KENDRIYAVIDYALAYASANGATHAN

ZONALINSTITUTEOFEDUCATIONANDTRAINING,MYSORE

SUPPORTMATERIAL ENGLISHCORE CLASSXII ACADEMICSESSION201112

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 KENDRIYAVIDYALAYASANGATHAN,ZIETMYSORE SUPPORTMATERIAL OURPATRONS SRI.AVINASHDIKSHIT COMMISSIONER DR.DINESHKUMAR JOINTCOMMISSIONER(ACAD) SRIU.N.KHAWARE DEPUTYCOMMISSIONER(ACAD) DR.SACHIKANT DEPUTYCOMMISSIONER(TRG) DR.ISAMPAL ASSISTANTCOMMISSIONER,BANGALOREREGION
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 MATERIALPRODUCTIONTEAM DR.E.T.ARASU DIRECTOR,ZIETMYSORE MRS.RANIRAJAN PRINCIPAL,KVAFSSAMBRA MRS.RUBYHURIA ASST.EDUCATIONOFICER,ZIETMYSORE MRS.MEENAJAYARAMAN PGTENGLISH,KVMGRLY,BANGALORE MRS.SREEDEVIWARRIER PGTENGLISH,KVDRDO,BANGALORE. MRS.A.JYOTHI PGTENGLISH,KVMALLESHWARAM MRS.JAYASHRI.P.B PGTENGLISH,KVASC&CENTRE,BANGALORE MRS.V.SUNITHA PGTENGLISH,KVNO.2,BELGAUMCANTT.
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Foreword
Providing 100% support to the students for learning the prescribed subjects has been thehallmarkoftheKVS.Theobjectiveistoensurethatthestudentsnotonlylearnwell butscorewellintheexaminationsaswell.TheSupportMaterialforClassXIIEnglish CorehasbeenpreparedtorealizetheobjectiveoftheKVS. TheSupportMaterial(SM)isexpectedtoserveasasupplementtotheprescribedtext books,andhencetobeusedalongsidetheoriginaltextbooks.Thegistofthelesson be it prose or poetry given in the SM is followed by short and long Questions and Answers, and additional questions for practice. In some of the cases, the value points are given instead of the complete answer so that the students can get to know the points relevant to the question. The topics in Advance Writing Skills are dealt with properlygivingthemeaningoftheskillsalongwiththepointstobekeptinmindwhile answeringquestions. Two solved question papers given in the Support Material can be of great help to studentsinknowinghowtowriteanswerstoquestionswithaviewtoscoringcentumin theEnglishpaper.Theunsolvedpapersshouldbesolvedusingacademicrigourbythe studentssothattheirfearoffacingtheexaminationgetsreducedtoanaught. ThereisanarticletipstoscorewellintheexaminationgivenintheSupportMaterial whichshallhelpthestudentsknowthewaysandmeansoffacingtheexaminationwith confidence. TheSupportMaterialhasbeenpreparedbyateamofPrincipalandteachersofEnglish drawnfromKVS,BangaloreRegion.IconveymygratitudetoMr.Isampal,theAssistant Commissioner of Bangalore Region for having spared the services of Mrs. Rani Rajan, Principal,KendriyaVidyalaya,No.1,Belgaum,andofthefivePostGraduateteachersin English. My gratitude is also due for Mrs. Ruby Huria, AEO of ZIET, Mysore for ably supporting the Material Production Team in completing their task in a limited span of fivedays. IhopethestudentswillmakefulladvantageofthisSupportMaterial.Anysuggestions forimprovingthisMaterialarewelcomefromteachersaswellasstudents. Dr.E.T.ARASU Director,ZIET,Mysore zietmysore@rediffmail.com
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 CONTENTS Sl.No. 1 2 3 4 5

Topics

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ExaminationsSpecifications TipstoScorebetterinEnglish ReadingComprehension AdvancedWritingSkills Literature: Flamingo Vistas SamplePapers(Solved) PracticePapers(Unsolved)

PageNo. 6to8 8to9 10to22 23to65 66to84 84to122 122to156 156to170

EXAMINATIONSPECIFICATIONS CLASSXII Time3HoursMarks:100 Unitwiseweightage Unit/AreasofLearning Marks A SectionA ReadingSkills Readingunseenprosepassagesandnotemaking 20 B SectionB AdvancedWritingSkills 35 C SectionC(PrescribedTexts) (i)Flamingo 30 (ii)SupplementaryReaderVistas 15 SECTIONA ReadingunseenPassagesandNotemaking20Marks Two unseen passages, with a variety of questions including 03 marks for vocabulary suchaswordformationandinferringmeaningand05marksfornotemaking. Thetotallengthofthetwopassageswillbebetween9501200words.Thepassageswill includetwoofthefollowing: (a)FactualPassagese.g.instructions,descriptions,reports. (b) Discursive passage involving opinion e.g. argumentative, persuasive or interpretativetext. (c)Literarypassagee.g.extractfromfiction,drama,poetry,essayorbiography. SummaryClassXII Unseen No.ofwords TestingAreas Marksallotted Passages 1 600700 Short answer type questions 9 to test local, global and inferentialcomprehension vocabulary 3Total09+3=12 2 350500 Note making in an 5 appropriateformat Abstraction 3Total05+3=08

1.Apassageofabout600700wordscarrying12marksandanotherpassageofabout 350500wordscarrying08marks. 2. A passage to test reading comprehension. The passage can be literary, factual or discursive.Thelengthofthepassageshouldbebetween600700words.12marks 3.Ashorterpassageof350500wordsfornotemakingandabstraction.08marks SECTIONB AdvancedWritingSkills35Marks. 3. One out of two short compositions of not more than 50 words, 5 marks each e.g. advertisement and notices, designing or drafting posters, writing formal and informal invitationsandreplies. 4.Areportorafactualdescriptionbasedonverbalinputprovided.10marks (oneoutoftwo)(100125words) 5.Writingoneoutoftwolettersbasedonverbalinput.10marks Lettertypesinclude: (a) Business or official letters (for making enquiries, registering complaints, asking for andgivinginformation,placingordersandsendingreplies): (b)Letterstotheeditor(givingsuggestionsonanissue) (c)Applicationforajob 6.Oneoutoftwocompositionsbasedonvisualand/orverbalinput.10marks(150200 words). Output may be descriptiveor argumentative in nature such asan article, or a speech. SECTIONC TextBooks45Marks PrescribedBooks:Flamingo30 7. One out of two extracts based on poetry from the text to test comprehension and appreciation.4marks 8. Three out of four short questions from the poetry section to test local and global comprehensionoftext.6marks 9.Fiveshortanswerquestionsbasedonthelessonsfrom10prescribedtext.(2x5)=10 marks 10. One out of two long answer type questions based on the text to test global comprehension and extrapolation beyond the set text. 10 marks (Expected word limit about125150wordseach) Vistas15 11.OneoutoftwolonganswertypequestionbasedonSupplementaryReadertotest comprehensionandextrapolationoftheme,characterandincidents.7marks(Expected wordlimitabout125150words) 12.FourshortanswerquestionsfromtheSupplementaryReader(2x4)8marks PrescribedBooks:
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1.Flamingo:EnglishReaderpublishedbyNationalCouncilofEducationResearchand Training,NewDelhi. 2.Vistas:SupplementaryReaderpublishedbyNationalCouncilofEducationResearch andTraining,NewDelhi. TIPSTOSCOREWELLINENGLISH AsastudentofClassXII,youmustbewonderinghowtoscorebetterinEnglishinthe fast approaching Board Examinations. How to Prepare for Exam is a big question that you always ask yourself. Here are some tips that may help you. Many of you may be workinghardandgettinggoodmarksandsomeofyoumaynotbeworkinghardbutstill manage to get high marks in exams. Others may be wondering how it happens? Also therewillbeafewofyouwhostudywellbutstillarenotabletoscorewellinexams. Dont worry; there are some very simple tips to follow which will help you achieve success.Thesetipswilltellyou'HowtoprepareforExams. STEPS 1. READSpend about 30 minutes reading at home every day. You will be amazed by the number of new words you can learn and use these words to improve writing skills. 2. ASKQUESTIONS!NothingpleasesanEnglishteachermorethanaquestionabout thetopicathand.Ifyoudontknow,thenask!Donothesitate. 3. STAYFOREXTRAHELPAFTERSCHOOLIfyouwanttoimproveinEnglish(ex.Prose, poetry,writingskill),thenasktheteacherforextrahelp.He/shewillliketohelpyou afterclass. 4. Makesuretopracticethereadingandcomprehensionskillsataregularbasis.Every week solve one unseen passage and one passage for note making. After solving request your teacher to evaluate. The passage can be picked up from the News papers. Speaking Tree from Times of India, Editors column from other News Papers. 5. Practice minimum two writing skills every week and get it evaluated from your teacher.Improviseaspertheteacherssuggestions.

6. GOABOVEANDBEYONDYOURTEACHERSEXPECTATIONSThetopicsgivenforthe articles should be written in more words than expected. Write and practice the issueswhichattractcommonmansattention. 7. Talktoyourteacherafterclassaboutsomethingthatwasdiscussedintheclassthat youthoughtwasinterestingorconfusing.Thiswillclarifytheissueinyourmindas theteacherwouldexplainagain. 8. If the practice of writing on a regular basis is done keeping in mind the marking criteria,betterscoresinfinalexamswillbeensured. 9. Participateintheclassdiscussionsonthelessons.Supportyouropinionswithquotes fromthelesson. 10. Trytorelatethelessonsinyourtextbookswithcurrentevents.(ifpossible) 11. Read the classic literature, such as The Scarlet Letter, To Kill a Mocking Bird and GonewiththeWind. 12. Attend your English class with interest. Pay attention and you will definitely learn somethingofvalueandinterestineveryclass. 13. Do miss the valuable study materials, question papers given to be solved by the teacher.Solvethemmeticulouslyandgetthemevaluated.Unnnnn744566+525 14. Whilestudyingmakeshortnotes.Notesshouldbebriefsothatyoucanrevisethe lessonwiththesenotes.Youcanreferbacktotheportioninthetextbookifneeded. Thereisnoshortcuttosuccess.WORKHARDandsuccesswillbeyours. If you work hard as a student the remaining life will be comfortable. But if you have enjoyedlifeasastudentthengetreadytofacehardlifeahead.
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 SECTIONWISEAnalysisoftheQuestionPaper SECTIONA READINGCOMPREHENSION Comprehension means understanding or perception. The following points are to be carefullynotedwhileattemptingquestionsoncomprehension. Gothroughthepassagecarefullyandarriveatthegeneralideaofthesubjectthe passagepresents. Readasecondtimetogetabetterunderstandingofthepassage. Arrive at the meaning of difficult words by relating them to the preceding and followingsentences. Underline relevant words and phrases of the passages which can help you deducetheanswers. Readthequestionscarefully. Answerpreciselyusingsimplelanguage. Answersshouldrevealyourunderstandingofthepassage. Ifyouareaskedtoprovideasuitabletitleorheadingtothepassageremember thetitleishiddeneitherinthebeginningorendingofthepassage. Titleshouldrelatetothemainideaofthepassageandshouldbebrief.

Unseenpassagesforcomprehension(Solved) A. 1.Readthepassagegivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow(12 Marks) 1. First,awarning.Thejourneyistough,steepandpepperedwithhairpinbends.If you are not a hardened traveller, by the time you reach Tawang your head is likely to be spinning. Add to it the breeze which pierces through all your protective clothing and you could well be wondering what prompted you to makethisarduoustriptosuchHimalayanheights. 2. Togetacclimatizedtohighaltitude,therecipeissimpleandstricttakeiteasy onthefirstday,lestyoufindyourselfoutofbreathandpanting.Tuckyourselfin
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a warm bed and sip some thupka (Tibetan noodle soup) and begin your adventuresthefollowingday. 3. Infactwhenyougetupthenextmorning,youwillscarcelybelievewhatyousee. ThepicturepostcardbeautyofthehillstationinArunachalPradeshwillsimply take your breath away. The scenery is pristine and the Himalayan ranges are lush with pine, oak and rhododendron forests. There is also a rich growth of bamboo, which is the favorite food of the red panda found in this part of the Northeast. 4. Locatedabout10,000feetabovesealevel,theTawangmonasteryisthesecond oldest monastery in Asia, which explains the rush of tourists to this remote settlement.Themagnificentmonasteryoverlooksthevalleyandsurroundedby mountains that seem to be towering around it like guards. The monasterys enormous yellow roof and white walls stand out like a beacon. The place is completelyisolatedfromtheworld. 5. One of the biggest attractions of the monastery is the three storey dukhang (assemblyhall)thathasamagnificenteightmeterhighgildedimageofBuddha. 6. Theancientlibrary,leadingontotheparkhang(maincourtyard)hasanexcellent collection of old scriptures, images and thankas (traditional paintings and monastery or gompa in local language is over 350 years old and is an importantcentreofpilgrimageforBuddhists. 7. ThesixthDalaiLamawasbornhere.AlsoknownastheGaldenNamgyanLhatse, themonasteryisarepositoryofTibetanBuddhistculture. 8. Tawangdoesnothaveanairportorrailwaystationofitsown.Itisconnected with other town in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam by road. Reaching Tawang from Kolkata is braving a long but rewarding journey. The drive through the picturesquemountaincountryisspectacularandcanleaveyoubreathlessasyou wind around steep hillroads and maneuver sharp hairpin bends. In parts, the road can be rather treacherous. This is definitely not a drive for the faint hearted. 9. ThejourneytoTawangstartsfromGuwahationabusorataxitoBomdila.Past theDirangvalleywithitsolddzong(fort),theroadclimbssharplytoSelaPassat 13,940feet.Thisbarren,desolatelandscapeissoftenedbyaserenelakethatlies belowSelaPass.

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10. Twanghasonemainstreetandawarrenonalleystothehousesthatclimbup thehillsidetowardsthetoweringmonastery.Italsohasonequaintlittlebazaar which sells products ranging from talismans and prayer wheels to garish sunglasses and transistors. The snack stalls are a plenty offering solja, the yak butter tea,thupka and hot memos, the delicious steamed meat dumpling with chillysauce. 1.1. Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) 1.2. (9marks)

WhyisthejourneyupTwangsoarduous? (2) Whatshouldavisitordotoacclimatizetohighaltitude? WhydopeopleliketovisitTawang? (2) DescribetheTawangmonastery.(2) HowcanonereachTawang?(2) (1)

Pick out words or phrases which convey the same meaning as the following. (3marks) (i) (ii) (iii) Extremelyattractive(Para4) Holyplace(Para6) Huge,ingreat(Para3)

Answers 1.1. (i)ThejourneytoTawangisdifficultbecausethebreezepiercestheprotectiveclothes. Thetravelersheadstartsspinning. (ii)Thevisitormustgetacclimatizedtohighaltitude.Heshouldtakeiteasyonthefirst day. (iii) People are greatly attracted by the beauty of this hill station. The scenery is wonderful. (iv) Tawang monastery is the second oldest monastery in Asia. It is located about 10,000feetaboutsealevelandoverlooksthevalleyandseemsisolatedfromtheworld. (v) Tawang does not have any airport. It is connected with other towns in Arunachal PradeshandAssambyroad.Sothevisitorshouldmakeuphismindtoundertakealong andrewardingjourney. 1.2. (i)Magnificent (ii)Pilgrimage (iii)Rhododendron
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UnseenPassagesforPractice 1. Readthefollowingpassage. LightPollution 1. Everyurbaniteknowsthebrightlightsofthecitymakeitimpossibletoseethestarsina nightsky.Whatmostofusdonotknowisthatthoselightsalsomaybemakingussick. Thecauseislightpollutiontheunearthlyglowofbillionsofstreetlamps,securityand porchlights,searchlights,officelightsandsignsaspeopleeverywheretrytodispelthe darknessofthenight. 2. Forthefirsttime,lightisbeinginvestigatedseriouslyasapollutantandahealthhazard apossiblecauseincreasedincidenceofbreastcancer,depressionandotherailments. 3. Inthemostheavilyurbanizedregions,itnolongereverreallygetsdark.Satelliteimages revealthatinlargeareasofeasternNorthAmerica,WesternEurope,JapanandKorea, night has become a constant twilight. In a natural night sky, someone looking at the heavens should be able to see nearly 3500 stars and planets and the glow from the Milky Way, our galaxy. But in some brightly lit cities, the number of visible stars has dwindledtoaboutafewdozen. 4. And for many wildlife species, light pollution seems to be as grave as environmental threatasbulldozedhabitatsandtoxicchemicaldumping. 5. Lighting from office towers confuse migratory birds which fly into buildings lit up at night. Millions of birds in North America die from these crashes. Researchers have noticed since the 1980s that artificial lights along ocean beaches confuse millions of babyturtles.Observerssaythattheturtlesinstinctivelycrawltothebrightestthingon the horizon normally the reflection of the moon on the sea. But where beachesare illuminated,babyturtlesoftencrawltothelitroads,wheretheyareflattenedbycars, orwanderincirclesonthebeach.Oncedaybreaks,theybaketodeathinthesun. 6. Sea turtles and birds are clearly in peril because of light at night, but scientists have beguntostudywhetherhumanmaysharesomethingofthesamefate.RichardSteven, a US Epidemiologist, has developed the idea that night light can disrupt critical hormonallevelsthataffecthumanhealth.Stevenscametothisconclusionwhiletrying to solve the puzzle of why breast cancer risk is five times higher in industrialized societiesthaninnonindustrializedcountries. 7. Stevens turned to literature on circadian rhythms the 24hour biological clock that guides daily body functions and on melatonin, a hormone most living creatures
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produce only in darkness. In a study published in 2001, Stevens says that there is mounting evidence to suggest that disruption of the melatonin rhythm may lead to chronic fatigue, depression, reproduction anomalies and perhaps even cancer. Melatonin is producedin the brains pineal gland only when theeyes signal it isdark. Thoseworkingunderlightingatnightcouldbereducingtheamountofmelatoninthey produce. 8. Travis Longcore, Science Director at the Urban Wild lands Group (a Los Angeles conservationgroup),saysthatlightpollutionshouldbereceivingthesameattentionas otherenvironmentalills.CanadahassetupaconservationreservenorthofToronto,the firstintheworldtopreserveapristinenightsky.Conservationistsarehopingtoexpand the area of preserved night sky beyond the parks boundaries by encouraging local municipalitiestocurtailtheuseofpoorlydesignednightlighting. 9. IntheUnitedStates,theInternationalDarkSkyAssociation(IDA)hasbeencampaigning for bylaws requiring nightfriendly lights, with the bulbs recesses into the fixture so thatthelightdoesnotglareouthorizontallyorupwards.Lampsthatdirectalightbeam atthegrounduselesselectricityanddonotuselesslylightthesky.Whilethehealthand environmental impacts of night pollution are starting to capture attention, Dave Crawford, the executive director of IDA, has other concerns too. He too worries that light may be making people sick and harming wildlife, but he says the fading of the heavenscouldalsocauseafadingofthehumanimaginationinmanywaysagreater longtermthreat. 10. Writersandartistshavebeendrawninspirationfromthenightsky.SaysCrawford,Its theglamourandwonderoftheuniversewelivein.Wevegottopreservethat. 1.1.Answerthefollowingquestions (9marks) 1. Howislightapollutant?Whatharmdoesitcause?(2) 2. Whatstartlingrevelationdoesthispassageprovideaboutdeathofturtles?(1) 3. Howdoeslightingaffectourdailybodyfunctions? (2)

4. WhatmeasureshavebeentakeninCanadatoreducelightpollution?(2) 5. WhatarethesuggestionsgivenbytheIDAtocounterlightpollution?(2) 1.1. (i) Pickoutwordsorphraseswhichconveythesamemeaningasthefollowing:(3marks) Threatordanger(Para6)

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(ii) (iii)

Unusual,irregularity(Para7) Tolimit(para8) 2. Readthepassage. 1. Ascholarisrefusedadmissiontoagoodschoolprimarilybecauseofhisweak interactive skills. It is indeed pathetic that though English is spoken fluently and used every day; yet none is satisfied with their abilities. A learner feels he cannot express himself the way he wants to. And he fails miserably to connect with his own hidden power. 2. TheEducationsystem,initsendeavorstomakeCurriculumrelevantandlife orientedhas,asamatteroffact,fallenshortofitsstandards.Itisobliviousofthefact that the most applied and practical subject English: is devoid of practical afflatus. English is at cross roads. Both aspects of Education: the cultural that empowers a learnertogrowandtheproductiveaspectthatmakeshimdothings,isrelegatedtothe backgroundcurriculumthusstandslopsided.Itfailstoprovidefullrangeofservicesand cannottapteachersexpertise.Nopropermovesandstrategieshavebeenformulated to make it unique. English courses are mushrooming and alluring advertisements clip areoftenspotted. 3. Withtheonsetofthenewmillennium,demandsoftheEducationalSystemto sensitizeitselftochangingsocietalneedshasalsoincreasedmanifold.Thenewraceof human beings has to be served New Curriculum that caters to the Unity Of Thought, Action & Deed and help evolve an integrated human personality. A Comprehensive Curriculumalonecanenhancetheirunderstandingoffourbasicskills. 4. AcquiringtheskillofEnglishisnoCatwalk.AndEnglishisnoSciencewhere resultsareverified;butitmeansConstruction;ingenuityatwork.TheArchitecturethat itbuildscanneverbecompleteifitisdivorcedfromlearningbydoing. 5. There are a number of Projects like Phonetics, Newsreading, Indian literature,Poetrycomposition,Interviewskills,biographylaunch,etc.whichcanhelpa pupil to experiment till he finds a medium that helps free flow of thoughts, to think criticallyandcreativelyandemergeasliterarycompetent.Aslongasthereisproper
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feeding,Englishwillliveintheirheartsandreignintheirminds.Soonerorlater,theywill beblessedwithamarathonforactionablelearningthatshallmakeamultidimensional impactonthem. Withintheenclosure(pupils)liesthepotentialforanewbeginning Andwithinthisexcitingbeginningliesanastonishingfutureforhim. 6. Englishcannotbeconferredsoeasilyandsosoon.Weneedtotakecontrol ofEnglish.ThereisagraveneedtodesignateEnglish,withouttheslightesthesitation,a practical status if at all, we want a remarkable future. The lack of efforts in learning EnglishandthegeneralfeelingofnotbeinginterestedinlearningtheEnglishlanguage that are plaguing the system should be urgently addressed. Should not we all battle againstthisabuse?

1.1.Onthebasisofyourreadingthepassageanswerthequestionsgivenbelow. (9marks) (1) 1. Whataretheinteractivesituations? 2. 3. 4. 5. 1.2.Pickoutonewordfromthepassagethatmeansthesameas:(3marks) a. b. c. Nascent(para1) Pragmatic(para2) Depths(para6) Whatisthematterofgraveconcern? Explainunityofthought,actionanddeed? (2) (2) (2) (2)

HowcanEnglishhelpevolveanintegratedpersonality? Howcanyoufindanastonishingfuture?

Notemaking TipstoprepareNotesandSummary: Preparenotesusingphrasesonlyandneverusecompletesentences. Thetopicsentenceofeachparagraphisthemainpointandtheideasaffiliatedto itarethesubpointsoneormoredependingontheconceptsintheparagraph.

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 Each subpoint may or may not have supplementary ideas which become sub subpoints. Properindentationisessential. Provideanappropriatetitleforthenotesandthesummary.

Includeaminimumof4to6distinctlydifferent,recognizableshortformsofthe wordsinthenotes. Use short forms only for longer words. Underline all short forms. Provide the keyfortheshortformsattheendofthenotes. Coveralltheimportantpointsinthepassagewhilepreparingthenotes.

Include all the important points in the notes meaningfully to prepare the summaryin8090words. Writethesummaryincompletesentencesinaparagraph.

SplitupofMarks Notemaking(5) Summary(3) Title:1,Content:3 Content:2 AbbreviationsandKey:1 Expression:1 PassageforNotemaking(Solved) 2.Readthepassagegivenbelowcarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (8marks) 1. ThesmallvillageofSomnathpurcontainsanextraordinarytemple,builtaround 1268 A.D. by the Hoyasalas of Karnataka one of the most prolific temple builders. Belur and Helebid are among their betterknown works. While these sufferedduringtheinvasionsofthe14thcentury,theSomnathpurtemplestands moreorlessintactinnearoriginalcondition. 2. Thissmalltemplecaptivateswiththebeautyandvitalityofitsdetailedsculpture, covering almost every inch of the walls, pillars and even ceilings. It has three shikharasandstandsonastarshaped,raisedplatformwith24edges.Theouter wallshaveaprofusionofdetailedcarvings:theentiresurfacerunoverbycarved
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plaquesofstone.Therewereverticalpanelscoveredbyexquisitefiguresofgods andgoddesseswithmanyincarnationsbeingdepicted.Therewerenymphstoo, somecarryinganearofmaizeasymbolofplentyandprosperity.Theelaborate ornamentation, very characteristic of Hoyasala sculptures, was a remarkable feature.Oncloserlookanditisworthittheseriesoffriezesontheouterwalls revealed intricately carved caparisoned (covered decorative cloth) elephants, charginghorsemen,stylizedflowers,warriors,musicians,crocodiles,andswans. 3. The temple was actually commissioned by Soma Dandanayaka or Somnath (he named thevillage after himself), the minister of the Hoyasala king, Narasimha, the Third. The temple was built to house three versions of Krishna. The inner center of the temple was the kalyana mandapa. Leading from here were three corridors each ending in a shrine, one for each kind of Krishna Venugopala, JanardanaandPrasannaKeshava,thoughonlytworemainintheiroriginalform. Inthedarknessofthesanctumsanctorum,Itriedtodiscernthedifferentimages. The temples sculptural perfection is amazing and it includes the doors of the templeandthethreeelegantlycarvedtowers. 2.1. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it using headingsandsubheadings.Userecognizableabbreviations,wherevernecessary.Give thepassageasuitabletitle.(5) Answer: TempleofSomnathpur 1.Temple:thebeautyandvitality 1.1.Detailedsculpturecoveringwalls,pillars,ceilings 1.1.a.Seriesoffriezesonouterwalls 1.1.b. intricatelycarvedelephants 1.1.c. charginghorsemen 1.1.d.stylizedflowers 1.1.e.warriors,musicians,crocodileandswans 1.2.threeshikharasstandsshaped,raisedplatform24edges 1.3.theouterwallsdetailedcarvings 1.4.theentiresurfacecarvedplaquesofstone 1.5.verticalpanelscoveredbyexq.fig. 2.RepresentationofHinduism
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 2.1.incarnations 2.2.manydeities 3.TempleintheHistory 3.1.comm.SomaDandanayakaorSomnath 3.2.theinnercenterofthetemplekalyanamandapa 3.3.threecorridorsendinginashrine Key 1. star 2.exqexquisite 3.fig figures 4.comm. commissioned 2.2.Writeasummaryofthenotepreparedinnotmorethan80words.(3marks) ThetempleofSomnathpurisextraordinaryduetothesculpturesonthewalls,pillars, andeventheceilingwhichiscoveredbyexquisitefiguresofgodsandgoddesses.Itisa representation of Hinduism with its many incarnations and deities. The temple commissioned by Somnath has a kalyana mandapa with three corridors ending in a shrine. Passagesforpractice (i) Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that follow: (8marks) 1. The practice of soil conservation involves methods to reduce soil erosion, preventdepletionofsoilnutrients,andrestorenutrients,alreadylostbyerosionand excessivecropharvesting.Mostmethodsusedtocontrolsoilerosioninvolve,keeping thesoilcoveredwithvegetation. 2. In conventional farming, the land is ploughed several times and smoothed to

makeaplantingsurfaceapracticethatmakesitvulnerabletosoilerosion.Toreduce erosion, an increasing number of farmers in many countries are using conservation tillagefarming,alsoknownasminimumtillage,ornotillfarming,dependingonthe degreetowhichthesoilisdisturbed.Farmersusingthesemethodsdisturbthesoilas littleaspossibleinplantingcrops. 3. For the minimumtillage method, special tillers break up and loosen the

subsurface soil without turning over the topsoil. In notill farming special planting machines inject seeds, fertilizers and weedkillers into slits made in the unploughed soil.
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4.

In addition to reducing soil erosion, conversation tillage and notill farming

reduce fuel and tillage costs and water loss from soil. They can also increase the numberofcropsthatcanbegrownduringaseason. 5. Soil erosion can also be reduced by 3050 percent on gently sloping land by

meansofcontourfarmingploughingandplantingcropsinrowsacross,ratherthan upanddown,theslopedcontoursoftheland.Eachrowplantedhorizontallyalongthe slopeofthelandactsasasmalldamtohelpholdandslowtherunoffofwater. 6. Terracingcanbeusedonsteeperslopes.Eachterraceretainssomeofthewater

runningdownthevegetatedslope.Terracingprovideswaterforcropsatalllevelsand decreasessoilerosionbyreducingtheamountandspeedofwaterrunoff.Inareasof highrainfall,diversionsditchesmustbebuiltbehindeachterracetopermitadequate drainage. 7. In strip cropping, a series of rows of one crop, such as corn or soybeans, is

plantedinawidestrip.Thenthenextstripisplantedwithasoilconservingcovercrop, such as grass or grasslegume mixture, which completely covers the soil and thus reduceserosion.Thesealternatingrowsofcovertrapsoilthaterodesfromtheother rows,catchandreducewaterrunoff,andhelppreventthespreadofplantdiseasesand pestsfromonestriptoanother. 8. Windbreakscanreduceerosioncausedbyexposureofcultivatedlandstohigh

windsorshelterbeats.Thesearelongrowsoftreesplantedtopartiallyblockthewind. Windbreaks also provide habitats for birds, pest eating and pollinating insects and otheranimals. 2.1.Onthebasisofyourreadingoftheabovepassagemakenotesonitusing headingsandsubheadings.Userecognizableabbreviations,wherevernecessary.Give thepassageasuitabletitle.

(5marks)

2.2.Writeasummaryofthenotespreparedinnotmorethan80words.(3marks) (ii)Readthepassagegivenbelowcarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (8marks)

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1.

The tests of life are its plus factors. Overcoming illness and suffering is a plus

factor for it moulds character. Steel is iron plus fire, soil is rock plus heat. So lets includetheplusfactorinourlives. 2. Sometimes the plus factor is more readily seen by the simplehearted. Myers

tellsthestoryofamotherwhobroughtintoherhomeasacompaniontoherownson alittleboywhohappenedtohaveahunchback.Shehadwarnedhersontobecareful nottorefertohisdisability,andtogorightonplayingwithhimasifhewerelikeany otherboy.

3.

Theboyswereplayingandafterafewminutessheoverheardhersonsaytohis

companion: Do you know what you have got on your back? The little boy was embarrassed,butbeforehecouldreply,hisplaymatecontinued:Itistheboxinwhich
yourwingsareandsomedayGodisgoingtocutitopenandthenyouwillflyawayandbean angel. 4. Oftenittakesathirdeyeorachangeinfocus,toseetheplusfactor.Walkingalongthe

corridorsofahospitalrecentlywherepatientswerestrugglingwithfearofpainandtests,Iwas perturbed.Whatgavemefreshperspectivewerethesayingsputupeverywhere,intendedto uplift. One saying made me conscious of the beauty of the universe in the midst of pain, sufferingandstruggle.TheothersayingassuredmethatGodwaswithmewhenIwasindeep waterandthatnotroubleswouldoverwhelmme. 5. The import of those sayings also made me aware of the nether springs that flow into

peoples lives when they touch rock bottom or lonely or even deserted. The nether springs makerecoverypossible,andtheybringpeaceandpatienceinthemidstofpainanddistress. 6. The forces of death and destruction are not so much physical as they are psychic and

psychological.Whenmalice,hateandhardheartednessprevail,theygetchanneledasforcesof destruction.Whereopenness,peaceandgoodheartednessprevail,theforcesoflifegushforth toregeneratehopeandjoy.Thelifeforceistriumphantwhenloveovercomesfear.Bothfear andlovearedeepmysteries,buttheeffectofloveistobuildwhereasfeartendstodestroy. Loveisoftentheplusfactorthathelpsbuildcharacter.Ithelpsustoacceptandtoovercome suffering.Itcreateslastingbondsanditsreachisinfinite. 7. Itistruethatthereisnoshortageofdestructiveelementsforcesandpeoplewhoseek

todestroyothersandintheprocess,destroythemselvesbutatthesametimetherearesigns 21

ofloveandlifeeverywherethatareconstantlyenablingustoovercomesetbacks.Soletsnot lookonlyatgloomanddoomletsseekoutpositivityandhappiness.Foritiswhenyouseek thatyouwillfindwhatiswaitingtobediscovered. 2.1. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it using headings and subheadings.Userecognizableabbreviations,wherevernecessary.Givethepassageasuitable title. (5marks)

2.2.Writeasummaryofthenotespreparedinnotmorethan80words(3marks)

SECTIONB

ADVANCEDWRITINGSKILLS(35Marks) QUESTION3 THISQUESTIONINCLUDESTHEFOLLOWINGSHORTCOMPOSITIONS: 1.NOTICE 2.ADVERTISEMENTSCLASSIFIEDANDCOMMERCIAL 3.POSTERS 4.INVITATIONSANDREPLIES 1. Notice(5Marks/50Words) A Notice is a written or a printed information or news announcement. Notices are eitherdisplayedatprominentplacesorpublishedinnewspapers/magazines.Itismeant onlyforaselectgroup.Sinceanoticecontainsaformalannouncementorinformation, its tone and style is formal and factual. Its language should be simple and formal. A noticeisalwaysbriefandtothepoint. Remember, Circulars are also written like notices, but unlike notices, they carry more thanonemessage,andtheyarecirculatedthroughamessenger. IMPORTANTTIPSTOBEFOLLOWEDWHILEWRITINGNOTICES: Adheretothespecifiedwordlimitof50words. WritethewordNOTICEatthetop. Nameandplaceoftheschool,organizationorofficeissuingthenoticeshouldbe mentioned. Giveanappropriateheading. Writethedateofissuingthenotice.
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Clearlymentionthetargetgroup(forwhomthenoticeistobedisplayed). Purposeofthenotice. Mentionalltherelevantdetails(date,venue,time). Mentionwhomtocontactforextrainformation. Signature,nameanddesignationofthepersonissuingthenotice. Putthenoticeinabox.

