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5.4. REI)Ur;;AO DO CALCULO 1)1> Ul\IA [NTEGR,\L TRWI",\ A UMA INTEGRAL DUPLA

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COORDENMMS ESPE.RICAS

o ftart-Ill:} dt: mtJd.nnfiH de; \·r:tn~Ycl[" ~C1 rmegml £I up I [I. C"'IC't1dt~!i'C '...:n\ uenhurnn t1loiJilifi ('~olfi pon mt"g"'~I" Irmlll'\..

Teo,rt.ma «Ie mmJOl'fo fir L'tmd"r."1,,,," ll".H m'(lI;,NlI irip'at. SeJ;i 'rft. HeR' ........ R', n abcrnu. de l.'!'IM\C Cl •. sendo ip lbdn pllf (" )'. ~J ... 'P ttl, ~'I "Il. ~Om}l -..: r lit, ".111'1 ~'=,.. (.,~ 1', 140') t.: ~ lh, i,', .. ·j,-SII.'IJlllil>4-10111 CoCiI"ldL1 em n, IJ~_.... CQnl(~tiCIO ~ corn ff\lrl''''''

lOt de conicliJ"uuh'j~ ~J!l IJu IInuRfm"h: IJ",.,., 1'IC'lti t/J. Sll]'IIIlnh;:uuQ\quC' 'P \ fill"'" ) 8

., I'· .J - . ,,(,r, ". ~I 0

elJ"": fP ~"'t Im'cr"h'c n~t uucnnr . e I.J.N1,tC Supt.1n~._u.uUh~. runtb._ que d(rl. ~" ~f) .

pam todo ( ... \'. w) eli.,,.. No.1", .nndi",.,., ... fl." 'II. ,I for Inlegm,\'.I.rn II. <11!""

III lIf I a( •. :". ;:) I ' , ....

11 •• y."),I;,ll·'/~- fll{l(II.'·.~')) -,~-- 111'''·"-·

R ~. "~~~

t ... \' -:- ~ eli-:;..-:;; I

SoJrf~,"tt,,)'

rL'~lmnn~~. 1'~IU([~n~';1 ,Ill ... 'anrt ... '(!I~. yj ::::r .'.' ... ,~I _ :. ~,

/" I i 'I' -

r \ + ~.1 • ..::

It'_:

EX [MPLO J. (CVt.;,rdrm.nla,_\· t·,ifJt/f'IU.) eml", 11oOfl1O r = (x. 11. :l fiC!.! t!CU:I11Hnatlu PC;hl ':;'lJ.lL'e(U)rdr"tufnJ,Jt'_'.!~rn:ll,' CO. p, ~). onde tJco !inJ;uto entre: ") \'(:101' d/1" ::.. ~\. ", Chc\'l

seml-elxo pc!~ifrl\lo O~T. p r, C(!ImprirTII::lltJ}UQ vetcr OP l-;P L15llg\.lI[I emre c \tt'l~or -;;p. e u iIC;T'r'II ... .:tf,H' ~~III!VQ 0:,.

As c-oortk:11lIdas c.ane~iafllJS (.t. ).1, :) do pOlitO P it! ~u:l~ C'(J(J~dC!nllUw. csf~riC"ll~ rellu~i~ll:1im' 51! do seguinl" O1od,,:

{" ~ I'''''''!I' cos (I ,v ~ (J"a:oll ~~r:rll (J L.ilIi IJcm,'fJ.

:!iIIOD;.p CU~" ~i:h lI'!len II ~~ ..

I' c .. ~ tp cu.'i (11 p~'''J(loenll • -p ,~n 'i

1,1i![1 ~ cosil -en tp ~fI n (.'"0" ip-

eo- ~C"'S:8!

oo!!o ~ $CII f1 :1 p~ ,:i{'_11 Ii?

