = 53.69 PRS
Tabulation of relationship between PS, PSF and PRS

Pipe Stiffness Pipe Stiffness Factor Pipe Ring Stiffness
100 kPA 14.9 kN/m/m 1.860 kN / m / m
Design Guidelines
1) Survey & Plot L-Section
2) Calculate design discharge in LPS.
3) Calculate Static Head between starting point & end point
4) Finalise residual head required at discharge point
5) Find out residual chemical in fluid flowing through pipe and it’s short term and long term effect on piping material
check suitability.
6) Select appropriate Pipe Diameter.
7) Calculate Frictional Loss in Pipe.
8) Calculate Frictional Loss in Fittings.
9) Design in Telescopic Manner i.e. for next lower pressure class of pipe
10) Check surge / Water Hammer effect.
11) Abrasion Resistance (if required)
12) Check whether installation is Above or Below Ground or Under Water / Sea Water etc & give proper guidelines for installation.
Hydraulic Flow
Because of friction between the fluid and the pipe wall, there are pressure losses along a pipeline and hence the importance of
this parameter in the design of the system.
Hazen williams co-efficient for different pipe materials
One method of expressing the roughness and flow in a pipeline is
V = 0.849 C x R0.63 x S0.54
Where:
C is the ‘Hazen Williams’ co-efficient
V is velocity of flow
R is the hydraulic radius
S is the head (or pressure ) loss
In the following table are the values for C for different pipe materials.
Pipe New 25 yrs old 50 yrs old 100 yrs old Badly corroded
HDPE, PP & PVC 150 150 150 150 130
Smooth concrete & FRC 150 100 80 NR 100
Steel - Bitumen Lined / Galvanised 150 100 80 NR 60
Cast Iron 130 100 80 NR 50
Vitrified Clay 120 90 80 NR 45
Note: NR-Not Recommend
15
Water Hammer and Pressure Surge Considerations

Water Hammer in a piping system conveying any liquid is a high velocity pressure wave caused by a sudden change in liquid flow
velocity due to sudden opening or closing of valves, a pump shutdown or start-up, a pump failure or any other dynamic event.
The inherent advantages of Jain PE pipe, when compared to a rigid piping system lie in the materials ability to withstand
continous system pressures with additional surges resulting from above described dynamic events.
The flexibility and short term mechanical strengths of Jain PE pressure pipes allow short term surges above the design pressure
rating of the pipe. The low elastic modulus provides a quick dampening mechanism for shock loads. This property results in
lower surge pressures than in more rigid piping systems like Steel, Ductile Iron or PVC.
For the same liquid and velocity change, surge pressures in polyethylene pipe are about 86% less than in Steel pipe, about 80%
less than in Ductile Iron pipe and about 50% less than in PVC pipe.
Surges affect systems differently depending upon the system design, surge pressure magnitude and surge frequency.
Allowable surge pressure may be limited by the pressure ratings of pumps, valves, fittings, partially restrained joints or non
restrained joining methods or other fittings.
Recommended Flow Velocities

The maximum allowable flow velocity in Jain PE pipe is dependent upon the specific details of the system. If water systems
operate at rated pressures, velocities up to 5 ft./sec (1.5 m/s) will generally not exceed the 1.5 to 1 surge pressure guideline and
at 10 ft./sec (3 m/sec) the 2 to 1 guideline is generally not exceeded. Velocities as high as 25 ft./sec (7.6m/s) may be acceptable
provided surge pressure effects are controlled. These factors must be decided with the guidance of design experts.
Other relevant values
Pipe Roughness
Material k (mm)
Polyethylene & PVC 0.002
GRP 0.01
Steel, New 0.05
Galvanised Iron, New 0.15
Ductile Iron, New 0.5 - 1.0
Ductile Iron, Corroded 1.0 - 1.5
Expansion and Contraction

All plastics have co-efficients of expansion and contraction several times those of metals. This must be allowed for in any
installation by the use of expansion joints, expansion loops etc.
Material Co-efficient of expansion (K-1)
PVC-U & PVC-M 6 x 10-5
HDPE 20 x 10-5
LDPE 20 x 10-5
Steel 1.2 x 10-5
Copper 2.0 x 10-5
16
Result of Typical Test

Wear Rates of Plastics and Metals under abrasive slurries
Wear Rates (mm)

Material Coarse Sand Fine Sand
7 fps 15 fps 7 fps 15 fps
Steel 0.65 1.81 0.04 0.02
Aluminum 1.81 7.48 0.14 0.86
Polyethylene 0.06 0.46 nil 0.06
ABS 0.36 2.07 0.07 0.51
Acrylic 0.99 4.10 0.17 1.42
Ageing of Pipes
The deterioration of pipes with age depends upon the particular chemical properties of the liquid and the material with which
it is in contact. The effects of deterioration with age on roughness are so inconsistent that it is not possible to prepare tables or
charts to include this factor. It is recommended that prior experience be considered and local authorities consulted where it is
necessary to estimate the friction losses in old pipes or to allow for the ageing of new pipes. In the absence of experimental data
or other considerations which warrant the adoption of other values, the effect of ageing of pipes for the purpose of design
(period of 30 years) may be taken to decrease the discharges by 25 percent for cast iron and wrought iron pipes, 15 percent for
galvanized iron and riveted steel pipes and 5 percent for asbestos cement and concrete pipes, zero percent for HDPE Pipe.
Applicable BIS standards

IS - 4984 for Water Supply
IS - 14333 for Sewerage
IS - 7634 for Installation and Design.
17
Jain PE Pipes – Advantages
• Jain High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are manufactured in all three Grades - PE63, PE80 and PE100 strictly
conforming to Indian and International Standards as preferred by the clients.
• Jain High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipe can be used for conveying Raw Water, Potable Water, Sewage, Waster Water,
Slurries, Hazardous Effluents, Compressed Air, Compressed Gas & Cables very economically and it has a long proven
history of lowest repair frequency and maintenance cost compared to any available piping material.
• Jain PE piping systems are very strong, with good abrasion/corrosion resistance, flexibility and strainability under stress
compared to any available piping material.
• Jain PE piping systems have the lowest Water Hammer effect in pumping mains compared to any conventional piping
material making it trouble free and maintenance free as well as protecting the pumping system.
• Jain PE piping systems have good flow characteristics making it an energy saver contributing to the economy of system
cost and running cost.
• Jain PE Piping Systems are totally Corrosion Resistant and Chemical Resistant. They have high Resistance to
Tuberculation, Scaling and or Biological build-up.
• Jain PE pipes joints are monolithic whether Butt-Fused or Electro-fused and the joints are stronger than the pipe.
• With no infiltration or exfiltration the chances of contamination of conveyed water is totally eliminates thus reducing the
treatment cost.
• Reduced requirement of fittings required for cross country lines due to Flexibility of pipe due to allowable bending radius
of the pipe is 20 to 25 times the Diameter of Pipe.
• Lower installation cost due to Light Weight reducing the cost of handling equipment.
• Longer lengths i.e 12 metres in case of dia above 160mm and coils in less than 160mm reduces the jointing time & cost.
• Installed, tested and commissioned immediately as no joint setting time is required.
• Jain PE piping system meets all the requirements of a pipeline system which are toughness, strength, durability,
flexibility, trouble free service, nil or low maintenance and long life.
Effluent Disposal System 710-800 mm dia. PE Pipe at GIDC, Sarigam, Gujarat.
18
Jain PE Pipe – Applications
Jain Irrigation manufactures PE Pipes which are widely accepted in following applications.
Municipalities, Corporations & Utilities • Mine Drainage

• Pumping Mains for Water • Coal Tailings
• Water Distribution System • Slurry and Sludge Transport
• House Service Connections • De-watering
• Water Treatment Plant • Dust Suppression
• Force Main for Sewer • Sand Stowing
• Gravity Main for Sewer Industry

• Rehabilitation of Sewer Lines • Pulp & Paper
• Waste Water Treatment Plants. • Chemical Process Lines
• Aeration and Odour Control Ducting • Corrosive Liquids
• Infiltration Gallery • Effluent Disposal
• Landfill - Leachate Collection & Transportation • Building & Construction
• Landfill - Methane Collection & Transportation • Fertilizers
• Rice Mills
Infrastructure • Marine Intake and Outfall
• Natural and LP Gas Distribution
• Aquaculture
• Untreated and Treated Effluent
• Salt Pan
• Electrical Cable Ducting
• Fire Fighting Systems
• Stay Cable Pipe for Cable Stayed Bridges
• Material Handling - Pneumatic conveyance of particulates .
• Optical Fibre Cable Ducting • Fly-Ash Slurry and others
• Telecommunication Cable Ducting
• Desalination Plant Irrigation
• Culverts and Storm Water Drains • Rising Main & Distribution Systems
• Thermal & Nuclear Power Station • Lift Irrigation
• Hydel Power Plants • Drip Irrigation
• Dredging & Sand Stowing • Gated Pipe Irrigation
• Coal Bed Methane Gas • Sprinkler Irrigation
• Sub Soil Drainage

Mining Industry
• Leach Lines
• Coal Decant Systems
19
Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply
Range Ø 20 mm (0.5”) to 1600 mm (64”) with 2.5 to 25 kg/cm²

Standards IS 4984, ISO 4427, DIN 8074/75
Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in Coils upto 140mm OD size
Material Grades • PE-63 • PE-80 • PE-100
Applications
• Drinking Water Supply • Pumping main & Distribution Lines
• Lift & Gravity Irrigation • Suction & Delivery Pipes
• Drip & Sprinkler Irrigation Systems • Aquaculture & Salt Pan industry
• Infrastructure, Building & Construction Industry • Mining
Jain irrigation systems Ltd, manufactures PE Pipes suitable for various applications. Our PE pipes are specifically designed for
installing new pipelines using Open-cut as well as Trenchless technologies like Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) and replacing
old piping systems.
We offer complete solutions with polyethylene (PE) piping for new municipal projects, rehabilitation of existing water and sewer
systems, Road crossings and even River crossings. Using Jain PE pipe for water distribution and wastewater disposal systems,
will not only eliminate expensive water loss, but it will reduce water contamination and harmful waste pollution.
PE Pipe as a Potable Water Pipe Material

To protect the public health, every inhabited building must provide
a fresh and safe supply of “potable” water for drinking and an
effective system of removing of solid waste and waste water. The
greatest challenge facing municipalities today is coming to grips
with the fact that fresh water is a scarce resource. When confronted
by deteriorating water and sewage systems that leak, are expensive
to replace and susceptible to contamination, water management
experts are now looking at PE piping system as a virtually leak free
piping system which will resist corrosion and ground movement as
severe as earthquakes at a relatively low cost.
Why select PE Pipe? PE Distribution Network
For over 40 years, water utilities, have used polyethylene pipe as an

efficient piping system and are systematically engaging in a process 14
to replace concrete, cast iron and steel pipe with polyethylene.

12
Historically, while energy utilities have at least tried to use the best
materials available to transport natural gas because of its potential 10
harm to the public, water utilities have chosen to go with “whatever
works” because water leaks are rarely harmful to the public. As a
pH Range
8
Concrete
result water losses have typically been as much as 30% and above
PVC
PE
due to leaks in the other material piping system. 6
These losses were only acceptable because of the prevailing 4
view that fresh water is unlimited, free and safe.

2
But of course water is neither free or unlimited - it costs money to
0
pump it out of the ground and to purify it - and when it is wasted Material
20
because of a leak in the piping system, the economic and ecological cost is passed on to the customer as an operating expense.
Worse yet, water is not safe when it is contaminated or in short supply. Whenever we find our water contaminated, we either
think that it is the source of water itself or the piping system that transfers it to our homes. This ceases to be an issue in a leak
tight piping system.
Advantages of PE Pipe as Water Distribution Pipe
There are three main reasons for using polyethylene as a water main pipe material:
1) It will reduce water loss and contamination,
2) It is a practical and cost effective replacement for a deteriorating waterworks and sewage system, and
3) It is capable of handling a variety of environmental conditions from extreme cold, earthquakes and corrosive materials.
Leak Tight
Polyethylene pipe doesn’t leak because it doesn’t corrode and react with the surrounding medium. The heat fused joints
eliminate the possibility of root penetration and the loss of water every 10 to 20 feet as many have discovered with bell and
spigot connections in metal / concrete pipes.
Heat fusion makes a leak tight joint that is as strong as the pipe or stronger than the pipe itself and will last the life of the pipe.
Moreover, it’s so flexible that it can take up any soil movement caused by swelling, shrinking and even EARTHQUAKES.
Easy Installation
The combination of flexibility and leak free joints allow for unique
and cost effective types of installation methods that the other pipes
cannot use with bell and spigot connections. The flexibility of
polyethylene pipe allows to replace existing water or sewer system
utilizing the latest in pipe bursting and directional drilling
techniques.
With PE pipe you can revitalize your existing water main and sewer
system without incurring the huge cost of traffic interruption and
surface restoration. These techniques can save you time and money
in most of the applications and you won’t even know that your entire
system is being replaced. Because of its flexibility, polyethylene pipe
can be available in coils, providing low cost installations. Almost
one-eighth the density of steel, PE does not require the use of heavy
lifting and handling equipment for installation making it is easier to
handle and install than the heavier, rigid metallic, concrete or steel
Installation and Jointing of 110 mm dia. to 630 mm dia.
pipe. HDPE Pipe for Ramky Pharmacity, Vaizag.
Sturdy, Long Lasting and Cost Effective

PE pipe doesn’t corrode or support biological growth.
Only PE pipe, however, combines these attributes with the added benefits of heat fused joints, flexibility and fatigue
resistance.
With a much higher impact resistance than other plastic piping material, polyethylene pipe is a much better choice for any
installations where other pipes are more prone to cracks and breaks.
21
The flexibility of PE pressure pipe makes it perfect for shifting soils including areas prone to earthquakes and deserts.
It produces relatively low surge pressure and it can withstand repetitive pressure surges that exceed the static pressure rating
of the pipe giving it excellent resistance to water hammer events.
With the unique combination of flexibility and corrosion resistance, even conservative research shows that the life of a PE piping
system is at least hundred years when the pipe is properly selected and installed.
It’s light weight and flexibility allows for significant savings in labor and equipment, while its ability to handle extremely aggressive
fluids means less money for maintenance and repair.
Its smooth interior means less energy is required to pump water through it than for concrete or steel, saving considerable
money on pumping costs.
If one is looking for a new and effective way to solve the problem of a deteriorating water or sewer system, consider the benefits
of a leak free piping solution. Jain PE pipes are :
• Flexible • Fatigue Resistant
• Corrosion Resistant • Light Weight
• Leak Tight • Energy Efficient
• Capable of Optimum Flow Rates
Potable Water Applications

PE pipe has demonstrated, through years of testing and actual application, a projected service life of minimum 100 years.
560 mm slotted PE pipe for Infiltration System. Sewer Rehabilitation by Pipe in Pipe method (Slip lining) for Mumbai
Municipal Corporation
22
Dimensions of PE Pipe IS-4984:1995 (PE-63, PE-80, PE-100)

(Pressure Rating, PN in kgf/cm²)
PN 2.5 PN 4 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16
O.D.
PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100
(mm)
Minimum Wall -Thickness of Pipes (mm)
20 - - - - - - - - - - 2.3 - - 2.8 2.3 - 3.4 2.8 2.3
25 - - - - - - - 2.3 - - 2.8 2.3 - 3.4 2.8 2.3 4.2 3.5 2.9
32 - - - - 2.3 - - 3.0 2.4 - 3.6 3.0 2.4 4.4 3.6 2.9 5.4 4.5 3.7
40 - - 2.0 - 2.8 2.3 - 3.7 3.0 2.4 4.5 3.7 3.0 5.5 4.5 3.7 6.7 5.6 4.6
50 - - 2.4 2.3 3.5 2.9 2.3 4.6 3.8 3.0 5.6 4.6 3.7 6.8 5.6 4.6 8.4 6.9 5.7
63 2.0 - 3.0 2.5 4.4 3.6 2.9 5.8 4.7 3.8 7.0 5.8 4.7 8.6 7.0 5.7 10.5 8.7 7.1
75 2.3 - 3.6 2.9 5.3 4.3 3.5 6.9 5.6 4.5 8.4 6.9 5.6 10.2 8.4 6.8 12.5 10.4 8.5
90 2.8 2.3 4.3 3.5 6.3 5.1 4.1 8.2 6.7 5.4 10.0 8.2 6.7 12.2 10.0 8.2 15.0 12.5 10.2
110 3.4 2.7 5.3 4.3 7.7 6.3 5.0 10.0 8.2 6.6 12.3 10.0 8.1 14.9 12.3 10.0 18.4 15.2 12.4
125 3.8 3.1 6.0 4.9 8.8 7.1 5.7 11.4 9.3 7.5 13.9 11.4 9.2 16.9 13.9 11.3 20.9 17.3 14.1
140 4.3 3.5 6.7 5.4 9.8 8.0 6.4 12.8 10.4 8.4 15.6 12.8 10.3 19.0 15.6 12.7 23.4 19.4 15.8
160 4.9 4.0 7.7 6.2 11.2 9.1 7.3 14.6 11.9 9.6 17.8 14.6 11.8 21.7 17.8 14.5 26.7 22.1 18.1
180 5.5 4.4 8.6 7.0 12.6 10.2 8.2 16.4 13.4 10.8 20.0 16.4 13.3 24.4 20.0 16.3 30.0 24.9 20.3
200 6.1 4.9 9.6 7.7 14.0 11.4 9.1 18.2 14.9 12.0 22.3 18.2 14.8 27.1 22.3 18.1 33.4 27.6 22.6
225 6.9 5.5 10.8 8.7 15.7 12.8 10.3 20.5 16.7 13.5 25.0 20.5 16.6 30.5 25.0 20.4 37.5 31.1 25.4
250 7.6 6.1 12.0 9.7 17.5 14.2 11.4 22.8 18.6 15.0 27.8 22.8 18.4 33.8 27.8 22.6 41.7 34.5 28.2
280 8.5 6.9 13.4 10.8 19.6 15.9 12.8 25.5 20.8 16.8 31.2 25.5 20.6 37.9 31.2 25.3 46.7 38.7 31.6
315 9.6 7.7 15.0 12.2 22.0 17.9 14.4 28.7 23.4 18.9 35.0 28.7 23.2 42.6 35.0 28.5 52.5 43.5 35.5
355 10.8 8.7 17.0 13.7 24.8 20.1 16.2 32.3 26.3 21.2 39.5 32.3 26.2 48.0 39.5 32.1 59.2 49.0 40.0
400 12.2 9.8 19.1 15.4 28.0 22.7 18.2 36.4 29.7 23.9 44.5 36.4 29.5 54.1 44.5 36.2 - 55.2 45.1
450 13.7 11.0 21.5 17.4 31.4 25.5 20.5 41.0 33.4 26.9 50.0 41.0 33.1 - 50.0 40.7 - - 50.8
500 15.2 12.2 23.9 19.3 34.9 28.4 22.8 45.5 37.1 29.9 55.6 45.5 36.8 - 55.6 45.2 - - 56.4
560 17.0 13.7 26.7 21.6 39.1 31.7 25.5 51.0 41.5 33.5 - 51.0 41.2 - - 50.6 - - -
630 19.1 15.4 30.0 24.3 44.0 35.7 28.7 57.3 46.7 37.7 - 57.3 46.4 - - 56.9 - - -
710 21.6 17.4 33.9 27.4 49.6 40.2 32.3 - 52.6 42.4 - - 52.3 - - - - - -
800 24.3 19.6 38.1 30.8 55.9 45.3 36.4 - - 47.8 - - 58.9 - - - - - -
900 27.3 22.0 42.9 34.7 - 51.0 41.0 - - 53.8 - - - - - - - - -
1000 30.4 24.4 47.7 38.5 - 56.7 45.5 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Note : On demand other Pressure class & diameter are available.
23
Minimum Wall Thickness ISO 4427-2 2007(E)

PIPE SERIES
SDR 6 SDR 7.4 SDR 9 SDR 11 SDR 13.6 SDR 17 SDR 21 SDR 26 SDR 33 SDR 41
S2.5 S3.2 S4 S5 S6.3 S8 S10 S12.5 S16 S20
Nominal pressure ( PN ) bar
PE40 – PN10 PN8 – PN5 PN4 PN3.2 PN2.5 – –
PE63 – – – PN10 PN8 – PN5 PN4 PN3.2 PN2.5
PE80 PN25 PN20 PN16 PN 12.5 PN10 PN8 PN6 PN5 PN4 PN3.2
PE100 — PN25 PN20 PN 16 PN 12.5 PN 10 PN8 PN6 PN5 PN4
16 3.0 2.3 2.0 – – – – – – –
20 3.4 3.0 2.3 2.0 – – – – – –
25 4.2 3.5 3.0 2.3 2.0 – – – – –
32 5.4 4.4 3.6 3.0 2.4 2.0 – – – –
40 6.7 5.5 4.5 3.7 3.0 2.4 2.0 – – –
50 8.3 6.9 5.6 4.6 3.7 3.0 2.4 2.0 – –
63 10.5 8.6 7.1 5.8 4.7 3.8 3.0 2.5 – –
75 12.5 10.3 8.4 6.8 5.6 4.5 3.6 2.9 – –
90 15.0 12.3 10.1 8.2 6.7 5.4 4.3 3.5 – –
110 18.3 15.1 12.3 10.0 8.1 6.6 5.3 4.2 – –
125 20.8 17.1 14.0 11.4 9.2 7.4 6.0 4.8 – –
140 23.3 19.2 15.7 12.7 10.3 8.3 6.7 5.4 – –
160 26.6 21.9 17.9 14.6 11.8 9.5 7.7 6.2 – –
180 29.9 24.6 20.1 16.4 13.3 10.7 8.6 6.9 – –
200 33.2 27.4 22.4 18.2 14.7 11.9 9.6 7.7 – –
225 37.4 30.8 25.2 20.5 16.6 13.4 10.8 8.6 – –
250 41.5 34.2 27.9 22.7 18.4 14.8 11.9 9.6 – –
280 46.5 38.3 31.3 25.4 20.6 16.6 13.4 10.7 – –
315 52.3 43.1 35.2 28.6 23.2 18.7 15.0 12.1 9.7 7.7
355 59.0 48.5 39.7 32.2 26.1 21.1 16.9 13.6 10.9 8.7
400 – 54.7 44.7 36.3 29.4 23.7 19.1 15.3 12.3 9.8
450 – 61.5 50.3 40.9 33.1 26.7 21.5 17.2 13.8 11.0
500 – – 55.8 45.4 36.8 29.7 23.9 19.1 15.3 12.3
560 – – 62.5 50.8 41.2 33.2 26.7 21.4 17.2 13.7
630 – – 70.3 57.2 46.3 37.4 30.0 24.1 19.3 15.4
710 – – 79.3 64.5 52.2 42.1 33.9 27.2 21.8 17.4
800 – – 89.3 72.6 58.8 47.4 38.1 30.6 24.5 19.6
900 – – – 81.7 66.2 53.3 42.9 34.4 27.6 22.0
1000 – – – 90.2 72.5 59.3 47.7 38.2 30.6 24.5
1200 – – – – 88.2 67.9 57.2 45.9 36.7 29.4
1400 – – – – 102.9 82.4 66.7 53.5 42.9 34.3
1600 – – – – 117.6 94.1 76.2 61.2 49.0 39.2
1800 – – – – – 105.9 85.7 69.1 54.5 43.8
2000 – – – – – 117.6 95.2 76.9 60.6 48.8
24
Jain Insta Tracer Pipe – For Precise Location after Underground Burial
Jain Insta Tracer Pipe can be precisely located using the Electromagnetic Pipe Detection System. An EPD requires a
transmitter to directly induce a signal across the utility. The signal is then detected with a receiver. The transmission of
the signal requires a conductive element and therefore, the HDPE Piping has been coextruded with a conductive tracer
wire. The Wire is specially designed to withstand the corrosive and destructive effects of underground deployment.
The tracer wire is designed specifically for the purpose of detecting buried utilities.
A 12 SWG copper wire is used and a Poly ethylene jacket specially formulated for under ground use is extruded over it.
The Wire and PE Jacket are co extruded over the HDPE Pipe.
During Installation, the tracer wire is brought to the surface every 500 meters at access points like Valve boxes, Pump
Stations, Pressure Reducer Stations or other covered access devices.
Splices in the tracer wire shall be connected by means of a split bolt or compression type connector to ensure continuity.
After installation, the tracer wire shall be tested to verify continuity of the tracer wire system and a report indicating
continuity shall be submitted.
For detection a Transmitter is connected to the Tracer wire at the Access point.
The transmitter induces a select frequency signal in to the wire. A Detector tuned to the same frequency is moved on
the ground on the pipe route and this enables precise, meter by meter location of the underground Pipe.
Advantages:
Speedy and Safe Excavation for Maintenance and during Up Gradation Projects.
With this Precise detect ability O&M becomes efficient and safer as damage to other utilities is ensured. The heavy
penalties associated with damage to Gas Pipes and Telecom Cabling are also avoided. Pipe line owners can also mark
own line on the ground when Multiple agencies carry out Digging and save their systems.
Jain Sure Locator Pipes can be located precisely up to a depth of 5 meters in all types of Soil or concrete.
RFID Data Display on the Screen Instrument Electromagnetic Pipe Detection System
25
Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection
House Service Connection with Jain MDPE Pipes & Fittings
Residential Plots
Water Meter Female Threaded Plastic Ball

