Seidel, Gruene, Borte

Medical Classifications
pocket

Brm Bruckmeier Publishing

Preface to the First Edition

Medical scores, criteria, and classification systems support clinical decision making and management. They enable the clinician to predict outcome, stratify risk, assess conditions, and diagnose diseases accurately. However, it is often the case that the relevant references are not at hand at the times they are needed, and looking up scores, criteria, and classifications in specialty textbooks and publications is often time consuming and, therefore, impractical. Scores & Classifications pocket is intended to be used as a daily companion for clinicians of all types. We have included the most practical scores, evidence-based criteria, and classifications to help the clinician in his or her daily routine. The classifications, criteria, and scores we have used in this book are self-explanatory. Complex algorithms were simplified whenever possible and deemed necessary. Total scores can be calculated by simply adding up the respective points. Of course, a book of this size cannot be comprehensive but we have attempted to cover all relevant specialties. We hope that you will enjoy the book and that it will support your clinical decision making and management on a daily basis.

Bastian M. Seidel, M.D. Stefan Gruene, M.D. Michael Borte, M.D., Ph.D.

November, 2005

5
1.
1.1.
1.1.1.

Cardiovascular
Hypertension
Classification of Blood Pressure (adults m18 years, JNC 7)

31
31
31

1.2.
1.2.1. 1.2.2. 1.2.3. 1.2.4. 1.2.5. 1.2.6. 1.2.7. 1.2.8. 1.2.9. 1.2.10. 1.2.11.

Coronary heart disease

31
31 32 32 33 33 34 34 37 38 39 40 41 42

Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Functional Classification of AP Original Braunwald Classification of Unstable Angina Updated Braunwald Classification System of Angina Pectoris Chest Discomfort, Diamond Classification Unstable Angina, Risk Stratification TIMI Score for Unstable Angina and Non-ST Elevation MI Framingham Risk Score for Predicting Coronary Heart Disease Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III Score for Predicting CHD in Men ATP III Score for Predicting CHD in Women Clinical Score to Estimate the Probability of Coronary Artery Disease Noninvasive Risk Stratification in Patients with Suspected Ischemic Chest Pain 1.2.12. Risk Model for In-Hospital Mortality after ST Elevation MI or Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome 1.2.13. Risk Model for Predicting Mortality in Patients with Non-ST Elevation MI Treated with or without GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

1.3.
1.3.1. 1.3.2. 1.3.3. 1.3.4. 1.3.5. 1.3.6. 1.3.7. 1.3.8.

Myocardial Infarction
Likelihood of Acute MI in Patients with Chest Pain and Left Bundle Branch Block Killip Classification of Heart Failure in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Risk Stratification in Patients with First Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction Coronary Artery Perfusion (TIMI Grades) Scoring System for Assessment of Reperfusion after Thrombolysis Non-Q Wave Myocardial Infarction Prediction TIMI Score for Predicting Mortality in Patients with Acute ST Elevation MI Predictors of Cardiogenic Shock after Thrombolysis for Acute MI

43
43 43 44 44 45 46 46 47

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1.4.
1.4.1. 1.4.2. 1.4.3. 1.4.4.

Contents
Heart Failure
Heart Failure Functional Classification (New York Heart Association, NYHA) Congestive Heart Failure, Framingham Criteria Score for Diagnosis of Congestive Heart Failure ABCD Staging of Heart Failure

48
48 49 50 51

1.5.
1.5.1. 1.5.2. 1.5.3. 1.5.4. 1.5.5. 1.5.6.

Arrhythmias
Ventricular Extrasystoles, Lown Classification Myerburg Classification of Ventricular Arrhythmias Point System for the Diagnosis of Long QT Syndrome Atrial Fibrillation and Risk for Developing Arterial Thromboembolism Atrioventricular Block, Grading Sinoatrial Block, Grading

51
51 52 53 54 54 54

1.6.
1.6.1. 1.6.2. 1.6.3.

Peripheral Arterial System

Pulse, Qualitative Grading Peripheral Artery Disease, Fontaine Stages Peripheral Arterial Disease, Rutherford-Becker System

55
55 55 56

1.7.
1.7.1. 1.7.2. 1.7.3. 1.7.4.

Chronic Venous Disease

Grading and Classification of Chronic Venous Disease (CEAP) Venous Disability Score Outcome Following Surgery for Chronic Venous Disease Varicosis, Clinical Stages (Widmer and Marshall)

57
57 58 59 59

1.8.
1.8.1. 1.8.2. 1.8.3. 1.8.4. 1.8.5. 1.8.6. 1.8.7. 1.8.8. 1.8.9. 1.8.10.

Thromboembolism
DVT Probability: Wells Score DVT Probability: Ambulatory Score System DVT Probability: Kahn Score DVT Probability: St. Andre Score System Reporting Standards on Venous Disease for Risk of Acute Lower Extremity Thrombosis Risk Assessment Profile (RAP) for Venous Thromboembolism in Trauma Patients Risk of Acute Lower Extremity Thrombosis in Trauma Patients Risk Factor Score for Venous Thromboembolism in Obstetric Patients Categories of Risk for Venous Thromboembolism in Surgical Patients Venous Recanalization after DVT, Phlebographic Stages (May and Nissl)

60
60 61 61 62 62 64 65 66 67 68

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1.8.11. Utrecht Bleeding Risk Score during Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism 69

1.9.
1.9.1. 1.9.2. 1.9.3. 1.9.4. 1.9.5. 1.9.6.

Valvular Disease
Heart Murmurs, Grading Tricuspid and Pulmonary Regurgitation, Grading Pulmonary Stenosis, Grading Mitral and Aortic Regurgitation, Grading Mitral Stenosis, Grading Aortic Stenosis, Grading

69
69 70 70 70 70 70

1.10.

Cardiomyopathies

71
71 71 72 73

1.10.1. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies, Types 1.10.2. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), Romhilt-Estes Score 1.10.3. Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia, Diagnostic Criteria 1.10.4. Cor Pulmonale, X-Ray Stages

1.11.
1.11.1. 1.11.2. 1.11.3.