~~niF

SoJ.' S - {(O,": \i') ERJ 10 ",0 '" 'fl.,'" 0.0" ~ .. ~ l;~'" lI""""mcomp;lOIO. <On' rwntl':.ll"ol dlJ- con'-I!J!.IIJo nclc L:om.ldn em S,. flbs';fV;n;n9S que It !.ran~r~rnlil~!i.{i LI~t1:;)j [!'QrC) C:

IEw[:j)lrvlI;':l no i~ll;rll;lr .(J~ S ~ que, pam lollo (fl. J), ~) ern B~'h;. a(.,t. }' . .;) 'f.. fl. 8f.'!JB IJ 0,0. p. 'PI

ik Imas,ctllUc 8~N pelo l_r.mSfQnll(l~:il1J 0- Emilo. B C U lm;tgCnl dl! Hl~' peln !mllb.rnrnlll~ ,'110 CD (\'crifi,!LJe:1. EnftlQ. se /(0,( COf:u1rw.a I.:JTl 8

IfJ"f(.r,)".:j ,L,Jy<h ~

II, I '(" >~~ I('COS~, p~1I </1,><.11 n. pm, lI')i sen 'P,JQ""d'l' • I'1-1!.,ojIII

•

.EXE_MPLO 4+ Se:ja B,O~~ um p~mltclepipcdo de ('tees parnleln.. ... nos. ptU'i1)!. 1i::000n.lt:ruHJ~ e de :ue5IB~ 4", 61"e !:iip. contiuo f10 onl1ljunlo,~ naim:L Scj(l/J'il, IIlNJg,em de B(J"I/;~)tln transr~umllqlil!).K.:::: psen q;cos 0. )'= p'sen "sen I}c;:: = pe(Js IP'- MU~lreqo.l! e:dSle.1 a •• PI' tI,' om Bf}ji.p>lalquc

" ... "

. ~."'::"

," :

, ,

,.., .. ,,!Xli • r-fIO ..... ,.,.· t -,]11--""

fli'l ti", 11\' .J: IIL.~ ,l ~~!U III ,10 "I) iii!/., RI.i.'I'IICUlIL'llkll Ju ~!illlir In~~IILi fl,W.1 illl~~~rUIIoj, C~'IIoIi,_" ['Itil ,II' 'f'11 ('nlll~lj.,~'li' (lUI::

III li~ .. t.!J11 .:plltl d" d~ j"T ~, .. su IrflL sn bp !1'1l, ".~

tOh'wC'tYC.-[ll,'" .il.IJ ~'J ~"f! t II V~lh!l1lL,i Ik "'.".,.", l r·"nunh" t.·.!tlJ>I': 111._ "1· oPt) "fli If,~~.{ lui qU('

I' jIIj • ..I" "'~I" .\,( sun .. lINltr lt1t""nU' ~rJl"UI1ll. I(lCil ,iITN ,r..~Io' co

1It1'1,~. rl'~II"' ... i\1'l

U ~·.I"'iil"""" U ~ 1II1f1"li1'Il'otOl:':'PlIO'L"1' II II'rh,lIlilll' 1i1o. ~'IIII.Jrl~;t1(1i'\J1~ ,.tjlitf\ll.t'lli'l nl ,..4 .. , 111.\1or i'l tl l~ !If J.il" 01" ,~)tJ.o h /' t' ., 1I.io~ 1111 1I.",Jr-.'''''te.I~(''rl''I~I'''' ~,

"11IC," , Ie P.'l"i..~1lT1D1 ~ IIU f'l'~J(' rno Ck.lrJi'JlI~ ... l"'l\Cf\,'m, Ill"lo qtl,[J u IOnl\Llifi ® ~Jlh:' t"f\.~~k: 1.1 h,,,rrt'pi,) 4 ,,,., in,," v~lilln 111!:,'"~' QU1111!1t' Ii~'i' ",'lv~I.'t1O\lldlllll\ "lIljunl'llill h'<l," (1\ I'lI'li";

Ilu~ (I. I! 2 ". I' ,ne 0 'I' If, (Verit1q,uc.)