Compound Wall Adapter Float Valve
Ground Level
EF Tapping
Saddle Stop Tap Chamber
Compression Elbow
Distribution Main
Sump
Schematic diagram of House Service Connection
Range Ø 20mm (0.5”) to 630 mm (24”) with 2.5 to 25kg/cm²

Standards ISO-4427
Material Grades • PE-80 & PE 100 (Blue Colour) • PE-80 & PE 100 (Black With Blue Stripes)
Applications • Potable Water Distribution Network & Rising Main • House Service Connections
Jain PE pipes for House Service Connection are manufactured from PE-80 and PE-100 grade blue compounded material, having
WRAS certification, recommended world over for distribution of safe potable water under hygienic conditions.
• Very smooth inner surface ensures no scaling and choking.
• Has less friction loss and gives better flow at lower heads.
• Easy to transport and store as the pipes available in 100, 200 and 300 metre coils.
• No wastage of pipe as it can be cut to requirement at site.
• Less number of joints as the pipe is flexible and available in longer lengths.
• 100% leak-proof saving enormous quantity of water wasted in conventional piping system due to corroded leaky joints.
• Easy to repair as the pipes are flexible and joiners are with union and compression type joints.
• Easy tapping with speciality tapping joints.
• Tools-off installation possible with precision made fittings.
Jains Manufacture MDPE - HSC pipes with PE - 80 grade raw material of prime quality from Internationally renowned suppliers.
PE - 80 grade Polyethylene is a versatile, safe and Internationally accepted material for even Gas Distribution piping systems.
Distribution Pipe
It is recommended that Water Utilities providing protected drinking water should use PE-80 and PE-100 grade pipes. It is a well-
known fact that the soil in which the pipes are buried are of corrosive nature, which triggers outside corrosion of the conventional
pipes. Added to this, the leakage of electricity from the underground cables as well as spillage of chemicals and contamination
of subsoil with leaky sewerage and drainage pipelines add to the Galvanic and Chemical Corrosion of conventional pipes.
Dissolved Oxygen and Chlorine in the treated water accelerate the inside corrosion.
26
JAIN Polyethylene PE- 80 grade pipes conforming to ISO 4427 as well as IS 4984 & IS 14333 are available up to 1600mm diameter
in all pressure classes as per the standard. Installation of these pipes is easy. Tapping for the house service connection is also
made very easy with tapping tees and saddles and is totally leak-proof.
Total distribution and House Service Connection with JAIN polyethylene piping system is not only the way to provide the society
with safe drinking water but also to save the precious unaccounted for drinking water.
Safe Drinking Water

Drinking water is an essential commodity to the society, being supplied to all sections of the society, which includes healthy,
aged and sick. The importance of safe drinking water is vital and the quality of water must not be compromised in the short or
the long term. The quality of water does not just mean the toxicity of contaminants and their direct impact on health, but also
includes the way in which the consumer gets the water.
Influence of Materials
The influence of materials and substances in contact with drinking water should not be underestimated. Leaching of soluble
compounds can produce a direct effect on the taste, turbidity and color of the water. Many materials can support the growth of
microorganisms, which can cause deterioration in the microbiological quality of the water. Metabolic products produced as a
result of microbial growth can cause bad tastes and the development of slimes and flakes of microbial growth are also capable
of producing bad tastes and odours. In some cases, the physical degradation of a product in service can occur as a result of
microorganism growth.
Selection of Pipe Material

The pipe material selected for Conveying & Distributing potable water should ensure the following essential norms in a water
supply system:
• It should not give taste to water
• It should not change the appearance of the water
• It should not allow growth of microorganisms in the water in contact with the materials or on the surface of the
material.
• It should not release any elements / substances in to the water that may be of concern to public health.
• These conditions are in accordance with BS 6920 - Leaching tests for nonmetallic products for use in contact with
potable water.
• Jain Irrigation have got their PE pipes and fittings for potable water supply, successfully tested by WRc_NSF Ltd., UK in
accordance with BS 6920.
Typical House Service Connection details

27
Advantages of Jain HDPE House Service Pipe over the conventional GI Pipe
Jain HDPE House Service Pipe GI House Service Pipe

Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) shows PE is totally eco-friendly by its LCA shows that GI is not eco-friendly as it consumes more
low energy consumption both in process of production and energy in the process of production and usage.
usage.
The jointing is easy. No threading tools-spanners required. The jointing requires special tool kit for installation.
The joints are rubber sealed and corrosion proof. The joints get corroded and start contamination of water.
The system has very smooth bore and hence more flow with The system has rough bore and gets more pitted and rough
less head. due to corrosion and affects free flow
Due to air tight rubber seal joints, root ingress is totally Due to corroded joints, the joints become leaky and allows
avoided. root ingress which leads to choking.
Due to flexibility and long length, avoids use of extra fitting Due to its rigidity, lot of fittings have to be used to take the
to take contours at the site. contours at the site.
Very tough and inert material. Hence there is no damage Gets damaged easily in aggressive soil conditions due to
during digging of trenches. chemical corrosion.
Totally prevents sub soil water entering the system which Due to leaky joints, the potability of water is contaminated
safe guards potability of water conveyed. by subsoil water entering the system.
The system installation is easy due the compression type Takes lot of time to install and holds up Water Supply and
joints and saves time in installation. installation.
The system is cost effective. The system is expensive.
Typical House Service Connection details
28
Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems
Range Ø 63mm (2.5”) to 1600 mm (64”) with 2.5 to 16 kg/cm²

Standards IS 14333, IS 10910
Material Grades • PE-63 • PE-80 • PE-100 (Black Colour) • PP-H100 • PP-B80 • PP-R80
Applications
• Sewerage • Effluent Conveyance & Waste Disposal Lines • Lining of Existing Sewerage lines
• Marine & Submarine Lines • Salt Pan Industries • Chemical Conveyance
• Dredger Pipes • Ash Slurry Conveyance • Mining
Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. manufacture PE pipes suitable for sanitation, sewer and effluent systems. In our world, everything
begins and ends with water. We spend most of our time looking for new and innovative ways of acquiring water, but very little
time thinking of ways to deal with the waste water. In an Ideal Water Management System, the supply of water for usage and
later on its transfer to a sewage or wastewater treatment facility is equally important.
Otherwise we risk contaminating the water supply leading to health and environmental hazards.
Sewer Pipe for Sanitation Systems

It is no secret that mostly sanitary and sewer systems across the world are obsolete and in a serious state of neglect.
At Jain Irrigation, we believe that piping is a big part of the problem and also the solution.
As we see it, piping is literally the artery through which water is supplied and then discharged.
The problem is that most sewage systems use a piping material that is easily corroded, hard to handle and difficult to repair or
replace.
Polyethylene Pipe promises to be a long-term and cost effective solution to this problem. It is well suited for a wide range of
sewage applications in all sorts of circumstances. Its inherent physical characteristics make it impervious to the extremely
aggressive and corrosive materials associated with sewage systems. Polyethylene pipe is light weight, flexible, durable, corrosion
resistant and leak tight making it easier to install than any other pipe material. These features and its exceptional flow rate make
it ideal for transferring extremely aggressive materials and will greatly reduce pumping and treatment costs.
Why Use PE Pipe for Sanitation, Sewer and Effluent Systems ?

The biggest concern facing communities with a deteriorating sewage system is the cost of installation and surface disruption.
The installation or rehabilitation of a sewer system main can be significantly faster and easier with PE pipe. This is primarily due
to the pipe’s lighter weight, ease of handling, and its suitability for trench less technologies like Pipe Bursting or Horizontal
Directional Drilling. Because of its flexibility, PE pipe can be shaped during its installation to curve around obstructions and
angles without difficulty. Its light weight allows you to pull long assembled lengths of the pipe through long difficult tunnels
under roads and structures with little effort at greatly reduced costs. These benefits and many others make it a serious contender
as a sewage piping solution.
If you are thinking about making a long term investment in a sewage infrastructure system for your town or city, let our
experience with sewage piping applications help you to make the right decision for all concerned.
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Sewer and Drain

Jain Irrigation is a leading manufacturer of PE pipes for Municipal,
Sewer, Industrial Effluent and Wastewater Systems.
We are one of the largest producers of pressure-rated PE pipe up to
1600mm dia. For new construction, Horizontal Directional Drilling
applications, Pipe Bursting or Trenchless replacement of existing
lines,
Jain PE pipe offers innovative products for sewer and wastewater
applications.
Specify Jain PE for
• Forced Sewer Mains
• Pipeline Rehabilitation / Trenchless Pipeline Replacement
• Combined Storm & Sanitary Sewer Lines
• Sea Intake & Outfall Lines 1200 mm dia. PE pipe PN6 for pumping sewer, Kolkata.
• Industrial Effluent Disposal

Practical, Cost-Effective Solutions:
The degradation and corrosion of the sanitary, storm and sewer systems in India are a natural fact. Jain PE pipe offers a long-
term, cost effective solution to handle these situations. The inherent physical properties and design potential of PE pipe present
an ideal combination in meeting the critical demands of water and wastewater piping systems.
Eliminates Long-Term Effects of chemicals
Corrosion is one of the major problems faced today in sewer and wastewater lines. Jain PE piping products will not corrode.
They are immune to most chemicals, microbiological agents and scale buildup. In addition, they will not rust or deteriorate and
are proven to be fully resistant to the forces of organic and inorganic corrosion.
Designed for Years of Reliable Performance
There is no better material available in the market that offers more durability than PE. Our pipe product offers assurances of
years of reliable performance without degradation and is made from highest grade resins under demanding design and
production standards. Due to the visco-elastic nature of the polyethylene material, this pipe can withstand severe pressure
surges, ground shifts and freezing without any breaks or disjointing.
Fully Restrained, Fusion Joints
The butt fusion process to join PE pipe provides for a precision heat weld as strong as the pipe wall. A properly fused pipe
eliminates root penetration, infiltration and exfiltration of the joint. The fusion bond also creates a fully restrained joint. The
strength of the joint enhances the flexibility and resiliency of the whole line, permitting bending and flexing.
Improved Flow Rates:
The exceptionally smooth inner surface of PE pipe presents minimal resistance to fluids, effluent and materials in flow. The
original flow dynamics remain relatively constant for the entire life of the pipe. This is unlike other piping products that must
allow for a reduction in flow capacity over time. Therefore, using Jain PE Pipe, a higher maximum flow rate for a given size can
be predicted, compared to other types of piping materials.
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Abrasion Resistance:
PE offers far better abrasion resistance than the conventional Cement and Metal pipes and hence is a preffered pipe for Sewer
Effluent and Mining Sectors.
Faster and Easier Construction:
The construction of a new forced sewer main can be significantly faster and easier with Jain PE Pipe. This is due to the pipe’s
lighter weight, ease of handling, fusion capabilities and the reduced trenching parameters. A narrower trench is typical procedure
since the crews do not have to enter the trench during the pipe laying process. Long lengths of pipe are fully assembled outside
and parallel to the trench and then slipped into the trench in a simple, quick operation. Since PE is flexible, it can bend during
installation to position in the trench. In addition, it can curve around obstructions and angles within the trench path. Another
cost saving advantage of PE is trench less applications where the lengths of pipe are pulled through tunnels underneath roads
or structures through the use of a pulling head.
Drilling Rig
Exit Pit
Design Grade
Rock Head
Typical Horizontal Directional Drilling Sketch
Trench less Applications – Horizontal Directional Drilling

Jain PE Pipe is an ideal choice for horizontal and directional drilling applications. The inherent properties of PE accommodate all
the desired performance characteristics needed for this demanding application.
Horizontal Directional Drilling
This “State of the Art” technology is one which is used with PE pipe. This is done with a minimum of disruption to surface
activities and other underground services.
Horizontal Directional drilling is ideal for installing infrastructure beneath highways, roads, and railway tracks, without affecting
traffic load on these networks. The technology can also be used for crossing of rivers, streams, lakes and buildings.
Pipe Bursting
On a worldwide scale, old water, sewer or gas mains have often suffered severe failures due to corrosion, tree root infestation,
pipe settlement and misaligned pipe joints. Over the years this has lead to leakages in the pipes and formation of sink holes,
which in turn becomes a danger to the public.
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Pipebursting is proven method for trench less pipe renewal by following the existing pipeline bore path. The old pipe (from ND
50) buried in the ground is broken and the fragments displaced whilst simultaneously pulling in the new pipe, which is often
Power Unit
New Pipe
Old Pipe
Bursting Unit
Typical Pipe Bursting Sketch
larger in diameter, thus increasing existing capacity. Pipe bursting renews pressure and sewage pipes made of vitrified clay, cast
iron, ductile iron, steel, asbestos cement, plastic as well as some concrete sewage pipes. Daily replacement productivity levels
of 200m per day are common place.
For trench less pipe replacement, Jain PE Pipe are used in pipe bursting projects. This type of installation requires little or no
trenching.
Sewer line for Ramky Pharmacity, Vizakapatanam Jointing of 1200 mm dia. PE Pipe for Pumping Sewer for Kolkata Environment
Improvement Project, Kolkata
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Dimensions of PE Pipes for Sewerage - IS-14333:1996, (with amendment no.1) PE-63, PE-80, PE-100)
(Pressure Rating, PN in kgf/cm²)
Outside PN 2.5 PN 4 PN 6 PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16

Dia. PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100 PE-63 PE-80 PE-100
(mm) Minimum Wall -Thickness of Pipes (mm)
63 - - 4.0 3.0 5.8 4.4 3.6 7.5 5.8 4.7 9.0 7.0 5.8 10.9 8.6 7.0 13.3 10.5 8.7
75 3.0 2.3 4.7 3.6 6.9 5.3 4.3 8.9 6.9 5.6 10.8 8.4 6.9 13.0 10.2 8.4 15.8 12.5 10.4
90 3.6 2.8 5.7 4.3 8.2 6.3 5.1 10.6 8.2 6.7 12.9 10.0 8.2 15.6 12.2 10.0 19.0 15.0 12.5
110 4.4 3.4 6.9 5.3 10.0 7.7 6.3 13.0 10.0 8.2 15.8 12.3 10.0 19.0 14.9 12.3 23.2 18.4 15.2
125 5.0 3.8 7.9 6.0 11.4 8.8 7.1 14.8 11.4 9.3 17.9 13.9 11.4 21.6 16.9 13.9 26.4 20.9 17.3
140 5.6 4.3 8.8 6.7 12.8 9.8 8.0 16.5 12.8 10.4 20.0 15.6 12.8 24.2 19.0 15.6 29.5 23.4 19.4
160 6.4 4.9 10.0 7.7 14.6 11.2 9.1 18.9 14.6 11.9 22.9 17.8 14.6 27.6 21.7 17.8 33.7 26.7 22.1
180 7.2 5.5 11.3 8.6 16.4 12.6 10.2 21.2 16.4 13.4 25.8 20.0 16.4 31.1 24.4 20.0 37.9 30.0 24.9
200 8.0 6.1 12.5 9.6 18.2 14.0 11.4 23.6 18.2 14.9 28.6 22.3 18.2 34.5 27.1 22.3 42.2 33.4 27.6
225 9.0 6.9 14.1 10.8 20.5 15.7 12.8 26.5 20.5 16.7 32.2 25.0 20.5 38.8 30.5 25.0 47.4 37.5 31.1
250 10.0 7.6 15.7 12.0 22.8 17.5 14.2 29.5 22.8 18.6 35.8 27.8 22.8 43.2 33.8 27.8 52.7 41.7 34.5
280 11.2 8.5 17.5 13.4 25.5 19.6 15.9 33.0 25.5 20.8 40.0 31.2 25.2 48.3 37.9 31.2 - 46.7 38.7
315 12.6 9.6 19.7 15.0 28.7 22.0 17.9 37.1 28.7 23.4 45.0 35.0 28.7 54.4 42.6 35.0 - 52.5 43.5
355 14.2 10.8 22.2 17.0 32.3 24.8 20.1 41.8 32.3 26.3 50.8 39.5 32.3 - 48.0 39.5 - 59.2 49.0
400 16.0 12.2 25.0 19.1 36.4 28.0 22.7 47.1 36.4 29.7 57.2 44.5 36.4 - 54.1 44.5 - - 55.2
450 18.0 13.7 28.2 21.5 41.0 31.4 25.5 53.0 41.0 33.4 - 50.0 41.0 - - 50.0 - - -
500 20.0 15.2 31.3 23.9 45.5 34.9 28.4 - 45.5 37.1 - 55.6 45.5 - - 55.6 - - -
560 22.4 17.0 35.0 26.7 51.0 39.1 31.7 - 51.0 41.5 - - 51.0 - - - - - -
630 25.2 19.1 39.4 30.0 57.3 44.0 35.7 - 57.3 46.7 - - 57.3 - - - - - -
710 28.4 21.6 44.4 33.9 - 49.6 40.2 - - 52.6 - - - - - - - - -
800 32.0 24.3 50.0 38.1 - 55.9 45.3 - - - - - - - - - - - -
900 36.0 27.3 56.3 42.9 - - 51.0 - - - - - - - - - - - -
1000 40.0 30.4 - 47.7 - - 56.7 - - - - - - - - - - - -
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B-Sure PE Gas Pipes
Range Ø 20 (0.5”) to 315 mm (12”) and SDR 9,11,13.6,17.6

Standards IS 14885, ISO 4437
Length Available in straight Lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and
in Coils upto 140mm OD size
Material Grades • PE-80 (Yellow) • PE-100 (Orange) • PE-80 (Black)
Applications
• Natural Gas/ Vapourised LPG Conveyance and Distribution
• Other Industrial Gases Distribution
• Landfill & Leachate Gas Extraction and Conveyance
A History of Proven Performance Electrofusion Fittings
Gas Distribution was among the first applications of Medium Density Polyethylene (PE) pipe. In fact, many of the systems currently
in use have been in continuous service since 1960 with great success. Today, over 90% of the pipe installed for the natural gas
distribution industry is plastic, and of that, 99% is polyethylene. PE is the material of choice not only in India, but also worldwide.
Jain PE Gas Pipe provides the safest, most cost effective solution for Piped Gas Distribution systems.
Performance: Proven reliability with over millions of meters of gas pipe installed.
Cost Effective: Jain PE Gas pipe is the quickest and easiest to install. No special calculating, measuring, or guess work is required
to install. Easy to repair.
Safety and Dependability: With over a decade of vigorous testing and field usage, the Jain PE Gas pipe has proven that it will
exceed the life expectancy, tensile pull, burst pressures, and elevated temperature stress rupture points of the PE pipe itself.
Advanced Feature: Manufactured from a high performing special grade compounded raw material PE80 & PE100, having the
British Gas Technologies Phase I & Phase II approval.
• Higher resistance to fatigue and vibration. • Higher resistance to stress cracking.
• Higher resistance to abrasion. • Higher resistance to moisture absorption.
• Higher flexibility. • Higher PH resistance.
• Higher chemical resistance. • Suitable for working pressure up to 7 Bar.
• Better temperature resistance from -40°C to 45°C.
These advantages give confidence to gas engineers the world over to specify PE pipe for their distribution systems. The
performance requirements for PE gas pipe are governed by BIS, ASTM and other standards.
Mechanical & Physical Properties of pipes
S. No. Property Units Requirements Test Parameters Test Method
1 Wall Thickness mm PE-80 & PE-100 SDR Series -- ISO-3126
Failure time > 100 h PE-100- 12.4 MPa-20°C
2 Hydrostatic Strength (HS) hours Failure time > 1000 h PE-100- 5.0 MPa-80°C ISO-1167
3 Density Kg/m³ > 930 23°C ISO-1183, ISO-1872/1
4 Thermal Stability Min. > 20 200°C ISO/TR10837
(Oxidation induction time)
5 Melt Flow Rate (MFR) g/10 Min 0.2 to 1.1 190°C-5 Kg ISO-4440/1
6 Tensile Strength MPa 15 Min 23°C IS: 14885
7 Elongation at Break % 350 Min 23°C IS: 14885
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B-Sure PE Gas Pipes
Gas Pipe Dimensions

SDR 17.6 SDR 13.6 SDR 11 SDR 9
Outer Dia.
MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX
mm
Wall Thickness mm
16.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.4
20.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.4
25.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.4
32.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.6 4.1
40.0 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.5 5.1
50.0 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.2 4.6 5.2 5.6 6.3
63.0 3.6 4.1 4.7 5.3 5.8 6.5 7.1 8.0
75.0 4.3 4.9 5.5 6.2 6.8 7.6 8.4 9.4
90.0 5.2 5.9 6.6 7.4 8.2 9.2 10.1 11.3
110.0 6.3 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.0 11.1 12.3 13.7
125.0 7.1 8.0 9.2 10.3 11.4 12.7 14.0 15.5
140.0 8.0 8.9 10.3 11.5 12.7 14.1 15.7 17.4
160.0 9.1 10.2 11.8 13.1 14.6 16.2 17.9 19.8
180.0 10.3 11.5 13.3 14.8 16.4 18.2 20.1 22.3
200.0 11.4 12.7 14.7 16.3 18.2 20.2 22.4 24.8
225.0 12.8 14.2 16.6 18.4 20.5 22.7 25.1 27.8
250.0 14.2 15.8 18.4 20.4 22.7 25.1 27.9 30.8
280.0 16.0 17.7 20.6 22.8 25.4 28.1 31.3 34.6
315.0 17.9 19.8 23.2 25.7 28.6 31.6 35.2 38.7
355.0 20.2 22.4 26.1 28.9 32.3 35.7 39.7 43.8
400.0 22.8 25.2 29.4 32.5 36.4 40.2 44.7 49.3
450.0 25.6 28.3 33.1 36.6 41.0 45.2 50.3 55.5
500.0 28.5 31.5 36.8 40.6 45.5 50.2 55.8 61.5
560.0 31.9 35.2 41.2 45.5 51.0 56.2 - -
630.0 35.8 39.5 46.3 51.1 57.3 63.2 - -
Application: Jain Polyethylene Gas pipe are suitable for Gas distribution network both for domestic & industrial consumption. PE-100 SDR
7 & 9 are suitable for use in cross country gas conveyance pipeline systems.
Jain Gas Pipe Jain Gas Pipe in coil
35
B-Sure PE Gas Pipes
36
B-Sure PE Gas Pipes
37
B-Sure PE Gas Pipes
38
Jain PE Landfill Gas Extraction Pipes
PE Landfill Gas Pipe

