31 AgrlculLural SysLems

- uescrlbe and ldenLlfy Lhe lnfluence of

lnpuLs (naLural and human) on Lhe processes
and ouLpuLs of each of Lhe followlng
agrlculLural sysLems
- a largescale sysLem of commerclal
farmlng
- smallscale subslsLence farmlng
- 8ecognlse Lhe causes and effecLs of
shorLages of food and descrlbe posslble
soluLlons Lo Lhls problem
ey Words
W AgrlculLural sysLem
W lnpuLs
W rocesses
W CuLpuLs
W Largescale commerclal farmlng
W Small scale subslsLence farmlng
W naLural lnpuLs (rellef cllmaLe and soll)
W Puman lnpuLs (economlc soclal and
someLlmes pollLlcal)
W Scale of producLlon
W MeLhods of organlsaLlon
W roducLs
W lanLaLlon agrlculLure
W LxLenslve commerclal cereal farmlng
W LxLenslve llvesLock producLlon
W lnLenslve subslsLence rlce culLlvaLlon
W Arable larmlng
W asLoral larmlng
W Mlxed larmlng
W ShlfLlng culLlvaLlon
W nomadlc culLlvaLlon
W SedenLary larmlng
W lood shorLages
W Soll exhausLlon
W uroughL
W lloods
W 1roplcal cyclones
W esLs
W ulsease
W Low caplLal lnvesLmenL
W lood ald
W Creen 8evoluLlon
31 AgrlculLural SysLems
lnpuLs can be dlvlded lnLo human and physlcal facLors
W Puman lnpuLs lnclude labour caplLal (money) machlnery
seeds ferLlllser and young sLock
W hyslcal lnpuLs lnclude cllmaLe and weaLher soll rellef
(shape of Lhe land) and slope
rocesses Lhese are Lhe Lhlngs LhaL happen on Lhe farm ln
order Lo converL Lhe lnpuLs lnLo ouLpuLs (eg sowlng
weedlng harvesLlng)
CuLpuLs Lhese are Lhe producLs of Lhe farm (eg wheaL
barley mllk beef)
Large Scale Commerclal larmlng
1hree 1ypes of
Commerclal larmlng
W LxLenslve
W lnLenslve
W lanLaLlon
LxLenslve
W Large area
W Low ylelds per hecLare
W Low labour cosLs
W 1yplcally poor solls/condlLlons
W Mld laLlLudes of mosL
conLlnenLs as well as ln deserL
areas where waLer ls scarce
W WheaL and 8arley as ln Murray
uarllng basln AusLralla
W An exLreme example ls nomadlc
Perdlng
lnLenslve
W Plgh lnpuLs of caplLal
labour or
Lechnologles
(machlnery
ferLlllsers pesLlcldes
medlclnes)
W Plgh ylelds
W Maxlmlzlng ouLpuL
from smaller areas
lanLaLlon
W Cne commerclal crop ls grown on
a large scale
W A well developed neLwork llnklng
planLaLlons Lo dlsLrlbuLlon cenLers
W Labour lnLenslve buL usually
exlsLs where labour ls cheap
W lnvolves modern lnpuLs llke
ferLlllzers pesLlcldes eLc
W lor cash or exporL
W usually aL Lhe expense of
subslsLence farmlng le noL for
Lhe farmer Lo consume
W Lg rubber palm oll coconuL
plneapple banana Lea coffee
sugar cane Labacco cacao
SubslsLence larmlng
W Where Lhe farmer only
produces enough Lo
susLaln Lhe farm and
famlly
W A mlx of crops and
llvesLock Lo mlnlmlze
rlsk
W Always wlLh a vlew
Lowards whaL Lhe
famlly wlll need noL
markeL prlces
1hree Lypes
W ShlfLlng (slash and
burn [hoomlng
W nomadlc Perdlng
W lnLenslve subslsLence
farmlng
ShlfLlng AgrlculLure (Slash and 8urn)
W A small area of foresL ls
cleared
W Crops are grown for 23
years
W AfLer whlch soll ferLlllLy
drops
W 1he farmer may reLurn
afLer 10yrs
W 1hls form of agrlculLure ls
only susLalnable ln areas
of low populaLlon denslLy
nomadlc Perdlng
W lamllles Lravel Lo meeL
Lhe needs of Lhelr
anlmals
W Sheep goaLs caLLle
camels relndeer yaks
eLc
W uslng meaL mllk skln
and wool of anlmals
W Common ln cenLral and
wesLern Asla
lnLenslve subslsLence farmlng
W ln densely populaLed
areas llke lndla and Chlna
W roduce as much as
posslble from a small
plece of land
W larmers obLaln maxlmum
ylelds by lnLenslfylng
culLlvaLlon Lechnlques
W 1rade excess Lo obLaln
oLher goods