EXY.MPI.O~. (,.lc .. l~ II rna"iI d. clro", ,~ t i ~ ,2 I, ~UI~~bl(' 'IIle •• 1.n"J..,k ",' polito t~, l, r) illlIO.t l,IIMArwh! ~'I( >!mll> A <1I'I1.m,

M ~ IJJ8~'~ -r y' + ~-y rI.< .(",1:

of ide I), ~ :Ii c. .. feru vI.! +\';: -:I- =.:. ~I. PlJx .. .=IIndo Ilam Cfl(,rtl!tnl.ula."i 1!~1~n-cu.". Q"~e.m~l):S:

•

{"~:-~'-\' I'=.l' + )'+.: 1\" =~

f;XEM,P.LO 6. Cnleule flI vclutne etc ~"OnjuniQILII!: iCido,1, (,t. }'.;;:\ nai5 'IUl"

UlllIJforma O~ ptanos

~~.f'''J'C:l:=.t+)lt2:

j" = < -,

l' .,. r t :.

""-,

A l:on<fI~·:1p \ ~ 1I'~Cl.lfrem 11" - 1'): Il. ccmdi"il1_" t;'l u..c1!fJI!UI

- 2,u' - r/"l I' ~ o .

~n" 'I - "

... 4>::' .

. :~ -. ..._... .. /..... /---.-- ... -----.~

. . .

Temos

0 0
J(;r. y. ~) = -I
a(I •. ,·. w) 1
II
1 10.

•

Logo.

EXEMPLO 1. C.~""I"

"""" B ~ 0 conjunlo de 100'" ~I'. ,I'. :) I.i, ~U.

So/lIfiJo

~/I)'iJ~ = ,lsen ip/l",II"IIII.

Vcj:nnlJ;' C_jllll,) Ilcn {J e'lUI.rrl.il~ do ;p;.1r.lool(ild~ em L'IJlllr'lLiol!!lllg,lLiiO c!'fle..nl;!."~: (l',('~s..;: _ ~? ,~"f:I'I:: ~ col' {J + IJ": ~n:: .tI'i.(:II: o

4.'lU ~JD

1.:1&15 t;l o= ~-.-

,!;w- ..p

• o conjunr« 8 c.oblid~,. pilil:1 f'Ol:ru;ffot!.lJ mgilln ha[.bnt1J.da. c:m tome dQ gU;O;' (Ob~f"iC'quc

:; -:: ,/.-(l + ,,1 e uraa ;supcrfid1.:. C{U"1iClJ. obtida pela rOHt~ftlJ d~l retn

1,=,'

,\' = fl

P.r" <1"1, (0. 1') r. ~ o, elm. !l

"""" lJ/¥j.1! 0 co"Junto de I,>do. (0: '" p) ... 1.. 'I""

onde. K ~ n r'etfingulo (j -e Ii -s 1 rr, '1T ~.

4" "'·/"·'i·

Segue QUe.

If (;0 .... '" rp 1":: sen'! II 1"

• --- dm - 11 til - -:i MC~l u(~ec,2" _ Ill"., .

.!!. sen' fP -r- - 0 cos" Ij I - ,I:)

4

Paru {'r~kll'nr ~i ul(irna in(~gntl. UlHlizc a r6mlluIiJ de rcccrrencln

J sec".A' ttf ~ _1- 5'(:(;'" -'J;.f tg,.r + tJ ~ '1 J SCC,,-l -"fir.

J~ -I n- I

{Vcju Excrdcio 2n da. pdg. J60 do Vol. 1.5,' cdi,:Lo.)

•

EXEMPLO 8. Colculc " m •• sa do sOlido

pCOS If' - I

----------------~

.\<:ndo n dcnsidade no porno l.t. J. zl i!luJd h disIJ1.nci" do pom"" origem .

. I)nd. 8 ~ 0 conjunto (D .

. $alurdO

A cq~no dQ plano ... I em coondcn.dllS c,r~ric", 6

.~ _1-
ec ••
1
- -,
" , OU,:.CJII

p...", coda (0. <p) ih". 001'0 (l <;" /1..: 21tc n ... '" "'" ~" .. levcr.l vonllrdc _1_ a~l",,'~

Ternes, cnl~O 4 ees ."