Landfill conditions present unique challenges for any piping system. In a landfill, a piping system will have to withstand external
loads, be highly resistance to corrosive chemicals and harsh environmental conditions. The flexibility and light weight features
of polyethylene pipe make it easy to assemble and install especially where conditions are far from perfect. One of the biggest
advantages of using our pipe is its promise of leak free operation. Because our landfill gas pipe can be joined by heat fusion,
landfill gas can be transferred to the processing plant without any fear of leakage and harm to the surrounding environment.
As with many sanitary landfill projects, corrugated high density polyethylene pipe is used for leachate collection. The inert
properties of PE pipe allow it to handle strong leachate solutions ranging in pH from 1.5 to 14. The leak free pipe ensures that
the landfill doesn’t violate any regulations by contaminating the groundwater.
Features : Jain PE pipes for landfill gas extraction are most suitable for the specific requirements demanded by the waste
disposal environment due to their capacity to withstand temperatures beyond 40°C with high resistance to leachate chemical
attack. They are flexible enough to withstand the unstable soil structure in the waste dump and have long life with low
maintenance. All the above reasons make them most ideal for the application of landfill gas extraction at economical cost.
Jain PE Screen
Type of Screen: The screens are available in horizontal slots configuration as well as perforated (round hole) configuration. Slot
sizes of 1.5 mm width or 5 mm diameter round holes onwards are available.
Pattern of Screen: The pattern of slotting is available according to site/customer requirement either covering 2/3rd of the pipe
or total circumference of the pipe.
Size and Range: Jain PE screen is available in all sizes from 50 mm OD through 315 mm OD and higher. Two ranges of pipes are
available as per table. Any special requirement will be made available on request. Type of Joints Jain Casing and Screens are
available with butt-fusion welding joint for lateral application and with threaded flush joints for well assembly. The joints are
also totally corrosion resistant and are free of maintenance. Self-restrained Sure-Loc™ joints are also available on request.
Length of Pipe: Jain screens are available from 1 to 6 metres and
casing of 5, 6 and 12 metres lengths as per customer/site
requirement.
PE Specials: Jain Landfill Gas extraction and waste disposal PE pipes
are available with complete range of fittings like Bends
(30°/45°/60°/90°), Equal Tees, Reducer Tees, Stub Ends, Reducers,
End-caps and Blind Flanges. Any other special fittings required for
site needs are provided on request and drawing.
Specification: Jain PE Landfill Gas extraction pipes are manufactured
from PE pipes conforming to IS:4984, DIN: 8074/75 and DIN 19537.
Application: Jain PE Landfill Gas extraction pipes are used in
municipal waste dumps as tube-well casing and screens for the
extraction of methane gas which is used for power generation.
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Jain PE Landfill Gas Extraction Pipes
Dimension (mm) and Pressure Class IS: 4984/95 Dimension (mm) and Pressure Class IS: 4984/95
Outer Wall Thickness (mm) PE - 80 Outer Wall Thickness (mm) PE - 63
Diameter (mm) (6 Bar) (10 Bar) Diameter (mm) (6 Bar) (10 Bar)
50 2.9 4.6 50 3.5 5.6
63 3.6 5.8 63 4.4 7.0
75 4.3 6.9 75 5.3 8.4
90 5.1 8.2 90 6.3 10.0
110 6.3 10.0 110 7.7 12.3
125 7.1 11.4 125 8.8 13.9
140 8.0 12.8 140 9.8 15.6
160 9.1 14.6 160 11.2 17.8
180 10.2 16.4 180 12.6 20.0
200 11.4 18.2 200 14.0 22.3
225 12.8 20.5 225 15.7 25.0
250 14.2 22.8 250 17.5 27.8
280 15.9 25.5 280 19.6 31.2
315 17.9 28.7 315 22.0 35.0
Dredge Pipe
Jain Irrigation manufactures leak free PE pipe which can be used for marine and hydraulic dredging industries. PE dredge pipe
is well suited for salt water environments with high levels of chlorine. Polyethylene is inert to salt water and is highly resistant
to the chlorine that is frequently added to water intake lines. Its flexibility and light weight make it easy to handle and install in
water environments. For the development of waterways, pond dredging, land reclamation, sludge dewatering, trout ponds and
the restoration of lakes, ponds, rivers, marsh or swamp environments, PE pipe could be the answer.
Drainage Pipe Applications

The main reason for installing drainage pipe is fourfold: to make land more accessible, to conserve land for future use, increasing
crop yields and crop diversification. But in addition to its agricultural uses as a drainage tile, drainage pipe can also be used to
drain residential lawns and golf courses. PE drainage pipe applications include:
• Subsurface Drainage
• Ground Water Collection
• Building or Foundation Drainage
• Landscaping Drainage
• Golf Course Drainage
• Field Drainage Tile
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Jain PE Pipe for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System
Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd manufactures PE pipes for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System and Drainage applications.
Dimensions of PE Sprinkler Pipes of material grades PE 63, 80 & 100 as per IS:14151 (Part-1)-1999
Nominal Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

Nominal Outside Ovality
Tolerance (0.25 Mpa) (0.32 Mpa) (0.4 Mpa) (0.6 Mpa)
Dia Dia
on Outside Dia mm Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
40 40.0 +0.4 1.4 - - - - - - 2.3 2.8
50 50.0 +0.5 1.4 - - - - 2.0 2.4 2.9 3.4
63 63.0 +0.6 1.5 - - 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.8 4.4
75 75.0 +0.7 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.4 4.5 5.2
90 90.0 +0.8 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.5 4.1 5.3 6.1
110 110.0 +1.0 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.2 4.8 6.5 7.4
125 125.0 +1.2 2.5 3.1 3.6 3.8 4.5 4.8 5.5 7.4 8.3
140 140.0 +1.3 2.8 3.5 4.1 4.3 5.0 5.4 6.1 8.3 9.3
160 160.0 +1.5 3.2 3.9 4.5 4.9 5.6 6.2 7.0 9.4 10.6
180 180.0 +1.7 3.6 4.4 5.0 5.5 6.3 6.9 7.8 10.6 11.9
200 200.0 +1.8 4.0 4.9 5.6 6.1 7.0 7.7 8.7 11.8 13.2
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Jain Silicoat PE OFC Duct

Range Micro Duct - Ø 3/1.5, 5/3.5, 7/5.5, 8/4.4, 10/5.5, 10/7.6, 10/8, 12/8, 12/10, 14/10 & 16/10 mm
OFC Duct - 29/23, 32/26, 32/27, 32/28, 40/33, 40/34.2, 50/42, 50/43 mm OD/ID
Standards BSNL (TEC) Specification, inhouse
Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in coils upto 140mm OD
Material Grade • PE-63 • PE-80 in different colours
Applications • Optical Fiber Cable (OFC) Ducting for Telecom / Data Networks • Electric Cable Ducting
• Co-Extrusion process was developed in-house by JAINS in their R&D facility during 1993.
• Jain PE Ducts (Permanently Lubricated) is the result of innovative development in co-extrusion by JAINS.
• It is the versatile and unique solution for High Speed Air Blowing (HSAB) of Optical Fibre Cable (OFC).
• Jain Cable Ducts are manufactured with state-of-the-art machinery using latest processing technology and fulfill the
performance requirement of National & International specifications.
• Approved by BSNL under TEC specification GR/CDS-08/02 November 2004. Common sizes are 40/33, 40/34.2, 50/42 &
32/26
• Approved vendor and supplier to PGCIL, IOCL, GSPL, BSNL, MTNL Tata Tele, Airtel, Aircel, Vodafone, Hutch in India and
also many customers in other countries as well like Alcatel, France. Capable of manufacturing tailor-made as per
specifications to suit customer’s requirements.
• Supplied in coils of various lengths up to diameter 110mm.
• Supplied with pre-inserted PP rope on request.
Jain Silicoat™ PE OFC Duct
Jain Silicoat™ PE OFC Duct is extruded from selected high quality
virgin PE material and co-extruded with special lubricant that is
distributed uniformly along the entire inner surface of the duct
providing a low friction smooth surface for easy cable drawing or
blowing. The outer PE make the pipe more tough and durable and
enables the duct to withstand the pressure during HSAB of cable as
well as retains the roundness under soil pressure and traffic load.
Jain Self Lubricated PE Duct
The above ducts are also available with homogenous construction to
give a smooth finish and low co-efficient of friction. Jain SLB PE Ducts
have the same constructional stability and strength as that of Jain
Silicoat™ PE Duct.
Jain Ribbed Walled Duct
Jain ducts can also be supplied with inner lubricated area in ribbed
form. Ribbed Wall is ideal for pulling or jetting cable, thus reducing
surface contact with cable during installation. It is available in various
sizes and colours.
Jain PLB Spiro Zoom OFC Duct
Is a duct specially designed for rapid and safe blowing of OFC over
long distances.
42
Spirally ribbed construction design has been validated using wind tunnel experiments and the ideal design has been
identified.
Friction is a critical limiting factor in determining the type and length of cable installation.
Longitudinal ribbing results in a reduction of the contact surface between the cable and the conduit wall from an area to a line
of contact. Decreasing the area of contact under the same sidewall load results in a higher localized normal force. Within a
limited range of sidewall loads, the COF is found to go down – at least until the loading cause’s localized damage to the jacket
sheath.
Spiral ribbing further reduces the contact area from a line to a series of points. In addition, because the advancing cable is
alternately on and off the ribbing, there is an Opportunity for cooling and re-lubrication. Constantly changing the direction of
the spiral eliminates the tendency to accumulate spiral-induced torque in the cable.
Further the forward spiral blow of air created by the spiral ribs keep the OFC moving and away from the duct walls. The
combined effect of above facilitates safe and rapid blowing of above 2100 meters OFC at a time.
At the time of replacement the existing cable can be de blown just as easily. The other vital advantage is the stress-free nature
of the installation.
Technical Specification for Jain PLB HDPE Duct

S.N Test Unit Standard Value
1 Tensile Strength N/MM² >20
2 Elongation % >500
3 Reversion % Not change more than 3% in the longitudinal
direction
4 ESCR (As per D1693 96 hours Sample should not crack during test period
5 Impact Strength Kg The duct shall not crack or split (at 10 kg load)
The deflection with load % <10
6 Crush Resistance
The deflection after recovery % <2
7 Mandrel test The mandrel shall be passed freely through a 5 mtr length
of duct, when the duct is bent to a radius of 5 mtrs.
8 Oxidation Induction Test Minutes >30
9 Internal Coefficient of Friction Not more than <0.06
10 Melt Flow Rate (at 5 kg, 190°C) gm/10 min 0.2 to 1.1
11 Density (Finished Product i.e. Pipe) gm/cc 0.940 to 0.958
12 Hydraulic Chracteristics at Temp 80°C
Test Duration Induced Stress The sample shall not show sign of localised swelling
Type test or leakage & shall not burst during the test period
165 hrs 3.5 Mpa
Acceptance test 48 hrs 3.8 Mpa
13 Ash Content % 0.3 Max
43
Dimension Sizes for PLB HDPE Duct

Standard OD Tolerance on Wall Inner Layer Wall Tensile Strength Co-efficient
dimensions mm Thickness Thickness Min (N/MM²) of Friction
(OD/ID) mm mm
29/23 29 + 0.3 3 ± 0.2 0.24 to 0.36 20 <0.06
32/26 32 + 0.3 3 ± 0.2 0.24 to 0.36 20 <0.06
32/27 32 + 0.3 2.5 ± 0.15 0.20 to 0.30 20 <0.06
32/28 32 + 0.3 2.0 ± 0.2 0.24 to 0.36 20 <0.06
40/33 40 + 0.4 3.5 ± 0.2 0.28 to 0.42 20 <0.06
40/34.2 40 + 0.4 2.9 ± 0.2 0.28 to 0.42 20 <0.06
50/42 50 + 0.5 4.0 ± 0.3 0.32 to 0.48 20 <0.06
50/43 50 + 0.5 3.5 ± 0.2 0.32 to 0.48 20 <0.06
75/67 75 + 0.7 4.0 ± 0.3 0.32 to 0.48 20 <0.06
Jain Rodent Deterrent Duct

Ducts are generally installed by direct burial method. At many places rodents are present even at depth of more than one meter
below ground level. Unlike human beings the front teeth of rodents grow throughout their life; hence to trim it they chew soft
materials like PE & PVC pipes to keep their teeth within size. This results in damages to the pipes & the cable in it. Jain rodent
deterrent ducts provides the best solution to such problems by incorporating a bitterent in the pipe to dissuade rodents from
chewing it. These ducts are tested at Institute for Toxicological Studies, Pune for its rodent deterrent properties. The ducts are
available in various sizes starting from 32mm onwards.
Jain Fire Retardant Duct
Our constant endeavor in bringing better products to our valued customers we are pleased to introduce Jain Fire Retardant
Ducts manufactured as per UL94-V2 specification. State of art testing facility is available in-house (flame chamber from Atlas,
USA) for conducting the fire retardant test.
Jain Micro Duct

Jain Micro Ducts are specifically made for installation in the existing
(new or old, empty or preoccupied) PE / PVC ducts by blowing,
jetting or pulling technique. The ducts can be bunched & blown in
various combinations & colors thus allowing extra channels for
future cabling needs & increased pathway. Its low sliding friction
aids in easier blowing and jetting of micro-ducts & allows longer
pulling distance thus increasing duct integrity resulting in quality
installation at lower cost.
Micro ducts are available with permanently lubricated smooth
inner wall or ribbed inner wall.
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Technical Specification for Jain Silicoat PE Micro Duct

S.N. Parameter Specification
1 Density 0.940 to 0.958 g/cc at 27°C
2 Melt Flow Rate 0.2 to 1.10 gm /10 minute at 190°C & 5 kg load
No Cracking, splitting, breaking or permanent reduction in diameter when bend to
3 Minimum Bend Radius
180° at radius of 10 times the dia.
4 Internal Pressure Test 5 minutes at 27°C & induced stress at 3.8 mpa
5 Internal Coefficient of Friction Max 0.1 at 6.8 Kg load
Inner Layer Wall

Pipe Size Nominal Size Outer Diameter Wall Thickness
Thickness Ovality
OD / ID
OD ID Min Max Min Max Min
3/1.5 3 1.5 3.0 3.1 0.75 0.85 0.1 0.2
5/3.5 5 3.5 5.0 5.1 0.75 0.85 0.1 0.2
7/5.5 7 5.5 7.0 7.1 0.65 0.75 0.1 0.2
8/4.4 8 4.4 8.0 8.1 1.8 2.0 0.1 0.2
10/5.5 10 5.5 10.0 10.1 2.15 2.25 0.1 0.2
10/7.6 10 7.6 10.0 10.1 1.1 1.2 0.1 0.2
10/8 10 8 10.0 10.1 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.2
12/8 12 8 12.0 12.1 1.9 2.1 0.1 0.2
12/10 12 10 12.0 12.1 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.2
16/10 16 10 16.0 16.1 2.9 3.1 0.1 0.2
45
B-Sure Corrugated PE Pipes and Fittings
Range OD/ID 75/61, 90/76, 125/101, 160/133, 200/168, 250/213 mm
Standards IS 14930( Part 2)-2001, TEC Spec GR/DWC-34/01 SEP 2007 and EN 13476- 1:2002 (E)
Length Available in straight lengths 6/12 meters in all sizes and in coils upto 140mm OD
Applications • Protection of Power Cables and Optical Fiber Ducts • Sewerage & Drainage including Subsoil Drainage
• Airport Runway Drainage • HVAC • Detention/ Retention Storm Water Lines • Material Handling
B-Sure Structured Wall HDPE Pipes & Fittings: Success By Design

Structured Wall pipes are differentiated by a pipe wall that has a structured external profile or are composed of
different layers to give an improved performance and to meet the specific requirements of any application be it
Drainage and Sewer systems , Conduits for Power or Telecom Cables or Civil engineering.
In designing these pipes the principle of Designing for Plastics
in kept in mind and the ability of plastics to be formed in to
infinitely variable shapes to allow a given weight of Resin
Material to provide a wide variety of strength properties
especially in the desired areas of Stiffness and Resistance
to buckling in the annular direction combined with flexibility
in the axial direction is utilized to the users advantage. This
ideal blend of structural strength and flexibility that serves well
in buried or unburied conditions.
Materials of construction have been selected to ensure
Maximum Color stability and weathering properties. Top
Quality of Pigments and Additives are used which resist
leaching by acids encountered in various aggressive soils. The duct has excellent chemical resistance and does not
get brittle at low temperatures.
• PE itself is an extremely versatile piping material with many properties that make
ideal for use in underground non pressure piping systems.
• Relatively lightweight, polyethylene allows for easier and less costly transportation
and installation.
• Not brittle or rigid, it is not easily susceptible to cracking during pipe handling,
installation activities and in life time.
• B-Sure Corrugated PE pipe is resistant to abrasion, corrosion, chemical scouring
and is structurally strong with the ability to support large loads.
• B-Sure Corrugated PE pipes is a flexible pipe system that performs well in both
high cover and low cover applications.
• Its unique ability to support and distribute live and dead load enables it to meet
almost every installation condition.
Manufactured In Three Basic Types:

Single Wall Corrugated: This pipe shall have a full circular cross section, with an annular corrugated surface both
inside and outside.
Double Wall Smooth Core Corrugated pipes: This pipe is a full circular dual-wall cross section, with an outer
corrugated pipe wall and a smooth inner liner.
46
Double Wall Corrugated Split Pipes: The full circular Dual Wall Cross Section DWC Pipe is split horizontally in
half.
Uses of B-Sure PE Corrugated Pipes:
• Conduit for Power & Optical Fiber Cables to provide extra Protection under Road Crossings and culverts and other areas
where required
• Sanitary Sewers, Storm Water Drainage
• Subsurface Drainage, Leachate Collection, Detention/ Retention Storm Water Management Systems,
• Grouting of Pre Stressing Wires, Material Handling
B-Sure stands for Success by Design rather than by chance and the Profile design is fine tuned for each end application.
Diameter in mm
Outer diameter Inner diameter
250 213
200 168
160 133
125 101
90 76
75 61
B-Sure Cable Pro for Telecom & Power Cable Applications

As Conduit Systems they are used for the Protection and Management of Insulated Conductors and Cables in Electrical and
Communication systems. These are specified and extensively used in Railways, BSNL, CPWD, NHAI etc. for cable laying in
Signaling, Electrical & Telecommunication. They conform to the Indian Standard Specification IS-14930 (Part II) 2001 and TEC
Specification No: GR /DWC-34/01 Sep. 2007 with Latest Amendments.
These are Semi Rigid High strength ducts with a Corrugation Height and Width designed to optimize the HDPE Properties to
enable the duct withstand high crush loads which may occur during installation or in service.
The Inner Surface is smooth and free from burrs, flash and other inconsistencies which may damage the cable sheaths when
they are drawn in.
These are widely specified and used as Additional Protection for OFC Ducts at places like Road and Rail Crossings, Road Culverts,
Local Area Networks, In Metropolitan and Municipal Limits, Water Logged areas, Marshy Lands and where ever specified.
B-SURE Cable Pro is made in any of the following eight colors namely Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.
The conduits when bent or compressed or exposed to Impact of a specified value for the product either during or after the
installation will not crack or deform to such an extent that introduction of PLB HDPE ducts becomes difficult or that the installed
ducts are likely to be damaged while being drawn in.
The resistance of Cable Pro DWC ducts to External Influence and to Ingress of water is tested and found much superior. Duct and
Cable Installation is facilitated by the flexibility of B-Sure Cable Pro to accommodate Minor direction changes of the trench.
Sharp direction changes can be achieved by using Short lengths of Coil able Version of Cable Pro or using readily available
Double Wall Bends in various diameters & angles.
47
B-Sure Drainwell for Sewerage & Drainage Applications

Properties of HDPE pipes which offer advantages in this application
include:
Higher Abrasion Resistance compared to other pipe materials.
For this reason, a common application of HDPE pipes in road
works is for conveying storm water down steep slopes.
Chemical Resistance: Are Inert to most chemicals and corrosion
proof. HDPE is inert in aggressive ground conditions such as acid
sulfate soils and in saline conditions. It can withstand hydrogen
sulfide gas and sulfuric acid in sewers. (Please refer to Chemical
Resistance Chart of HDPE for detailed information).
Hydraulic Smoothness: The smooth plastic internal surface offers
improved hydraulic performance compared to other materials.
This reduces Silt deposition and inhibits incrustation and
increases flow.
Strength and Flexibility: HDPE is Strong yet Flexible – can with stand soil settlements with no leakage (Unlike PSC
Pipes). Light Weight, Durable, Strong, Easy to Handle and Install and not easily susceptible to cracking during pipe
handling and installation activities.The pipes are considerably lighter than conventional materials, and can either be
maneuvered by hand or at the most use less costly mechanical equipment for placement. This is advantageous on
steep slopes or in difficult terrain, difficult to reach spots along railway lines etc.
Long Lengths: The stock length of pipe is 6/12//50 ( coils ) meters, which reduces the number of joints and facilitates
construction.
Rubber Ring Joints are easy to use and Leak Proof
HDPE Corrugated Pipes Need lesser excavation for laying and are installed much faster.
Due to the above excellent properties, HDPE corrugated pipe is proving to be the proven, reliable, cost-effective and
safe solution for your long-term drainage needs.
Applications: For gravity flow water management like Storm Drainage, Subsurface Drainage, Sanitary sewers
Leachate collection, Detention/Retention Storm Water Management Systems.
Residential Applications include Trench & French Drains, Structure Under Drains, Gas Collection, Water Wells,
and Dry Wells.
Commercial and Industrial Applications include Highway Culverts, Airport Runways & Parking lots, Around Nuclear
Power Plants, Reactor Buildings etc .
Storm Water Drainage: Most Progressive Municipal Corporations have realized that the future of the storm water
management is to be handled by only the best technology. HDPE Corrugated Pipe is manufactured from the highest
quality materials and is the most technologically advanced product available to move storm water and wastewater.
Sewerage Piping: In most Urban areas Transporting of Waste water from Residential, Commercial and Industrial
areas is done by a water borne Piped system. The cost of this Piped system is almost 80% of the sewerage scheme
and selection of the suitable / correct piping is essential for the short term as well as whole lifetime efficient performance
of the Sewerage system. Vital factors include Structural Stability, Non Breakable nature, Ease of Handling due to Low
Weight, Water Tightness, Economy in Capital, Low Operational and Maintenance cost. B-Sure Drain Well Double Wall
Corrugated Pipes are designed to specifically address each of the above requirements of a ideal sewerage piping
material and possess the properties listed above make them far more superior to Pre-stressed Cement Concrete,
Asbestos Cement and other conventional piping material.
48
B-Sure Perforated Pipe for Subsurface Drainage :
B-Sure Corrugated PE pipe is also produced with perforations of
varying styles and spacing. The pipe can be either fully perforated,
i.e. slotted around the entire circumference or half-perforated,
i.e. have holes on only one side of the pipe, non-perforated and
perforated covered in filter sock.
Perforations allow subsurface water to be collected and transplanted
to favorable locations for discharge. Perforated pipe gives you the
control you need to direct underground water where you want it, to
encourage proper surface water percolation and in many cases to
lower the groundwater table.
Sub soil drainage systems are used to collect leachate under
landfill sites as well as used to control and direct underground water
transport and to encourage proper surface water percolation and
control water levels in Airport Runways, Golf Courses, Athletic
Fields, Hillside Development projects and in agricultural fields to improve soil condition
The mining industry has a special application of sub soil drainage that is ideal for corrugated PE perforated pipe. A
technique called heap leaching is used to recover low-grade deposits of copper, gold and silver. A cyanide solution
sprayed over soil containing gold or silver converts the minerals to a chemical compound. The solution is collected in
a perforated pipe and transported to ponds. The gold or silver is recovered from the ponds using carbon absorption
or precipitation. PE is well suited to this process because it is highly resistant to chemical attack. Tests have shown
little or no degradation of PE with long term exposure to a pH range from 1.5 to 14.0.
Other Applications :
B Sure HDPE Corrugated ducts are used extensively in many other applications like:
A) Structural & Civil Engineering uses for Grouting
B) Material Handling of Non Abrasive material like pastes, slushy material.
Accessories: B-Sure PE Corrugated Pipes is provided with following

accessories.
a) Snap Fit Coupler along with Neoprene Rubber ‘O’ Rings to joint
B-Sure Corrugated Pipes.
b) End Cap to cover the ends of the B-Sure Corrugated Pipes.
49
Jain PE Fittings
Jain Polyethylene Butt-Weld Fittings
PE Bend (Plain Ended) PE Equal Tee (Plain Ended) PE Equal Tee with Flanged Ends PE Unequal Tee with Flanged Ends
Size: 63mm - 1600mm Size: 63mm - 1600mm Size: 63mm - 1600mm (Single / Multistage)
PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar Size : 63mm - 1600mm
Deg.: 90⁰, 60⁰, 45⁰, 30⁰. PN : 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar
PE Moulded Flange (Slip-on) PE Flange with Weld Neck PE Sandwich Flange PE Blind Flange
Size: 20mm - 315mm Size : 20mm - 1600mm Size : 20mm - 630mm Size : 63mm - 1600mm
PN: 4,6 bar PN : 4,6 bar PN : 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar PN : 4,6 bar
MS Slip-on Flange PE Pipe End (Long Neck) PE Single / Multi Stage Reducer
Size: 63mm - 1600mm Size: 63mm - 1600mm Size: 32mm - 1600mm
PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar
PE End Cap Swing Joints Duck Foot Bend

Size: 20mm - 1600mm Size: ½’’, 3/4’’ and 1’’ Size: 63mm - 560mm
PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar PN: 4,6,8,10 bar PN: 4,6,8,10,12.5,16 bar
50
Jain PE Fittings
Quick - Connect™ Fittings - Plastic Clamps

Features and Specifications
• Manufactured from virgin PE material.
• Clamps moulded from high impact engineering plastic. Metal clamps similar to plastic clamp design are available on
demand.
• Nitrile seal for positive sealing.
• Excellent chemical and weather resistance.
• Unique design of joints provides all round grip on pipe to prevent leakage and snapping at high pressure.
• Easy to handle & allows fast installation.
Male Coupler Bend Reducer Female Coupler
Serivice Saddle End Cap Tee Pump Connector
51
Jain PE Fittings
Quick - Connect™ Fittings - Heavy Duty - Metal Clamps