Endocarditis, Pericarditis
Infective Endocarditis, Duke Criteria Prognostic Score for Adults with Left-Sided Native Valve Endocarditis Stages of Pericarditis (ECG)

73
73 74 74

1.12.
1.12.1.

Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic Fever, Jones Criteria

74
74

1.13.
1.13.1. 1.13.2. 1.13.3.

Aortic Aneurysms
Crawford Classification of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms Infrarenal Abdominal Aneurysms, Staging Aortic Dissection, Classification

76
76 76 77

1.14.
1.14.1. 1.14.2. 1.14.3. 1.14.4. 1.14.5.

Cardiac Interventions / Cardiac Surgery

Bedside Score for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality after a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Qureshi Score for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality after a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Risk Score for Predicting the Need for a Permanent Pacemaker after Cardiac Valve Surgery Risk Score for Predicting Vascular Complications Associated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) Parsonnet Score in Cardiac Surgery Patients

78
78 79 79 80 81

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1.14.6. 1.14.7.

Contents
Standard European System for Cardiac Risk Evaluation (Euro SCORE) Cardiac surgery Risk Index (Provincial Adult Cardiac Care Network of Ontario, PACCN) 82 84

1.15.
1.15.1. 1.15.2. 1.15.3. 1.15.4. 1.15.5.

Miscellaneous
Baxter Scale for Phlebitis Associated with Intravenous Cannulas Fat Embolism Syndrome, Gurds Diagnostic Criteria Outpatient Bleeding Risk Index ORBI for Predicting Risk of Major Bleeding in Patients on Warfarin Hypovolemic shock, Grading Acute Hemorrhage, Classes (American College of Surgeons)

85
85 85 86 86 87

2.
2.1.
2.1.1.

Hematology, Oncology
Aplastic Anemia
Aplastic Anemia, Grading

88
88
88

2.2.
2.2.1. 2.2.2. 2.2.3. 2.2.4. 2.2.5. 2.2.6.

Leukocytosis / Leukopenia
Leukopenia, Granulocytopenia, WHO Stages Granulation Score for Neutrophils Agranulocytosis, IAAAS Diagnostic Criteria Prognostic Index for Early Death in Neutropenic Febrile Cancer Patients Neutropenia, Risk Groups Risk Score for Invasive Bacterial Infection in Pediatric Patients with Cancer and Febrile Neutropenia

88
88 88 89 89 89 90

2.3.
2.3.1. 2.3.2. 2.3.3. 2.3.4.

Thrombocytosis / Thrombopenia
Severity Score for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) Diagnostic Scoring System for Primary Thrombocythemia Score for Estimating the Likelihood of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) Immune Thrombocytic Purpura, Clinical Staging

90
90 91 91 93

2.4.
2.4.1.

Hemophilia
Hemophilia Type A, Severity

93
93

2.5.
2.5.1. 2.5.2.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Modified DIC Score (Internat. Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis) Disseminated Intravasal Coagulation (DIC), Stages

93
93 94

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2.6.
2.6.1. 2.6.2. 2.6.3. 2.6.4. 2.6.5. 2.6.6. 2.6.7. 2.6.8.

Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndrome International Prognostic Scoring System FPC Prognostic Score for Pediatric Myelodysplasia Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Dsseldorf Score Bournemouth Score for Prognosis for Myelodysplastic Syndrome Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Sanz Score Combined Score for Patients with Myelodysplasia Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Hannover Score PI Score for Myelodysplastic Syndrome

94
94 95 95 96 96 97 97 99

2.7.
2.7.1.

Polycythemia Vera
Polycythemia Vera, Diagnostic Criteria

99
99

2.8.
2.8.1.

Waldenstrms Macroglobulinemia
Predictive Scoring System for Waldenstrms Macroglobulinemia

100
100

2.9.
2.9.1. 2.9.2.

Multiple Myeloma
Myeloma, Diagnostic Criteria Myeloma, Staging

100
100 101

2.10.
2.10.1. 2.10.2.

AML / ALL
Acute Leukemia, French-American-British Cooperative Group Classification Leukemia, Criteria for Remission

102
102 103

2.11.
2.11.1. 2.11.2. 2.11.3. 2.11.4. 2.11.5.

CML / CLL
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), RAI Staging CLL Staging (Binet System) Negative Prognostic Factors for Staging CML Risk Score for CML Patients before Transplantation Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia, Prognostic Score

103
103 103 104 104 105

2.12.

Hodgkins- /Non-Hodgkins Lymphomas

106
106 106 107 108

2.12.1. Hodgkins and Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma, Ann Arbor Staging 2.12.2. Cotswolds Staging Classification for Hodgkins Disease 2.12.3. International Prognostic Index for Non-Hodgkins-Lymphomas 2.12.4. Prognostic Score for Patients with Advanced Hodgkins Disease

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2.13.
2.13.1. 2.13.2.

Contents
Neoplasms of the Head and Neck 109
Risk Score for Predicting Recurrence of Head and Neck Cancer 109 TNM Staging System for Cancers of the Oral Cavity, Hypopharynx and Oropharynx 109

2.14.
2.14.1. 2.14.2.

Thymic Neoplasms
GETT Staging System for Thymoma Classification of Thymic Epithelial Tumors

113
113 114

2.15.
2.15.1. 2.15.2. 2.15.3. 2.15.4.

Thyroid Neoplasms
Thyroid Cancer, Stages (Smedal 1967) Thyroid Cancer, MACIS System Thyroid Cancer, University of Chicago System Thyroid Cancer, Ohio State University System

114
114 114 115 115

2.16.
2.16.1. 2.16.2. 2.16.3.

Neoplasms of the Lung

Prognostic Index for Patients with Non-Small Lung Cancer Clinical Severity Staging System for Lung Cancer (Feinstein) TNM Classification for Lung Cancer

116
116 116 117

2.17.
2.17.1.

