Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

Page 260-1

LECTURE 260 SHUNT-SHUNT FEEDBACK

(READING: GHLM 563-569) Objective The objective of this presentation is: 1.) Show how to identify the type of feedback topology 2.) Illustrate the analysis of shunt-shunt feedback circuits Outline Feedback identification procedure Shunt-shunt feedback with nonideal source and load Examples Summary

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 260-2

IDENTIFICATION OF THE FOUR, SINGLE-LOOP FEEDBACK TOPOLOGIES Two-Terminal Representation of a Single-Loop, Negative Feedback System
ii Signal Source + vi ifb + vfb Feedback Network of reverse gain = f Mixing Network ie + ve Amplifier of forward gain = a io + Sampling Load Network vo Network -

Fig. 260-01

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

Page 260-3

Feedback Topology Identification Procedure 1.) Identify the feedback loop by tracing around the feedforward and feedback path. Also check to see if the feedback is positive or negative. 2.) Identify whether or not the mixing network is series or shunt. If the signal source has one terminal on ac ground then: a.) If the input active device has one of its input terminals on ac ground, then the mixing network must be shunt. b.) If the signal and feedback sources are applied to different input terminals of the input active device, then the mixing network is series (this includes differential amplifiers where two devices form the input active device). c.) If the signal source does not have one of its input terminals on ac ground or to check the above steps, try to assign the variables xi, xfb, and xe on the schematic in such a manner as to implement the equation, xe = xi xfb If this equation can be written using voltages (currents) then the mixing circuit is series (shunt).
+ + ve + vi vfb Series
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

ifb ii

ie

+ + vi Shunt

ve

- + vfb -

Series

Fig. 260-02

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 260-4

Feedback Topology Identification Procedure - Continued 3.) Next identify the sampling circuit as series or shunt. If the load is grounded then, a.) If the out active device has one of its two possible output terminals grounded, then the feedback is shunt. b.) If the output active device has neither of its output terminals on ground and if the output signal is taken from one of its output terminals and the fed back signal from the other output terminal, then the feedback is series. c.) If the load is not grounded or to check the above test, identify the load resistor, RL, and apply the following test: i.) If xfb becomes zero when RL = 0, then the sampling network is shunt. ii.) If xfb becomes zero when RL = , then the sampling network is series.
io + ifb + vfb RL vfb Series RL ifb + vo ifb + vfb + Shunt + vo Fig. 260-03

Shunt

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

Page 260-5

Transistor Examples of Negative Feedback Topology Identification

1K 10K Q1 + 10K 1K Circuit 1 i2 i2 i1 + v1 2K M1 Q2 10K v2 5K 10K Circuit 3
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

i2 + i1 Q1 10K 100K M2

i2 +

i1 + v1 -

v2

1K 10K 1K

v2

v1 Circuit 2

i1 +

3K Q1 M2 1K 10K 1K 10K

v1 Circuit 4

v2 -

Fig. 260-04
P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 260-6

Shunt-Shunt Feedback including Source and Load Resistance Configuration:

i1
is RS + vi y22a y11a y12avo y21avi Basic Amplifier y11f y22f RL + vo -

i2 Shunt-Shunt Feedback Network + v2 Fig. 260-06

+ v1 -

i1 = y11v1 + y12v2 Feedback Network i2 = y21v1 + y22v2 where for the new basic amplifier, + + i1 | vi RS is vo y11 = v1 v2=0 = GS + y11a + y11f y11f y11a y21avi y22a y22f RL i1 | New Basic Amplifier y12 = v v1=0 = 0 2 y12fvo i2 | y21 = v v2=0 = y21a Fig. 260-05 New Feedback Network 1 i2 | y22 = v v1=0 = GL + y22a + y22f 2 vo v2 (-y21a/y11y22) -y21a a = i1 = A = 1+af = 1+(-y21a/y11y22) y12f a = y11y22 and f = y12f is
y12fvo y21fvi ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

Page 260-7

Feedback R Network F Zif + ii v1 Op Amp zi avv1

ifb Zof zo RL + vo

Equivalent Feedback Network ii'

Zi

ifb' = RL vo' RF v'o RF (Use primed variables to indicate open loop) Fig. 260-08

Basic Amplifier + zo v1' zi RF ' - avv1

i1 ' | -1 It is easy to show that f = y12f = v2' v1'=0 = RF The forward gain, a, is ziRF vo' vo'v1' -av(RF||RL) ziRF -avRFRL a = ii' = v1' ii' = zo+(RF||RL)zi+RF = zoRF+zoRL+RFRLzi+RF
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