Features and Speciﬁcations
• Manufactured from virgin PE material.
• Heavy duty zinc plated clamps and lever.
• Lever hook to clamp on the socket and allow for high pressure joint.
• Nitrile seal for positive sealing.
• Excellent chemical and weather resistance.
Male Coupler Female Coupler Tee Flange Connector Female
Reducer Valve Opener Flange Connector Male Bend
Internal Valve Coupler Service Saddle End Cap Hydrant Assembly
Note: Quick-Connect™ plastic joint fittings can also be supplied in any other configurations on demand.
52
Turnkey Solutions & Project Execution
Jains offer complete services for Polyethylene (PE) Piping Systems on Turn-Key basis which includes Site Survey, Design, Selection
of Material, Supply, Installation, Testing and Training in most economical way supported by a large pool of engineers.
Turn-Key Services - Capabilities
Jain Irrigation offers more than Irrigation Solutions such as :
• Water Supply and Plumbing System,
• Gas Distribution System,
• Industrial Fluid Conveying Systems,
• Effluent Conveyance & Disposal Systems,
• Marine On-shore & Off-shore Piping, Lift,
• Sprinkler and Drip Irrigation Systems,
• Relining of Existing Pipelines and Rehabilitation of Old Sewerage Lines etc.
• Testing & Commissioning of the complete systems/network
• Training both In-house & on the field
Indeed it is the only company in the country which offers such a wide range of products and services.
Project consultancy and design, International quality PVC & PE piping systems and other products. Backed with top class
contracting expertise.
A win-win combination of all 3.
We have a large pool of Scientists, Technicians & Engineers backed-up by the widest spectrum of products whose quality is
assured by our DSIR approved R&D laboratory, ISO 9001 / ISO 14001 system combined with over 25 years of solid experience.
We undertake Projects on Turn-Key basis from concept to commissioning with value added services. We offer cost effective,
down-to-earth solutions for complex challenges backed by our core strength of global knowledge and experience using local
man-power. An ideal combination of technology, intelligence and common sense.
Whatever be the nature of the project requirement, Jain Irrigation assures Total Turn-Key solutions and maximum value for your
money spent.
Survey for Turnkey Project Map preparation & Designing
53
Jain PE Pipes – Jointing Methods
“No Chain is Stronger than its Weakest Link” phrase is also equally true for piping system joints. The main requirements to be
fulfilled are hydraulic tightness as well as structural stability of the system.
For the satisfactory performance of Jain PE pipe system, design and installation methods mainly rely on the appropriate choice
and properly made connections. An adequate and properly made pipe joint will lead to faster and non-hazardous system
operation.
With a view to fulfill the above important aspects of pipeline system as well as to provide the user industry a choice based on
application and economy, Jains have developed several types of jointing systems like Butt Fusion and Electro-Fusion permanent
joints and detachable joints such as Flanged Joints, Self Restrained Sure-Loc Joints, Quick-Connect™ Joints, Compression Joints,
Snap Fit etc. The choice of joint required for installing Jain PE piping system depends upon requirements based on internal or
external pressure, leak tightness, restraint against longitudinal or side movement, construction and installation requirements as
well as application.
1. The Science of Heat Fusion Welding

The fundamental of heat fusion welding is to heat two PE pipe surfaces to an appropriate temperature, changing the resin’s
molecular structure to an amorphous liable state, and then fuse them together by application of prescribed force until cooling
occurs, returning the material to a crystalline state and creating one homogeneous pipe.
When fusion pressure is applied at the designated temperature and prescribed force, the molecules from each pipe surface
ends’ surface mix homogeneously with each other. As the joint cools, the molecules return to their crystalline form, the original
interfaces have been removed, and the two pipes have become one continuous length. The end result is a fusion joint that is as
strong or stronger than the pipe itself, and this creates the leak-free joint with excellent resistant to soil movement due to
settlement or even due to earthquake. This is one of the amazing strengths of PE pipe.
A) Butt Fusion
Butt Fusion jointing is a method of jointing PE pipes using
thermal fusion. This technique permits the quick assembly of
long continuous joints in a faster and economical way without
the use of modified pipe end or couplers. The fused joints are
reliable and as strong as the pipe itself thus providing total
leak proof system. We also provide experienced and skilled
staff to conduct and supervise the jointing operations.
Bead Formation of PE pipe
54
B) Electro Fusion Welding

Electro fusion welding is a method of joining PE pipes using
fittings with integral heating elements Sockets are used to
join mains and service pipes and saddle fittings are used to
connect services to mains.
• The pipe to be joined must be prepared by removing
the outer surface layer to a depth of around 0.2 mm,
then pipe and fitting are clamped together to prevent
movement
• Specified electric current is applied across the fitting terminals via a control box.
• The electric current passes through the embedded wire which heats the wire and melts the polymer, fusing the
fitting to the pipe. The joint is allowed to cool before removing the restraining clamps.
Electrofusion fittings are available in Ø 20 to 355 mm, 7/12.5/16 Bar-Yellow, Blue & Black
2. Compression Joint
Jains have a range of compression fittings which could adapt to
PLAIN ENDS of PE PIPES. Jains manufacture Compression Fittings
suitable for PE pipes ranging from 20 mm to 110 mm OD with (10
&16 bar).
3. Flanged Joint
If transition is to be made to another piping material or if a pipe
section capable of disassembly is required, then Jain PE Pipe Ends
(also called Stub-Ends) are available that can be welded to the
pipe by means of heat fusion. A metal backup flange with
appropriately sized and spaced bolt holes permits bolting to
standard or specially sized flanges. Jain PE pipes of desired lengths
can be supplied with the factory welded stub end and flange (of desired material) ready to be bolted together at the project
work site.
• Inspect flange faces and ensure that they are clean and undamaged.
• Check that the correct backing flange is supplied.
• Check that the correct gasket is available.
• Loosely assemble flanges. Ensure that flanges and bolt holes align and that flange faces are parallel. Ensure that the
gasket is correctly positioned.
• Tighten bolts gradually, in sequence, to ensure even loading around the flange to avoid distortion. Ensure that washers
are used under bolt heads and nuts.
55
• The sequence for 8 and above bolt holes is that the

tightening should be done on bolts opposite to each other
(180°).
4. Quick Release Joint

This type of joint is most commonly used in Sprinkler Irrigation
Systems where quick engagement & disengagement of joints are
required. In this system Jain PE Pipes and fittings are welded on
one side with spigot & on the other side with socket having a
Hydraulic rubber seal inside it. To make a joint, spigot coupler is
pushed in to the socket coupler, clamped and is locked.
5. Joint Quick Connect

Jain Quick-Connect™ PE Piping Systems offer a multitude of
advantages for end users in the fields of Agriculture, Industry,
Mining, Drilling and Construction. This System is easy to work with
due to its quick-connecting and disconnecting joints and will
provide years of reliable and flexible service to the user.
6. HDPE Sure-Loc™ Joints

Jain Sure-loc™ joints are the new generation joints which are
aimed at evolving an easy and quick jointing system without the
need for butt, electro fusion or any type of mechanical joints. Jain
Sure-loc joints are flexible in the sense that they are detachable.
The joint integrity is achieved by rubber ring sealing. The joint is
self restrained and does not require thrust blocking or anchoring
to keep the joint from separating under pressure. It is an excellent
joint for above ground installations as the joints can take care of
the linear expansion and contraction of the pipe due to
temperature variations.
7. Insert Type Joint

This type of joint is used where PE Pipe is to be connected with
another system having metallic fittings such as G.I. Coupler or
Flange. To make this type of Joint, PE Pipe is heated to a
temperature of 120°C in oil and then Serrated Metallic Nipple is
inserted into it and secured by Jubilee Clip to ensure a leak-proof
joint. This type of joint is generally used in bore well application
for connecting to submersible pump.
56
Installation Methods
Trenchless - Horizontal Directional Drilling
This “State of the Art” technology is one which is used with PE
pipe and enables placement of pipes with minimum disruption
to surface activities and other underground services.
Horizontal Directional Drilling is ideal for installing Drilling Rig
infrastructure beneath Highways, Roads and Railway tracks,
without affecting Traffic Load on these networks. The Exit Pit
technology can also be used for crossing of Rivers, Streams,
Lakes, Buildings & Other structures. Design Grade
Jain PE Pipe is an ideal choice for horizontal and directional

Rock Head
drilling applications. The inherent properties of PE
accommodate all the desired performance characteristics
Typical Horizontal Directional Drilling Sketch
needed for this demanding application.
Pipe in Pipe
In some cases of damaged M.S., C.I., D.I., SW piping system, rehabilitation by open excavation is not possible. These pipes can
be renewed by PE pipes. Because of less frictional resistance, we can insert small diameter and structurally strong HDPE pipe in
the old pipe without affecting flow carrying capacity.
Sewer Rehabilitation by Pipe in Pipe method (Slip lining) for Mumbai Municipal Corporation
57
Pipe Bursting
For trench less pipe replacement, Jain PE Pipe are used in pipe
bursting projects. This type of installation requires little or no
trenching.
On a worldwide scale, old water, sewer or gas mains have
often suffered severe failures due to corrosion, tree root Power Unit
infestation, pipe settlement and misaligned pipe joints. Over
the years this has lead to leakages in the pipes and formation New Pipe
of sink holes, which in turn becomes a danger to the public.
Pipebursting is proven method for trench less pipe renewal by
following the existing pipeline bore path. The old pipe (from Old Pipe
ND 50) buried in the ground is broken and the fragments
Bursting Unit
displaced whilst simultaneously pulling in the new pipe, which Typical Pipe Bursting Sketch
is often larger in diameter, thus increasing existing capacity.
Pipe bursting renews pressure and sewage pipes made of vitrified clay, cast iron, ductile iron, steel, asbestos cement, plastic as
well as some concrete sewage pipes. Daily replacement productivity levels of 200m per day are common place.
Floating and Buoyancy Control

Floating pipes are frequently used for Floating Dredge Lines and Floating Docks.
Floating Docks: Are a revolutionary concept for placing Floating Pumps for Raw Water Intake from Ponds and Lakes, Water
Sports and Recreation, Fishing and Boating. They are used on Ocean, Lakes and Ponds for several years of service.
HDPE pipe is popular because it is easy to install, tough, ductile and it will float forever and is the obvious choice for strength,
longevity, environmental sensitivity, and economy.
HDPE Floating docks usually use HDPE pipe sizes ranging from 355 mm to 630 mm OD with 25 mm wall thickness. Butt Fusion
Welded HDPE pipes are completely water-tight. These float frames are rugged and virtually unsinkable, have structural strength
beneath the water as well as above it and can handle all marine environments . Due to this HDPE pipes are an excellent choice
for any floatation device. The unique advantage of these Floating Pumps is that the need to add and remove pipes as the water
level goes up or down is eliminated.
Floating Dredge Pipes and Water Intake Pipes : HDPE Pipes are preferred for these applications. Polyethylene is inert to salt
water and is highly resistant to the chlorine that is frequently added to water intake lines.
Polyethylene Dredge pipe is used by Marine and Hydraulic dredging industries for Port Deepening, Inland Waterways
Development, Lake Pond and River Reclamation and Dredging, Land reclamation, Sludge Removal etc .
Dredgers use Solid Handling Pumps to Pump out a mix of water and sand/silt / sludge through these floating pipes.
HDPE Floating lines are used for delivery of this material from the Dredger to the shore.
Construction: The carrier pipe of 315mm to 560mm OD PE – 63 Pipes are used in 6 meter lengths, with flanged ends.
Each Pipe Length is supported on both sides with 4 meter long Floatation Pipes of suitable size. The Floater pipes are fixed
securely to the carrier pipe using Galvanized U Bolts. Between each 6 meter length of the carrier pipe, Neoprene Rubber Flexible
Hoses of 2 meter length with flanged ends are used to give more flexibility and avoid strain on the pipe end joints.
As the dredger goes away from the shore, additional sections of the Dredge Pipe are added.
HDPE Pipes are often used for Buoyancy Control during laying of large diameter Steel Pipes under water by Horizontal Directional
Drilling Methods.
58
Under Water Applications

The hydraulic design of the pipeline for underwater installation with respect to flow rate, size, working pressure class of the
pipeline etc. is the same as for any other piping system.
One example of under water Installation of HDPE Pipes is done in Thermal Desalination Plants. PE pipe of 560-1000 mm OD is
welded to a length of about 1000 meters. This length is then dragged in to the sea and Installed downwards to the sea bottom
where the temperaure of water is as low as 7 Deg C or even lower. This cold water is Pumped in to Condensors on the surface.
Using this Temerature Gradient , De salination is carried out . This technology is well suited to provide Drinking water to
Isolated Islands , which do not have any other source of Potable water .
Mean Sea Level
Pipe 200m long
Clump
400 m depth
Pipe 600 -1000m long
Clump
Schematic Diagram of Thermal Desalination
Under Water Installation of 630 mm HDPE Pipe for National Institute of Oceanography
59
Above-Ground Installations
Many applications require that a pipe is laid out or strung out across the existing terrain. It may simply be placed on the ground surface.
Unrestrained installation allows the pipe to move freely in response to temperature change.
The PE Pipe is Snaked along the right of way and the excess pipe allows some slack that will be taken up when the temperature
drops and the pipe contracts. The Pipe will terminate at some rigid structure and the transition from free moving PE Pipe to
Rigid Pipe is fully stabilized to prevent stress concentration within the connection.
Restrained Pipe Line : Common restraint methods are :
***Earthern Berms *** Pylons
*** Augured Anchors *** Concrete Cradles
The pipeline may be completely covered with a shallow layer of earth cover over its entire length or it may be stabilized at
intervals with Earthern Berms between Anchor Locations .
The Earthern Berms Moderate the temperature fluctuations also and due to this the Pipe movement is reduced. These types
of installations may be made necessary by any one of several factors such as the economic considerations of a temporary
piping system & the ease of inspection and maintenance. Often the prevailing local conditions prevent burial of the pipe.
The Properties of Polyethylene pipe which make it suitable for these applications are: Unique Joint Integrity, Toughness,
Flexibility, and Low Weight.
Some Widely Used Applications : Temporary water lines. Bypass lines. Dredge lines. Minetailings/ Fines-disposal piping Slurry
Transport in many industries, Oil and Gas Collection.
Design Criteria:
Temperature: As a general rule, polyethylene pipe can be used safely at temperatures as low as -75°F (-60°C) and as high as
150°F (65°C).
Chemical Resistance : Unlike many piping materials, polyethylene pipe will not rust, rot, pit, or corrode as a result of chemical,
electrolytic, or galvanic action. Please refer to the Chemical Resistance Chart on Page 87.
Temporary Over Ground Installation for Crude Oil Conveyance Temporary Waterline for Highway Construction
60
Ultraviolet Exposure: When Installed outdoors in above-ground applications, Polyethylene will be subjected to extended periods
of direct sunlight. However it is sufficiently protected when the Pipe is produced with a minimum 2.0% concentration of finely
divided and evenly dispersed carbon black.
Mechanical Impact or Loading : Any piping material that is installed in an exposed location is subject to the rigors of
the surrounding environment. It can be damaged by the movement of vehicles or other equipment, and such damage generally
results in gouging, deflecting, or flattening of the pipe surfaces. In Such cases the Pipe is encased in cement concrete.
Supported or suspended Pipelines :
HDPE pipe may also be suspended or cradled in support structures on the Pipeline right of way. Pipe support should be designed
to give lateral constraint against movement, while allowing free movement of pipe in axial direction. Support spacing
requirements are given below.
For some applications continous support is given throughout the length of the pipeline.
Recommended Supports Spacing

Distance between supports for 2.5 Kg/cm² pipe
Note : The values from graph are to be multiplied by:

1.00 for HDPE pipe rated pressure 4 kg/cm² (Class II)
1.10 for HDPE pipe rated pressure 6 kg/cm² (Class III) and
1.25 for HDPE pipe rated pressure 10 kg/cm² (Class IV)
Cairn Energy Barmer Twin Lines for Raw Water Suction Over Head Installation at Ramky Pharmacity
61
HDPE Stay Cable Pipe

Cable Stayed Bridges have galvanized wires strand for supporting cables. These are protected by HDPE pipe in different
diameters. We have developed a special type of HDPE pipe in 2-layer construction with the outer layer in diffrent colors like
Golden Yellow or Light Blue with UV protection and inner layer in black color. The Ratio of Inner to Outer layer is decided in
consultation with the client.
Underground Installations
The care taken during installation will dramatically affect the system performance. In any pipe installation the selection of pipe
material plays only 1%, the stiffness of the pipe 2%, the depth of installation 17% and the method of installation 80% role in the
performance of the system.
Excavated Trench Width Final Backfill
12” to 18”
Secondary Backfill
Springline Crown
Pipe Zone
Invert Primary Backfill
Haunch Zone
Bedding
Foundation (may not

be required)
Typical Pipe Installation
Additional information on pipe burial may be found in the various standards such as :
1. IS 7634 for Installation.
2. ASTM D 2321 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity Flow
applications.
3. ASTM D 2774 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping.
Typical Trench Size for under ground installation: Generally the pipes are buried at depth of 1 meter depending upon movement
of traffic above the ground.
• Trench Width = D + 40 cm.
• Minimum Sand Cushion
a. below pipe = (10+D/10) cm, b. above pipe = 15 cm
Where D = Outside diameter of pipe in cm.
Buried installations generally involve trench excavation, bed preparation, placing pipe in the trench, backfilling around the pipe,
and then placing backfill to the required finished grade. Pipe application and service requirements, size, type, soil conditions,
62
backfill soil quality, burial depth and joining requirements will all affect the installation.
Cold Bending of Jain HDPE Pipes: HDPE Pipes can be cold bent to a minimum radius of 20-40 times the pipe diameter as it is
installed. This eliminates the need of elbows for slight bends. The normally recommended radius of curvature is 25 times the
pipe diameter to form a bend without kinking the pipe.
Narrow trenching: Since HDPE pipes can either be butt fused in long lengths or it can use in coil form, narrow trench width is
sufficient for underground installation. This leads to saving in installation cost. The length of open trench required should be
sufficient to bend and lower the HDPE pipes in trench without forming any kinks. The trench width required depends on its depth
and type of soil. It should be sufficient to allow the soil to give adequate compaction around the pipe. Generally a trench width
equivalent to 50 cm more than the pipe diameter is adequate.
Pipe Embedment: The backfill materials enveloping a buried pipe are shown in the drawing by their function or location.
A foundation is required only when the native trench bottom does not provide a firm working platform, or the necessary
uniform and stable support for the installed pipe. If a foundation is installed, bedding is required above the foundation.
Bedding: In addition to bringing the trench bottom to required pipe bottom grade, the bedding levels out any irregularities and
ensures uniform support along the pipe length. Bedding is required when a foundation is installed, but a foundation may not be
required to install bedding.
Haunching: The embedment under the pipe haunches supports the pipe and distributes the load. The quality of the haunching
backfill and its placement are the most important factors in limiting flexible pipe deformation.
Initial Back fill: This is the critical zone of embedment surrounding the pipe from the foundation to at least 150 cm over the
pipe. The pipe’s ability to support loads and resist deflection is determined by the quality of its placement. Within this zone are
bedding, haunching, primary and secondary zones.
Primary Initial Backfill: This embedment zone provides primary support against lateral pipe deformation. It extends from pipe
bottom grade to at least 3/4th of the pipe diameter height, or to at least 6” over the pipe crown if the pipe is installed where
the pipe will be continuously below normal groundwater level.
Secondary Initial Backfill: Embedment material in this zone distributes overhead loads and isolates the pipe from any adverse
effects from placing final backfill material. Where the ground water level may rise over the pipe, the secondary initial backfill
should be a continuation of the primary initial backfill.
Final Backfill: Final backfill is not on an embedment material, however, it should be free of large rocks, lumps, construction
debris, stones, stumps and any other material with a dimension greater than 8”.
Recommended Maximum depth of Installation
Depth in Meters for various Pressure Classes
Type of Load
2.5 Kg/cm² 4 Kg/cm² 6 Kg/cm² 10 Kg/cm²
Soil Load 4.0 5.0 6.5 10.0
Traffic Load 3.0 4.2 6.0 10.0
63
Slip Lining
Slip Lining of Old / Deteriorated / Crumbling Sewer mains and water pipes with HDPE Piping is a viable alternative to open-cut
replacement. Both Gravity or Drain line restoration as well as Rehabilitation of forced sewer mains have been done with HDPE
slip lining for years.
Typical Slip-Lining Set Up
Slip Lining of Railway Culverts..

Slip Lining with HDPE Piping gives new life to old culverts along railway lines and this procedure give the railways a cost effective
option to stoppage of Rail Traffic and total dig out boring, drilling and replacement.
Many of the culverts along the Railway lines are built right from early 1900s. To maintain these without stoppage of rail traffic
Slip Lining has been the most suited and preferred procedure. At many locations, it is just not possible to replace an existing
culvert. Many railways have Re newed crumbling culverts in the past successfully and the excellent results are encouraging.
HDPE Piping with a estimated design life of 100 years has become a long term solution. Following points are to be noted:
1) The Liner Pipe is made from PE 100, with a very high ESCR.
2) HDPE with C value of 150 can have a smaller Inner diameter than the existing Culvert and still maintain same or more flow.
3) Pipe Stiffness is kept high to resist defelection.
4) Proper Grouting of the Annular Space is important to prevent buckling.
The Process
A winch cable is inserted through the existing pipeline and attached to the nose cone which is fitted to the leading end of the
new liner pipe. A nose cone is used to prevent snagging of the pipe and to aid attachment of the winch. The maximum Pulling
load on the pipe is specified to avoid excessive stretching, when HDPE pipe is winched in through the old pipeline. This load
should be limited to half the short term yield strength of the material at its given temperature.
Table lists the recommended maximum Pulling load to be applied for temperatures up to and including 20°C, for common pipe
sizes in both PE80 and PE100 materials. Maximum Towing Load at any other temperature = (Max. load at 20°C) * (Reduction
factor for specified temp).
64
The reduction factors apply equally to both PE80 and PE100 materials. We recommend that the pipe be installed beyond the
required position to allow for any shrinkage that may be caused by recovery of the strain imposed during the installation. Before
making may end connections, the newly pulled HDPE Pipe should be left for a period of time equal to at least 5 times the period
for which the pipe was under load.
Maximum recommended pulling loads for PE pipes and liners at 20°C
Max. 20°C load Max. 20°C load Max. 20°C load

Pipe OD Pipe OD Pipe OD
SDR (Tonnes) SDR (Tonnes) SDR (Tonnes)
in mm PE80 PE100 in mm PE80 PE100 in mm PE80 PE100
20 8.7 0.10 - 225 26 4.7 5.9 500 17 35 43
25 11 0.13 - 225 17 7.0 8.8 500 11 52 65
32 11 0.21 - 225 11 10.5 13.1 560 26 29 36
50 11 0.5 - 250 26 5.8 7.3 560 17 44 55
63 11 0.8 - 250 17 8.7 10.9 560 11 65 81
90 17 1.1 1.4 250 11 13 16 630 26 37 46
90 11 1.7 2.1 315 26 9 12 630 17 55 69
110 26 1.1 1.4 315 17 14 17 630 11 82 103
110 17 1.7 2.1 315 11 21 26 710 26 47 59
110 11 2.5 3.1 355 26 12 15 710 17 70 88
125 26 1.5 1.8 355 17 18 22 800 26 59 74
125 17 2.2 2.7 355 11 26 33 800 17 89 111
125 11 3.2 4.1 400 26 15 19 900 26 75 94
160 26 2.4 3.0 400 17 22 28 900 17 113 141
160 17 3.6 4.5 400 11 33 42 1000 26 93 116
160 11 5.3 6.6 450 26 19 24 1000 17 139 174
180 26 3.0 3.8 450 17 28 35
180 17 4.5 5.6 450 11 42 53
180 11 6.7 8.4 500 26 23 29
The values assume pipe wall stresses equal to half the short-term material yield values at 20°C.
Pressure Reduction Coefficients at various operating temp.

