Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Presented by
Abhishek Singh-R590210002
Amber Chourasia-R590210003
Lalita Khaklary-R590210012
Naman Gutpa-R590210016
Uthamaveeran S-R590210021
Varun Kumar -R590210022
AGENDA
Conclusion
2
INTERNATIONAL LIQUIDITY
Ø
History of International liquidity
Contd…
5
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY
RESERVES
6
INTERNATIONAL LIQUIDITY
FACILITATION
of commercial banks
foreign exchange assets of non-
residents
long-term foreign bonds of the
residents
possibilities of the banks to get 7
Primary Liquidity
Subsidiary Liquidity
Ad hoc Liquidity
8
PRIMARY LIQUIDITY
Systemic imperfections
Ratchet effects
13
Rapid reserves growth
Levels of Assessment
14
Exchange rate volatility
15
Potential Source of Instability
16
Volatile capital flows
18
Constituents of International
liquidity
19
Inadequacy of International
liquidity
20
Policy Guidelines
21
08/10/11 International Liqutity and Reserves problems
22
SOLVING INTERNATIONAL
LIQUIDITY PROBLEMS
BALANCE OF PAYMENT
ADJUSTMENT
23
CONSISTENCY OF THE SYSTEM AND
CONFIDENCE
24
MECHANISMS FOR ESTABLISHING A CONSISTENT
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM
25
AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT MECHANISM
de fic it
Marginal
propensity to
import
Decreased
imports
Multiplier
Fall in Decrease in Decrease in
aggregate GDP domestic demand
expenditure
s Increased exports
Balanceof Decrease in
payments Fall in the deficit
deficit supply of
money
Decreased
Improved
Lower rate imports
competitiveness Price elasticities
of inflation relative to other
countries
27
Increased exports
N-1 SYSTEM
rie s with a surplus are unde r signific antly lo we r pre ssure to adjust the ir b
28
ASYMMETRY OF ADJUSTMENT
29
INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION
SYSTEM
30
MONETARY UNION
common currency becomes the only legal
tender in all monetary union member
countries
31
Bottom Line
32
REFERENCES
www.wikipedia.org
www.scribd.com
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THANK YOU