HORMONES & ENDOCRINE

GLANDS
 OVERVIEW
• What are hormones
• What are endocrine/exocrine glands
• Role of Insulin/glucagon in regulating
blood glucose
• Effects of Adrenaline in response to
stress, fear and anger
I’m so angry that I feel like punching
somebody now!
 What are hormones?
• Chemical substances
• Produced by endocrine glands
• Transported by blood
• Alter activity of target organ
• e.g. regulate metabolism, growth,
sexual development
 Endocrine vs Exocrine
Endocrine gland Exocrine gland
Ductless With Ducts

Secrete H into blood Carried H by duct

e.g. Adrenal gland, e.g. Salivary glands

Pituitary gland, Sweat glands
pancreas
“MASTER” GLAND

ADH

THYROXINE

ADRENALINE
INSULIN /
GLUCAGON

OESTROGEN /
TESTOSTERONE PROGESTERONE
• GOITRE
• Lack of iodine
• Thyroxine
controls rate of
energy
produced from
nutrients

BACK
TELL YOUR PARTNER
1. What is the difference between
Endocrine & Exocrine glands?

3. NAME 1 endocrine gland and

the hormone it produces
 Regulating blood glucose
Islets of Langerhan in pancreas
secrete insulin and glucagon

insulin
High blood glucose

GLUCOSE GLYCOGEN
low blood glucose
glucagon
 RE-CALL
• What are hormones?
• What are the 2 hormones produced for
regulation of blood glucose?
• Where are they produced/secreted?
• What happens when there is high blood
glucose?
• What happens when blood glucose is
low?
How does your
body respond to
STRESS?
 RECEPTOR SPINAL
STIMULUS Brain receives CORD
Fear stimulus, activates directs nerve
Anger sensory neurons, impulses to
Stress transmit impulses to Adrenal gland
spinal cord

RESPONSE
in various parts of
body to prepare for
“fight” or “flight”
response
ADRENAL
GLAND (Effector)
secretes Adrenaline
(carried in blood)
“FIGHT or FLIGHT”
• INCREASE HEART RATE
• INCREASE Blood flow to
muscles
• PUPILS DILATE
• INCREASE METABOLIC
RATE - more energy
 SUMMARY
• Define Hormones
• Differentiate Endo/Exocrine glands
• Examples
• Regulation of Blood glucose
• Effects of Adrenaline on stress