Formatofanotice ANOTICEISALWAYSWRITTENINABOX NOTICE NAMEOFTHEINSTITUTION/ORGANIZATION/OFFICE,PLACE SUITABLEHEADING 29JUNE2011 ContentTargetgroupforwhomthenoticeis.Date,time,venue andallimportantdetailsandanyextrainformation thatisneeded.(BodyoftheNotice50words) Signature (NAME) Designation MarkingSchemeofNotice Format:Title(Notice/Heading/Place/Date/Signaturewithnameand Designation)(1mark) Content:(a)where? (b)When? (c)Targetgroup (d)Agenda (Allwithin50words)(2marks) Expression:Coherence,spellingsandgrammaticalaccuracy.(2marks)
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 SolvedExample1 ImagineyouareamemberofREDCROSSBloodBankSociety,Bangalore.Youhavebeen asked by the President of the society, Mr. Manish Nair to organize a Blood Donation Camp.Writeanoticein50wordsurgingthepeopletocomeinlargenumbersforthis noblecause.(5marks) NOTICE REDCROSSBLOODBANKSOCIETY,BANGALORE DONATEBLOODANDSAVELIVES! 29thJune2011 AStateLevelfunctiontoobservevoluntaryBloodDonationDayisbeingorganizedon 5thand6thJuly2011atRedCrossBloodBankSocietyOffice,M.G.Road,Bangalore.It startsat8a.m.andwillcontinuetill5p.m.bothdays.Allarerequestedtovolunteer anddonatebloodandsavethelivesoftheneedypeople. Manish (MANISHNAIR) PRESIDENT,REDCROSSBLOODBANKSOCIETY SolvedExample2 Yourschool(AmarVidyalaya),Bangaloreisorganizingaculturaleveningtocollectfunds fortheslumchildren.TheViceChancellor,BangaloreUniversityhasconsentedtobethe ChiefGuestontheoccasion.Draftanoticeinthisconnectiontobedisplayedonyour schoolnoticeboard.ImagineyouaretheRakeshTilak,CulturalSecretaryofyourschool. (Wordlimit:50words)
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NOTICE AMARVIDYALAYA,BANGALORE CULTURALEVENINGFORACHARITY 1stJULY2011 TheschoolisorganizingaCulturalEveningtocollectfundsfortheslumchildreninthe neighborhood,on10thJuly2011from6p.m.to9p.m.intheschoolplayground.Dr. S.M.RaoViceChancellor,BangaloreUniversityhasconsentedtobetheChiefGueston the occasion. All are invited and requested to give wide publicity to the event. For moredetailscontacttheundersigned. RakeshTilak (RAKESHTILAK) CulturalSecretary NOTICESFORPRACTICE 1 AstheSecretaryoftheScienceClubofyourschool,write anoticein about50 wordsinformingstudentsofaninterclasssciencequiz. 2YouareAbhinav/Alka.Youhaveplanneda2weekcoursetobearrangedtohelpthe childrenofyourhousingsocietycalledRenaissanceHousingSocietyatMysore acquireSpokenEnglishSkills.AstheSecretaryoftheSociety,prepareanotice for the Societys notice board stating the objective of the course ,giving necessarydetailsofthecourseandrequestingthechildrenofthesocietytojoin thecourse.(Wordlimit:50words) 3 Yourschool,AdarshVidyalaya,Solan,isorganisingalecturebythefamouswriter VikramSethontheoccasionofLiteracyWeekbeingcelebratedinyourschool. Writeanoticeinformingstudentsaboutthelecture.Inventnecessarydetails. 4 Draft a suitable notice for your School Notice Board giving details of the inauguration of the Literary Association activities in your school. You are Deepak/Deepaika, Secretary, School Literary Association. Your School is called ModernSeniorSecondarySchool,Belgaum. 5 Yourschoolhasjustcompleted25yearsofitsmeritoriousservicetosociety.The Students Council of your school has decided to celebrate its Silver Jubilee. As President of the Council, write a notice in not more than 50 words, for the
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students of your school, informing them about the Councils decision and seeking their cooperation for the success of the proposed Silver Jubilee Celebrations. 6 You are Sanjay / Sangeeta. As President of the Excursion Club you have organizedanexcursiontoKatmandu(Nepal)duringthesummervacationforthe seniorstudentsofyourschool.Writeanoticeinabout50wordsinformingthe studentsabouttheproposedexcursion. QUESTION3 Advertisements:(5Marks/50Words) An ADVERTISEMENT is a kind of public notice asking for or offering services or buying and selling property, goods etc., or providing information about missing persons, pets etc. Therearetwokindsofadvertisements: 1 2 Classified Commercial

CLASSIFIEDADVERTISEMENTS You will come across classified advertisements in the columns of newspapers and magazines.TheimportantfeaturesofaClassifiedAdvertisementsare * * Noblocks,nodesignandlanguagetobefactual. Simpleandformalandtothepoint

*Comprehensive;yetmustleaveoutnoimportantmatter. *Neverbetoolengthy(confinetothewordlimit) MarkingScheme FormatSuitableHeading/Classification) Contentrelevance 1Mark 2Marks

Expression(GrammaticalAccuracy,SpellingsSuitableStyle2Marks IMPORTANTTIPSTOBEFOLLOWED CLASSIFIEDADVERTISEMENTS (a) ClassifiedAdvertisements Clearlystatethecategoryatthetope.g.ForSale,ToLetetc. Giveallnecessarydetailsinpointsusingcommas. Givecontactaddress,name,andtelephonenumber. Putthematterinabox.

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KindsofClassifiedAdvertisements I. SituationVacant/Wanted 2. Lostandfound 3. Saleandpurchase 4. Accommodationwanted 5. Educational 6. Placementservices 7. Matrimonial 8.ToLet 9.Tuitions 10.PackersandMovers 11.Kennel 12TravelsandTours

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FURTHERSAMPLESOFCLASSIFIEDADVERTISEMENTS SAMPLE1 Question 1You are Personal Assistant to G.M., ABC Metal Tools Company, Mumbai. YourGeneralManagerhasaskedyoutodraftaClassifiedadvertisementforalocaldaily forthepostoftwoengineers.Drafttheadvertisementinnotmorethan50words. SITUATIONVACANT RequiredtwowellqualifiedMechanicalEngineerswithamaximumexperienceoffive years. Remuneration commensurate with the performance and output of the candidate. Send the Curriculum Vitae within seven days to the Personnel Manager, ABC Metal Tools Company, 7, Vashist Complex Sikanderpur , Malad East, Mumbai, alongwithnecessarycertificatesandreferenceswithinaweek. Ph26090003,26093330 SAMPLE2 Question2YouareAnurag/Aparnaof110,SwasthyaVihar,NewDelhi.Youwishtolet out a portion of your newly built house. Draft an advertisement in not more than 50 words for publication in the ToLet column of The Hindustan Times, giving all necessarydetails. TOLET Available1500sq.ft.groundfloorofanewlybuilthouseinSwasthyaViharwithtwo spacious bedrooms, attached bathrooms, drawingcumdining room, kitchen and interiors. Rent expectedRs. 7000/. Interested persons may please contact Anurag/Aparna, 110SwasthyaVihar,NewDelhi.Phone27439543
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NECESSARYINFORMATION SITUATIONVACANT Specifythepostandnumberofvacancies Qualitiesofthepersonrequired Nameofthecompany(optional) Ageandsexofthecandidate Payscaleandperks Modeofapplying Contactaddressandphonenumber KENNEL of accommodation, No. of tenant requiredBank Breedofdog Age Colour Training Priceexpected Contactaddressandphonenumber Type LOSTANDFOUND BeginwithLOST/FOUND Descriptionofthearticle When and where the article was Lost/Found Rewardforfindingit Contactaddressandphonenumber

TOLET rooms/floor Whetheritsindependentoranapartment Rentexpected Type of employee/smallfamily Whomandwhentocontact Contactaddress/phonenumber Make:Maruti/HyundaiSantroetc. Model/colour/accessories/year manufacture/mileage Condition Ownershipdetails Priceexpected Contactaddress/phonenumber

VEHICLESFORSALE

PACKERSANDMOVERS Specifytheservices Givereasonwhyyoushouldbegiven of achance Areaofwork Whomtocontact Contactaddressandphonenumber

PROPERTYFORSALE Plotforsale Locationwhereitis Area:insq.meters/yards Nameofthedevelopmentauthority Priceexpected Contactaddress/phonenumber

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TravelsandTours Nameoftheagency Destinationsanddurations Detailsofthepackage Discountsifany Contactaddressandphonenumber

TUTIONS Classesandsubjects Specialqualitiesofthetutor Qualificationsandexperienceofthetutor Previousresultsofhis/herstudents Contactaddress/phonenumber

HOUSE/FLATFORSALE Typeofaccommodation,No.ofrooms/floor Whetheritsindependentoranapartment Priceexpected/negotiable Locationwhereitis Area:insq.meters/yards Nameofthedevelopmentauthority Whomandwhentocontact Contactaddress/phonenumber

COMMERCIALADVERTISEMENT COMMERCIALORDISPLAYADVERTISEMENTS Theyaredesignedforcommercialpurposes. Require more space, hence are costly. Must be attractive as they with visuals, catchyphrasesandslogans. MAINFEATURES: CommercialAdvertisementsSample1 DraftattractiveCommercialAdvertisementinvitingcustomerstoaleadingresortcalled FORTRESORTANDFARMStoorganizeweddings,partiesandotherevents. Mustbeattractivewithacatchycaption,headingorsubheadings. Figurativelanguage.(alliterationandmetaphorsespecially) Proportionatespacingoffontswithdifferentsizes. Usuallyattractivewithcatchyslogans,punchlines,wittyExpressions,picturesor sketches. Specialoffersordiscount,ifany.
Detailsoftheproductoreventgiveninaclear,preciseway. Givename,contactnumberandaddressoftheadvertiser. Presentthematterinabox.

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SAMPLE2 AHEAVENLYPLACE FORWEDDINGS,PARTIESANDEVENTS WELCOMETOFORTRESORTANDFARMS!!!

LARGESTVENUEAROUNDCHANDIGARH SPREADOVER12ACRES BREATHTAKINGBACKDROP!MORETHAN500TREES COMPLEMENTEDBYWATERFALLSANDFOUNTAINS!! ***************************************************** FORTRESORTISANIDEALLOCATIONTOCELEBRATE MARRIAGESPARTIESANNIVERSERIES AND VARIOUS OTHER EVENTS ISSUEDBY:FORTRESORTHOTELS i. SHAHEEDBHAGATHSINGHMARG ii. CHANDIGARH56 CALLUSAT0605467834/568/769

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Draft an advertisement on behalf of Department of West Bengal highlighting the beautyofDargeeling,DighaSunderbansandDooarsknownfortheirgreenhills,sea

shore,teagardensand

RoyalBengalTigers.

WESTBENGALYOURDREAMHOLIDAYPACKAGE DarjeelingtheQueenoftheHillsDigha,theresortbythesea SunderbanswithRoyalBengalTigerDooarswithitsrollingverdant teagardens West Bengal packs in the richest natural variety within its small periphery. To this ultimatedestinationtheTourismDevelopmentofWestBengaladdsexcellentfacilities! Reachouttothissplendortoday GOVERNMENTOFWESTBENGAL Fordetailscontact:TourismDepartment,GovernmentofWestBengal.@.Brabourne Road4thfloor,Kolkata700001,WestBengal Phone0910332225/4723/24/25 NoteYoucanuseMatchStickfiguresandroughsketchesforillustration.Donotspend much time on illustration. Written language and expressions will only help you score better. ExerciseforPractice(Advertisement) 1 M/sBlueTowers,areadymadejeanscompanyislaunchingtheir2011rangeof jeansformenandwomen.Prepareabeautifuladvertisement. 2 M/sLeatherShoeshavebroughtanewrangeofformalshoesformen.Preparea suitableadvertisementfortherange. 3 M/sMetroShirtshaveintroducedtheirnewsummerrangeofmensshirtsand Tshirts.Prepareanattractiveadvertisementfortherange.

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M/s Pen India has brought out a new gel pen in many colors. Prepare an eye catchingadvertisementforthepen,givingallrelevantdetails.

DraftanadvertisementannouncingthelaunchofspecialhealthdrinkbyHealth CarePrivateLtd.,highlightingitsnutritivevalue.

Youareworkingforanadvertisingagency.Draftanattractiveadvertisementfor the company called Modern Machines which is launching washing machines. (Wordlimit:50words)

You have recently started a Yoga Centre for school children. Draft an advertisementtobepublishedinalocaldailyaboutit,givingallrelevantdetails.

Youwanttodisposeoffyourcar,asyouaregoingabroad.YouareHarishofNo. 10, Kailash Ganj and Lucknow. Draft an advertisement to be published in the daily,TheHindustantimes,underclassifiedColumns.

You have recently started a Centre for Personality Development for school children.Draftanadvertisementtobepublishedinalocaldailyaboutit,giving allrelevantdetails.

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YouareManisha.Youhavestartedhobbyclassesforchildrenof6to12years. Prepareasuitableadvertisementgivingalltherequireddetails..(50words)

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You are Mohan of Raja ki Mandi, Agra. You want a dance teacher for your youngersister.Writeanadvertisementtobepublishedintheclassifiedcolumns ofalocalpaper.(50words)

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Youproposetosellyourflatasyouaregoingabroad.Draftanadvertisementto be published in the classified columns of The Times of India, New Delhi. (50 words)

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Youhaveacommercialflatsuitableforanoffice/bank.Youwishtorentitout. DraftanadvertisementtobepublishedinTheTimesofIndia,NewDelhiunder theclassifiedcolumns.

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YouareAshoka/AshitaofSitapur,Lucknow.Youhavegotaforeignassignment and would be going abroad soon. You have a color television set and a

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refrigeratortosell.Draftasuitableadvertisementtobedisplayedonthehousing societynoticeboard.(50words) 15 Youhaverecentlyconstructedahousewithallthefacilitiesinaposharea.You have decided to give it on rent. Draft a suitable advertisement for the ToLet column of a local daily. Invent all the necessary details, including a contact address.(50words)

Posters:(5Marks50Words)
A POSTER is a large notice announcing or advertising something. It generally creates socialawarenessaboutanyproblemorneeds.Italsoconveysasocialmessageinaneye catchingway. Itmustcapturethereadersattentionandmotivatehim/hertoreadon. MainFeaturesofaPoster: Layout: A creative title in the form of a slogan or rhyming words for GreenisClean
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example : Speed thrills but kills, Pollution needs a Solution, YoucanuseMatchStickfiguresforillustration. Properspacingandproportionateheadingsandillustrations. Date,timeandvenuemustbementionedincaseofanevent. Aposterdisplaysamessage,oranappealtocreateawareness. Thecontentshouldbeorganizedinanappropriatestyle. Useappropriateexpressionsandcorrectlanguage. Themeshouldbeclear. The poster should be creative and related to the content and theme Do not spend much time on illustration. Written language and Nameoftheissuingauthorityortheorganizersisamust.

shouldnotbevague. expressionswillonlyhelpyouscorebetter.

Makingscheme Content 3Marks,Expression 2Marks SAMPLEPOSTER1 QuestionOn behalf of Department of Environment, Bangalore Administration, draft a Poster on the detrimental consequences of burning leaves and garbage upon the environment and also issuing a warning of the punishment to those indulging in the same. SAVEENVIRONMENT!GENERATEPROSPERITY! SAVEENVIRONMENT

DONTBURNDRYLEAVESORGARBAGE Emitstoxicandharmfulfumes! Itincreasessuspendedparticlematter(SPM)intheairandpollutesit! Producescarbondioxidecausinggreenhouseeffect! Disturbsthenaturalclimateoftheplanet. Leadstocough,eyeirritationandrespiratorydisorders! MunicipalCorporationBangalorehasbannedtheburningofleavesandgarbage. AnyViolationdependingonthescaleispunishablewithimprisonmentforatermextendingtofive yearsandfineuptoonelakhrupees ISSUEDINPUBLICINTEREST DEPARTMENTOFENVIRONMENT: BANGALOREADMINISTRATION SAVEENVIRONMENT!GENERATEPROSPERITY!
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SAMPLEPOSTER2 The Citizens Awareness Forum of your city has decided to launch a campaign against the use of drugs. You are asked to get posters prepared. Design an attractive and effectiveposteragainsttheuseofdrugs.

Dontbelate SAYITJUSTTODAY DRUGADDICTION Brings ENDLESSMISERYANDRUIN BEFIRM ACTNOW ITISNOWORNEVER DRUGSMAYTHRILL! BUTTHEYSURELYKILL! EASYTOGETIN! DIFFICULTTOGETOUT! Issuedby CITIZENSAWARENESSFORUM,PUNE

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 POSTERSFORPRACTICE 1 Recentrainshavecausedhavocinsomepartsofourcountry.YouareSurya,a member of the social service organization, SEVA MANDIR, Bangalore. Draft a poster requesting people to help the rain and flood affected families physically andeconomically. 2 A Check Vehicular Pollution campaign is being organized in your city. Draft a postertobeusedinthecampaign. 3 Waterispreciousandeachoneofusmuststopwastage.Prepareaposterinnot morethan50words,forcreatingthatawareness. 4 DraftaposterannouncingaBookWeekbeingorganizedbytheCulturalSociety, Ahmedabad. 5 Your school is planning a campaign in support of eye donation to mobilize the students and society. Design a poster to be displayed in different areas of the localitysurroundingyourschoolhighlightingtheneedforeyedonationandeye banks. 6 Prepareapostertobringaboutawarenessagainstthehazardsofrecklessuseof plastics.

4.InvitationsandReplies:(50Words5Marks)
No man is an island. Man is a social animal. We need to be with people. This is the reasonwhysolitaryconfinementistheworstformofpunishmentonecanexperience. So, we celebrate many occasions together. To invite someone for an occasion we use thewrittenformINVITATION. Invitations are generally printed cards through which we invite our guests on some auspicious occasion like wedding, birthday, wedding anniversary, house warming, inaugurationofashop/factoryetc. Invitationsareoftwotypes:(a)Formal(b)Informal.Theycanbeprintedoncardsorcan bedraftedintheformofletters.
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MAINCHARACTERISTICS An invitation is complete information. It answers the questions: who, whom, when, where, what time and for what. The important components of an invitation therefore are: o Theoccasion o Name(s)oftheinvitee(s) o Name(s)ofthehost(s) o Date,timeandvenue o Name(s) of the chief guest or special invitees , in case of an official invitation FORMATOFFORMALINVITATIONS Incaseofformalinvitations,eachofthefollowingiswritteninaseparatelinewithfonts ofvaryingsizes. Namesofthehosts Namesoftheinvitee(incaseofaformalletterofinvitation)) Formalphraseofinvitation,forexample: Requestthepleasureofyourbenignpresence/company. Seekyourauspiciouspresence. Solicityourgraciouspresenceontheauspiciousoccasion Thedate,timeandvenueoftheevent. Theoccasion/reasonoftheinvitation.

ACHARACTERISTICSOFFORMALINVITATIONS 1 Meantforalotofinvitees Thesearewritteninthethirdperson. IncaseaVIPisinvitedasthechiefguestthenameoftheVIPmustappear prominently. Nameoftheinviteeisnottobeincluded.Theaddresseesaddressisto

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bewrittenonlyontheenvelope. SimplePresentTenseistobeused. Thedateofwritingisnottobegiven. Thereisnosignatureofthehost. The abbreviation RSVP (French : repondez sil vous plait ) i.e. please reply is written below on the left with name(s) , address and phone numberofthehost(s) Puttheinvitationintoabox Donotexceed50words

2 Meantforanindividual(aformalletterofinvitation) Includethenameoftheinvitee These are to be written on runon lines. The sentence is not broken intodifferentwords/phrases. Otherdetailsaresimilartothemassscaleinvitations

EXAMPLESOFFORMALINVITATIONS 1. Your father, Mr. Raj Kumar Gupta , residing at K18 ,13th Cross Malleswaram, Bangalore wants to celebrate the success of your brother Rohiths clearing the IITJEE EntranceExaminationandsecuringadmissioninIIT Powai,Mumbai.Hewantsyouto draftaformalinvitationforhimonhisbehalf.Drafttheinvitationforhiminnotmore than50words.
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Mrs.AndMr.RajKumarGupta Seekyourauspiciouspresenceatthe GrandCelebrationParty oftheirsonRohitssuccessfullypassingthe IITJEEENTRANCEEXAMINATION at 8.00p.m. On 1stJuly,2011 at UTSAVBANQUETHALL 84Dr.RajKumar,Road,RajajiNagar Bangalore55 ComplimentsfromFriendsandRelatives RSVP k18,13thCross,Malleswaram 2712001/9732966964
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 2.Yourschool,BalPeeth,BellaryisplanningtoorganizetheAnnualSportsDayinthe schoolpremises.Draftaninvitationinnotmorethan50wordsgivingalltheessential details. ThePrincipal,StaffandStudentsof BalPeeth,Bellary requestthepleasureofyourcompanyon ANNUALSPORTSDAY at5.00p.m.onMonday,the4thJuly,2011 attheschoolgrounds AirMarshalS.K.Sinha,AVSM, haskindlyconsentedtobetheCHIEFGUEST Smt.RadhaSinha hasgraciouslyagreedtogiveawaytheprizes RSVP 2354679 (Youarerequestedtobeseatedby4.30p.,m.)
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 FORMALINVITATIONLETTERFORMAT KamalaNehruSchool Cantonment Bangalore July10,2011 Mr.K.J.Singh DCP PoliceLines Bangalore InvitationAnnualDayFunction Sir, ItgivesusimmensepleasuretoinformyouthatwearecelebratingourschoolsAnnual DayfunctiononJuly10,2011at5.30p.m.intheActivityHalloftheschool.Weshall consideritagreathonorifyoucouldgracetheoccasionandpresideoverthefunction astheChiefGuestandgiveawaytheprizes. Yoursfaithfully Sd/ Principal
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BWRITINGINFORMALINVITATIONS Informal: * Writteninaletterform,ininformalformat.Suchlettersareverypersuasivein nature * * * * * * Writteninthefirstperson Salutationisdear+name Complimentarycloseyourssincerely Dateofwritingtheinvitationisgiven Thesendersaddressappearsonthelefthandside Varioustensesusedtosuitthesense.

ValuePoints: Format1Mark ContentRelevancenameoftheperson(s)whoisinviting;theinvitee,date,day,chief, guestplaceOccasionetc.2marks

ExpressionGrammaticalaccuracy,Language2marks REPLIES Replies Formal Informal Acceptinganddeclining Likeanordinaryletter do not use any formal expressions but use informal words AcceptingorDeclining followasetformula formalwordskindinvitation,greatpleasure,regretetc. Usethethirdperson(they)insteadoffirstperson(I,we)

Theaddressofthewriterandthedatetobewritten.

andexpressions usethefirstperson(I,We)
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SOLVEDEXAMPLES Lookatthefollowingseriesofinvitations(formal&informal)andtheirreplies.The occasionisthesamebutthestyleisdifferent. 1.FORMALINVITATION Mrs.Malathi&Mr.Venkatesh requestthepleasureofyourcompanyatdinner Ontheoccasionoftheir 50thWeddingAnniversary At8p.m.onTuesday,12thJuly2011 at HotelLEELAPALACE,Bangalore RSVP:12,MargosaRoad,Malleswaram,Bangalore Phone08023564543

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FORMALREGRET

7thJuly2011 Mrs.AndMr.NaiduthankMrs.AndMr.Venkateshfortheinvitationfordinneronthe occasionoftheir50thWeddingAnniversaryon12thJuly,2011atHotelLeelaPalace. However, they express their inability to be present on the occasion due to a prior engagement. Bestwishes, Naidus

FORMALACCEPTANCE 7thJuly2011 Mrs.andMr.Naiduwerepleasedtoreceivetheinvitationfordinnerontheoccasion of the 50th Wedding Anniversary of Mrs. and Mr. Venkatesh, and confirm their participationinthefunction. Bestwishes Naidus EXERCISESFORPRACTICE 1. Your school is organizing the prestigious KVS National Level Social Science Exhibitioninitspremises.Draftaninvitationinnotmorethan50wordsgivingall essentialdetails. 2. You are Dharma raj, son of Ramesh Patnaik, Bannerghatta , Bangalore. Your fatherwantsyoutodraftaformalinvitationtobesentontheoccasionofyour sister,Sheelasmarriage.Preparetheinvitation. 3. YouareMohan/Molly.YouhavebeeninvitedbyRotaryClubtoactasoneofthe
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judgesforanElocutionCompetitionforstudentsofclassesXIandXII.Butdueto apreviousengagementyoucannotacceptthisinvitation.Writeaformalreplyto thePresidentoftheClubregrettingyourinabilitytoaccepttheinvitation. 4. You are Aakash/Varsha. You have been invited to attend the wedding of your friendssisterduringthesummervacation.Respondtotheinvitationinformally acceptingit. 5. YouhaveopenedarestaurantinUppalRoad,Hyderabad.Draftaninvitationfor the inauguration of the same, specifying the chief guest and other important detailslikedate,timeandvenue.Donotexceed50words. 6. Your school is organizing a Book Fair on its sprawling playground. Draft an invitationgivingallthedetailsincludingthechiefguest. 4.FACTUALDESCRIPTION(10Marks) Factualdescriptionisadescriptionofplace,person,processandobject. Description of a place / building includes the location, surroundings, interiors, purposeetc. Description of a person includes appearance, mannerisms, dress, gait and any otherparticularinformationtobegivenmayberelevanttothedescription.
Description of an object incorporates appearance, its parts, its function or purpose, advantagesandanyotherdetailrelevanttothedescription.

POINTSTOREMEMBER Collectdetailsofdescriptionandlogicallywritetheminaparagraph. Provideasuitabletitle. Includeexternalfeatures,finerorinternaldetails,howtheobjectfunctionsand itsoperation. Useappropriateconnectorswhiledescribingaprocess.Usewordslikefirstand second. Use the passive voice unless the active voice is desirable (e.g. in a piece which describeshowtobakeacake) Splitupofmarks Totalmarks:10, Title:1,Content:4,Expression:Accuracy2+Fluency2:5 SOLVEDFACTUALDESCRIPTION Robots A robot is like a human being in the actions it carries out. It can perform a chain of actions.Thebrainoftherobotisasmallcomputerwhichdirectsitsmovements.Inthe computers memory are instructions for carrying our specific tasks. The robot usually

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hasanarmthatcanmoveinseveraldirectionsandcandoseveralthings.Thehandhas amagnetoragripperattachedtoittopickupthings. PROCESSWRITING(SOLVED) HowdoesaPressureCookerwork? Waterispouredintothepressurecookerandthefoodtobecookedisplacedinit.The pressurecookeristhenplacedovertheflameofastoveandthewaterbeginstoheat. Whentheboilingpoint,about100degreescentigrade,isreached,steambeginstoform. However,thesteamisnotallowedtoescapeandpressurebuildsupwithinthecooker. Asthepressureincreases,thetemperaturewithinalsoincreasesandfoodiscooked.To preventexplosionduetohighpressure,thecookerhasaweightandasafetyvalvethat letoutexcessofsteam. Questionsforpractice You organized a quiz in your school last week. Write a description of how you wentaboutit.(125words) Writeafactualdescriptionofatouristspotyouhavevisitedinabout125words. Write a factual description in about 125 words of the bustle at your bus terminus. Write a factual description of the childrens park in your locality in about 125 words. Write a factual description of shopping mall in your city in about 125 words. Includedetailsoflayout,specialfacilitieslikeATM,restaurants,escalatorsetc. REPORTWRITING Areportisabriefaccountofaneventthathasalreadytakenplace.AReporthelpsin recordingeventsofimportancethatoccursinourdaytodaylife.Areportattemptsto presentthefirsthandinformationofanincidentorevent.Areportofaneventpresents arecordofeventsthattookplace.Areportonaneventincludesonesideas,opinions andimpressionsontheevent. POINTSTOREMEMBER Mentiontheplace,date,timeandotherrelevantfactsabouttheevent. Includeinformationcollectedfrompeoplearoundoraffectedbytheevent. Writethenameofthereporter. Provideasuitabletitle/heading. Writeinpasttense. Writeinreportedspeechandusepassiveformofexpression.
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Developideas(causes,reasons,consequences,opinions)logically. Writeinalessformalandmoredescriptivemannerwhilewritingareportfora schoolmagazine. Presentyourideasandimpressionstomakethereportinteresting. Splitupofmarks 1. Totalmarks:10 2. Title+Reportersname:1mark 3. Content:4marks 4. Expression(Accuracy2+fluency2):5 SOLVEDREPORT You are Roshan /Roshini, Secretary of Cultural club, Hyderabad Public School, Hyderabad.AsamemberofN.G.C.(NationalGreenCorps),writeareport,in100125 wordsforyourschoolmagazine. (10marks) TOWARDSAGREENERENVIRONMENT The cultural club of our school in association with National Green Corps organized many activities during the year 2010 for the cause of greener environmentinandaroundtheschool.AseminarinthemonthofFebruarywas heldforstudentsontheneedtosaveenvironment.InApril,theVanamahotsav week was observed, which was inaugurated with a tree plantation drive. 500 saplingswereplantedinthecoloniesinandaroundtheschool. Several interhouse competitions including postermaking and drawing were conductedwhichwitnessedahugeparticipation.Studentsvolunteeredtoclean the surroundings. Pamphlets were distributed among the public to promote cleanlinessandhygiene. A rally was organized in September to create awareness among the public to stop the use of plastic bags and to replace it with ecofriendly products. The variouspurposefulactivitiesconductedduringtheyearwerewellreceivedand weretoagreatextenteffectiveincreatingawarenessamongthepeople. Roshni Secretary,CulturalClub

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 QuestionsforPractice 1. You are Brinda/ Bharath. You worked as a volunteer in the Literacy campaign organizedinyourcity.Writeareportfortheschoolmagazineinabout125wordsonthe effectivenessoftheprogrammehighlightingthemethodsusedandtheroleplayedby governmentandnongovernmentagencies. 2.YourschoolobservedLibraryweek.Asaheadboy/headgirlofyourschoolwritea reportonittobepublishedinyourschoolmagazine(125words) 3. You are Poorva / Partha, Cultural Secretary of your school, D.B. Senior Secondary School, Ambur. A weeklong Music and Dance festival was organised by your school. Writeareportinabout125wordsforyourschoolmagazine. 4. The Debating Society of your school has recently held a workshop on Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) introduced for the students for class X in all schools.Thestudentsdiscussedtheassessmentmadebytheschoolonthebasisoftheir participationinvariousactivitiesandthesystemofgrading.Writeareportin100125 wordsforyourschoolmagazine.YouareParveen/Payal,SecretaryoftheSociety. 5.YouvisitedaJobFairorganizedbyAbilityFoundationatChennairecently.Youwere impressed to see that nearly 55 companies from various sectors such as Information Technology, Telecommunication, and Electronics etc. offered jobs to the final year students of colleges. As a reporter of The Deccan Times Chennai prepare a report in 100125words.YouarePeeyush/Priya. 6.YouareAnand/Anandi,aTimesofIndiacorrespondent.Youattendedtheinaugural functionofTamilnadHospital,Chennai.Mentioningthespecialtiesofthehospital,the number of beds, all available facilities etc. and details about the ceremony, write a reportin100125wordsforyournewspaper. 7.YouwitnessedaprogrammeperformedbydifferentlyabledpersonsonZeeTV.You were very much impressed by their performance and were emotionally touched. Highlighting their talent, reaction of the judges to their performance etc., prepare a reportin100125wordsforyourschoolmagazine.YouareGovind/Gayathri. 8.YouareLatha/LalithofGurgaon.Youattendedtheinauguralceremonyofthenewly opened vocational stream and hobby classes at the secondary school level in Paras PublicSchool,Gurgaon.Draftareportin100125wordstobepublishedinGurgaon Times.Inventotherdetails.
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9.TheReadersClubofyourschoolvisitedschoolsforthelessprivilegedtoencourage and promote reading habits. Besides donating books, the members also distributed bookscollectedfromindividualsandorganizations.Writeareportin100125words aboutyourcampaignanditssuccess.YouareAnush/Anu,theClubSecretary. 10. You are Sushma / Swaraj of L.M. Jain School, Ajmer. As Secretary of Co curricular Activities club, you visited a slum area in your city where the people suffered a great loss of life and property in a massive fire. The students of your school rendered their services and material help to the victims. Write a report in 100 125 words for your schoolmagazine. WRITINGASPEECH A SPEECH is a formal talk that a person delivers to an audience. It must have the capacitytokeeptheaudiencespellboundwithproperchoiceofwords,expressionsand examples.Atthesametimecareshouldbetakennottodeviatefromthemainsubject. You must keep in mind that it is a speech and you need to begin the draft with addressing your audience. The conclusion should be with a sentence thanking your audiencefortheirpatientlistening. Writingaspeechneedntbeanailbitingexperience! Beforeyougofurtheryouneedtoknow WHOyouarewritingyourspeechfor(theaudience) WHAT your speech is going to be about (its topic)the main points in order of importancewithsupportingresearch. FollowthesystemofCODERforwritingyourspeech CCollecttheideas. OOrganizetheminalogicalmanner DDevelopthepointsintoparagraphs EEditthespeech RReviseandrewriteit Brainstormtostartplanningyourspeech Onapieceofpaperwritetheseheadingswithenoughspacebetweenthemfornotes:

WHO WHAT HOW WHEN

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WHERE WHOisthisspeechfor? WHATamIgoingtotellthemthatarerelevantandinteresting? HOWlongisthespeechexpectedtobe? WHEREis the speech going to happen? (Hall, outdoors, stadium, morning assembly)

NOTE It is important to note that the written speech should consist of small sentenceshavingnotmorethan10to12wordsinasentence. OK.Youvegotallthenotesready;soletsmixandmatchandrewriteuntiltheoutline isclear.Afteryouvecompletedthispartofplanningyourspeechyoullbereadytodo any RESEARCH required and then youre on to the task of WRITING your speech. POINTSTOREMEMBER: Greetyouraudienceandintroducethetopicyouarespeakingon. Theintroductionpartofthespeechisthemostimportantpart.Itisthis partwhichdecidesthefateofthespeech. Donotgiveaseparatetitleforthespeech.Keepinmindasalreadystated theoccasionofthespeechandthenatureoftheaudience.
Theintroductionshouldnotbeverylengthy.Themaintopicshouldbetakenup as quickly as possible. Use concrete terms and tangible examples. Avoid abstractphraseswhicharequitevague.Usesimpleandfamiliarlanguage.

The effects, such as raising ones voice, giving stress to certain words, pausingforashorttimeetc.canberepresentedinawrittenspeechby usingsuchtechniquesasincreasingthesizeofthelettersofthesentence to be stressed, or using all capitals for a particular word to be emphasized,leavingafewdots(.)afteraquestiontoindicateapause. The conclusion plays a very important role in the success of a speech. HereweshouldrememberShakespearesadvicethatbrevityisthesoul ofwit.Giveyourownconclusiononthetopicinatellingmanner. A powerful quotation or lines from a beautiful poem which can summarizeyourviewpointcanalsobeused. Markingschemeisthesameasforthearticle.
Say/WriteThankyouattheendofyourspeech.

ASAMPLESPEECH You are a student volunteer of National Literacy Mission (NLM) wing of your school involvedintheAdultLiteracyCampaign:Eachone,TeachOne.Writeoutthespeech youwouldbedeliveringateachplaceofyourvisit.Donotexceed200words.
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ANSWER: DearFriends Goodmorningtoyouall Wehaveallassembledhereforanoblecauseamissiontoeradicateilliteracy.Itisthe dream of the National Literacy Mission to educate all the Indians. We would work togetherforanIndiawhereEACHPERSONISLITERATE.Mostofthelearnersareadults who have a rich experience of life. Therefore, the learning strategies that will be adoptedinourprogrammewillbeexploratoryandinteractive.Wehavetoteachaswell aslearn.Wemustkeepinmindcertainimportantfactorstheirexperience,wisdom andmaturitywhilediscussinganytopic.Weshouldencouragethemtotalkandexpress theirviewsinafrankandfairmanner. WeshouldalwayskeepinmindtheOBJECTIVESsetfortheadultilliterates.Wehaveto make them literates. Inculcate in them a love for reading, writing and arithmetic. Let them do simple calculations and exult at the right calculations. Health awareness and job related problems are the next in order. IT IS ONLY AFTER A STRONG BRIDGE OF CONFIDENCE IS BUILT that we would be able to create in them awareness about civil rights,duties,privilegesandobligations.Whentheybecomeconfidentoftheirpowers, we must create in them social awareness. Issues like environmental pollution, populationcontrolandemploymentgenerationcanthenbediscussed..Inshortletsall resolvetomakesincereeffortstoachievethesegoals. Thankyou. Questionsforpractice: Q.1.Water is very precious. Some scientists even go to the extent of saying that the ThirdWorldWarmaybefoughtontheissueofwater.Writeaspeechin150200words expressingyourviewstobedeliveredinthemorningassemblyinyourschool.

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Q.2.To use the latest technology the right way, is in the hands of the youth today. Write a speech 150200 words discouraging the misuse of technological products like cellphones,computersetcandhighlightingtheneedtousethemtopromoteharmony andgoodwillinthesociety. Q.3.Our Good Earth, an environmental awareness magazine has launched a marathon'CleanYourCitycampaign.Asanactiveparticipantwriteaspeechtoberead outinthemorningassemblyurgingstudentstoparticipateinthecampaignin150200 words. Q.4.Asaconcernedcitizen,youareworriedabouttheharmfuleffectsoftheinsanitary conditionsinyourtown.Writeashortspeechonthenecessityofsanitation,tobegiven atthemorningassemblyinyourschool. 5.LETTERWRITING(10MARKS) Themostcommonformofwrittencommunicationistheletter.Lettersshouldhavea formatthatgoeswiththelatestconventions. Lettertypesinclude InformalLettersTheseareletterswrittentocloseassociates. FormalLettersinclude (a) business or official letters (for making enquiries, registering complaints, asking for and giving information, placing orders and sending replies; (b)Letterstotheeditor(givingsuggestionsonanissue); (c)Applicationforajob.

MARKINGSCHEMEOFLETTERWRITING Format2marks. Proper Layout Senders address, Date, Receivers address, Subject, Salutation, Complimentaryclose.

Content4marks Relevantideastobepresentedinacoherentway. Useconnectorsappropriately,indenttheparagraphs. Thereshouldbeminimumthreeparagraphs.

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Expression4marks. Grammaticalaccuracy,spellings2Marks. Coherence,relevanceofideasandstyle2Marks. Importantpointstorememberwhiledraftingletters:

Writetheletterinthefullblockformat(i.e.totheleft) Stateyourreasonforwritinginthefirstparagraphandstayontrack. Alwaysincludespecificsthatwillhelpeasetherecipientstask.Forinstance,if youarewritingtoabank,mentionyouraccountnumber. If you refer to other correspondence, quote date of the letter/s reference numbers,filenumbers,ordernumbers,chequenumberwithdate.Include copieswheneverpossible. Gentlyandrespectfullydirecttherecipientscourseofaction. It may be strongly worded but always be courteous and use polite language and pleasanttone. Selfintroductionshouldbeavoided. Informalexpressions,greetingsorcontractedformsofwordsshouldnotbeused. Thelanguageshouldbesimple,straightforwardandtothepoint. Leavealine/additionalspacebetweenparagraphssincenoindentationisfollowed. Openpunctuationtobefollowed.(Nopunctuationmarkstobeused) Donotmixuptheoldformatandnewformat. InletterstotheeditorDonotasktheeditortosolvetheproblems. InjobapplicationlettersCurriculumvitae(CV)/Biodata/Resume/shouldbewritten.It should not be included in the body of the letter but after the complimentary close as enclosure. IntheLettertotheEditoruseyourstrulyasthecomplimentaryclose.

