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PROBLEM SOLVING WITH COLOR CODED SOLUTIONS
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Find the Amplitude of a rising body with a Declination of 21º 07.8' N
at Latitude 47º 18.6' N.
At Latitude 55° 53’N; Long. 130° 18’ W, sun’s Declination is 12° 40’ S.
Find True Azimuth (Zn) at sunset.
AMPLITUDE = W 23° S
In the above example: AMP = W 23° S >> 270° — 23° > > Zn = 247° ( T )
1
An observer at Latitude 45° 00’ South took a gyro bearing of the Sun
on the horizon and found to be 078°(pgc). The declination of the Sun
obtained from the almanac gives 14° 00’ N. Calculate the gyro error.
AMPLITUDE = E 20° N
NOTE: Prefixed ―E‖ >> Bearing is 078° (pgc) which is Easterly direction
and it means that the Body is Rising.
The bearing of a rising sun at Latitude 38° 08' S was 078° 28'. Find
the declination at time of sight.
DECLINATION = 9° 03’ N > > > (N since 078° 28’ is towards North or
it has a Northerly component)
2
You are on a voyage from New York, USA to San Francisco, USA.
The distance from pilot to pilot is 5,132 miles. The speed of advance
is 13.5 knots. You estimate 32 hours for bunkering at Colon and 14
hours for the Panama Canal transit. If you take departure at 0600
hours (ZD +4) on May 16, what is your ETA (ZD +7) at San Francisco?
ZD departure = (+) 4
3
c.) By SIMPLE ILLUSTRATION METHOD:
Pt. A >_________________+_________________+____________________<Pt. B
NYK Colon Panama Canal Transit SFO
(ZD+4) (32h) (14h) (ZD+7)
0600 May 16 >>>>>> S.T. 15d 20h 09m >>>>>> ?? 2109 June 2 ??
17.881 days
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.881 days
NOTE: If ZD is not given, just divide the Longitude by 15. Take the whole
number of hour. A fraction of 0.5 and above will be considered to the next
hour. ( Ex. 4.4 = ZD 4 but 4.5 = ZD 5)
4
At Place A, Long. 175° 10.5’ W, the LMT is 16h 02m 03s Dec 3.
Find the LMT and date at place B, Long. 32°08’ W.
TO FIND ZT of PLACE B:
ZT Place A = 0800
ZT Place B = 0500
5
What is the length of the shadow of a man, 6 feet tall, when standing
in an open field at local apparent noon of a certain day when the
sun’s Declination is about 20º S and his Latitude is 20º S?
LAT = 20° S
DEC = 20° (S) N – >> > (always reverse sign; if same name
------------------ with Lat + but if diff.name – then affix
ZD = 0° sign of quantity with greater value)
NOTE: It means that the sun is exactly at the Zenith (directly above your
head), therefore Zenith Distance (ZD) is zero and no shadow will be seen.
Lat = 45° N
– 90°
--------------------
Ho = 65°
= 21.25 feet
6
THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS are FINDING HOW FAR is the
SUN to the ZENITH of OBSERVER or the FINDING the ANGULAR or
the ZENITH DISTANCE:
How far and where will the Sun be from the Zenith of the observer at
noon of June 21 or 23 if the observer is navigating along the Tropic
of Cancer?
What is the angular distance of the sun from the zenith of the
observer at noon of June 21 or 23 if the observer is navigating along
the Tropic of Cancer?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Angular Distance = 0°
7
How far and where will the sun be from the zenith of the observer at
noon of December 21 or 23 if the observer is navigating along the
Tropic of Cancer?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How far is the Sun to the Observer (ZD) = 46° 54’ South
How far and where will the sun be from the zenith of observer at
noon of March 21 or 23 when the observer is navigating along the
Arctic Circle?
How far is the Sun to the Observer (ZD) = 66° 33’ South
What is the angular distance of the sun from the zenith of the
observer at noon of March 21 or 23 when the observer is navigating
along the Arctic Circle?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8
What is the difference of latitude between the Antarctic Circle and
the Tropic of Capricorn?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
What is the difference of latitude between the Arctic Circle and the
Tropic of Cancer?
How far (in angular distance) is the Arctic Circle from the North
Pole?
How far in angular distance is the Antarctic Circle from the South
Pole?
9
A ship sailing eastward crosses the 180th meridian at 1130 ZT of
June 6. What is the new zone time and date of crossing?
a.) By Formula:
Time Difference (TD) = – 24 hrs < < < ZD dep – ZD arr = (–12) – (+12)
Or 1 day
E Long._______________________(180°)_______________________W Long.
IDL
NOTE: Remember the 180th meridian is the I.D.L. (International Date Line) or
I.D.L. means 1 Day Less. In short, crossing the IDL from E to W (eastward),
you subtract 1 day. And crossing from W to E (westward), you add 1 day.
10
A ship is in Longitude 137° 45' E, clocks keeping ZT. Find the LMT at
1123 ship's time.
= 09h 11m (E) > > > Long. in Time (λ t) (hh – mm – ss)
= -9 (E) > > > > > > ZD (whole number of hour)
NOTE 2: Local Zone Time or Zone Time or Local Time is the Standard Time
maintained within a certain zone as designated by Zone Description. This
standard time is the time being maintained on board ship and this is what
we call the Ship’s Time.
11
The LMT of sunrise on the standard meridian is 0552H. Your
Longitude is 99° 15’ E. What is your ZT of sunrise?
The local mean time of sunset at Long. 73° 30' E is 18h 40m 00s.
What is the corresponding local zone time of sunset?
12
The LMT of LAN is 1200H. What will be the zone time of LAN if you
are located in Longitude 120° 30’ W?
The zone time of LAN is 1152. Your longitude is 73º 15' E. What time
would you use to enter the Nautical Almanac to determine the
declination of the Sun at LAN?
TO FIND GMT:
13
If the Greenwich Hour Angle of the sun at noon of Feb.26 is 356°
23.6’. What is the Equation of Time?
The GHA of the sun at 1200 GMT was found in the nautical almanac
to be 356° 28.4’. What will be the GMT of the meridian passage?
E.T. = 00h 14m 06s + > > > (see above problem)
----------------------------------
In this problem, GHA = 356° 28.4’ which is more than 180°, therefore,
14
The GHA of the Sun at 1200h GMT was found in the Almanac to be
002° 31.6’. What is the equation of time?
If GHA < 180°, then Mean Sun is Behind, Apparent Sun is Ahead, E.T. –
The GHA of the Sun at 1200h GMT was found to be 002° 31.6’. What
will be the GMT of Meridian Passage if your longitude is at
Greenwich?
GAT = 12h 00m 00s > > > Greenwich Apparent Time
E.T. = 00h 10m 06s – > > > ( see above problem )
-------------------------------------
15
The GHA Aries is determined as 348° 16.3’, an observer is located at
178° 39.2’ East . The LHA Aries he will use in solving latitude by
Polaris is:
You depart LAT 50º 06’ N, LONG 153º 06’ E and steam 879 miles on
course 090º. What is the LONG of arrival?
You depart LAT 25º 54' N, LONG 9º 38' E and steam 592 miles on
course 270º. What is the LONG of arrival?
16
TO CONVERT GHA to LONGITUDE:
RULE: If GHA > 180°, then Long = 360° – GHA and named East.
17
At meridian passage, upper transit, the observer’s latitude was
found to be 43° 34.7’ N, Dec. is 1° 46.3’ N. Find the observed altitude.
The distance to the nearest vertex from any point on a great circle
track cannot exceed___________.
The maximum distance from the VERTEX to any point on a GREAT CIRCLE
TRACK = 5,400 nautical miles > > > 90° x 60
18
TO FIND LATITUDE BY MERIDIAN TRANSIT
(UPPER TRANSIT):
What is the latitude of a place where the sun is at the zenith of the
observer at local apparent noon of June 21 or 23?
NOTE: When the Observer is stepping at his shadow at local apparent noon,
this means that the Sun is exactly at the Zenith, therefore, the
ZD = 0°
DEC = 0° > > > March 21 or 23
-----------------
LAT = 0° or at the Equator
The sun crosses the upper branch of the celestial meridian of the
observer at a position 15º South of his zenith. If the sun’s declination
is 15º S. What is the latitude of the observer?
ZD = 15° S
DEC = 15° S (N) >>> (reverse sign; if diff.name – )
------------------------
LAT = 0° or at the Equator
19
TO FIND LATITUDE BY MERIDIAN PASSAGE
(LOWER TRANSIT):
NOTE: Lower Transit means Passage at the Lower Branch of the Meridian.
