CHM1041 FALL 2011 Chapter 12 Homework Name; _________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Choose the statement below that is TRUE. A) A solution will form between two substances if the solute-solvent interactions are of comparable strength to the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. B) A solution will form between two substances if the solute-solvent interactions are small enough to be overcome by the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. C) A solution will form between two substances if the solute-solute interactions are strong enough to overcome the solvent-solvent interactions. D) A solution will form between two substances only if the solvent-solvent interactions are weak enough to overcome the solute-solvent interactions. E) None of the above are true. 2) Give the major force between acetone and chloroform. A) dipole-dipole B) dispersion C) hydrogen bonding D) ion-ion E) ion-dipole 3) Which of the following compounds will be most soluble in ethanol (CH3CH2OH)? A) trimethylamine (N(CH3)3) B) acetone (CH3COCH3) C) ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) D) hexane (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3) E) None of these compounds should be soluble in ethanol. 4) Choose the situation below that would result in a !Hsolution near 0. A) When !Hsolvent >> !Hsolute B) When !Hsolute > !Hhydration C) When !Hsolute < !Hhydration D) When !Hsolute is close to !Hhydration E) There isn't enough information to determine. 5) Choose the situation below that would result in an endothermic !Hsolution. A) When !Hsolute > !Hhydration B) When !Hsolute < !Hhydration C) When !Hsolute is close to !Hhydration D) When !Hsolvent >> !Hsolute E) There isn't enough information to determine. 5) 4) 1)

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CHM1041 FALL 2011 Chapter 12 Homework

!Hhydration(KBr)=-670. kJ/mol. A) +650 kJ/mol B) -650 kJ/mol C) +690 kJ/mol D) -710 kJ/mol E) -690 kJ/mol

6) Determine DHsolute for KBr if the DHsolution (KBr) = +19.9 kJ/mol and the

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7) Dissolving is A) rate of dissolution = rate of deposition B) rate of dissolution < rate of deposition C) rate of dissolution > rate of deposition D) rate of bubbling > rate of dissolving E) rate of evaporating > rate of condensing 8) A solution is formed at room temperature by vigorously dissolving enough of the solid solute so that some solid remains at the bottom of the solution. Which statement below is TRUE? A) The solution is considered unsaturated. B) The solution is considered supersaturated. C) The solution is considered saturated. D) The solution would be considered unsaturated if it were cooled a bit to increase the solubility of the solid. E) None of the above are true. 9) A solid can be puried through what technique? A) recrystallization B) dilution C) dissolution D) boiling E) melting 10) Identify the compound whose solubility decreases with increasing temperature. A) Na2SO4 B) K2Cr2O7 C) KNO 3 D) KClO3

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10) E) NaCl 11)

11) Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) In general, the solubility of a solid in water decreases with increasing temperature. B) In general, the solubility of a gas in water decreases with increasing temperature. C) The solubility of a gas in water usually increases with decreasing pressure. D) The solubility of an ionic solid in water decreases with increasing temperature. E) None of the above statements are true. 12) Which of the following should have the largest Henry's law constant (k H) in water? A) Ar B) CO C) Xe D) CH3CH3 E) CO2

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13) Determine the solubility of CO2 in soda water at 25C if the pressure of CO2 is 5.2 atm. The Henry's law constant for carbon dioxide in water at this temperature is 3.4 10 -2 M/atm. A) 0.15 M B) 0.57 M C) 0.65 M D) 0.18 M E) 0.29 M

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CHM1041 FALL 2011 Chapter 12 Homework

14) Determine the Henry's law constant for ammonia in water at 25C if an ammonia pressure of 0.022 atm produces a solution with a concentration of 1.3 M. A) 59 M/atm B) 0.017 M/atm C) 0.029 M/atm D) 35 M/atm E) 0.038 M/atm 15) Give the term for the amount of solute in moles per liter of solution. A) molality B) molarity C) mole fraction D) mole percent E) mass percent 16) Parts per billion requires a multiplication factor of ________. A) 10-6 B) 10-3 C) 103 17) Identify the colligative property. A) vapor pressure lowering B) freezing point depression C) boiling point elevation D) osmotic pressure E) all of the above 18) What mass (in g) of NH3 must be dissolved in 475 g of methanol to make a 0.250 m solution? A) 2.02 g B) 4.94 g C) 1.19 g D) 8.42 g E) 1.90 g 19) 14)

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16) D) 106 E) 109 17)

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19) How many moles of KF are contained in 244 mL of 0.135 m KF solution? The density of the solution is 1.22 g/mL. A) 4.31 10 -2 mol KF B) 4.02 10 -2 mol KF C) 3.29 10 -2 mol KF D) 2.32 10 -2 mol KF E) 1.67 10 -2 mol KF 20) Determine the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.500 moles of CaF2 in 11.5 moles H2O. A) 1.88 m B) 4.35 m C) 5.31 m D) 4.14 m E) 2.41 m

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21) Commercial grade HCl solutions are typically 39.0% (by mass) HCl in water. Determine the molarity of the HCl, if the solution has a density of 1.20 g/mL. A) 7.79 M B) 10.7 M C) 12.8 M D) 9.35 M E) 13.9 M 22) A solution is prepared by dissolving 49.3 g of KBr in enough water to form 473 mL of solution. Calculate the mass % of KBr in the solution if the density is 1.12 g/mL. A) 10.4% B) 8.57% C) 10.1% D) 11.7% E) 9.31% 3