•

". J'

""";- ,,2

. ,

~J - 1)2 + (y - nZ t-.2 '" 2- ... ()f - Il~ + tl' - 11" 4- 1- - n! .. I

4 9" 4 'J '

Vamos, lnit::! .. lmeme, deslocar 0 CGI1I.rO do r;::lips6jd~ pilln. rI. t',ri.:t:.cm. P.fJi":I iltto h:lS\~ Fl1:'1.er ,~ nnHl~n~~ de v!lr,~v~l~

{" -.r-I

\' ")"-1 11: -- ~-l

QU 'iej~

{'~=I/+ 1 . y-\.+I t~ w+ I

118 UmCN.r:;m./rio C~"'rlrJ.,_ VOl(. J

1"1 t ... \'. ::J O'tu, I'. i."

V'I,m?~'1 i:lg_tJn:l:, I pln!irOf1lT!.lJf oil c9njurllt9 @ em 'I-Ima ~rer'(!l" Ptlffi i ~L~ basta r~r ,[I mud1L11- \-iI de '~~LrH:h,'cl_,.

{" ~ 2X

,'~JY u." = z.

rc.suha

JJL "/~ 1/," d: - 6 JJJI~!Z + I) dX dl' liZ

x~ + yl + Z! -s I.

u .. _ o~..; z~, tt -.; T - .. 1::'. U .. ~ r -

'rem .....

StIlt ~~tlro.'d:' - :12r. J~~ [1: (,_} I:l1"~"'_ jJ'~l """I:tl.:. il"1 dr,;:; :::;:rr J~ l::l ro'i. IP'oq!n ~ + ..... con to;"d~

DO ciipil4li,"

:t-l"Utl4) JJ o eonjumc

? ,~+,'(2~;-;l"'::'R:.~J:::,:l_ ,1_)-~n.:.~~~1

I{jn41~ n <. r -c R C.II s» 0 s:Uf) f("';"l~.ii dDdb~; f H ~ R C ~up', .. t-ll Cf'iUlf"u.1 P'I.'I::'~ l",lt"a i:'OOrtlr+ 1M::J.b",;r; .. r~rli;".a. ...

SMJjr"il4

: = -}; \I~ + ;r I.lym&l '!~TfiC:lc ... i'nlkiU~i!nl~_I:tpf.tl1l\,)I~l~O_l!ni!i1nwit.lcll:~)'U;:'.dlirt't;,

--

"'"'" cadn (0, .,,) Ij'Q.e"mfl..- 1/,"';i7rcu '" "'"'"1'\1("'11- """gn). pJ.,'or.h"riorct.,.11 R. Temus, ~nINf'

-,

JIfnfl'" .1',;:1 tf.I dydz = fIll' [r 1;(0. 'P. ,J')pz sen <P "/I] dlM;p oolle Kf Qrnflnga/o,O ~ 0 ... 2'1r. 0.,. '1''':; <Ai c

II ro. 'P, p) ~ J!x •. \'. 1] ~OIJI.' = psen "COS O. Y = II"'" \Dscn lie: ~ pCIlS 11'.

lilP'rI'klm$J =======================

I.Cnk",JC'

II' ffJ~ rd.J rl) d~(\nJcIii!:oofut'lJlI.tl~L' I .. 0..) +)~ -i- :!~4_

/tj IlL! oIlt dl' 0/:. 1I11t11!.11,f H«mJ()t1I~ U 'IIIi. ~ + ~l' ... _ l' ~ .I,,':';;'" 11

d IIJ,6I l.ill fly o.J.; tmde.RoI: fH't~lJUtll(1 4 + f T:/ -e: :1, ''-'" (J

r1) fILl' ":.1 To" ti'.!1 +~"-J:d~dJ'J:-oOOdt:BE.!Ir.;l!mnt ... ~+", .... ~n'lCiiI+4-;_"_! t'O':;:!!i; I

"'I IIlu ~ r/,rdyfl:. Q:t'ldli:: fJ~ OC"{lMJUntu.::.. _1.1 -I- \.! _ S~ 1- \~ +!.~ ~ I

J) J f fir "J _10- i';! +:ii! II" dv ~J:r. f'ttliJe I) e:J 1_,,~~A\t I 0.1:1 ~Jllj,"C:'o!r~l-" ..If.! -+ I) -+ ._l e ~, .;. ~ O. l'tJIUI 0 tIHn(hoJ..1-r )):-z; I.