Temperature Coefficient
20°C 1.00
30°C 0.87
40°C 0.74
50°C 0.61
NOTE 1: Analysis according to ISO/TR 9080:1992 may show that
less reduction is applicable.
NOTE 2: For other temperatures between each step, interpolation
is permitted (see ISO 13761)
65
Vertical Installation of HDPE Pipes

HDPE Piping is often installed vertically or in steep slopes.
1) HDPE Pipes are used as Penstock in Micro Hydro Power
Plants, which use Low Impact Turbines to produce
power up to about 5 MW .The Black Bear Lake Hydro
Project , in Alsaka is one example of such a Installation
consisting of the following features: (1). A 215 acre
reservoir (Black Bear Lake) at elevation 1,687 with
storage capacity of 3,200 acre feet (2). A 600-foot-long
Siphon, 30-inch-diameter HDPE penstock with a
vacuum pump assembly and structure at the high point
elevation of 1,695 msl. (3). A 30-inch ( 800 mm OD )
HDPE penstock with a total length of 4,900-feet (820-
feet buried intake and siphon, 1,930-feet supported on
concrete saddles, and 2,150-feet buried to the
powerhouse.
2) HDPE Piping is many times continued from the Pure
water Over Head tanks to the roof top storage tanks
of the Residential Apartments, which is the best
method for avoiding contamination and wastage.
Vertical Riser Pipes are fixed to the Apartment walls by
Screw On clamps at every meter distance. Plastic
Clamps are readily available in all common sizes up to
160 mm. Rubber Lined Metal Clamps can also be
used.
HDPE Riser Pipe

HDPE Riser Pipe
NPCIL Anuvijay Township HDPE Riser Pipe for Carrying R.O. Water to Roof Top
66
Jointing - Do’s and Don’t
Storage
1. Pipes should be carefully inspected at the time of delivery and any visibly defective material set aside before accepting the
delivery into stores. Such defects should be notified and inform to the supply source immediately. Any pipe section or
fitting containing scratches, dents or marks that exceed 10% (Ten percent) of the wall thickness shall be deemed unusable
and rejected, or the suspect section or fitting removed from service.
2. All pipe stacks should be made on sufficiently firm, flat ground to support the weight of the pipes and any necessary lifting
equipment. Stacking heights should be kept to a minimum and adequate space allotted for lifting machinery to maneuver
without accidental damage occurring.
3. Pipe coils should be stored flat.
4. Where individual pipe lengths are stacked in pyramidal fashion, deformation may occur in the lower layers, particularly in
warm weather. Such stacks should therefore be not greater than 5 ft. high.
5. Polyethylene fittings should be stored on racking and the manufacturer’s protective wrapping or cartons kept intact for as
long as possible.
6. At all times pipes and fittings should be stored away from exhaust outlets and all other high temperature sources.
7. Care should also be taken to avoid contact with lubricating or hydraulic oils, gasolines, solvents and other aggressive
chemicals.
8. All special tools and equipment associated with the jointing of polyethylene pipes and fittings should be stored separately
and securely until they are required for use.
Vertically & Horizontally suspended HDPE Pipes.

9. There are two main factors to be considered when specifying support details for suspended PE pipe systems: Technical
requirements & Aesthetics.
10. The correct specification of suspended PE pipe system must take into account expansion and contraction of pipe at extreme
maximum and minimum service temperatures.
11. Pipe routes should avoid close proximity with other hot pipes or hot surfaces. Pipe clips, hangers, anchors, clamps etc can
be of metallic or plastic material.
12. The essential criteria is that surfaces bearing on the pipe must be flat and non-abrasive.
13. At temperatures higher than 40°C , continuous support should be provided. If continuous support is not feasible, then the
maximum recommended distance between individual horizontal support centers is given in graph.
14. For vertical support centers, the values given above should be increased by 33%.
15. Faulty fusion joints cannot be repaired; they must be cut out and rejoined using proper heat fusion procedures or specially
prepared repaired.
16. There is often a tendency to use “duct” and “pipe” interchangeably though these are having different applications. An
HDPE pipe is for carrying fluids which could mean liquids or gases. At the same time, ducts are for carrying telephone,
electrical and other cable.
67
Jointing:
17. Golden Rule: If in doubt, cut it out and redo.
18. Ensure that every individual performing fusion joining is qualified in the use of the recommended fusion procedure(s) by
the following:
- Appropriate training or experience in the use of the fusion procedure, and
- Making a sample joint according to the procedure that passes the following inspections and tests:
A. The joint must be visually examined during and after joining, and found tohave the same appearance as a photograph
or sample of an acceptable joint that was joined in accordance with the procedure.
B. The joint must be tested or examined by one of the following methods:
- Pressure and tensile test ….. or
- Cut into at least three longitudinal straps, each of which is:
a. Visually examined and found to be free of voids or un bonded areas on the cut surface of the joint, and
b. Deformed by bending, torque or impact and if failure occurs, it must not initiate in the joint area,
c. A person must be re qualified under an acceptable procedure, if, during any twelve month period does not make
any joints under the procedure.
19. The photograph shows acceptable and unacceptable joints and illustrates the use of cut straps for inspection and testing
of the joint.
20. Gas pipe caution: Static Electricity
These charges are a safety hazard, particularly in areas where there is leaking gas from Gas pipes.
Plastic pipe is a non-conductor of electricity and the static charge will remain in place until some grounding device comes
close enough to allow it to discharge.
The most effective and simple method to minimize the hazard to the discharge is to apply a film of water to the work surface,
to drain away the static electricity. A ground wire on the plastic pipe will only discharge from that point, since the plastic is a
non-conductor.
Heat Fusion Jointing : Butt Fusion of Pipe – PE Butt Fusion Welding

Generally speaking, PE pipe is Butt fused together using a “fusion welder”. welding machines vary depending on the Outside
Diameter (OD) of the pipe to be welded. The pipe pieces are held axially by a clamping device to allow for subsequent operations
to take place. Large diameter pipes may require hoisting assistance such as an excavator or crane. Once the pipe is clamped, the
pipe ends are “faced” with a machining tool to establish clean, parallel mating surfaces, perpendicular to the center line of each
pipe. A heating element or heating plate is inserted in between the faced ends, and the pipe is drawn together against the
heating plate. A melt pattern that penetrates into the pipe ends is formed around both pipe ends. Once the correct melt
temperature is reached, the heating plate is quickly removed, and the melt ends are drawn together with a specified force. The
specified force on the joint must be continuous, and maintained until the joint cools. A small melt bead forms at the joint. On
completion, the fused pipe is removed from the welding machine.
21. Square (face) end of each pipe to be fused.
22. Check line-up of the pipe ends. Adjust the high-low. Check for voids and gaps.
23. Does not touch to the square ends and faces by hand, oily cloths.
24. Check heater plate for the proper surface temperature, and clean surface with a clean cotton cloth. Donot use polyester-
type materials which melt and stick to heater plates.
25. Surface Temperature: 190ºC - 233ºC
68
26. Insert the heater plate between the aligned ends and bring the ends firmly in contact with the plate, but DO NOT APPLY
excessive PRESSURE while achieving melt pattern. Watch for proper melt.
27. Remove heater plate after achieving the proper melt and quickly examine the heated ends for completeness of melt. If the
ends are not properly melted, stop the procedure, remove the melted ends and start over at Step 1.
28. Bring melted ends together quickly. DO NOT SLAM. APPLY ONLY ENOUGH PRESSURE TO FORM DOUBLE ROLL - BACK BEAD.
29. Allow the butt fusion joint to cool properly while maintaining pressure (until your finger can remain comfortably on the bead).
30. Extreme care must be exercised to avoid over melt, overpressure and cold fusions.
31. Remember : A quality butt fusion joint has a double bead rolled back to the body of the pipe.
32. Heater plates should be double checked for correct surface temperature (190°C - 233°C).
33. Butt Fusion qualification procedure

1. Observe the joining process to determine that the proper procedure is being followed.
2. Visually inspect the joint and compare it to a sample or picture of an acceptable joint.
3. Allow the joint to cool for at least one hour.
4. Cut the sample through the joint area, lengthwise of the pipe, into at least three straps.
5. Visually inspect the cut surface of the pipe wall at the joint for voids or unbonded areas.
6. Bend the sample 180°.
7. Make another joint if failure occurs or if flaws are observed in the joint. Compare the appearance with pictures of
poor joints and recheck the procedure.
Clamping
FACING
1 2
HEATING
ALIGNING
3 4
COOLING
FUSING
5 6
69
Acceptable Appearance
1. Proper double roll-back bead 2. Proper melt, pressure & alignment
4. Proper melt ends after heat soak

3. Proper alignment - no gaps or voids
6. Proper melt, pressure and alignment

5. Proper double roll-back bead
Test specimen for Tensile Test of Weld Joints Tensile Test of Weld Joints
70
Butt Fusion of Pipe : Unacceptable
Unacceptable Appearance
Incomplete Roll Back Improper Alignment

7. Insufficient fusion pressure “V” shaped melt appearance 9. “High-Low” Condition
8. Incomplete roll-back of bead. 10. Incomplete roll back of bead due to improper alignùment.
11. Excessive melt and / or excessive pressure 12. No melt bead caused by incomplete face off
13. Cold Joint 14. Foreign object in the melt bead
71
Butt Fusion of Pipe : Acceptable and Unacceptable Appearance
34 Butt Fusion Joint Troubleshooting Guide

What is present Attributing Factors
One bead larger than the other Misalignment, component slipped in clamp, worn equipment,
incomplete facing
Bead not rolled over to surface Shallow V-Groove Insufficient Heating & Insufficient Joining
Force, Deep V-Groove-Insufficient Heating & Excessive Joinng
Force
Squarish Outer Bead Edge Pressure during Heating
Excessive Double Bead width Overheating, Excessive Joining Force
Flat top on Bead Excessive Joining Force, Overheating
Beads too Small Insufficient Heating or Joining Force
Beads too Large Excessive Heating Time
Rough, Sand-paper like, Bubbly, or Pockmarked melt Hydrocarbon Contamination
bead surface
Double V-Groove to Deep Excessive Joining, Pressure during Heating
Non-Uniform Bead size around pipe Misalignment, Defective Heating Tool, Worn Equipment,
Incomplete Facing
A third Bead Excessive Joining Force
35.
Obvserved Condition Possible Cause

Excessive Double bead width Overheating; Excessive Joining Force
Double Bead V-Groove too Deep Excessive Joining Force; Insufficient Heating; Pressure during
Heating
Flat top on Bead Excessive Joining Force; Overheating
Non-Uniform Bead size around pipe Misalignment; Defective Heating Tool; Worn Equipment;
Incomplete Facing
One bead Larger than the other Misalignment; Componet Slipped in Clamp; Worn Equipment;
Defective Heating Tool; Incomplete Facing
Bead too Small Insufficient Heating; Insufficient Joining Force
Bead not Rolled over to Surface Shallow V-Groove-Insufficient Heating & Insufficient Joining
Force; Deep V-Groove Insufficient Heating & Excessive Jointing
Force
Bead too Large Excessive Heating Time
Squarish Outer Bead edge Pressure during Heating
Rough, Sandpaper-like, Bubbly, or Pockmarked Melt Hydrocarbon Contamination
Bead Surface
72
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. What is the typical design life of PE pipe?

PE pipe systems are usually designed by our customers based on empirical and actual test data on the basis of a 50 year
service life.
Under normal operating conditions the actual life is expected to be considerably greater i.e. 50 to 100 years.
PE material has a 50 year Minimum Required Strength (MRS) of 10 MPa. In practice however the actual strength is greater
than the design strength and hence the expected resulting service lifetimes are greatly in excess of the nominal 50-year
requirement when the pipe is operating within its design envelope.
Q. What factors can influence the design or service lifetime?
The service lifetime is influenced by five factors:
• The pipe operating conditions (temperature and pressure)
• The pipe material used
• External pipe loading (traffic loading, high water table, etc.)
• The surrounding environment, including the chemical loading from, for example, contaminated soil.
• Installation conditions and methods
If the actual operating temperature is in excess of the nominal 20°C then the operating pressure must be reduced to
achieve the lifetime of 50 years, or the theoretical service life would be reduced.
The derivation of reduction factors from the nominal 20°C is detailed in ISO 13761. Due to the high toughness of PE 100
pipes, the minimum reduction factors specified in ISO 13761 can be applied to the Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP) for
higher operating temperatures.
Pressure reduction factors at operating temperatures
20°C 25°C 30°C 35°C 40°C

1.00 0.93 0.87 0.80 0.74
Chemical loading can also affect PE pipe. In addition to the risk from certain contaminated soils in the long term, care
should be taken when placing PE close to tank stations where gasoline and other oil products are stored. Leakage of these
into the soil in high volumes and over long periods may affect the performance of PE pipe. Typical run-off from roads is not
sufficient to cause concern except in the most extreme circumstances.
Q. How do our customers normally design a PE pipe for given operating conditions?
First they need to decide what the pipe is to be designed for;
• Internal pressure capability e.g. water or gas distribution main
• External pressure capability e.g. submerged pipeline
• Soil loading e.g. buried sewer pipe
• Dynamic loads, surge and fatigue e.g. sewer rising main
The starting point for the design of a PE pipe is the MRS (Minimum Required Strength) of the grade of PE to be used. For
operating temperatures in excess of 20°C, reference should be made to ISO 13761. The MOP (Maximum Operating Pressure)
is related to the MRS of the material used; the pipe geometry (SDR; standard dimension ratio) and operating conditions by
the following formulae:
When the pipe geometry is known;
MOP = (20 x MRS) / (sF x (SDR-1))
73
Or when the operating conditions are known;

SDR = 1 + ((20 x MRS) / (sF x MOP))
Where:
• sF is the ‘overall service (design) coefficient, or Safety Factor . (For PE the minimum value of sF is 1.25)
• MRS is in MPa; (PE100 = 10 MPa, PE80 = 8 MPa)
• MOP is in bar
To calculate the SDR or MOP for a given standard pipe, use the calculator.
The pipe size required is determined by the flow capacity needs. Hydraulic capacity is influenced by the frictional head loss in a
pipe, which in turn is influenced by its surface roughness. PE has excellent surface characteristics and as a result the frictional losses
are lower than with most other pipe materials, leading to a lower energy requirement to pump water or gas through the pipe.
The roughness coefficients for PE used by our customers in hydraulic calculations are:
• Colebrook-White equation: k = 0.007 mm
• Hazen-Williams equation: c = 150 (dimensionless coefficient)
Q. What is the recommended max. operating pressure for a PE pipe?
The relationship between the maximum operating pressure (MOP), the minimum required strength of the PE pipe grade
(MRS) and the pipe geometry (SDR standard dimension ratio) is given by the following industrially recognised and applied
formula;
MOP = (20 x MRS) / (sF x (SDR-1))
Where sF is the ‘overall service (design) coefficient, or Safety Factor.
It is generally recommended by our customers and design institutes that for water applications the minimum value of sF is
1.25 and for gas applications the minimum value of sF is 2.0. The designer may apply higher coefficients depending upon
national codes of practice or judgment of local conditions and the critical nature of the application.
Q. How do customers allow for surge and fatigue loading in the design?
Surge and fatigue occur in pipelines due to the normal operations of, for example, pumps shutting down or valves being
operated quickly. Due to the incompressible nature of liquids the phenomenon is usually associated with water distribution
mains and pumped sewer mains.
Surge can be described as short term pressure rise above the static operating pressure. This is generally as a result of water
hammer where the sudden changes in fluid velocity within the pipeline, as pumps and valves are operated, are converted
to increases in fluid pressure. As the velocity stabilizes the fluid pressure reverts to its static operating pressure. Extensive
testing has confirmed that PE pipe can be used in the following surge conditions;
Surge pressure above Maximum
Overall service coefficient Typical application
Operating Pressure (MOP)
1.25 Water 50%
1.6 Gas 100%
Fatigue is associated with the repeated operation of the pumps and valves over a long period causing cyclic pressure variation. It
is the frequency of these events as well as the amplitude of them that is critical. Under these conditions the theory of linear
fatigue damage accumulation applies (Miners rule; ISO 13760).
With the introduction of high toughness PE pipe there have been few, if any, problems reported in these pipes operating under
74
surge and fatigue conditions. The empirical evidence has been backed up by extensive laboratory testing. Fatigue is not a concern
with high toughness PE, and surge pressure well in excess of MOP can be sustained without damage.
The reference document in the UK is the ‘Water Industry Guidance Note’ ( IGN 4-37-02 ) which requires no downgrading of PE
pipes operating under fatigue loading. Moreover PE materials can withstand surges of up to twice the MOP avoiding any need for
derating.
It is recommended that, for pipelines where surge and fatigue conditions will apply, a detailed surge analysis is carried out to
identify the peak surge pressures.
Q. What is SDR and how does it influence the pressure rating of the pipe?
The SDR is the ‘Standard Dimensional Ratio’ and refers to the geometry of the pipe. SDR is defined as the ratio of the
nominal outside diameter to the nominal wall thickness.
SDR = dn/en
Where;
• dn is the nominal outside diameter of the pipe
• en is the nominal (minimum) wall thickness of the pipe
Therefore a higher SDR indicates a thinner-walled pipe at any σ

given diameter.
The relationship between the SDR and the pressure rating is given
by Lames formula for the hoop stress in thick wall cylinders:
s = P(dn - en) / 2 en P
This can be rearranged as; s = P (SDR - 1) / 2
Where;
• s is the maximum hoop stress
• P is the internal pipe pressure

en
The hoop stress is the design stress for the material, which is the σ
(MRS) divided by the overall service (design) coefficient sF.
dn
MRS/ sF = P (SDR - 1) / 2
or rearranging; P = 2 MRS / sF (SDR – 1)
This pressure ‘P’ is then defined as the ‘Maximum Operating Pressure’ MOP, or the pressure rating of the pipe.
MOP = 2 MRS / sF (SDR – 1)
Where;
• MRS and MOP are in MPa Or MOP = 20 MRS / sF (SDR – 1)
Where;
• MRS is in MPa
• MOP is in bar.
Q. How do customers design a PE pipe to resist external loads e.g. traffic, soil and seismic loads?
Plastic pipes, including PE pipes, are normally classed as flexible pipes in structural terms and hence their design to resist
external loading is different from that of rigid pipes such as steel, ductile iron, concrete, etc.
The action of the vertical external loads, e.g. traffic loads, causes the flexible PE pipe to deflect. The deflection is resisted
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by the passive horizontal soil pressure acting on the pipe.

This means that the bedding and stiffness of the surrounding
Traffic Loads
soil are considered as important as the mechanical properties
of the pipe when traffic loading is being considered.
Q. Is PE pipe suitable for potable water applications?
Polyethylene pipeline systems have been used by our customers
for drinking water supply since their introduction in the 1950s.
The plastics industry has taken great responsibility in ensuring
that the products used do not adversely affect water quality. Soil Pressure
The range of tests undertaken on PE pipes normally covers
taste, odour, appearance of water, and tests for growth of
aquatic micro-organisms. This is a more extensive range of tests
than is currently applied to traditional pipe materials, such as
metals and cement and cement lined products, in most European countries. Thus there is a greater confidence that PE pipe
can be used for potable water supply under most operating conditions.
PE pipe compounds should be formulated for use in potable water applications. Moreover PE pipe is manufactured from
either blue or black compound with blue stripes identifying it as suitable for use in potable water applications.
Q. Can any of the constituents of the pipe material leach into the water over time?
Specific compounds of PE have been formulated for use in potable water applications. Extensive testing has been carried
out by the pipe manufacturers and independent test laboratories to ensure that there is no risk to public health. PE is
approved universally by National organizations for potable water use.
Q. Is PE pipe resistant to chemicals commonly found in soils?
PE pipes have excellent resistance to naturally occurring chemicals found in the soil. The polymer and pipe manufacturers
have extensive test data regarding the chemical resistance of the base polymer and PE pipe. Advice can be sought if there
is any doubt as to the suitability of PE for a particular application or environment.
Q. Is PE pipe resistant to chemicals commonly used for disinfection and water treatment?
PE pipe is generally resistant to the chemicals commonly used for water treatment and disinfection.
Q. What is the meaning of the designations PE80 and PE100?
The designations PE80 and PE100 are based on the long-term strength of the respective materials, known as the minimum
required strength (MRS) in accordance with ISO 12162.
The designations are:
Material Designation Minimum Required Strength (MRS)

MPa
PE 100 10.0
PE 80 8.0
The MRS is determined by performing regression analysis in accordance with ISO 9080 on the test data from the results of
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long-term pressure testing. The regression analysis allows for the prediction of the minimum strength for a specific service
lifetime. The data is extrapolated to predict the minimum strength at 20°C and at the specified 50 years design lifetime.
Q. How do these designations relate to MDPE and HDPE?
Prior to the adoption of international standards (CEN, ISO) PE pipe materials were more commonly designated by their
density within the range associated with PE i.e. Low Density PE (LDPE), Medium Density PE (MDPE) and High Density PE
(HDPE). The reference to density gave an indication of the material strength. For example HDPE pipe had a higher long term
strength or higher (MRS) minimum required strength than LDPE. But this gave no indication as to other long term properties,
such as slow crack growth or resistance to rapid crack propagation.
MDPE was developed in the 1970’s specifically for pipes for the gas distribution network. National standards were
subsequently developed to incorporate not only strength requirements but also toughness requirements in relation to
Slow Crack Growth. These standards were used as the model for the introduction of International standards and the
designation of PE 80.
Further developments in the 1990’s saw the introduction of a higher strength, higher toughness PE. As the density of the
polymer was in the same range as the traditional PE confusion arose when describing or specifying the product. A short
term solution was to describe the new PE as High Performance Polyethylene (HPPE). However with the introduction of the
CEN and further development of the ISO standards the new improved PE was designated PE 100.
Q. What are the failure mechanisms of PE pipe and how are they avoided?
Failure of any pipe system can occur when the strength, toughness or chemical resistance capabilities of the pipe are
exceeded. The general performance of PE is comparable with, and frequently superior to, that of other pipe materials.
Design procedures for PE pipe enable designers & specifiers to avoid failure mechanisms and to ensure an adequate factor
of safety against each.
Strength : Strength is the ability of the pipe to withstand deformation. Such deformation can arise from, internal fluid
pressure, ground loading, external water table etc. However for a buried PE pipe the initially imposed stresses are continually
relaxing. PE pipe systems can normally resist ground movement and subsidence without a problem. An extreme example
of this was the earthquake in Kobe, Japan. The PE gas and water systems survived and remained intact whilst multiple
failures occurred in pipelines in other materials. Failure can occur when the design parameters are exceeded for example
due to excessive loading or extreme temperatures.
Toughness : Toughness is the ability of the pipe to withstand fracture. Fractures can subsequently be divided into ‘slow
crack growth’ (SCG) and ‘rapid crack propagation’ (RCP). Slow crack growth can occur if the pipe is subject to continuous
bending forces as a result of, for example, ground movement. Rapid crack propagation theoretically results from a
combination of over-pressurisation and, for example, third party impact damage. National and International standards
include tests to determine the pipe’s resistance to both of these fracture mechanisms. Design procedures are to be followed
to ensure that fracture failure does not occur in normal operation. The exceptional track record of a much lower incidence
of failures in PE systems underlines the durability and toughness of the material, and that the correct design procedures
have been applied.
Chemical Resistance : Chemical resistance is the ability of the pipe to withstand the effects of chemicals, either being
carried within the pipe or occurring in the adjacent ground, without reduction in performance characteristics. PE has
excellent resistance to most chemicals. However some chemicals, notably organic solvents and oils, may have the effect of
reducing the pipe strength through absorption into the pipe wall thus changing its characteristics. However such changes
are normally reversible if the solvent or oil is allowed to evaporate away. If there is any doubt, or to ensure such a failure
does not occur, a chemical analysis should be carried out and advice sought from the pipe manufacturer. The design can
then be modified to take into account the possible effect of the chemical action.
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Q. Is PE pipe affected by exposure to UV light?