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CHM1041 FALL 2011 Chapter 12 Homework

23) What mass of NaCl is contained in 24.88 g of a 15.00% by mass solution of NaCl in water? A) 20.00 g B) 21.15 g C) 3.73 g D) 1.50 g E) 12.44 g 24) A solution is prepared by dissolving 76.3 g NaI in 545 g of water. Determine the mole fraction of NaI if the nal volume of the solution is 576 mL. A) 6.04 10 -3 B) 1.65 10 -2 C) 1.40 10 -3 D) 1.32 10 -2 E) 8.84 10 -2 25) Calculate the mole fraction of MgCl2 in an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.400 moles of MgCl2 in 850.0 g of water. A) 0.00841 B) 0.0270 C) 0.00900 D) 0.0252 E) 0.0167 26) 25) 23)

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26) A 4.55 L sample of water contains 0.115 g of sodium ions. Determine the concentration of sodium ions in ppm if the density of the solution is 1.00 g/mL. A) 52.3 ppm B) 13.2 ppm C) 12.7 ppm D) 25.3 ppm E) 36.5 ppm 27) Commercial grade HCl solutions are typically 39.0% (by mass) HCl in water. Determine the molality of the HCl, if the solution has a density of 1.20 g/mL. A) 39.0 m B) 17.5 m C) 6.39 m D) 10.7 m E) 9.44 m 28) An aqueous solution is 0.387 M in HCl. What is the molality of the solution if the density is 1.23 g/mL? A) 0.115 m B) 0.387 m C) 0.315 m D) 0.411 m E) 0.318 m 29) Determine the vapor pressure of a solution at 55C that contains 34.2 g NaCl in 375 mL of water. The vapor pressure of pure water at 55C is 118.1 torr. A) 115 torr B) 87.1 torr C) 108 torr D) 112 torr E) 92.8 torr 30) Determine the freezing point of a solution that contains 78.8 g of naphthalene (C10H8, molar mass = 128.16 g/mol) dissolved in 722 mL of benzene (d = 0.877 g/mL). Pure benzene has a melting point of 5.50C and a freezing point depression constant of 4.90C/m. A) 4.76C B) 4.17C C) 0.74C D) 1.33C E) 1.68C 31) Choose the solvent below that would show the greatest boiling point elevation when used to make a 0.10 m nonelectrolyte solution. A) CCl4, Kb = 29.9C/m B) C6H6, Kb = 5.12C/m C) CH3CH2OCH2CH3, Kb = 1.79C/m D) CH3CH2OH, Kb = 1.99C/m E) CHCl 3, Kb = 4.70C/m

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CHM1041 FALL 2011 Chapter 12 Homework

32) The boiling point elevation of an aqueous sucrose solution is found to be 0.39C. What mass of sucrose (molar mass= 342.30 g/mol) would be needed to dissolve in 500.0 g of water? Kb (water) = 0.512C/ m. A) 261 g sucrose B) 528 g sucrose C) 762 g sucrose D) 223 g sucrose E) 130. g sucrose 33) Give the reason that antifreeze is added to a car radiator. A) The freezing point is lowered and the boiling point is elevated. B) The freezing point is elevated and the boiling point is lowered. C) The freezing point and the boiling point are elevated. D) The freezing point and the boiling point are lowered. E) None of the above. 34) Place the following solutions in order of increasing osmotic pressure. I. 0.15 M C2H6O2 A) III < I < II B) II < III < I C) I < II < III D) II < I < III E) I < III < II 35) A 150.0 mL sample of an aqueous solution at 25C contains 15.2 mg of an unknown nonelectrolyte compound. If the solution has an osmotic pressure of 8.44 torr, what is the molar mass of the unknown compound? A) 223 g/mol B) 294 g/mol C) 341 g/mol D) 448 g/mol E) 195 g/mol 36) Identify the solute with the lowest van't Hoff factor. A) nonelectrolyte B) NaCl C) MgSO4 D) MgCl2 E) FeCl3 35) II. 0.15 M MgCl2 III. 0.15 M NaCl 33) 32)

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CHM1041 FALL 2011 Chapter 12 Homework

37) Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point. These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable. A) 0.100 m NaNO3 B) 0.100 m Li 2SO4 C) 0.200 m C 3H8O3 D) 0.060 m Na3PO4 E) They all have the same boiling point. 38) Choose the aqueous solution with the highest vapor pressure. These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable. A) 0.50 m C 3H8O3 B) 0.50 m C2H6O2 C) 0.50 m C6H12O6 D) 0.50 m C12H22O11 E) They all have about the same vapor pressure. 39) Choose the aqueous solution below with the highest freezing point. These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable. A) 0.200 m Ca(ClO4)2 B) 0.200 m K3PO3 C) 0.200 m HOCH2CH2OH D) 0.200 m Ba(NO 3)2 E) These all have the same freezing point. 40) Fluids used for an intravenous transfusion must be __________ with bodily uids. A) isosmotic B) hyperosmotic C) hyposmotic D) neosmotic E) magnosmotic 41) Dene smoke as a colloid. A) a liquid dispersed in a gas B) a solid dispersed in a gas C) a liquid dispersed in a liquid D) a liquid dispersed in a solid E) a solid dispersed in a liquid 42) Identify the classication of opal. A) aerosol B) solid aerosol C) foam D) emulsion E) solid emulsion 40) 39) 38) 37)

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