Lower Transit can only be observed when a body is a circumpolar body.
A circumpolar body is a celestial body which does not set but remains above
the horizon for 24 hours.
LAT = PX + Ho
PX (Polar Distance) = 90° – Declination
RULE: Latitude is named according to the name of Declination.
20
A ship on course of 253° T at 14 knots. At 2329 a lighthouse was
observed bearing 282° T. At 2345 the same lighthouse bears 300° T.
What is the ship’s distance off the second bearing?
2. Then solve for AB (Distance Run Between 1st & 2nd Observation)
= 16 minutes x 14 knots
3. Solve for Distance off at second bearing (BC): (By SINE Law)
BC = Sin A x AB / Sin C
―Busy SinA AB at SinCha‖
CD = BC x Sin B
―Si Dee Busy Rin Ba?‖
21
You are on course 138° T. To check the latitude of your 000
vessel you should observe a celestial body on which
bearing?
The local mean time of sunset at Long. 73 deg 30' E. is 18h 18h 46m 00s
40m 00s. What is the corresponding local zone time of
sunset?
22
The zone time of LAN is 1152. Your longitude is 73º 15' E. 0652
What time would you use to enter the Nautical Almanac
to determine the declination of the Sun at LAN?
How far and where will the sun be from the zenith of the 0º
observer at noon of June 21 or 23 if the observer is
navigating along the Tropic of Cancer?
June21 >>> First Point of Cancer > Summer Solstice > 23°27’North
Sept.23 >>> First Point of Libra > Autumnal Equinox> 0° going South
Dec.22 >>> First Point of Capricorn> Winter Solstice > 23°27’ South
The vernal equinox in the celestial sphere is where the sun 0º increasing to
declination is: maximum north
23
The Autumnal equinox is the point where the Sun is at: 0° declination going to
southerly declinations
The First point of Aries is the point where the Sun is at: 0° declination going to
northerly declinations
The declination of the sun was at its maximum what do you Solstice
call the position or point on the celestial sphere
During the month of October the sun’s declination is: South and increasing
When the sun is at the winter solstice its declination is : south and decreasing to
0º
When the sun is at the summer solstice its declination is north and decreasing to
__________. 0º
When the sun is at summer solstice its declination is: maximum north
During the month of October the Sun’s declination is: south and increasing
One complete turn of the drum of the sextant moves the 1 degree
index arm _____ along the arc.
24
The DGPS provides accuracy within a range of _______. 10 meters
The GPS provides 95% accuracy within a range of ______. 100 meters
The standard sea level pressure of the atmosphere is _____ 1013.25 millibars of
mercury
On Dec 10, the LMT of LAN is 1151H. What will be the 1151 ZT
zone time of LAN if you are located in Longitude 150 deg
00' W?
The sun is the central body of the solar system. It moves in 12 miles per second
the direction of Vega at:
The LMT of LAN is 1200H. What will be the zone of LAN if 1202 ZT
you are located in Longitude 120° 30’ W?
The equation of time is 12m 00s and the mean sun is ahead 1212
of the apparent sun. If you are on the central meridian of
your time zone, at what ZT will the apparent sun cross the
meridian?
25
The equation of time is 8m 00s. The mean Sun is ahead of 1216
the apparent Sun. If you are 2º W of the central meridian of
your time zone, when will the apparent Sun cross your
meridian?
A GPS satellite transmits a signal thru the second carrier 1227.60 MHz
on:
You are on a voyage from Limon, Costa Rica, to Los 1336, 8 Feb
Angeles. The distance from pilot to pilot is 3150 miles. The
speed of advance is 14.0 knots. You estimate 24 hours
bunkering at Colon, and 12 hours for the Panama Canal
transit. If you depart at 1836 hours (ZD+6), on 28 January.
What is your ETA (ZD+8) at Los Angeles?
A GPS satellite transmits a signal thru the first carrier on 1575.42 MHz
___.
A. 19 years C. 6 years
B. 19 years D. 16 years
26
If a sound signal is emitted from the oscillator of a 24 fathoms
fathometer, and two seconds elapse before the returning
signal is picked up what depth of water is indicated?
The Master issues a night order in the Night Order Book. 24-hour period
It is valid for:
As radiant energy from the sun arrives at the earth, how 19%
many percent is absorbed by the atmosphere?
As radiant energy from the sun arrives at the earth, how 52%
many percent is absorbed by the surface of the earth?
As radiant energy from the sun arrives at the earth, how 29%
many percent is reflected back into space?
The standard sea level pressure of the atmosphere is _____. 29.92 inches
A. 3 C. 7
B. 5 D. 10
When using GPS, how many position lines are required for 3
a 2D (dimensional) fix?
A sidereal day is shorter than a solar day by about _____. 3 mins and 56 secs
27
The Sun at the maximum declination north would be Aphelion
approximately at ________________.
In each planet’s orbit, the point nearest the sun is called: Perihelion
The visible diameter of the sun as seen from the Earth 31.5
during aphelion is_____.
The visible diameter of the sun as seen from the Earth 32.6
during perihelion is _____.
When using GPS, how many position lines are required for 4
a 3D (dimensional) fix that takes into account altitude?
The speed of sound in water is approximately ____. 4.5 times its speed in air
28
MAJOR CIRCLES OF EARTH MARKED BY THE PATH OF THE SUN
NOTE: There are instances that the Latitude of Tropic of Cancer or Tropic of
Capricorn appears to be 23°26’ N or S.
Everywhere between the parallels of about 23° 26’ North torrid zone
and 23° 26’ South, the Sun is directly overhead during the
year. This area is called the:
If you are at the Arctic Circle what is your latitude? 66º 33' North
If you are in the Antarctic Circle what is your latitude? 66º 33' South
The tropic of Capricorn marks the southern limit of the : Torrid Zone
The regions between the frigid zones and the torrid zones temperate zones
are called ______.
The areas inside the polar circles are called ______. frigid zone
29
The Antarctic circle marks the _________________. northern limit of the
south temperate zone
Places situated in Lat 30° N are within the __________. North Temperate Zone
How far in angular distance is the Arctic Circle from the 23º 27'
North Pole?
What is the angular distance of the sun from the zenith of 46º 54'
the observer at noon of December 21 or 23 if the observer is
navigating along the Tropic of Cancer?
How far and where will the sun be from the zenith of the 46º 54' South of the
observer at noon of December 21 or 23 if the observer is observer
navigating along the Tropic of Cancer?
What is the angular distance of the sun from the zenith of 66º 33'
the observer at noon of March 21 or 23 when the observer
is navigating along the Arctic Circle?
How far and where will the sun be from the zenith of 66º 33' South of the
observer at noon of March 21 or 23 when the observer is observer
navigating along the Arctic Circle?
How far (in angular distance) is the Arctic Circle from the 23º 26'
North Pole?
A. 5 to 15 degrees C. 15 to 30 degrees
B. 30 to 45 degrees D. 45 to 60 degrees
30
NAVTEX operates in a medium frequency of _____. 518 kHz
Tables of tidal stream information are given for certain a diamond shape with a
reference denoted by: letter inside
On a weather map, warm fronts are drawn as _________. a solid red line
On a weather map, warm fronts are drawn as _________. a solid red line with half
circles
31
With respect to failure warnings and status indications, a warning of loss of
GPS receivers should provide, at a minimum, _____. position
What should you apply to a fathometer reading to Add the draft of the
determine the depth of water? vessel
Lines on the magnetic chart where the variation is zero agonic lines
wherein the magnetic meridian and the true meridian
coincides are called _______.
A. agonic lines
B. lines of equal magnetic force
C. lines of equal dip
D. lines of equal magnetism
As the South Equatorial Current approaches the east coast Agulhas Current
of Africa, it divides with the main part flowing south to form
the warm _______.
32
Storms that enter the Great Lakes Basin from the west and Alberta Lows
northwest in October are the products of pressure systems
known as _______.
Physical checks of gyro, azimuth circle and pelorus are the alignment of the compass
following EXCEPT: north to the fore and aft
line of the ship
Mean low water is the average height of _______. all low waters
The Night Order Book consists which of the following? all of these
33
There is/are type/s of accuracy in Loran. This/these is/are: all of these
To make a physical check on the compass and binnacle, one all of these
must check _____.
When planning and conducting a voyage, the navigator uses all of these
many information sources. Such information include:
34
Fog is formed when _________. all of these conditions are
correct
A body at the observer’s zenith will have a/an ____. Altitude of 90°
The intercepted arc of a vertical circle between the celestial Altitude of the celestial
horizon and the almucantar is called the _____. body
This is the angle, which the wind makes with the isobars. angle of indraught
The magnetic flux lines enter the surface of the earth at angle of magnetic dip
different angles to the horizontal, at different magnetic
Latitudes. This angle is called ______.