PE80 and PE100 materials are normally compounded with uniformly dispersed special additives including UV stabilizers,
which should protect the pipe from degradation caused by intensive Ultra Violet light. Moreover for specific applications,
such as pipework above the ground, where it is known that the pipe will be subjected to UV light, the material can be
compounded with carbon black or specialized pigment formulation which provides additional long-term protection.
Q. What pipe lengths are available?
As the pipe manufacture is a continuous process, in theory the lengths available are unlimited. In practice however the
lengths are limited by transport, ease of handling on site, other general site conditions and local practices.
PE pipe is generally available in three forms:
1. Straight lengths of pipe.
2. Coils : Free-standing coils of pipe up to pipe diameter 140mm.
3. Drums : Similar to coils but supplied wrapped onto a drum for support. Longer lengths are available in this form than in coils.
For both coils and drums the range of pipe lengths available is usually limited by transport considerations.
Q. How can PE pipe be connected to other pipe materials?
PE pipe can be connected to pipe in other materials by a range of mechanical fittings
Q. Are there any special trenching requirements advised by our customers for PE pipe?
No special trenching requirements are normally needed for PE compared to other materials & the preparation of trenches
should follow National or local practices.
Sharp stones should be removed from the base of the trench and where laying the pipe across rock or granular soil of
angular consistency, such as gravel or cobbles, the trench should be excavated below the required depth to allow the pipe
to be laid on imported compacted backfill.
It is advisable that PE pipe be surrounded by good quality compacted backfill which may need to be imported. Local codes
of practice normally advise the nature of pipe bedding material required. The ability of PE pipe to be joined above ground
and snaked into the trench allows for the use of narrow trenches. The trench width can be kept to a minimum but should
still allow for good compaction during backfilling. Again it is important to consult local and national practices.
Q. Are there any limitations on the depth at which PE pipe can be laid?
There are normally no depth limitations related to PE pipe material.
The depth limitation to which PE pipe can be laid is not governed by the material properties but by the site conditions, soil
type, level of water table, etc. This is no different from other pipe materials. The pipe should be designed to resist any
additional forces from soil loading associated with deep excavations.
PE pipe can be assembled at the surface and placed into a deep trench without site personnel being in the trench for long
periods, or possibly not at all. This is a considerable safety benefit where stability of the trench may be a concern.
Q. Is trench alignment critical when laying PE pipe?
No. The flexibility of PE allows it to be placed with some variations in alignment to suit local terrain if necessary.
The alignment of the trench in the vertical plane is dependant on the application for which the pipe is being used. For
example, gas and water PE distribution mains can be laid to follow the contours of the ground beneath which the pipe is
being laid. PE gravity sewers, however, should be laid to the specified gradient to ensure their correct hydraulic function.
In the horizontal plane the pipe can be laid to follow, for example, the alignment of a road or footpath. However there is a
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limit to the bending of PE pipes. The minimum advisable bend radius at which PE can be laid is dependent on the SDR of
the pipe. To avoid any risk of kinking, buckling and overstressing the following minimum bend radii are recommended.
These are for pipes without ovality at 20°C.
Pipe SDR Minimum Bend Radius
9 DN x 12
11 DN x 15
13.6 DN x 21
17 / 17.6 DN x 25
21 DN x 35
26 DN x 45
33 DN x 65
Example ; the minimum radius of bend for placing a 500mm, SDR 11 pipe is; (500 x 15) mm = 7.5m
It should be noted that joints should not be included in bends of the minimum radius in order to avoid high local stresses
at fittings or butt fusion joints. Also it is advisable to increase the quoted minimum radius at temperatures below 5°C.
Q. Can PE pipe normally be installed by Trenchless methods or methods using minimum excavation?
Yes. PE pipe is ideally suited to installation by trenchless or minimum excavation techniques and many of the common
methods were initially developed for PE. The techniques used by installers that routinely use PE are:
Pipe Bursting or Pipe Splitting : This technique involves using a device which passes through the existing pipe and breaks
it, forcing the fragments into the surrounding soil. The replacement PE pipe is pulled through behind the pipe bursting
device. For the replacement of brittle materials such as concrete, cast iron, clay etc, the term pipe bursting is used.
For the replacement of more ductile materials, steel or ductile iron, the device splits the existing pipe and hence the term
pipe splitting is used. The techniques allow for replacement with pipe of the same diameter, or the void can be expanded
to allow a larger size PE pipe to be inserted.
Several research projects and a great deal of experience has shown that the PE pipe is seldom damaged during pipe
bursting or pipe splitting works when these are undertaken following the correct procedures.
Pipe Bursting
Directional Drilling or Guided Boring : This technique is ideally suited for crossings under roads, railways, rivers, airport
runways, etc. A pilot hole is initially drilled using a steerable drill head and drilling fluid, with an electronic transmitter attached
behind the drill head to ensure the correct path is maintained. Further drilling and reaming achieves the required diameter.
The PE pipe can then be assembled at the surface to the required length and pulled into the hole. Equipment is available
to measure and record the axial force applied to the pipe during installation to ensure that it is not over-stressed.
If required the annulus between the PE pipe and the surrounding soil can be grouted to provide greater stability if this is
necessary, but this must be done in a controlled manner to ensure that the pipe is not overloaded leading to its collapse.
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Drilling the Pilot Bore
Backreaming and Pulling in the Product Pipe
Slip Lining : Slip lining is the simplest form of pipeline renovation using PE. The replacement PE pipe is simply pulled
through the existing pipe. The length of the section depends on the route of the existing pipe and the location of tees and
bends. The replacement PE pipe should be designed to be fully structural and acts as an independent liner. The loose fit of
the PE liner pipe in the existing pipe results in a loss of hydraulic capacity.
Details at “A”
The void between the existing pipe and the PE liner can be grouted to provide greater stability if this is necessary, but this
must be done in a controlled manner to ensure that the pipe is not overloaded leading to its collapse.
Q. Is PE pipe suitable for new supply or collection networks?
Yes. PE pipe is ideally suited for new supply networks. Applications in which PE pipe is widely used by our customers
include:
• Gas mains distribution networks • Gas service supply pipes
• Water mains distribution systems • Water service supply pipes
• Pumped sewer mains • Gravity sewer and drain networks
• Irrigation systems • Industrial and process pipework
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Below Ground
For below ground applications, for example gas and water distribution mains and gravity and pumped sewer mains, the use
of PE has encouraged significant improvements by our customers in the design and performance of the equipment used
for laying PE, particularly in congested urban environments. Techniques that have been developed include narrow trenching
and directional drilling or guided boring which are particularly suitable for road, rail, river and similar crossings.
Above Ground
Where the pipe is laid above ground by our customers and the installers, for example industrial and process pipe work, the
relatively light weight of PE compared with other pipe materials minimizes the amount of handling equipment required.
Above ground pipes need to be suitably protected against mechanical damage and UV degradation.
Q. Can PE pipe be used for replacement or rehabilitation of existing pipe networks?
Yes, The strength and flexibility of PE make it the preferred material by our customers for replacement and rehabilitation
of existing pipe networks. Replacement of existing pipe networks in open trench can be carried out in a similar manner to
the installation of new networks.
There is a wide range of trenchless or minimum excavation techniques that can be employed that are suitable for the
rehabilitation of existing networks. Some of the techniques that can be employed are:
• Pipe bursting or pipe splitting
• Directional drilling or guided boring
• Slip lining
The use of trenchless techniques can significantly reduce the cost of pipe replacement or rehabilitation, as there are
minimal excavation and reinstatement costs. The choice of the trenchless technique employed by our customers or the
installer depends upon a number of factors, including:
• Hydraulic capacity requirements
• Soil type
• Location of other underground utilities and plant
• Sufficient clearance under roads, footpaths etc. to avoid damage

• Condition of host pipe
• External loading characteristics
• Network operating needs: can pipe be taken out of service or is a live insertion technique necessary?
Q. What are the bedding requirements for PE pipe?

Customers are normally advised that trench bottoms should be excavated to provide a reasonably even bed along the pipe
length and free of sharp stones or other objects that could damage the pipe. Sand for pipe bedding should be used where
possible and soil containing sharp, angular gravel or cobbles should not be used for bedding of PE pipe. The depth of the
trench should be suitable to provide the required cover when reinstated.
Where the pipe is to be laid through rock or ground of variable consistency, customers normally advised that the trench
should be excavated approx. 150mm below its normal depth, and a bedding material placed before the pipe to provide a
bed of suitable consistency.
Q. What levels of productivity can be achieved in PE pipe installation?
PE can normally be installed much more quickly than most other pipe materials.
The productivity of laying PE, from excavation to reinstatement and commissioning, depends on a number of factors;
81
environment (urban or rural), ground type and condition, surface reinstatement (road or unpaved), etc. The most important
influence is the installation technique employed; trenchless techniques and chain trenching in particular can increase
productivity significantly.
Factors that improve productivity are:
• Ease of site handling of PE pipe due to its flexibility and low weight
• Use of coils and long lengths of pipe, minimizing the number of joints
• Ease of jointing by butt fusion or electrofusion
• Ability of pipe to be jointed above ground to provide long pipe strings
• Use of narrow trench techniques
• Use of trenchless or minimum excavation techniques
Q. Are there any special factors that affect the testing procedures when commissioning PE pipe?
Yes. It is important to follow the correct commissioning procedures in order to avoid false conclusions on the performance
of the pipeline.
Factors that affect the testing of PE pipe during commissioning procedures are: temperature variations; the amount of
trapped air in the pipeline and the creep characteristic of PE pipe. Hence one has to take these into account while testing.
Due to the relatively high co-efficient of thermal expansion of PE pipe it is essential that variations in temperature be
minimized during the commissioning procedure. It is recommended, both for safety and to minimize temperature variation,
that the trench is backfilled prior to testing. It may be allowable to leave critical joints open to allow for inspection during
commissioning.
When carrying out hydrostatic testing it is essential that all air is removed from the pipeline prior to testing. The pipe can
be filled using either pigging or gravity fed techniques. If gravity filling is to be used it may be necessary to install tapping’s
at high points to vent trapped air and at low points to enable all the water to be removed.
As the test pressure is applied to a PE pipeline, the pipe will expand due to the creep characteristics of the material. This
will result in a drop of pressure or require the system to be ‘topped up’ to maintain the required pressure. The test
procedure for PE pipe must include a period of time to allow the pipe to stabilize or should include a method whereby the
pressure drop due to pipe expansion is calculated to discriminate from the pressure drop from leakage. If this is not done
false test results will be obtained because it will not be possible to determine whether any loss of pressure is due to the
expansion of the pipe or to real leakage.
This expansion of the pipe when load is applied is normal behavior for a plastic material and is not an indication of
failure.
Q. What techniques are available for isolating sections of PE pipe for maintenance?
The design of PE pipe networks should follow conventional network practices with the installation of valves at convenient
or critical locations. The valves can then be operated to isolate sections of the pipe network for maintenance.
Additionally however PE pipe networks have the advantage that more localised isolation can be implemented by the use
of pipe ‘squeeze-off’. Squeeze-off is used in routine and emergency situations to stop or nearly stop flow in PE pipe by
flattening the pipe between parallel bars.
PE pipe squeeze-off utilises the ductility of PE by allowing the pipe to be squeezed together using relatively simple but
specially designed squeeze-off tools thus preventing the flow of fluid and isolating the pipe section. It is important that
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only specifically designed tools are used and that the squeeze-off controls are set for the specific diameter and SDR of the
pipe in order to control the degree of compression of the PE
pipe and prevent any damage.
The squeeze off tools are generally mechanically operated up to
about 125mm diameter and hydraulically operated for larger
diameters. However squeeze-off equipment is not readily available
for the largest diameters of PE pipe. It is important to follow the
manufacturers instructions when using these tools and to use tools
appropriate for the pipe diameter and SDR. Also the tools need to
be capable of resisting the operating pressure of the pipe, and there
are limits to the pressures that they can sustain.
Properly implemented squeeze-off, using the correct tools, is
not expected to cause damage to the PE pipe, which regains its
circular cross-section after the tool is released. However
squeeze-off is not recommended to be done more than once at
any location. If repeated flow control is required a valve or an
appropriate flow control device should be installed in the Squeeze-Off Test
system.
Squeeze-off is not intended as a means to throttle or partially restrict flow. Complete flow stoppage may not occur in all
cases. When squeezing larger pipes, particularly at higher pressures, some seepage is likely. When seepage is not acceptable,
it may be necessary to vent the pipe in-between two squeeze-offs. Any work performed must be downstream of the
second squeeze-off.
Inflatable bag flow stopping equipment can also be used for PE pipes. A saddle fitting needs to be fixed to the pipe, through
which the inflatable bags are inserted. It is important that the correct saddle fitting is used compatible with the equipment
being used. Reference should be made to the manufacturers instructions.
Q. How can damaged PE pipe be repaired?
More extensive damage will require the section of pipe to be cut out and replaced. This is a relatively simple process, firstly
isolating the damaged section by the use of squeeze-off tools, cutting out the section and replacing with new pipe using
electrofusion couplers to tie-in the sections. It is important that the replacement section is of suitable diameter and
pressure rating to maintain the integrity of the pipeline.
In all cases reference should be made to local or national codes of practice and all health and safety procedures should be
closely followed.
Q. What is the typical expected frequency of leaks in a PE pipe network?
The frequency of repair to PE pipe depends upon a number of factors: above or below ground installation; direct burial or
sliplined; location of other utility plant and pipework, etc. Studies of leakage in Belgium and the Netherlands show that PE
has a frequency of leaks as follows:
• In mains: 0.0156 leaks/km/year
• In services 0.071 leaks/km/year
This is comparable with steel and significantly lower than the data for iron pipes.
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Q. What is Electrofusion ?
Electrofusion is a simple method of joining PE pipes in circumstances where butt fusion is not practicable, such as where
valves, elbows, and tees must be added. Prefabricated fittings are used, incorporating an electrical heating coil which melts
the plastic of both the fitting and the pipe, causing them to fuse together.
The characteristics of the fitting to be welded, such as the
fusion time, are registered via a barcode on the fitting. An
electrofusion control unit (ECU) supplies the electrical energy
necessary to heat the coil. When the coil is energised, the
material adjacent to it melts and forms an expanding pool
which comes into contact with the surface of the pipe. The
continued introduction of heat energy causes the pipe surface
to melt and a mixing of pipe melt and fitting melt takes place;
this is vital to produce a good weld. Following the termination
of the heat cycle, the fitting and the pipe are left to cool and the
melted material solidifies to form a sound joint.
Hot and cold zones, sometimes called melt and freeze zones, Electrofusion Fittings
are formed after energising the coil. The length of these zones is
particularly important. Each zone ensures that fusion is controlled to a precise length of the socket of the fitting and that
the melt pressure is also controlled throughout the entire jointing process. The precisely controlled pitch and positioning
of the coil in relation to the inner surface of the socket ensures uniform heat distribution.
The basic fusion parameters: temperature, pressure and time, are controlled by the ECU which is programmed to establish
these parameters from the barcode read from the fitting itself. The ECU also provides a permanent record of the procedure
followed.
Compact ECUs are now available that allow in-trench
electrofusion welding to be carried out safely by just one-man.
The effectiveness of electrofusion depends on attention to
preparation of the jointing surfaces and ensuring that the
surfaces to be welded have satisfactory contact during the
welding and cooling cycles. The pipe surfaces to be fused need
to be scraped to remove the surface oxidation layer prior to
fusion. Pipe clamps or other approved methods of restraining,
aligning and rerounding the pipes during the fusion cycle should
be used.
To prepare the jointing surfaces the pipe surface must be Distribution pipe joint by EF fusion method for KUWASIP Project
scraped with an appropriate pipe scraper, as recommended by
the pipe or fitting manufacturer, to remove the entire surface
of the pipe over the area indicated, to a depth of approximately 0.3mm. Metal files, rasps, emery paper etc are not suitable
end preparation tools. Following scraping the scraped surface must be wiped with an authorised Ispropanol impregnated
pipewipe, as recommended by the pipe or fitting manufacturer, to remove any dust residue. Methylated spirits, acetone,
methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or other solvents are not recommended for wiping the scraped surface. The prepared surfaces
must be completely dry before proceeding.
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The resulting joint, when properly made, is as strong as the original pipe and can withstand all the loads applied during
routine installation and operation.
Q. What is Butt fusion ?
Butt fusion is a thermofusion process which involves the simultaneous heating of the ends of two pipe/fitting components
which are to be joined, until a molten state is attained on each contact surface. The two surfaces are then brought together
under controlled pressure for a specific cooling time and a homogeneous fusion joint is formed. The resultant joint is fully
resistant to end loads and has comparable performance under pressure to the pipe itself.
An electrical heater plate is used to raise the temperature of the pipe ends to the required fusion temperature. Butt-fusion
can be used to join both PE80 and PE100 materials for pipe sizes of 90mm and above of the same SDR.
The butt welding machines used to weld PE pipes have controls to ensure the welding parameters are strictly adhered to.
The following parameters are controlled:
• heater plate temperature • ovality and alignment
• interface pressure • bead width
• heat soak time • changeover time
Control of these is necessary to ensure premature failure of the

weld does not occur. The field conditions under which PE pipe
is welded have a considerable effect on the strength of the
joint. In order to achieve an acceptable weld three elements
are essential:
• Cleanliness: because contamination will ruin joints
• Technique: Most owners of PE pipe systems require that
people performing butt welding of PE pipes are qualified
by completing a recognised training course
• Correctly designed equipment with proper maintenance:
Correct welding temperatures, welding procedures and
pipe facing tools must be maintained in tolerance and in Laying and Jointing of 110 mm to 630 mm PE pipe, Ramky Infrastructures
good condition.
The resulting joint, if it has been properly made, is as strong as the original pipe and can withstand all the loads applied
during routine installation and operation.
During the fusion process internal and external ‘weld beads’ are formed. Techniques have been developed to minimise the
size of the beads. The removed weld beads can be inspected as part of a quality control programme.
Q. What is Mechanical Assembly ?
Mechanical assembly requires the use of fittings, generally working on the compression principle, to join different materials
together. It is most commonly used with PE for joining the PE to a pipe or fitting of a different material, or in circumstances
where fusion is not feasible.
Mechanical fittings generally include a stiffener which is placed inside the pipe or fitting to ensure stability when the fitting
is compressed. These stiffeners are also designed to withstand end loading where necessary. The fittings also include
gaskets which are compressed to effect the seal at the rated pressure of the fitting.
85
The fittings for use in gas and water can differ and it is essential to use the correct fitting for the application. If there is any
doubt the manufacturer of the fitting should be contacted. Similarly the manufacturer’s recommendations on installing the
fitting, including any limitations on torque to be applied in tightening the fitting, should be followed at all times.
Q. How do we compare HDPE pipe Vs other pipe material ?
HDPE Vs DI Pipes
PE pipe for fluid distribution networks, especially for critical applications like gas pipelines, water supply & drainage has a
particular advantage in earthquake prone areas, since the flexibility and strainability of the pipe enable it to withstand severe
ground movements. This is substantiated by the Kobe earthquake studies. In this context the fusion-welded joints have proved to
be of special value, as they can withstand high axial and bending loads, which otherwise cause failure of steel and ductile iron
pipes.
Sr.
Criteria HDPE Pipe DI Pipe/ MS pipe
No.
Pipeline efficiency does
1 Pipe Performance Pipeline efficiency detoriates with time.
not detoriate with time.
2 Dependability for Pipe performance and In case of Metal pipe over all performance depends on other
Pipe performance Chemical Resistance materials and their quality.
and Chemical of HDPE pipe is not a. Resistance to External Corrosion depends on - Quality and
Resistance. dependent on any other continunity of Metallic Zinc & Bituminous paints used for
material. external protection.
b. Resistance to Internal Corrosion and “C” value depends on
quality of CM and Epoxy Lining.
c. Cement Mortar Lining may fail due to following reasons:
1. Negative Surge Pressure.
2. Disbonding
3. Deflection of pipe
4. Cracks
5. Difference in temperature.
d. Sockets do not have protection by Cement Mortar Lining.
3 Any surface in pipe All surfaces are protected Socket is not protected (by CML). Hence Corrosion may start
line which is not and characteristics like at the socket and result in improper seat for rubber ring i.e.
protected ? Chemical Resistance is Leakage, Contamination of Water, Pitting in Pipe etc.
constant and same at all
locations.
4 Earthquake Effect The Flexibility & Strong May have major Leakage problem after Soil Movement or
joints make HDPE Pipe Earthquakes
well suited for dynamic
soils including areas
prone to Earthquake.
5 Surge Pressure HDPE pressure pipe will Surge pressure is 5 times of HDPE pipe surge pressure.
produce very low surge
pressure. Surge pressure Need surge protection devices.
is about 20% of Metal
Pipe.
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HDPE Vs DI Pipes
Sr.
No.
6 Surge Pressure Not required. Required
protection device
/ Concrete-Thrust
blocks.
7 Ability to withstand HDPE pipe can withstand DI pipe can withstand only up to 1.5 times Rated Pressure.
Surge Pressure pressure up to 2.3 times
Rated Pressure
8 Suitability in BC HDPE pipe takes care Soil Settlement or Movement will not be tolerated.
soil, against Soil for soil movement Not suitable in BC & Expansive soil also.
Movement or Soil and settlement of Needs lot of care in these situations.
Settlement soil, suitable in BC &
Expansive soil also.
9 Corrosion, holes in Not possible due to Major problem due to its material properties.
pipes etc. its excellent material
properties.
10 Infiltration HDPE pipes with fused Infiltration is Experienced in almost every scheme.
problems joints simply do not leak,
eliminating infiltration
problems.
11 Chemical Resistance HDPE pipe has superb There is no safe pH range i.e. no resistance.
chemical resistance
and is the material of These pipes are Corroded by even small quantity of any
choice in harsh chemical chemical.
environments.
Pipe is safe over pH Value
1 to 14.
12 Joint Type Heat Fusion Joint is Rubber Ring Joint.
Mostly used. Other types
of joints are Electrofusion
Joints, Flange Joint.
13 Joint Strength Joint is as Strong as Pipe Joint is much more Weaker than Pipe Material
Material
14 Joint Leakages Joints are Leak free. All over world it is accepted that Leakages are Minimum 25%
and goes up to 65%.
15 Joint Leakages No leakage in total length Every joint is potential point for leakages. i.e. at every 10 to
Location of pipeline 20 feet.
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HDPE Vs DI Pipes
Sr.
No.
16 Joint Performance Joint performance Joint performance depends on temperature of water.
with temperature. does not depend on DI pipe manufacturer recommends storage of Rubber Ring
temperature of water below 250C temperature. This means if water temperature is
and quality of any other above 250C then performance will be affected.
material. If pipe is
subjected to continuous Performance depends on quality of Rubber ring.
temp. more than This means if temperature is more than 250C then joint
300C. De-rating in pipe performance will not be up to mark and this is one of the
pressure. Normally pipe main reason for leakages.
specs are designed for
water temp. of 300C.
17 Bending of Pipes. Because of excellent Only 1 to 2 Degree deflection is possible which is almost
joints the pipe can bend negligible and hence bends are required at each change in
with radius of 25 times direction.
diameter.
18 Efficient life and Efficient life is 100 years. Efficient life is 35 years.
Life Cycle Cost- with The Life Cycle cost of PE For 100 years efficient performance, the Life Cycle cost is
respect to pipe pipe is Zero. more than 116 times its original cost.
material cost only.
19 Ease to work. The combination of Due to Rigidity of the pipe and rubber ring joint the
flexibility and leak free installation has to be done inside the trench.
joints allow for unique
Installation in Water Logged Areas, under River Crossings,
and cost effective types
Sea/ River Outfall etc. is not possible.
of installation methods.
Such as we can do the
welding & testing of
maximum length of pipes
on ground and then just
push the pipes into the
trench. Possible to install
in water logged area,
river crossing, sea outfall
etc.
20 Hazen William’s Remains 150 through out 120 with CM lining, but may come down to 70 to 90 after 35
“C” Factor the life span of 100 years years. Resulting in more pumping cost or less discharge.
88
HDPE Vs GRP Pipes

S.No. Parameter HDPE Pipes GRP Pipes
1. Suitability to Pipes & Fittings Material being Tough but Pipes & Fittings are Light, Delicate and Rigid.
Transport up to Flexible there is no possibility of damages Damages due to Impacts during Transportation
Field during Transport of Pipe to the field from are Very High.
Manufacturer
2. In-field Pipes are Flexible & Tough and hence Pipes being Light, Delicate and Rigid the pipes
Movement no possibility of damages during infield get damaged / Broken quite Frequently during
Movement and Handling the Infield Movement.
3. Handling Easy to Handle. Careful Handling is necessary.

Do not break in handling. The pipes get broken easily.
4. Feasibility to Pipes can be easily Repair on the site itself. For Repairing the damaged pipes skilled
Repair The damaged portion can be easily cut off personnel are needed.
and Welded together with the help of a
simple butt-fusion machine.
There is no need for a highly skilled
operator for repairing.
5. Installation and Jointing is done by Fully Automatic / Semi- Jointing involves Skill & Experience of the
Operation Automatic Butt-Welding / Electro-Fusion operator. Human error is evident depending
machines, whereby eliminating any scope upon the person to person.
for human errors
6. Jointing Types Very Wide Range of Jointing to suit almost Limited Joint types.
all other types of pipe materials.
7. Maintenance Zero Maintenance piping system. Pipeline breaks under Seismic Zones or
Unbreakable under Seismic Zones or Unstable soil areas.
Unstable soil areas.
8. Aging Pipes are made of Homogeneous Single Because of Compounded Material, Fast Aging
material. Further, because of strong UV of pipe material takes place, Restricting Life of
Protection, Aging process is very Slow and pipe-line to below 30 years.
Pipelines may work even upto 100 years.
9. Inside Surface Inside Surface is very Smooth. Inside Surface is not as Smooth as that of
HDPE.
10. Nature of Pipe Visco-Elastic Nature. Can be laid along the Rigid. Need Flat-Bed trenches.
Contour. Very good for Hilly / Mountainous Not Suitable for difficult Terrain.
difficult Terrain also. Trenching Cost Increases Highly.
Trenching Cost Highly Reduced.
11. Flexibility The Pipe allows a Bending Radius of 25 Pipes are Rigid and use of Bends is must.
times the Diameter of Pipe. Reduces the Increased Loss of Head due to Friction.
number of Bends and thus Reduce Loss of
Head due to Friction.
89
HDPE Vs GRP Pipes

12. Pumping Energy Lower Pumping Cost due to Lower Higher Pumping Cost due to Higher
Frictional Losses. PE pipe has Better Flow Frictional Losses. This is easily computed
characteristics as the “C” value of GRP pipe is much less
(16% less) than PE pipe. This leads to more
Frictional Loss in GRP Pipe and more energy
exerted for Pumping Per Kilo-Litre of Water.
This is a recurring drain in the user’s pocket.
13. Shut-down Wave The shut-down Wave Velocity is half of what The Shut-Down Wave Velocity is Double that of
Velocity is in GRP piping system. what is in HDPE Piping System.
Safe Leak-Proof Joints. More Joint Failures and Increased Maintenance
Negligible Maintenance Cost. Cost.
14. Shut-down The Shut-down pressure change is also half The Shut-Down pressure change is double that
Pressure Change of what is in GRP Piping System. of what is in HDPE Piping System.
Safe Leak-proof joints. More Joint Failures and Increased Maintenance
Negligible maintenance cost. Cost.
15. Water Hammer & Because of its Visco-Elastic Nature, absorbs Rigid. Breaks under Water Hammer & Surge or
Surge most of the effect of Water Hammer & needs Specials, Valves / Fittings to absorb the
Surge and Survives without any damage effect.
16. Thermal PE has good Thermal Resistance and can GRP becomes Brittle at Low Temperatures and
Resistance sustain a wide range of Temperature thus prone to breakage.
variations between -40º C to +45º C
17. Impact Resistance High Impact Resistance. Can survive Comparatively Low Resistance to Impacts.
Accidental Impacts. The pipes get damaged easily.
18. Compatibility Highly Compatible with other Piping Not easily Compatible with other Piping
Materials. Materials.
19. Environmental Very High ESCR, Low ESCR.