FORMATOFTHELETTER
Devi Enclave

Sender's

Raj Ram Marg

Bangalore-21
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Address. Addressofthe Addressee Date Salutation Subject Content

14/April/20XX

The Director/Mr/Mrs Global Enterprises, 8th cross, Victoria Layout, Bangalore

Sir,

Introduction
Body

Conclusion

Signatory SampleLetters
You are Sidhi/ Sanjay of U03 G Block Kasturi Nagar Mysore37.Write a letter to the Director NGO Bird LinksSociety,BangaloreexpressingyourconcernaboutthedecreaseinthenumberofthebirdsinDelhi. HouseNoU/03

Yours faithfully Rohan Mathur

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GBlock KasturiNagar Mysore37 30June2011 TheDirector NGOBirdLinksSociety Bangalore Karnataka Sir Diminishingnumberofbirds With deep regret I wish to bring to your kind notice about the decrease in the population of birds in Mysore.Mysoreisknowntohavemorethan500speciesofbirdsbutmanyofthemareonthevergeof extinction. AccordingtothereportsfromtherecentseminarheldonConservationofBirds,therewasatime,whena numberofbirdswouldflocktothebanksofriverKaveri,Bandipurwildlifesanctuaryandforestedcanopy inMysore.Thesenumbershavecomecrashingdownintherecentyears. The main reasons are rampant construction of buildings, bridges and flyovers, cutting of forests and of courseenvironmentalpollution.Manyspecieshavebecomeendangered.ItistimethepeopleofMysore weremadeawareofthisgravesituationbyconductingseminarsandworkshops. Thelocalsshouldbegivenincentivesforpreservingthebirds.Sanctionfortheconstructionofbuildings, malls, bridges ands so on should be given only after proper evaluation of the environmental impact of thoseconstructionsoverthelifeofspeciesthere.Letsnotforgetthatbirdsareanimportantlinkinthe foodchain. Irequestthegovernment,environmentalistsandthesocietytoshowtheirconcernbeforeitistoolate. Yoursfaithfully (SidhiSharma)

SampleLetterNo2 YouareSuresh/SarikaJainofNo20JawaharNagar,Jaipur.Twomonthsagoyoubought a desert cooler from M/s Cool Home Coolers Jaipur. Now you discover that it is not workingproperly.WritealettertotheManagerCustomerCarecomplainingaboutthe
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malfunctioningoftheunitandaskingthemtorepairandifneededtoreplaceitagainst warranty.
20JawaharNagar Jaipur 24June2011 M/sCoolHomeCooler Jaipur Sir Complaintaboutthedesertcooler ReferCashMemoNoDC98765dated17.4.2011 IwishtobringittoyournoticethatIpurchasedaCoolerHomedesertcoolerfromyouon17 April,2011(VideCashMemoNoDC98765,dated17.04.2011).Thecoolerdidfunctionwellin thebeginningforoneandahalfmonthsandthenithasstartedgivingproblems.Theproblems arewaterleakage,heavynoisewhileworkingandhighconsumptionofpower. I,therefore,requestyoutogetthesetrepairedbyatechnician.Incaseitisirreparable,kindly replaceitwithanewoneasitcarriesawarrantyperiodofthreeyears. Yoursfaithfully Suresh

SampleLetterNo3 You are Isha/Ishan, the secretary of the Students Forum of Sahrudaya Vidyalaya, Indranagar. You have planned an excursion to Jog falls during the summer vacation.

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WritealettertotheGeneralManager,SouthernRailway,forreservationofabogiefor 60studentsfromBangaloretoShimogaandback,supplyingallnecessaryinformation.
Secretary SahrudayaVidyalaya Indranagar. 01Mar2012 TheGeneralManager SouthernRailways Bangalore RequestforthereservationofaBogiefor60students Sir Agroupof60studentsofclassXIofthisschoolhasplannedtovisitJogFallsduringthesummervacation. They will be accompanied by three teachers and two attendants. They plan to leave Bangalore on 15th MaybyJeevanExpressandreturnbythesametrainfromShimogaon25thMay. Kindlyconfirm whether abogie can be reserved for theabove mentioned dates. We would also like to knowtheestimatedfaresothatwecanmakenecessaryarrangementsatourend. TheListofthemembersofthetourpartyisenclosedintheprescribedproforma. Werequestyoutosendthedetailattheearliesttoenableustoplaninadvance. Yoursfaithfully Isha Secretary

SampleletterNo.4 YouareSatish/Sonali,thestudentprefectinchargeoftheschoollibrary.Youhavebeen asked to place an order for childrens story books (10 13 years). Write a letter to
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M.S.BookDepotRamnagar,Bikanerplacinganorderforthebooks.Inventthenecessary details. St.MarysConvent Jabalpur 15thJuly,20 M/sM.S.BookDepot Ramnagar Bikaner Sir Supplyofchildrensstorybooks Theschoolhasdecidedtopurchasestorybooksforchildrenbetweentheagegroupof 10 and 13 years. The books mentioned below may please be sent by V.P.P. within 10 daysfromthedateofreceiptofthisletter. S.No Nameofthebook Author Quantity 1 StoriesfromthePanchatantra A.S.Rawal 5 2 TalesfromtheArabianNights S.E.Paces 10 3 TheadventuresofTomSawyer S.E.Paces 10 4 TalesfromShakespeare Charles&MaryLamb 10 Werequestyoutogive20%discountontheprintedprices.Weassureyoutopaythe VPPchargesatthetimeofdeliveryofbooks. Yoursfaithfully Satish (SATISH) SchoolPrefect St.MarysConvent
QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE 1. You are Manas/ Manasi at the Press Apartments of Sunder Nagar, Bihar. The main road leading to this colony has three man holes causing frequent accidents at night. There are no 60

street lights on the main road. Write a letter to the Editor of the Times of India drawing attentionofthegovernmenttothisproblemoftheresidents. 2.WritealettertotheEditorofanationaldailyinvitingtheattentionoftheauthoritiestowards theincreasingEnvironmentalpollutioninyourcity. 3. You are Vishal / Veena, a student of class XII of 10, Green Park, New Delhi is interested in learning languages. You come across an advertisement in The Times of India issued by The Institute of Foreign languages, New Delhi about the certificate course in Japanese offered by them. You decide to write a letter to the Director of the Institute seeking more information aboutthecourseduration,workinghours,feestructure,etc.Writetheletter. 4.AsMr.R.Singh,HeadoftheDepartmentofChemistry,CambridgeHighSchool,Pune,youhad placedanorderwithMessrs.ScientificEquipments,Dadar,Mumbaifortesttubesandjarforthe lab.Whentheparcelwasreceivedyouobservedthatmarkingsonthetesttubeswerenotclear and some of the jars were damaged. Write a letter of complaint seeking immediate replacement. 5. You are the Manager of Fitness Club of Gandhi Road, Ernakulam. Write a letter to Messrs. PioneerSportsCo,Kochi,placinganorderforaminimumof4fitnessequipmentswithdetails. 6. You are Rama/Raman, a member of ParentTeacher Association of Little Valley Senior SecondarySchool,Shillong.WritealettertothePrincipaloftheschoolaskinghimtointroduce vocational stream in the school providing facility of teaching such subjects as computers, insuranceetc.sothatthestudentsmaynotneedlesslycontinueacademicstudies. 7.WritealettertotheCorporationauthoritiesofSouthChennaitocomplainaboutthegeneral unsustainable growth of building activities in South Chennai with poor parking and other civic amenitiestosupportit.Urgethemtoplanwithalongtermview. 8.Thephotocopierofyourofficewhichwaspurchasedrecentlyhasaproblemwiththetoner settings.Itisstillintheguaranteeperiod.AsPurchaseManagerofTalentSearch,15thCross,J.P. Nagar,Mysore,writetothemanufacturerseekingreplacementofthedefectivepart. 9.WritealettertothelibrarianoftheDistrictLibraryinyourtownaskingfordetailsregarding membership.Alsoaskaboutthetimingsandrulesandregulationsofthelibrary. 10. You are Apoorva/Asha, Industrial colony, Ambattur, Chennai. You came across an advertisementforthepostofSeniorExecutive,AccountsinSolaceMedicalEquipments,Chennai unit.Writealettertotheadvertiserapplyingforthejob.Alsogiveyourdetailedresume.

6.ARTICLEWRITING
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Writinganarticleisanart.Thedictionarydefinesanarticleasapieceofwritingabouta particular subject in a newspaper or magazine. An article is an expression of ones thought on an issue or a subject logically and coherently written in meaningful paragraphs. POINTSTOREMEMBER Giveatitlethatcatchestheattentionofthereader. Begin with a striking opening sentence which addresses the readers and gets theminterestedinthetopic. Present a strong argument for your ideas supporting it with evidences or elaboration. Uselinkingdevices(however,therefore,although,eventhough,inorderto)to makethecompositionappearawhole. Introduce a new point at the beginning of an each paragraph that follows, to strengthenyourideas. Develop your ideas as much as you can to make them interesting and substantial. Concludewithyourstrongestpoint. Use passive voice, humor, emotive language, rhetorical questions to provide a specificeffect. Splitupofmarks Totalmarks:10 Format(title+writersname):1mark Content(logicalorganization,relevance):4marks Expression(Accuracy2+fluency2):5marks SAMPLEARTICLE YouareVikranth/Vinitha,afreelancewritermuchconcernedaboutthediscriminatory treatmentofwomenintheIndiansociety.Writeanarticlein150200wordsthrowing lightonthisproblemandgivingsuggestionsforputtinganendtoit. (10marks) DISCRIMINATIONOFWOMEN
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 It is a pity that in a country where women are said to be worshipped, there is a widespreaddiscriminationofthemevenbeforetheyareborn.Certainbrutalpractices likethefemalefeticidethrowlightonourattitude.Thegirlchildisconsideredtobea liabilityanddoesntenjoytheprivilegesofaboy.Sheisdeniedtheadvantageofproper education.Thedowrysystemhauntsparentsandtheharassmentsheissubjectedtoat theinlawsoftenforcehertocommitsuicide. Eveninenlightenedhomes,thewomanhastoliveherlifeundersurveillance,ifnotin strict purdah. Working women are physically and verbally abused, denied opportunitiesofgrowthandsubjectedtodiscrimination. Education can empower women to fight for their rights. It is also the responsibility of theeducatedsocietytoworkforthecauseofwomen.Letshenotbeworshippedbutlet herliveawholesomelife. Vikranth Questionsforpractice 1. Writeanarticleinabout200wordsforyourschoolmagazineonFilmsandtheir influenceonschoolgoingchildren.YouareManpreeth/Manjula,astudentof classXIIA. 2. YouareRohit/Kamal.YouattendedaseminaronYoga,awayoflife.Writean articleinabout150200wordsonthecontributionofyogainleadingahealthy andpeacefullife. 3. In todays world, letterwriting has lost its charm. People and the youth in particularrelymoreonmobilesandcomputerstocommunicate.Writeanarticle onthepresenttrendinabout150to200words.YouareKiran/Karthik. 4. RecentlyyouvisitedyourancestralhomeinavillageinGujarat.Youwereelated andstronglyfeltthenecessitytoholdontotherootsofourmodernlife,which lie in our villages. Write an article for your school magazine. You are Chetna / Chirag,CulturalSecretaryofyourschool. 5. Withrisingnumberofpeopleinalmostallthebigcitiesofthecountry,therate of crime has also increased proportionately. The police needs to be trained in newmethodologyofcombatingthecrimebesideschangingthemindset.Write anarticlein150200wordsontheroleofpoliceinmaintaininglawandorder inthemetropolitancities.YouareRavi/Ravina.

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6. Theinventionofmobilephonehitcanbeablessingbutifmisuseditcanprove tobeacurse.Writeanarticleinabout150200wordsonthisinvention.You areKarthik/Karishma. 7. Presently the prices of essential commodities are skyrocketing causing much hardshiptothecommonman.Writeanarticlein150200wordsexpressingyour viewsandsuggestingmeasurestocurbthisproblem. 8. ItisreallyaDoorDiestrugglewhenwetalkaboutenvironmentalconcerns.As anactivememberoftheGreenClubofyourschoolwriteanarticleinabout150 200 words on your concerns and the need for change in our attitude and practices. 9. Computerandvideogameshavebecomepopularwithchildrentoday.Outdoor gamesseemtohavenoplaceintheirlifeanymore.YouareSakthi/Sathish.You enjoyedplayinghidenseekwithyourcousins inasmalltown. Youfounditso refreshing that you decide to write an article on the joys of playing outdoor gamesfortheschoolmagazine.Writeitinabout200words. 10. Childrenbetween13and19yearsofageareneithertooyoungnortoomature. Todaythesechildrenfeelthatthepressuresofthecompetitiveworldtheylivein havemadetheirliveslessexciting. 11. Write an article in 150200 words expressing your views. You are Manish / Manisha.
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LITERATURESECTION FLAMINGO(POETRY) MYMOTHERATSIXTYSIXbyKAMALADAS Summary: The poets driving from her parents home to Cochin by car, her mother by her sidesleeping open mouthed very pale, colorless and fraillike a dead body indicatingthatherendwasnear. Thepoetlooksatherandfeelsintensepainandagonytorealizethatsoondeath willcasthermotherfromher. Tries to divert her mind, looks outside at the young trees and happy children burstingoutoftheirhomesinaplayfulmood(acontrastingimage) After the security check at the airport looked again at hermothers facepale andcold. FamiliaracheMychildhoodfearthepoethasalwayshadaveryintimateand close relationship with her mother and she has always felt the fear of being separatedfromhermotherhenceitisfamiliar. Thepoetreassureshermotherthattheywillmeetagain

COMPREHENSIONQUESTIONS 1. DrivingfrommyparentshometoCochinlastFriday Morning,Isawmymother,besideme,doze, openmouthed,herfaceashenlikethat Ofacorpseandrealizedwithpain Thatshethoughtaway. a)Wherewasthepoetcomingfrom?Wherewasshegoing? The poet had gone to her parents home to visit them. She was now going to Cochinairport. b)Howdoesthepoetdescribehermother? Thepoetdescribeshermotherasold,pale,coldandsenile.Asshedozedoffbeside her,themotherlookedalmostlikeacorpse,forherfacewascolorlessandseemed tohavelostthefervoroflife. d)Whodoessherefertointhelastline?Whatthoughtshadshedrivenaway?
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Sheherereferstothepoet.Thethoughtofhermothersapproachingdeathwhich shewantedtoputitaway. 2.andlookedbutsoon putthatthoughtaway,andlookedoutatyoung treessprinting,themerrychildrenspilling outoftheirhomes a)Whatwasthepoetlookingat?Whatdidshenotice? The poet was looking at her mother. She noticed the mothers ashen and almost lifelessfacedistraughtwithpain. b)Whatthoughtdidshetrytodriveaway? Shetriedtodriveawaythethoughtofhermothersapproachingdeath. c)Whydidthepoetstartlookingout?Whatdoeshergesturesuggest? The poet started looking out of the window because she wanted to drive away the pain and agony she experienced on seeing her aged mother. She wanted to drive awayherhelplessnessinthewakeofhermothersageingandapproachingdeath. d)Whatdidthepoetseefromthewindowofthecar? The poet saw young trees running past her car and merrychildren sprinting out of theirhomestoplay. e)Whatdidtheimagesofyoungtreesandmerrychildrensymbolize? Trees and children symbolize the spring of life, its strength, vigour and happiness whichcontrastswiththelifelessnessandhelplessnessthatsetsinwithage. 3.butaftertheairports securitycheck,standingafewyards away,Ilookedagainather,wan,pale asalatewintersmoon a)Wherewasthepoetstanding? The poet was at the Cochin airport waiting to board the plane after the security check. b)Whodoesherhereto?Howdidshelooklike? Herherereferstothepoetsmother.Shewasanagedladyandhencelookedpale, coldlikeacorpseandcolourless. c)Whydoesthenarratorlookatheragain? The narrator looked at her mother once again for the last time before she left to reassureherselfaboutthewellbeingofhermother.Shehadtriedtodriveawaythe painshehadfeltonseeingherweakandagedmother.Onelasttimeshelookedat hertowishhergoodbye. d)Explain:wan,paleasalatewintersmoon. In this simile, the poet compares the mothers pale and withered face with the winters moon. The moon seems to lose its brightness in the winter season as it is veiledbehindfogandmist.Themothersfacealsoseemedtohavelostitsradiance which was now misted by age. Winter symbolizes death and the waning moon symbolizesdecay.
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4.andfeltthatold familiarache,mychildhoodsfear, butallIsaidwas,seeyousoon,Amma, allIdidwassmileandsmileandsmile. a)Whatfamiliarachedidthepoetfeel? Thefamiliarachereferstothepoetsfearoflosinghermotherandtherealization that she has not cared and cannot care for her ageing mother. It is an ache of helplessness.Itisalsoafearofseparationfromthemotherorthemothersdeath. b)Whatcouldhavebeenthepoetschildhoodfears? Ithinkthepoetschildhoodfearwasthatshewouldlosehermotherorbeseparated fromherandthatdeathwouldconsumehermother. c)Didthepoetshareherthoughtswithhermother? Thepoetdidnotshareherfearsandagonywithhermother.Sheonlybidgoodbyeto herwiththehopeofseeinghersoon. d)Whydoyouthink,thepoetdidnotshareherthoughtswithhermother? I think the poet did not share her thoughts with her mother because they were caused by her fear of the unknown. Sharing them with the mother would have worriedthefrailoldwomantodeath. e)Whydidthepoetonlysmile? The poet only smiled to hide her guilt, anxiety and fear of the unknown. Also, she wantedtobidacheerfulfarewelltohermotherbeforeboardingtheflight. QUESTIONANDANSWERS 1.Whatisthekindofpainandachethatthepoetfeels? When the poet looks at her mothers face she found that it had become pale and withered.Sherealizedthathermotherwasattheedgeofherlifeandherendwas near. The thought that her mother would be soon separated form her caused unbearablepainandacheinthepoetsheart. 2 What does the poet do to shrug off the painful thought of her mothers approachingend? To get rid of painful thought her mothers nearing the poet looked out to seethe sprintingtreeandthehappychildren,burstingoutoftheirhouse. 3.Whydoesthepoetdrawtheimageofsprintingtreesandmerrychildren?
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Sprintingtreesandmerrychildrenburstingoutfromthedoorssuggestfreshlifeand warmenergy.Thepoetdrawsthisimagetostrikesasceneofcontrastwiththepale, dullandwitheredfaceofthemother.Herethecurtainisfallingandthelifecomingto an end and there the curtain is rising and fresh life is beginning and bubbling with energyandvitality. 4.Whyhavethetreesbeendescribedassprinting? The poet was driving in a car along with her mother. Her movement created the visionary,illusionofthetreesoutsideappearedtobesprintingpast. 5.Whyhasthemotherbeencomparedtothelatewintersmoon? The late winter moon lacks luster. The mothers face was pale and withered. Moreover, the late winter moon suggests the end of season and mother too is nearingtheendofherlife,thereforethepoetcomparesherwiththelatewinters moon. 6.Whatisthefamiliarache? Thefearoflosinghermotherhastorturedthepoetfromherverychildhoodbecause shehadbeenintimatelyboundupwithher.Thereforethisacheisfamiliartoher;itis knowntoher. 7.Whatdothepartingwordsofthepoetandhersmilesignify? Thepartingwordsofthepoetreflectthepoetspain.Butsheputsonasmileonher facetomaskherpainandtogivehope,happinessandreassurancetohermother. ANELEMENTARYSCHOOLCLASSROOMINASLUMBYSTEPHENSPENDER GISTOFTHEPOEM Inthispoemthepoetfocusesonthethemeofsocialinjusticeandinequalities. Hepresentsthepatheticandmiserablepictureoftheelementaryclassroomina slum. Thesechildrenhavepaleandlifelessfaces. They are like rootless weeds which are uncared and unwanted with their disorderlyhairtornaroundtheirfaces. Theyaredepressedandoppressedwiththeburdensoflifeandkeeptheirheads down.Theyhavestuntedgrowth. Theyinheritthediseasesoftheirfather. Someofthemdohavedreams.Asweetyoungboyissittingatthebackofthe dim classroom. He is dreaming of a squirrels game in the trees and probably otherinterestingthings. The walls are dirty and creamy and on them are hung the donations given by therichandalsoShakespearesportrait. A civilized dome found in the cities and Tyrolese valleys with beautiful flowers arealsoputup.
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The map on the wall shows the children, the beautiful world outside; but for thesechildrenoftheslumitismeaningless. Thechildrenstudyingintheseschoolsdonothavethemeanstogoandexplore theworld.Forthemwhattheyseethroughtheirclassroomwindows,thenarrow streetandtheleadskyistheworld. Shakespeareiswickedforthemashehaswrittenonlyabouttherich,beautiful worldtemptingthemtosteal. Themapisofnointeresttothembecauseitdoesnotreflecttheworldtheylive incrampedanddarklanes. Theirlivesstartindarknessandendsinutterdarkness. They are undernourished and their poverty has distorted their vision as they spendtheirwholetimeinfoggyslums. Thepoetfeelsthatthemapwhichshowsbeautifulandexoticplacesshouldbe replacedwithslumsasitisnottheworldtheylivein. Unless the governor inspector and visitor play a vital role in bringing about a change,theirliveswillremainindark. Theslumchildrenwillbeabletopeepthroughthewindowonlywhenthegap betweenthetwoworldsisbridged. Theyshouldbreakthebarrierstilltheycomeoutofthedirtysurroundingsand their world should be extended into the green fields, golden sands and bright world. Theyshouldhavethefreedomofexpressionandtheiroutlookbebroadened. For, only the educated and learned people can create history whose language hasstrengthandpower.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS 1.Unless,governor,inspector,visitor, Thismapbecomestheirwindowandthesewindows Thatshutupontheirliveslikecatacombs. (a)Whydoesthepoetinvokegovernor,inspectorandvisitor? The poet invokes the governor, inspector and visitor because they are the powerfulpeoplewhocanbringaboutadrasticchangeinthemiserablelivesofthe slumchildren.Theycanremovethesocialinjusticeandclassinequalities. (b)Whatdoesthismapreferto?Howcanitbecometheirwindow? Thismapreferstothebeautifulworldoftherich.Theirwindowreferstoholesand thestinkingslums oftheunfortunatechildrenoftheslum.Thiscanbecometheir windowonlywhenthedifferencebetweenthetwoworldsisabridged. (c)Whathavethesewindowsdonetotheirlives? Thesewindowshavecrampedtheirlives,stuntedtheirphysicalandmentalgrowth shuttingtheminsidefilthyanddingyholes. (d)Whatdoyouunderstandbycatacombs?
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 Catacombsarelongundergroundgraves.Heretheystandforthedirtyslumswhich blocktheirprogress. (e)Whichliterarydevicehasbeenused?Explain. Similehasbeenusedtodescribetheoppressiveeffectofthesurroundingsontheir pathetic lives. The simile is: these windows that shut upon their lives like catacombs. Answerthefollowingin3040words. 1.Whatisthethemeofthepoem? This poem deals with the theme of social injustice and class inequalities. The poet presentsitbytalkingoftwodifferentandincompatibleworlds.Theworldoftherich andthecivilizedhasnothingtodowiththeworldofthenarrowlanesandcramped holes.Thisgapcanbebridgedbytheauthorities. 2.Soblottheirmapswithslumsasbigasdoom.Whatdoesthepoetwanttoconvey? Thepoetisangryatthesocialequalitiesintheworld.Therearetwoworldsthedirty slumsandtheprosperousandthebeautifulworldoftherich.Thepoetwantsthemap oftheworldshouldalsohaveblotsofslumsasbigasthedoom.Inrealityhewants thegaptobereduced. 3.Historyistheirswhoselanguageisthesun.Explain. Thisstatementmeansthatthosewhohavethepowerandconfidenceinspeechto influence others create history. One can make a mark only if one can outshine others. Education only can give them power and strength like the sun which will bringaboutachangeinthelivesofthepeople. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE B.Readthestanzaandanswerthequestionsthatfollows: Surely,Shakespeareiswicked,themapabadexample, Withshipsandsunandlovetemptingthemtosteal Forlivesthatturnintheircrampedholes Fromfogtoendlessnights. i)Namethepoemandthepoet ii)WhyhasShakespearebeendescribedaswicked? iii)Whyisthemapabadexample? iv)Whattemptsthemtosteal? v)Howdothechildrencontinuetolive? vi)Explain:Fromfogtoendlessnight. C. Readthestanzaandanswerthequestionsthatfollows: Thestunted,unluckyheir Oftwistedbones,recitingafathergnarleddisease Hislessonfromhisdesk.Atthebackofthedimclass Oneunnoted,sweetandyoung.Hiseyesliveinadream Ofsquirrelsgame,intreeroom,otherthanthis.
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a)Whoisbeingreferredtointhefirsttwolines? b)Explainfathersgnarleddisease. c)Whositatthebackoftheclass?Howishedifferentfromothers? d)Explainhiseyesliveinadream? e)Whatisthecomparisondrawnwithsquirrelsgame? SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.Whatisthatthesechildreninheritfromtheirparents?Whatdoesitsignify? 2.Howhasthepoetdescribedthecolourofthewallandwhy? 3.Thepoetpresentstwodifferentworlds.Whatarethey? 4.Whatpictureoftheslumchildrendoesthepoetdraw? 5.Wheredoesthepoetseehopeandrelief? 6.Whatdoesthepoetmeanbysaying,Lettheirtonguerunnakedintobooks? 7.Describesomepoeticdevicesusedinthepoem.Giveexamples. 8.ExplainOpenhandedmap,awardingtheworlditsworld. KEEPINGQUIETBYPABLONERUDA GISTOFTHEPOEM The poet talks about the need of silence and quiet introspection and the importanceofquietudeandcalmness.Healsotalksaboutcreatingafeelingof mutualunderstandingamonghumanbeings. Thepoetasksustokeepstillandcountuptotwelve.Healsoasksustositstill. Foramomentweshouldnotspeakanylanguage.Weshouldnotmoveourarms somuch. Itwillbeamomentofcompletesilencewithoutrushorworry.Thiswouldbean exoticmoment. Thenasuddenstrangenesswillprevailwhichwewillallenjoy.Itwillbebliss. The fisherman would not harm the whales on the cold sea. Even the man gatheringsaltwouldstopworkingandlookathishurthandsandreflectatthe painandharmhisstrenuoustaskhascausedhim. All kinds of wars must be stopped at once. The green wars against the environment,warswithpoisonousgases,firearms,mustbestoppedatonce. Peoplewhoareallthetimepreparingforwarsleavingnosurvivorsbehindought tofindtimetowearclothesandwalkaroundwiththeirbrothersstrengthening themessageofpeaceandbrotherhood. Atthesametimethepoetcautionsnottoconfusestillnesswithtotalinactivity. Life is an ongoing process and should not be associated with death. It is to be livedwithpositiveattitude. Hedoesnotwantustoruminateoverdeath.
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Buthefeelsthatifforoncewedonotfocusourselvessinglemindedlytokeep ourlivesmovingbutdosomeintrospectionorspendsometimeinsilencedoing nothing, we can understand ourselves better and escape from the threatening callsofdeath. Theearthcanteachusalessonhoweverythingcomestoadeadendandcomes tolifeagain. In the same manner aquiet introspection can bring all evil thoughts to an end andbringinanewlifeofpeaceandtranquility. Nowthepoetwillcountuptotwelveandtheyshouldkeepquietandhewillgo.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS 1. Readthestanzaandanswerthequestionsthatfollows: Fishermeninthecoldsea Wouldnotharmwhales Andthemangatheringsalt Wouldlookathishurthands. a)Whatisfishermansymbolicof? The fisherman symbolizes mans indiscriminate exploitation of nature for his vested interests. b)Whatwillhappenwhenfishermendonotharmwhales? Thewhaleswillbenolongeronthevergeofextinction. c)Whathashappenedtothemangatheringsalt?Whatmusthedo? Themangatheringsalthasinjuredhishands.Hemusttakecareofhishurthands. d)Whatwouldhappeninthismomentofsilence? Hewillbecomeconsciousoftheharmcausingtoothersandtothemselves. e)Whatimagedoesthepoetcreateinthelastline? Hecreatestheimageofincessantsuffering.Inhisefforttoaddcomfortstohislifehe haspaidnoheedtothepainthatcausedhim. 2. Readthestanzaandanswerthequestionsthatfollows: Perhapstheearthcanteachus Aswheneverythingseemsdead Andlaterprovetobealive NowIllcountuptotwelve AndyoukeepquietandIwillgo. a)Whocanteachus? Theearthcanteachus. b)Whatdoesearthteachus? TheEarthcanteachushownewlifeemergesfromtheashesofthedeadremains. Likewisequietintrospectionwillenableustolivealifeofpeaceandtranquility. c)Whydoesthespeakercountuptotwelve? Itisapartofanexerciseinmeditation.Alldistractionsanddigressionsarewashed awayandmanisinamomentofbliss. d)ExplainyoukeepquietandIwillgo?
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The poet wants all to keep quiet and experience the moment of peace. He will go andpassonthemessagetoanothergroupofpeople. ShortAnswerQuestions 1.WhydoesPabloNarudaurgeustokeepstill? Stillnessisnecessaryforreflectionandquietintrospection.Wecanhearthevoiceof ourconscienceandthuswithdrawourselvesfromundesirableactions. 2.Undertheapparentstillnessthereislife.Justify. Thepoetdoesnotwanttoequatestillnesswithtotalinactivity.Undertheapparent stillnessthereislife.Wecanlearnitfromtheearthwheneverythingseemsdead,the earthstillremainsalive.Thelifeonearthgoesonundertheapparentstillness. 3.Whydomenbecomesad?Howcanthissadnessbeovercome? Men fail to understand themselves. They are always threatening themselves with death. When they do not understand themselves they become sad. A long silence mightinterruptthissadnessandmakethemgood. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE C.WhatIwantshouldnotbeconfused Withtotalinactivity Lifeiswhatitisabout Iwantnotruckwithdeath. 1.Namethepoemandthepoet? 2.Whatisthedesireofthepoet? 3.Whatdoestotalinactivityimply? 4. Why does the poet say that he does not want his wish to be confused with total inactivity? 5.ExplainIwantnotruckwithdeath. SHORTANSWERQUESTIONSFORPRACTICE 1. Whyshouldntwespeakanylanguageandmoveourarmssomuch? 2. Howdoesthepoetdistinguishstillnessfromtotalinactivity?Explain. 3. Iwantnotruckwithdeath.Explain. 4. Whatarethevariouswarsmentioned?Whatistheresultofthesewars? 5. Whatwouldbetheresultofquietude? ATHINGOFBEAUTYByJOHNKEATS GISTOFTHELESSON The Poet, John Keats says that beautiful things will never become nothing as theywillcontinuetoholdusintheirspellandsoothoursoul. Everybeautifulthingislikeabandthattiesustothisearthasitmakesuswant toliveandenjoythesethingsofbeauty.

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Andthesethingsofbeauty,accordingtothepoet,arethethingsthatgivehope tohumanbeingsandmakethemwanttolive,inspiteofallthesorrow,illhealth andunpleasantexperiencesthatwefaceonearth. Someofthebeautifulthingsonthisearththathavesuchaneffectonusarethe sun, the moon, trees, streams, flowers, forests, beautiful monuments that we haveerectedforthedead,allthelovelytalesthatwehaveheardorread. Finallyhecomparesallthesebeautifulthingstoimmortaldrinkornectargiven tousbygodsorgiftsofGod.ThushestateshisfirmbeliefintheDivine.

SolvedQuestions 1.Suchthesun,themoon, Treesoldandyoung,sproutingashadyboon Forsimplesheep;andsucharedaffodils Withthegreenworldtheylivein;andclearrills Thatforthemselvesacoolingcovertmake gainstthehotseason. a.Whatprovesablessingforthesheep? Trees, young and old provide a green covering which proves to be a blessing for the sheep. (b) Wheredodaffodilsbloom? Daffodilsbloomamongthegreensurroundings. (c) Whatprovetobepleasantsheltersinsummer? Thesmallstreamswithclearwaterprovetobecooling,pleasantsheltersinsummer. (d) Nametheobjectsofbeautyreferredtohere. (e) The sun, the moon, trees, daffodils and streams of clear water are the objects of beautymentionedherewhataccordingtoKeatsarethethingsthatcausesuffering andpain? Answer: The poet says that a scarcity of goodnatured people or in other words the wickedpeopleoutnumberthegoodpeople.Andthesourceofalloursorrowsiseither illhealthoranotherhumanbeing. (f) Whatmakeshumanbeingslovelifeinspiteofallthesuffering? Answer:Thepoetsaysthatthebeautifulthingsonearthliftsthepalloffourspiritsand makelifeworthliving.Eachbeautifulthingislikealinkthatformsachainorwreaththat bindsustothisearth.
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(g) Whydoesthepoetsaymightydead? Answer:Monumentsareerectedinmemoryofpeoplewhoweremightyorgreatwhen theylived.Physicallymightyasinmightywarriorsormentallymightasingreatpoets, writers or philosophers. Their tombs provide inspiration for the living through their beautyjustastheirworkscontinuetodo. Questionsforpractice: 1. Athingofbeautyisajoyforever Itslovelinessincreases,itwillnever Passintonothingness;butwillkeep abowerquietforus,andasleep fullofsweetdreams,andhealth,andquietbreathing Therefore,oneverymorrow,arewewreathing Aflowerybandtobindustotheearth. a.Whatisthespecialvirtueofabeautifulthing? b.Howdoesitblessus? c.ExplaintheexpressionAbowerquietforus. d.Whatdowedoeveryday? 2. themidforestbrake, richwithasprinklingoffairmuskroseblooms; andsuchtooisthegrandeurofthedooms whohaveimaginedforthemightydead; Alllovelytalesthatwehaveheardorread; Anendlessfountainofimmortaldrink, Pouringuntousfromtheheavensbrink. a. What do you mean by brake? Where does it grow? What makes it all the morebeautiful? b. Whatdoyoumeanbythegrandeurofthedooms? c. AlllovelytalesthatwehaveheardorreadExplain
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d. Whatisthesourceofthebeautyofnature?Whatisitseffectonus? 3. Someshapeofbeautymovesawaythepall fromourdarkspirits.Suchthesun,themoon, treesold,andyoung,sproutingashadyboon forsimplesheep;andsucharedaffodils withgreenworldtheylivein;andclearrills thatforthemselvesacoolingcovertmake gainstthehotseason;themidforestbrake Richwithasprinklingoffairmuskroseblooms a. Whatremovesthepallfromourdarkspirits? b. Whatsproutsashadyboonforsheepandhow? c. Howdodaffodilsandrillsenrichtheenvironment? d. Whatmakesthemidforestbrakerich? ShortanswerQuestions 1. Howdowewreatheafloweryband? 2. Whydohumanbeingssufferorwhatdepressesthehumansoul? 3. WhatdoesKeatsmeanbythegrandeurofdoom? 4. Mention4thingsofbeautylistedinthepoem? 5. Howdowebindourselvestotheeartheverymorning? 6. Whyandhowisgrandeurassociatedwiththemightydead? 7. Whatisthesourceoftheendlessfountainandwhatisitseffect? 8. Whatisthemessageofthepoem?
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AROADSIDESTANDByROBERTFROST Gistofthelesson RoadsidestandbyRobertFrostisconcernedwithhumantragediesandfears.He focuses on the ruralurban divide and presents the lives of the poor deprived peoplewithpitilessclarityandwiththedeepestsympathyandhumanity. Thedwellersofthelittlehousebytheroadsideputupalittleshedinfrontoftheir houseastheywantedtoearnalittleextramoneybutnotformakingtheirliving. Theruralpeoplewishtofeelsomerealmoneythatsupportsthecommerceofthe cities. Theshedwaspaintedartlesslyandstoodoutwhichmadethepassersbyirritated athavingthebeautyofthelandscapespoilt. Thetrafficflowedceaselesslyorifevertheystopped,theyfeltoutofsortson seeingNandSwrittenastheirmirrorimages. TheStandsoldwildberriesandgoldensquashforsale. Theownersoftheshedfeltcrosswhennobodywantedtobuyanything Thepoetfeelsthattheimplicationsoftheunstatedfactsaremorepathetic. The government announces schemes to allure such people and house them in villagesthatareneartothetheatreandthestore,toreapbenefitsfortheirown selfishneeds. Andthesocialworkersandpoliticiansenforcetheirdecisionsbyalluringthemand destroytheirabilitytoearntheirliving,thusstrippingthemofalldignityandtheir voice Thepoetisovercomewithpainatthethoughtofthepeoplewaitinginvainforthe vehicles.Ifeveranyvehiclestops,itwillbetoaskfordirections,takeauturn,and enquireaboutthepriceortoaskiftheysellgas. But the country people have never felt the extramoney in their hands and they complainaboutit. The poet wonders if it wouldnt be better if they were put out of their agony at onestrokebutthenwondersifsomeoneoffersthesamesolutiontohispain,how hewouldfeel.Killingisnotthesolutiontotheproblem. SolvedQuestions: 1. Itisinthenewsthatallthesepitifulkin Aretobeboughtoutandmercifullygatheredin Toliveinvillages,nexttothetheatreandthestone, Wheregreedygooddoers,beneficentbeastsofprey Swarmovertheirlivesenforcingbenefits Thatarecalculatedtosoothethemoutoftheirwits, Andbyteachingthemtosleepallday, Destroytheirsleepingatnighttheancientway.
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a) Whatisinthenews? It is in thenews that the poor are to be relocated to better surroundings near thetheatreandtheshops. b) Whichwordintheversemeansthesameasgenerousintheabovelines? Beneficent c) Whoisgoingtoexploittheruralpeopleandhow? The politicians and the Government exploit the poor by offering them benefits that are supposed to solve their problems but in reality only add or pose problemsofadifferentnaturetherebymakingthemfeelcheated. d) Howwillthegreedygooddoerssoothetheruralpooroutoftheirwits? Byofferingthemfreebenefitslikehousingandotherfacilities,theyrobthepoor oftheirvoicetoprotestandlullthemintoafeelingoffalsesecurity. e) Whoisreferredtoasbeastsofpreyandwhy? The politicians in power and in opposition and they make no difference in the conditionsoftheruralpoor. QuestionsforPractice 1. Thelittleoldhousewasoutwithalittlenewshed infrontattheedgeoftheroadwherethetrafficsped Aroadsidestandthattoopatheticallypled, Itwouldnotbefairtosayforadoleofbread, Butforsomeofthemoney,thecash,whoseflowsupports theflowerofcitiesfromsinkingandwitheringfaint, Thepolishedtrafficpassedwithamindahead, Orifeverasideamoment,thenoutofsorts. a. Wherewastheshedmade? b. Whydidtheyputuptheshed? c. Whyisthecashimportforthecities? d. Whydidntthepolishedtrafficstopattheroadsidestand? e. Whatwasbeingsoldattheroadsidestand? 2. Ofallthethousandselfishcarsthatpass, justonetoinquirewhatafarmerspricesare. Andonedidstop,butonlytoplowupgrass inusingtheyardtobackandturnaround; Andanothertoaskthewaytowhereitwasbound; Andanothertoaskcouldtheysellitagallonofgas Theycouldnt(thiscrossly);theyhadnone,didntitsee?
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a. b. c. d. Shortanswerquestions 1. Whydidthecountryfolkputuptheroadsidestand? Theyputoutastandtoearnsomeextramoney 2. Whyarethegooddoerssaidtobegreedy? The gooddoers work not for the real welfare of the poor but to further their owngreed. 3. ListthreereasonswhycarsdostopattheroadsideStand? The carowners stop at the roadside stand to inquire about the prices, to turn thecararound,askfordirectionsoraskforgas. 4. WhattheattitudeofthecityfolkwhopassedbytheRoadsideStand? Thecityfolkwereindifferentandcalloustowardstheplightoftheruralfolk. QuestionsforPractice 1. How did the country folk react when they knew why the passersby had stopped? 2. Whatdidthepeopleattheroadsidestandsell? 3. Whydoesthepoetcalltheirlongingaschildishandwhy? 4. Whyarethecountryfolkalwayslowinspirits? 5. Whatkindoflifedotheruralfolklead? 6. Howandwhydothegooddoerssoothethepooroutoftheirwits? 7. Whatwouldgivegreatrelieftothepoet? 8. Isthepoetseriousaboutthesuggestionheofferstoputthepeopleoutoftheir suffering? 9. How did the people feel when they knew they have been exploited? How and why? 10. WhatistheroleoftheGovernmentinthelivesoftheruralpeople?
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ExplainSelfishCars. Whatdidthecarownersgenerallydonotbotherabout? Whydopeoplegenerallystopthere? Whatmadetheruralpeoplecross?

