Marking Scheme [ This document was prepared for markers’ reference. It should not be regarded as a set of model answers, Candidates and teachers who were not involved in the marking process are advised to interpret its contents with care, Paper 1 Section A L@ @ 2+ 3Ca™* 2 » (ii) flame test a Calcium compounds give a brick-red flame. a) (©) (i) Isotopes are atoms of the same element with same proton number but different neutron (1) numbers. i) Number of protons ‘Number of neutrons Sr 38 52 a) (©) (They have the same number of electrons in their outermost shells a i) Srhas similar chemical properties as Ca does, thus can replace some of the Ca required. (1) 2 @ (@ 2Ag,0 + 4Ag+ Or a) (i) The oxidation no. of Ag decreases and the oxidation no. of © increases. a (ii) No. of moles of AgsO =3.50/ [ (107.9) + 16) No. of moles of Ag = 2x No. of moles of Ag,O MassofAgthatcan be cbsned ~ 1079 No, ofmales of Ag= 20079),3.59 231A =3.26¢ @) (©) (i) The black oxide changes to reddish brown metal a) (i) The metal obtained can conduct electricity. a) (i) C04, > Cu+H.0 a (iv) Hydrogen is explosive / flammable. a) (©) No. The reactivity of Cu and Ag can only be compared using the same reaction, a 73. (@) (i) Sodium hydroxide is very corrosive, ay (ii). Use calcium hydroxide instead, a (©) (Copper cannot displace H"(aq) from HCK(aq). a (il) Add Z/Mg/Fe to HC\(aq). ay (©) (@_ When water is added to concentrated H,S0,, 2 lot of heat is produced. The heat can cause (1) splashing out ofthe corrosive acid solution. (il)_Add concentrated H,SO, to water slowly and stir the mixture. a 4. (@ Chromium-containing substances are harmful to marine life/ toxic/ poisonous. wo (b) (i) $0;*+H,O0 + SO? +2H* +26" () Gi) Cr,0,? + 14H" + 6" + 2CP* + 7H,0 @ (ill) C0," + 8H +380;* > 2CP* +4H,0 + 3802" a (c) NaOH / Na;COs/ NHy / Ca(OH) a) 5. (2) Any TWO of the following ps @) — Both pentane and octane can be represented by a same general formula, ‘The general formula for pentane and octane is CyHayz. / Adjacent members differ by one Ch, ~ There are gradual changes in physical properties among the members of a homologous series. ‘The boiling point / mekiing point / viscosity / density of octane is higher than that of pentane, ~ Members ofthe seme homologous series have similar chemical properties. Both pentane and octane can undergo substitution reaction with Bry! Cly (&) Octane, it has a higher percentage of carbon by mass. Its chance to undergo incomplete (2) ‘combustion to give carbon is higher. (©) Any TWO of the following: @ (CH CH,CH;CH,CH, (CH3):CHCH;CHs (CHC 8ae CH=CH; 2 CéfisCHCH Gi) PS a mixture of polymeric molecules of different chain lengths. (©) (condenser il) Electric heating mantle / oil bath / sand bath should be used because kerosene is flammable. cr, Heat the mixture in @ fume cupboard because styrene vapour i iriant. (ii) addition polymerisation (©) (@ Electricity leakage can be prevented. (i) Plastic does not corrode easily Gil) Low density 7. Chemical Knowledge Insert two of the metal strips into the lerion to form a chemical cell. Measure the voltage of the cell using the multimeter. Complete the electric circuit. Control variables in the experiment such as ~ the size of the strips ~ the separation/position between strips should be the same in each trial = the temperature ‘The highest voltage can be obtained using a magnesium strip and a copper strip. (I: is because ‘among the three metals, Mg occupies the highest position in the e.c.s. and Cu the lowest rosition). Adjust the distance/position between the two metal strips until the maximum outpsx voltage is obtained. Effective Communication ~ a ay Q @ Q Qa Qa a © @)