Neoplasms of the Esophagus

Grading of Risk for Adenocarcinoma arising from Barretts Esophagus

119
119

2.18.
2.18.1. 2.18.2. 2.18.3. 2.18.4.

Neoplasms of the Stomach

Early Gastric Cancer, Classification Borrmann Classification for Progressed Gastric Carcinoma Prognostic Score for Patients with Gastric Carcinoma TNM Staging System for Gastric Cancer

120
120 120 120 121

2.19.
2.19.1. 2.19.2. 2.19.3.

Neoplasms of the Liver

CLIP Score for Prediction of Survival of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma The French Classification for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Okuda Staging System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

122
122 123 123

2.20.
2.20.1.

Neoplasms of the Pancreas

TNM Staging System for Pancreatic Exocrine Cancer

124
124

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2.21.
2.21.1. 2.21.2. 2.21.3. 2.21.4. 2.21.5. 2.21.6.

Neoplasms of the Colon and Rectum

Risk of Malignant Transformation in Colonic Adenomatous Polyps Modified Vienna Classification of Gastrointestinal Epithelial Neoplasms Prognostic Score in Colorectal Carcinoma Colorectal Adenocarcinoma, Duke Classification Modified Spigelmans Score and Classification for Duodenal Adenomas TNM Staging System for Colorectal Cancer

125
125 125 126 126 127 127

2.22.
2.22.1. 2.22.2.

Neoplasms of the Cervix Uteri

Classification of Cervical Pre-Malignant Disease Cervical Carcinoma, FIGO Staging

129
129 130

2.23.
2.23.1.

Neoplasms of the Endometrium

Endometrial Cancer, FIGO Staging

131
131

2.24.

Neoplasms of the Vulva

131
131 132

2.24.1. Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN) 2.24.2. Vulvar Carcinoma, FIGO Staging

2.25.
2.25.1.

Neoplasms of the Vagina

FIGO Staging of Tumors of the Vagina

132
132

2.26.
2.26.1.

Neoplasms of the Ovaries

Ovarian Carcinoma, FIGO Staging

133
133

2.27.
2.27.1. 2.27.2. 2.27.3. 2.27.4. 2.27.5. 2.27.6. 2.27.7.

Neoplasms of the Breast

Breast Cancer Recurrence Risk after Mastectomy (Simple) Prognostic Index for Women with Metastatic Breast Carcinoma The Triple Test Score (TTS) for Palpable Breast Mass Manchester Staging for Operability of Breast Cancer Metastatic Breast Cancer, Prognostic Criteria (Possinger) Van Nuys Prognostic Index for Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ TNM Staging System for Breast Cancer

134
134 134 135 135 136 136 137

2.28.

Retinoblastoma

140
140 141

2.28.1. Classification Systems for Conservative Treatment of Retinoblastoma 2.28.2. Retinoblastoma, stages

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2.29.
2.29.1.

Contents
Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma Staging (INSS)

142
142

2.30.
2.30.1.

Neoplasms of the Bladder

TNM Staging System for Bladder Cancer

143
143

2.31.
2.31.1. 2.31.2. 2.31.3.

Neoplasms of the Kidney

Wilms Nephroblastoma, Staging Renal Cell Cancer, Modified Robson Staging System TNM Staging System for Renal Cell Cancer

144
144 145 145

2.32.
2.32.1. 2.32.2. 2.32.3. 2.32.4.

Neoplasms of the Prostate and Testes

Prostate Cancer, Whitmore-Jewett Staging Testicular tumors, Lugano classification Grading Extent of Disease of Metastatic Prostate Cancer Involving Bone TNM Staging System for Prostate Cancer

146
146 147 147 148

2.33.
2.33.1. 2.33.2.

Neoplasms of the Skin

Malignant Melanoma, Staging Clinical: TNM Staging System for Malignant Melanoma

149
149 150

2.34.
2.34.1.

Sarcoma
Kaposis Sarcoma, Clinical Stages

151
151

2.35.
2.35.1. 2.35.2. 2.35.3. 2.35.4. 2.35.5.

Chemotherapy
National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea Oral Mucositis Associated with Chemotherapy (WHO), Grading Assessment of Chemotherapy Toxicity (WHO) Risk of Bleeding in Patients with Lymphoma or Solid Tumors Undergoing Chemotherapy Predicting Blood Transfusion after Chemotherapy for Solid Tumors

151
151 152 152 155 156

2.36.
2.36.1. 2.36.2. 2.36.3. 2.36.4.

Palliative Care / Oncologic Assessment

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Scale Palliative Performance Scale (PPS) Desire for Death Score in Terminally Ill Patients Geriatric Oncologic Staging

156
156 157 158 158

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2.36.5. 2.36.6. 2.36.7. Palliative Prognostic Index Performance Status Scale for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Play Performance Scale for Children with Cancer 158 159 160

3.
3.1.
3.1.1. 3.1.2. 3.1.3.

Respiratory
Dyspnea
The Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale The American Thoracic Society (ATS) Dyspnea Scale Dyspnea, Borg Scale

161
161
161 161 161

3.2.
3.2.1. 3.2.2. 3.2.3. 3.2.4. 3.2.5.

Asthma
Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Classification Prediction of Poor Response in Acute Asthma Attacks Asthma Severity Score Criteria for Bronchodilator Response Diary Card for Assessing the Quality of Life in Asthma Patients

162
162 163 163 164 164

3.3.
3.3.1. 3.3.2. 3.3.3.

COPD
Global Initiative For Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Classification of COPD British Thoracic Society (BTS) Classification of COPD BODE Index for COPD Survival Prediction

165
165 166 166

3.4.
3.4.1. 3.4.2. 3.4.3. 3.4.4.

Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Pulmonary Embolism, Classification Pulmonary Embolism, Wells Score Clinical Criteria for Diagnosing Pulmonary Embolism in Surgical Patients Geneva Score for Determining the Probability of a Pulmonary Embolus in the Emergency Department

167
167 167 168 169

3.5.
3.5.1.

Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Criteria for Diagnosis in Absence of a Surgical Biopsy

170
170

3.6.
3.6.1.

Sarcoidosis
Thoracic Sarcoidosis, Radiographic Classification

171
171

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3.7.
3.7.1. 3.7.2. 3.7.3. 3.7.4.

Contents
Miscellaneous
Revised Diagnostic Criteria for Methotrexate-Induced Lung Injury Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Severity Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Obliterative Bronchiolitis, Stages

171
171 172 172 174

4.
4.1.
4.1.1. 4.1.2. 4.1.3. 4.1.4.

Gastroenterology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
GERD, Savary-Miller Classification GERD, Combined Staging System Esophagitis, Los Angeles Classification MUSE Classification of Esophagitis

175
175
175 175 176 177

4.2.
4.2.1.

Esophageal Varices
Esophageal Varices, Grading

177
177

4.3.
4.3.1.

Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy

Endoscopic Grading Scheme

178
178

4.4.
4.4.1. 4.4.2. 4.4.3.

Crohns Disease
Crohns Disease Activity Index (CDAI) Harvey-Bradshaw Index for Activity of Crohns Disease Perianal Crohns Disease Activity Index (PCDAI)

178
178 180 181

4.5.
4.5.1. 4.5.2. 4.5.3.

Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative Colitis, Severity Score Ulcerative Colitis, Clinical Activity Index (Rachmilewitz) Ulcerative Colitis, Endoscopic/Histologic Staging

182
182 182 182

4.6.
4.6.1. 4.6.2. 4.6.3. 4.6.4. 4.6.5. 4.6.6. 4.6.7.

Liver Disease
Child-Pugh Classification of Liver Cirrhosis Chronic Hepatitis, Classification by Stage Knodell-Ishak Score (Histologic Activity Index) for Chronic Hepatitis Scoring System for Necroinflammatory Activity and Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis Types of Autoimmune Hepatitis Autoimmune Hepatitis, Diagnostic Criteria Grading and Staging of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

183
183 183 184 185 185 186 188

15
4.6.8. Alcoholic Liver Disease Combined Prognostic Index 4.6.9. Criteria for Liver Transplantation, Kings College Hospital, London 4.6.10. PGA index for identifying alcoholic liver disease 4.6.11. Nebraska Risk Score for Predicting Survival after Liver Transplantation 4.6.12. Score for Predicting Morbidity and Long-Term Mortality for Patients with Cirrhosis Undergoing Surgery 4.6.13. Methotrexat-Induced Liver Injury, Histological Grading 4.6.14. Hepatic encephalopathy 189 190 190 191 192 193 193

4.7.
4.7.1. 4.7.2. 4.7.3. 4.7.4. 4.7.5. 4.7.6.

Conditions of the Bile Ducts

Cystic Dilatation of the Bile Duct Mirizzi Syndrome, Types Pancreatic sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction, Milwaukee Biliary Group Classification Achalasia, Grading (Based on Barium Swallow) Predicting Mortality in Acute Cholangitis Post-ERCP Cholangitis, Grading

194
194 195 195 195 196 196

4.8.
4.8.1. 4.8.2. 4.8.3. 4.8.4. 4.8.5. 4.8.6.

Pancreatitis

196

Modified Imrie (Glasgow) Criteria for Predicting Severity of Pancreatitis 196 Ranson Criteria for Mortality in Pancreatitis 197 Balthazar Score for Severity of Pancreatitis 198 Scoring System to Distinguish Biliary from Alcoholic Pancreatitis 198 Chronic Pancreatitis, Stages 199 Post-ERCP Pancreatitis, Grading 199

4.9.
4.9.1. 4.9.2. 4.9.3. 4.9.4. 4.9.5. 4.9.6. 4.9.7.

Gastrointestinal Bleeding

200
200 201 202 202 203 204 206

Rockall Riskscoring System for GI Bleeds Scoring System for Predicting Hemorrhage from Esophageal Varices (Based on Endoscopic Appearance in Cirrhotics who Never Bled) Forrest Classification of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Blatchford Upper GI Bleeding Score Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Predictive Index for Upper GI Hemorrhage Scoring System for Predicting the Mortality Rate in Patients with Gastroduodenal Hemorrhage North Italian Endoscopic Club Score (NIEC) for Variceal Bleeding

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4.10.
4.10.1.

Contents
Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis, Stages

207
207

4.11.
4.11.1. 4.11.2.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Talley Criteria Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Manning Criteria

207
207 208

4.12.
4.12.1. 4.12.2. 4.12.3.

Appendicitis
Alvarado Score for Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis Teicher Score for Suspected Appendicitis Ohmann Appendicitis Score

208
208 209 210

4.13.
4.13.1. 4.13.2.

Peritonitis
Peritonitis, Stages (Feifel) Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI)

210
210 210

4.14.
4.14.1.

Constipation
Constipation Scoring System

211
211

4.15.
4.15.1. 4.15.2. 4.15.3.

Fecal Incontinence
Fecal Incontinence, Grading Fecal Incontinence, Stages (Kirwan-Parks 1987) Fecal Incontinence Grading and Scores (Pescatori)

212
212 213 213

4.16.
4.16.1. 4.16.2.

Anorectal Conditions
Hemorrhoids (Piles) Parks Classification of Anal Fistulas

214
214 214

4.17.
4.17.1. 4.17.2. 4.17.3. 4.17.4.

Miscellaneous
Moore Classification of Angiodysplasia and Arteriovenous Malformation Abdominal Ischemia, Stages Occlusion of the portal vein, stages (Auvert) Postoperative Ileus, Diagnostic Score

214
214 215 215 215

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5.
5.1.
5.1.1. 5.1.2. 5.1.3. 5.1.4. 5.1.5.