Stress Crack hence can be used over ground also. Not suitable for On ground and Over ground
Resistance, applications.
(ESCR )
20. Abrasion Very good Abrasion Resistance. Prone to Abrasion. Pipes gets Damaged Faster
Resistance Gives Very Long Trouble-Free life to due to Poor Abrasion and need Replacement,
Pipeline, particularly when water is pumped particularly when water is pumped from Rivers,
from Rivers, which may contain Silt / Sand which may contain Silt / Sand Particles.
Particles.
90
HDPE Vs GRP Pipes

21. Strainability Strainability of PE pipe material is 3 times of Strainability of GRP pipe material is 1/3rd of PE
GRP. This enables : Pipes.
- Easy Installation - Installation troublesome
- Less Number of Fittings - More number of fittings required
- Reduced Frictional Loss - Higher frictional loss
- Trouble Free Operation - Breakage trouble
- Very Low Maintenance Cost - Higher maintenance cost
- Sustains Soil-Settlements & Prism Loads - Succumb to soil-settlements &
very well Prism Loads.
- Sustains through Earthquakes. - Pipe-lines break due to earthquakes.
Kobe, Japan is very good example.
The report is officially available.
22 Environmental HDPE is a Thermoplastic Plastic Material GRP is a Thermoset Material which cannot be
Effect which can be recycled and hence is recycled hence Environmentally Hazardous.
Environmentally friendlier.
23 Inside Polyethylene pipes manufactured by GRP piping based on Thermoset Systems will
Outside extrusion have a Smooth Internal & External have either a True Inside Surface or a True
Smoothness Surface. Outside Surface but not both surfaces.
Pipings made by Filament Winding have a
good finish on the Inside while those made
by Centrifugal Casting have a Smooth Outside
Surface.
24 Water Absorption HDPE pipe have a negligible value of water Water absorption of GRP pipes ranges from
absorption of 0.03 % and no impact on 0.2 % to 0.8 %. Permeation of this water into
strength of pipe. the polymer matrix could weaken the glass to
resin bond.
91
List of Major Customers of PE Pipes
Application Application
Water Transmission, Distribution & House Service Connection Permanently Lubricated Duct for OFC
Major Water Supply & Sewerage Boards of India • CPWD New Delhi • ALCATEL • Aircel • BSNL • Bharti Airtel • TATA Tele Services
• Gujarat Water Supply & Sewerage Board • Chennai Metro Water • Vodafone • MTNL • Grameen Phone • Reliance Telecom • Spice
Supply & Sewerage Board • Hyderabad Metro Water Supply & Telecom • Tata Communications • Ortel Telecom • Hughes Telecom •
Sewerage Board • Mumbai Metropolitan Area Develop Authority • Globa Comm Nigeria • IOCL • BPCL • HPCL • Power Grid Corp of
Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Sewerage Board • Kerala Water India Ltd • Gail Tel • Rail Tel.
Authority • Delhi Jal Board • Rajasthan PHED. • Karnataka Urban
Infra Finance Corp. • Tamil Nadu Water & Drainage Board • RUIDP. • Aban Constructions • Dodsal • Essar Eng • Kalpataru • Gammon
India • Punj Lloyd • Roman Tarmat • United Telecom
• Municipal Corporations of : • Greater Mumbai • New Mumbai • Telecommunications Consultants India Ltd. • ITI.
• Kolkata • Hyderbad • Tirupati • Thane • Nasik • Cuddapah
• Dharmavaram • Jamshedpur • Kurnool • Rajamundry • Goa Broad Band - Goa State Wide Area Network.
• Vijaywada. Hydel Power
Townships: • GAIL India • NPCIL • Amanora • Lavasa • Sahara • Satya
Sai Nilayam • Gulmarg Development Authority Kashmir • ONGC • Himurja : Marhi Mini Hydel Power & Keylong -Water Conductor
• NTPC • NPCIL • JSW Energy. • Himurja: Pangi- Spillway • Shakti Energy
SEZ : • Adani Power • AP Industrial Infrastructure • Biomax Fuels Sand Stowing
• ELCOT • Cognizant • Gujarat Hira Bourse
Major Contractors : • Larsen & Tubro • Gammon India • Electro Steel • Central Coalfields • Guj Mineral Development Corp • Hindustan
Castings • Tata Projects • IVRCL • Nagarjuna Construction • LANCO • Zinc Singareni Collieries • South Eastern Coalfields • Hutti Gold
K. Ramakrishna • Koya • Megha Eng • Vishwa Infrastructures • Mines.
JUSCO • Ashoka Buildcon • Clough Engineering • SMC Infra • Veolia Dredging
Water
• Compagnie Generale • Ion Exchange • Doshi Ion • Gujarat Maritime Board • Gangavarm Port
City Gas Distribution Pipe. HVAC / Chilled Water Circulation
• Mahanagar Gas Mumbai • Indraprastha Gas New Delhi • Vadodara • Blue Star Ltd., Goa • Volkswagen, Pune • Indo Rama, Nagpur
Municipal Corp • Maharashtra Natural Gas • GAIL (India) • Green • CIDCO, Mumbai
Gas- Lucknow • Greater Calcutta Gas • Tripura Natural Gas • GSPC Seawater Intake / Outfall & River Crossing
Gas Company • Gujarat Gas • Adani Energy • Central UP Gas-Kanpur
• Haryana City Gas • Sabarmati Gas. • Befesa Infrastructure India Pvt. Ltd. (Chennai Metro Water).
• Pharmacity Vizag • Kerala Water Authority Calicut
Sewerage / Drainage & Effluent
Casing for Gas Pipes & Cables
• Airport Runway New Delhi & Hyderbad. • Delhi Jal Board • Delhi
Development Authority • Delhi State Industrial Development • Indraprastha Gas • Mahanagar Gas • Reliance Energy • BEST •
Corporation • Kolkatta Environment Improvement Project Tata Power • Tata Teleservices • Airtel • ABB • Tamil Nadu Electricity
• Kolkata Municipal Corporation • Karnataka Industrial Area Develop Board • Maharashtra State Electricity Board • Delhi Vidyut Board •
Board • Maharastra Industrial Development Corporation. • Gujarat Delhi Metro Rail
Ind Develop Corp. • Chhattisgarh Ind. Development • UP Jal Nigam
Thermal Desalination of Sea Water.
• IPCL • MP Audyogik Vikas / Laghu Udyog • Nuclear Power Corp.
• ONGC • BHEL • Mumbai Waste Water Management • NTPC. • National Institute of Oceanography
• Reliance Refinery • Mangalore Refinery • Pharmacity Vizag • Fire Fighting Water Systems
BAYER • AVEntis • nicholas piramal • Nuclear Power Corporation Kalpakkam (Bhawini)
• Gujarat Hira Bourse (SEZ) • DWSS, Punjab. • Vallarpadam Newport Cochin • JN Port Trust New Mumbai.
• Sugar Factories : Survaraya Sugars. Balaghat SSK. Vasandada SSK.
• Auto Cluster Vijaywada • Foundry Cluster Howrah. Dust Supression
• Apparel Parks at Tirupur. Tronica City and Panipat.
• Western Coal Field, Nagpur • Southeastern Coal Field, Chhatisgarh
Sewer Rehabitilation - Pipe Bursting / HDD • Signeri Colleries Co. Ltd., Andhra Pradesh • Mahanadi Coal Fields,
Orissa • Bihar Coal Co. Ltd. • SAIL • NTPC • Tata Steel • Reliance
• Mumbai Muncipal Corp.. • Delhi Jal Board. • UP Jal Nigam-
Energy • Gujarat Ambuja Cement • Marmabua Port Trust • Hindalco
Rampur • Rajasthan Ind Infra Corp- Alwar
Industries (Aditya Birla Group) • Ramagundam Super Thermal power
• Gypsum Structurals • Vichitra • KRITA Bangalore • Patel Infra station • ACC Cement
92
Applications - Photographs
Jointing of 1600 mm HDPE Pipe Sea Water Intake and Outfall Pipe, Befesa, Chennai.
Structural strength of HDPE pipe - Poclain / Excavator moving on 1600 mm dia. pipe with only 300 mm cover.
93
1200 mm dia. PE pipe PN6 for pumping sewer, Kolkata Environment Improvement Project.
Rehabilitation of Corroded MS Pipe with 900mm dia. HDPE pipeline for Greater B-Sure DWC Pipe used as a Conduit at JISL Factory Premises.
Mumbai Municipal Corporation.
94
Gujarat Ind. Development Corporation, Sarigam - Effluent Disposal System 800-710 mm dia. PE Pipe as a replacement to DI and RCC pipes.
Himurja Hydro Power Project, Himachal Pradesh - Water Conductor 710 mm HDPE Pipe on steep slope in hilly areas at sub zero
temperatures.
95
Installation and Jointing of 630 mm dia. to 110 mm dia. PE Pipe for Vertical Installation of PE Pipe into OHT for Ramky Infrastructure
Pharmacity, Vizagpatanam.
Kerala Water Authority Kozikode - Under Water Installation of dia. 500 mm to 315 mm for Potable Water Main in HDPE
96
Overhead Chilled Waterlines
Chilling Plant - HDPE pipe size 315 mm to 32 mm
97
Potable Water Distribution Network 400 mm to 20 mm HDPE pipe Raw Water Main 280 mm dia. PE Pipe as a replacement of GRP
size for 24X7 Water Supply for KUWASIP, Belgaum, Karnataka. Pipe for Cairn Energy at Barmer, Rajasthan.
560 mm dia. Slotted HDPE Pipe for infiltration gallery for Lanco Power Plant at Korba, Chattisgarh.
98
Dust Suppression
Dust Suppression
99
Chemical Resistance
Jain PE pipes have excellent resistance to a wide range of chemicals. They are ideally suited for conveying highly corrosive fluids
and chemicals. Generally dilute chemical solutions at lower temperatures and stress have very little potential to affect Jain PE
pipes. However, at higher temperature with applied stress, the effect of resistance to the chemical will be reduced. Combinations
of one or more chemicals also may affect the pipes and under these conditions pre-testing of the pipe for the actual working
condition or consulting Jain Irrigation Systems Limited directly is recommended.
Chemical Resistance Chart

Medium 23°C 60°C Medium 23°C 60°C Medium 23°C 60°C
Acetaldehyde, gaseous E G Butanetriol E E Desiccator grease E G
Acetic acid (10%) E E Butanol E E Detergents, synthetic E E
Acetic acid (100%) (Glacial acetic acid) E GC Butoxyl *E G Dextrin, aqueous (18% saturated) E E
Acetic anhydride E GC Butyl acetate E E Dibutyl ether EtoN N
Acetone E E Butyl glycol E G Dibutyl phthaiate E G
Acetylene tetrabromide **GtoN N Butyric acid E G Dichloroacetic acid (100%) E GC
Acids, aromatic E E Calcium chloride *E E Dichloroacetic acid (50%) E E
Acrylonitrile E E Calcium hypochlorite *E E Dicliloroacetic acid
methyl ester E E
Adipicacid E E Camphor E G
Allyl alcohol E E Carbon dioxide E E Dichlorbenzene G N
Aluminum chloride, anhydrous E E Carbon disulphide G Diclolorethane G G
Aluminum sulphate *E E Carbon tetrachloride **GtoN N Dicioroethyiene N N
Alums E E Caustic potash E E Diesel oil E G
Ammonia, liquid (100%) E E Caustic soda E E Diethyl ether EtoG G
Ammonium chloride *E E Chlorine, liquid N N Diisobutyl ketone E GtoN
Ammonium flouride, aqueous (up to 20%) E E Chlorine bleaching solution (12% active G Dimethyl formamide (100%) E E to G
chlorine) N
Ammonium nitrate *E E Dioxane E E
Ammonium sulphate *E E Chlorine gas, dry G N Emulsifiers E E
Ammonium sulfide *E E Chlorine gas, moist G N Esters, aliphatic E EtoG
Amyl acetate E E Clorine water (disinfection of mains) E Ether EtoG G
Aniline, pure E E Chloroacetic acid (mono) E E Ethyl acetate G N
Anisole G E Chlorobenzene G N Ethyl alcohol E E
Antimony trichloride E N Chloroethanol E EC Ethyl glycol E E
Aqua regia N N Chloroform **GtoN N Ethyl hexanol EE
Barium chloride *E E Chlorosulphonic acid N N Ethylene chloride (dichlorothene) G G
Barium hydroxide *E E Chromic acid (80%) E C Ethylene diamine E E
Beeswax *E **GtoN Citric acid E E Fatty acids (>C6) E G
Benzene G G Coconut oil E G Feric chloride* E E
Benezenesulphonic acid E E Copper salts *E E Fluorine N N
Benzoic acid *E E Com oil E G Fluorocarbons G N
Benzyl alcohol E E to G Creosote E E Fluorosilic acid, aqueous (up to 32%) E E
Borax, all concentrations E E Creosol E EC Formaldehyde (40%) E E
Boric acid *E E Cyclohexane E E Formamide E E
Brine, saturated E E Cyclohexanol E E Formic acid E
Bromine N N Cyclohexanone E E Fruit juices E E
Bromine vapor N - Decahydronaphthalene E G Fruit pulp E E
100
Chemical Resistance

Furfuryl alcohol E EC Mineral oils E EtoG Potassium bromate, aqueous (up to 10%) E E
Gelatine E E Molasses E E Potassium bromide *E E
Glucose *E E Monochloroacetic acid E E Potassium Chloride (100%) *E E
Glycerol E E Monochloroacetic ethyl ester E E Potassium chromate, E
Glycerol chlorohydrin E E Monochloroacetic methyl ester E E aqueous (40%)
Glycol (conc.) E E Morpholine E E Potassium cyanide *E E
Glycolic acid (50%) E E Spermaceti E Potassium hydroxide E E
Glycolic acid (70%) E E Naptha E G Potassium nitrate *E E
Halothane G G Naphthalene E G Potassium permanganate E EC
Hydrazine hydrate E E Nickel salts *E E Propanol E E
Hydrobromic acid (50%) E E Nitric acid (25%) E E Propionic acid (50%) E E
Hydrochloric acid (all concentrations) E E Nitric acid (50%) G N Propionic acid (100%) E G
Hydrocyanic acid E E Nitrobenzene E G Propylene glycol E E
Hydrofluoric acid (40%) E G o-Nitrotoluene E G Pseudocumene G G
Hydrofluoric acid (70%) E G Octyl cresol G N Pyridine E G
Hydrogen E E Oils, ethereal G G Seawater E
Hydrogen chloride gas, moist and dry E E Oils, vegetable & animal E EtoG Silicic acid E E
Hydrogen peroxide (30 %) E E Oleic acid (conc.) E G Silicone oil E E
Hydrogen peroxide (100%) E Oxalic acid (50%) E E Silver nitrate E E
Potassium chloride *E E Ozone G N Sodium benzoate E E
(100%) E Ozone, aqueous solution Sodium bisulphite, weak aque-ous E E
(Drinking water purification) E
Hydrogen sulfide E E Sodium carbonate *E E
Iodine, tincture of, DAB 7 E GC Paraffin oil E E Sodium chloride *E E
(German Pharmacopoeia) Isooctane E G Perchloric acid (20%) E E Sodium chlorite (50%) E G
Isopropanol E E Perchloric acid (50%) E G Sodium hydroxide (30% solution) E E
Isopropyl ether EtoG N Perchloric acid (70%) E NC Sodium hypochlorite (12%) (active chlorine) G N
Jam E E Petrol E EtoG Sodium nitrate *E E
Keotones E EtoG Petroleum E G Sodium silicate *E E
Lactic acid E E Petroleum ether E G Sodium sulfide *E E
Lead acetate *E E Petroleum jelly **EtoG G Sodium thiosulphate E E
Linseed oil E E Phenol E EC Spermaceti E G
Magnesium chloride *E E Phosphates *E E Spindle oil EtoG G
Magnesium sulphate *E E Phosphoric acid (25%) E Starch E E
Maleic acid E E Phosphoric acid (50%) E E Steric acid E G
Malic acid E E Phosphoric acid (95%) E Succincacid(50%) E E
Menthol E G Phosphorus oxychloride E GC Sugar syrup E E
Mercuric chloride (sublimate) E E Phosphorus pentoxide E E Sulfates *E E
Mercury E E Phosphorus trichloride E G Sulfur E E
Methanol E E Photographic developers, commecial E E Sulfur dioxide, dry E E
Methyl butanol E E Phthalic acid (50%) E E Sulfur dioxide, moist E E
Methyl ethyl ketone E GtoN Polyglycols E E Sulfur trioxide N N
Methyl glycol E E Potassium bichromate (40%) E E Sulfuric acid (10%) E E
Methylene chloride G G Potassium borate, aqueous (1%) E E Sulfuric acid (50%) E E
101
Chemical Resistance

Sulfuric acid (98%) G N Toluene G N Waste gases containing carbon dioxide E E
Sulfuric acid, fuming N N Transformer oil E G carbon monoxide E E
Sulfurous acid E E Tributyl phosphate E E hydrocloric acid (all conc.)
Sulfuryl chloride N Trich loroacetic acid (50%) E E hydrogen fluoride (traces) E E
Tallow E E Trich loroacetic acid (100%) E GtoN nitrous vitriol (traces) E E
Tannicacid (10%) E E Trich loroethylene **EtoG N sulfur dioxide (low conc.) E E
Tartaric acid E E Triethanolamine E E sulphuric acid, moist (all conc.) E E
Tetrachloroethane **EtoG N Turpentine, oil of Tween 20 and 90 EtoG G Water gas E E
Tetrahydrofurane **EtoG (Atlas Chemicals) E E Xylene, Yeast, aqueous N N
Tetetrahydronapthalene E G Urea *E E Preparations E E
Thionyl chloride N N Vinegar (commecial conc.) E E Zinc Chloride *E E
Thiophene G G Viscose spinning solutions E E
Key Meaning
E Resistant (swelling < 3% of weight loss <0.5%; elongation at break not substantially changed)
G Limited resistance (swelling 3 - 8% orweight loss 0.5 - 5%; elongation at break reduced by <50%)
N Not resistant (swelling > 8% orweight loss > 5%; elongation at break reduced by >50%)
C Discoloration
* Aqueous solutions in all concentrations
“ Only under low mechanical stress
f Where a key is not printed in the table, data is not available.
450 mm dia. HDPE pipe used for Lift Irrigation Purpose
102
Material Safety Data Sheet
MSDS Number : 0916601 Revision : 01 Date : 15.06.2009

1. Product Identification and Company
Product Name Jain PE Pipes
Manufacturer Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.
Jain Plastic Park , N.H.6, Bambhori
Jalgaon 425 001 (India)
Application • Water Transmission, Distribution & House Service Connection •
Sewerage, Drainage & Effluent Disposal • Natural Gas Distribution • OFC
Ducting; Power Cable Ducting • Raw Water Intake / Outfall Lines •
Dredging • Slurry & Sludge Transport • Fire Hydrant Systems • Landfill
Lechate Gas Extraction.
Chemical Family / Classification Polyolefin
CAS No. Not applicable - Mixture
Formula Proprietary
Emergency Telephone number + 91 257 2258011 / 22
2. Composition / Information on Ingredients
Product is made from polyethylene polymer and other required additives. Does not contain any substances which are
classified as Hazardous under normal processing conditions.
3. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Form Solid
Colour Black / other colours as specified
Odor Odourless
Boiling Point Not Applicable
Melting Point 115 – 140°C
Freezing Point Not Applicable
Solubility in Water None
Specific Gravity > 0.9 ( Water = 1)
Vapor Density Not applicable (Air > 1)
Evaporation Rate None (Butyl Acetate = 1)
Vapor Pressure Not applicable
% Volatile None
pH Not Applicable
The physical data presented above are typical values and should not be construed as a specification
103

4. Fire Hazard Data and Fighting methods
Flash Ignition Temperature About 335° C
Auto Ignition Temperature About 350° C
Extinguishing Media Dry chemical, foam water, water spray (fog) or carbon dioxide. Do not use
water jet.
Special Fire Fighting Procedure In the event of fire, wear NIOSH approved, positive pressure self-contained
breathing apparatus (SCBA), Full protective clothing. Evacuate all personnel
from danger area. If protective equipment is not available fight fire from a
protected location or safe distance.
Hazardous Combustion Products Main gases evolved, but not limited to, during combustion are carbon dioxide
and carbon monoxide.
In case of Fire Extinguishing media : Water, Foam, Carbon Dioxide, Chemical Powder
Special Procedure : Avoid water jet initially to restrict flying of flame
Unusual hazard : None
5. Human Health Data
Emergency Overview During a Fire Emergency
Primary Route(s) of Exposure x Inhalation o Ingestion x Eye x Skin Contact
Potential Health Effects and Symptoms of Over-Exposure
During a fire emergency, when this product is burned, it may generate smoke.
Eye Contact Smoke from a fire emergency may cause eye irritation. Flush eyes with water
thoroughly for several minutes. If effects occur consult a physician.
Skin Contact After contact with molten polymer cool rapidly with cold water. Do not
attempt to pull / remove solidified product away from the skin. Seek medical
advice immediately.
Inhalation Smoke from a fire emergency may cause respiratory irritation. Move person to
fresh air. If effects occur seek medical advice.
Ingestion Unlikely.
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Over-Exposure
At room temperature the material is not irritant and does not liberate dangerous fumes.
Available toxicological information and the physical/chemical properties of the material suggest that there is no evidence that this
product aggravates an existing medical condition.
6. First Aid Measures
104