When a body has crossed the observer’s meridian, this is any of these
called:
35
When the moon is at apogee, _______ occurs. apogean tide
In a moon’s orbit, the point farthest from the sun is called: apogee
The GHA tabulated in the Nautical Almanac is for the: apparent sun
When the time is based on the movement of the visible Sun apparent time
along the ecliptic the time is known as __________.
______ is the vector sum of the true wind and the reciprocal apparent wind
of the vessel’s course and speed vector.
A. aurora C. aureole
B. corona borealis D. corona
36
The southern lights are also called _______. Aurora Australis
When the azimuth is measured from north or south and azimuth angle
labeled accordingly, it is called:
37
Waves reflected from obstruction, running seaward are Backwash
called _______.
A wedge of water building up between the bow and nearer bank cushion
bank which forces the bow out and away describes:
The inner cloud bands in a hurricane viewed from a distance bar of the storm
from a mass of dense black cumulonimbus clouds is called
the:
A. bare C. shiny
B. plain D. slip
This is the current which generally flow northward along the Benguela current
west coast of Africa.
38
______ consist of innumerable tiny droplets of water, or Clouds
ice crystals formed by condensation of water vapor
around microscopic particles in the air.
A. cirrus
B. cirrocumulus
C. altocumulus
D. cumulonimbus
39
The form of cloud often known as “mackerel sky” which is Cirrocumulus
generally associated with fair weather is ________.
A. nimbostratus
B. stratus
C. cirrocumulus
D. cumulonimbus
A. cirrostratus
B. cirrocumulus
C. cumulonimbus
D. nimbostratus
A. Cirrostratus
B. Cirrocumulus
C. Altostratus
D. Altocumulus
A. Altostratus
B. Altocumulus
C. Cirrocumulus
D. Cirrostratus
A. Altocumulus
B. Cirrus
C. Stratus
D. Cumulus
A. cirrus
B. cirrocumulus
C. altocumulus
D. cumulonimbus
40
Towering Clouds Cumulonimbus
What are the typical thunder shower clouds that appears Cumulonimbus
in great masses in the form of mountains or towers?
A. Cumulonimbus
B. Nimbostratus
C. Nimbus
D. Cumulus
What is the term used to identify the violent intense cold blizzard
wind laden with snow mostly or entirely picked up from the
ground?
A. blue C. red
B. black D. green
A. blue C. white
B. red D. black
41
On weather maps, cold front is colored: Blue
A. blue C. purple
B. red D. green
When a light is first seen on the horizon it will disappear bobbing a light
again if the eye is immediately lowered several feet. When
the eye is raised is immediately lowered several feet.
When the eye is raised to its former height the light will
again be visible. This process is called:
When an observer sees a light and reduces his height, the bobbing a light
light disappears; when the observer goes to his original
height, the light appears. This is called:
This is high tide wave that abruptly move up to the river of Bore
peculiar configuration or location and may present hazards
to shipping.
A. bore C. boggies
B. eddies D. backwash
A. Briza C. Bora
B. Habagat D. Buru
This is a relatively cold current flowing along the northwest Canary current
coast of Africa.
42
The azimuth of the sun is best taken at the: center of the sun
All depths indicated on charts are reckoned from some chart sounding datum
selected levels of the water called______.
This term refers to a heavenly body which has two meridian circumpolar
passages one above and one below the elevated pole.
WIND CIRCULATION:
43
The circulation around a Low Pressure (L.P.) center in the Counterclockwise
Northern Hemisphere (N.H.) is:
A. Counterclockwise
B. Variable
C. Clockwise
D. Anticyclone
The wind circulation around a high pressure center in the clockwise moving
northern hemisphere is: outward from high
The wind circulation around a low pressure area in the Counter clockwise and
Northern Hemisphere is: inward
The flow of air around an anticyclone in the Southern Counter clockwise and
Hemisphere is: outward
What is the wind circulation around a high pressure center Clockwise and moving
in the N. hemisphere? outwards from the high
44
The dense black cumulonimbus clouds surrounding the eye cloud walls
of a hurricane are called:
The inter tropical convergence zone is generally associated cloudy skies and showers
with _______.
Chart intended for inshore coastwise navigation where the coast chart
course may lie inside outlying reefs and shoals, for
entering and leaving harbours is called _______.
You are entering a harbor for the first time which of the Coast pilot
publications would
A. col C. wedge
B. through D. ridge
45
In the northern hemisphere, winds veering sharply to the cold front has passed
west or northwest with increasing velocity are indications
that a:
On a weather map, the half circles in a stationary front are colder air
pointing towards _____.
The method used when finding the compass error when the Compass error by
compass bearing of a body is observed at the moment of amplitude
rising or setting?
A. concentration C. ablation
B. okta D. accumulation
46
Ascending and descending air masses with different Convection
temperature is part of an important heat transmitting
process in our atmosphere called ________.
______ diverts the air from a direct path between high and Coriolis force
low pressure areas.
_______ are colored rings around the sun or moon covered Corona
by a thin cloud.
A. corona C. aureole
B. halo D. aurora borealis
A. corona C. halo
B. aurora D. parantiselene
What type of cloud formation would you expect to see to the cumulus cloud lined up
west of an approaching tropical wave? in rows extending in a
northeast to southwest
direction
This is an outside force from the center of high or low cyclostrophic forces
pressure:
A good chart can be distinguished from indifferent one by: date of correction
47
The angular distance measured along the hour circle to the Declination of the point
diurnal circle of the celestial point is known as:
Which of the following conditions does not indicate an Decrease in wind velocity
approaching tropical storm?
This is the celestial pole below the horizon of opposite depressed pole
name of the latitude.
The recording fathometer produces a graphic record of the: depth underneath the
keel against a time base
The primary use of apparent time in marine navigation is determine the time of
to________. meridian transit
The angle between the magnetic meridian and the axis of a deviation
compass card expressed in degrees east or west to indicate
to indicate which direction is the compass card offset from
the magnetic north is called ______.
48
The height of the tide is the _______. difference between the
depth of the water and
A. difference between the depth of the water and area’s tidal area’s tidal datum
datum
B. depth of water at specific time due to tidal effect
C. difference between the depth of the water and high water
tidal level
D. difference between the depth of the water at high tide and
the depth of the water at low tide
( a ) to ( b ) = Range of Tide
The distance between the surface of the water and the tidal height of tide
datum is the:
49
What is the definition of height of tide? The vertical distance
from tidal datum to the
A. The vertical distance from tidal datum to the level level
B. The vertical difference between the heights of low and
high water
C. The vertical difference between a datum plane and the
ocean bottom
D. The vertical distance from the surface of the water to
the ocean floor
“Stand” of the tide is that time when _______. the vertical rise or fall of
the tide has stopped
A. the vertical rise or fall of the tide has stopped
B. slack water occurs
C. tidal current is at a maximum
D. the actual depth of the water equals the chartered depth
What will cause a variable error in the gyro? Dirty mercury and
points
Swell is the rise and fall of the ocean’s surface due to: distant winds
50
Where is the diurnal pressure variation most noticeable? Doldrums
During the middle of the high water period, there is often double high water tide
slight fall, the effect of which is to create a longer period of
stand at high water and is called:
One of the two stars pointing to Polaris in the Ursa Major Dubhe
is:
What are the relative positions of the Sun, the Earth, and a Earth is between the Sun
planet when the planet is at opposition? and the Planet
When using a recording depth finder in the open ocean, Echoes from a deep
what phenomena is most likely to produce a continuous scattering layer
trace that may not be from the actual ocean bottom?
The path of the sun appears to take among the stars due to ecliptic
the annual revolution of the earth in its orbit is called:
51
At meridian passage, the bearing of the body will be: either North or South
The difference between local apparent time (LAT) and local equation of time
mean time (LMT) is indicated by the_______.
The sun crosses the upper branch of the celestial meridian Equator
of the observer at a position 15º South of his zenith. If the
sun declination is 15º S. What is the latitude of the
observer?
The hour circle that passes through the First Point of Equinoctial Colure
Aries is known as the _______________.
A cloudy patch of matter in the heavens outside the galaxy Extragalactic nebula
is called _____.
Frost smoke will occur when ___________. extremely cold air from
shore passes over
warmer water
A tropical wave is located 200 miles due west of your farther away to the
position, which is north of the equator. Where will the west
wave be located 24 hours later?