AUNTJENNIFERSTIGERSByADRIENNERICH SUMMARYOFTHEPOEM: Thepoetisafeministandsheaddressesthedifficultiesofamarriedwoman. Shespendsgoodamountoftimeinembroideringpaneloftigersprancingacross thescreen. The tigers are fearless creatures pacing elegantly and majestically. They symbolize the spirit of freedom. Aunt is a victim of male chauvinism (male domination). Aunt Jennifer is so oppressed and terrified that she finds it hard to pull the needle. TheweightofUnclesweddingbandexpresseshowvictimizedandoppressed sheis.ItimpliesthatauntJenniferhastoworkhardtomeethisexpectation. Shespendsherlifeinfearbutsheembroidersonthepanelthefearlesstigersto expresshersecretlongingforalifeoffreedomandconfidence. Evenherdeathdoesnotendtheproblemandtorturewhichamarriedwoman experiences..

SOLVEDQUESTIONS 1.AuntJenniferstigerspranceacrossascreen, Brighttopazdenizensofaworldofgreen. Theydonotfearthemenbeneaththetree: Theypaceinsleekchivalriccertainty. a)WhatdoestheexpressionAuntJenniferstigersimply? AuntJenniferwasembroideringapanelofprancingtigers.Thepoetreferstothe tigersasAuntJenniferstigersbecausetheyarehercreation,herworkofart. b)Whatdoesprancingtigerssymbolize? PrancingtigersareasymbolofthespiritoffreedomwithinAuntJenniferwhich remainssubdued.Theyalsosymbolizeherfearofhermalecounterpart. c)Whyaretheyreferredtoasdenizensofaworldofgreen? The tigers are the dwellers of the green forest so they are referred to as denizens. d)Whatqualitiesofthetigersarehighlightedhere? Fearlessness and ferocity of the tigers are highlighted here. Aunt Jennifers nervousnessandtimidityareinsharpcontrasttowildferocityofthetigerswhoare notafraidofhuntingmen.UnlikeAuntJennifer,thetigersfearnothing. e)Explain;Theypaceinsleekchivalriccertainty.
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Themovementofthetigersaresleek,stealthy,sure,majesticandelegant.Theyaresure oftheirpurpose.Gallantandconfident,theymoveaheadfearlesslyundeterredbyany obstaclesorhindrances. 2.AuntJennifersfingersflutteringthroughherwool Findeventheivoryneedlehardtopull. ThemassiveweightofUnclesweddingband SitsheavilyuponAuntJennifershand. a)WhydoAuntJennifersfingersflutterthroughherwool? Aunt Jennifer lives in constant fear of her husband. She feels so nervous and terrified thatherhandsshakeandflutterwhenshesitsdowntoknit. b)Whydoesshefindithardtopulltheivoryneedle? Due to constant fear that she confronts has become a nervous wreck. She finds it difficult to pull the ivory needle through the tapestry more because of mental suppressionthanbecauseofphysicalweakness. c)Explain:massiveweightofUnclesweddingband. Theexpressionissymbolicofmaleauthorityandpower.Matrimonybindsthewoman physically as well as mentally. Likewise Aunt Jennifer is trapped in gender oppression andfeelsherselfburdenedbytheauthorityofherhusband. d)HowisAuntJenniferaffectedbytheweightofmatrimony? Aunt Jennifer cannot do things freely, she tries to come up to the expectation of her husband,sheseemstohavelostheridentity.Thefreedomthatshedreamsofthrough herartisitselfsymbolicofheroppressedself 3.WhenAuntisdead,herterrifiedhandswilllie Stillringedwithordealsshewasmasteredby. Thetigersinthepanelthatshemade Willgoonprancing,proudandunafraid. a)WhatisAuntJennifersdeathsymbolicof? AuntJennifersdeathissymbolicofhercompletesubmissiontohersuppression. b)Explain:terrifiedhands. AuntJenniferisterrifiedbyherdominatinghusbandandhenceherhandsareshivering. c)Whatdoesringedwithordealsimply? Aunt Jennifer has been so victimized in her life that even after death she remains trappedinthestrugglesofthespirit.ThoughwedonotknowwhatterrorsAuntJennifer hadtolivewithrelativesdid,wefindheravictimofgenderinjusticeandoppression. d)IsthesocietyinanywayaffectedbyAuntJennifersdeath?

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Sincethesocietyismaledominated,itshowsnoconcernforAuntssuffering,evenher death.Thelossofherfreedomisherindividualloss.Thesocietyisnotaffectedbyitand thestateofwomenstillremainsthesame. e)Explain:thetigersinthepanel.willgoonprancing,proudandunafraid. Theexpressionissymbolicofthedispassionateandunconcernedattitudeofthemale towardsthedesireforfreedomamongwomen.Evenafterherdeath,thesocialmilieu remainsunaffected,arrogantandferocious. SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.HowdothetigersmadebyAuntJenniferlooklike? Thetigers,madebyAuntJenniferonthescreen,arejumpingandplayingaboutwithout any fear of the men beneath the tree. They walk in elegance and style displaying the spiritofcourage,fearlessness,strengthandconfidence. 2.WhatdothetigersmadebytheAuntsymbolize? The tigers made by Aunt Jennifer symbolize the spirit of courage, strength and fearlessnessAuntJennifer,avictimofmaleoppression,expresseshercrushedfeelings intheformofart.So,thetigersaresymbolicofthefearofmaledominationwithwhich AuntJennifersuffers. 3.WhydoyouthinkAuntJennifershandsareflutteringthroughherwool?Whyisshe findingtheneedlesohardtopull? AuntJenniferisvictimizedbytheoverbearinganddominantnatureofherhusband.Her lifehasbecomeatortureduetohersuppressionbyheratrocioushusband.Thefearof herauthoritativehusbandhasgonesodeepintoherbeingthatsheseemstohavelost allstrengthandenergy.Thusherhandsshakeandfluttersomuchthatsheisnoteven abletopulltheneedlethroughthetapestry. 4.Whatdoyouunderstandbymassiveweightofunclesweddingband? Generallyweddingbandisasymbolofjoyandhappiness.ButincaseofAuntJennifer, it has become a symbol of torture and oppression. Her relationship with her authoritative husband has become a painful burden to carry. Her wedding band has broughtheraworldofpain,miseryandtorture.Shehaslostherfreedomandentereda worldofhumiliationandoppression. 5.Explainherterrifiedhandswilllie,stillringedwiththeordealsshewasmasteredby. These lines convey Aunts complete submission to the oppressive authority of her husband. The fear of her husband has gone so deep into her being that even death cannot liberate her from the chains of her mental suppression. Memories of her husbandstorturesandatrocitieswhichbentherintoahumiliatingslaverywillcontinue tohauntherevenafterherdeath. 6.ExplainThetigersinthepanelproudandunafraid.
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 Herethetigerssymbolizetheunquestionedauthorityofmanenjoyedbyhimoverhis woman counterpart. The lines suggest the dispassionate and unconcerned attitude of the male towards the desire for freedom among women. Here, Aunt Jennifer tries to findanescapeinherartbutendsupportrayinganimageofherownsuppression.While woman can never freeherself from the oppressive authority of her male counterpart, themale,ontheotherhandwillgoonenjoyinghisauthoritativearroganceandferocity withoutanyfearofregrets. FLAMINGO(PROSE) THELASTLESSONbyAlphonseDaudet GISTOFTHELESSON Franzisafraidofgoingtoschoolashehasnotlearntparticiples. Hewantstoenjoybeautyofnature.Thebrightsunshine,thebirdschirrupingin thewoods,Prussiansoldiersdrillingbutresisted. Bulletin board: all bad news, lost battles, the drafts and orders of the commandingofficers:wonderedwhatitcouldbenow Thechangeshenoticedintheschool. - InsteadofnoisyclassroomseverythingwasasquietasSundaymorning - Theteacherdoesnotscoldhimandtoldhimverykindlytogotohisseat - TheteacherdressedinhisSundaybest. - VillagersoccupyingthelastbenchesTopaytributetoM.Hamelforhis40 yrsofsincereserviceandalsotoexpresstheirsolidaritywithFrance. M.HamelmakingtheannouncementthatthatwouldbethelastFrenchlesson; realizesthat,thatwaswhatwasputuponthebulletinboard. Franzrealizesthathedoesnotknowhisownmothertongue Regrettedwhyhehadnottakenhislessonsseriously. AlsorealizesthereasonwhyteacherwasdressedinhisSundaybestandvillagers sittingattheback. M.Hamelrealizesthatallthree,hehimself,thechildrenandtheparentsareto beblamedforlosingrespectandregardforthemothertongue. Alwayskeepthemothertongueclosetoyourheartasitisthekeytotheprison ofslavery. Atmosphere in class: teacher teaching sincerely and patiently, students and othersstudyingwithutmostsincerity. FranzwonderssarcasticallyifPrussianscouldforcepigeonstocooinGerman. M. Hamel overcome with emotions could not speak and wrote on the black boardLongLiveFrance.
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 SOLVEDQUESTIONS: SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS: 1.Whatwasthenarratorsgreatestfearashemovedtowardstheschool? Franzhadstartedlateforschoolandthuswasafraidofbeingscolded.Hisfeargripped himfurtherforhewasalsounprepared.Hehadnotlearnthislessonregardingtherules ofparticiplesandthusdreadedtheteachersanger. 2.WhatwasmoretemptingtoFranzratherthangoingtoschool? Theweatherwaspleasant,warmandbright.Thechirrupingbirdswereinvitinghim,the soldiers drilling in the field were also outdoors and Franz was not prepared with participles. 3.Whatwasthenewswhichwasputuponthebulletinboard? For the last two years all bad news the lost battles, the orders of the commanding officerwasdisplayedonthenoticeboard.Thatday,thenewsthatonlyGermanwould be taught in school of Alsace and Lorraine was displayed on the noticeboard which madethecrowdgathertheretoreadthenews. 4.Whatwassounusualabouttheschoolonthatday? Usually there would be a great bustle of opening and closing of the desk, lesson repeatedloudlyandtheteachersrulerrappingonthetablebutthatdaywasverycalm and quiet like Sunday morning. The back benches which were usually empty were occupiedbythevillagepeopleandM.Hamelworehisspecialdressandwaspacingup anddownwitharulerunderhisarm. 5.Whywerethevillagersseatedonthebackbenches? Allthevillageelderswereseatedonthebackbenchesasatributetotheteacherwho hadputin40yearsofsincereservice.Itwasalsotheirwayofexpressingregretfornot learning their mother tongue when they had the chance. They were also expressing theirpatriotismandsolidaritywithFrance 6.FranzdidntlearnFrenchwhomdidM.Hamelblame? M.HameldidntblameFranzfornotlearningbuthisparentswhowerenotanxiousto have him learn. Instead they wanted him to work on a farm or at the mill to earn money. EvenM.Hamelwasalsotobeblamedforsendinghimtowatertheflowersinsteadof learningandwhenhewantedtogofishinghedeclaredholiday. 7.WhatdidM.HamelsayaboutFrenchlanguage? Hesaidthatitisthemostbeautifullanguageintheworldtheclearest,themostlogical. He requested them to guard it so that they can be united and fight back for their freedom. 8.Whathappenedwhenthechurchclockstruck12? The moment the church clock struck 12 the Prussian army came to take over and M. Hamelstoodup,wantedtotellsomethingbuthisvoicewaschocked.Hegatheredhis strength and wrote on the black board as large as he could Vive La France and dismissedtheschool.
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 LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.JustifythetitleofthestoryTheLastLesson. ValuePoints People always feel there is plentyof time to learnso also in Alsacenow no time parentsnotkeenpreferredchildren,workinfarms,millFranzlookedopportunityto escape schoolnever seriousreceive orders from Berlinpeople realize importance oftheirlanguageattendthelastlessonbyM.Hamel. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhydidFranznotwanttogotoschool? 2.WhydidntM.HamelpunishFranzeventhoughhewaslate? 3.MentionthethreechangesthatFranznoticedintheschool? 4.WhatannouncementdidM.Hamelmakeandwhatwasitsimpact? 5.Whatdoyouthinkwaswrittenonthebulletinboard? 6.WhydidM.Hamelsayaboutknowingoneslanguageisakeytoprison? 7.WhomdidMr.HamelblamefornotlearningtheFrench? 8.Whatchangeshavetakenplaceintheschoolinthelastfortyyears? 9.WhatdidhemeanbyVivaLaFrance? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WriteanoteonthecharacterofM.Hamelasateacher? 2.Doyouthinkthestorytouchesuponthebrutalitiesofwar?Comment. 3. What thunderbolt did the narrator receive on reaching the school? How was he affectedbyit? 4.AttheendofthelastlessonM.Hamelwrote,VivaLaFranceontheboardinbold letters.WhydoyouthinkhewrotethatandhowdidheexpectthepeopleofAlsace Lorrainetokeeptheiridentityintact? LOSTSPRING STORIESOFSTOLENCHILDHOODByAneesJung GISTOFTHELESSON Theauthorexaminesandanalysestheimpoverishedconditionsandtraditionsthat condemnchildrentoalifeofexploitationthesechildrenaredeniedaneducation andforcedintohardshipsearlyintheirlives. ThewriterencountersSahebaragpickerwhoseparentshaveleftbehindthelife ofpovertyinDhakatoearnalivinginDelhi.

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HisfamilylikemanyotherfamiliesofragpickerslivesinSeemapuri.Theydonot haveotheridentificationotherthanarationcard. Thechildrendonotgotoschoolandtheyareexcitedattheprospectoffindinga coinorevenatenrupeenoteforrummaginginthegarbage. Itistheonlywayofearningthelifetheyliveinimpoverishedconditionsbutare resignedtotheirfate. The writer is pained to see Saheb, a rag picker whose name means the ruler of earth,losethesparkofchildhoodandroamsbarefootedwithhisfriends. FrommorningtonoontheauthorencountershiminateastallandispaidRs.800 He sadly realizes that he is no longer his own master and this loss of identity weighsheavilyonhistendershoulders. The author then tells about another victim, Mukesh who wants to be a motor mechanic. Hailing from Firozabad, the centre of Indias bangle making and glass blowing industry,hehasalwaysworkedintheglassmakingindustry. Hisfamilyliketheotherstheredonotknowthatitisillegalforchildrentoworkin suchcloseproximitytofurnaces,insuchhightemperatures. Theyareexposedtovarioushealthhazardslikelosingtheireyesightastheywork inabysmalconditions,indarkanddingycells. Mukeshsfatherisblindaswerehisfatherandgrandfatherbeforehim. Theyleadahandtomouthexistenceastheyarecaughtintheviciouswebofthe moneylenders,middlemen,policeandthetraditions SoburdenedarethebanglemakersofFirozabadthattheyhavelosttheirabilityto dreamunlikeMukeshwhodreamsofdrivingacar.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. WhatdoesSahebdoforliving?Why?

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Sahebisaragpicker.HisfamilyhasleftthelifeofpovertybehindinDhakaintopursue their dream of finding a better life.The children like him have no access to Education andareforcedintoragpicking 2. Sahebisnolongerhisownmaster,saysthewriter.Whatdoesshemean? The writer means that having accepted the job with the teastall, Saheb has lost the independencethatheenjoyedasaragpicker,eventhoughhewaspoor.Althoughhe willnowbeabletosupplementthefamilyincome,itwillbeatthecostofhisfreedom, whichisdifficult,bindingandunfairforsomeonesoyoung. 3. WhydidpeoplemigratefromthevillageinDhakatoDelhi? Bettereducation,jobopportunitiesandlivingconditions. 4. WhattradedoesthefamilyofMukeshfollow?Whydoesthewriterfeelthatit willbedifficultforMukeshtobreakawayfromthistradition? Engaged in bangle makingdifficult to break away from this trade. He belongs to the caste of bangle makers His family is caught in the web of sohukars, the middlemen, policemen,politiciansandbureaucrats,fromwhichthereisnoescape. 5. Whatdoesgarbagesymbolizefortheadultsandchildren? Adultsmeansofearningalivelihood. Childrenwrappedinwonder,magical LONGANSWERQUESTION 1. Lost Spring, is a sad commentary on the political system of our country that condemnsthousandsofpeopletoalifeofabjectpoverty.Comment. Saheb,optimisticandenthusiasticprospectoffindinggoldingarbagelikesgoingto schoolbutnoopportunityfreedomandjoyofchildhoodtoburdensofjobatteastall. Mukesh, born at Firozabad (bangle maker)works under inhuman conditiondark room, hot furnacescaught in web of povertyvicious circle of sahukars, policemen, politicians,bureaucratesandmoneylendersresignedtofateunawareofchildlabour actstifiledinitiationandhopeloseeyesightbeforebecomingadults.
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QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS a. DescribeSeemapuri. b. WherehasSahebcomefromandwhy? c. Describethelivingconditionsofbanglemakers? d. Promises made to poor children are never kept. Explain with examples fromthelesson. e. Mentionthehazardsofworkinginthebangleindustry. f. DoyouthinkMukeshwillrealizehisdreamofbecomingacarmechanic? g. Hisdreamsloomlikeamirage.Whosedreamsarebeingreferredtoand whyaretheycomparedtoamirage? h. Togethertheyhaveimposedthebaggageonthechildthathecannotput down.Whodotheyreferto?Whatisthebaggageandwhycanthechild notgetridofit? i. WhatwasSahebsfullname?Howisitironical?

LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.Likeallchildrenofhisage,Sahebalsohad manyhopesanddreams.Doyou thinkchildrenlikeSahebareabletofulfiltheirdreams? 2. Politicians exploit all people and situations to their own benefit. Comment, keepinginviewsthesituationofrefugeesinSeemapuri. 3.Sahebwantstoblossomandbloombutisnippedinthebud.Elaborate. 4.SahebandMukesharebrothersinpenuryandsuffering.Discuss.
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DEEPWATERBYWILLIAMDOUGLAS THEME In this essay William O. Douglas talks about his fear of water and how he finally overcomesitbyhiscourage,determination,handwork,strongwillpower,perseverance andthedesiretolearn.Ifthesearepracticedwecandefinitelyachievesuccessinallour endeavors. GISTOFTHELESSON WilliamO.Douglashadadesiretolearnswimmingsincechildhood. At the age of three or four, he was knocked down and buried by a wave at a beachinCalifornia. Hedevelopedagreataversiontowater. Attheageoftenorelevenhedecidedtolearntoswimwithwaterwingsatthe Y.M.C.Apoolsinceitwassafeattheshallowend. A misadventure: while sitting alone and waiting for others to come at the Y.M.C.Apool,abigboycameandthrewDouglasintodeependofthepool. Douglasswallowedwaterandwentstraightdowntothebottomofthepool. Whilegoingdownheplannedtomakeabigjumpupwardsbutcameupslowly. Starkterrorseizedhim. Triedtoshoutbutcouldnot Ashewentdownthepoolsecondtime,hetriedtojumpupwardsbutitwasa wasteofenergy. Terrorheldhimdeeperanddeeper. Duringthethirdtrialhesuckedwaterinsteadofair. Lightwasgoingoutandtherewasnomorepanic. Soheceasedalleffortsandhebecameunconscious. Hecrossedtooblivion. Whenrevivedhefoundhimselfvomitingbesidethepool. He was in grip of fear of water and it deprived him of the joys of canoeing, boatingswimmingandfishing. Hiredaninstructortolearnswimming. Theinstructortaughthimswimmingpiecebypiece. Hewenttodifferentlakestoswim andfoundtinyvestigesoffearstillgripped him. Hechallengedthefearandswam. SwimmingupanddowntheWarmLakehefinallyovercamehisfearofwater. Herealizedthatindeaththereispeaceandthereisterroronlyinfearofdeath. Willtoliveisstrongerthanfearofdeath.
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SOLVEDQUESTIONS: SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhywastheYMCApoolconsideredsaferwhencomparedtotheYakimaRiver? YakimaRiverwasverydeep,treacherousandthereweremanycasesofdrowningbut theYMCApool onlytwoorthreefeetdeepattheshallowend:andwhileitwas nine feetatthedeepend.SoYMCApoolwasconsideredsaferwhencomparedtotheYakima River. 2.Whendidhisaversiontowaterbegin? His aversion to water began when he was 3 4 years old when his father took him to Californiabeach.Therethewavesknockedhimdownsweptoverhim. 3.Whatwasthemisadventurethathappenedoneday? William Douglas had just learnt swimming. One day, an eighteen year old big bruiser pickedhimupandtossedhimintotheninefeetdeependoftheYMCApool.Hehitthe watersurfaceinasittingposition.Heswallowedwaterandwentatoncetothebottom. Henearlydiedinthismisadventure. 4.Whatstrategydidherememberashewentdownthewater? Tohitthebottomandspring/jumpupwards,bobtothesurface likeacorkandcomeout. 5.WhateffectdidthedrowningintheYMCApoolhaveontheDouglas? weakandtrembling hauntingfear deprivedofthejoyofcanoeing,boatingandswimming. 6.Whatmethoddidheadopttoovercometerror? Rigoroustraining(breathingmovingoflegs,etc) wenttolakeWentworthandswamfortwomiles. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1. HowdidthemisadventureinYMCApoolaffectDouglas?Howdidheovercome it? wastenorelevendecidedlearnswim anolderboypushedalmostdrowned hauntingfeargrippedhim couldnotenjoyanywatersports finallydecidedtohireaninstructor sevenmonthsinstructormadeaswimmer releasedtheinstructor vestigesremained swaminLakeWentworth challengedtheterror swamacrossWarmlake shoutedwithjoyconqueredthefearofwater thereisterroronlyinthefearofdeathandpeaceindeath. thewilltolivebecamestronger.
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 QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. WhydidmotherwarnDouglasagainstRiverYakima? 2. WhatimpactdidtheincidentatCaliforniabeachhaveonhim? 3. Whatmadehimdecidethattheinstructorsroleinteachinghimswimmingwas over? 4. Why did Douglas go to Lake Wentworth in New Hampshire? How did he make histerrorflee? 5. Whatlargermeaningdidtheexperiencehaveonhim? 6. HowdidheinterpretRooseveltssaying? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1. What is the misadventure that William Douglas speaks about? What were the seriesofemotionsfearsexperiencedwhenhewasthrownintothepool?Whatplans didhemaketocometothesurface? 2.HowdidtheinstructorbuildaswimmeroutofDouglas? 3.WhydoesDouglasasanadultrecountachildhoodexperienceofterrorandhis conqueringofit?Whatlargermeaningdoeshedrawfromhisexperience? 4.Commentontheappropriatenessofthetitle. INDIGObyLouisFischer GISTOFTHELESSON Raj Kumar Shukla A poor sharecropper from Champaran wishing to meet Gandhiji. RajKumarShuklailliteratebutresolute,hencefollowedGandhijitoLucknow, Cawnpore,Ahmedabad,Calcutta,Patna,MuzzafarpurandthenCamparan. ServantsatRajendraPrasadsresidencethoughtGandhijitobeanuntouchable. Gandhiji considered as an untouchable because of simple living style and wearing,duetothecompanyofRajKumarShukla. DecidedtogotoMuzzafarpurfirsttogetdetailedinformationaboutChamparan sharecropper. Sent telegram to J B Kriplani & stayed in Prof Malkanis home a government servant. Indiansafraidofshowingsympathytothesupportersofhomerule. ThenewsofGandhijisarrivalspreadsharecroppersgatheredinlargenumber tomeettheirchampion. GandhijichidedtheMuzzafarpurlawyerfortakinghighfee.

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Champaran district was divided into estate owned by English people, Indians onlytenantfarmers. Landlords compelled tenants to plant 15% of their land with indigo and surrendertheirentireharvestasrent. In the meantime Germany had developed synthetic indigo British landlords freed the Indian farmers from the 15% arrangement but asked them to pay compensation. Manysigned,someresistedengagedlawyers,landlordshiredthugs. Gandhiji reached Champaran visited the secretary of the British landlord associationtogetthefactsbutdeniedashewasanoutsider. GandhijiwenttotheBritishOfficialCommissionerwhoaskedhimtoleaveTirhut , Gandhiji disobeyed, went to Motihari the capital of Champaran where a vast multitudegreetedhim,continuedhisinvestigations. Visitedmaltreatedvillagers,stoppedbythepolicesuperintendentbutdisobeyed theorder. Motihari black with peasants spontaneous demonstrations, Gandhiji released withoutbailCivilDisobediencetriumphed. Gandhijiagreedto25%refundbythelandowners,itsymbolisedthesurrenderof theprestige. Gandhijiworkedhardtowardssocialeconomicreforms,elevatedtheirdistress aidedbyhiswife,MahadevDesai,NarhariParikh. Gandhiji taught a lesson of self reliance by not seeking help of an English man Mr.Andrews.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhoisRajkumarShukla?Giveapensketchofhim. RajkumarisasharecropperfromChamparan.Hewaspoorandemaciated. 2.DescribetheeffortsmadebyShuklaforbringingGandhijitoChamparan. Heisveryresolute.HefollowedGandhijitoCawnpore,Ahmedabad,Calcutta,Patna andthentoChamparan. 3.WhatstrategyGandhijifollowedinremovingtheproblemsofsharecroppers? Gandhiji discussed the problems with lawyers. He disregarded British order of eviction.Heinsistedpeasantstoremovedtheirfear 4.WhydidGandhijifeelthatitwasuselessforthepeasantstogotolawcourts? Thepeasantsarecrushedandfearstricken.Thelawyerschargedhighfee. 5.WhydidtheBritishlandlordsfreethesharecropperfromgrowingIndigo?Whatdid theywantinstead? TheBritishcametoknowthatsyntheticindigowasdevelopedinGermanyandthe 15%oflandwasreleasedandinreturnthepeasantswereaskedtopaycompensation forreleasefromtheagreement.
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6.WhydidGandhijiagreeforthe25%refundbytheBritishlandlords? Gandhiji agreed for 25% refund because the amount was not important but the landlordsprestigewassurrendered. 7. Describe the social economic reforms introduced by Gandhiji in Champaran villages? Gandhijiopenedprimaryschoolsinsixvillages.Healsoengagedadoctor. 8.WhatwastheimportantlessontaughtbyGandhijitohisdisciples? Gandhiji taught rules of personal hygiene and cleanliness. He also taught the ChamparanstowinfreedomindependentlywithoutanysupportofBritish. LONGANSWERQUESTION 1.WhydidGandijiconsiderfreedomfromfearmoreimportantthanlegalinjusticefor thepoorpeasantsofChamparan? ValuePoints British ruthless exploitationfarmers fight through lawyersbattles were inconclusiveterrorstrickenGandhijisdeclarationnoneedoflawcourtovercome terrorbeboldandcourageous. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhatmadeGandhijiurgethedepartureoftheBritish? 2.GiveabriefaccountofthereceptionthatGandhijigotinMOthihar. 3.WhatmadeMahatmaGandhideclarethebattleofChamparaniswon? 4.HowdidGandhijikeepadistantwatchontheAshram? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhydidGandhijiscasualvisittoChamparangetextendedtooverayear? 2.Howdidcivildisobediencetriumph? 3.WhatideadoyouformabouttheBritishersfromthechapterIndigo? 4.Howdidthepeasantslearncourage? TheRatTrapbySelmaLagerlof GISTOFTHELESSON Thepeddlerwasavagabondwhosoldrattrapswithalittlethieveryontheside tomakebothendsmeet.Hadnoworldlypossessiontocallhisown,notevena name.

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Itamusedhimtothinkoftheworldasarattrapandallthematerialpossessions asbaitastheworld,hefeltwasneverkindtohim.Moreover,hepridedhimself inthefactthathewasoutofit. Takesshelteratacrofterscottage.Thecrofterwelcomedhim,gavehimdiner, shared his pipe, played mjolis with him also confided in him about his income andshowedhimwhereheputit. Next morning, the Peddler steals the money and takes the back roads to keep awayfrompeopleandgetslostinthejungleatnight.Whilehewandersinthe forestherealizesthathehasalsogotcaughtintherattrapandthatthemoney wasthebait. Finally reaches Ramsjo ironworks, where he takes shelter for the night. The blacksmithandhisassistantignorehimbutthemastermistakeshimtobeanold acquaintance and invites him home. Though the Peddler does not correct the ironmaster,hopingtogetsomemoneyoutofhim,hedeclineshisinvitation. The ironmaster then sends his daughter who persuades him to go home with her. She notices his uncouth appearance and thinks that either he has stolen somethingorhehasescapedfromjail. ThePeddlerisscrubbed,bathed,givenahaircut,ashaveandasuitofoldclothes oftheironmaster.Inthemorninglight,theironmasterrealizesheismistaken and that he is not the Captain. He wants to call the Sheriff. The peddler is agitatedandbreaksoutthattheworldisrattrapandhetooissuretobecaught in it. The ironmaster is amused but orders him out. The compassionate Edla convincesherfatherthatheshouldspendtheChristmasdaywithhim. The Peddler spends the whole of Christmas Eve eating and sleeping. The next dayatchurch,EdlaandherfathercometoknowthatthePeddlerisathiefwho stolethirtykronersfromthepoorcrofter. Backhome,theyfoundaletteraddressedtoEdla,signedasCaptainVonStahl andarattrapasagiftfromthecrofter.Intherattrapwerethethreetenkroner notesofthecrofter.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUSTIONS 1. WhydidthePeddlerchoosetogothroughtheforest?

