Alkaloids A.

Pyridine-piperidine Alkaloids Entire seed of Areca Areca catechu Arecaceae Betel nut, bunga Dried ripe seed Arecoline Anthelminthic, taenicide, vermicide Outer & Inner bark of Pomegranate Punica granatum Punicaceae Granada, dulima Bark, fruit-rind, seed Pelletierina, pseudopelleerine Anthelminthic, diarrhea, astringent, hemorrhoids, abortifacient B. Tropane Alkaloids Single leaf of Belladonna Atropa belladonna Solanaceae Deadly nightshade, poison black cherry Dried leaf & flowering or fruiting tops Hyoscyamine, atropine Anticholinergic, parasympathetic depressant, spasmolytic agent Scalariform trachea belladonna

Sphenoidal microcrystal of Calcium oxalate belladonna

Entire leaf of Hyoscyamus Hyoscyamus niger Solanaceae Black henbane, stinking nightshade Dried leaf, w/ or w/o the stem & flowering or fruiting top Hyoscyamine, scopolamine Parasympatholytic, relieve spasm of the urinary tract Monoclinic prism of calcium oxalate hyoscyamus

Spiral trachea hyoscyamus

Entire leaf of Stramonium Datura stramonium Solanaceae Thornapple, jimsonweed, jamestown weed Dried leaf & flowering or flowering tops with branches Hyscyamine, scopolamine Cigarette form of tx (asthma), anticholinergic, sedative, source of atropine

Rosette aggregate of calcium oxalate crystals stramonium

Annular trachea stramonium

Entire leaf of Talumpunay Datura metel Solanaceae Downy thornapple, devils trumpet, talong punay Dried leaves and flowering tops Scopolamine, hyoscine Anti-asthma, anticholinergic, antidepressant, antispasmodic, mydriatic

Flower of Talumpunay

C. Quinoline Alkaloids Outer surface of the bark of Yellow Cinchona Cinchona calisaya Rubiaceae Calisaya bark, Peruvian bark Dried bark of the stem, or of the root Quinine, cinchonine, cinchonidine Cardiac arrhythmias, astringent, gargle, antimalarial

Outer surface of the bark of Red Cinchona Cinchona succirubra Rubiaceae Cinchona rubra Dried bark of the stem, or of the root Quinine, cinchonine, cinchonidine Antimalarial Outer surface of the bark of Dita Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Alstonia, white cheese wood, bitter bark, devils tree Dried bark, dried leaves Alstonine, ditamine Antipyretic, substance for quinine D. Isoquinoline Alkaloids Root of Rio Ipecac Cephaelis Ipecacuanha Rubiaceae Matia grassa ipecac Dried root, rhizome & root Cephaeline, emetine Emetic, expectorant, amoebic dysentery Root of Cartagena Ipecac Cephaelis acuminate Rubiaceae Costa rica ipecac Dried root, rhizome & root Cephaeline, emetine Emetic, expectorant, amoebic dysentery

Rhizome and root of Hydrastis Hydrastis Canadensis Ranunculaceae Golden seal root, yellow root Dried rhizome & roots Hydrastine, berberine, canadine Astringent, to check uterine hemorrhage, bitter stomachic E. Indole Alkaloids Hilum Micropyle Endosperm Cotyledon Embryo Entire seed of Nux Vomica Strychnos nux- vomica Loganiaceae Poison nut, quaker buttons Dried ripe seed Strychnine, brucine Central stimulant, vermin killer Longitudinal half of the seed nux vomica

Scar Entire seed of Ignatia Strychnos ignatii Logoniaceae St. Ignatius bean

Dried ripe seed Strychnine, brucine Central stimulant, vermin killer 2 Sclerotia of Ergot Claviceps purpurea Clavicipilaceae Spurred rye, ergot of rye, secale cornutum, rye smut Dried sclerotium Ergolines: ergonovine, ergotoxine, ergotamine Galenic prep, assist delivery in labour Side view of Calabar Bean Physostigma venenosum Fabaceae Calabar bean, ordeal bean Dried ripe seeds Physostigmine, eseramine Cholinergic (ophthalmic use), atropine poisoning Longitudinal section of the seed of Physostigma Physostigma venenosum Fabaceae Calabar bean, ordeal bean Dried ripe seeds Physostigmine, eseramine Cholinergic (ophthalmic use), atropine poisoning Ventral view of the seed Dorsal view of the seed calabar

Entire plant of Catharanthus Catharanthus roseus Apocynaceae Tsitsirika, chichirica, Madagascar periwinkle Dried whole plant Vinblastine, vincristine Antileukaemic, diabetes F. Imidazole Alkaloid Entire leaflet of Pilocarpus jaborandi Pilocarpus jaborandi Rutaceae Jaborandi, Indian hemp Leaflets of various spp. Pilocarpine, iso-pilocarpine, pilosine Contracts the pupil of the eye for the tx of glaucoma G. Steroidal Alkaloids Single tuberous root of Aconite Aconitum napellus Ranunculaceae Wolfsbane root Dried roots Aconitine Very potent, quick acting poison, prep of antineurologic liniment Tuberous root with attached daughter tuber Entire rhizome with the root attached to it Longitudinal section of the rhizome

Veratrum viride Liliaceae Green hellebore, American veratrum Dried rhizome & roots Germidine, jervine, veratramine Hypotensive, cardiac depressant, sedative Lanting gubat Plantago major Plantiginaceae Greater plain Seed, leaves Plantagonine Chronic constipation, demulcent Talong pipit Solanum indicum Solanaceae Talong na puti, Indian night shade Fruit, leaves Solanine, solanidine Narcotic, sedative Talong susu/utong Solanum mammosum Solanaceae Mickey mouse plant, nipple fruit, berenjenita peluda Fruit Solanine Kidney & bladder disease, narcotic, cleansing wounds