The speed of sound through ocean water is nearly always faster than the speed of
____. calibration for the
fathometer
52
Squall lines with an almost unbroken line of threatening fast-moving cold front
black clouds and sharp changes in wind direction, generally
a/an __________.
The original date of issue of a new chart is shown on top first edition
center margin written with ______.
In the Horizon system of coordinates, the arc of the horizon First Quadrant
measured from the East point of the horizon in a direction
towards the Principal Vertical circle through the North
Celestial Pole will give an amplitude in which quadrant?
In the Horizon System of coordinates, the arc of the horizon Fourth Quadrant
measured from the West point of the horizon in a direction
towards the Principal Vertical circle through the North
Celestial Pole will give an amplitude in which quadrant?
What is the phase of the moon when it rises about noon and First quarter
sets about midnight?
53
What kind of component is Parameter P? fore and aft component
Which can be set while the vessel is heading magnetic east fore and aft magnets
or west?
The largest waves or swells created by a typhoon or forward and to the right
hurricane will be located: of its course
This is the resultant of the commencement of the air when it frontal depression
forces its way to the cold air.
What would occur when an extremely cold air from shore frost smoke
passes over warmer water?
The moon is rising while sun is setting. What is the Full moon
approximate phase of the moon?
What is the phase of the moon when it rises about sunset? full moon
When the moon is at opposition, the phase of the moon is: Full moon
54
Which is TRUE about Light Lists? furnishes complete
information about
navigation lights and
other navigational aids
A cloudy patch of matter in the heavens within the galaxy Galactic Nebula
of which the sun is a part is called:
Dashed lines in TSS, precautionary areas, two-way routes general maritime limits
and deep water routes are _______.
You plot a fix using three lines of position and find they geometric center of the
intersect in a triangle. The actual position of the vessel is triangle
the :
If the isobars are straight, the wind blowing is called : geostrophic wind
If the isobars are curve, the wind blowing is called : gradient wind
A position of the Earth has a longitude of 74º 10' E. Its GHA of 285º 50'
celestial counterpart would have a ________.
55
What part of the gyro compass is use to support the Gimbals
gyroscope in such a manner that it remains horizontal even
when the support is tilted?
The proximity of pack ice may be indicated by _______. glare on clouds on the
horizon
A. glare on clouds on the horizon
B. changes in seawater salinity
C. changes in air temperature
D. cooling of sea water
Which statement is TRUE with respect to ship handling in go astern with extreme
ice? care with rudder
amidships
A. go astern with extreme care with rudder amidships
B. never go astern because it might damage the propeller
C. approach ice at moderate speed to reduce impact
D. navigate in zigzag to crack the ice
Often expressed in time units, it is the arc between the hour Greenwich Apparent
circle of the apparent sun and the lower branch of the Time
Greenwich meridian.
56
A strong northeast wind of the central Mediterranean is Gregale
called _______.
A. Gregale C. Scirocco
B. Mistral D. Harmattan
The typhoon track is the line which a typhoon _______. has already passed
57
Spring tides are tides that _______. have lows lower than
normal highs higher
A. have lows lower than normal highs higher than normal than normal
B. have lows higher than normal and highs lower than normal
C. are unpredictable
D. occur in the spring of the year
A. heading C. trackline
B. course D. course over ground
What kind of weather would you expect to accompany the heavy rain and
passage of a tropical wave? cloudiness
Geographical range of a light depends upon the? height of both the light
and the observer
The first indications a mariner will have of the approach of high cirrus clouds
a warm front will be: gradually changing to
cirrostratus and then to
altostratus
58
Conditions for crossing a bar would be best at: high water slack
When the pressure gradient is closely spaced, it means that high winds
you expect to encounter:
Along the pole ward side of each trade wind belt and horse latitudes
approximately with the belt of high pressure in each
hemisphere is a region with weak pressure gradients and
correspondingly with light, variable winds. These winds
are called the ______.
The area of high pressure with weak pressure gradients and horse latitudes
light variable winds on the pole side of the trade wind belt is
called _______.
59
The region of calms and variable winds coinciding with the horse latitudes
subtropical high pressure belts on the pole ward side is
called _______.
The region of high pressure extending around the earth is horse latitudes
called _______.
What kind of conditions would your observe as the eye of a Huge waves approaching
storm passes over your vessel’s position? from all directions,
clearing skies, light
winds and an extremely
low barometer.
Which condition will occur after a cold front passes? Humidity decreases
Tides at the two ends of a strait are seldom in phase or hydraulic current
equal in range and the current is generated largely by the
continuously changing difference in height of water at the
two ends called _______.
60
Which of the following is TRUE? I & II
Which of the following can be measured from the Horizon I, II, III
System of Coordinates?
I. Zenith Distance
II. Amplitude
III. Co-altitude
Which statement is true when operating in area where sea Icebergs may travel in
ice and iceberg are present? direction very different
from sea ice
A. Icebergs may travel in direction very different from sea
ice
B. Both icebergs and sea ice move in same direction and
same speed
C. Icebergs and sea ice move in same direction but of
different speed
D. Icebergs and sea ice move in same direction but iceberg
slower due its volume
61
Where is the vessel located in a tropical cyclone in the S. In the navigable
Hemisphere if a vessel hove to with the wind shifting semicircle
clockwise?
In the Southern Hemisphere, a vessel hove to with the wind in the navigable semi-
shifting clockwise would be _______. circle
The error remaining in the sextant after the navigator has index error
removed side error perpendicularity error and collimation
error is:
Which of the four adjustable errors in the sextant is the index mirror and
principal cause of index error? horizon glass not
parallel
A. index mirror and horizon glass not parallel
B. index mirror not perpendicular to the frame
C. horizon glass not perpendicular to the frame
D. telescope not parallel to the frame
62
Trade winds converge in an area in low latitudes called : Inter tropical
A. inter tropical convergence zone convergence zone
B. inter tropical divergence zone
C. torrid zone
D. temperate zone
The normal variation between the actual depth of water is extremely cold
and the indicated depth on an electronic depth sounder due
to water conditions is on the side of safety. This would NOT
be true in a case when the water______________.
At some distance above the earth’s surface, the wind tends Isobars
to blow along lines connecting points of equal pressure
called:
The line joining all places having the same temperature on Isotherm
weather maps is called:
A. isotherm C. isallobars
B. isobars D. col
This is a fast moving current of air with strong lateral and jet stream
shears which is located immediately below the troposphere is
called _______.
63
What do you call the current which is similar to the gulf Kuroshio current
stream predominantly flows on north-north-easterly
direction?
What is the phase of the moon when it rises about midnight Last quarter
and sets at about noon?
The process of changing solid to liquid state is called : latent heat of fusion
The process of changing solid state to vapor state is called : latent heat of
sublimation
A. latent heat of sublimation C. latent heat of accumulation
B. latent heat of fusion D. latent heat of vaporization
What line of position can you derive foremost during latitude line
meridian passage?
In the Celestial Equator system of coordinates, when the latitude of the observer
body’s diurnal circle coincides with the celestial equator,
the meridional zenith distance is equal to the _____.
The intercepted arc along the observer’s celestial meridian latitude of the observer
between the celestial horizon and the elevated pole is equal
to the:
If the altitude of the elevated pole is 90 degrees, the ______. Latitude of the observer
is at the pole
64
The earth’s rotation affects the direction of the current in Left
the Southern Hemisphere by deflecting the set towards the :
A. left C. center
B. right D. outside
The angle at the pole between the body’s hour circle and LMT
the observer’s lower meridian:
The data for sunrise and sunset in the Nautical Almanac is LMT
given in ______.
A. LMT C. LAN
B. GMT D. ZT
65
Your vessel is an ice-reinforced about to enter pack ice. You look for areas of rotten
should _______. ice and enter the edge
perpendicularly
A. look for areas of rotten ice and enter the edge perpendicularly
B. take maximum advantage of coastal leads caused by
offshore winds
C. trim to an even keel or slightly down by the bow
D. enter the pack ice on the windward side
A. loom C. corona
B. halo D. aurora borealis
Your vessel goes aground in soft mud. You would have the low water spring
best chance of refloating it on the next tide if it grounded at:
New edition is marked on the chart ________. lower left hand corner
When a first edition of a chart is printed, the original date lower left hand corner
of issue of a new chart
The revision date of a chart is printed on what area of the lower-left corner
chart?
66
An irregularity in the motion of the Earth due to the lunar pertuberance
disturbing effect of other celestial bodies, principally the
moon is called ______.