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After stealing the thirty kroners from the crofter, the Peddler knew that he would be caughtandputinprisonifhecontinuedtowalkbythemanroad.Sohechosetheback roadsthatwentthroughtheforest. 2. WhydidthePeddlernotrevealhistrueidentitywhentheironmastermistakes himtobetheCaptain? ThePeddlerthoughtthattheironmastermighttakepityonhimgivehimsomemoneyif hethoughthewasanoldacquaintance.Sohekeepsquietandallowstheironmasterto presumehewasthecaptain. 3. Whydiditpleasethetramptocomparetheworldtoarattrap? Theworldwasnotverykindtothetrampandsoitgavehimgreatpleasuretothinkofit asarattrap. 4. WhydidthetrampsigntheletterasCaptainVonStahl? Thetramp,thoughilliterateandathief,foundhimselfraisedtoacaptainthroughEdlas kindness and compassion. He got a chance to redeem himself and hence he signs the letterasCaptainVonStahl. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.BoththeCrofterandEdlaWillmansonwerekindandhospitabletotheTramp.Buthe repayscroftersKindnessbystealinghismoneywhileEdlaisabletotransformhimtoa betterhumanbeing.Why? ValuePoints: Crofterveryhospitable.Welcomeshimwitha smilegiveshimsupperandshareshis tobacco.Tellshimaboutincomeshowshimthemoneyverytrustingandfriendly. StealingawayoflifeforthetrampnotwingeofconsciencewhilestealingButlaterhe realizesthathewhopridedhimselfinnotbeingcaughtintherattrapwascaughtinitby stealingfeelsdepressed. EdlaskindnessandhospitalityawakenshisconscienceRealisesthatthereisawayout ofthetrapReturnsthemoneythroughEdlaHisredemptiongifttoEdla. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE: 1. The world was a rattrap and the peddler himself became a victim of it. Elucidate. 2. The rattrap exemplifies the truth that essential goodness of human can be awakenedthroughunderstandingandlove.Discuss
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3. The story focuses on human loneliness and the need to bond with others. Explain. POETSANDPANCAKESbyASOKAMITRAN. GISTOFTHELESSON The Gemini studio owned by S.S.Vasan was one of the most influential film Producing Organizations of India in the early years of Indian film making industry. Themakeupdepartmentofstudioslookedlikeahaircuttingsalon. Hadlightsatallangles,halfdozenmirrors,incandescentlights Theartistsweresubjectedtomiserywhileapplicationofmakeup. The makeup department, consisting of people from different parts of the country,wasauniqueexampleofNationalIntegration. Astricthierarchywasmaintainedinthemakeupdept. Narrator worked in a cubicle tearing newspapers, thought he was free, people bargedinalways. KothamangalamSubbu,no.2atGeministudios,wasalwayscheerful,tailormade forfilms,endowedwithgreatcreativity,charitableyethadenemies Hewasloyalandfaithful,veryclosetoboss. Hecouldoffervariousalternativesforhowascenecouldbeinvented.Subbu,in fact,gavedirectiontoGeministudiosduringitsgoldenyears. The story Department of the studios comprising of a lawyer, officially knownaslegaladviserbutwastreatedtheopposite.Oncehebroughtasadend tothecareerofabrilliantandpromisingyoungactress. Storydeptwounduplawyerlostjob. Afavoritehauntforpoets MostpeopleworeKhadi,worshippedGandhi,knewnothingaboutpolitics. Againstcommunism,believedthatacommunistwasagodlessman A warm welcome was accorded to moral Re Armament Army (MRA) by the Gemini studios. They presented two plays Jothan Valley and The forgotten FactorwhichhadagreatinfluenceonTamildrama. THEMRAwasastrongcountermovementagainstcommunism. TheGeministudiosagaingotanopportunitytowelcomeanEnglishpoetoran Editor. But the people of Gemini Studio could not comprehend the purpose as wellasthelanguageofthepoetoreditor,sohisvisitwasamystery. Lateron,hecametoknowthatthevisitorwastheeditorofTheEncounterand hisnamewasStephenSpender. The God That Failed was the collection of six essays by six men of letters including Spender. These essays described separately their journey into communismandtheirdisillusionedreturn. Mysterywassolved.
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SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. Describe the makeup room of the Gemini studios, as given in the poets and pancakes? ThemakeuproomoftheGeministudiohadincandescentlights.Italsohadlightsatall angles, large mirrors. Those subjected to makeup had to face bright light and a lot of heatthere.Itwasontheupperflooroftheoabuildingthatwasbelievedtohavebeen RobertClivesstables. 2. Howwasthemakeuproomafineexampleofnationalintegration? ThemakeuproomwasheadedbyaBengali,succeededbyaMaharashtrian,assistedby aDharwarKannadiga,anAndhra,aMadrasi,ChristianandanAngloBurmese. 3. Howdidthelegaladvisorbringasadendtothebriefandbrilliantactingcareer ofanextremelytalentedinthestudios? Thelegaladvisor(lawyer)quietlyswitchedontherecordingequipmentwhenonceshe blew over on the sets against the producer. When the actress paused for breath, he played back the recording. She was struck dumb on hearing her own voice and never recovered from the shock. That was the end of the brief and brilliant career of the actress. 4. WhatdoesTheGodThatFailedreferto? The God That Failed refers to a collection of essays by six eminent literary personalities, about their journey into communism and disillusionment. Stephen Spenderwasoneoftheauthors. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.Theauthorhasusedgentlehumortopointouthumanfoibles.Pickoutinstancesof thistoshowhowthisservestomakethepieceinteresting. authorusesgentleandsubtlehumorbringouthumanfoibles useofpancakeostensiblytocoverthepores Theactorslookugly. Stricthierarchy. peopleatthestudioimaginedtobepoetsyetnoideaaboutcontemporary Poetslaughinglybringsouttheirignorance worekhadilookedgandhiannoideaaboutpolitics noideaofcommunismwelcomedMRA,StephenSpendor DescriptionofofficeboyDescriptionofSubbuwonderfulinsightintocharacter. pokesfunattheignoranceofallthepeople atthesametimeprojectingthemasrealpeoplewithhumanfailings andeccentricitiesandfoibles. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.Bringoutthegentlehumorthatthemakeupdepartmentpresent? 2. Why did the author want to know more about the periodical The Encounter? Whatdidhefinallydiscover? 3.Astricthierarchywasmaintainedinthemakeupdepartment.Explain.
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3.Whywasthenarratorprayingforcrowdshootingallthetime? 4.Whatismeantbypancakesinthechapter?Whatdoyouknowabouttheliterary tasteofthetasteofGeminiasfarEnglishpoetryisconcerned? 5.WhatwasthesuspenseaboutanothervisitorGeminiStudiowastowelcome? 6.Giveabriefdescriptionofthelawyer. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.AttemptacharactersketchonKothamangalamSubbu. 2. The Officeboy in the makeup department of Gemini Studios has the shades of a typical universal character lured by glitter and glamour and doomed to frustration. Discuss. 3.DescribethemakeupdepartmentofGeministudio. 4. The staff at Gemini Studio enjoyed the MRA while the visit of the English poet remainedanunexplainedmystery.Discuss. THEINTERVIEWbyChristopherSylvester GISTOFTHELESSON PARTI Interviewhasbecomeacommonplaceofjournalism.Opinionsonthefunctions, methodsandmeritsofInterviewvaryconsiderably. Someclaimittobethehighestform,asourceoftruthandinitspracticeanart. Some despise the interview as an unwarranted intrusion into lives, which diminishestheirpersonality. o V.S.Naipaulfeelsthatsomepeoplearewoundedbyinterviewsandlose apartofthemselves. o LewisCarrollneverconsentedtobeinterviewedforhebelievedittobe ajusthorroroftheinterviewer. o Rudyard Kipling considered it immoral, a crime, an assault that merits punishment. o H.G.Wellsreferredinterviewingtobeanordeal. o SaulBellowdescribesitlikethumbprintsonhiswindpipe. Despite the drawbacks interview is a supremely serviceable medium of communication.Interviewsarethemostvividimpressionofourcontemporaries andtheinterviewerholdsapositionofunprecedentedpowerandinfluence.

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PARTII An extract from an interview of Umberto Eco interviewed by Mukund Padmanabhan. Umberto Eco was a professor with a formidable reputation as a scholar for his ideas on Semiotics, literary interpretation and medieval aesthetics before he turnedintowritingliteraryfiction.Heattainedintellectualsuperstardomwithhis publicationTheNameoftheRose. IntheinterviewEcoshareshisideaofemptyspacesinourlivesjustastheyexist inanatom,whichhecallsInterstices.Hesaysthathemakesuseoftheseempty spacestowork. Ecos essays were scholarly and narrative. He likes to be identified more as a universityprofessorwhowritesnovels. Ecos The Name of the Rose, a serious novel, which delves into metaphysics, theologyandmedievalhistory,enjoyedamassaudience.Itdealtwithmedieval past. He feels that the novel wouldnt have been so well received had it been writtentenyearsearlierorlater.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS b.Whydomostcelebritywritersdespisebeinginterviewed? Most celebrity writers despise being interviewed as they consider it as an undesirable intrusion into their personal lives. Some viewed it an immoral and offensive activity. Someothersfeelitwoulddiminishthem. a. How is Umberto Ecos nonfictional writing style different from academic writingstyle? Umberto Ecos nonfictional writing style has a certain playful, narrative and personal quality about it whereas his academic writing is depersonalized and often dry and boring. LONGANSWERQUESTION a. Interviews an unwarranted intrusion in the lives of others. Elucidate with referencetoTheInterview. Valuepoints: Interviews are common feature in Journalism Most celebrities consider them as an unnecessary intrusion in their lives a horror of the interview, an ordeal, thumbprints on windpipe interview is a supremely serviceable medium of
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communicationthemostvividimpressionofourcontemporariestheinterviewerholds apositionofunprecedentedpowerandinfluence. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. Bestinterviewsareconsideredasanart.Mentionfourqualitiesofsuchanart. 2. Saul Bellow consented to be interviewed many a times. Did he like being interviewed?Substantiate. 3. Why does Brian say that interviewer holds a strong position of power and influence? 4. WhywasNameoftheRose,asuccess? 5. MentiontworemarkablequalitiesofUmbertoEcosscholarlywritings? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1. The interview conducted by Mukund Padmanabhan reveals what a good interviewshouldbelike.Doyouagree?Givereasons. 2. Considerinterviewasamediumofcommunication. GOINGPLACESbyA.R.BARTON GISTOFTHELESSON Thelessonexploresthethemeofadolescentfantasiesandheroworship. SophieandJansiearebothinthelastyearofhighschoolandbothknewthat theyweredestinedtoworkinthebiscuitfactoryastheybelongtoaworking classfamily. Yet,Sophie,alwaysdreamsofbigandbeautifulthings,glamourandglory. Herambitionsarenotrootedinrealityi.e.,havenorelationwiththeharsh realitiesoflife. IncontrastisJansie,Sophiesfriend,arealisticandpracticalgirl. Sophielivesinmaledominatedfamilywherehermotherwasonlyashadow. The men were football fans and the conversations around the dinner table wereaboutDannyCasey,theirHero. Sophie wants some attention from herfatherandbrotherandtelling them thatshemetCasey,washerwayofdrawingtheirattentiontowardsher. Butshecarriesherfantasiestoofarwhenshestartstolivethem. SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. WhatdoesSophiedreamofdoingaftershepassesoutofschool?Whydoyou callitadream,andnotaplan?
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Sophiedreamsofbigandbeautifulthings,glamourandglory.Sheisnotpractical inherthinkingandhasnoconcreteplanstomakeherdreamsreal. 2. Compare and contrast the characters of Sophie and Jansie. Sophie was a dreamer.Shewasnotreadytoacceptthefactthatshewouldbeworkingin a biscuit factory after her high school. But the tragedy was that she carries her fantasiestoofarwhenshestartedlivinginthem,whereasherfriendJansiewas practical and downtoearth. She firmly anchored her friend Sophie to reality whenevershespokeofherdreams. 3. Sophie is a typical adolescent heroworshipper who carries her fantasizing too far.Comment. Yes,SophieisatypicaladolescentwhoworshipsDannyCasey,thefootballstar. Shefantasizesaboutmeetinghimandtakinghisautographwhichisquitenormal for an adolescent. But she crosses the border of normalcy when she tell her familythatsheactuallymethimandthathewantstotakeheronadate.And thensheactuallygoestotheplaceandliterallywaitsforhimtoappearwhichis abnormal. LONGANSWERQUESTION 1. Sophie has no touch with reality; Janises feet are, however, firmly planted on theground.Discuss. ValuePoints: Bothschoolgoinggirlsandintimatefriendsbothbelongtolowermiddleclass family but different from each other. Different approach to life one a romantic,habitualdreamerandanescapist.Sophiedreamsofthingsbeyondher reach Jansie has a practical approach to life discourages her friends wild dreamsgossipy. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. Sophies dreams and disappointments are all in her mind .justify this statement. 2. DescribeSophiesmeetingwithDannyCasey. 3. WhatwasSophiesfathersreactionwhenGeofftoldhimaboutSophiemeeting Casey? 4. WhendidSophieactuallyseeDannyCasey? 5. WhywasSophiejealousofGeoffssilence? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1. Why did Sophie like her brother Geoff more than any other person? From her perspective,whatdidhesymbolize? 2. GiveabriefcharactersketchofSophiesfather.Whatkindofarelationshipdid theyshare? 3. ThestoryGoingPlacesdrawsabeautifulcontrastbetweenfactandfiction. Comment.
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 VISTAS THETHIRDLEVELbyJACKFINNEY SUMMARYOFTHELESSON: TheThirdLevelisastorythatweavestogetherapsychologicaljourneyof thenarratorintopast,presentandmovestowardsfuture. Charley31yearold,anAmericannarrateshisunusualexperienceofhaving beentothethirdlevel. He discovers brass spittoons, flickering gas lights, everyone dressed, like 1890switholdfashionedbeards,sideburns,fancymoustaches,enginewith funnelshapedstack,newspaperTheWorld,fewticketwindowsetcinthe thirdlevel. CharleygoestogettheticketforGalesburgIllinoisWonderfultown,big houses, huge lawns, plenty of trees, people with lots of leisure time and surpriseswhentheclerksaysthatitisnotcurrencyandhewillbeputbehind thebars. WifeworriedtakeshimtohisPsychiatristfriend He refuses to believe says it a waking wish dream fulfillment as he could notfacethemodernworldwhichisfulloffear,insecurity,war,worry,stamp collectionarefugefromreality. CharleydesperatetogotoGalesburg&soexchangesnewforoldcurrency. Butcouldneverfindthethirdlevel. SamsdisappearancehassomethingtodowithGalesburgashewasfondof theplace. One day while going through his stamp collection, he finds an envelope, containingaletterofJuly18,1894writtenbySam,whoislivingatGalesburg, assertionstheThirdlevel. Charley finds that Sam had bought old currency worth eight hundred dollars. SamwasCharleyspsychiatrist. SHORTQUESTIONS 1. WastheThirdlevelamediumofescapeforCharley? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Yes,Charliewasengulfedinthetrialsandtribulationsoflifesohecreatedthethirdlevel himself to seek refuge in it. It eased his tensions and pressures and provided him a platformtorelax. 2. WhyisGrandCentralcomparedtoatree? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Grand Central was compared to a tree because it was pushing out new corridors and staircases like roots. There may be a tunnel under the city up to Times Square and anothertoCentralPark.Nobodyknowsaboutthem.Formanypeopleithasbeenaexit,
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awayofescapethroughtheyears.SoitispossiblethatitmayhavethetunnelCharlie gotinto. HowdidCharlierealizethathehadreachedthethirdlevel? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Charliesawbrassspittoons,flickeringgaslights,everyonedressedlikeinthe1890swith muttonsleevessideburnsandmoustaches.Theenginewaswithafunnelshapedstack. The newspaper was dated June 11 1894.There were fewer ticket windows. This made himrealizethathewasonthethirdlevel. 3. WhydidhewishtoescapetoGalesburg? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints He wished to escape to Galesburg because it was a wonderful town with big houses, hugelawns,plentyoftrees.Thesummereveningsweretwiceaslongandpeoplehad lotsofleisuretimetositoutonthelawns.Itwasapeacefulworld. 4. WhatisFirstDayCover? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints At the time when a new stamp is issued, stamp collectors buy some of them and use them in order to mail envelops to themselves and the postmark proves the date. The envelopeiscalledtheFirstDayCover. 5.Whatisreferredtoastheobviousstep? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Theobvioussteprefersforconsultingapsychiatrist.Asafactthereareonlytwolevels &itdoesnotseemwisetovisitnonexistingthirdlevel.Thereforeitwasveryapparent toconsultanexpert. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE 1.WhowasCharley?Whatwashisproblem? 2.Thataintmoney,mister.Whendidtheticketclerkutterthesewords? 3.WhowasSam?WhatdidhetellCharley? 4.HowdidCharleycontradictthepsychiatristsopinion? 5.WhatsurprisedCharleyoneday? 6.WhathadSamwritteninhislettertoCharley? 7.WhycouldntSamgobacktohisoldbusinessinGalesburg? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS DoyouthinkthatthethirdlevelwasamediumofescapeforCharley?Elaborate. ValuePoints: Harshrealitytoooppressiveattimes Stress,strain,fiercecompetition,fearoffailurecausesinsecurity Charleydeclaresordinaryguybutnotabletocopewiththemodernworld WishtovisitGalesburgof1890oldframehouses,hugelawns,beautifultrees Peoplesittingonlawnsrelaxedcalmandpeaceful
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Exchanging new currency for old currency, Roping in his wife and Sam into his third world, saying that Sam also bought old currency, the letter from Sam in his first day coverareallhisfigmentofimagination. Itwasamediumofescapecouldnotfacethechallengesmodernworld. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE 1.Commentontheendingofthestory. 2.DoyouthinkthetitleTheThirdLevelisappropriate? 3.BringoutthecontrastbetweentheworldCharlielivedinandtheonethathestray into. 4. What devices does Jack Finney use to portray Charleys transition from reality to fantasyseemprobableandplausible? THETIGERKINGBYKALKI GISTOFTHELESSON TheMaharajaSirJilaniJungJungBhadurwascalledTigerKing. Whenhewasjust10daysoldheaskedintelligentquestionstotheastrologers andwastoldthathewouldbekilledbyatiger.HeutteredLettigersbeware! No other miracle took place, the child grew like any other Royal child drinking white cows milk, taught by an English tutor, looked after by an English nanny andwatchedEnglishfilms. Whenhewas20,hewascrownedasking.Itwasthenthepredictionofhisdeath by the tiger reached the Maharajas ear and he in turn to safe guard himself killedatigerandbeingthrilledhetoldtheastrologerwhorepliedthathecankill 99tigersbutshouldbecarefulwiththe100th. Fromthenonhestartedkillingtigerandnonewasallowedtohunttigers.Ahigh ranking British officer visited the state that was fond of hunting tiger and his wishwasdeclined. The officer requested for getting a photograph with a tiger killed by Maharaja andthisrequestwasrejected. Sotopleasetheofficerswifehesent50diamondringsexpectingthatshewould take1or2insteadshekeptalltheringscosting3lakhrupeesandsentthanks totheMaharaja.Buthisstatewassecured. In 10 years he killed 70 tiger and didnt find any in Pratibandapuram so he decidedtomarryagirlfromroyalstatewhichhadmoretigerstocompletehis target.
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Wheneverhevisitedhisinlawshekilled56tigers.Sohekilled99tigersandwas feverishlyanxioustokillthe100thbutcouldntfind. Newsaboutthepresenceofatigernearavillageproveddisappointing. NowtheDewanwaswarnedofhisdangersohevisitedPeoplesParkinMadras andbroughtanoldtigerandplaceditintheforestandinformedtheMaharaja. The Maharaja took great care and shot the tiger and left the place with great triumph. Thebulletdidnothitthetigerbutoutoffearthetigerhadcollapsed.Nowthe staffkilledthetigerandbroughtitingrandprocession. It was the 3rd birthday of the Maharajas son and he wanted to buy a present fromthetoyshop.Heboughtawoodentigerwhichwaspoorlycarved. WhiletheMaharajawasplayingwiththeprinceatinysliverofthewoodentiger piercedhisrighthandwhichlateroncausedhisdeath.Thusthehundredthtiger takeshisfinalrevengeupontheTigerKing.

QuestionandAnswer: 1.Whatwasthemiraclethattookplaceintheroyalpalace? WhentheMaharajawasa10dayoldinfantspokeandaskedintelligentquestionsabout hisdeath.AfterknowingthathewouldbekilledbyatigerheutteredsayingLettigers beware. 2.HowwastheTigerKingbroughtup? AsachildtheTigerKingwasbroughtupbyanEnglishnannyandtutoredinEnglishby anEnglishman.HewasgiventhemilkofanEnglishcow.LikemanyotherIndiancrown princeshewatchedonlyEnglishmovies. 3. What did the State astrologer say he would do if the hundredth tiger were also killed? TheStateastrologerwassosureofhispredictionthatheannouncedthathewouldcut offhisceremonialtuft,crophishairshortandbecomeaninsuranceagentincasethe kingwasabletokillthe100thtiger,too.HewassurethattheMaharajasdeathwould becausedbythe100thtiger. 4.WhatdidthehighrankingBritishofficerwishtodo?Washiswishfulfilled? The highranking British officer wanted to kill a tiger. When he was denied the permission for hunting, he sent a word to the king that he would be happy if he was allowedtogetphotographedwiththedeadbodyofatigerkilledbytheking.However, hiswishremainedunfulfilled.
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5.HowdidtheMaharajamanagetosavehisthrone? The Maharaja had annoyed the visiting senior British officer over the issue of tiger hunting and stood in danger of losing his kingdom itself. So, the Maharaja and the Dewan decided to placate and pacify the officer through bribe by sending gifts of expensive diamond rings to the duraisani, the wife of the British officer. Thus he managedtosavehisthrone. 6.Howdidtheduraisanibehaveonreceivingthegifts? Some fifty samples of expensive diamond rings were sent to the duraisani and it was expectedthatshewouldselectonortwoandreturntherest.Buttheladyprovedtobe greedyassheretainedallofthemandmerelysentaletterofthanks. 7.WhydidtheMaharajastigerkillingmissioncometoasuddenstill? Within ten years Maharajas tiger hunting had resulted in the killing of seventy tigers. However his tiger killing mission came to a sudden standstill because the tiger populationbecameextinctintheforestofPratibandapuram. 8.WhydidtheMaharajasuddenlydecidetomarry?Whomdidhewishtomarry? The Maharaja suddenly decided to marry because firstly, he was of marriageable age andsecondly,hewantedtokillthirtymoretigersinhisfatherinlawsstateinorderto complete the tally of hundred tigers .For this reason he wished to marry a girl in the royalfamilyofastatewithalargetigerpopulation. 9.WhydidMaharajaorderthedewantodoublethetax? TheMaharajacalledthedewanandorderedhimtoimmediatelydoublethetaxofthe villagerswhohadinformedhimofatigerintheforestbecausedespitehisbestefforts hewasunabletolocatethebeast.ThisinfuriatedtheMaharaja. 10.WhatdidtheMaharajabuyasabirthdaygiftforhisson? TheMaharajawishedtogivehissonaveryspecialgiftonhisbirthdayandheboughta woodentoytigerasaperfectbirthdaygiftforhisson. 11.Howdidthekingsarmbecomeseriouslyinfected? Thekingsarmhadgotinfectedfromaprickcausedbyoneofthesliversonthewooden tiger.Inoneday,theinfectiongotflaredintheMaharajasrighthandandinfourdaysit developed into a suppurating sore which spread all over the arm. Though he was operatedyethedied. Longanswertypequestion 1.HowdidtheTigerKingmeethisend?Whatisironicalabouthisdeath? Thewoodentoytigerthekinghadgotasabirthdaypresentforhissonhadbeencarved byanunskilledcarpenter.Ithadaroughsurfacewithtinysliversofwoodstandingup likequillsalloverit.OneofthosesliverspiercedtheMaharajasrighthandandalthough thekingpulledit,hisarmgotinfected.Infourdays,itdevelopedintoasuppuratingsore andspreadalloverthearm.Thekingdiedwhilebeingoperatedupon. The kings death is ironical but not surprising for the reader who is, in fact, looking forward to it. Having killed the 100th tiger, the king is jubilant for he has fulfilled his vowanddisprovedthepredictionoftheroyalastrologer.Heisnowateaseforhethinks hecannotdieofatigersattack.Nowonder,heordersthedeadtigertobetakenina processionthroughthetownandgetsatomberectedoverit.Allthiswhilehedoesnot know that the 100th victim was not killed by him but by other hunters. That is indeed
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quite ironical. Death is lurking around him and the king is unaware of it. Again, it is ironical that a king who has killed 100 tigers and is bold and fearless dies of a mere sliveronthebodyofawoodentiger.Thus,ironicallydeathdoescometohimfroma tiger. UnsolvedQuestion 1.HowdidtheMaharajakillthehundredthtiger? 2.ThetitleoftheMaharajareflectedgrandeurbuthisdeathwasananticlimax.Justify. 3.HowdidtheTigerKingmeethisend?Whatisironicalabouthisdeath? 4. What idea do you form about the ruling Indian class during the prepartition days fromthekingsencounterwithshopkeeper? 5.Whatideadoyouformaboutthemarriedlifeoftheking? JOURNEYTOTHEENDOFTHEEARTHBYTISHANIDOSHI GISTOFTHELESSON ThewriterTishaniDoshiwaspart ofaprogrammecalledStudentsonIceand wastakentoAntarctica.Shesharesherexperiencesandimpressions. TheaimoftheexpeditionwastotakehighschoolchildrentoAntarctica,thereby providing them with a unique educational opportunity to see first hand the effect of human activities on environment so that these youngsters, when the time comes to act, will take correct decisions regarding conservation of the environment. Antarcticaistherightplacetostudyaboutthechangesintheenvironmentand itsimpactonhumanityasawhole. Antarcticaholdsthesecretsofhowearthcametobeinitspresentform.Itgives us an insight into how the present landforms came into existence, why certain animalspeciesbecameextinct. Completeabsenceofhumanbeingshaspreservedthecarbonrecordsintact. LackofbiodiversityinAntarcticamakesitpossibletostudytheeffectofsmall changesintheenvironmentontheanimallifeandenvironment. It was a humbling experience for the author and she feel that we need to addressenvironmentalissuesimmediately,ifmankindistosurvive.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS

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1. What were Geoff Greens reasons for including high school students in the StudentsonIceexpedition? Childrenaremorereceptiveandreadytoabsorb,learnandmostimportantlyact.Unlike theelderlypeoplewhoareattheendoftheirproductivelife,childrencangivebackto society substantially and practice what they learn and experience. Most importantly, theycantakecorrectdecisionsandactwhenthetimecomesandsavetheenvironment. 1. Howdoesthewriterrealizethatthethreatofglobalwarmingisveryreal? The writer visits Antarctica and sees for herself the glaciers retreating and ice shelves collapsing.Sheseeswithnakedeyestheeffectonthefoodchainwhenasingledcelled phytoplankton is removed from food chain. Thats when she realizes that threat of globalwarmingisreal. 3. WhatrevelationdidtheauthorhaveonhervisittoAntarctica? ThewriteronhervisittoAntarcticanoticedthebeautyofbalanceinplayonourplanet andrealizesthateverythingintheworldisinterconnected. 4. Whatisphytoplankton?Whatistheirimportance? Phytoplanktonsaresinglecelledorganismsthatliveinthesouthernoceanandarealso calledthegrassesofthesea.Theynourishandsustaintheentireoceansfoodchainas theyarethefirstlinkinthefoodchainoftheocean.Theyusesunsenergytoassimilate carbon and synthesize organic compounds. The depletion of ozone layer affects these organismsandtheirdiminishingnumberisaffectingotherorganismsoftheoceanandin turnlivesofallorganismsonearthwillbeaffected. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.Takecareifsmallthingsandthebigthingswilltakecareofthemselves.Whatisthe relevanceofthisstatementincontextoftheAntarcticEnvironment? Suggested Value Points: The Statement greatly relevant in the context of Antarctic Environment only place not strained by man remains pristine carbon records preservedinitsfoldssimpleecosystemlackofbiodiversityperfectplacetostudy howsmallchangescanhavebigrepercussionsexampleofphytoplanktonhowituses sunsenergytosynthesizefoodprocessofphotosynthesisDepletionofozonelayer effectsphytoplanktonlifeofsmallmarineanimalsinturnthefoodoflargeanimals GlobalwarmingeffectallanimalsandplantsonearthevidentinAntarctica.
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QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1. HowisAntarcticaacrucialelementinthedebateonclimatechange? 2. How is global temperature increasing? What are the immediate repercussionsofthisincreaseontheenvironment? 3. HowdoesAntarcticadifferfromtherestoftheearth? 4. What were the feelings of the author when she set foot on the Antarctic continent? 5. WhatwasGondwana?Whathappenedtoit? 6. Why did the writer loose all earthly perspective when she set foot on the continent? 7. WhyisPhytoplanktonametaphorforexistence? 8. It can get pretty mindboggling. What is it referred to? Why does the writersayso? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1. HowwasthejourneytoAntarcticaanincredibleexperiencefortheauthor? 2. Andforhumans,theprognosisisnotgood.Explain. 3. Whydoestheauthorsaysthatalotcanhappeninmillionyears,butwhata differenceadaymakes. 4. ThehistoryofAntarcticarevealsthehistoryofhumankind.Explain. THEENEMYBYPEARLSBUCK GISTOFTHELESSON: Dr. Sadao, a Japanese surgeon finds a wounded American soldier on the beachnearhishouse. Heisunabletothrowhimbackthoughhewashisenemyashewasadoctor andhisfirstdutywastosavealife. Hana, his wife, though initially reluctant because it was dangerous for all includingthechildrentokeeptheenemyinthehouse,joinsherhusbandin operating and nursing the enemy soldier back to health, even though the servantsdesertthehouse.
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Hana assists Dr. Sadao in operating the soldier in spite of her physical discomfortandhesitation. Thoughitwaswartimeandallhandswereneededatthefront,theGeneral did not send Sadao with the troops as he is an expert surgeon and the Generalneededhim. Sadaotellshimabouttheenemysoldierbuthedoesnottakeanyactionas he is selfabsorbed and forgets his promise that he would send his private assassinstokilltheenemyandremovehisbody. TakingadvantageofthegeneralsselfabsorptionSadaodecidestosavethe soldierslife.AfterthesoldierisoutofdangerDr.Sadaohelpshimtoescape fromhishousetosafety.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS: SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1WhydidtheGeneraloverlookthematteroftheenemysoldier? TheGeneralhadanattackandaccordingtoDr.Sadaohecouldnotsurvivethesecond attack. So if Dr. Sadao was arrested, no other doctor was capable of performing the operation.Soforfurtheringhisselfishneedsheoverlookedthematterandpromisesto sendhisassassins.Buthewassoselfabsorbed,heforgotaboutit. 2.WhywasDr.Sadaonotsentwiththetroops? TheGeneralthoughtthatDr.Sadaoisindispensabletohislifeandcansaveanyoneas heisveryskilled.HealsodoesnottrustanyoneexceptDr.Sadao.Sohewasnotsent withtroops. 3.Howwastheplanoftheprisonersescapeexecutedinthestory? Theprisonerwassuccessfulinhisescapeonlybecauseoftherightguidanceandhelp from Dr. Sadao. He provided him his boat, gave his food, made him wear Japanese clothsandalsohelpedhimincomfortablesailtoanearbyisland. 4.WhydidtheservantsleaveDr.Sadaoshouse? They were not in favour of keeping the American prisoner hidden in the house. They alsodidnotwantDr.Sadaotosavehislifeashewastheenemy.Also,ifthepolicecome toknowofit,alltheirliveswouldbeindanger.Sotheyleftthehouse. 5.WhowasthewhitemanwhomDr.SadaoandHanafound? ThewhitemanwasanAmericansoldierasevidentfromhisclothes.Theyguessthat hewasaprisonerofwarfromhiscapthatsaidNavySeals 6.ButSadaosearchingthespotofblackinthetwilightseathatnight,had hisreward.Whatwasthereward? Therewardwastheescapeoftheenemy.Dr.Sadaosearchedthespotofblackinthe twilightseathatnighttoseeifthemanwasstilltherebuttherewasnolight.Obviously themanhadgone.Theescapeoftheprisonerwashisreward. 7WhatmessagedoesTheEnemygive? Thisisagreatlessoninhumanism.Dr.Sadaobynursinghiscountrysenemyprovestrue tohisprofessionalethics.
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LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.HowdidDr.Sadaoriseabovenarrowprejudicesofrace&countrytohumanbeingin need? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Dr. Sadao a renowned Japanese surgeon believed in professional loyalty & human kindnesssawanAmericanwoundedsoldierinaterribleconditiononbeachinfrontof hishousetookhimhishousewiththehelpofhiswifeHanasuccessfullyremovedthe bulletnursedhimbacktohislifethusroseaboveracialism. As a patriot, reported the prisoners presence at his house to the Army General. The generaldecidedtohavehimkilledhegrewvestlesstoseehim&finallydecidedtohelp him to escape form his housegave him boats & instructed him how he could safely escape. 2.Doyouthinkthedoctorsfinalsolutiontotheproblemwasthebestpossibleonein thecircumstances? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints It is the best possible optiongeneral had promised him that he would get the soldier quietlykilledthroughhisprivateassassinsbutheforgottogetridofDr.Sadaocoulddo nothinghewantedtogetridofthewoundedsoldierastheservantshadleftthehouse and news could be spreadso he devised his own plan to get the soldier off to the nearby islandmanaged his boat for the soldier and instructed him. The white soldier tookleaveofhimandfollowedhisinstructionandmanagedtoescapesafely.Thusall thisprovesthatthatwastheonlywayoutforDr.Sadaototheproblem. 3.Therearemomentsinlifewhenwehavetomakehardchoicebetweenourroleas privateindividualsandascitizenswithasenseofnationalloyalty.Discusswithreference totheEnemy. SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Dr. Sadao encounters with the dilemmato live as private individual whose and moral ethicalresponsibilityistosavethesoldier.Soasadoctorandasanindividualhisfirst job is to save the mantakes ethical responsibility, he risks his life, fame and social statustakeshimtohishouseandmakeseffortstosavehim. Buthisothersidesenseofpatriotismandnationalismalsoinvolvesareporttopolice, takesthegeneralinconfidence,andplanstogettheenemysoldierkilledbutlateron helps the soldier in escaping. Thus Dr. Sadaos personality is displayed as patriotic citizen. SHOULDWIZARDHITMOMMY?ByJOHNUPDIKE GistoftheLesson The chapter captures a very sensitive reaction of a small girl to an important aspectofthestorythatherfathernarratestoher. Thestoryrevealstheworldviewofalittlechildtoadifficultmoralquestionthat showshermentalorpsychologicalrichness. Joisalittlegirloffouryears.Sheisengagedinastorysessionwithherfather. Jack,thefatherusedtotellherastoryeveryeveningandespeciallyforSaturday
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naps. Jofeelsherselfinvolvedwiththecharactersandthehappenings. Thestoryalwayshadananimalwithaproblem.Theoldowladviseshimtovisit thewizardwhowouldsolvetheproblem. Skunksproblemhesmeltbad,visitedthewizardwhochangedittothesmellof roses. Skunksmotherwasunhappywithitandtookhimbacktothewizard.Shehitthe wizardandaskedhimtorestoretheoriginalsmell.Shewantedhersontokeep hisidentityofaskunkandwantedhisfriendstoaccepthimforhimself.Sothe wizardchangeshimbacktosmelllikeaskunk. AfterhearingthestoryofRogerSkunkJowasnothappywiththeending. She wants her father to change the ending. She wants the wizard to hit the motherbackandletRogerbewhichherfatherwasnotreadytodotoestablish hisauthority.Thisraisesadifficultmoralquestionwhetherparentspossessthe righttoimposetheirwillontheirchildren. Herfatherfindsitdifficulttoanswerherquestion. SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS: 1.HowdidthewizardhelpRogerSkunk? The wizard was moved by Roger Skunks story. On finding his magic wand chanted somemagicwords&grantedthatRogershouldsmelllikeroses. 2.HowdidRogerSkunksMommyreactwhenhewenthomesmellingofroses? Roger Skunk began to smell like roses. Mommy asked about the smell Roger Skunk repliedthatthewizardhadmadehimsmelllikethatmotherdidnotlikethatandasked Rogertocomewithher. 3.HowdidtheSkunksmothergethimhisoldsmellback? Mother was furious to learn about the wizard who changed the original smell. She immediatelyvisitedthewizardandhithimonhisheadandaskedhimtorestorethe originalsmell. 4. Who is Jo? How has she changed in the past two years? How did Jo behave in realityphase? JoisJacks4yearolddaughter.Shewasnomoreapatientlistener.Shedidnottake thingsforgrantedandtriedtoseethingsinherownway. 5.HowdoesJowantthestorytoendandwhy? Jo understood Roger Skunks need to enjoy the company of his friends; therefore wantedthatthewizardshouldtakeRogersside. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1. Why an adults perspective of life is different from that of a childs as given in the story?
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SuggestedValuepoints An adults perceptive on life is always different maturity of a person becomes his barometertojudgeright&wrong.Forhim/hereverythingthatoccurshasamessage.In thestory,JackatnolevelacceptsJosworldviewthatwizardshouldhitMommy. On the other hand a childs perceptive is limited to his activities childs perceptive completelydifferenttheyloveactionmorethanthoughtsodoesJointhestoryshe woulddelightinhearingthestoryofRogerSkunksMommybeinghitbythewizard. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTION 1.WhatdifferentqueriesdoestheSecretaryoftheExaminationsBoardmakefromthe GovernorbeforeconductingtheexaminationforEvansandwhy? 2.Whodoyouthinkmadeacallregardingacorrectioninthequestionpaper?Whatdid itreallywanttoconvey? 3.WhoisCarter?WhatdoestheGovernorwanthimtogoandwhy? 4.HowdidtheGovernormanagetoreachEvansinthehotel? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhatisJackswayoftellingstories?Whyisitappealing? 2.WhatdoesJackwanttoconveythroughthestoryofRogerSkunk? 3.HowisJackschildhoodinterwoveninthestoryofthestinkyskunk? 4.HowdoesJackasserthisauthorityasafatheroverhisdaughter? 5.WhatpartofthestorydidJackhimselfenjoythemost?Why? ONTHEFACEOFITBYSUSANHILL GISTOFTHELESSON Theplaydepictsbeautifullyyetgrimlythesadworldofthephysicallyimpaired. Itisnottheactualpainorinconveniencecausedbyaphysicalimpairmentthat troubleadisabledmanbuttheattitudeofthepeoplearoundhim. Twophysicallyimpairedpeople,Mr.LambwithatinlegandDerrywithaburnt face,strikeabandoffriendship. Derryisdescribedasayoungboyshy,withdrawnanddefiant. Peopletellhiminspiringstoriestoconsolehim,noonewilleverkisshimexcept hismotherthattooontheothersideofhisface Mentionsaboutawomantellingthatonlyamothercanlovesuchaface. Mr.LambrevivesthealmostdeadfeelingsofDerrytowardslife. He motivates him to think positively about life, changes his mind set about peopleandthings. How a man locked himself as he was scareda picture fell off the wall and got killed. EverythingappearstobethesamebutisdifferentEx.ofbees.Andweeds Thegateofthegardenisalwaysopen. Derryisinspiredandpromisestocomeback.
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Derrysmotherstopshimbutheisadamantsayingifhedoesnotgonowit wouldbenever. Whenhecomesbackheseeslamblyingontheground Itisironicalthatwhenhesearchesanewfootholdtolivehappily,hefindsMr. Lambdead. Inthiswaytheplaydepictstheheartrenderinglifeofphysicallydisabledpeople withtheirloneliness,aloofnessandalienation. Butatthesametimeitisalmostatrueaccountofthepeoplewhodontleta personlivehappily. SHORTQUESTIONS Q1.WhoisDerry?Whatselfopiniondoeshehold? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Derek,alsocalledDerrywasayoungboyof14.Hewasaquiet,shyanddefiantboy.One sideofhisfacewastotallyburntbyacid.Hewasavictimofinferioritycomplex. Q2.HowdoesLambtrytoremovethebaselessfearsofDerry? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Mr. Lamb influences Derry by his optimistic philosophy. He advised him not to give attentiononotherscomments,trytobeinternallypureandstrongandeliminatethe negativityoflife. Q3.WhatdidDerrysmothersthinkofMr.Lamb? OR WhydidDerrysmotherstophim,goingtoMr.Lamb? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Derrys mother does not hold a good opinion about Mr. Lamb. She has heard many thingsabouttheoldman,thereforestopsDerrytovisitMr.Lamb. Q5.WhydoesDerrygobacktoMr.Lambintheend? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints ActuallyMr.LambhastaughtDerry,themostimportantlessonoflife.Headviseshim not to care about the comments made by others. He now no longer cares about his burnedfaceorlooks.Heismoreconcernedwhathethinksandfeelswhathewantsto hearandsee.Heknowsifdoesnotgoback,hewillnevergoback.Thereforehereturns back. Q6.Commentonthemoralvalueoftheplay? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Themoraloftheplayisveryloudandclear.Thephysicallydisabledshouldfocusonthe brightersideoflifeandnottobroodovertheshortcomings.Thesocietyshouldaccept themastheyareandexpandtheirsocialinteractions.inthiswaytheycanfightoutthe loneliness,depressionanddisappointment. Q7. Mr. Lamb says to Derry; its all relative, beauty and the beast, what essentially doeshemeanbythat? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Mr.LambtellsDerrythatitalldependsuponpeoplesindividualperceptions.Athingis abeautyforonewhilethatbeautymaybeabeastforothers.
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Extraquestionsforpractice 1.WhatistheattitudeofMr.Lambtothesmallboywhocomestothegarden? 2.Imnotafraid.Peopleareafraidofme,saysDerry.Whatdopeoplethinkonseeing hisface?Howdotheyreactthen? 3.WhydoesLambsargumentfailtoconsoleDerry? 4.WhatmakesDerrythinkthattheoldmanisalwaysaloneandmiserable? Whatdoeshetelltheoldman? 5.WhatargumentdoesDerrygivetoconvincehismotherwhyhewantstogotheold mansgarden? 6.Commentontheendingoftheplay. LONGANSWERQUESTIONS Q1. The actual pain or inconvenience caused by a physical impairment is often much lessthanthesenseofalienationfeltbythepersonwithdisabilities.Whatisthekindof behaviorthatthepersonexpectsfromothers? SuggestedAnswer/ValuePoints Actualpainorinconveniencecausedbyphysicalimpairmentisoftenlessthanthesense ofalienationfeltbythepersonwithdisabilities Physicaldisabilities causedpainonceinlifetime Butafteritthisphysicaldisabilitysetchainforotheractionscausedmentalagony calledLamelylamb,motherswereafraidofsendingthechildrenbecauseofhistinleg. Derryburntfaceeveryonepitieshimonlyamothercouldlovethatface BothMr.LambandDerryhavebeenthevictimsofverbalatrocities Mr.Lambtakescommentslightly ButDerrydoesnothavetheattitudelikeMr.Lamb Attitudeofthepeopleneedstobechanged Donotwantsympathybutacceptthemastheyare Woundsgethealedbutbittercommentsneverforgottenleavesascar QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE 1.Whatisthethemeoftheplay?Howhasitbeenworkedout? 2.CompareandcontrastthecharactersofMr.LambandDerry. 3.WhatisthebondthatunitesoldMr.LambandDerrytheyoungboy?Howdoesthe oldmaninspirethesmallboy? 4.Commentontheappropriatenessofthetitle. EVANSTRIESANOLEVELBYOLINDEXTER GISTOFTHELESSON Evansakleptomaniacwasimprisonedthriceandallthetimeescapedfromthe prison.Nowhewasintheprisonforthe4thtimeandallofasuddendeveloped curiosity to appear in Olevel German Examination which also was an effort to breaktheprison.