Metabolic, Endocrine
Diabetes
Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Mellitus, Diagnostic Criteria (ADA 2003) Insulin Resistance Score (IRIS II) Modified Whites Classification of Diabetes in Pregnancy Diabetic Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy, Classification (Sella) Diabetic Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy, Classification and Grading (Sanders)

216
216
216 216 217 217 218

5.2.
5.2.1. 5.2.2.

Metabolic Syndrome / Obesity

Metabolic Syndrome, Diagnostic Criteria Obesity, Body Mass Index (BMI)

218
218 219

5.3.
5.3.1. 5.3.2. 5.3.3.

Thyroid
Goiter, WHO Clinical Stages Thyrotoxicosis, Diagnostic Criteria Stages of Thyrotoxicosis

219
219 219 220

5.4.
5.4.1. 5.4.2.

Miscellaneous
Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (ADAM) Screening Gout, Stages

221
221 221

6.
6.1.
6.1.1. 6.1.2. 6.1.3. 6.1.4. 6.1.5. 6.1.6. 6.1.7.

Infections
Pyrexia / Sepsis
Pyrexia, Grading Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, SIRS Criteria Sepsis, Diagnostic Criteria SOFA Score (Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment Score) The Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS) Score Score for Predicting Bacteremia in Hospitalized Patients Index for Predicting Bacteremia or Occult Bacterial Infection in Adults with Acute Unexplained Fever

222
222
222 222 222 223 224 224 225

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6.2.
6.2.1. 6.2.2. 6.2.3. 6.2.4. 6.2.5. 6.2.6.

Contents
Pneumonia
Pittsburgh Pneumonia Prognostic Index for Community-Acquired Pneumonia Prognostic Score for Bacterial Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients Prognostic score for Elderly Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Community-Acquired Pneumonia Severity Scale Pneumonia Risk in Post Operative Period of Non Cardiac Surgery Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia, Clinical Classification

226
226 226 227 227 228 230

6.3.
6.3.1. 6.3.2. 6.3.3. 6.3.4. 6.3.5.

HIV
HIV Infection, WHO Clinical Staging System HIV Infection, CDC Classification HIV Frankfurt Clinical Classification HIV Dementia Scale HIV Encephalopathy, Clinical Staging

230
230 231 232 232 234

6.4.
6.4.1.

Meningococcal Infection
Clinical Prognostic Score in Meningococcal Disease

234
234

6.5.
6.5.1. 6.5.2. 6.5.3. 6.5.4.

Osteomyelitis
Cierny-Mader Staging System for Long Bone Osteomyelitis Weiland Classification of Chronic Osteomyelitis May classification of Osteomyelitis after Debridement Gordon Classification of Infected Tibial Nonunions and Segmental Defects in Osteomyelitis

235
235 236 236 236

6.6.
6.6.1. 6.6.2.

Toxic Shock Syndromes

Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome, Diagnostic Criteria Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome, Criteria

237
237 237

6.7.
6.7.1. 6.7.2. 6.7.3. 6.7.4. 6.7.5.

Miscellaneous
Pharyngitis Evaluation and Treatment Criteria Diagnostic Point System for the Clinical Diagnosis of Legionnaires Disease Clostridium Difficile Colitis, Grading Typhoid, Stages Prognostic score for Patients with Bacteremia Associated with Typhoid Fever

238
238 239 240 241 241

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6.7.6. Borreliosis (Lyme disease), Stages 6.7.7. Cellulitis, Classification 6.7.8. Score for Predicting Risk of HSV Type 2 Antibodies 6.7.9. Syphilis (Stages) 6.7.10. Tetanus, Stages (Eyrich) 6.7.11. Tuberculin Skin Test Reaction Grading 241 242 242 243 244 244

7.
7.1.
7.1.1. 7.1.2. 7.1.3. 7.1.4.

Rheumatology, Immunology
Osteoarthritis, Degenerative Arthritis
ACR Clinical Criteria for Osteoarthritis of the Hip ACR Clinical Criteria for Osteoarthritis of the Hand Radiologic Grading of Subtalar Osteoarthritis (Lateral View of Foot and Ankle) Degenerative Arthrosis, Stages

245
245
245 245 246 246

7.2.
7.2.1. 7.2.2. 7.2.3. 7.2.4. 7.2.5. 7.2.6.

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis, ACR Diagnostic Criteria Rheumatoid Arthritis, X-Ray Stages (Steinbrocker) Criteria for Clinical Remission in Rheumatoid Arthritis Index of Disease Activity (IDA) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Articular Index (AI) for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification of Functional Status in RA (ACR)

246
246 247 248 248 249 250

7.3.
7.3.1. 7.3.2. 7.3.3.

Spondylarthropathy
Spondylarthropathy, Amor Criteria Spondylarthropathy, ESSG Criteria Prediction of Long-Term Outcome in Spondylarthropathy

250
250 251 251

7.4.
7.4.1. 7.4.2. 7.4.3.

Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing Spondylitis, Early Diagnostic Criteria Score Ankylosing Spondylitis, Modified New York Criteria Ankylosing Spondylitis, X-Ray Grading

252
252 253 253

7.5.
7.5.1. 7.5.2. 7.5.3. 7.5.4.

Vasculitic Conditions
Wegeners Granulomatosis, ACR Criteria Takayasu Arteritis (ACR Criteria) Classification of Giant Cell Arteritis (ACR Criteria): Polyarteritis Nodosa, Diagnostic Criteria (ACR)

254
254 254 254 255
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20
7.5.5. 7.5.6. 7.5.7. 7.5.8.

Contents
Churg-Strauss Syndrome, Diagnostic Criteria (ACR) Hypersensitivity Vasculitis (ACR criteria): Henoch-Schnlein Purpura, Diagnostic Criteria The French Five Factor Score for Predicting Mortality in Polyarteritis Nodosa and Churg-Strauss Syndrome 255 256 256 257

7.6.
7.6.1. 7.6.2.

Systemic Sclerosis
Systemic Sclerosis/Scleroderma, Diagnostic Criteria Risk Model for 5-Year Survival in Patients with Scleroderma

257
257 258

7.7.
7.7.1. 7.7.2.

Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Clinical Staging and Grading of Graft-Versus-Host Disease International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR) Severity Index for Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease

258
258 259

7.8.
7.8.1. 7.8.2.

SLE, Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ACR Criteria Antiphospholipid syndrome, Classification

259
259 260

7.9.
7.9.1. 7.9.2.

Mastocytosis
Systemic Mastocytosis, WHO Diagnostic Criteria Systemic Mastocytosis, Classifications

261
261 261

7.10.
7.10.1. 7.10.2. 7.10.3. 7.10.4. 7.10.5. 7.10.6. 7.10.7.

Miscellaneous
Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis, Diagnostic Criteria Relapsing Polychondritis, Diagnostic Criteria Sjgrens Syndrome, Diagnostic Criteria Behets Disease, Diagnostic Criteria Angioedema, Staging Fibromyalgia, ACR Diagnostic Criteria Anaphylaxis, Severity

262
262 262 263 263 263 264 265

8.
8.1.
8.1.1. 8.1.2. 8.1.3. 8.1.4.

Musculoskeletal System
Osteoporosis
WHO Osteoporosis Criteria (DEXA Bone Scan) Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Instrument (ORAI) Fracture Index WITH Known Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Fracture Index WITHOUT Known BMD

266
266
266 266 267 268

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8.2.
8.2.1.

Pagets Disease
Pagets Disease, X-Ray stages

269
269

8.3.
8.3.1. 8.3.2. 8.3.3. 8.3.4. 8.3.5.

Soft Tissue and Muscular Conditions

Dupuytren Contracture, Stages (Iselin 1965) Staging of Overuse Injuries Scheme for Grading Ankle Injuries Ottawa Rules for Ankle and Foot X-Ray Ottawa Rules for Knee X-Ray

269
269 269 270 270 271

9.
9.1.
9.1.1. 9.1.2. 9.1.3.

Neurology
Muscle Function, Reflexes
Muscle Strength Grading, Medical Research Council Muscle Spasticity, Modified Ashworth Scale Reflexes, Clinical Grading

272
272
272 272 273

9.2.
9.2.1. 9.2.2.

Tremor
Essential Tremor, Severity Scale Asterixis (Flapping Tremor), Grading

273
273 273

9.3.
9.3.1. 9.3.2.

Coma
Glasgow Coma Scale (Adults) Coma Grades

274
274 275

9.4.
9.4.1. 9.4.2. 9.4.3. 9.4.4.

Cerebral Ischemia

275
275 276 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282
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Cerebral Ischemia (Stages) Modified NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) CHADS2 Score (Stroke Risk for Patients with AF) Score for Predicting Major Stroke or Death in Patients with TIA or Minor Stroke 9.4.5. Siriraj Stroke Score 9.4.6. The New ICH Score for Evaluating a Patient with a Stroke Complicated by Intracerebral Hemorrhage 9.4.7. NINDS 3-Item Scale for Prediction of Stroke Recovery 9.4.8. Modified Rankin Scale 9.4.9. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) 9.4.10. Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOS-E) 9.4.11. Allen Stroke Score

22
9.4.12.

Contents
Short-Term Risk of Stroke in Patients with TIA 283

9.5.
9.5.1. 9.5.2. 9.5.3. 9.5.4. 9.5.5.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Intracerebral Hemorrhage Grading Scale (ICH) Severity of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (Hunt and Hess) World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies Grading System for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Grading of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using CT Grading Scale for Evaluating the Neurologic Status in Patients with Subdural Hematoma

283
283 284 284 284 285

9.6.
9.6.1. 9.6.2.

Migraine
Migraine WITH Aura, Diagnostic Criteria Migraine WITHOUT Aura, Diagnostic Criteria

285
285 286

9.7.
9.7.1. 9.7.2. 9.7.3.

Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis, Diagnostic Criteria Kurtzke Functional Systems Score (FS) for MS Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) for MS

287
287 288 290

9.8.
9.8.1. 9.8.2. 9.8.3.

Diabetic Polyneuropathy
Diabetic Polyneuropathy, United Kingdom Screening Test Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Screening Score Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Score

291
291 292 293

9.9.
9.9.1.

Neuralgia
Scoring System for Postherpetic Neuralgia Risk in Patients with Acute Herpes Zoster

294
294

9.10.
9.10.1.

Facial Nerve
House-Brackmann Facial Nerve Grading System

295
295

9.11.
9.11.1. 9.11.2. 9.11.3. 9.11.4. 9.11.5. 9.11.6.

Miscellaneous
Diagnostic Criteria for Neurofibromatosis Myasthenia Gravis, Clinical Classification (MGFA) Peripheral Nerve Injuries, Grading (Sunderland 1978) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Clinical Stages (Gerl and Fuchs 1972) Performance Score for Patients with Polyneuropathy Concussion, Grading (Colorado Medical Society)

296
296 297 297 298 298 298

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10.
10.1.
10.1.1. 10.1.2. 10.1.3. 10.1.4.

Psychiatry
Depression
Sad Person Scale (Modified) Geriatric Depression Scale Clinical Rating Score for Depression Severity Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale

299
299
299 300 301 302

10.2.
10.2.1. 10.2.2. 10.2.3. 10.2.4. 10.2.5.

Substance Abuse
Substance Abuse, CAGE Questionnaire Substance Abuse, Perceived Benefits Scale Assessing the Seriousness of Adolescent Drug Abuse CIWA-A Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Scale Risk of Recidivism for Alcoholics after Organ Transplantation (University of Michigan Alcoholism Prognosis Scale for Organ Transplant Candidates)

303
303 304 304 305

308

10.3.
10.3.1.