The curve that passes thru the places of zero DIP and magnetic equator
WITHOUT inclination on the compass needle is called
________.
A. magnetic equator C. magnetic north
B. magnetic meridian D. magnetic field
The Night Order Book includes the following EXCEPT: maintain ships speed at
all times
During meridian passage, the LHA and meridian angle of maximum altitude
the body is zero. What is its altitude?
67
The reference datum used in determining the heights of land mean high water
features on most charts:
The average height of all low waters at a given place is called mean low water
_______.
The correction table for GHA of planets is based upon the: mean rate of the sun
The average height of the surface of the sea for all stages of mean sea level
the tide over a 19 year period is called _______.
The GMT in the Nautical Almanac is based on the reference mean sun
point of:
Which two planets are inside the orbit of the earth? Mercury and Venus
All of the following arcs or angles can be measured in the Meridian angle
Horizon system of coordinates EXCEPT ______.
68
Asteroids lie chiefly between Mars and Jupiter and are Minor Planets
considered _____.
What do you call the type of tide where the presence of a mixed tides
diurnal wave is conspicuous by a large inequality in the
heights of either the two high tides or two low tides usually
occurring each tidal day?
A. Monsoon C. Gradient
B. Front D. Climate
Loran-C uses the multi pulse system because: more signal energy is
available at the
A. more signal energy is available at the receiver receiver
B. less signal energy is necessary for receiver operation
C. it significantly increases the peak power
D. it increases the signal capacity
The period between the time prior to sunrise is called_____. morning twilight
In the relatively calm area near the hurricane center, the mountainous and
seas are___________. confused
The apparent wind speed can be zero only when two must be from dead
conditions are present. One condition is that the true wind astern
_____________.
69
What represents part of the spherical earth on a plane nautical chart
surface?
The edge of a hurricane has overtaken your vessel in the navigable semi-circle
Gulf of Mexico and the northwest wind of a few hours ago
has shifted to the west. This is an indication that you are
located in the:
When planning and conducting a voyage, the navigator uses navigational charts
many information sources that includes the following
EXCEPT:
Prior to getting the ship underway, the navigator should navigational check list
make a/an:
A. neap C. perigean
B. spring D. apogean
Tropical cyclone does not occur in the doldrums due to: negligible coriolis force
70
Which of the following statements is/are TRUE? neither I and II
Ship A observed in his radar ship B on her own portside to neither of the ships
be on a collision course on a dense for, which ship has the
right of way?
Ship A observed in his radar ship B on her own starboard neither of the two vessels
side to be on a collision course, on a dense fog, which ship
has the right of way?
What is the phase of the moon when it rises and sets with New moon
the sun?
What is the phase of the moon when it rises during sunrise? New moon
71
What is the phase of the moon when it seems to rise and new moon
set with the sun?
When the moon is in inferior conjunction the moon phase new moon
is:
Which current flows westward in the general area of the North Equatorial
northeast trades. Current
If your weather bulletin shows the center of a low pressure north to northwest
area to be 100 miles due east of your position, what winds
can you expect in the northern hemisphere?
The prevailing winds from approximately 5 deg N to 30 deg northeast trade winds
N are the _______.
72
Because of the low temperatures near the geographical northeasterlies in the
poles of the earth, the surface pressure tends to remain Arctic
higher than in surrounding regions since cold air is denser
than warm air. Consequently, winds blow outward from
the poles called:
A. northerly C. easterly
B. southerly D. westerly
A. North-South C. Vertical
B. East-West D. Horizontal
A. northwest C. south
B. southeast D. northeast
A. Nunatak C. Nilas
B. Rime D. Sastrugi
73
On weather maps, purple color indicates: occluded front
A. occlusion C. frontogenesis
B. frontolysis D. through
The navigational triangle is NOT formed when the body is: on the observer’s
meridian
If the vessel is in the dangerous semi-circle in the Southern on the port bow and
Hemisphere, the best action is to have the wind _______. make as much headway
as possible
A. on the port bow and make as much headway as possible
B. on the starboard bow and make as much headway as possible
C. on the port quarter and make as much headway as possible
D. on the starboard quarter and make as much headway as
possible
If the vessel is in the dangerous semi-circle in the Northern on the starboard bow
Hemisphere, the best action is to have the wind _______. and make as much
headway as possible
A. on the starboard bow and make as much headway as possible
B. on the port bow and make as much headway as possible
C. on the starboard quarter and make as much headway as
possible
D. on the port quarter and make as much headway as possible
74
If the vessel is in the navigable semi-circle in the Northern on the starboard quarter
Hemisphere, the best action is to have the wind _______. and make as much
headway as possible
A. on the starboard quarter and make as much headway as
possible
B. on the port quarter and make as much headway as possible
C. on the starboard bow and make as much headway as possible
D. on the port bow and make as much headway as possible
You are attempting to locate your position with reference to on the storm track
a hurricane center in the Northern Hemisphere. If the wind behind the center
direction remains steady, but with diminishing velocity, you
are most likely.
A tide is called diurnal when _______. only one high and one
low water occur during a
A. only one high and one low water occur during a lunar day lunar day
B. the high tide is higher and the low tide is lower than usual
C. the high tide and low tide are exactly six hours apart
D. two high tides occur during a lunar day
After passing the First Quarter phase, the moon becomes Opposition
full moon at _____.
The sun rises exactly at the time when the moon is setting. Opposition
The moon is at _____.
The superior planets are brightest and closest to the earth Opposition
at_____________.
75
This is the type of rain that falls on the weather side of a orographic rain
mountain ranges and give some of the heaviest rain known:
A. parallax C. index
B. dip D. semi-diameter
A. parhelion C. anthelion
B. paranthelion D. anti-helion
The ratio of the strength of the magnetic field inside the Permeability
metal to the strength of the external field is:
A. permeability C. coercivity
B. retentivity D. remanence
76
The SOA chosen for each track leg in voyage planning is PIM speed
the:
The Sailing Directions are published in the Enroute format Planning Guide
and the _____.
The best position of the bow of the vessel when you are pointing to seaward
maneuvering on ice and intend to stop in ice close inshore is:
The angle measured from the elevated pole along the hour Polar Distance
circle to the diurnal circle passing by the body is called:
A. poleward C. northward
B. eastward D. westward
In order for the gyro to have its North-South axis maintain Precession
its position in line with the Meridian, it must be capable of:
77
Any or all forms of water particles whether liquid or solid precipitation
that fall from the atmosphere and reach the ground is
_____.
Military users use the ______ which provides extremely Precise Positioning
accurate positioning. System
On the poleward side of the high pressure belt in both prevailing westerlies
hemispheres, the atmospheric pressure again diminishes.
The wind in motion moves towards the poles and diverted
by the earth’s rotation toward the east. This wind system
is called _______.
What is the airflow along the poleward side of the high Prevailing westerlies
pressure belt in each hemisphere diverted by the earth’s
rotation towards the East?
The charts _______ reflects the latest Notice to Mariners print date
used to update the chart.
When the faces of the sextant shade glasses and mirrors prismatic error
are not parallel, the error is called:
A. purple C. red
B. blue D. green
78
On weather maps, occluded front is colored: purple
A. purple C. blue
B. red D. green
This is a gyro error caused by the rolling of the vessel quadrantal error
whose effect can reach a maximum on inter-cardinal
heading:
When using an echo sounder in deep water, it is NOT receive a strong return at
unusual to _____. about 200 fathoms (366
meters) during the day,
and one nearer the
surface at night
79
Dashed line and dashed outlined arrows in recommended recommended routes
routes are ________.
A. recommended routes
B. recommended traffic flow
C. recommended track
D. recommended direction of traffic
Dashed lines with arrowheads generally reserved for use recommended tracks
by charting authorities are _______.
A. red C. purple
B. blue D. green
A. red C. purple
B. blue D. green
A. red/blue C. blue
B. purple D. red
The ratio of the pressure of water vapor present in the relative humidity
atmosphere to the saturation vapor pressure at the same
temperature is called ______.
80
After attempting to neutralize magnetism of the vessel, the residual magnetism
remaining is called _______.
A. ridge C. through
B. col D. doldrums
A. right C. center
B. left D. lower latitude
The date of a revised print is on the charts ______. right of the edition date
As a cold front passes an observer, pressure _______. rises and winds become
variable
After a cold front passes the barometric pressure usually rises, often quite
____. rapidly, with clearing
skies
A. rollers C. surf
B. tidal wave D. tsunami
81
What is a region between two highs and two lows? Saddle
Charts used for planning , fixing position at sea on a long sailing charts
voyage are called _______.
