Grain Size Measurement

 !

Grain Size Measurement

" Comparison Method
" Planimetric Method
" Intercept Method
(ASTM = American Society of Testing Materials)

Comparison Method
" 456789:;:<;=>69?@B>C;D55 100x H><IB  :5J?5J
CJ6789:;:<;=>69K:LI
" >M67K:LI?@DI:I><95;CJDI:ID;NOI;I
?J?@=
" 67K:LI5>DBCJ:5 ASTM Grain Size
Number 5N@;5>D :I5N@;DI>5
" B:CJ89:;:<;=>69?@:II RIHJJ Equiaxed
Grain

Comparison Method
"ASTM Grain Size Number :49BIU<C;IO
ICJBII:II 1 K:;INO674589:;:<;=>69?@
B>C;D55 100x H>< 9BIU ASTM Grain Size Number
VK:

N =2

G 1

N = BII:IIIW@;K:;INO?@ B>C;D55 100x

G = ASTM grain-size number


 7M@DI:IKK:LI ASTM D;KC5;8>IN

IW@; 674589:;:<;=>69?@B>C;D55 100 ? 4V45H>ICJ
BII:I< 64 :IIIW@;K:;INO DI:IKK:LI
ASTM D;8>NIO IO?CJ??
G 1

N =2
log 64 = (G 1)(log 2)
1.806 = (G 1)(0.301)
G=7
DI:IKK:LI ASTM D;8>NIO IO?CJ 7

Comparison Method
" 89:;:<;=>69>5 674589:;:<;=>69?@B>C;D55
100x H><:4ICJBII:I<
" <456789:;:<;=>69?@B>C;D55V;DWOI H><9BIU Correction
Factor (Q) VK:
M
M
Q = 2 log 2
= 6.64 log10

100
100

" M@ M 9MB>C;D55?@<456789:;:<;=>69

" IB Q  9VUCJ ASTM Grain size number ?@<67W;< ASTM
Grain size number ?@H?<:N;

Planimetric Method
" ;>7MOI?@ 5000 mm2 (<IaIbVI5c>; 79.8 mm) JI67
89:;:<;=>69 9:<65I;>:I5;I<5 50 :I
" ICJBII:I65I;> :I4VDJ;>KCaI<
ICJ RI :I
" BII:I<IB 9VU<5 Jeffriesi Multiplier jW@;DWOI5VCJ
B>C;D55?@<4567 (C;K:;)
" 9< RIBII:IKIW@;K:;N>>NK:
" B:CJ89:;:<;=>69?@:IIHJJ Equiaxed
Grain

N int ercept

N A = f N inside +
2

NA = number of grain per mm2

f
= Jeffriesi Multiplier
Ninside = number of grains inside the test circle
Nintercept =number of grains that intercept the test circle

M
f =
5000

Magnification
1x
10x
50x
100x
200x
500x
1000x

Jeffries Multiplier
0.0002
0.02
0.5
2.0
8.0
50.0
200.0

:49BIU ASTM Grain Size Number <VK:

G = 3.322(log N A ) 2.95

KC5; Planimetric Method

67
ICJBII:I65I;><
44 :I
ICJBII:I?@4V;>KCaI< 25 :I
Jeffriesi Multiplier = (1002)/5000 = 2.0
25

N A = 2.0 44 +
2

grains
= 113
mm 2

G = 3.322(log113) 2.95
= 3.87

Intercept Method
" <I?@:V<95JI674589:;:<;=>69?@:V<B>C;D55
85?C@ <;> 3 ; ?@<IaIbVI5c>; 79.58, 53.05 H>
26.53 mm K>BCJ jW@;95<I:?CJ 500 mm 7
" ICJBIIDJ:I?@4V<IKCaI <IKCaI=?@ RI:5K
:; 3 :I (Tripole Junction) <ICJ RI 1.5
" IBa>:BIIDJ:I?@<:<595H?<:N;?@B>C;D55
D;6745 (K5. 500 mm ?@ 1x = 1 mm ?@ 500 x)
" 9?@<9M PL (Number of point intersections per unit length of test
line)

:49BIU ASTM Grain Size Number <VK:

1
G = 6.644 log
Pl

3.288

KC5; Intercept Method

67
ICJBII intersections <
ICJ Tripole Junction <
9N RI 60 + (1.5)(7) =
70.5
Pl =
500 mm

500

60 =
7 =
70.5 =
95<I:J;
B>C;D55 500 x

= 70.5 mm 1

1
G = 6.6457(log
) 3.298
70.5
= 8.98

Intercept pattern
B:CJ8>?@
>CpU:IDWOI5V
CJ?Nb?;
95D;<IK:;
?CO; = 500 mm
95<I:J;
?CO; = 500 mm