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TheGovernortakesutmostcaretoseethathewouldnotbefooled.Everycare wastakentomakeEvanspreparefortheexam. HewastutoredbyaGermantutorfor6months.Thedaybeforetheexamthe tutor wishes good luck but makes it clear that he had hardly any chance of gettingthrough.ButEvansgivesanironicaltwisttothetutorsobservationby sayingImaysurpriseeverybody. OnthedayoftheexamJacksonandStephensvisitedEvanscellandtookaway everythingthatmayhelphiminjurehimself.Evanswasinsistedtotakeawaythe hatbutherefusedsayingthatitwasluckycharm. Evans cell was bugged so that the Governor could himself listen to each and everyconversationinthecell.TheinvigilatorRev.S.McLeerytoowassearched andlefthimtocompletethetask.Stephensittingoutsidethecelleverynowand thenpeepedintothecell. Theexamwentonsmoothly.Stephenescortedtheinvigilatortothemaingate and took a look into Evans cell and found the invigilator (actually Evans) wounded, informed the Governor. The latter was to be hospitalized but informedthathewasalrightandaskedthemtofollowEvans.Thusheescaped theprison. Whentheinvigilatorwasnotfoundinthehospitaltheywenttotheresidenceof Rev.S.McLeeryonlytofindhimboundandgaggedinhisstudyinBroadStreet. Hehasbeenthere,since8.15a.m.NoweverythingwascleartotheGovernor. Evanescapedtheprisonthe4thtime.Butbytakingthehintfromthequestion papertheGovernorreachedthehotelwhereEvanswasandcapturedhimand cametoknowhowheplannedhisescapeandsaidthathisgamewasover.Evans surrendershimselftotheGovernor. TheGovernortellsEvantheywouldmeetsoon. ThemomenttheyareridoftheGovernor,thesocalledprisonofficerafriendof EvansunlocksthehandcuffsandasksthedrivertomovefastandEvanstellshim toturntoNewbury.Evans,thus,hasthelastlaugh.

SOLVEDQUESTIONS SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhatkindofapersonwasEvans?

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EvanswasaKleptomaniacandhadbrokenjailthrice.Hewasamasterplannerandwas verysociable.Heknewhowtokeepintimatecontactswithpeople.Inthewordsofthe Governor,hewasapleasantsortofchapwithnorecordofviolence. 2. Do you think Evans statement, I may surprise everybody, has some special significance? Evansseemstobetellinghisteacherthathemaysurpriseeverybodybydoingwellin the exam, but in reality it is a forewarning that he is going to jolt everybody by his mastermindedperfectescapeplan. 3.WhowerethetwovisitorsEvansreceivedinthemorningofthedayofhisexam? The two visitors Mr. Jackson, the senior prison officer of the prisons D Wing man calledStephens,whohadbeenonlyrecentlyrecruited. 4.WhatmadeEvanscliphishairshort? Evans escape prison duplicate McLeery (invigilate during the Olevel German exam) hadshorthair.InordertogiveapracticalshapetotheirplanEvanshairhadtolooklike McLeerys,henceEvansclippedthemshort. 5.WhydidtheGovernorinstructJacksontosearchMcLeery? The Governor asked Jackson to search McLeery, the invigilator, just in case he has broughtsomethingunwittinglywhichmightprovetobeaweaponthatEvanscoulduse andtryescapingfromprison. 6.WhydidEvansdrapeablanketroundhisshoulder?WhatdidStephensthinkaboutit? In between intervals of Stephens peeping into the cell, Evans was changing into the ParsonsdresstolooklikeMcLeery.So,in ordertoconcealhisefforttokeepthemin place, Evans draped a blanket round his shoulder. Stephens was misled into believing thatEvanswasfeelingcold. 7. In spite of strict vigilance, how did Evans friend manage to give the material for disguiseinthecell? Despite all vigilance, Evans friend disguised as McLeery, the invigilator, managed to smuggle the disguised material into the cell. He came wearing two parsons dresses withblackfrontsandcollars.Apartfromithealsobroughtanextrapairofspectacles. AllthiswaspassedontoEvanswhenStephensvigilanteyeswereawayfromthepeep hole. LONGANSWERQUESTION 1.Whatweretheprecautionstakenforthesmoothconductoftheexamination? Since Evans had already escaped from the jail on three earlier occasions, there was always a lurking fear that he might make another attempt to escape. Therefore all possibleprecautionsweretakentoseethattheOlevelGermanexaminationarranged in the prison did not provide himwith any means of escape. The Governor personally monitored all security arrangements and heavily guarded the Recreation Block from where he expected the prisoner to make another break. Evans cell was thoroughly checked by Jackson to ward off the possibility of the presence of an incriminating materialwhichmighthamperthesmoothconductoftheexamination.Hisnailscissors, nailfileandrazorweretakenaway;andtokeepastrictwatchontheactivitiesofthe cellduringtheexamination,theGovernorgotitbugged.ApoliceofficerStephenswas
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postedtokeepaconstantvigilonhisactivities.Theinvigilator,toowasfriskedtomake surethathecarriednoobjectionablematerialwithhim. QUESTIONSFORPRACTICE SHORTANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhatdifferentqueriesdoestheSecretaryoftheExaminationsBoardmakefromthe GovernorbeforeconductingtheexaminationforEvansandwhy? 2.Whodoyouthinkmadeacallregardingacorrectioninthequestionpaper?Whatdid itreallywanttoconvey? 3.WhoisCarter?WhatdoestheGovernorwanthimtogoandwhy? 4.HowdidtheGovernormanagetoreachEvansinthehotel? LONGANSWERQUESTIONS 1.WhatimpressiondoyouformofEvanstheBreak? 2.CommentontheendingoftheplayEvanTriesAnOLevel. 3.Howfardoyouagreewiththeobservation:Hewasjustanothergoodforagiggle, gulliblegovernorthatwasall? 4.DoyouthinkthetitleEvansTriesanOLevelisappropriate?Givereasonsinsupport ofyouranswer. MEMORIESOFCHILDHOODbyZITKALASAANDBAMA GISTOFTHELESSON PARTI ThefirstpartdealswiththeaccountofSimmons,AnAmericanIndian,who foughtagainsttheprejudicesofthesocietyagainstAmericanIndians. ShedescribesherexperiencesonherfirstdayattheCarlisleIndianSchool. Thecustomsandrulesoftheplacewerestrangeandnewtoher. She was forced to wear clothes that were considered undignified in her culture At breakfast, she was embarrassed as she did not know the routine of the place. When she comes to know that they were planning to cut her hair, she protestsbyhidingunderthebed,eventhoughsheknewitwasfutile.Inher culture,itwasthecowardswhosehairwasshingled. Shefeltlikeananimaldrivenbyaherder.

PARTII ThesecondpartisanexcerptfromtheautobiographyKarukkubyBamaa TamilDalit.

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Shewasinherthirdgradewhenshebecomesawareoftheindignitiesthat thelowercastepeopleface. Shehappenstoseeanelderlypersonfromhercommunityabasehimselfin frontofahighercastepersonashewasnotsupposedtotouchthefoodthat hewasorderedtofetchforthelandlord. Later,herbrotherexplainstoherthattheincidentwasnotatallfunnyasshe initially thought, but very pathetic. The people from the lower caste were treatedasuntouchables. She was deeply saddened and decided to study hard to overcome discrimination.

ShortAnswerQuestionswithSampleAnswers 1. WhatweretheindignitiesthatthenewgirlsweresubjectedtoatCarlisleIndian School? The girls were scrutinized thoroughly and supervised by a greyhaired woman. They were made to wear tight fitting immodest clothes and stiff shoes. During breakfast a systematic and regimental discipline was observed. The girls with long hair had to get themshingledandtheyhadtosubmittotheauthoritieswhowerestrong,unfeelingand cruel. 2. Onlearningthatherlonghairwouldbecuttheauthordecidedtostrugglefirst. Whatdoesthistellusabouttheauthor? Theauthorknowsthatshecouldneverprevailagainsttheauthorities,yetshestruggles againsttheinjustice.Hermotherhadtoldherthatonlycowardshadtheirhairshingled and she firmly believed that she was not one. To prove her point as well as raise her voiceagainsttheindignity,shestruggles. 3. WhydidBamatakehalfhourtoanhourtocoverthedistancetoherhomethat wouldnormallytakeonlytenminutes? Bama would dawdle along, watching all the entertaining novelties and oddities in the streets.Shewouldgazeattheshopsandthebazaarenjoyingthestreetscenesandso shewouldtakeatleastanhourtoreachhome. 4. What was the incident that made Bama laugh as well as feel so provoked and angry?

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BamasawanelderlymanofherstreetcarryingapacketofVadaisbythestringsand walking gingerly, holding the parcel away from his body. Bama found his manner of carryingtheparcelveryfunny.Butherbrotherexplainstoherthehighercastepeople believedthatifthelowercastepeopletouchedtheparcelitwouldbepolluted.Thats whytheelderwascarryingitinthatmanner.ThisprovokesandangersBama. LongAnswerQuestions: 1. Had Bama not been guided properly by her elder brother regarding untouchability, she would have grown up into a complextorn woman. Do you agree?Justify. Valuepoints: Annananunderstandingandconsiderateelderbrotherguidesherproperlyexplains the social stigma of untouchability Elder carrying Vadai not comical but pathetic victimofsocialprejudiceBamaangryandprovokedFrustrationmighthaveleadto openandfutilerevoltTimelyadviceofAnnanguidesherinrightdirectionHebelieve that people of their community should study and outshine others to earn respect of society. Bama follows his timely advice and grows up to be a balanced and well respectedindividualofthesociety. ShortAnswerQuestionsforPractice: 1. ZitkalaSasfriendJudewintellsherthatitisbettertosubmittoauthority.What kindofapersondoyouthinkJudewinwas? 2. WhydidZitkalaSastartcryinginthedininghall? 3. WhydoestheauthorfeelSpirittoreitselfinstrugglingforitslostfreedom,all wasuseless? 4. NowIwasonlyoneofmanylittleanimalsdrivenbyaherder!Explain. 5. When and how did Bama come to know of the discrimination faced by the marginalizedpeople? LongAnswerquestionsforPractice: 1. Bamasbrothersrightadviceattherighttimehelpedherprogressinacademics thereby throwing away the chain of untouchability of which dalits like her are victimsof.JustifywithreferencetoMemoriesofChildhood 2. Both Bama and ZitkalaSa are victims of discrimination that is practiced in the society.Whatkindofexperiencedidbothofthemgothrough? 3. WhatarethesimilaritiesinthelivesofBamaandZitkalthoughtheybelongto differentcountries?
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4. DescribehowZitkalatriedinvaintosaveherhairfrombeingcut.Whydidshe wanttosaveherhair?

SAMPLEPAPER(SOLVED) BLUEPRINT
TOTALMARKS100 Q.No. Section Q.1 Reading 1.1 Typeof Question (i)VSA (ii)VSA (iii)SA (iv)SA (v)VSA (vi)SA (a)VSA (b)VSA (c)VSA NoteMaking Summary Writing Short writing skill Or Short writing skill Long Writing Task (Newspaper Report) Or Long Writing Task (Magazine Report) Letter Writing (LongWriting Task) Or Marks 1M 1M 2M 2M 1M 2M 1M 1M 1M 5M 3M 5M Or 5M 10M 10M Total marks 20 9 Testing objectives Comprehension Comprehension Comprehension Comprehension Comprehension Comprehension Vocabularytesting Vocabularytesting Vocabularytesting Study Skills (Comprehensing andNoteMaking) Summaryskills

1.2

Q.2 Q.3.

2.1 2.2 Writing 1stoption or 2ndoption 1stoption Or 2ndoption

5 3 35 5

Details,organization, fluencyandcoherence or Details,organization,fluencyand coherence Presenting factual details, formal,fluencyandcoherence Or Presenting factual details, informal,fluencyandcoherence

Q.4.

10

Q.5.

1stoption Or 2ndoption

10M Or 10M
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10

Formatting , Organization, coherence,fluency, Resume Or

Q6.

1stOption Or 2ndOption

Q7

TEXTBOOKS 1stoption Or 2ndoption

Letter Writing (LongWriting Task) Article (Long WritingTask) Or Speech (Long WritingTask) (a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) VSA VSA VSA VSA OR VSA VSA VSA VSA

Formatting , Organization, coherence,fluency,

10M Or 10M

10

1M 1M 1M 1M OR 1M 1M 1M 1M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 10M Or 10M 7M Or 7M 2M
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45 4 Or 4

Organization, fluency Or Organization, fluency Poetryappreciation Interpretation Interpretation Or Poetryappreciation Interpretation Interpretation

coherence,

coherence,

Q8

Anythree

Q9

Allfive

Q10

Q11

Q12

1stoption Or 2ndOption 1stoption Or 2ndoption Allfour

(a) SA (b) SA (c) SA (d) SA (a) SA (b) SA (c) SA (d) SA (e) Sa LongAnswer Or LongAnswer LongAnswer Or LongAnswer (a) SA

Comprehension,interpretation, understanding

10

Comprehension,interpretation, understanding

10

Content, Organisation, fluency, coherence,understanding Content, Organisation, fluency, coherence,understanding Understanding,interpretation

(b) SA (c) SA (d) SA

2M 2M 2M

SAMPLEQUESTIONPAPER(SOLVED) SECTIONAREADING(20MARKS) 1.Readthepassagegivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (12marks) 1. Rabindranath Tagore raised the stature of our country in the eyes of the world. A versatilegenius,aliteraryartist,aneducator,acomposer,asinger,anactor,Tagorehad all gifts of Nature and fortune in his favors. Born in a renowned Hindu family, Tagore pleaded not only for concord with the past but also for freedom from the past. All healthygrowthneedscontinuityandchange.Wearenotthepastbutalsoforfreedom fromthepast.Allhealthygrowthneedscontinuityandchange.Wearenotfreeunless our minds are liberated from dead forms, tyrannical restrictions and crippling social habits.Tagorecondemnedthecorruptionofmanyofoursocialpractices.Hebelieved thattheessenceoflifewasperpetualrenewalandrededicationtoselfdevelopment. 2.Tagoredidnotliveinanivorytower.Heledaprocessionin1905throughthestreets ofCalcuttasinginghissong,Areyousomightyastocutasunderthebondforgedby Providence? Millions of voices have sung the National Anthem Jana Gana Mana, callinguponustonourishtheunityofourcountryandbedevotedtoit.Hewasnotonly aplaywrightbutanovelistandastoryteller,anationalistandaninternationalist.Asif these activities were not enough, he turned towards painting in the end of life. He rejectedtraditionalcanonsandexperimentedwithnewformsandcolorcompositions. Wehonorhimnotonlyforthismanysidedgeniusbutalsofortheguidanceofhislife and work in this troubled world. Tagores mission was one of reconciliation between EastandWestinaspiritofunderstandingandmutualenlightenment.ForIndiaunityis truth and division is evil. The poets name is symbolic of the light of the day. The sun which dispels the mist of darkness and the clouds of suspicion restores health to the humansystem. 3.ThoughhisworkwasrootedinIndiansoil,hismindrangedoverthewideworldand hence had a universal appeal. Tagores writings have been translated into many languages,buteventhebesttranslationsdonotbringoutthemusicandthemelodyor the force of the original. As Tagore was born at a difficult stage when India was in a revolutionarymood,heparticipatedinthemovementrevoltingagainstsocial,political andreligiousinstitutions.Hewasallthetimeconvincedofthevalidityandvitalityofthe fundamentalidealssetforthbytheseersandsaintsofIndia.Tagoresphilosophy was one of wholeness and unity. For Tagore, God, Man and Nature are bound together in singleunity.Hewasnotadreameroravisionary.Hekeptconstantvigilovertheworld. HewasagreatsentinelasGandhicalledhim.Themoralhealthofanationdependedon the inspiration the people derived from their poets and artists. Asceticism for Tagore meantselfcontrolandnotabstentionfromworldactivities.Veryearlyinhislifewhen
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hewasseventeen,hehadtheneedtocontrolhisemotions.Hewasnotanunworldly saint.Hehadtoughearthlyquality.Theidealsofsociallife,economicpursuits,andthe enjoymentofbeautyshouldbecultivatedequally.Watersurroundsthelotusflowerbut doesnotwetitspetals.Evenso,humanbeingsshouldworkinthisworldwithoutbeing affectedbyit.ForTagore,asforGandhi,themeasureofmansgreatnessinwhomthere wasahappyblendofcontemplationandaction.ForTagore,asforGandhi,themeasure ofmansgreatnessisnothismaterialpassionsbutthetruthinhimwhichisuniversal. Hisvoicewastheconscienceofourage.Hebequeathedtothecountryandtheworlda lifewhichhadnolittlenessaboutit. a)Onthebasisofyourreadingofthepassage,answerthefollowingquestions: i)Tagorewasaversatilegenius.How?(1) ii)WhatisthemessagegivenintheNationalAnthemcomposedbyTagore?(1) iii)WhatwasTagoresmissioninlife?(2) iv)Whatdoesthepoetsnamesymbolize?(2) v)Giveanexampletoprovethathisworkshadauniversalappeal.(1) vi)Howshouldhumanbeingsworkinthisworld?(2) b)Pickoutwordsfromthepassagethatmean: i)Neverceasing(Para1) ii)Livingalifeofausterity(Para3) iii)Leftbehind(Para3) 2.Readthepassagegivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (8 marks) Salt,amiraculousgiftofnature,isonofthemostusefulandamazingmineralsonEarth derived from the sea and rocks. Do you know that it is the only rock the humans can eat? Salthasseasonedourhistory,languageandfood,besidesmakingnutritiousfoodsmore palatable. Used in all bakery products, prepared foods, sauces, soups, spices, cereals, dairy foods, meats, poultry. It is also an extraordinary effective food preservative, retardingthegrowthofspoilagebymicroorganismsandmakingfoodstoragepossible longbeforerefrigeration. How much salt is necessary for human consumption? Medical experts agree that everyone should practice some reasonable moderation in salt consumption. For the averageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfrom4to10gmaday,orroughlyhalfto one and onethird teaspoons. The equivalent of one to two gm of this salt allowance wouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood. Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing, preparationoratthetable. Commonsalt,achlorideofsodium,ischemicallyrepresentedbythesymbolNaCl.The human body has a continual need for salt. Sodium chloride or the common salt is 39 percent sodium and 61 percent chloride. Forming a solution in the body, these two componentsseparateintosodiumandchlorideions,eachwithadifferenttask.Chloride maintainsthebalanceofwaterbetweenthelivingcellanditsenvironment,playspart indigestion,andpairswithsodiumtomaintainthebloodsacidbasebalance,criticalfor life.Sodiumassistsinregulatingthevolumeofbloodand bloodpressure.Itfacilitates
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thetransmissionofnerveimpulsesandisnecessaryforheartandmusclecontractions. Although the popular conception is that salt is a flavor enhancer, a recent American study suggests that it functions as a flavor filter on food, selectively enhancing and suppressing various tastes. Other studies showed that the use of salt suppresses the bittertasteofdarkgreenvegetableslikebittergaurs. Salts functions in the body are already elucidated. Deficiency signs include lethargy, dizziness, cramps and palpitation. In women excessive salt intake promotes fluid retardationandcancausebreastpain But what the good salt can do, in the right dose, is unequalled. Snorers should try sprayingtheirnosewithasaltwatertomoistenmucousmembraneandmakeiteasier to breathe. To invigorate the body when tired or to remove dead skin cells, rub a handful of salt all over your body before having a bath. Salt baths encourage detoxification and greatly help muscle and joint pains. Add a pound of salt to a comfortablyhotbathandlieinitfor20minutes,addhotwaterasitcools.Wrapupin cottontowelsandgetintoawarmbed.Youshouldperspirefreely,sleepwellandfeel muchbetterinthemorning.Removeallthecongestioninyourthroatbysalinegargles. The recommendation that no one should exclude salt totally from the diet is awfully wrong. Scientists are of the view that salt isan invisible killer and, therefore, a health hazard.Asnewevidencepilesup;alarmbellshavestartedringing.Andthenextbattle mightjustbeagainstsalt! Specialistsareconvincedthatadiethighinsaltcauseshighbloodpressure,adisorder thatafflictsonethirdofpeopleabovetheageof60.Moreover,thisisariskfactorfor twobigkillerscoronaryheartdiseaseandstroke. a)Onthebasisofyourreadingofthepassagecarefully,makenotesonit,inpointsonly using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations and a format you considersuitable.Alsosupplyanappropriatetitletoit. b)Makeasummaryoftheabovepassageinabout80words: SECTIONBWRITING(35MARKS) 3.YouareSumeshofNo.24AshoknagarRoad,Kolkata.Youdesiretosellyourcar.Draft anadvertisementforthenewspaper. (5)Marks) Or Yoursisterisgettingmarriedandyouhavebeenaskedtodraftaformalinvitation.Draft aninvitationonbehalfofyourparents. 4. You are L. Kullajit. You have participated in CBSE Intel Science Quiz for 2011 at AmbaniAuditorium.Writeareportofthesametobepublishedinthenewspaper. (10marks) Or
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YouareOisha/Omesh.YourschoolhasorganizedanExhibitioncumSaleoftheitems made by the students in their workexperience classes. You had an excellent and overwhelmingresponsefromtheparentsandthevisitors.Theproceedsofthesalehave been donated by your school in a function to Helpline India; an organization for supportingtheorphans.Makeareportofthesamein125wordstobepublishedinyour schoolbulletin/magazine. 5. You are an educationist and feel strongly about the flaws in the existing system of education particularly examination. You feel that the system neglects the talents and skillsofstudentsandisrestrictedtoclassroomteaching.Writealettertotheeditorof an English newspaper making a case for education beyond classroom teaching. Sign yourselfasDr.ManojLamba. (10) Or ReadthenewspaperclippingandapplyforthepostconsideringyoutobeRagini/Raju. D.A.V.PUBLICSCHOOL,CHENNAI Requires a competent PGT in English E.Q. M.A from a recognized University. Minimum5yearsexperienceofteaching+2classes,fluencyinspokenEnglishisa prerequisite.PayscaleasperGovt.Grade.Applywithinsevendayswithcomplete biodatatoRichardCrashawPrincipal 6.Inmonsoonseason,outbreakofmalariaanddengueisquitecommon.Yourscience teacherhasaskedyoutowriteanarticlefortheschoolmagazineonthetopicTheKiller DiseaseDengue.Writethearticleinabout200words. (10marks) Or 31stofMayisbeingcelebratedbyyourschoolasWorldNoTobaccoDay.Yourteacher hasaskedyoutoprepareaspeechonthehazardsofsmoking.Writeyourspeech. SECTIONCLITERATURE(45MARKS) 7.Readtheextractsgivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (4 marks) Thosewhopreparegreenwars, warswithgas,warswithfire, victorywithnosurvivors,wouldputoncleanclothes andwalkaboutwiththeirbrothers intheshade,doingnothing. (1) i)Whomdoesthoserefertohere? ii)Whatdoesthepoetmeanbyvictorywithnosurvivors? (1)
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iii) What lesson will man learn when he just walks about with his brothers doing nothing? (1) iv)Namethepoemandthepoet.(1) Or Wehaveimaginedforthemightydead, Alllovelytalesthatwehaveheardorread; Anendlessfountainofimmortaldrink, Pouringuntousfromtheheavensbrink. i)Whoarethemightydead?(1) ii)Explainlovelytaleshaveweheardorread? (1) iii)Explain:Pouringuntousfromtheheavensbrink? (1) iv)Namethepoemandthepoet.(1) 8. Answer any three of the following questions in about 3040 words each: (3x2=6) i)Whatisthesignificanceoftheimages,sprintingtreesandmerrychildrenspillingout oftheirhomesinthepoemMyMotheratSixtysix? ii)Whatdoesthepoetmeanbysaying,lettheirtonguesrunnakedintobooksinthe poemAnElementarySchoolClassroominaSlum? iii)Whatarethedifferentreasonsforwhichthecarshaltattheroadsidestandinthe poemARoadsideStand? iv)Explain:TheypaceinsleekchivalriccertaintyinthepoemAuntJennifersTiger? 9.Answerthefollowingquestionsinabout3040wordseach:(5x2=10) i)HowdidtheChamparanepisodechangetheplightofthepeasants? ii)HowdoesMukeshsgrandmotherviewthefamilyoccupationofbanglemakingand itspoverty? iii)WhydidntM.HamelscoldFranzfornotlearninghislesson? iv)WhatadvantagedidtheofficeboythinkSubbuhad? v)Whatarethedrawbacksofaninterview? 10.Answeranyoneofthefollowinginabout125150words: (10Marks) Whatmadethepeddlerfinallychangehisways?Whatisthemessageconveyed? Or HowdidtheinstructorbuildaswimmeroutofDouglas? 11.Answeranyoneofthefollowinginabout125150words:(7Marks) What were the precautions taken for the smooth conduct of the examination with referencetothelessonEvantriesanOLevel? Or JustifythatBamahasakeensenseofobservationandiscapableofgivingtheminutest ofdetails.(MemoriesofChildhood) 12.Answerthefollowingquestionsinabout3040wordseach:(4x2=8) a)WhydidMaharajaorderthedewantodoublethelandtax?
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b)Inwhatwaycanthefurtherdepletionofozonelayerdisrupttheentirefoodchainof theSouthSeas? c)GivetworeasonswhyDr.SadaowasnotsentabroadwiththeJapanesetroops? d)WhatwasRogerSkunksproblem?Howdidhegetridofit? AnswerKey 1. i) Tagore was a great literary artist, an educator, a music composer, a singer, an actorhenceversatile.(Anytwo)+ ii)Itcallsuponustonourishunityofourcountryandbedevotedtoit.(1) iii His mission was to reconcile East and West in a spirit of understanding and mutual enlightenment. (2) iv) His name symbolizes the light of the day which dispels the most of darkness, the cloudofsuspicionandrestoreshealthtothehumansystem.(2) v)Translationofhisworksintomanylanguagesprovestheuniversalappealofhiswork. (1) vi) Humans should work without being affected by ideals of social life, economic pursuitsandbeautiesofnature. (2) b)i)perpetualii)asterismiii)bequeathed. (3x1) 2.a) SALT:AMIRACULOUSGIFTOFNATURE 1.Salt:Useful&Amazingmineral a)Derivedfromsea&rock(onlyediblerock) b)Usedinvariousfoods (i)bakeryproducts (ii)preparedfoods/diaryfoods (iii)sauces,soups,cereals,spices (iv)meats&poultry c)Extraordinaryfoodpreservative (i)retardsgrowthofspoilage (ii)makesfoodstoragepossible 2.ChemistryofSalt a)Symbol:NaCl(39%Sodium,61%Clorine) b)ChlorideofSodium c)Imp.OfCl (i)maintainswaterbalanceincells (ii)helpsindigestion (iii)maintainsbloodsacidbasebalance(criticalforlife) d)Imp.OfNa (i)regulatesbloodvol.&pressure (ii)facilitatestransmissionofnerveimpulses (iii)necessaryforheart&musclecontractions 3.UsesofSalt a)Flavourenhancer/filter
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 b)Facilitatesbreathinginsnorers c)Invigoratesskinbyremovingdeadskin d)Saltbathsdetoxifybody,relievemuscle/jointpains e)Salinegargles:removethroatcongestion 4.HarmfulEffectsofSalt a)idealconsumption:4to10gmaday b)def.causes (i)lethargy (ii)dizziness (iii)cramps (iv)palpitation c)ExcessiveSaltintakecauses (i)Retardationoffluidsandbreastpain(inwomen) (ii)highbloodpressure (iii)coronaryheartdiseases (iv)stroke KeytoAbbreviations Imp. importance & and vol. volume def. deficiency Markingscheme: Title(1) Abbreviations+Key(1) Content(3) b) Salt, a miraculous gift of nature is an essential ingredient in food. It is an excellent preservative, flavor enhancer and detoxificant. It is used in making and preserving a majority of foods and food products. Common Salt (NaCl) is 39% sodium and 61% chloride.Itmaintainswaterbalance,helpsindigestion,relievesmuscleandjointpain, removesthroatcongestion,andfacilitatesnerveimpulsesandmusclecontradictions.It should be taken in a balanced way (4 to10gms everyday) because both its deficiency and excess can cause a number of hazardous diseases including heart disease and stroke. MarkingScheme: Content(2)Expression(1)

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3. MarkingScheme: Format(1) Content(2) Expression(2) Or

CARFORSALE 2004HondaAccord,whitecolour, 2.2Ltautomatictransmission, equippedwithleatherupholstery, CDchanger,alloywheels,sunroof, ingoodcondition.Pleasecontact:9878266340