a icoso -p<4!n/l O~i

(i. y, Z) ~ Kill 0 P ees /I

a(p:. II, t) (l 0

,.2 \'~ ~~

.2 C.llJCUI~Oi V~IU.1l1i!' duellp:-:6Id~ :;r +- ~ +;r ... I,

J_ C .. I(:i.tllC- 1lI n'tll~SOI UO :s4:lido A' + J,t + l :;;: I I;l: = Wt- .. i -' ~l. • ~Ull(ln~kft qUI! II LlfftM,l!I.iI.; nO

penm G,I. j', :l c pJtIputoiCmd:l diltitL1nc.~ de e, te pon!o an IllrU1Q,IV,

~, ClfIl~!d Ie: ~ YIilIIlI.lT.!t; do l;"","flJUflit~ ~... ,D ~ + :r1 ,i: T ,~'). + ;.,1 .. ~th~ (..-;I ~ (~)

,), C.lcuh: (J volume-do "li1ruu,nlQ:_ ~ \(".1 -+ )'J k': _~ + }'). T :.~ 1iii ~jU (j'j ~ OJ

5.6. COOIIDENADAS CI1JNDRICAS

C.nd>D panro P'!!!!: (.1;, .\'. ~) ficu dCCcfihii:nJi(lti p-eILLS SiJ.l!" ,r::n-ul'ilem'l(#Lrr~n(nd;';C:{/;Ji 'p. e. :.,. oode pCio eomprimeutn do veror OJ? I:::: f._f, I'. 0) ~ l~o [lrlgult) entre ~S[~ veror c osclni~cb:o iK'Ii~,o Ox, As coofde~f,da~c"flc~~r",:lS (.1', J'. OJ dr, ponte I', ~ua~ coord"n"dM cilimlricos 1't'IiIIdonaJn-~c do seguiruc modo

{~ ~ ,<cos II )' = p Son 0 z----:,

Obsenoeq~CD lron.fo",". 0 pa_nilelopfpodo 0,,", p;;; r: 0 orQ ;;; hr. U '" ; .. .I, n~ ciUndm }+; .. (loO .. ,";/1.

Q ~rminrllll~jll<=<>biano de (j) t! dodo I""

f:xm.If'LO J. Cul""I~ IfL i,l + y~ + ." 1i",I\" If' lUlrl" /I ~ o cilindro .,'.~ / ... 1.1l .~ z '" I.

{,~ = Ii CO~ II \'~I)~Ctll) Z~~

o .. P'o; I. II .; ,0 ,,; 2.". C Q : <= I.

1,2'1'

d6", 2'11' u

Por outro Judo.

A

i (I J I J Ju (I + <~): d: - 12

V.umm. 'J,~Ur.;I"oCJ"cufllr ~I' (I + :!J: I f

jI,~ , - nz, .tt.cil1dljJl Q. mbl'iollU1{JI III.: 'l'an!h'd:. = Ie a~ ubtc.

"''''

uti sel~,

•

I ~cHtJdf)= -.-1- ~c"n-1I}lg.(J+ 11:-'2, J:s.e~I!I-:!(JttO

'l-[ rr-I

rlt.suJm

. .

l' '"'0 [I) 3 ~ IJ

;;eC~ ()Q = --:;-!oce OlgO+--8~cc:fJlgO-l-oln;~O+'L~m ,"

'II.. 0-

00"'1'.

e-

1" s J'i hri 3 I r. )

; "Co B,ill; -2 + 0=- + -so In ~2 + 1 .

I} f1

EXBMPLO l. Ulilizarido cOOfdcitilda,. ~llrllllrkilll. clilcut~ IJ ,01"11JIO do \<'Ilid(, 8 .m~o f':'1" 1+;_ 2.1'..: 0.0 c.", X + Y"f ;aOe:r~ 0.

fJfn ..... IJ If II dO d: ~ f + ~ [unldade de volume) qu.: f 0 volume do ,Olido d.II1l,

{,_I=,.eC'O I' - p.!lii'U IJ

~ "" :.

