PRESENTED BY:

STUDENT TRAINER : Mrs RUPALI

CLASS : 9TH
GROUP LEADER : SUCHLEEN
STUDENTS: INDERJEET, NEELAM, KUSUM

GOVT. HIGH SCHOOL,

BASTI BAWA KHEL,JALANDHAR
 INTRODUCTION
 PRINCIPLE
 CONSTRUCTION
 WORKING
 RESULT
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
 INTRODUCTION
 PETROL ENGINE WORKS ON THE
PRINCIPLE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINE.IN THIS TYPE OF ENGINE,THE
COMBUSTION OF FUEL TAKES PLACE
INSIDE THE CYLINDER OF THE
ENGINE.FOR EXAMPLE:PETRO ENGINE,
DIESEL ENGINE.
 PRINCIPLE
 In the petrol engine,the fuel is vaporised and mixed
with the correct amount of air in the carburater. This
mixture of petrol vapours and air is passed into the
cylinder fitted with a movable piston.It is then
compressed and ignited by an electric sparke from a
spark plug. The petrol and air mixture burns rapidly
to produce a large volume of hot gases in of the
cylinder and therefore high pressure is build up
inside the cylinder.
 CONSTRUCTION
 A simple internal combustion engine consists
of a metal cylinder c fitted with an air tight
movable piston,p.There are two holes in the
cylinder head which are controlled by two
valves v1 &v2. The valve v1 is called intake
valve and the fuel mixture of petrol and
airenters into the cylinder through this valve.
 WORKING

 WORKING IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR

STAGES CALLED FOUR STROKES OF
THE ENGINE.
2. INTAKE STROKE
3. COMPRESSION STROKE
4. POWER STROKE OR EXPANSION STROKE
5. EXHAUST STROKE
 1.INTAKE STROKE
 IN THIS STEP, THE FUEL AIR MIXTURE
ENTERS INTO THE CYLINDER. WHEN THE
ENGINE STARTS, THE PISTON , P MOVES
DOWNWARDS IN THE CYLINDER. AS A
RESULT, A REGION OF LOW PRESSURE IS
CREATED IN THE CYLINDER ABOVE THE
PISTON.THIS STEP IS ALSO CALLED
CHARGING STROKE.
DIAGRAM
 2.THE COMPRESSION STROKE
 IN THIS STEP, THE FUEL AIR MIXTURE IS HIGHLY
COMPRESSED TO SMALL VOLUME.WHEN THE
SUFFICIENT AMOUNT OF THE FUEL AIR MIXTURE
HAS ENTERED THE CYLINDER, THE INTAKE VALVE
GETS CLOSED. THE PISTON IS THEN FORCED TO
MOVE UPWARDS WHICH COMPRESSES THE FUEL AIR
MIXTURE TO ABOUT 1/8TH OF THE ORIGINAL
VOLUME.
 3.POWER STROKE OR EXPANSION STROKE

 IN THIS STEP, THE COMPRESSED FUEL –AIR

MIXTURE IS IGNITED BY A SPARK FROM THE SPARK
PLUG. AS A RESULT ,A LARGE VOLUME OF GASES
AND HEAT IS PRODUCED.THE HEAT THUS
PRODUCED EXPANDS THE GASES RAPIDLY AND
PUSHES THE PISTON DOWNWARDS.THIS STROKE
PROVIDES POWER SO CALLED POWER STROKE.
 4.EXHAUST STROKE

 IN THIS STEP, THE BURNT GASES ARE

EXPELLED OUT OF THE CYLINDER .WHEN
THE PISTON HAS MOVED DOWNWARDS BY
THE HOT EXPANDING GASES IN THE POWER
STROKE, THE EXHAUST VALVE OPENS .DUE
TO MOMENTUM GAINED BY THE WHEELS
,THE PISTON MOVES UPWARD AND EXPELS
THE BURNT GASES THROUGH THE V2.
 RESULT
 THE ENTIRE CYCLE IS COMPLETED IN
FOUR STROKE AND RESULTS INTO
TWO CRANKSHAFT REVOLUTIONS.THE
ENGINED DURING DIFFERENT STROKES
ARE SHOWN BY VARIOUS STAGES.
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
 WE ARE THANKFUL TO OUR STUDENT
TRAINER MRS RUPALI WHO HELP US IN
COMPLETING THIS PROJECT. WE ARE ALSO
THANKFUL TO DE-PROGRAM WHO HELPS TO
INCREASES OUR KNOWLEDGE.
THANKS