This is the result when the sea is warm compared with the sea smoke
air which flows over the surface of the sea.
Which feature, when set to zero, might allow a GPS unit Selective Availability
to have an accuracy equivalent to Precise Positioning
Service receiver capability?
Which feature, when set to zero, might allow a GPS unit Selective Availability
to have an accuracy equivalent to Precise Positioning
Service receiver capability?
A. semi-diurnal C. mixed
B. interval D. diurnal
82
When there are small differences between the heights of semi-diurnal
two successive high tides or two low tides, in a tidal day,
the tides are called _______.
A. semi-diurnal C. solar
B. diurnal D. mixed
The radar control that reduces weak echoes out to a limited sensitivity time control
distance from the ship is the _______.
The radar control used to reduce sea return at close ranges sensitivity time control
is the __________.
A tint, 3 mm wide in TSS and between TSS and inshore separation line
traffic is _______.
A tint, any shape in TSS and between TSS and inshore separation zone
traffic is _______.
The celestial coordinate of a star that is relatively constant in Sidereal hour angle
value is the:
What do you call the snow and rain falling together, frozen sleet
consisting of transparent, rounded, hard rain-drop sized
grain of ice?
83
A parallel of latitude other than the equator is a ______. small circle
The earth receives 1,360 watts per square meter of the solar constant
solar energy. This is called:
The sun continuously emits charge particles called _____. solar wind
An electronic depth finder operates on the principle that sound waves travel at a
____. constant speed through
water
In the area of prevailing westerlies, and ocean current that South Atlantic Current
generally flows in the easterly direction to a point west of
Cape of Good Hope is called _______.
Tropical storms occur in all oceans EXCEPT in the: South Atlantic Ocean
84
According to Buys Ballot Law, when an observer in the south-southwest
southern hemisphere experiences a northwest wind, the
center of the low pressure is located to the______.
A. southward C. westward
B. northward D. eastward
The usual sequence of directions in which a tropical cyclone southwest, south and
moves in the Southern Hemisphere is ________________. southeast
A. southwesterly C. southerly
B. northwesterly D. northerly
Most GPS receivers use the Doppler shift of the carrier Speed
phase to compute ____.
_______ is the gyro compass error introduced by the ship’s speed error
forward motion along its track.
When the moon is new or full, what type of tides occur? Spring
A. Spring C. Diurnal
B. Neap D. Apogean
These are stars in the galaxy that tend to congregate in Star clouds
groups arranged in long spiral arms.
85
In the Nautical Almanac, are tabulated GHA of both the stars 57
sun and Aries, and also the declination of ______.
On weather maps, alternate red and blue color indicates: stationary front
A. sublimation C. vaporization
B. condensation D. convection
86
_______ is a squall with violent thunder, lightning, and Sumatra
rain, which blows at night in the Malacca Straits especially
during the southwest monsoon.
A. Sumatra C. Malaccan
B. Javaean D. Taku
A. sun C. Sirius
B. Vega D. Altair
The path followed by the sun towards Vega is called : Sun’s way
Azimuth of the sun for compass error is best taken at: sun's low altitude
A. surge C. swell
B. bore D. seiche
A. swell C. seiches
B. surge D. sea current
This is the gyro compass error applicable in which tangent latitude error
damping is accompanied by offsetting the point of
application of the force from a mercury ballistic.
87
Fog forms when the air. Temperature equals or is
below the dew point
temperature
Little or no change in the barometric reading over a twelve that present weather
hour period indicates________. conditions will continue
The diurnal inequality of the tides is caused by _______. the declination of the
moon
A. the declination of the moon
B. changing the weather conditions
C. the Moon being at apogee
D. the Moon being at perigee
Fog forms when the air temperature is at or below: The dew point
The longitude of the GP of a celestial body will be East if : The Greenwich Hour
Angle is more than 180
Who has the con while navigating when the Master is on the OIC
the bridge?
88
The same side of the moon is always turned towards the the period of rotation is
Earth because_______. equal to the period of
revolution
What are the relative positions of the Sun, the earth, and a the Planet is between
planet when the planet is at inferior conjunction? the Earth and the Sun
The gyro compass has the least directional power at the : the sensitive element
If the Earth’s rotation were stopped, which of the following The sun will rise from
conditions will happen? the West and sets to the
East due to revolution
A. through C. wedge
B. ridge D. low pressure
A. through C. fetch
B. crest D. range
A cold front moving in from the northwest can produce : Thunderstorms, hail,
and then rapid clearing
89
_______ is a periodic motion of the sea due to gravitational tidal phenomenon
forces of various celestial bodies.
When the equation of time is taken from the Nautical time of local apparent
Almanac for use in celestial navigation, it is used to noon
determine _______.
You are steaming west in the North Atlantic in an to the north of you
extratropical cyclonic storm, and the wind, and the wind
is dead ahead. According to Buy Ballots Law, the center
of the law pressure lies _________.
A dangerous semi-circle in the Northern Hemisphere is that to the right of the storm
area of the storm: track
In the Southern Hemisphere, the navigable semi-circle is: to the right of the
storm track
A. to the right of the storm track
B. in the dangerous semi-circle
C. ahead of the storm track
D. behind the storm center
90
Original date of issue of a new chart is shown at the : top center margin
This is the belt of light and variable winds and fine clear trade wind belt
weather marking the central regions of the sub-tropical
high pressure belt.
The winds blowing consistently from the horse latitudes to trade winds
the doldrums are called _______.
The winds that has the greatest effect on the set, drift, and trade winds
depth of the equatorial currents are the:
Winds that blow from the belts of high pressure towards trade winds
the equatorial belts of low pressure are the ______.
A. Tropic tides
B. Higher high tides & lower low tides
C. Mixed-type tides
D. Equatorial tides
91
Which of the following weather disturbances is classified by Tropical disturbance
from and intensity and which does not have closed isobars?
Low pressure disturbances, which travel along the inter- tropical waves
tropical convergence zone, are called__________.
The velocity of the apparent wind can be less than the true true wind from dead
wind and from the same direction, if certain conditions are astern
present. One condition is that the ___________.
The velocity of the apparent wind can be more than the true wind must be from
true wind, and come from the same direction, if certain dead ahead
conditions are present. One condition is that the ______.
When operated over a muddy bottom, a fathometer may two depth reading
indicate _____
Which factor has the greatest effect on the amount of gain Type of bottom
required to obtain a fathometer reading?
92
Inferior conjunction is possible for ____________. Venus
Which of the planet in the Solar System has almost the same Venus
size as the Earth?
A. Venus C. Pluto
B. Neptune D. Mars
A. vertex C. vortex
B. trough D. eye
What does the term “tide” refer to? Vertical movement of the
water
A. Vertical movement of the water
B. Horizontal movement of the water
C. Mixing tendency of the water
D. Salinity constant of the water
93
On mid-ocean waters, the height of a wind-generated wave water depth exceeding
is not affected by the: 100 feet
A small whirling storm over the ocean or inland waters and waterspout
is like a funnel-shaped cloud dropping to the ocean is called
_______.
A. waterspout C. depression
B. whirlwind D. tornado
This is the vertical distance between the trough and the wave height
crest.
This is the vertical distance between the trough and the wave height
crest.
Which gyro pilot adjustment is set to zero except when it weather adjustment
is desirable to allow the ship to respond to the temporary
action of heavy seas?
94
Because of the earth rotation, the moving air is deflected west
toward the ______.
A. west C. northeast
B. east D. southwest
Current that flows easterly around Antarctica is termed as West wind drift
_______.
In the Antarctic the circulation is generally from west to east West Wind Drift
in a broad, slow-moving current extending completely
around Antarctica, this is called the _______.
A. westward C. eastward
B. northward D. southward
95
Priming of the tides occurs _______. when the Moon is
between new and first
A. when the Moon is between new and first quarter and quarter and between
between third quarter and new third quarter and new
B. at times of new and full Moon
C. when the Earth, Moon and Sun are lying approximately
on the same line
D. when the Moon is between first quarter and full and
between third quarter and new
In a river subject to tidal currents, the best time to dock a when there is a head
ship without the assistance of tugs is____________. current
The wind in the dangerous semi-circle of a tropical cyclone wind circulation and
is higher in velocity due to the: forward motion of the
storm
A. wind circulation and forward motion of the storm
B. extension of the low pressure ridge
C. direction of circulation and pressure gradient
D. recurvature effect
The wind velocity is higher in the dangerous semi-circle of a wind circulation and
tropical cyclone because of the _______. forward motion of the
storm
A. wind circulation and forward motion of the storm
B. extension of the low pressure ridge
C. direction of circulation and pressure gradient
D. recurvature effect
96
Appendices of the Planning Guide contains the following wind force and current
information EXCEPT : sets
The apparent wind speed can be zero only when two wind speed equals the
conditions are present. One condition is that the true ship speed
_____________.
What publication contains information about the port World Port Index
facilities in Cadiz, Spain?