where ifb' = 0
P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 260-8

Example 1 Continued The loop gain is zi avRFRL T = af = zoRF+zoRL+RFRLzi+RF The closed-loop gain is ziRF -avRFRL z R +z R +R R z +R (-avRF2RLzi) vo a o L F L i F o F zi = (zoRF+zoRL+RFRL)(zi+RF) + avRFRLzi ii = 1+af = avRFRL 1+z R +z R +R R z +R o L F L i F o F The closed-loop input impedance is ziRF Zi zoRF+zoRL+RFRL zi+RF Zif = 1+T = zi avRFRL avRL 1+zoRF+zoRL+RFRLzi+RF The closed-loop output impedance is Zo zo||RF||RL Zof = 1+T = zi avRFRL 1+zoRF+zoRL+RFRLzi+RF If av = 200,000, zi = 2M, and zo = 75, RF = 1M, and RL = 10k, then T = 133,333, Zi = 2||1 = 0.667M Zif = 5, Zo 75 Zof = 0.563m and A = -999,992
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II P.E. Allen - 2002

ii

Fig. 260-07

Example 1 Inverting Op Amp Find the closed-loop transfer function, A, the closed-loop input resistance, Zif, and the closed-loop output resistance, Zof of the shunt-shunt configuration shown. The op amp has a differential input resistance of zi, voltage gain of av, and output resistance of zo. Solution Equivalent circuit:

RF

vout RL

Zo +

Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

Page 260-9

Example 2 Transistor Feedback Amplifier VCC For the amplifier shown, find v2/v1, v1/i1, and v2/i2. Assume that Fig. 260-09 R3= gm = 5mS and rds = for the MOSFET and r1 = r3 =1000 20K M2 and F1 = F3 = 100 for the BJTs. i1 i2 Solution Q1 + + 1.) Find the feedback topology and polarity of feedback. Q3 v2 The loop consists of base-collector of Q1, gate-drain of M2, and v1 R1= R2= R4= base-collector of Q3. A positive change at the base of Q1 gives 1K 100 10K a - and the gate of M2, which gives a + at the base of Q3, which gives a - at the base of Q3. feedback is negative. 2.) The mixing circuit is shunt because only the base terminal of Q1 is connected to the input and feedback. Note that iC3 = ifb and iB1 = ie ie = ii ifb. 3.) The feedback circuit is shunt because the output transistor (M2) has one of its possible output terminals on ac ground. Also, if RL = R4 goes to zero, ifb = 0. i2 4.) Draw the ib3 ib3 closed-loop circuit i1=ii ie + r3 and small-signal Q1 ifb M2 + R1 ifb ib1 ie=ib1 i2 R3 = i1=ii model. v
v1 Q3 R1 = 1K R2 = 100 20K R = 4 10K
2=vo

+ v1 -

r1 R2

+ R3 vgs2 R4 gm2vgs2

+ v2=vo -

Fig. 260-10

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 260-10

Example 2 Continued 5.) AC open-loop model is drawn by, a.) Looking back into the feedback network (Q3,R1) to the left with v1 = 0. b.) Looking back into the feedback network (Q3,R1) to the right with v2 = 0. The result is,
i1'=ii' + v1 ib1' r1 R2 R3 ib1' + ib3' vgs2' gm2vgs2' r3 i2' + v2'=vo' ifb' ib3' R1 R4 Fig. 260-11

6.) Next, find a and f. vo' vo' vgs2' a = i ' = v ' i ' = -gm2{R4||[r3+(1+3)R1]}(-3R3) = (-45.54)(-2x106) = 91.07M 1 gs2 1 vo' ifb' 3 f = vo' , iB1 = r3+(1+3)R1 ifb' = 3iB3 f = r3+(1+3)R1 = 0.98mS ( 1/R1)

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

Page 260-11

Example 2 Continued 7.) Calculate Ri and Ro. v1' Ri = i ' = r1+(1+1)R2 = 11k 1 and v2' Ro = i ' = R4||[r3+(1+3)R1] = 10k||102k = 9.107k 2 8.) Find v2/v1, v1/i1, and v2/i2. vo 91.07M a 1 = 1+T = 1+89.287x103 = 1019.2 (Note: f = 1020) i1 v1 Ri 11k Rif = i1 = 1+T = 1+89.287x103 = 0.1243 v2 Ro 9.107k Rof = i = 1+T = 1+89.287x103 = 0.102 2 Now, v2 v2 i1 v2/i1 1019.2 v1 = i1 v1 = Rif = 0.1243 = 8204.5V/V

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 260 Shunt-Shunt Feedback (3/5/02)

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 260-12

SUMMARY We have shown how to identify the type of feedback topology Illustrate the analysis of shunt-shunt feedback circuits Procedure 1.) Identify the type of feedback topology 2.) Draw the schematic for the closed-loop amplifier 3.) Break the feedback loop by replacing the feedback network with the resistance seen looking into each end of the feedback network with the other end shorted. 4.) Draw a schematic of the open-loop amplifier with all variables primed. 5.) Solve for a, f, Ri, and Ro. 6.) Calculate A and Rif and Rof by the following formulas: Ri Ro a A = 1+T , Rif = 1+T , and Rof = 1+T 7.) If necessary, use the results of 6.) to find the desired closed-loop transfer function.

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

P.E. Allen - 2002