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350
base
tiled
multi

instructions per key

300

250
200
150
100
50
0
10000

cache misses per key

1e+06

base
tiled
multi

10

100000
set size in keys

8
6
4
2
0
10000

1200

time (cycles per key)

1e+06

base
tiled
multi

1000

100000
set size in keys

800
600
400
200
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

H&, tRK]H,P57],H#B, BP]cj:]]] BH  b & HH H]&] nH ,H2,Hn,H

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350
base
memory-tuned
multi

instructions per key

300

250
200
150
100
50
0
10000

2
1.6
cache misses per key

1e+06

base
memory-tuned
multi

1.8

100000
set size in keys

1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

700
base
memory-tuned
multi

time (cycles per key)

600

500
400
300
200
100
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

H&, tRK]HnP5}
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450

base
memory-tuned

400
instructions per key

350

300
250
200
150
100
50
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

base
memory-tuned

cache misses per key

5
4
3
2
1
0
10000

time (cycles per key)

2000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

base
memory-tuned

1500

1000

500

0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

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1200
base
instructions per key

1000

800
600
400
200
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

5
base

cache misses per key

4.5

4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

2000
base

time (cycles per key)

1800

1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

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500

memory-tuned heapsort
tiled mergesort
memory-tuned quicksort
radix sort

450

instructions per key

400

350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
10000

cache misses per key

1e+06

memory-tuned heapsort
tiled mergesort
memory-tuned quicksort
radix sort

100000
set size in keys

4
3
2
1
0
10000

1200
time (cycles per key)

1e+06

memory-tuned heapsort
tiled mergesort
memory-tuned quicksort
radix sort

1400

100000
set size in keys

1000
800
600
400
200
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

H&, jn,5H 5H&"#&]Hn&XT,#5{#5&HX:];H]Hn&:#&#B,#H],H

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base mergesort - measured

base mergesort - predicted
tiled mergesort - measured
tiled mergesort - predicted

cache misses per key

12

10
8
6
4
2
0
10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

H&,H,&U n#5&,n#2"],H#B,#H#H&,# H]c&n#B 5n#7

2
base quicksort - measured
base quicksort - predicted
memory-tuned quicksort - measured
memory-tuned quicksort - predicted

1.8

cache misses per key

1.6

1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

B&, (B,&UT,#5&,,#8

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base heapsort - measured

base heapsort - predicted
memory-tuned heapsort - measured
memory-tuned heapsort - predicted

cache misses per Key

5
4
3
2
1
0
10000

100000
set size in Keys

1e+06

H&, (Hn&UT,#5&n,#2"P&#H,##H&,#B]c&,#BT5,#7

16
measured
predicted

14

cache misses per key

12

10
8
6
4
2
0

10
12
radix (in bits)

14

16

18

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2.2
2

Sparc 10
Power PC
Pentium PC
DEC Alphastation 250
DEC Alpha 3000/400

Speedup

1.8

1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
100000
set size in keys

1e+06

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2.4
2.2
2

Sparc 10
Power PC
Pentium PC
DEC Alphastation 250
DEC Alpha 3000/400

1.8
Speedup

10000

1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8

10000

100000
set size in keys

1e+06

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