Eye Contact Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes.
Do not rub the eyes. If irritation develops, consult a physician.
Skin Contact Under normal conditions will not pose any problem.
If burned by molten plastics, get medical attention immediately
Inhalation If smoke from burning plastics is inhaled, move to fresh air immediately.
If symptoms develop, seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion Unlikely. If swallowed seek medical attention. Seek medical attention
immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical
personnel.
Notes to Physician Treat symptomatically and supportively
7. Handling and Storage
Read and observe all precautions on product label / technical bulletin or catalogue or product literature. Store in accordance
with good manufacturing practices. During usage observe for any air leaks, bumps, thumps, rattles, squeals or unusual sounds,
smell like burning insulation, hot oil or problem with wiring and cables, hydraulic connections and if found any thing unusual
take appropriate corrective action.
8. Stability and Reactivity
Conditions to avoid Exposure to elevated temperature can cause the product to decompose.
Stability Stable
Hazardous Decomposition Will not occur in normal circumstances / condition.
9. Toxicological Information
Chronic Toxicity
Carcinogenic Effects Not identified as carcinogen by ACGIH, the International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC) or the European Commission (EC).
Mutagenic Effects Not classified as mutagen by established regulatory criteria.
Reproductive Effects Not classified as reproductive toxin by established regulatory criteria.
Developmental and Teratogenic Effects Not classified as teratogenic or embryotoxic by established regulatory
criteria.
10. Ecological Information
Product not considered as dangerous for the environment.
11. Disposal consideration
Product can be recycled after the intended use. Disposal shall be in accordance with applicable local and national
regulation.
12. Other Information
The Product is not dangerous according to the Domestic and International Regulations, Currently in Force, Concerning Road,
Rail, Maritime and Air Transportation.
This information is furnished without warranty, expressed or implied except that it is accurate to the best knowledge of Jain Irrigation
Systems Ltd., neither Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., nor any of its subsidiaries assume any liability whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness
of the information contained herein. Final determination of suitability of any material is the sole responsibility of the user. All materials may
present unknown hazards and should be used with caution. Although certain hazards are described herein, we cannot guarantee that these
are the only hazards that exist. Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., assumes no legal responsibility for loss, damage or expense arising out of, or in
any way connected with the handling, storage, use or disposal of this product.
105
Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications
Jain PE Pipes are Manufactured conforming to the Product Performance Certifications

following standards
Standards Usage 1 Quick-Connect® PE Pipes (a) CIPET, India; (b) SGS, India
IS 4984 For Potable Water Supply
2 Compression Fittings (a) WRc, U.K.; (b) CIPET, India
IS 14333 For Sewage & Effluent
IS 14151 For Sprinkler Irrigation 3 PE Pipes (a) WRc, U.K.; (b) CIPET, India;
(c) SGS, India; (d) Intox, India
IS 14885 Pipes for Gaseous Fuel
4 PE Pipes for Potable Water (a) WRc, U.K.
IS 7634 For Installation
Supply
ISO 4427 For Potable Water Supply
ISO 4437 Pipes for Gaseous Fuel 5 PE Pipes for Supply of BIS Certification on completion of
Gaseous Fuels 10000 hrs Hydrostatic type test
DIN 8074 –
ASTM – 6 PE Pipes for Supply of Natural Gas Companies of India
Gas
TEC GR/CDS-08/02 Duct Pipes for Optical Fibre
November 2004 Cable 7 Permanently Lubricated Duct Alcatel Lucent, Siemens
IS 14930( Part 2)-2001,
BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
Also conforms to TEC Spec WRAS : Water Regulation Advisory Scheme, U.K.
DWC Pipe
GR/DWC-34/01 SEP 2007. SGS : SGS India Pvt. Ltd., India.
EN 1:2002(E) Intox : Institute for Toxicological Studies, India.
CIPET : Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology,Chennai India.
On demand customer specified requirements
ISO 9001:2000 For Design, ISO 14001:2004 For Design, BS OHSAS 18001:2007 For
Manufacture & Supply. Manufacture & Supply. Manufacture of all Product Line
106
Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications
Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. are the owners of Registered Trade Mark
Jain PVC Ball Valves® • Jain PVC Foot Valves® • Jain Super Flow® • Quick - Connect® • J-QRC® • Sure-Loc® • Sure Loc Plus® • Silicoat® • Jain Spiro-Flo® • Jain PE Pipe® •
Jain PVC Gate Valve®• Sure Loc Plus® •
Theme Lines
• More Crop Per Drop® • Small Ideas. Big Revolutions.® • Key to Prosperity® • Water is Life®.
Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. are the owners of Trade Mark
• Spray-Tube™ • Better B-Sure Never be Sorry • B-Sure™ • J-QRC Pipes™ • Spray-Tubes™ •
Brands
Jain
Greenhouse
Design of following products has been registered as of the numbers mentioned in pursuance of
and subject to the provision of the Design Act - 1911, and the Design Rules - 1933, India.
Sure-Loc® : Pipe Joint Design Registration No. 183473
Jain Spiro-Flo®: Pipe - Product Design Registration No. 183474
Jain ARV-C® : Air Release Valve Product Design Registration No. 183475
Sure Loc Plus™: Pipe Joint - Product Design Registration No. 202301
Quick Connect® - Fitting - Product Design Registration No. 205544
Jain Tough Hose - Twin Line® - Product Design Registration No. 206594
Pipe Connect Joint (High Pressure quick connect joint) - Product Design Registration No. 219183
Copy Right
• Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. has the statutory right to use the artistic work of two yellow or golden or red parallel stripes on a black tube for irrigation, under the Copyright Act 1957, India
Patent
Patent pending for Sure Loc Plus™ Pipe joint.
Patent pending for Snap Fit Joint
Sole Distributorship
M/s. Komet Irrco-Italy, for their complete range of Sprinklers and Rain Guns.
The information given about Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd.’s (JISL) products is without any obligation. The technical data concerning JISL’s products are typical values subject to alteration. JISL reserves the right to
re-design or modify their products without incurring further liability.
The actual use of the products by the purchaser / customer is beyond the control of JISL and JISL can not be held responsible for any loss
and/or any consequential liability arising out of incorrect or faulty or mis-use of the products.
Greenhouse Product Catalogue - Revision 01 - 2008-09
Disclaimer
The information available through this document was prepared by the Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., (JISL) as general information
for customers of Polyethylene pipes.
The information is prepared in good faith and believed to be accurate as per our knowledge, it may not always be up to date or
directly applicable to all your specific circumstances. The JISL extends no warranties and makes no representations as to the
accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein and disclaim all liability for any loss or damage arising from
reliance on this information by any person.
The properties of pipes, mentioned in this document will only be achieved under specific processing conditions. Nothing in this
document shall constitute any warranty (express or implied, of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and compliance
with performance indicators or otherwise). It is the responsibility of those to whom we supply the products or who use this
information to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed and its correctness.
Consult the pipe or fitting expert for information specific to your individual circumstances or to discuss the implications of any
issue raised through the information provided here.
107
Conversion Factors & Formulas
ConversionFactors
Quantity Imperial Unit Metric Unit Imperial to Metric Unit Metric to Imperial Unit
Inch (in) Mili-meter (mm) or 1 in = 25.4 mm 1 cm = 0.394 in
Foot (ft) Centimeter (cm) 1 ft = 30.46 cm 1 cm = 0.0328 ft.
Yard (yd) meter (m) 1 yd = 0.9144 m 1 m = 1.09 yd
Length Furlong (fur) Meter or Kilometer (km) 1 fur = 201.17 m 1 km = 4.97 fur
Mile Kilometer (km) 1 mile = 1.61 km 1 km = 0.621 mile
International nautical mile
1 mile = 1852 m. 1 m = 3.28 ft.
(for Navigation)
Ounce (oz) Gram (g) 1 oz = 28.34 g. 1 g = 0.0353 oz
Pound (lb) Gram or Kilogram (kg) 1 lb = 454 g. 1 kg = 2.20 lb
Mass
Stone Kilogram (kg) 1 stone = 6.35 kg. 1 kg = 0.157 stone
Ton (U.K.) Tonne (t) 1 ton = 1.02 tonne 1 tonne = 0.984 ton
Square inch (in²) Square Centimeter (cm²) 1 in² = 6.45 cm² 1 cm² = 0.155 in²
Square foot (ft²) Square Centimeter (cm²) or 1 ft² = 929.03 cm² 1 ha = 0.0010 cm²
Square foot (ft) Square Meter (m²) 1 ft² = 0.093 m² 1 m² = 10.76 ft²
Square yard (yd²) Square Meter (m²) 1 yd² = 0.836 m² 1 m² = 1.196 yd²
Area
Hectare (Ha) Square Meter (m²) 1 Ha = 10000 m² 1 m² = 0.0001 Ha
Acre(ac) Square Meter (m²) 1 ac = 4046.83 m² 1 m² = 0.000247 ac
Acre (ac) Hectare (ha) 1 Lac = 0.405 ha 1 ha = 2.471 ac
Square mile Square Kilometer (km²) 1 sq. mile = 2.59 km² 1 km² = 0.386 sq. mile
Cubic inch (in³) Cubic Centimeter cm³ 1 in³ = 16.4 cm³ 1 cm³ = 0.0610 in³
Volume Cubic foot (ft³) Cubic Meter m³ 1 ft³ = 0.0283 m³ 1 m³ = 35.315 ft³
Cubic yard (yd³) Cubic Meter m³ 1 yd³ = 0.765 m³ 1 m³ = 1.31 yd³
Fluid ounce (fl oz) Mililiter (ml) 1 fl oz = 28.4ml 1 ml = 0.0352 fl oz
Volume
Pint (pt) (U.K.) Mililiter (ml) or liter (l) 1 pt = 568.26 ml 1 ml = 0.00176 pt.
(fluid)
Gallon (gal) (U.K.) Liter (1) or cubic liter m³) 1 gal = 4.546 liter 1 liter = 0.220 gal
Pound - force (Ibf) Newton (N) 1 Ibf = 4.45 N 1 N = 0.225 lbf
Force
Ton-force (tonf) Kilonewton (kN) 1 tonf = 9.96 kN 1 kN = 0.100 tonf
1 psi = 6.89 kPa 1 kPa = 0.145 psi
Pound per square inch (psi) 1 kPa = 0.0099 atm
Kilopascal (kPa) 1 atm = 101.325 kPa
Atmosphere (atm) 1 kPa = 0.010197 kg/cm²
Kilopascal (kPa) or 1 kg/cm² = 98.0665 kPa
Megapascal (MPa) 1 ton/in² = 13.79 MPa 1 MPa = 9.87 atm
Pressure Ton per square inch (ton/in²) 1 MPa = 0.0647 ton/in²
Megapascal (MPa) 1 in Hg = 33.9 mb
Inch per mercury (in Hg) 1 mb = 0.0295 in Hg
Mihbar (mb) .
(for meteorology) 1 bar = 1.01 kg/cm² 1 kg/cm² = 0.98 bar
Mile per hour (mph)

1 mph = 1.61 km/h
Velocity Knot (kn) Kilometer per hour (km/h) 1 km/h = 0.621 mph
= 1 kn = 1.58 km/h
(for navigation)
Pound per cubic inch (lb/in²) Gram per cubic cm. (g/cm²) 1 lb/in³ = 27.67 g/cm³ 1 g/cm³ = 0.036 lb/in³
Density tonne per cubic meter (t/m³) 1ib/in³ = 27.7 t/m³ 1 t/m = 0.0361 lb/in³
Ton per cubic yard tonne per cubic meter (t/m³) 1 ton/yd³ = 1.308 t/m³ 1 t/m = 0.765 ton/yd³
British thermal unit.(Btu) Kilojoule (KJ) 1 Btu = 1.055 KJ 1 KJ = 0.948 Btu
Energy Therm Megajoule (MJ) 1 therm = 105.51 MJ 1 MJ = 0.00947 therm
(for electrical energy) Kilowatt hour (kWh) 1 kWh = 3.60MJ 1 MJ = 0.277 kWh
Power Horsepower (hp) Kilowatt (kW) 1 hp = 0.746 kW 1 kW = 1.34 hp
Second (s) 1 min = 60 s
Time Minute (min)
Hour (hr) 1 h = 3600 s
108
Conversion Table For Discharge

Cft/Sec
Discharge Mgd * Gal/Sec * Gal/Min * Gal/Hour * Gal/Day Lit/Sec Lit./ Min Lit/Hour Lit Day KLD MLD m³/Sec
{Cusecs)
1 MGD 1.0 1.8581 11.574 694.44 41666.67 1000000.0 52.6168 3157.01 189420.5 4546092.0 4546.09 4.54609 0.0526168
1 CFT/Sec (Cusecs) 0.5381 1.0 6.23 373.73 22423.80 538171.10 28.31 1699.01 101940.60 2446576 2446.576 2.446 0.02831
* 1 Gal./Sec 0.0864 0.16051 1.0 60.0 3600.0 86400.0 4.54609 272.77 16365.93 392783.30 392.782 0.392782 0.00454609
* 1 Gal./Hour 0.000024 0.0000446 0.0002778 0.016667 1.0 24.0 0.0012628 0.07577 4.5461 109.106 0.10911 0.0001091 0.000001263
* 1 Gal./Day 0.000001 0.00000186 0.00001157 0.000694 0.04164 1.0 0.0000526 0.003157 0.1894 4.546 0.00455 0.0000046 0.000000052
1 Lit/Sec 0.019005 0.03532 0.219969 13.19815 791.89 19005.33 1.0 60.0 3600.0 86400.0 86.4 0.0864 0.001
1 Lit./Min 0.00031675 0.0005886 0.003666 0.219969 13.19815 316.76 0.016667 1.0 60.0 1440.0 1.44 0.00144 0.000016667
1 Lit/Hour 0.00000528 0.00000981 0.0000611 0.003667 0.21996 5.28 0.0002778 0.01667 1.0 24.0 0.024 0.000024 0.0000002778
1 Lit./Day 0.00000022 0.00000041 0.00000255 0.000153 0.00917 0.22 0.0000116 0.000694 0.0417 1.0 0.001 0.000001 0.0000000116
1KLD 0.0002199 0.00040888 0.0025459 0.152756 9.1653 219.97 0.011574 0.69444 41.6667 1000 1.0 0.001 0.000011574
1MLD 0.219969 0.040888 2.5459 152.756 9165.3 219973.6 11.574 694.44 41666.67 1000000.0 1000.0 1.0 0.011574
1 M³/Sec 19.005 35.314 219.97 13198.15 791888.90 19005330 1000.0 60000.0 3600000.0 86400000.0 86400.0 86.4 1.0
Note : * Gallon (UK)
System of Measurement
METRIC
LENGTH ENERGY (WORK & HEAT)
1000 micrometres = 1 millimetre 1000 millijoules = 1 joule
10 millimetres = 1 centimetre 1000 joules = 1 kilo joule
1000 millimetres = 1 metre 1000 kilojoules = 1 mega joule
100 centimetres = 1 metre 3.6 megajoules = 1 kilowatt hour
1000 metres = 1 kilometre 1000 mega joules = 1 gigajoule
1852 metres = 1 (I.N) mile VOLUME & CAPACITY
AREA 1000 cu millimetres = 1 cu centimetre
100 sq millimeters = 1 sq centimetre 1 millilitre = 1 centimetre
10,000 sq centimeters = 1 sq metre 10 millilitres = 1 centilitre
2.471 acre = 1 hectare 1000 millilitres = 1 litre
10,000 sq metres = 1 hectare 100 centilitres = 1 litre
4047 hectares = 1 acre 1000 litres = 1 cu. metre
100 hectares = 1 sq kilo metre 35.315 cu. feet = 1 cu. metre
MASS 61024 cu. inch = 1 cu. Metre
200 milligrams = 1 metric carat 4.546 liter = 1 gallon
1000 milligrams = 1 gram
5 metric carats = 1 gram
453.59 grams = 1 pound
1000 grams = 1 kilogram
1000 kilograms = 1 tonne
109
System of Measurement continued..
PRESSURE AND STRESS POWER

100 pascals = 1 millibar 1000 milliwatts = 1 watt
1000 pascals = 1 kilo pascal 746 watts = 1 hp
100000 pascals = 1 bar 0.746 Kwh = 1 hp
1.02 kg / cm² = 1 bar 1.34 hp = 1 Kwh
14.22 PSI = 1 kg/cm² 1000 watts = 1 kilowatt
10 m of water = 1 kg/cm² 1000 kilowatts = 1 megawatt
1000 kilo pascals = 1 mega pascal 1000 megawatts = 1 gigawatt
FORCE
4.45 newton = 1 pound force (lbf)
9.81 newtons = 1 kilogram force (kgf)
100000 dyne = 1 newton
IMPERIAL
LENGTH LENGTH (NAUTICAL)
12 inches = 1 foot 6 feet = 1 fathom
3 feet = 1 yard 100 fathoms (approx) = 1 cable length
5.5 yards = 1 rod 10 cable lengths = 1 nautical mile
220 yards = 1 furlong AREA
40 rods = 1 furlong 144 sq ins = 1 sq foot
5280 feet = 1 mile 9 sq feet = 1 sq yard
1760 yards = 1 mile 30.25 sq yds = 1 sq rod
8 furlongs = 1 mile 1210 sq yds = 1 rood
3 miles = 1 league 4840 sq yds = 1 acre
100 links = 1 chain 640 acres = 1 sq mile
22 yards = 1 chain VOLUME
4 rods = 1 chain 1728 cu ins = 1 cu foot
46656 cu ins = 1 cu yard
27 cu feet = 1 cu yard
Surface or Area
1 Sq. Meter (m²) = 10,000 sq. cm. = 1.1960 yds.
1 Hectare = 10,000 sq. mtr. = 2.4711 acres
1 Sq. Km = 100 Hectares = 0.386 sq. miles
1 Sq. Yard = 9 sq. ft. = 0.8361 m
1 Sq. Meter = 10.7639 sq. ft.
110
Metric Standard Abbreviations
A ampere GHz gigahertz m/s metre per second µW microhm

C coulomb GJ gigajoule m² square metre µPa micropascal
ºC Celcius GW gigohm m²/s square metre per second µs microsecond
cg centigram GPa gigapascal
m³ cubic metre µS microsiemens
cL centilitre GW gigawatt
mA milliampere µT microtesla
cm centimetre h hour
mb millibar µV microvolt
cm² sq. centimetre H henry
mC millicoulomb µW microwatt
cm³ cubic centimetre ha hectare
MC megacoulomb N Newton
CM metric carat hL hectolitre
mg milligram nA nanoampere
cP centipoise hpz hectopieze
Mg megagram nC nanocoulomb
cSt centistokes Hz hertz
mH millihenry ng nanogram
dB decibel J Joule
MHz megahertz uH nanohenry
dL decilitre kA kiloampere
mj millijoule nm nanometre
dm decimetre kC kilocoulomb
MJ megajoule ns nanosecond
dm² square decimetre kg kilogram
mL millilitre nT nanotesla
dm³ cubic decimetre kHz kilohertz
Mm megametre WΩ watt, ohm
Ehz exahertz kj kilojoule
mm millimetre PA picoampere
F farad kL kilolitre
mm² square millimetre Pa pascal
g gram km kilometre
km² square kilometre mT millitesla mm²/s square millimetre / second Pa.s pascal sec
km³ cubic kilometre mV millivolt mm³ cubic millimetre pC picocoulomb
km/h kilometre/hour MV megavolt ML megalitre pF picofarad
mW milliwatt mN milinewton pH picohenry
km/s kilometre per second
MW megawatt MN meganewton pHz petahertz
kN kilonewton min minute mΩ milliohm pm picometre
KΩ kilohm µA microampere MΩ megohm s second
KPa kilopascal µbar microbar mPa millipascal S Siemens
Ks kilosecond µC microcoulomb MPa megapascal t tonne
KS kilosiemens µF microfarad ms millisecond Thz terahertz
KV kilovolt µg microgram m/s metre per second TJ terajoule
KW kilowatt µH microhenry mS millisiemens TW terawatt
KWh kilowatt hour µL microlitre V volt
L litre. µm micrometre
m metre µN micronewton
111
Factors for Conversion to SI Units of Measurement *

To convert from To Multiply by
acre foot cubic meter, m³ 1233.489
acre square meter, m² 4046.873
chain meter, m 20.11684
foot, ft meter, m .3048000
cubic foot per minute, ft³/min cubic meter per second, m³/s 0.000471
cubic foot per second, ft³/s cubic meter per second, m³/s 0.002831
foot to the fourth power, ft4 (area moment of inertia) meter to the fourth power, m4 0.000863
foot per minute, ft/min meter per second, m/s 0.005080
foot per second, ft/s meter per second, m/s 0.030480
foot per square second, ft/s² meter per square second, m/s² 0.030480
gallon, gal (Canadian liquid) cubic meter, m³ 0.000454
gallon, gal (U.K. liquid) cubic meter, m³ 0.000454
gallon, gal (U.S. dry) cubic meter, m³ 0.000440
gallon, gal (U.S. liquid) cubic meter, m³ 0.000378
gallon, gal (U.S. liquid) per day cubic meter per second, m³/s 4.381264 x 10-8
gallon, gal (U.S. liquid) per minute cubic meter per second, m³/s 6.309020 x 10-5
hectare, ha square meter, m² 10000
inch, in meter, m 0.002540
kilogram force, kgf newton, N 9.81
kilogram force per square centimeter, kgf/cm² pascal, Pa 98066 x 104
kilogram force per square meter, kgf/m² pascal, Pa 9.81
liter cubic meter, m³ 0.0001
maxwell weber, Wb 1.000000 x 10-8
square mile, mi² (international) square meter, m² 2589988
ton (metric) kilogram, kg 1000.0
ton (refrigeration) watt, W 3516.80
tonne, t kilogram, kg 1000.0
watt hour, Wh joule, J 3600.0
yard, yd meter, m 0.914400
square yard, yd² square meter, m² 0.836127
cubic yard, yd³ cubic meter, m³ 0.764554
112
Temperature Conversion
Fahrenheit to Centigrade / Celsius
32 41
40 50
50 60 70 75 85 95 105 140 175 212 ºF
32 59 68 77 86 95 104 140 176 212 ⁰F
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 60 80 100 ºC
°C = °F °F = °C
-10 = 14 -9.4 = -23
0 = 32 -0.4 = -18
10 = 50 10.4 = -12
20 = 68 19.4 = -7
30 = 86 30.2 = -1
40 = 104 40.0 = 4.4
50 = 122 50.0 = 10
60 = 140 60.8 = 16
70 = 158 69.8 = 21
80 = 176 80.6 = 27
90 = 194 89.6 = 32
100 = 212 100.4 = 38
150 = 302 150.8 = 66
200 = 392 199.4 = 93
Length Area Weight

Mile Km Acre Hectare Lb kg
1 1.6093 1 acre 0.4046 1 lb 0.4536
5 8.0467 5 acre 2.0234 5 lb 2.2680
10 16.0934 10 acre 4.0468 10 4.5360
15 24.1401 15 acre 6.0702 15 6.8040
20 32.1868 20 acre 8.0937 20 9.0720
25 40.2336 25 acre 10.1171 25 11.3400
30 48.2803 30 acre 12.1405 30 13.6080
35 56.3270 35 acre 14.1639 35 15.8760
40 64.3737 40 acre 16.1874 40 18.1440
45 72.4204 45 acre 18.2108 45 20.4120
50 80.4672 50 acre 20.2342 50 22.6800
113
Communication
Small Ideas. Big Revolutions.®
Head Office
Jain Plastic Park, P.O.Box: 72, Jalgaon - 425 001. India.
Tel: +91-257-2258011; Fax: +91-257-2258111; E-mail: jisl@jains.com;
www.jains.com
Head Office Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh

09422776790, 09425322482,
09823310185, 09425067485
09422776815
Maharashtra
Andhra Pradesh 09422726264,
09440797855
New Delhi, NCR & Haryana
Assam 09971758999,
09435199998,
Rajasthan
Bihar 09414055432,
09431800776
Raipur
Gujarat 09425320969,
09426725764.
Orissa
Jharkhand 09439203473
09431106066
Tamil Nadu
Karnataka 09444049794,
09448280757,
09448286500 Uttrakhand
09412055360
Kerala
09388957500 Uttar Pradesh
09453007282
Himachal Pradesh, Punjab & J&K
09418169333 West Bengal & NE State
09433045449,
Greater Mumbai & Goa
09821154080,
9870099455
114

Jain PE Piping System, p17 - Old Pipes

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Contents

04 Jain PE Pipes - Design Details & Technical Characteristics 07

05 Jain PE Pipes – Advantages 18

06 Jain PE Pipes – Applications 19

07 Jain PE Pipes for Potable Water Supply 20

09 Jain PE Pipes for House Service Connection 26

10 Jain PE Pipes for Disposal Systems 29

11 B-Sure PE Gas Pipes 34

12 Jain PE Landfill Extraction Pipes 39

13 Jain PE Pipe for Sprinkler & Farm Irrigation System 41

14 Jain Silicoat PE OFC Ducts 42

15 B-Sure Corrugated HDPE Pipes and Fittings 46

17 Turnkey Solutions and Project Execution 53

18 Jain PE – Jointing Methods 54

19 Jain PE – Installation Methods 57

20 Jointing – Do’s and Don’ts 67

21 Frequently Asked Questions 73

22 List of Major Customers 92

24 Chemical Resistance Chart 100

25 Material Safety Data Sheet 103

26 Specification, Standards & Product Performance Certifications 106

27 Conversion Factors & Formulas 108

Goal : Safety and Health

Production of 1600 mm diameter PE pipe PN6

Jointing of PE Pipeline of 280 mm size for Cairn Energy, Barmer

Colour Coding for PE pipes

Why Choose Jain PE Pipe?

Installation of Cross Country PE Pipeline

Property of HDPE Pipes

S.No. Features Characteristics

Asbestos cement pipe

0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

S.No. Features Characteristics

Temperature De-rating of PE Pipes (as per IS: 4984-1995 specifications)

25°C 1.12 1.00

Regression Curves (Stress / Time curves)

Minimum Required Strength (MRS) and Design Stress

Classification of Pipe Material

Surge & Fatigue

Typical Physical Properties

Mechanical Properties Values Unit

PE 100 polymer pipe therefore provides the opportunity to choose either:

Details of Properties & Effect - HDPE Pipes

Pipe Stiffness Factor

Pipe Ring Stiffness

Tabulation of relationship between PS, PSF and PRS

Water Hammer and Pressure Surge Considerations

Recommended Flow Velocities

Other relevant values

Expansion and Contraction

Result of Typical Test

Wear Rates (mm)

Applicable BIS standards

Effluent Disposal System 710-800 mm dia. PE Pipe at GIDC, Sarigam, Gujarat.

Municipalities, Corporations & Utilities • Mine Drainage

• Water Distribution System • Slurry and Sludge Transport

• House Service Connections • De-watering

• Water Treatment Plant • Dust Suppression

• Force Main for Sewer • Sand Stowing

• Gravity Main for Sewer Industry

• Thermal & Nuclear Power Station • Lift Irrigation

• Hydel Power Plants • Drip Irrigation