Mrs.&Mr.S.S.Ahluwalia (No273BlockIVQualitySaltLake,Kolkata) solicityourgraciouspresenceontheauspiciousoccasion ofthemarriageoftheirdaughter MEHER With MUKESH (sonofMrs.andMr.L.B.Kashyap) at10.00A.M on2ndAugust2011 atINVITATIONBANQUETHALL ModelTown,Kolkata. RSVPWithcomplimentsfrom 27149456,9876543210SameerAhluwalia MarkingScheme: Format(1) Content(2) Expression(2) 4.CBSEINTELSCIENCEQUIZCOMPETITIONORGANISED ByL.Kullajit The CBSE Intel Science quiz for 2011 was held at the Ambani Auditorium on 15th July 2011.ItisorganizedeveryyearbytheCentralBoardofSecondaryEducationtopromote
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interest in science among students. Eight teams competed in the National semi final round and four teams made it to the National finals. The four teams selected for the final rounds were KV AFS Yelahanka, Bangalore; St. Georges School Kolkata, Sophia schoolKota,DAVmodelSchool,Chennai. In the final rounds of the quiz, in a highly charged atmosphere and in nail biting competition, the four selected teams battled it out for the National Champion and finally it was St. Georges School, Kolkata who were declared National Champions of CBSEIntelScienceQuiz2011. ThewinningteamwasawardedacashprizeofRs.20,000.Thesecondandthirdprizes, whichwerewonbySophiaschoolKota,DAVmodelschoolChennairespectively,were awardedRs.12,000andRs.7500. The event ended with Vineet Joshi, Secretary CBSE, giving away the prizes. In his address, Josh lauded the efforts of the participants and urged the young ones to be goodcitizens.Around70studentsfromCBSEaffiliatedschool,fromacrossthecountry participatedinthecompetition. (10) MarkingScheme: Title+NameoftheReporter(1) Content(4) Expression:Fluency2,Accuracy2 Or ExhibitioncumSale (AreportbyOisha) Bangalore:Dec.20 Yesterday the school had organized an ExhibitioncumSale of items made by the studentsduringtheirworkexperienceclasses.ItwasinauguratedbyMr.BhoopSingh, the Chairman of the Vidyalaya at 9.30 a.m. He was overwhelmed with joy and was impressed to see the creativity of the students. He also appreciated the work experienceteacherwhohadguidedthestudentssowellandfortappingandgrooming theirhiddentalents. By 10.00 a.m. visitors flocked the Vidyalaya. Within no time the exhibition hall was floodedwithpeople.Theresponseoftheparentsandvisitorswasamazing. It was an eyeopener for the visitors to acknowledge that so much was being done in school and their children were exposed to various activities which was otherwise not possibleforthemtolearn.Thesaletoowassatisfactoryandthefeelingofenthusiasm prevailed,inspiringthestudentstodobetterinfuturealso. Thechildrensexpertisewastalkedaboutbyoneandallandeveryonewitnessedthe appreciation.Theparentsleftwithapositivenotewishingtheschooltheverybest. MarkingScheme:
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Title+NameoftheReporter(1) Content(4) Expression:Fluency2,Accuracy2 5. 27UniversityEnclave Bhiwani 7thDecember,2011 TheEditor TheHindustanTimes NewDelhi Sir EducationbeyondClassroomTeaching Educationhasbeenreducedtopreparingthestudentsforexaminations.Rotememory andrecallaretheskillsrequiredforpassingtheschoolexaminationwhereasinlifemany moreskillsarerequiredformeaningfulliving. Most schools seem to believe that classroom education is the only stepping stone to success. In the process, they overlook other talents and skills of students like music, painting and sports and qualities of head and heart such as courage, chivalry, personality,witandfriendship.Whataretheseschoolsdoingtoinculcatethesequalities inchildren?Insteadofpushingandproddingthechildrenwithburdenandleavingthem dazedandflabbergasted,theyshouldaimfortheoveralldevelopmentofchildren. Themainproblemisourinabilitytolivepeacefullywithothersandourgrabmentality. The schools have to teach the students the ageold values of brotherhood, tolerance, teamspirit,satisfactionandsacrifice.Extracurricularactivitieshaveavitalroletoplay inthisregard. Yourstruly DrManojLamba MarkingScheme: Format(2) Content(4) Accuracy(2) Fluency(2) (10) Or B8GreenField Chennai 7thJuly2011 ThePrincipal D.A.V.PublicSchool Chennai
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ApplicationforthepostofP.G.T.English Sir InresponsetoyouradvertisementinTheTribunedated5thJuly2011,Iwishtooffer myservicesforthepostofP.G.T.inEnglishinyourprestigiousinstitution. Iamahardworkingandhonestperson,passionateaboutthenoblevocationofteaching. Iwishtomakeadifferenceinthelivesofpeoplethrougheducation. I am enclosing my biodata herewith for your kind perusal; I shall be available for an interviewonanydayofyourconvenience. If selected, I assure you that I shall render my services with utmost devotion and sinceritytoyoursatisfaction. Yoursfaithfully Ragini (Ragini) Encl.:BioDataandTestimonials BIODATA Name : RaginiSharma HusbandsName : RajSharma Address : 8,GreenField,Chennai Age : 32years MaritalStatus : Married Nationality AcademicQualification : i) B.AfromAnnamalaiUniversity,Annamalai(68%marks) ii) M.A. (English) from Annamalai University, Annamalainagar (62% marks) iii)B.EdfromAnnamalaiUniversity,Annamalainagar(70%marks) Experience : i)WorkedinStJohnsSchool,Chennaifor7Years. ii)CurrentlyworkingasaP.G.T.EnglishinTagorePublicSchool,Chennai. Scholarships/Prizeswon : i)WonGoldMedalforhighestscoreLinguistics ii)HavebeenascholarshipholderfromClassXtoClassXII. Hobbies : Reading,Traveling Travels : U.S.Afor6months,CourseinSpokenEnglish SalaryDrawn : 13,000/p.m. NamesandAddressofReferences : i)Mr.C.K.Mehta,Principal
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 SanjayCollegeforWomen,Chennai Phone:2724874 ii)Dr.SunilKumar 12,M.G,Road,Chennai Phone:2462359 SalaryExpected :Govt.gradeswithminimum2additionalIncrements MarkingScheme: Format(2)Content(4)Accuracy(2)Fluency(2) 6.THEKILLERDISEASEDENGUE Denguefeverspreadsduetothemosquitoes.Mosquitoesbreedinthestagnantwater foundinplaceslikewatercoolersandroadsides.Whenthesemosquitoesbitepeople, thefevermayleadtodengue.Itishighlyinfectious. Ifapersonisdownwithdenguefeverheshouldimmediatelycontactadoctorsothat thefevercanbepreventedfromspreadingattherighttime.Denguefeverifnottreated properlyandattherighttimecanevenbefatal.Wecanpreventtheoutbreakofdengue bytakingsomemeasures. Waterinthecoolersshouldnotbeallowedtostagnateforlongandmustbechanged regularly. OneortwospoonsofKerosenecanbeputinstagnantwatersothatmosquitoescannot breed in it. Water should not be allowed to stagnate outside the house. One should wear clothes that cover the arms and legs both and insecticides should be sprayed regularly. To prevent mosquito bites, mosquito repellents and mosquito nets at night shouldbeused. If a person finds any mosquitobreeding place, in his locality or in nearby places, he shouldimmediatelycontactthemunicipalcorporationsothattheywilltakeappropriate measurestoeliminatethem. Evenaftertakingtheseprecautions,ifonecatchesthedisease,heshouldbetakento the doctor immediately and should be treated properly. Remember Prevention is better than cure. Prevention of Dengue is as much in the hands of people as in the handsofthemunicipality. (AishwaryaSingh) MarkingScheme: Format(2) Content(4) Accuracy(2) Fluency(2) Or
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 QUITSMOKINGNOTLIFE Respected Principal, worthy teachers and my dear friends, it is a matter of great privilegeformethatIhavegotanopportunitytospeakontheoccasionofWorldNo TobaccoDay.Iamgoingtospeakontheharmfuleffectsofsmoking. Do you know that 8 to 10 lakh people die every year due to tobacco related diseases thatisonepersonevery10seconds?50%ofallsmokersdieattheageof2025years mainly due to lung cancer and heart diseases. All products containing tobacco cause disease and death. If you think passive smoking is less harmful, you are wrong. Even passive smokers are prone to bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma and reduced rat of lung growth.Regularsmokersrun2025timeshigherriskofdevelopinglungcancerand23 timeshigherriskofheartattackandsuddendeath. Yet,peoplecontinuetosmoke.Infactthousandstaketothehabiteveryday.Why?Well the major reason is the nicotine that has an addictive effect and tends to relax or energiesnervoussystem.Anotherreasonisthesmokersconsidersmokingamachoor manly thing to do. Cigarette companies through their alluring advertising promote smokingassomethingheroicandadventurous. Butmedicalresearchhasconclusivelyestablishedthehazardsofsmoking.Itadversely affects our brain, ENT systems, heart, chest, liver, stomach, kidney, bladder and reproductivesystem.Smokingultimatelyleadstodeath. Fortunately, people can kick this menace from their lives. All they need is strong determinationandcounseling. Friends,letstakeapledgethatwewillneversmokeinourlife. Thankyou. MarkingScheme: Format(2) Content(4) Accuracy(2) Fluency(2) 7.i)Thosereferstothepolitician,thestatesmenandthescientistswhoareinvolvedin initiatingandaggravatingwars. (1) ii) Mans activities are indeed heading him towards his doom. The war which man is waging against nature will one day convert this living planet into a dead one and human beings will become an extinct species. The war may be a victory of mans scientificknowledge,buttherewouldbenosurvivorstocelebratethisvictory. (1)
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iii) Man will realize the strength of humanity and become conscious of universal brotherhood.Hisdestructiveactivitieswouldcometoanend. (1) iv)ThenameofthepoemisKeepingQuietandthepoetisPabloNeruda.(1) Or i)Themightydeadreferstothegreatmenandwomenwhoarerememberedfortheir gloriousdeeds.(1) ii)Itreferstothetalesorstoriesofgreatpersonalitieswhohaveinspiredandmotivated thereaderandthehearer.(1) ii)BeautyisthegreatestgiftofGodtomanwhichhasbeenshowereduponusfromthe heavensabove.Thisbeautyiseternalandeverlasting,inwhoseglorymenonearthbask and derive their perennial source of joy and happiness. (1) iv)ThenameofthepoemisAThingofBeautyandthepoetisJohnKeats. (1) 8.i)Bothsprintingtreesandmerrychildrenarehappyandyoung.Theypresenta contrasttothemotherspainandoldageandthepoetsworryandfear.Theyrepresent youth,vigourandspringwhereasthemotherisold,decayingandfrail.(anytwo) (2) ii)Itisineducationthatthepoetseeshopefortheslumchildren.Hestronglyfeelsthat thelivesofthesechildrenwillremaindark,narrowandunfulfilledunlesstheyare educated. (2) iii)Thecitydwellershalttheircarsattheroadsidestandattimestoploughthegrass andusetheyardtobackandturnaround.Atothertimes,theystoptoenquireforthe wayandsometimesironicallytoaskiftheycouldsellthemagallonofgas. (2) iv)Themovementofthetigersissleek,stealthy,sure,majesticandelegant.Theyare sureoftheirpurpose. (2) 9.a) The Champaran episode released the peasants from the mortal fear of British landlords and made them aware of their rights. Apart from getting back 25% of the compensationmoney,theyalsolearntcourage.Withinafewyears,theBritishplanters abandoned their estates, which reverted to the peasants. (2) b) Mukeshs grandmother views bangle making as the destiny of her family. Her husbands blindness their misfortune and impoverished condition, she feels, are ordained by destiny. Years of suffering makes her accept everything in the name of karmaorfate. (2) c)M.HameldidnotscoldFranzbecausehewantedhimtorealizehismistakeofalways puttingoffhislessonsfortomorrow.SuchwasthenatureofallAlsaciansandnowthe worsthadhitthem.Theycouldnolongerlearntheirownlanguage.Thoughtheywere Frenchmen,yettheycouldneitherspeaknorwritetheirlanguage. (2) d)Subbu,innowaywassuperiortotheofficeboyintalentoreducation.Itwasbythe dintofhisbirthinaBrahminfamilythathegotaleadoverhim.Hisbirthhelpedhim
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getbetteropenings,opportunitiesandexposure.Thushehadanedgeovertheoffice boy. (2) e)Interviewisanencroachmentuponanindividualsprivacy.Mostofthetimes,itisan ordealforthecelebrity.Attimesitiscondemnedforitsdiminishingeffect;attimesitis dreaded because it lionizes the subject. Sometimes it wounds and at other times it robsoneofapartofoneself. (2) 10. The peddler had been living a despicable life of poverty, despair and frustration without ever coming across any soul to understand, sympathize, love and guide him. Neither the crofters hospitality nor the ironmasters invitation to the manor house madeanyimpactonhim.Infactherepaidthecrofterbystealinghisearningsandthe ironmasterbygivingapieceofhismindwhenthelattertalkedoftakingthematterto thesheriff. However Edlas warmth, understanding and genuineness touched him. When the girl treated him like a Captain, he spontaneously behaved like a real Captain. He left a rattrapasaChristmasgiftforEdlaandenclosedaletterofthanksandconfessioninit. Leaving behind the stolen money to be restored to the owner, he redeemed himself fromhisdishonestwaysandemergedanaltogethertransformedperson. The message is that man is basically good. Goodness even in a criminal can be awakenedthroughloveandunderstanding. (10) MarkingScheme: Content(5) Expression:Accuracy+Fluency(2+2) Or Douglas was determined to learn swimming to get over his fear of water. Hence he engagedaprofessionalinstructorwhowellunderstoodthegravityofDouglasproblem and the intensity of the terror that gripped his heart. Thus rather than teaching him swimminginonego,theinstructorbuiltaswimmeroutofhimbitbybit. Firstofall,tomakeDouglasgetovertheterrorofdrowning,theinstructorputabelt aroundhiswaistandattacheditsecurelytoapulleythatranonanoverheadcable.For almost three months, he was repeatedly made to go back and forth across the pool. Nexthewastaughttoputhisfaceunderwaterandexhalethroughhisnoseandinhale. Herepeatedtheexercisehundredsoftimes. Later,forweekstogetherhewasmadetokickwithhislegsatthesideofpool.Initially his legs refused but they gradually relaxed and finally he could command them. Thus inchbyinchaswimmerwasbuilt. MarkingScheme: Content(5) Expression:Accuracy+Fluency(2+2)
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11.SinceEvanshadalreadyescapedfromthejailonthreeearlieroccasions,therewas always a lurking fear that he might make another attempt to escape. Therefore all possibleprecautionsweretakentoseethattheOlevelGermanexaminationarranged intheprisondidnotprovidehimwithanymeansofescape. TheGovernorpersonallymonitoredallsecurityarrangementsandheavilyguardedthe Recreation Block from where he expected the prisoner to make another break. Evans cellwasthoroughlycheckedbyJacksontowardoffthepossibilityofthepresenceofan incriminatingmaterialwhichmighthamperthesmoothconductoftheexamination.His nailscissors, nailfile and razor were taken away; and to keep a strict watch on the activitiesofthecellduringtheexamination,theGovernorgotitbugged. A police officer, Stephens was posted to keep a constant vigil on his activities. The invigilatortoowasfriskedtomakesurethathecarriednoobjectionablematerialwith him.Butinspite of all these elaborate preparation Evans escaped. (7) MarkingScheme: Content(4) Expression:Accuracy+Fluency(1+1) Or Bama, a student of class three has a very keen and observant eye and has a flair for givingminutedetails.Inherownwords,foradistanceneedingtenminutesofwalking, Itwouldtakemehalfanhourtoanhourtodawdlealong.Sheenjoyedallthefunand games,entertainingnoveltiesandodditiesinthestreets.Theperformingmonkey,the snake displayed by the charmer, the indefatigable cyclist, the pongal offerings being cooked. Nothing escaped her eagle eyes. She also gives minute details of the coffee clubs and the process of cooling coffee by the waiters. Various seasonal fruits and vegetablesdisplayedtoo,didnotescapehernotice.Insum,shemakesuseofherpento givetheminutestdetails,asapainterwouldgivewithhisbrush. 12.a)TheMaharajacalledthedewanandorderedhimtoimmediatelydoublethetaxof the villagers who had informed him of a tiger in the forest because despite his best effortshewasunabletolocatethebeast. (2) b) Depletion of ozone layer, which protects us from the suns harmful rays, will adverselyaffecttheactivitiesofthephytoplanktons.Thesesinglecelledplantsnourish andsustainthefoodchainofentireSouthOceanandusethesunsenergytoassimilate carbonandsynthesiscompounds.Anyfurtherdepletionintheozonelayerwillhamper theiractivity,whichinturnisgoingtostandinthewayofthegrowthofmarineanimals andbirds,andtheglobalcarboncycle.(2) c) Dr Sadao was not sent abroad with the Japanese troops firstly because he was the GeneralsdoctortheGeneralwasailingandmightneedanoperationanytimesecondly
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Sadaowasperfectingadiscoverywhichwaslikelytorenderwoundsentirelyclean.So hispresenceinJapanwasindispensable. (2) d)RogerSkunkwasadelightfulchild.Hisonlyproblemwasthathesmelledawful.Asa resultnobodylikestobefriendhimandplaywithhim.Hegotridofhisbadsmellwith thehelpofwizardwhocastamagicspelltochangethesmellintothatofroses. (2) BLUEPRINT TOTALMARKS100 Q.No. Section Typeof Marks Total Testing Question marks objectives Reading 20 Q.1 1.1 (i)SA 2M 9 Comprehension (ii)VSA 1M Comprehension (iii)SA 2M Comprehension (iv)SA 2M Comprehension (v)SA 2M Comprehension 1.2 (a)VSA 1M 3 Vocabularytesting (b)VSA 1M Vocabularytesting (c)VSA 1M Vocabularytesting Q.2 2.1 NoteMaking 5M 5 Study Skills (Comprehension andNoteMaking) 2.2 Summary 3M 3 Summaryskills Writing Writing 35 st Q.3. 1 option Short writing 5M 5 Providing factual details, or skill Or organization, 2ndoption Or fluencyandcoherence Short writing or skill Details, organization, fluency 5M andcoherence st Q.4. 1 option Long Writing 10M 10 Presenting factual details. Or Task formal,fluencyandcoherence nd 2 option Or (Newspaper Report) Presenting factual details, Or informal,fluencyandcoherence Long Writing 10M Task (Magazine Report) st Q.5. 1 option Letter 10M 10 Formatting , Organization, Or Writing coherence,fluency,
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2ndoption

Q6.

1stOption Or 2ndOption

Q7(a)

TEXTBOOKS 1stoption Or 2ndoption

(LongWriting Task) Or Letter Writing (LongWriting Task) Article (Long WritingTask) Or Article (Long WritingTask) (e) SA (f) VSA (g) VSA OR (e) SA (f) VSA (g) VSA (e) SA (f) SA (g) SA (h) SA (f) SA (g) SA (h) SA (i) SA (j) Sa LongAnswer Or LongAnswer LongAnswer

Or 10M

Resume Or Formatting , Organization, coherence,fluency,

10M Or 10M

10

Organization, fluency Or Organization, fluency

coherence,

coherence,

2M 1M 1M OR 2M 1M 1M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 2M 10M Or 10M 7M
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45 4 Or 4

Poetryappreciation Interpretation Interpretation Or Poetryappreciation Interpretation Interpretation Comprehension,interpretation, understanding

Q7(b)

Anythree

Q8

Allfive

10

Comprehension,interpretation, understanding

Q9

Q10

1stoption Or 2ndOption 1stoption

10

Content, Organisation, fluency, coherence,understanding Content, Organisation, fluency,

Q11

Or 2ndoption Allfour

SAMPLEPAPER(SOLVED) TimeAllowed:3hours][MaximumMarks100] GeneralInstructions: i) The paper is divided into three Sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory. ii) Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.Readtheseinstructionsverycarefullyandfollowthemfaithfully. iii) Donotexceedtheprescribedwordlimitwhileansweringthequestions. SECTIONA;READING 1.Readthepassagegivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (12marks) 1 I was in Hyderabad giving a lecture, when a 14 year old girl asked me for my autograph.Iaskedherwhathergoalinlifeis:Shereplied:Iwanttoliveinadeveloped India.Forher,youandIwillhavetobuildthisdevelopedIndia.Youmustproclaim:India isnotanunderdevelopednation;itisahighlydevelopednation. 2Allowmetocomebackwithvengeance.Got10minutesforyourcountry?YOUsay thatourgovernmentisinefficient.YOUsaythatourlawsaretooold.YOUsaythatthe municipality does not pick up the garbage. YOU say that the phones don't work, the railways are a joke, the airline is the worst in the world and mails never reach their destination.YOUsaythatourcountryhasbeenfedtothedogsandistheabsolutepits. YOUsay,sayandsay. 3WhatdoYOUdoaboutit?TakeapersononhiswaytoSingapore.Givehimaname YOURS. Give him a face YOURS. YOU walk out of the airport and you are at your Internationalbest.InSingaporeyoudon'tthrowcigarettebuttsontheroadsoreatin the stores. YOU are as proud of their Underground Links as they are. You pay $5
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Or LongAnswer (e) SA (f) SA (g) SA (h) SA

Or 7M 2M 2M 2M 2M

coherence,understanding 8 Understanding,interpretation

(approx. Rs. 60) to drive through Orchard Road (equivalent of Mahim Causeway or PedderRoad)between5PMand8PM. 4 YOU comeback to the parking lot to punch your parking ticket if you have over stayed in a restaurant or a shopping mall irrespective of your status identity. In Singaporeyoudon'tsayanything,DOYOU?YOUwouldn'tdaretoeatinpublicduring Ramadan,inDubai.YOUwouldnotdaretogooutwithoutyourheadcoveredinJeddah. YOU would not dare to buy an employee of the telephone exchange in London at 10 pounds(Rs.650)amonthto,"seetoitthatmySTDandISDcallsarebilledtosomeone else."YOUwouldnotdaretospeedbeyond55mph(88kph)inWashingtonandthen tellthetrafficcop,"Jaantahaisalamainkaunhoon(DoyouknowwhoIam?).Iamso andso'sson.Takeyourtwobucksandgetlost."YOUwouldn'tchuckanemptycoconut shell anywhere other than the garbage pail on the beaches in Australia and New Zealand. Why don't YOU spit Paan on the streets of Tokyo? Why don't YOU use examinationjockeysorbuyfakecertificatesinBoston?Wearestilltalkingofthesame YOU. 5 YOU who can respect and conform to a foreign system in other countries but cannotinyourown.Youwhowillthrowpapersandcigarettesontheroadthemoment youtouchIndianground.Ifyoucanbeaninvolvedandappreciativecitizeninanalien countrywhycannotyoubethesamehereinIndia.Onceinaninterview,thefamousEx municipal commissioner of Bombay Mr. Tinaikar had a point to make. "Rich people's dogsarewalkedonthestreetstoleavetheiraffluentdroppingsallovertheplace,"he said."Andthenthesamepeopleturnaroundtocriticizeandblametheauthoritiesfor inefficiencyanddirtypavements.Whatdotheyexpecttheofficerstodo?Godownwith a broom every time their dog feels the pressure in his bowels? In America every dog ownerhastocleanupafterhispethasdonethejob.SameisinJapan.WilltheIndian citizendothathere?"He'sright. 6Wegotothepollstochooseagovernmentandafterthatforfeitallresponsibility. Wesitbackwantingtobepamperedandexpectthegovernmenttodoeverythingforus whilst our contribution is totally negative. Weexpect thegovernment to clean up but wearenotgoingtostopchuckinggarbageallovertheplacenorarewegoingtostopto pick a up a stray piece of paper and throw it in the bin. We expect the railways to provide clean bathrooms but we are not going to learn the proper use of bathrooms. WewantIndianAirlinesandAirIndiatoprovidethebestoffoodandtoiletriesbutwe are not going to stop pilfering at the least opportunity. This applies even to the staff whoisknownnottopassontheservicetothepublic.Whenitcomestoburningsocial issueslikethoserelatedtowomen,dowry,girlchildandothers,wemakelouddrawing roomprotestationsandcontinuetodothereverseathome.Ourexcuse?"It'sthewhole system which has to change, how will it matter if I alone forego my sons' rights to a dowry." So who's going to change the system? What does a system consist of? Very conveniently for us it consists of our neighbors, other households, other cities, other communitiesandthegovernment.ButdefinitelynotmeandYOU.
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7Whenitcomestousactuallymakingapositivecontributiontothesystemwelock ourselves along with our families into a safe cocoon and look into the distance at countriesfarawayandwaitforaMr.Cleantocomealong&workmiraclesforuswitha majestic sweep of his hand. Or we leave thecountry and run away. Like lazycowards houndedbyourfearsweruntoAmericatobaskintheirgloryandpraisetheirsystem. When New York becomes insecure we run to England. When England experiences unemployment,wetakethenextflightouttotheGulf.WhentheGulfiswarstruck,we demandtoberescuedandbroughthomebytheIndiangovernment.Everybodyisoutto abuse and rape the country. Nobody thinks of feeding the system. Our conscience is mortgagedtomoney. 8 Dear Indians, The article is highly thought inductive, calls for a great deal of introspectionandpricksone'sconsciencetoo....IamechoingJ.F.Kennedy'swordstohis fellowAmericanstorelatetoIndians..... 9 "ASK WHAT WE CAN DO FOR INDIA AND DO WHAT HAS TO BE DONE TO MAKE INDIAWHATAMERICAANDOTHERWESTERNCOUNTRIESARETODAY" 10LetsdowhatIndianeedsfromus.

A.1.1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly:(9marks) i)WhatarethenegativeremarksweSAYaboutourcountry?(2M) ii)HowdoesanIndianbehaveinSingapore?(1M) iii)ListthedeedsanIndianwouldnotdaretodowhiletravelingabroad.(2M) iv)Whatisourattitudetowardselectionsandsocialissues?(2M) v)Dr.Kalamsays,Ourconscienceismortgagedtomoney.Whatdoeshemeanby thisstatement? A.1.2. Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following. (3marks) (a)notgenuine,imitation(para4) (b)rich(para5) (c)surrender,giveup(para6) 2.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow:(8marks) It is worth saying something about the social position of beggars, for when one has consortedwiththem,andfoundthattheyareordinaryhumanbeings,onecannothelp being struck by the curious attitude that society takes towards them. People seem to feel that there is some essential difference between beggars and ordinary "working" men. They are a race apartoutcasts, like criminals and prostitutes. Working men "work,"beggarsdonot"work";theyareparasites,worthlessintheirverynature.Itis taken for granted thata beggar does not "earn" his living, as a bricklayer or aliterary critic"earns"his.Heisameresocialexcrescence,toleratedbecauseweliveinahumane age,butessentiallydespicable.
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Yetifonelookscloselyoneseesthatthereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenabeggar's livelihood and that of numberless respectable people. Beggars do not work, it is said; but,then,whatiswork?Anaccountantworksbyaddingupfigures.Abeggarworksby standingoutofdoorsinallweathersandgettingvaricoseveins,chronicbronchitis,etc. Itisatradelikeanyother;quiteuseless,ofcoursebut,then,manyreputabletradesare quiteuseless.Andasasocialtypeabeggarcompareswellwithscoresofothers.Heis honest compared with the sellers of most patent medicines, highminded compared with a Sunday newspaper proprietor, amiable compared with a hirepurchase toutin short, a parasite, but a fairly harmless parasite. He seldom extracts more than a bare livingfromthecommunity,and,whatshouldjustifyhimaccordingtoourethicalideas, hepaysforitoverandoverinsuffering.Idonotthinkthereisanythingaboutabeggar thatsetshiminadifferentclassfromotherpeople,orgivesmostmodernmentheright todespisehim. Thenthequestionarises,Whyarebeggarsdespised?fortheyaredespised,universally. I believe it is for the simple reason that they fail to earn a decent living. In practice nobodycareswhetherworkisusefuloruseless,productiveorparasitic;thesolething demandedisthatitshallbeprofitable.Inallthemodemtalkaboutenergy,efficiency, socialserviceandtherestofit,whatmeaningisthereexcept"Getmoney,getitlegally, andgetalotofit"?Moneyhasbecomethegrandtestofvirtue.Bythistestbeggarsfail, andforthistheyaredespised.Ifonecouldearneventenpoundsaweekatbegging,it wouldbecomearespectableprofessionimmediately.Abeggar,lookedatrealistically,is simplyabusinessman,gettinghisliving,likeotherbusinessmen,inthewaythatcomes to hand. He has not, more than most modern people, sold his honor; he has merely madethemistakeofchoosingatradeatwhichitisimpossibletogrowrich. byGeorgeOrwell(1933)