The difference of latitude between the GP and your position, zenith distance
at the time when the celestial body is on the meridian, is
represented by:
A faint glow observed extending upward along the ecliptic zodiacal light
before sunrise and after sunset is called ______.
This is a faint cone of light which extends upward from the zodiacal light
horizon along the ecliptic after sunset or before sunrise.
A. 60° C. 180°
B. 135° D. 360°
97
The axis of precession describes an angle of inclination as 41,000 years
the earth moves towards the direction of star VEGA,
caused by a force which tends to rotate the earth axis
perpendicular to plane of the ecliptic. This physical
character has a cycle of:
A. 5° to 15°
B. 15° to 30°
C. 30° to 45°
D. 45° to 60°
98
What classification of tropical cyclone would have closed A tropical storm
isobars, counter clockwise rotary circulation, and sustained
winds between 34 and 63 knots?
A. A tropical disturbance
B. A tropical depression
C. A tropical storm
D. A hurricane
A. A tropical disturbance
B. A tropical depression
C. A tropical storm
D. A typhoon
A. Agulhas current
B. Benguela current
C. Canary current
D. Madagascar current
A. all of these
B. meteorological warnings
C. meteorological forecasts
D. navigational warnings
99
A stationary front on a weather chart is colored: alternating red and blue
A. red
B. alternating red and blue
C. purple
D. blue
What can you find in the last pages of the NAUTICAL altitude correction of
Almanac? the moon
The angular distance between the prime vertical and the Amplitude
hour circle of the body with prefix sign is otherwise known
as:
100
A submerged ice attached to the bottom irrespective of the anchor ice
nature of its formation is called:
A. anchor ice
B. iceberg
C. compact ice
D. polynya
A. Stratosphere C. Troposphere
B. Ionosphere D. Atmosphere
Developed with tangent plane. With the result that bearing Azimuthal projection
of a point from the centre are correctly represented.
101
The inner cloud bands of a hurricane, when viewed from a bar of the storm
distance, form a mass of dense, black cumulonimbus clouds
called the ________.
The inner cloud bands in a hurricane viewed from a bar of the storm
distance from a mass of dense black cumulonimbus clouds
is called the:
This is a local strong wind carrying damp snow or sleet and Barber
spray that freezes upon contact with objects:
A. barber
B. katabatic wind
C. anabatic wind
D. abroholos
A. Barometer C. hygrometer
B. thermometer D. anemometer
A. Canary current
B. Agulhas current
C. Benguela current
D. South Atlantic current
102
Which current would you encounter on a direct passage Benguela current
from London, England to Cape Town, South Africa?
A. Falkland current
B. Norway current
C. Brazil current
D. Benguela current
A. blue
B. purple
C. red
D. alternating red and blue
If Declination plus the latitude equals 90° and of the same Body is tangent to the
names, the: horizon at lower transit
What current flows southward along the west coast of the California Current
United States and causes extensive fog in that area?
A. Davidson Current
B. North Pacific Current
C. Alaska Current
D. California Current
The imaginary sphere of infinite radius with the earth at its Celestial sphere
centre.
103
The imaginary sphere of infinite radius with the earth at its Celestial sphere
center.
A sextant error where the pivot of the index bar is not at Centering error
the center of the arc.
In the Northern Hemisphere, the major ocean currents clockwise around the
tend to flow: North Atlantic and
North Pacific oceans
A. clockwise around the North Atlantic and North Pacific
oceans
B. clockwise or counter-clockwise depending on whether it
is a warm or a cold current
C. counter-clockwise except in the Gulf Stream
D. counter-clockwise around the North Atlantic and North
Pacific Oceans
You are entering a harbor for the first time, which of the Coast pilot
publications would you consult?
104
When cold air displaces warm air you have a (n) _______. cold front
A. cold front
B. occluded front
C. stationary front
D. warm front
A sextant error when the axis of the telescope is not parallel Collimation error
to the plane of the instrument.
A. radiation
B. conduction
C. convection
D. induction
When the air is warmed, it tends to rise. This heat transfer Convection
is called:
A. Advection C. Convection
B. Conduction D. Radiation
A. Convection C. conduction
B. radiation D. barometric inversion
The direction in which a vessel is steered is the course the Course over the ground
path actually followed is the:
105
What do you call the relatively low pressure area which is Cyclone
generally circular.
A. Anticyclone C. Col
B. Cyclone D. Squall
A good chart can be distinguished from indifferent one by: date of correction
The polar distance of the body is said to be equal to 090º Declination of the body
when is 0º
The daily path of a celestial body that is parallel to the Diurnal circle
equinoctial.
106
Katabatic wind blows: Down an incline due to
cooling of air
A. Up an incline due to surface heating
B. In a circular pattern
C. Down an incline due to cooling of air
D. Horizontally between a high and a low pressure area
Anabatic = Up
A. Katabatic wind
B. Foehn
C. Fall wind
D. Anabatic wind
If a celestial body is at your meridian the azimuth is: Either North or South
The hour cycle that passes through the First Point of Aries equinoctial colure
is known as the:
It is the term used when the ecliptic intersects the celestial Equinoxes
equator.
107
The points of intersection of the ecliptic and the celestial Equinoxes
equator are called_______.
You are proceeding to the area of reported distress. When Expanding square
you arrive at the reported position, the vessel in distress is
not sighted. What type of search should be conducted?
A. Sector search
B. Expanding square
C. Track crawl
D. Parallel track search
At the top of the center of the chart is the date of ______. first edition of the chart
In the Horizon system of coordinates, the arc of the horizon First Quadrant
measured from the East point of the horizon in a direction
towards the Principal Vertical circle through the North
Celestial Pole will give an amplitude in which quadrant?
In the Horizon System of coordinates, the arc of the horizon Fourth Quadrant
measured from the West point of the horizon in a direction
towards the Principal Vertical circle through the North
celestial Pole will give an amplitude in which quadrant?
A. Dead-reckoning position
B. Estimated position
C. Fix
D. Running fix
108
The height of a wave is the vertical distance: from the crest to trough
Which of the following would occur when an extremely cold Frost smoke
air from shore passes over warmer water?
What distance of visibility is that which light may be seen in Geographical range
clear weather computed in nautical miles for a height of the
observer’s eye of 15 feet above sea level?
A. Visible range
B. Geographical range
C. Computed range
D. Luminous range
Which is commonly used for planning great circle track? gnomonic chart
Which chart is commonly used for planning great circle gnomonic chart
track?
109
It is based on a plane tangent at one point. Gnomonic projection
All parallels except the equator appear as curved lines. Gnomonic projection
Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to Go astern in ice with
ship handling procedures in ice? extreme care-always
with rudder amidships
A. Never go “full astern” at any time while in ice
B. Go astern in ice with extreme care-always with rudder
amidships
C. Enter ice at medium speeds to reduce impact
D. The presence of a snow cover on the ice assists a
vessel’s progress through an ice field
An ocean current that generally flows along the coast of Gulf Stream
Florida towards the North Atlantic is called:
A. Gulf Stream
B. Guinea Current
C. North Stream
D. Florida Current
110
________ are intended for navigation and anchorage in harbor charts
harbor and small waterways.
A great circle through the celestial poles and a point or Hour circle
body on the celestial sphere
Vertical circle is to the horizon system, what Great circle is Hour circle
for celestial equator system of coordinates?
A. floe
B. hummock
C. moraine
D. nunatak
Which of the following can be measured from the Horizon I, II and III
System of Coordinates?
I. Zenith distance
II. Amplitude
III. Co-altitude
A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. II only
D. I, II and III
A. haze
B. ice fog
C. sleet
D. frost
It is the sextant error when the horizon and index mirror Index error
are not parallel.
You plot a fix in three lines of position and find they Is the geometric center
intersect in a triangle, this actual position of the vessel: of the triangle
111
The current that, in many respects, is similar to the Gulf Kuroshio
Stream is the:
A. Kuroshio
B. Oyashio
C. California current
D. Benguela current
A. Kuroshio current
B. Peru current
C. Benguela current
D. California current
The cold ocean current which meets the warm Gulf Stream Labrador current
between latitudes 40° and 43° N to form the “cold wall” is
called the _________.