Cognitive Impairment / Dementia

309
309 309 310 311 312 313

Ischemic Score to Separate Patients with Vascular Dementia from Primary Degenerative Dementia 10.3.2. Modified Ischemic Score (MIS) 10.3.3. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 10.3.4. Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) 10.3.5. Cognitive Impairment (the 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test, Kingshill Version 2000) 10.3.6. Clock Drawing Test for Detecting Dementia

11.
11.1.
11.1.1. 11.1.2. 11.1.3. 11.1.4. 11.1.5. 11.1.6.

Dermatology
Pressure Ulcers
Staging of Pressure Ulcers (NPUAP) Braden Score for Pressure Ulcer Risk Stratification Norton Scale to Stratify Risk of Pressure Sore Waterlow Scale for Stratification of Pressure Sore Risk The Sessing Scale Shea Staging System for Pressure Ulcers

314
314
314 314 315 316 317 318

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11.1.7. 11.1.8.

Contents
Yarkony-Kirk Staging System for Pressure Ulcers Pressure Sore Status Tool (PSST) or Pressure Ulcer Healing 318 319

11.2.
11.2.1. 11.2.2. 11.2.3. 11.2.4.

Wounds
Wound Healing Scale Stages of Wound Healing Wound Classification (National Academy of Science/National Research Council) ASEPSIS Scoring Method for Postoperative Wound Infections

320
320 320 321 321

11.3.
11.3.1. 11.3.2. 11.3.3.

Diabetic Foot
Wagner Classification of Diabetic Feet Diabetic Foot, University of Texas Classification System Risk Score for Predicting Progression of Foot Ulceration in Diabetic Patients

323
323 323 324

11.4.
11.4.1. 11.4.2. 11.4.3. 11.4.4. 11.4.5.

Miscellaneous
Atopic Dermatitis, Diagnostic Criteria Skin Types (Tanning) Erythema, Grading Acne Lymphedema, International Society of Lymphology, Grading

325
325 325 326 326 326

12.
12.1.
12.1.1. 12.1.2. 12.1.3.

Ophthalmology
Retinopathies
Hypertensive and Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy, Classification Diabetic Retinopathy Stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity

327
327
327 328 328

12.2.
12.2.1. 12.2.2.

Graves Ophthalmopathy
Graves Ophthalmopathy, Classification (NO SPECS) Graves Disease, Overall Activity Score

329
329 329

12.3.
12.3.1. 12.3.2.

Infections
Conjunctivitis Agent Prediction (Bacterial or Other) Trachoma, Diagnostic Criteria and Staging

330
330 330

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13.
13.1.
13.1.1. 13.1.2.

Nephrology, Urology
Renal Failure

331
331
331 331 332

Chronic Renal Failure Clinicial survival index for patients with acute renal failure needing dialysis 13.1.3. Prediction of Mortality in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Starting Dialysis

13.2.
13.2.1.

Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetic Nephropathy, Stages (Mogensen)

333
333

13.3.
13.3.1.

Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis, Stages

333
333

13.4.
13.4.1. 13.4.2.

Renal Cysts
Classification of Renal Cysts (Bosniak) Hereditary Polycystic Kidney Disease, Diagnostic Criteria

333
333 334

13.5.
13.5.1. 13.5.2.

Hydrocele / Varicocele
Hydrocele Varicocele, Grading

334
334 334

13.6.
13.6.1. 13.6.2.

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia, Clinical Grading International Prostate Symptom Score (American Urological Association)

334
334 335

13.7.
13.7.1. 13.7.2. 13.7.3.

Miscellaneous
Ureter Stones Score for Identifying Patients at Risk for Renal Artery Stenosis (RAS) and Renovascular Hypertension (RT) Interstitial Cystitis, Patient Symptom Scale

336
336 337 338

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14.
14.1.
14.1.1.

Contents
Gynecology, Obstetrics
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Gainesville Classification

339
339
339

14.2.
14.2.1.

Hirsutism
Grading of Severity of Hirsutism in Women

339
339

14.3.
14.3.1. 14.3.2. 14.3.3. 14.3.4.

Miscellaneous
Uterine Prolapse Mastopathy, Grading (Prechtel 1972) Endometriosis, (WHO) Adenomatous Hyperplasia of the Endometrium, Grading

340
340 340 340 341

14.4.
14.4.1. 14.4.2.

Prenatal Assessment
Cardiotocography Score (Fischer) Biophysical Profile (Ultrasound)

341
341 342

14.5.
14.5.1. 14.5.2.

Labor and Delivery

Modified Bishop Score Labor, Normal Stages

343
343 343

14.6.
14.6.1. 14.6.2. 14.6.3.

Miscellaneous
Pre-Eclampsia, Severity Score Placenta Previa Breech Presentation, Zatuchni-Andros Score

344
344 344 344

15.
15.1.
15.1.1. 15.1.2.

Pediatrics
Assessment of the Newborn Infant
Apgar-Score Silverman Score

345
345
345 345

15.2.
15.2.1. 15.2.2.

Assessment of Gestational Age

New Ballard Score to Estimate Gestational Age Petrussa Index to Estimate Gestational Age

346
346 348

15.3.
15.3.1.

Growth and Development / Nutritional State

Tanner Stages

348
348

27
15.3.2. 15.3.3. 15.3.4. 15.3.5. 15.3.6. Wellcome Classification of Protein-Energy Malnutrition Waterlow Classification of Wasting and Stunting Dehydration (Estimate) Scoring System for Classification of Severe Protein-Energy Malnutrition Rapid Nutritional Assessment Score for Malnutrition in Children 349 349 350 351 352

15.4.
15.4.1. 15.4.2. 15.4.3.

Central Nervous and Cerebrovascular System

353
353 353 354 355 355 356 356 357

Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Term Infants FATES Score for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Scoring System for Predicting Morbidity Secondary to Perinatal Asphyxia 15.4.4. Clinicial Severity of Acute Bilirubin-Induced Neurologic Dysfunction (BIND Score) 15.4.5. Kernicterus, Staging 15.4.6. Intracerebral Bleeding, Grading 15.4.7. Risk Factors for Recurrent Febrile Seizures 15.4.8. Levels of Mental Retardation

15.5.
15.5.1. 15.5.2.