Ponanto,

(,r=pr;o,o

),=psen() Z=-l

. ,

•

('prrllfn II,:J E 1 ..... tlllfldC'IJ'I~'Io~.hJ~rnrf!-.7.2!.(U"O,O- rr..: f et1-- ~ -, ,,"' ...... U .... /r~n.j~. ~-<;IJI j,r'rm.lo ..... "'lIll)tgt~ _~I<ln1

, ,~

, = 3. (.,,:! + 'I~)~

J -

I'';tt''{) ,1 ~I::n n

I ..... 11

J~2 +.:!. In (.J'i + 1\)

~ 8 /

fff' - ? (.Jf ]./2 , (r. 1)

. I.tl + ~.! - ;: flf'(/\·f/~ = ~ - + _-_ + :.... In "\,1 + I

I' 1 . 1~5 2 Ii S

onde KI'_~ oconjUJIUlO..: Ii'" _l_ en .. I/o;; 1!..

co,"1 4

,I, m~'1

·13

J) (11 . ..:1.)

. :1-1"

3. ill Volume = 2:11(1 (flru::l de 8). onde de: :1dl~t(mcu}4q"!:l]lft' de: In~s..~J d.: 8 (8 s(!.ldoolb." dO 1,;'()111C1 um corpo homogcll(,O)~, n!'1l) y::; _, "I 1 V411 = 2"~ .,}1

rl ~ ,,~ ,/"2

~ resposta dos exercicios

CM>i'rUL05

!!IIIA ••

IO)WI= JJJ.Ii .. d,'d:-¥

3-14 Um (iff':sIJ 11(" Ctik"IJJ - 10'0' j

Ib ,[ -rr ! ]

I)-d" ---

~ 2 3

Srrw~ ,,)-- 24

-I. ~ (III", ~.t .... )') d:u t!_~ d~;;;;; J L t 1- + I') t I - _~ - ,d d.t d~'. emJe:;t do Lri.tn,gL'!Ci ,l + \' -= B ..... ':J; j} c).';' U: f::l.;;o;L!tJ in'Lh,JI.1!1';Il de ~'[lnlhd ,.~ .. f" + \' I.: I' ill; .\.)

III. 1 I} + "~l tI: •• 1., rl: - k H, [I:, ... s I,' + ,,') d"] ,I.' 'I.', on.!.'\ ~ 0 <lreol.

... ~ kw

.r" + }"-.,, l Mfi 'fI, - Ii) , .)fLUe /.:.; Q COR)iuHl·1!l de prnpotdi'm •• lidode,

S.5

~,f .... 'lII \ = :!P~l1"'~;'; q,y=~ltps~n 9~n Q~'; == ()f~ 'i/lt'"Ol11

_..!. 'IIi u"; !!., n ..... ""~1':'C" (i~p liiii 1"T~ITl-.5(' III .r dA .J.\' (/:'.. = 3:rT

:: 2. J)

Inl~"~ilU - ... + ),.1' =". +'2: .. - ::;:C-'R' -;.

III ..... r;-;:-; ~~2;-=--;- j!J. rJ)" d:.. IC IfJr ... 17:; \r. tiJ~ (", fl,..

ondc:'Teul*tUl,l!'ll!'p'pcdfl IIIIiiiJj IIIIii ~.O"'l!; .'1I!!ii: lcO--=WIIiii I~

loiS

(Ob""""'1"C In" J, :1 -1 ) (1Itt,V,w)

:,J,td)'d.~ h;. 8

J. 'ffi)J

5.7

2 1

'j' L M, "n~. !vi C "nl""u d.u 0"00 •

.5, P"demo' ."por Iluc P centro .t< In"~" J" 00'1'" 6 ><Ju " ""I'<Ill. e que u <;"0 quo 1"'-"'" pclOetRlm de "1:",,.1 "'j. ,"'i~,,;:.Ent.'" 1._ - HS (\: + ,.! 1.1",· Co"'-'i~'''''"''''''ll<''''' "d~" , ~ "'. _I' s II. COil' I'~ 5 ,,2 + 1,1. 0 ,"(.[.:01" J< ,n~"m com ",I •• 0. <,.!< <'xo

H ~ JIJ~ 1(.11 _ <oIl + ~\" - I)ll d", T er o1o.m ",,,"qu,, HL · ,1., = Jnn \'"'" ~ D.

mullD ,_ I,., + MI,l