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La 16cnka de cjccuci6n GJC rornanm !SOlofue~@Ia1ad:i end. s~lo XIX. ~:ail. En Amt!;_ricae..xbte°:!1! v~sti:!lj~ de los M!.I,yas.loo To!teeai>. ~'osA;l.weil,~)" I!)~ Inca.. Cfm tlcn:re~s aV-lII¥adas c[llacolI~trmx::HjIJJ de enminos,

~-e

!En cl8~~~' xvm, CIJIFI.;mciia!, SCuU!!, b:rrQn de RosilY Y l~egQ ('..()1Ii",c!,iniC'j1lill I.en:e~m:c.

la [I)Olftie;a dd

tr:;ln~.

!Ell el ~~gkl IX, ~n I~gIQllm:· a, lQli. jngt:.nier'c~ Tcllfom. y Ma(;alhnH X c;l!l'1'CfCfilS:illgl!:;$;;tS;, 1!JI.lHz;(Itldo n~'\i'M m.ooali.da.dl:s dI; ra;~ilminloo.

t!:3!1~f(;lm:taJli

rOlrliCldmcmc Ia ~

1..3 .!l.as

carru-teras en, Republica DmniDltrul&

wore ~~,Je~r'(_)lIQ de JlL'l1 i.;:arre!i1lra~'-1m
!!~eil!:ro

V;J!'!Il(JS "eh"b<Jl<'U'a~g.UJllli!l' :!iKJ~.

p,d's:.

Eu e~,.ulo 1907 el.1i'.~idtu.te, :iRa1!t16rn. elk-efeS ~1IOtIl1,t]go te-yde C<lI[l1!i_lmllQ;lU!: n:$I*~I:'I~iJi_~I!.Ol! una los v,a-d:noll00 las c,omull!ieade.ii&Lm~]Hfmim:E\l:IliIO de]as !c~let:;)5: !Xi'~Lkru; em..las q,lJ~hm;gal'lpro;pwu~. de:!LElnleste m~~~o <lfio.,e:1 gu!)gern:o,d.e .R.m.1(~ul Ciil:e~ inid6(Jys COlFrejer",-" !J~'d!,lt~llnl!lfii~r101Cap.U.<l~ i
CO:[1

la ..region Sur )' el Clbao,

Ell ej ;l!jio'1909 tl!le .in:lI.l11,l!I.mdoe] fe;~n

epOCili

Moca·~ S..:mJiag(l.E.,w! (lbT3 fllcc:a,talog<W!,,- en esa

Pln.m. iBl [llIna!ll
,cnl:re

eemo una Yel:\]atl!e,ta, Q~rn de im(geJfli.erJ<l, oltc; fe.rnQCaIT.i~1c,fi4, ral1t(~ rpa:5<!jeros elm,\!1 de 'C~![g;il" E de:

EI ftlIT:OCarr~l.fa 1c:nffl.ra!l'rulies lI;j,UlC ]Icg_;)oon. a ..L~ V~,gll, Sificoccz;')'P,LK:rfO . S"!lti_,,~o "f PuC.fl:(l Pil~t~ fl;lein:.lu~tlrado el ]6 de i)~;osm de ~I !WI:IIIlH~.~a_r H;ut)'

Hada. ,e~.H!i'iil. l 918. l.i:n (l]1:gph~~m(') ,c:k Iii I.(;'I. iitl[~P,'llflci6nmiI:i13r ftI0mmmeniCana • .el€if~m~.oof S. KJu:ppa:Ii!ul-lciou!1vrlFtQ p]a1.l de obTll~ .pUiblJ.'CaspaJ<I ~i!,-rmj~1U'h~ CIIJ~,l~,-ras had .. el

M ateri al proteoido par del

C'{;

has de autor

Cibao, SUlry Este; 3dremis.

al1:.la.GOlfH.!w'Cdoo de 'I'::u:iL)!i'pUlilll~'i<, 61'1.0$'trabajo~i!l."Jr!l{au

Ult:l

(e1,)O!lO-

C~flliCfl!:o 1!ll["l:'!,gr.mC{) dCIL'i(lc} e~lp.ils" iEll elaJ~:~~1922 f~e linal!lgllj!,~adal II! can-e!:e,ra [)u[lJilie 1!"I1i!!'e S;li!U:{J)~'m!in~:o .:11' :SO!nlti"~(l, [ aU~U'JiI!C)vil ~iU:C' dr;c:1!I1Io p(u.la.can,clcrn fua el eOJ!ducioo pcr.~~ T"'~d:a Gareia (P.~!IgUiO.

121v~ime.!'

iE!l192J. el ]~~idem~ .~ua~B'J;Ur[iS!l.l 'i,!idnl! imulgl!oo Lac~~tt:rn,

M~t';():r:k
~.:Ir:.~ el

SaJ!.OO .Do~lug.{!,.Siln r~oo de

porq~iJ" .lo~C(nfnc.!;;r,;\]'Ims. uarlsptU1ar sm;pmduc!m.