Cardiovascular System
Score for Prediction of Congenital Heart Disease (Nedas and Fyler) Ventricular-Septal Defect (VSD), Grading

357
357 358

15.6.
15.6.1. 15.6.2. 15.6.3. 15.6.4.

Respiratory System
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, X-Ray Staging Score for Predicting Respiratory Failure in Children with Status Asthmaticus Clinicial Asthma Severity Score Asthma Severity Score

358
358 359 359 360

15.7.

Gastrointestinal System

361
361 363 364 365 365

15.7.1. Pediatric Crohns Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) 15.7.2. Clinical Score for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children 15.7.3. Classification of Congenital Bile Duct Cysts (Choledochal Cysts) 15.7.4. Radiological Evaluation of Constipation with Plain Abdominal X-Rays 15.7.5. Anal/Rectal Prolapse, Grading

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15.8.
15.8.1. 15.8.2.

Contents
Genitourinary System
Vesicoureteral Reflux (Identified by Micturating Cystogram) Grading of Hydronephrosis

366
366 366

15.9.
15.9.1. 15.9.2. 15.9.3. 15.9.4. 15.9.5. 15.9.6. 15.9.7. 15.9.8. 15.9.9. 15.10.1. 15.10.2. 15.10.3. 15.10.4. 15.10.5. 15.10.6.

Infectious Diseases
Scoring System for Respiratory Distress in Infants with Bronchiolitis Severity of Airway Obstruction in Croup Clinical Croup Score Pertussis Severity Scale Meningitis, Herson-Todd Score for Prediction of Morbidity Scoring System for Pediatric Meningococcal Disease WHO Clinical Case Definition of AIDS in Children Immunological Classification for HIV-Infected Infants and Children Severity of HIV Infection in Infants and Children Risser Stages for Iliac (Skeletal) Maturity Perthes Disease, Modified Waldenstrms Staging System Perthes Disease, Catterall Classification (1971) Epiphyseal injuries, Salter-Harris / Aitken classification Pediatric Trauma Score Trauma Scoring System for Children

367
367 367 368 369 369 370 370 371 371

15.10. Pediatric Orthopedics and Trauma

373
373 374 374 375 375 376

15.11. Pediatric Coma Scales

15.11.1. Childrens Coma Scale (<4 Years) 15.11.2. Childrens Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center (Seattle, Washington) Coma Scale (COHMC) 15.11.3. Edinburgh-2 Coma Scale 15.11.4. Pittsburgh Brainstem Score (PBSS) 15.11.5. Blantyre Coma Scale for Young Children

377
377 378 379 379 380

15.12. Pediatric Assessment of Pain

15.12.1. Modified Objective Pain Score (MOPS) 15.12.2. The FLACC Behavioral Scale for Postoperative Pain in Young Children

381
381 381

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15.13. Miscellaneous
15.13.1. 15.13.2. 15.13.3. 15.13.4. Majewski Score for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Kawasaki Disease, Diagnostic Criteria Congenital Hypothyroidism Score Reyes Syndrome, Clinical Staging

382
382 383 384 384

16.
16.1.
16.1.1.

General Health
Quality of Life
Quality of Life Index (QL index)

385
385
385

16.2.
16.2.1. 16.2.2. 16.2.3. 16.2.4. 16.2.5. 16.2.6. 16.2.7.

Activity, Disability
Modified 10-Item Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living Activity Level (Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey Activity Levels) Roland-Morris Disability Score Karnofsky Score WHO Performance Status Capacity Scale for Daily Living Frailty Scale

386
386 388 388 389 390 390 391

16.3.
16.3.1. 16.3.2. 16.3.3. 16.3.4.

Exertion, Fatigue
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Diagnostic Criteria (CDC) Rand Index of Vitality Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS)

392
392 392 393 394

16.4.

Nutrition

395
395 396 396 397

16.4.1. Involuntary Weight Loss, Evaluation 16.4.2. Clinical prediction score for patients with involuntary weight loss and nonspecific symptoms 16.4.3. Instant Nutritional Assessment 16.4.4. Nutritional Risk and Prognosis for Elderly Patients with Low Serum Cholesterol

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16.5.
16.5.1. 16.5.2. 16.5.3. 16.5.4. 16.5.5. 16.5.6. 16.5.7. 16.5.8. 16.5.9. 16.5.10.

Contents
Critical Care, Intensive Care Assessment
Ramsay Scale for Sedation of Intensive Care Patients Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) in Medical Admissions Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS) Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (MODS) Epstein Cardiopulmonary Risk Index (CPRI) Charlson Risk Index Arozullah Respiratory Failure Index 10-Point Comorbidity Index

397
397 398 398 399 401 402 403 404 405 406

16.6.
16.6.1. 16.6.2. 16.6.3. 16.6.4.

Intoxication
Stages of Alcohol Intoxication Stages in the Clinical Course of Acetaminophen Intoxication Clinical Classification of Carbon Monoxide Intoxication Severity of Stimulant and Depressant Poisoning and Drug Withdrawal

406
406 407 407 407

16.7.
16.7.1. 16.7.2. 16.7.3. 16.7.4. 16.7.5.

Pre Operative Assessment

408

ASA Classification (Health Index at the Time of Surgery) 408 Cardiac Risk Index in Noncardiac Surgery (Goldman) 408 Prediction of Blood Transfusion in Knee or Hip Joint Arthroplasty 409 Cardiac Risk Index in Noncardiac Surgery (Detsky) 410 Revised cardiac risk index for patients undergoing noncardiac surgery 411

16.8.
16.8.1.

Falls
Fall Risk in Elderly Hospitalized Patients

412
412

16.9.
16.9.1. 16.9.2. 16.9.3. 16.9.4.

Temperature-Related Conditions
Hypothermia, Grading Frostbite Injury, Grading Burns, Assessment of Depth Burn Injury Severity Grading System (American Burn Association)

412
412 413 413 414