How does temperature,

particle size, and agitation

affect how quickly
something dissolves?
 Lets think about our lab…
• We made a sugar water solution.
• Sugar was the solute
• Water was the solvent
Lets think some more about our lab
• The 200 ml of water in the beaker is
composed of many individual water
molecules
• Each crystal of sugar is composed of
billions of individual sugar molecules
that are attracted to one another
• The individual sugar crystals are not
chemically bonded to each other.
 What does it mean if
something dissolves?
• The dissolving process involves the
sugar molecules being pulled away
from each other.
• When the sugar molecules are pulled
apart (dissolved) they remain as sugar
molecules and do not break down into
the elements that make up sugar
(C, H, O)
 What factors affect the rate of
solution?
• Remember: The rate of solution is how
quickly something dissolves.
• The three factors that affect the rate of
solution are:
• Agitation (Which means movement or stirring)
• Particle size
• Temperature
 Agitation
• The more a solution is agitated
(meaning stirred), the faster the rate of
solution
• When a solution is agitated the water
particles hit the surface of the solute
(sugar) faster and the sugar crystals are
dissolved (separated by water) faster
 Particle Size
• The smaller the size of the particles, the
faster they will dissolve.
• Smaller particles have more surface
area than larger ones
• This means that the particles have more
space to contact the water and dissolve
 Demonstration
• Surface Area
 Temperature
• The higher the temperature, the faster
the rate of dissolving is for a solid in a
liquid.
• Higher temperatures cause water
molecules to move faster.
• This means that water molecules collide
with the surface of the solute (sugar) and
separate the sugar crystals from one
another.
 Review
Solubility is:
• A chemical property
• A physical property
• A property of fluids
• Is the maximum amount of a solute that can
dissolve in a solvent.
• B, C, and D
 Review
• Solubility is a physical property because
there is no change is the chemical
formula in the substance that is being
dissolved.
• What you end up with dissolved is
chemically the same as what you
started out with before the substance
was dissolved