Lubi-lubi/ konti Solanum nigrum Solanaceae Black nightshade Fruit, leaves Solanine, solanidine Narcotic, sedative Patatas Solanum tuberosum Solanaceae Potato Tubers, leaves Solanine, solanidine Antispasmodic Kamatis Lysopersicum esculentum Solanaceae Tomato Fruit Lycopene Source of vit A, B, & C H. Alkaloidal Amine Alkaloids Longitudinal slice of colchicum corm Colchicum autumnale Liliaceae Hermodactyl Dried corm, dried ripe seed Colchicine Suppressant for gout, multiplication of chromosomes

Transverse slice of Colchicum corm Colchicum seeds

Herba Ephedrae (Alkaloidal amine) Ephedra vulgaris var. Helvetica Gnetaceae Mormon tea, ma huang Whole plant, overgrounded portion Ephedrine hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, chronic asthma I. Xanthine Alkaloids Convex side of coffee Coffea arabica Rubiaceae Kape, Arabica coffee Dried ripe seed Caffeine Stimulant, dietetic, diuretic, CNS depressant poisoning Plane side of coffee

Coffee

Plane side of Kola Cola nitida Sterculiaceae Cola, kolanut, bissy nuts, gooroo nuts Dried cotyledons Caffeine Stimulant, ingredient in carbonated beverages Convex side of Kola 2 seeds of Cacao Theobroma cacao Sterculiaceae Cocoa seed, cocoa bean Compound prepared from the dried ripe seed Theobromine Stimulant, diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant

Idioblast of Tea Camellia sinensis Theaceae Prepared leaves & leaf buds Caffeine

Stimulant, antioxidant Tea

Phil. Sources A. Pyridine-piperidine Alkaloids Papaya Carica Papaya Caricaceae Melon tree Milky juice Papain Anthelminthic, antibacterial, digestive, diuretic Makahiya Mimosa pudica Fabaceae Sensitive plant, bashful mimosa, touch-me-not Leaves, roots Mimosine Wounds, toothache, hastens childbirth

Sibakong (manual-pyridine-piperidine) (handoutindole) Rauwolfia amsoniaefolia Apocynaceae Serpent wood Dried root Reserpine Hypotensive, cardiac arrhythmias Batino (manual-pyridine-piperidine) (handoutindole) Alstonia macrophylla Apocynaceae Ilang-ilang Fresh leaves Macrophylline, macrastonine, alstomaline Antimalarial Pandakaki (manual-pyridine-piperidine) (handoutindole) Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Apocynaceae Kampupot Leaves Tabernaemontanine Cataplasm on childbirth, bleaching agent, herbal Viagra Niog-niogan (manual-pyridine-piperidine) (handout-indole) Quisqualis indica Combretaceae Chinese honeysucker Oleic

Anthelminthic

Ipil-ipil Leucaena leucocephala Fabaceae Santa Elena Dried seeds Leucenine Anthelminthic Tabako Nicotiana tabacum Solanaceae Tobacco Cured & dried leaves Nicotine Smoking, snuffing, chewing, insecticide Paminta Piper nigrum Piperaceae Black pepper Dried unripe fruit Piperine, piperetine Condiment, tx for gonorrhoea & chronic bronchitis

Granada Punica granatum Punicaceae Granada, dulima Bark, fruit-rind, seed Pelletierina, pseudopelleerine Anthelminthic, diarrhea, astringent, hemorrhoids, abortifacient

B. Tropane Alkaloids Angels Trumpet Datura arborea, brugmansia arborea Solanaceae Trompeta Dried leaves & flowering tops Scopolamine, hyoscyamin Relieves pain, poisonous

Coca Erythroxylum coca Erythroxylaceae Coca leaves, huanuco coca Dried leaves Cocaine Local anesthetic C. Quinoline Alkaloids

Lunas Lunasia amara Rutaceae Labau, saltiki Bark & wood Lunasin, lunacrin Snake bite, gastralgia Entire leaf of Dita Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Alstonia, white cheese wood, bitter bark, devils tree Dried bark, dried leaves Alstonine, ditamine Antipyretic, substance for quinine

D. Isoquinoline Alkaloids Makabuhay Tinospora rumphii Menispermaceae Guduchi Dried stem, with the bark intact Tinosporin Anti diabetic, degenerative bones & joints

Dapdap Erythina variegate var orientalis Fabaceae Indian coral tree

Leaves, bark Erythroline, erythrinine Antirheumatic, CNS antidepressant Anonas Annona reticulata Annonaceae Custard apple, bullocks heart Seed, leaves, fruit Reticuline Vermifuge, febrifuge

Atis Annona squamosa Annonaceae Sugar apple, sweetsop Seed, leaves, fruit Norcoclaurine, annonaine Diarrhea, dysentery, drastic purgative Guyabano Annona muricata Annonaceae Soursop, prickly custard apple Leaves, bark Annonacin Diarrhea, dysentery, astringent Suma Arcangelisia flava Menispermaceae Abutra, barberry, lagtang, yellow fruit moonseed

Stem, root Berberine Febrifuge, tonic, abortive, expectorant Kasubha Carthamus tinctorius Asteraceae Safflower, wild saffron Dried flower Catharmin Food coloring, circulatory stimulant, menstrual regulator Luyang Dilaw Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Turmeric Dried rhizome Cucurmin Stimulant aromatic, condiment, colorant