A. Iceland current
B. Labrador current
C. Baltic current
D. Baffin current
In the daily pages of the Nautical Almanac, a circle with the Last quarter
right hand side fully shaded indicates:
112
The amplitude will be numerically equal to the declination Latitude is zero
only when:
If the altitude of the elevated pole is 90 degrees, the: Latitude of the observer
is at the pole
What do you call the line connecting perihelion and the Line of apsides
aphelion?
In the lower right hand column of the daily pages of the LMT
Almanac, the time of Meridian Passage (M.P.) is given in:
In the time diagram, the time-arc of the celestial equator Local Sidereal Time
between the hour circle of the vernal equinox to the
observer’s Meridian is called:
New edition on the chart is found on the: Lower left hand corner
When a first edition of a chart is printed, the original date lower left hand corner
of issue of a new chart is shown at the top center margin
and;
The revision date of a chart is printed on what area of the lower-left corner
chart?
113
During meridian passage, the LHA and meridian angle of Maximum altitude
the body is zero. What is its altitude?
The angle measured from the observer’s meridian either Meridian angle
eastward or westward to the body and named East if rising
and West if setting.
All of the following arcs or angles can be measured in the Meridian angle
horizon system of coordinates EXCEPT:
________ uses the mean latitude for converting departure middle latitude sailing
to difference of longitude when the course is not due east or
west.
A. Moon
B. Stars
C. Sun
D. Sun/Moon
114
________ represents part of the spherical earth on a plane nautical chart
surface.
What is the phase of the moon when it rises during sunrise? New moon
The maximum distance that a light be seen when the nominal range
weather is clear is called:
When the Gulf stream decreases speed until it becomes North Atlantic Current
slow, it is called:
A. Florida Current
B. North Atlantic Current
C. Labrador Current
D. Norwegian Current
115
The navigational triangle is NOT formed when the body is: on the observer’s
meridian
If the GHA of the moon differs by 180° by that of the sun, Opposition
it said to be at:
The sun rises exactly at the time when the moon is setting. Opposition
The moon is at__________.
After passing the first Quarter phase, the moon become full Opposition
moon at:
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Ice Organize and equip the
Navigation Center? Ice Patrol
116
Cold water flowing southward through the western part of Oyashio current
the Bering Sea between Alaska and Siberia is joined by
water circulating counter-clockwise in the Bearing Sea to
form the:
A. Alaska current
B. Kuroshio current
C. Subartic current
D. Oyashio current
A. ice cake
B. frazil ice
C. pancake ice
D. ice floes
What correction to the altitude of the moon but not to the Parallax
altitude of the sun is taken from the daily pages of the
almanac?
A. Refraction
B. Parallax
C. Coriolis
D. Semi-diameter
What is the search pattern system called using more than Parallel System
one ship?
A. Parallel System
B. Cross System
C. Circle System
D. Triangle System
It is the sextant error on the index mirror when not Perpendicularity error
perpendicular to the plane of the instrument.
117
Which of the following should be consulted to obtain Pilot chart
information about the general current circulation in the
North Atlantic Ocean?
A. Water vapor
B. Water droplet
C. Ice particle
D. Plasma
It is the distance measured from the hour circle from the Polar distance
elevated pole to the body.
Are the points on the sphere which are 90º removed from Poles of great circle
all points on the great circle.
The great circle that passes through the Zenith and Nadir Prime vertical
Vertical circle with passes through the East and west point PrimE vertical circle
of the horizon
A. red
B. red and blue
C. purple
D. blue
118
What will act to dissipate Fog? Radiation
A. convection
B. evaporation
C. radiation
D. conduction
A. purple
B. blue
C. alternating red and blue
D. red
This is the result when the rays of light passes from one Refraction
medium to another of different density
The angular distance measured from vernal equinox Right ascension (RA)
eastward and usually expressed in unit of time
It is the angular distance measured easterly from the first Right ascension (RA)
point of Aries to the body.
A. rollers C. surf
B. tidal wave D. tsunami
The smallest scale chart used for planning, fixing position sailing chart
at sea and for plotting the dead reckoning while proceeding
on a long voyage is the _____.
119
While you are on watch, you learn that a crewman has not Scharnow
been seen on board for the past three hours. What type of
turn is best in this man overboard situation?
A. Round C. Racetrack
B. Scharnow D. Single turn 180 degrees
The most probable position of the search target at a given Search Datum
time taking into consideration the effect of DRIFT since the
initial position of the incident was established.
Any circle which passes through the poles of another great Secondary great circle
circle
A. Expanding circle
B. Sector search
C. Parallel track pattern
D. Datum-drift search
Which feature, when set to zero, might allow a GPS unit to Selective Availability
have an accuracy equivalent to Precise Positioning Service
receiver capability?
It is the angle actually measured between the body and the Sextant altitude
visible horizon
120
Any circle on the surface of the sphere which does not pass Small circle
through the centre of sphere and therefore does not divide
the sphere into two equal halves
Which current would you encounter on a direct passage South Atlantic Current
from South Africa to Argentina, South America?
An ocean current that generally flows in the easterly South Atlantic Current
direction to a point west of Cape of Good in the arc of
prevailing westerlies is called:
The usual sequence of directions in which a tropical cyclone southwest, south and
moves in the Southern Hemisphere is _______. southeast
Radial lines from any point on the surface to a plane to the Stereographic
antipode of the point of the projection. projection
A. stormy area
B. vertex
C. storm field
D. vortex
121
A relatively thin shell of air, water vapor, and suspended Atmosphere
particulates surrounding the earth is called _____.
TROPOSPHERE
TROPOPAUSE
STRATOSPHERE
STRATOPAUSE
MESOSPHERE
MESOPAUSE
THERMOSPHERE
THERMOPAUSE
EXOSPHERE
A. Stratopause C. Exosphere
B. Mesopause D. Tropopause
A. thermosphere C. stratosphere
B. ionosphere D. mesosphere
122
Fetch is the: stretch of water over
which a wave forming
A. distance a wave travels between formation and decay wind blows
B. stretch of water over which a wave forming wind blows
C. time in seconds required for two crests to pass a given
point
D. measurement of a wave steepness
What wind results from a land mass cooling more quickly Land breeze
at night than the adjacent water area?
A. Coastal breeze
B. Sea breeze
C. Land breeze
D. Mistral
The Geographical longitude of the body will be numerically the body is setting
equal to the Meridian angle only when:
The Coordinator Surface Search in a SAR situation should The code flags FR
display by day:
If the altitude of the elevated pole is 90°, therefore: The latitude of the
observer is at the pole
A. The Polar distance is also 90°
B. The Declination is indeterminate
C. The latitude of the observer is at the pole
D. The Polar distance equals the declination
123
What are the relative positions of the Sun, the Earth and a the Planet is between
Planet when the planet is at inferior conjunction? the Earth and the Sun
Which of the following is NOT an indication that pack ice The presence of
may be nearby? icebergs
Your ship is navigating independently in heavy ice when it The propeller is more
becomes beset. Which of the following statements is NOT susceptible to ice
true? damage when turning
slowly than when
A. The vessel will most likely require an icebreaker to free stopped
her
B. The vessel may be able to free herself by pumping
ballast from side to side
C. The propeller is more susceptible to ice damage when
turning slowly than when stopped
D. It is advisable to clear the rudder area of ice by using
ahead turns before backing down
The date of the chart-Nautical charts bear three dates This issue contains all
which are important to persons using them. The first up to date which are
edition date (month year) printed centrally in the upper hand corrected in the
margin. old issues.
The date of the chart-Nautical charts bear three dates This issue contains all
which are important to persons using them. The first up to date which are
edition date (month year) printed centrally in the upper hand corrected in the
margin. old issues.
________ combines plane sailing solutions when there are traverse sailing
two or more courses and determines the equivalent course
and distance made good by a vessel steaming along a series
of rhumblines.
124
The angular distance of the body above the rational True altitude
horizon. An arc of the vertical circle which passes through
the body contained between the rational horizon and the
body is called:
What are leaning type of letters in Nautical charts used underwater and floating
for? features
One of the factors which affects the circulation of ocean Varying densities of
current is: water
This is defined as the speed the molecules making up the velocity of escape
atmosphere in order to overcome the force of gravity.
When a warm air mass overtakes a cold air mass, the warm front
contract surface is called a:
What is the distance from the bottom of a wave trough to wave height
the top of a wave crest?
Appendices of the Planning Guide contains the following wind force and current
information EXCEPT: sets
Which publications can give you an accurate information World port index
on the availability of repairs you need in a particular port?
125
What publication contains information about the port World Port Index
facilities in Cadiz, Spain?
126