A.2.1Onthebasisofyourreadingofthepassagemakenotesonit,usesrecognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Use a suitable format. Supply an appropriate title. (5marks) A.2.2.Writeasummaryofthepassageinnotmorethan80words.(3marks) SECTIONB,ADVANCEDWRITINGSKILLS 3.YouareSharon/Shan.Youhavebeeninvitedtoattendtheweddingofyourfriends sisterduringsummerVacation.Respondtotheinvitationregrettingyourinabilityto attendit. (5marks) OR DesignanattractivePosteronSayNotoPlasticissuedbySarvaSurakshaSamitian NGOstationedinBangalore.(5marks)
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4.YouareMudit/ManasiworkingasanewspaperReporterforTheTimesofIndia,New Delhi.Yesterday,youwereinvitedtoattendapressconferenceconvenedbytheUnion Minister for Human Resources Development on the proposed changes in the examination pattern for the present class X, to bring about a stress free education system in the country. It is called CCE i.e. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation. Write a Report for publication in your paper covering the governments proposals in 100125words.(10marks) OR An Each One Plant One camp was organized by your school to celebrate VanamahotsavaDayon10thNovember.AsSecretaryofGoGreenClubofyourschool, Armada Public School, Bhopal, write a Report in 100125 words for your school magazine.YouareAnkit/AnkitaofclassXII.(10marks) 5.Sheena,C4,PostalColony,Thrissur,boughtanUshaLexusautomaticironfromM/s. Nandillath,RoundNorth,Thrissur.Withinaweekitstartedgivingproblems.Shewritesa lettertothedealer,complainingaboutthedefectsandasksthemtoreplacethepiece. Writetheletterforherin125words.(10marks) OR You are Anuj/Anita living at #9/2, 5th Cross, Malleshwaram, Bangalore. You are very muchpainedtoknowaboutthecurrentstateofaffairswithregardtocorruptionand scandalsintheIndianpoliticalScene.WritealettertotheEditoroftheHindu,showing yourconcernaboutthefallingstandards.(10marks) 6. Write anarticle in not more than 200 words on the topic The Power Crisis andits Impactwithregardtothefrequentpowerbreakdownandloadsheddingoperationsin your city and many other cities in India. (10marks) OR A recent survey showed that there are still many communities in India which do not welcomethebirthofagirlchild.Canacountrywhichdoesnotgiveequalrightstoallits citizensevendreamofbecominggreat?Writeanarticlein175200wordsgivingyour viewsontheaboveissueandthestepsweshouldtaketosolvethisproblem. (10marks) SECTIOND(LITERATURE) 7A.Readthelinesgivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (4marks) Theydonotfearthemenbeneaththetree; Theypaceinsleekchivalriccertainty. (a)AreAuntJenniferstigersreal?Givereasonsforyouranswer. (2marks) (b)Whydothetigersnotfearthemenbeneaththetree?(1mark)
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(c)Whatdoyouunderstandbychivalriccertainty?(1mark) OR Athingofbeautyisajoyforever Itslovelinessincreases,itwillnever Passintonothingness;butwillkeep Abowerquietforus. (a) Athingofbeautyisajoyforever.Explain.(2marks) (b) Whydoesabeautifulthingneverpassintonothingness?(1) (c) Whatdoesthepoetmeanbyabowerquietforus?(1mark) 7B.Answeranythreeofthequestionsbrieflyin3040words.3x2=6 (a) WhatdoesStephenSpenderwantforthechildrenoftheslums?Howcantheir liveschange? (b) Howwillcountinguptotwelveandkeepingstillhelpus? (c) WhatisthechildishlongingthatRobertFrostrefersto?Whyisitinvain? (d) Whatwasthesignificanceofthepartingwordsandthesmileofthepoet? 8.Answerthefollowingquestionsinabout3040words.(2x5=10) (a) WhatwasthemoodintheclassroomwhenM.HamelgavehislastFrenchlesson? (b) Whatdoesthewritermeanwhenshesays,Sahibisnolongerhisownmaster.? (c) Why did Gandhiji agree to the British Landlords offer of just 25% refund of the compensationtothefarmersofChamparan? (d) WhatwerethepositivequalitiesofSubbuthatAsokamitranadmired? (e) HowdidtheincidentattheY.M.C.A.poolaffectDouglas? 9.Answeranyoneinabout150words.(10marks) ThebanglemakersofFerozabadmakebeautifulbanglesandmakeeveryonehappybut theyliveanddieinsqualor.Elaborate. OR HowdidtheChamparanepisodeendthesufferingsofthesharecroppers? 10.Answeranyoneinabout125150words.(7marks) When did the Tiger King stand in danger of losing his kingdom? How was he able to avertthedanger? OR HowdidthequestionpaperandthecorrectionsliphelptheprisonerandtheGovernor? 11.Answerthefollowingbrieflyinjust3040wordseach.(4x2=8) (a) WhydidCharleysaythatGrandCentralStationisgrowinglikeatreeinthestory TheThirdLevel? (b) TheworldsgeologicalhistoryistrappedinAntarcticaWhatdoesTishaniDoshi meanbythisstatement? (c) DidJoapproveofthe mothersaction?Whatdidshewantthestorytobelike andwhy? (d) WhatdoesDerryknowaboutthefairytale BeautyandtheBeast?Whyishenotconvincedbyitsmoral?
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ANSWERKEY SectionA(READING) 1Nomarkstobedeductedformistakesingrammar,spellingorwordlimit.Fullmarks awardedifthestudentidentifiesthecoreideas.Nomarksdeductedforliftingportionof thegivenpassage. Q.1.A (a) Govt. is inefficient; laws too old; municipality does not pick up garbage; phones dont work; railways a joke; airline worst in the world; mails dont reach their destination.Anyfourpoints(x4) (2marks) (b) In Singapore Indian is at his International best; doesnt throw cigarette butts on roads; eat in stores; pays 5 dollars t drive through Orchard Rd. Any two (+=1mark) (c) Indians dont dare to eat in public during Ramadan in Dubai; not dare to go out withoutheadcoveredinJeddah;notdaretobuyanemployeeoftelephoneexchangein London;notdaretospeedbeyond55mphinWashington;wontchuckemptycoconut shellanywhere;wontspitPAANonstreets.Anyfourpoints(x4)(2marks) (d) We go to polls to choose a government and after that forfeit all responsibilities expectinggovt.todoeverythingforus;asforsocialissuesmakeloudprotestationsand continuetodothereverseathome. (1+1=2marks) (e)Hemeansweleavethecountryandrunawaytomakemoremoney;wedontdo anythingtoimproveourcountry.(2marks) Q.1.B a)fake[1mark b)affluent[1mark c)forfeit[1mark 2.Ifastudenthasattemptedonlysummaryoronlynotesduecreditshouldbegiven Atitlegivenanywhere1marktobeallotted Minimum3mainheadingsandmaximum6 Thenotesprovidedbelowarejustguidelines.Anyothertitle,headingorsubheading canbeacceptediftheyareindicativeofthestudentsunderstandingofthepassage. Notesmustincludemainpointsandabbreviations.Completesentencesshouldnot beacceptedasnotes. NOTEMAKING
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Distributionofmarks Abbreviations/symbolswith/withoutkeyanyfour[1mark Title[1mark Content[3marks SuggestedNotes Title:WhydespiseBeggars?(oranyothertitle) 1.Pub.Opiniononbeggars 1.1verydiff.fromworkingmen 1.2likenedtocriminals&prostitutes 1.3donotwork 1.4SocialExcrescence,despicable 2Diff.b/wbeggar&others 2.1AccountantWorkswithfigures 2.2beggarsstandinbadweather 2.3Beggarexposedtovaricoseveins,chronicbronchitis 2.4morehonest,harmless 3Whydespise? 3.1Bcoz.failtoearndecentliving 3.2dontearnlotofmoney 3.3Neversellshishonour 3.4Onlymist.Choseatradewherecantgrowrich Summary Thesummaryshouldincludeallthepointsgiveninthenotes. Content[2marks Expression[1mark (above90wordsdeductmark) SECTIONB(AdvancedWritingSkills) Hereexpressionandcontentbothmustbetested QUESTION3 Iftheanswersexceed60wordsdeductmark ReplytoinformalInvitation Format1M (IncludingSendersAddress,date,SalutationandComplimentaryclose) Content2M Expression2M Suggestedvaluepoints Suggestedvaluepoints a. Thankforinvitingfollowedbydetailsofevent b. Expressinabilitywithreason c. ConveyGoodwishes OR POSTER
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Format[1mark Content[2marks Expression[2marks Suggestedvaluepoints ACatchyHeadingontheTopic MessageofAppealtoavoidPlasticsincatchyslogansandphrases Sketchtoaddattraction Nameoftheorganizationissuingit QUESTION4 REPORTWRITING Format title,reportersname[1mark Content[4marks Expression[5marks Grammaticalaccuracy,appropriatewordsandspelling[2 Coherenceandrelevanceofideasandstyle[2 Suggestedvaluepoints (MINISTERELABORATESONCCE) (oranyotherrelevanttitle) what where when Mainspeakersatthemeeting MinistersexplanationofCCE;reasonforitsimplementation;expectedsuccess questionsaskedbythemedia;Ministersreplies OR SuitableTitle Suggestedvaluepoints guestsanddignitaries plantingofsaplings placards/marchontheroad culturalprogramme;quizetc seminars anyotherrelevantdetails (150t0175wordsdeductmark) (above175wordsdeduct1mark) QUESTION5 LETTERWRITING No marks are to be awarded if only the format is given. Credit should be given to creativityinpresentationofideas. Format
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1.sendersaddress,2.date,3.receiversaddress,4.subjectheading,5.salutation, 6.complimentaryclose[2] Content[4marks] Expression[4marks] Grammaticalaccuracyappropriatewordsandspelling(2) Coherenceandrelevanceofideas(2) COMPLAINTLETTER Suggestedvaluepoints Detailsofthepurchase(Where,When,howmuch,Billno.etc.,) Statetheproblemwithit. Requestforreplacement Complimentaryclose OR CORRUPTIONATHIGHLEVEL introducingself frustrationovervariousscams detrimentaleffectsonthefutureofIndia appealtotakethepathofhonesty requestforapledgetoraisethenationsreputation QUESTION6 ARTICLEWRITING 225to250wordsdeductmark Above250deduct1mark Format(Titleandwritersname)[1mark Content[4marks Expression[5marks (Grammaticalaccuracy,appropriatewordsandspelling)2 (Coherenceandrelevanceofideaandstyle)2 Suggestedvaluepoints THEPOWERCRISISANDITSIMPACT Poweragreatboontomankind indiscriminateusagecausingshortage leadingtopowercuts problemsatvariouslevelsathome problemintheindustry needtosavepower suggestionsonsavingelectricityathomeandpublicplaces howtohaveapowerbrightfuture asuitableending (anyrelevantsuggestions) OR Suggestedvaluepoints
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THEGIRLCHILD(oranyotherrelevanttitle) athoughtprovokingintroduction thehatefulattitudetowardsagirlchildshocking girlchildhasequalpartinthefamily/society someincentivesgivenandtodaythescenarioischanging peoplemustawaketothefactgirlscanalsoshineinvariousfields ExamplesofIndianwomenwhohaveexcelled Suggestiontoerasetheseoutdatedideas SECTIONC(LITERATURE) QUESTION7A Thisquestionhasbeendesignedtotestonlythestudentsunderstandingofthetext. Thereforethereisnopenalisationforlanguageerrors. a) (a)no;notreal;onscreenembroideredonapanel[2marks (b)donotfearthemenbeneaththetree;symbolofchivalry;powerful[1mark (c)sureoftheirpowerandstrength[1mark OR b) (a)athingofbeautyhasalastingimpactcannevermoveintoemptiness.weeven thinkoftheminourdream[2marks (b)ithaslongstandingimpression,notsubjecttotime[1mark (c)shadyplacewhereonecansitandponder 1QUESTION7B (Onexceeding60wordsdeductmark) Shortanswertypequestions(Poetry) Distributionofmarks: Content[1mark Expression[1mark (deductmarksfortwoormoregrammatical/spellingmistakes Valuepoints| a) wantstrueeducation;theirlivescanchangeifgivenopportunities;authorities shouldworkforupliftment b) countinguptotwelvewillhelpusthinkaboutourselves;aboutworldaround us;chaoswehumanshavecreated;introspecttheworldaround c) thepoorfarmerkeepswaitingalldaysforsomecartostopathisstand;hardly anystopsthere;longingisinvainasnoonecomestobuythethingshehasput upforsale d) Parting word See you soon Amma and the smile was meant to give moral support/strength/reassurance.Thesmilewasalsomeanttohideherownfear andemotionalturmoil
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QUESTION8 Shortanswertypequestions(Prose) Questionstobeansweredin3040words. Ifanswerexceeds60wordsdeductmarks Distributionofmarks Content[1mark Expression[1mark (deductmarkifmorethantwogrammaticalorspellingmistakes) a)schoolstrangeandsilent;mostofthevillagepeoplesittingonthebackbench;all quietandsad;showedsympathyandrespecttoteacher;thankedMHamel.Learntthe lessonasintheywantedtolearneverything b)poorragpicker SahebEAlam meansLordoftheUniverse ironyisheisverypooranddoesntevenhaveshoes c)Gandhijiexplainedthattheamountofrefundwaslessimportantthanthefactthat landlordswereobligedtosurrenderpartofthemoneyandwithitpartoftheirprestige d)he gave direction and definition to Gemini Studios; separate identity as a poet; tailormadeforfilms;charitable;readinesstosaynicethingstoeveryone e)couldnotgoforswimming;grippedwiththefearofwater;couldnotenjoyboating, fishing,canoeingetc. QUESTION9 Distributionofmarks: Content[5marks Expression[5marks (Grammaticalaccuracy,appropriatewordsandspelling2) (Coherenceandrelevanceofideasandstyle2) 175To200Wordsdeductmark Above200wordsdeduct1mark Valuepoints utterpovertygenerationaftergeneration believetheyaredestinedtoworkinbanglefactories makebeautifulbanglesbutliveindark brightfurnacestodowelding theyloosetheireyesight victimsofviciouscircleofmiddlemen lawenforcingauthoritiespreyuponthem bleakfuture OR Valuepoints SharecroppersforcedtogrowIndigo15%ofland SubmitproducetoBritishlandlordasrent GermanyinventedartificialIndigoPeasantsunawareofit Fallinpriceofindigo
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Britishdemandedcompensationtoreleasefarmersfromagreement RajShuklaapproachesGandhiji Gandhijifightsforthecauseandagreesto25%refundbytheBritish. HehelpsfarmerrealizeBritishnotabovelaw Gandhialsoworkstoremoveilliteracyandimprovehealthandhygiene. QUESTION10 Distributionofmarks Content:{4marks Expression{3marks (Grammaticalaccuracyappropriatewordsandspelling1) (Coherenceandrelevanceofideasandstyle1) 175to200wordsdeductmark Above200wordsdeduct1mark Valuepoints: aftergrowingupTigerKingstartedkillingtigersduetoastrologersprediction ABritishhighrankingofficerwantedtohunttigers BritishOfficerssecretarysuggestedtotakeaphotographwithakilledtiger Maharajahrefusedandwasindangeroflosinghiskingdom sent50ringsworthtotheLadyoftheofficertoselectsomeasappeasement ===TheLadykeptallandnolongerwastheMaharajahtroubled OR Evanswrotetheexaminthecell,wrotehisnameinthequestionpaper The Asst. Secretary informed the Governor that they had forgotten to place a correctionslipintheexampackageanddictatedit. TheclueforEvanswasinthepaperitself,IndexNowas313andcentreNo271 CorrectionsliphelpedEvanstoescapeandhelpedGovernoralsototracehim Evanswasabletoescapeagainashehadmanyfriendstohelphim QUESTION11 MarkingSchemesameasQuestion8 a) because he gets lost there many times; he was always discovering new corridors ;pushingoutnewtunnels;newdoorwayslikerootsofahugetree b)there was a giant super continent 650 million years ago called Gondwana.%00 millionyearsagoitdisintegratedintocountriesastheyexisttoday.Antarticawasthen atthecentreofGondwana.Thestudyhelpsusknowofthepastofcordilleranfolds,pre Cambriangraniteshields,ozoneandcarbon,evolutionandextinction c)Jodidnotapproveofthemothersaction;shebelievedinsteadofagreeingtogive backtheskunkhissmelltheWizardshouldhavehitthemotherback;shebelievedthe motherwassillyandoverbearing d)Derry had heard the tale; Beauty liked the monstrous Beast; when she kissed he turnedintoahandsomeprince;moralwasnothowyoulookoutsidebuthowyoulook insideisimportant;Derrywasnotconvincedasevenifsomeonekissedhewouldnever changeandhismotheralwayskissedhimonlyontheothercheek
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 SAMPLEQUESTIONPAPER(UNSOLVED) SECTIONA Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: 1. Dussehra and Diwali leave us in a messphysically speaking. After all the lavish indulgences,ourbodyliterallysendssignalsthatitistimewesloweddown.And thereisawayoutremovethetoxins. 2. Mostpeoplebelievethatgoingonadetoxtripislikesufferingacrashdietanda method to lose weight, which is wrong notion. Nutrition head of Golds Gym AshwiniSukumarexplainsthatdetoxificationhasitsrootsintraditionalChinese medicinesthatisalsobeenusedinancientIndia,AsiaandEgypt.Itisthebodys natural, ongoing process if neutralizing or eliminating toxins from the body. A detoxdietpostDiwaliblastisforthosewhowanttobringtheirbodiesbacktoits originalconditionfollowingfestivalfun.Youmaydecidetouseadetoxplanasa regular thing when you begin to feel the benefits and can use the principles again, depending on the extent of detox you are looking to achieve, she explains. 3. Shealsoexplainsthatitisnecessaryandimportanttogoonadetoxdietafter bingingonyourfavouritefood.Manychemicalsweingestdaily,throughfood, waterandair,aredepositedasfatcellsinourbodies.Adietthatlackscertain nutrientsmayalsoimpairournaturalabilitytodetoxifychemicals,whichfurther leads to their buildup in the body. So, it is necessary to go on a detox diet to cleanse all that. States Ashwini. The benefits include improved digestion, and increasedconcentrationandclarity. 4. Manypeoplealsogoonsuchdietstoloseweight,isitagoodthing?Weask.If youfastforseveraldays,youwillshedweight,noquestion.Buttypically,mostof the weight loss is water loss and some of it may be muscle tissue. Fasting or detoxing for longer periods can also slow down your metabolism, making it hardertokeeptheweightofforloseweightlater. 5. While, director of wellness chihealth, Sheela Krishnaswamy says, modern medicinehasnoscientificbeliefindetoxsdietsbecausetheliver,kidneys,colon andskinremovewasteproductsfromourbodyonadailybasis,irrespectiveof what we may eat. But alternate therapists endorse detox diets very strongly, especiallyafteraseasonofdietaryexcesses. 6. Shealsopointsoutthatworkingonsuchdietsisanewconcept.Earlierwomen usedtopreparesweetsandsnacksathome.Theyalwaysknewwhatingredients they would use and the preparation would also involve tedious work. Even if theybingethephysicalworkthatwasinvolvedduringthepreparationofthese festivalswouldhelpthemtocutdownonthefat.Butnoweverythingisavailable
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ontheshelfandoflate,peoplepreferbuyingsweetsatstores,wherethecalorie contentishigh,shestates. 7. Sowhatdoesatypicaldetoxprocessentail?cutbackonsugarystuff.Havelot ofvegetables,fruitjuices,coconutwaterandexerciseifyouhavegainedweight. But,remembertodetoxonlyfordayortwo.Dontgoonacontinuouscrash,it willharmyourbody.Shewarns. Nowanswerthequestionsthatfollow,basedonyourreadingoftheaboveextract: 1. Whatisthewrongnotionharbouredbymostpeopleaboutdetoxdiets? 2. Isitagoodsigntogoonanextendeddiettoloseweight? 3. Whyisitnecessarytogoonadetoxdiet? 4. Whatcomprisesofadetoxdiet? 5. Whydoesmodernsciencenotbelieveindetoxdiet? Findwordsinthepassagethatmeanthesameas 1. Intake{para3} 2. Removeharmfulorpoisonoussubstance 3. Slowordull{para6} 2.Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow. The origin of water on Earth is linked to the formation of Earth. According to some currently accepted theories Earth began as a waterless mass of rock surrounded by cloud of gas. Radioactive materials in the rock and increasing pressure in the Earths interior gradually produced enough heat to melt the interior of the Earth. The heavy materials,suchasironores,thensank.Thelightsilicates(rocksmadeupofsiliconand oxygen) rose to the Earths surface and formed the earliest crust. Many silicate rocks havewatermoleculesintegratedintotheiratomicarrangementwatercanbedriven outofsuchrocksbytheactionofheat.ThustheheatingoftheEarthsinteriorcaused release of water contained in such rocks to the surface. Over millions of years, water thus released collected slowly in low places of the crust and formed the oceans. Whatsoevermighthavebeentheoriginofwater,Earthsoriginalsupplyofwaterisstill inuseandverylittle,ifany,hasbeenaddedduringthepastbillionyearsorso.Thesame water has been pumped time and again from the oceans into the air, dropped down uponthelandsandtransferredbacktosea.Asingledropofwaterspends8to10days passingthroughair,2to3weeksinariver,aslongas100yearsinaHimalayanGlacier orfrom100to40,000yearunderground. As chemical, water is unique and rather odd. All its oddities can be traced to its molecularstructure.Itisarathersturdymolecule.Untilsome180yearsagowaterwas believedtobeaninvisibleelementratherthanachemicalcompound.Todaystudentsof scienceknowsthateachofitsmoleculesismadeupoftwoatomsofHydrogenandone atomofoxygenthebondbetweentheoxygenandthehydrogenatomispolar,thatis,it haspositiveandnegativechargedendsbecauseofanunequaldistributionofelectrons. The oxygen atom has a denser distribution of electrons around it and hence a net negative charge. The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule, on the other hand, are positively charged. This leads to a lopsided (molecule with electrical charges
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concentrated on opposite sides). Water molecules, are therefore, attracted to each otheraswellastoothermoleculeshavingasimilarchargedistribution.Andmanyofthe characteristicfeaturesofwatercanbetracedtothesocalledhydrogenbondbetween itsmolecules. When a substance dissolves in another substance, the resulting distribution of the molecules of the two substances has lesser number of molecules of either substance surroundedbyitsownkind.Thisnecessitatesdisruptingprevailingintermolecularforces in each of them. The molecules of most organic compounds (e.g., oily substances are nonpolar).Asaconsequencetheintermolecularforcesbetweenorganicmoleculesare much weaker than in water. If such a substance is to mix with water the resulting distribution of molecules must lead to lowering of energy content. If more energy is required to separate water molecules from each other (by breaking hydrogen bonds) than is gained when water molecules get closer to organic molecules, the two substanceswillnotmixtogether.Itisforthisreasonthatwaterandoildonotmixand manyorganiccompoundsdonotdissolveinwater. 2.AOnthebasisofyourreadingoftheabovepassage,makenotesusingheadingsand subheadings,userecognizableabbreviationswherevernecessary. 2.BMakeasummaryoftheabovepassageinnotmorethan80wordsusingthenotes madeandalsosuggestasuitabletitle. SECTIONB 3. You are Gokul/Gopika, the Secretary of Integrity Club. Draft a notice inviting the studentsofyourschooltoattendaSkittobepresentedbythemembersofyourclubon the occasion of the vigilance day being observed in your school on Nov 1. Write the notice in not more than 30 to 50 words. 5M OR YouareRaniandhavebeenacceptedatNIT,Suratkalasyouhavescoredahighrankin AIEEE.Youdecidedtohostapartyforyourclosefriendsandrelativesbeforeyouleave forSuratkal.AsRanidraftaninformalinvitationinnotmorethan50words. 4.ThesocialserviceleagueofyourschoolcelebratedDiwaliinanovelwaybycollecting moneyanddiscardedclothesanddistributingthemalongwithsweetsandcrackersto thechildrenatalocalorphanage.WriteareportforyourschoolmagazineasPraneet/ Preeti,Secretaryofyourclub.10 M OR You are Winnie/William. The Book Fair which lasted for a month in your city was the topicofallbooklovers.Writeareportonitinabout100125words. 4. YoursisterhasjustpassedtheallIndiaSecondarySchoolExaminationofCBSE. ShehasseenanadvertisementinanewspaperregardingAirHostessasacareer.Sheis keen to join the training course provided by ABC Service, Connaught place, New Delhi.
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Write a letter to the Director of the Centre seeking necessary information about her admission.YouareRohit.10M OR You are Chetna Sharma of Siddarthnagar, Mysore. You came across an article in the news Paper about the effects of Endosulfan on human beings and the Governments decision not to ban the use of Endosulfan. You decide to write a letter to the Editor expressingyourdeepshockandoutrageatthecallousattitudeoftheGovernment.As Chetnawritetheletterinabout200words. 5.TheotherdaythevalueEducationClubofyourschoolorganizedavisittotheThe Home for the Aged in your town. There you got a chance to know the feelings and problemsoftheagedfromclosequarters.Onyourreturnfromthetrip,youdecideto writeanarticlefortheBangaloreTimesontheproblemsoftheAgedandgovernments expectedroleinsolvingthem.Writethearticleinabout150200words. OR Love for ones countryis a great Virtue. We must inculcate this virtue in our students andmodernyouth.InordertostresstheneedofPatriotismRemo,astudentofclass XII,writesanarticlefortheschoolmagazine.Writethearticleinabout150200words. 10M SECTIONC 5. Readthefollowingextractandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: Itwouldbeanexoticmoment Withoutrush,withoutengines, Wewouldallbetogether Inasuddenstrangeness. 1. Whenwoulditbeanexoticmomentforthepoet?1M 2. Whatdoesthepoetwishtoachievebythissilence?2M 3. WhydoesthepoetdescribethetogethernessasStrange?1M OR Standingafewyards Away,Ilookedagainather,wan, Pale Asalatewintersmoonandfeltthat Old Familiarache,mychildhoodsfear, ButallIsaidwasseeyousoon, Ammo,allIdidwassmileandsmileandsmile. 1. Whyhasthepoetcomparedhermothertoalatewintersmoon?1M 2. Whatkindofanacheisthepoettakingaboutintheabovelines? 1M
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3. Howdidthepoetgiveherselfandhermotherareassuranceofmeetingagain? 1M 4. What is the significance of the word Smile that is used more than once? 1M 6. Answeranythreeofthefollowingquestions3040words. 3x3=6M 1. InthepoemAThingofBeautyhowhasthepoetbroughtouthisimmensefaith inthedivine? 2. What kind of things have the slum children received as a legacy from their elders? 3. WhatkindofalessoncanwelearnfromMotherEarth.? 4. Whatmakeswehumanbeingsabletolovelifeinspiteofinnumerablesuffering? 7. Answerthefollowingquestionin3040words.5x2=10 a. Whydidthepeddlernotrespecttheconfidencereposedinhimbythecrofter? b. HowisMukeshdifferentfromtheothermemberofhisfamily? c. InPoetsandPancakes,whyisthelegaladviserreferredtoastheoppositeby theother? d. What had been put on the bulletin board that attracted everybodys attention thedayFranzwaslatetoschool? e. Whatweresomeofthefears/beliefsaboutbeinginterviewed? 8. Bringoutvividlywiththehelpofexamples,themultifacetedpersonalityof kothamangalmSubbu. OR Freedomfromfearisaprerequisiteforjustice.HowdidGandhi provethisthroughtheChamparanepisode?10M 9. BringouttheironyinthestoryTigerKing. OR HowdidDr.Sadaoriseabovenarrowprejudicesofraceand countrytohelpahumanbeinginneed?07M 10. Answerthefollowingin3040words:4x2=8 a. WhatwastheobjectiveoftheStudentsonIceprogramme? b. WhatcluesdidtheanswersheetofEvansprovidetotheGovernor? c. HowdoesLambtransformDerek? d. WhywasRogerskunknotacceptedbyhispeergroup?
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SAMPLEQUSTIONPAPER(UNSOLVED) SECTIONAREADINGCOMPREHENSION 1.Readthepassagegivenbelowandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: Today,Indialookslikeitisoncoursetojointheleagueofdevelopednations.Itis beginningtoestablishareputationnotjustasthetechnologynervecentreand backofficetotheworld,butalsoasitsproductioncentre.Indiassecularismand democracy serve as a role model to other developing countries. There is great pride in an India that easily integrates with a global economy, yet maintains a uniqueculturalidentity. ButwhatisbreathtakingisIndiasyouth.Fordespitebeinganancientcivilization that traces itself to the very dawn of human habitation, India is among the youngestcountriesintheworld.Morethanhalfthecountryisunder25yearsof ageandmorethanathirdisunder15yearsofage. BroughtupintheshadowoftheriseofIndiasserviceindustryboom,thisgroup feelsitcanbeatleastasgood,ifnotbetter,thananyoneelseintheworld.This confidence has them demonstrating a great propensity to consume, throwing awayageingideasofasceticismandthrift.Eventhosewhodonothaveenough toconsumetodayfeelthattheyhavethecapabilityandopportunitytodoso. Theeconomicactivitycreatedbythiscombinationofagrowinglabourpooland risingconsumptiondemandisenoughtopropelIndiatodoubledigiteconomic growthfordecades.Onejusthastolookattheimpactthatthebabyboomersin the US had over decades of economic activity, as measured by equity and housing prices. This opportunity also represents the greatest threat to Indias future. If the youth of India are not properly educated and if there are not enough jobs created, India will have forever lost its opportunity. There are dangersignsinabundance. Fiftythreepercentofstudentsinprimaryschoolsdropout,onethirdofchildren inclassVcannotread;threequartersofschoolsdonothaveafunctioningtoilet, femaleliteracyisonly54percentand80millionchildrenintheagegroupof6 14donotevenattendschool. Indias IT and BPO industries areengines of job creation, but they still account for only 0.2 per cent of Indias employment. The country has no choice but to dramaticallyindustrializeandinflateitdomesticeconomy.Accordingtoforecast by the Boston Consulting Group, more than half of Indias unemployed within thenextdecadecouldbeitseducatedyouth.Wecannotallowthattohappen. India is stuck in a quagmire of labour laws that hinder employment growth, particularly in the manufacturing sector. Inflexible labour laws inhibit entrepreneurship, so it is quite ironic that laws ostensibly designed to protect labouractuallydiscourageemployment. Employment creation needs anabundant supply of capital. Controls on foreign investment have resulted in China getting five times the foreign direct
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investment,oranadvantageof$200billionoverthepastfiveyears.Thegrowing interest in India by global private equity firms augurs well as they represent poolsofpatientandsmartcapital,buttheytoofacemanybureaucratichurdles. When it comes to domestic capital availability, budget deficits adding up to 10 per cent of the national GDP impede capital availability for investment and infrastructure. Raising infrastructure spending, coupled with rapid privatization, may not only create employment but also address the growing gaps in infrastructure. China has eight times the highway miles and has increased roads significantly in the pastfewyearswhileIndiahasonlyinchedalong.FreightcostsatIndianportsare almostdoubletheworldwideaverage,justtogivetwoexamples. Moreover,liketheLilliputiansthatkeptthegiantGullivertieddownthereare some30,000statutesinIndia,ofwhichonlyaportionareevenoperational,and these keep the employment creation engine tied down. Since there are no sunsetprovisionsinanylaws,theregulatorymorassonlygrowseveryyear. Inthemeantime,weascitizensoftheworldanddescendantsofIndiahaveto make a difference. We have to ensure that India and its youth attain that potential, both through our business pursuits and the support of educational charities,onthegroundproponentsofparticipativedemocracyaswellasother deservingorganizationsandinitiatives. IbelievethathopecantriumphandthatthiscanbeIndiascenturynotone thatwillhappenassurelyasthesunwillriseeachday,butonethatmanywilling handswillneedtocreatetogether. a)Readthepassageandanswerthegivenquestions 1. WhatmakestheauthorthinkIndiaisonthevergeofjoiningtheselectbandof developednation?(2) 2. DespitethefactthatIndiaisoneoftheoldestcivilizationswhydoestheauthor sayitisyoung?(2) 3. The author feels that if certain problems are not arrested, India would lose its opportunity.WhywouldIndialosethisopportunity?(2) 4. Whathindersemploymentgrowth?(1) 5. Who/whatinthepassageisreferredtoastheLilliputians?(1) 6. HowcanweensurethatIndiaanditsyouthattaintheirfullpotential?(2) b)Findwordsinthepassagewhichmeanthesameas(2) i)Oneofitskindii)agreatsuccess Q2.Readthepassagegivenbelow:8 1. Theartoflisteninghasbecomeoneofthemostimportantskillsinmodernlife moreimportanteventhantheabilitytoread.Increasingly,communicationisby the spoken word in personal conversation, group addresses, in communication by telephone, in reception of news and announcements over the radio and throughthecinemaortelevision.Thelivelinessandactivenessofresponseisa matterofhabitbornofpropertraining.
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2. Great though the differences between them, many people do not discriminate betweenhearingandlistening.Theformerismerelytheexerciseofoneofthe senseswhiletheintellectremainspassive.Certainsoundsstriketheears,andwe mayormaynotattachmeaningtothem.Inanycase,wedonotexertourselves in the matter. Pupils in our schools hear what popularly passes for English, andcontinuespeakingajargonoftheirownusuallyamispronouncedamalgam of shoddy Americanism sentence patterns based on prevailing language of the region. 3. Listening can go a long way towards correcting this situation. In listening, we hear with a purpose, with a consciously directed intellect. In listening comprehension as applied to English, our aim should be to train the pupil to understand the language, the type of speech that Professor Lloyd James suggests, can be heard anywhere without causing discontent. Such English is not elocution, Oxford, or even B.B.C. English. The last type is Standard English the kind that can be understood wherever the language is spoken. Mostofourpupilswillneverattaintothattypeintheirownspeech.Theymay, even after all the training we can give them, retain regional peculiarities of cadenceandstressasortofModifiedStandardEnglish. 4. AssumingsuchEnglishintheteachersatourschools,wesuggestthefollowing: 5. We ought to distinguish between listening for comprehension of content and listeningtothesoundsofEnglishwithaviewtoimitationandreproduction,i.e., learningtospeakwell. 6. Bothkindsoflisteningmustbecultivated,butwithmoreattentiontothelatter in the earlier stages and with more attention to the former as pupils progress towardstheseniorclasses. 7. Listening,peninhandmaybeinstituted,tobecompletedwithinstructionand practice in the proper method of intelligent notetaking that testifies to intelligentlistening.

a)Onthebasisofyourreadingofthepassage,makenotesonitinasuitableformat.Use recognizable abbreviations, wherever necessary. Give a title to your notes. 5 b)Writethesummaryoftheabovepassage.3 SECTIONB
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 3.YouaretheteamleaderoftheEverestSummiteersfromNepaltoparticipateinthe marchpastatCopenhagen,DenmarkduringtheGlobalClimateChangeConference.You have to draft a poster to take it during the march. Draft the poster. 5 OR YouareMohan/MollyManagerSBIMysore.YouhavebeeninvitedbytheLionsClubto actasoneofthejudgesforafancydresscompetitionforchildren.Butduetoprevious engagement you cannot accept this invitation. Write a formal reply regretting your inabilitytoattend. 4. You are Rahul , the School Pupil Leader of your school. Citizens Health Council recently organised a unique Health Workshop in your school. Write a report on the workshop for a newspaper magazine. (125150 words.) 10M OR TheInternationalBookFairwasinauguratedbytheChairmanofChildrensBookTrust, Dr.Kumar. The theme this year was Illustrated Works for Children. You are Akshay/ Anandiandhadvisitedtheexhibitionandwereimpressed.Writeafactualdescriptionin 125150words. 5.YouareSatish/Sonalitheschoollibrarian.Youhavebeenaskedtoplaceanorderfor childrensstorybooks(Age1013years.).WritealettertoM.S.BookDepot,Ramnagar, Bangaloreplacinganorderfor thebooks.Inventallthenecessarydetails.10M OR You are Mr. M.L. Sareen. You have seen an advertisement in the Hindustan Times for thepostofmarketingmanager.Writeanapplicationwithcompletebiodata. 6.YouhavebeenaskedtoparticipateintheDebateCompetitiononthetopicMachines have enslaved Man .Write the debate in 200 words either for or against the motion. 10 OR You are Suhas/Suhasini. Environmental Week is being celebrated in your school. You havebeenaskedtopresentapaperonGlobalWarming.Writethearticlein200words. SECTIONC 7.Readtheextractandanswerthequestionsthatfollow. Foronceonthefaceoffaceoftheearth let,snotspeakanylanguage, letsstopforonesecond, andnotmoveourarmssomuch. a) Ifnolanguageisspokenthenwhatwillhappen?1x4=4
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b) Whatdoeshemeanbyonesecond? c) Whatwastheinstructionthepoethadgivenatthebeginningofthepoem?How isitdifferentattheend? d) Whydoesthepoetnotwantustomoveourarmssomuch? OR Ontheirslagheap,thesechildren Wear skins peeped through by bones and spectacles of steel Withmendedglass,likebottlebitsonstone. Alloftheirtimeandspacearefoggyslum. Soblottheirmapswithslumsasbigasdoom. a) Whatdoesthepoetmeanbyslagheap? b) Howhasthepoetbroughtoutthepatheticconditionofthechildren? c) ExplainSoblotdoom. d) Whocanbringaboutachangeintheirlives?How? 8.Answeranythreeofthefollowingin3040words.2x3=6 1)Whatdoestheline,Thereforearewewreathingaflowerybandtobindustothe earthsuggesttoyouinthepoemAThingofBeauty. 2) Explain soothe them out of their wits with reference to An Elementary School classroominaslum 3)InterpretthesymbolsinthepoemAuntJennifersTigers. 4)WhatisthekindofpainandachethatthepoetfeelsinthepoemA RoadsideStand. 9.Answerthefollowingin3040words.2x510 1. Together they have imposed the baggage on the child that he cannot put down. ExplainwithreferencetoLostSpring. 2.WhatweretheseriesofemotionsandthatfearsthatDouglasexperiencedwhenhe wasthrownintothewater?Whatwerehisplans? 3.WhydidGandhiagreetoasettlementof25percentrefundtothefarmers? 4.WhatwasUmbertossecretinbeingsuccessful? 5. What was the peddlers explanation for withholding his true identity? How did he convincethelatternottocallthelaw? 10. Answer in 150 words. 10 ThewriterofPoetsandPancakesuseshumourtohighlighthumanfoibles.Discuss. OR JansieisasoldasSophieyetverydifferent.Bringoutthecontrastbetweenthem. 11.Answerin150words.7 Why is Antartica the place to go to, to understand the earths present past and future? OR It may take a long time for oppression to be resisted, but the seeds of rebellion are sowedearlyinlife.DiscusswithreferencetothelessonMemoriesofChildhood.
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12.Answerthefollowingin3040words.2x4=8 1.WhydoesCharliesaythatgrandstationisgrowinglikeatreeinthestoryTheThird Level? 2.WhywasthereadelayinstartingtheexaminationforEvans? 3.HowdidtheMaharajaovercometheunforeseenhurdlethathadbroughthismission toastandstill? 4.WhydidJodisapproveofJacksendingofthestory?Howdidshewantthestoryto end? UNSOLVEDQUESTIONPAPER SECTIONA (Reading)20Marks 1.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow:(12) 1.Thousandsofyearsago,whenmanwasintheprocessofevolving,helookedaround forwaysofexpressinghimself.Heetchedonstoneandwood.Hebegantocraftobjects thrilled with the fact that stone and clay took shape at his will. He found that certain types of clay could be made into exciting shapes. Terracotta is the use of clay in its simplest form, dried out by the sun or fired at a low temperature. There are many theoriesastohowmanbegantocreatebeautifulobjectsfromclay,likethislegend 2.ApotwasneededforthemarriageofShivaandParvati.Butnoneofthoseassembled knew how to make one. Finally a Brahmin, Kulalak offered his services. He borrowed theSudarshanChakrafromVishnu,andusedtheMandarhillockasapivot.FromShiva hetookhispestleforturningthewheel,hislangotaformoppingspills,hiskamandalu (water jar) for holding water and his sacred thread for detaching the pot from the wheel,BrahmaofferedtheAdiKurmaortortoiseusingitasascrapertosmoothenthe product.Kulalakmadethepotsandtheweddingtookplace.ThedescendantsofKulalak cametobeknownasKumbhars. 3.In3000BCexcavationsinBaluchistanshowedevidenceofclayobjects.Mostofthe time, the clay objects were figures of worship, but in the latter half of the third millennium BC, better developed products were discovered in Harappa. Bricks were firedforconstruction,andarangeofanimalfigureslikemonkeys,goats,pigs,elephants and lions were crafted. In the beginning, the figures were solid, later they were built aroundstraw,andwhentheywerefired,thestrawburntoutleavingthefiguresintact. The objects had movable heads and holes in the lower part so that they could be mounted on wheels. Bird toys and whistles were made. It was in 2000BC that the Egyptiansfirstdiscoveredthewheel. 4. In the Neolithic Age, man discovered that food could be cooked. He became the providerandthewomanbecamethehouseholder.Vesselswererequiredandsocame the invention of utilitarian pottery. With Aryan invasions, iron came into use and the terracottacraftofHarappawaslaidtorest.ItwasonlyduringtheMauryanperiodfrom 322BCto185BCthatterracottaartwasrevived. 5. The terracottas of North are different in texture and the pottery of better quality, becauselargequantitiesofclayarefoundintherich,alluvialsoiloftheGangaYamuna valleys. The black polished pottery of the North evolved during the Maurya period. In
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the Sunga period, (from 2nd century onwards) the themes drifted to ones connected withoccupation. 6. In India, during Ganesh Chaturthi, clay figures of Ganapati are made. Durga is elaboratelycraftinBengalduringthePujafestival.InthecortofAiyanarinSouthIndia, offerings in the shape of huge terracotta horses are made. Bihar, Orissa and MaharashtraareotherpartsofIndiawhereclayeffigiesaremadebydevotees.Youwill often see terracotta horses standing outside temples in villages. The villagers believe that at night the protector of the village mounts these horses. Today, terracotta productsarecraftedalloverIndia. 7.Moderntechnologyandthebrushwithceramicshaveslowlyreplacedthecraftsmans traditional functions in daily life as the vessel makers of rural India. The village potter hasbeenbanishedandhesufferswithoutalivelihood.Buttogivehimbackhisstatus, consideringclayartissovitalinthelifeofitsmaker,wehavetorecognizehisworth,his contribution, and hiscraft, and restore his dignity, by encouraging him, and taking his craftsintoourhomes,givingclayitspositionofpride,somethingthatitrichlydeserves. (a)Readthepassageandanswerthegivenquestions: i)Mentiontwowaysinwhichearlymanusedclay. (2) ii)HowisTerracottacreated? (2) iii)HowdidKumbharscometobecalledso? (2) iv)NametwofestivalsofmodernIndiawhereclayfiguresareused.(2) (b)Findwordsinthepassagewhichmeanthesameas(3) i)tocarve(para1) ii)futureprogeny(para2) iii)useful(para4) 2.Readthegivenpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow:(8) Much before medical science discovered it, readers Digest came out with the prescriptionLaughteristheBestMedicine.Newspapersandmagazineswhichregularly runhumourcolumnsare,therefore,doingtheirbittokeepthereadersingoodhealth. Reading light articles, whether they are satirical, comic or just humorous, relieves the tediumofworkadayworld.Somepiecesmayeventickleonesgreymatter. Itissaidthatifyoulaughfortenminutesyouwillbeinabetterpositiontoputupwith pain for two hours. According to US researchers, laughter is a good antidote to stress that tones up the system. Facial laugh muscles instruct the brain to feel good regardlessofhowyoufeel. AccordingtoaFrenchdoctor,laughterdeepensbreathing,improvesbloodcirculation, speedsuptheprocessoftissuehealingandstabilizesmanybodyfunctions.Inshort,it acts as a power drug with no side effects. Researchers state that laughter stimulates
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production of betaendorphins, natural painkillers in body and improves digestion. Thosewholaugharelesspronetodigestiveproblemsandulcers. SomepeopleinFrancehavemadeitacareer.YoucanhireaJovialistwhocracksjokes andlaughsandpromisestomakeyoudissolveyourworriesinhelplesslaughter. Awordofcaution.Althoughlaughingisagoodexercisefortoningupthefacialmuscles, laughingatothersexpense,particularlyattheirdisabilities,isinabadtasteandistobe avoided. Secondly, laughing with food in the mouth is dangerous as the foodstuff can getintothewindpipeandmaychokethedigestivesystem. Eating, anyway, is a serious business not to be trifled with by any jocular diversion. Laughtercomesbestwhenitisfreeofencumbrances,whetheritisconstrictingfoodor theneedtohumourtheboss. a) On the basis of your reading ofthe above passage, make notes using headingsand subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations where necessary. (5) b)Makeasummaryoftheabovepassageinnotmorethan80wordsusingthenotes made. (3) SectionB(Writing) 35Marks 3.Youhavebeenaskedtodraftanadvertisementforanewmodelofsolarcooker.Draft theadvertisement. (5) Or YouareSneha.Youhavebeeninvitedbytheyouthclubofyourlocalitytoactasoneof thejudgesforaninterschoolgroupsongcompitionorganizedbytheclub.Writetothe secretaryoftheclubacceptingtheinvitation. 4.YourschoolhascelebratedLibraryWeek.AstheHeadBoy/HeadGirlofyourschool writeareportonittobepublishedinyourschoolnewsletter. (10) Or You are Anjali/Amitabh of Jai Bharat Sr. Secondary School, Agra. Your school had the uniqueprivilegeofhavingbeeninvitedtowitnessthedancedrama,BharatJaagUtha intheRedFort,Delhiontheoccasionofthe60thanniversaryofIndiasindependence. Writeareporttobereadoutatthemorningassemblyofyourschool.Thereportshould notexceed100125words

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5. You are Manish/Manisha No.3 Banjara Hills Hyderbad. Write a letter to the Superintendent of Nampalli Railway station Hyderabad, complaining about the lack of properfacilitiesatthestation. (10) Or Write a letter to the Commissioner of Police requesting him to be the chief guest at yourschoolsportsdayfunctiontobeheldatyourschoolplayground.YouareNeha, schoolpupilleader,CrescentSecondarySchool,CivilLines,Bhopal 6.Youareamemberoftheenvironmentclubofyourschool.Aftervisitingmanyplaces youhaverealizedthatitistheneedofthehourtoprotectourenvironment.Writean articleonthistopictocreateawarenessamongthepeople.(150200words) (10) Or WriteanarticleontheEvilsofDowrySystemforIndianExpress,Delhi.Writeyourarticle inabout150200words. SectionC(Literature) 45Marks 7..Readtheextractfromthepoemandanswerthequestionsthatfollow: (4) Athingofbeautyisajoyforever Itslovelinessincreases,itwillnever Passintonothingness;butwillkeep Abowerquietforus,andasleep Fullofsweetdreams,andhealth,andquietbreathing. a)Howisathingofbeautyajoyforever? (1) b)Whatkindofsleepdoesitprovide?(1) c)Whoisthepoetoftheselinesandwhatisthenameofthepoem?(1) d)Namethepoemandthepoet.(1) Or WhenAuntisdead,herterrifiedhandswilllie Stillringedwithordealsshewasmasteredby. Thetigersinthepanelthatshemade Willgoonprancing,proudandunafraid. i)Namethepoemandthepoet.(1) ii)WhataretheordealsthatAuntJenniferfacedinherlife?(1)
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iii)Howarethetigersdifferentfromher?Whydidshecreatethem?(2) 8.Answeranythreeofthefollowingquestionsin3040wordseach: (2x3=6) i)Whatwillcountinguptotwelveandkeepingquiethelpustoachieve? ii)Howdidthetravellersonthehighwaysreacttotheroadsidestand? iii)WhyhasKamalaDasdescribedthetreesassprinting? iv)Howdothepicturesandmapsonthewallcontrastwiththeworldtheslumchildren livein? 9.Answerthefollowingquestions: (5x2=10) a)Andshewasjealousofhissilence.WhywasSophiejealousofGeoffssilence? b)InthestoryTheLastLessonthepeopleofthevillagesuddenlyrealizetheimportance oftheirlanguages.Why? c)Whatarethehazardsfacedbythoseworkingintheglassindustry? d)DouglasmotherwarnedhimagainstRiverYakima.Why? e)HowcanwesaythatRajkumarShuklawasadeterminedandresoluteperson? 10.Answerthefollowingquestioninabout125150words:(10) Though Umberto Eco believed himself to be from the academia, he had a taste for narration.JustifywithreferencetoTheInterview. Or The peddler receives unexpected and unusual behavior from various people. Do you agreewiththestatement?JustifywithreferencetothestoryTheRattrap. 11.Answerthefollowinginabout125150words:(7) PearlSBuckthroughthestoryTheEnemydealswithbasichumaneness,whichisan essentialqualityofallhumanbeings,evenintimesofwar. Or Jack,thefather,insiststhatitwasthewizardthatshould behitandnotthemommy. Why? 12.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly:(4x2=8) a)ThoughCharliereachedthethirdlevelonce,whycouldhenotreachthereagain? b)InthepresenttimesdoyouthinkastoryliketheTigerKingisrelevant? c)Inwhatwayarethephytoplanktonsusefultotheecosystem? d)WhydoyouthinkDerekremainstohimselfandnotminglewithanyone?
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