En ell ;Ii"!o1929
1'1.0.

aDO 1192.5 C \'~f~,qlil~ 1 :>C!trIll~~ra~. rirK;Vpi:lle.,:;; Ie hab{an ~'ad'Q u~~ N ... ~ du:!l:~golpil :dl ftlJf\Xarrul :~n.dlIil5lrillles y cilin~s3l1.oli~gricolncl; nOlcn~:~1JJ que espernr por c~ 1tt:!I'I para
se ~g;i.!iOU"ill~lIiI hU!i:lga. d~~J~ren;:~ ~\cIi!X~f!i ~fI Prl)I$'*iJp!)r '~~JoS.'l:!iIpiJ{.~~'O:;: I ~

:[lpb~f;'

T:::lrnbie.n ,~me!>11i' ~912;iJ line ere-{ld!:lIll:!1l~'Ip<lrnicfa.de1>!·.ms,irIO,:lJiIifs ~iio lapreseneta n.o\!i~es,enlas ",fatii"

Eli! ,d ail(1 193 ~fl!.l~ iI,\!o!,1,!i.gurat.fu. ~i4 .l\ve!lJdll Col~tlj)b'u!l.l, hoyG~xge"'V<Is.Ji!i~lg!(lrl"

de :nu:mcro:~m ;:m~(i·

En el ai'io 19.34,es [Diiiu.gJulrildo elpuente

R:rumfi:l:soore d rio H~ilullmo cr..San Pcdm,dc MaCi;l[J!s.

lli! el ~!~g l')$j fliJC

!rJ!<!l,!Ig-l.I~

m MsciltC"rcil! de Sa.~ ~s!dro,

1.4.;\paridon del autom6:\!il 'en Re[ppbUc,a DQm~nica.n."

Haeia [males del siE,'lo r'g. ,e;l;.i:s~fa. Jl tlm.villi! Il:Uoi;f.idbpa:r alljin1:illte~ que eta d. prin.~'.~pi:llrlfledio de m I";at!:l~pn:~e CIt:!:~lllJ ciuclad de :Sa!"lJ(It [locIilJJJng:o • .Y Ib1l,(:~1lJ1,W.1, ruta de nlla~d !'J.~OO~I~'1 k.i:l6uR~imt: dc~ d COnu'e httsUl: .8.ii:IiI!a iE:'I:iim:ar{j L3r~gi61l! d'~~ Gnarl se emwiln.tQ. en Ia Imas :pI:'I.Wpe.lI':),clell:!3is por~a a.S!iIHdad {lin t[ml!liport3(·m~Ml:.au.· ,(!ia!> ~'c:sdc .fill~'lb del sIglol9 ~(HiI, 13.1~I.cg;8dii fCIfl'(X'mu~, U:jj5!UC',>;emulilJe1110 les med~()s .iklmn;spon;e de:] C.ml II)~ c.:!b.;dlos. !nll~OSy C~las. 13,1~j]venli,n:l!~erll(J· deln~lI:nm6·v~il t'rnjo (lol:l~ig;o lifmcyas ~€t:IiI.i~ s [111"1 :11L~cspc.'{:.iI"i"{:~K~iu.iit~' .. .~

eons;·

liI1JIC:cil;(iI~, 'C'll1:'Cll:Cir~. y el m~[llcn~!I\icnl:O·de de

1?:l{;~iIl1~.

las lilni~lruls"

Las lprimera:l lrnrarc1b'ide aU~Dm6".ill.'::; que ~Ieg<lfiii!lalpefs a pdndil:li!Ds del siglo 20 £"u'fron Fi;m.lly

s~r~~giM:r<! ell <lil~I'9{1S c-mI!o

n~(:;'mit,

I'", f~ch<l d~ "lliH11~~itJ!ii' ~lll rri!i'HH a!.!i~nmj)Yil~I'~n R~iPdhli~;iIJ,:~.lilh.i", d

Ell '~CII1!~J,~cl9t]~our.~oj;6

~.QSsj$U~;e[Jlefl

datl).s

eJfI

.Iadudadl de $i3ll!toDomil'l,lfn:

• AIUIDllIttlv:illlls pUb:lli~~~ :2 rU,rlidaW:;":>l ~ • 'Vl;:h{cl,!lII~ lJat:'.e\~"ml'ilJiQU~' ~90 u~~iJade,~

~ VbMI.:~l!Ilo.'i parth::.L1hm:.s :: 1'9 Il!nidadl:i:.

M ateri al proteoido par derec has de autor

1921

1..,683, 1,1.92:
:1,1'74 2,,350 ':1,176

1922
1923

]92.-4
]925

191!5. ]927 J92R

3..3'2H

4i07~'

EOI:!re,J I) i6 Y 1924, ejJ)OCa de IlipriJ!')Cra.blten'c!!ddnn:!j~ita!' ~arnc!'.!'.ie:m;a"el gpiJ:i{!ll!'JlO !tQI'W,· alJ"lCliiC!loo C!l'COl3. Lily d(':C;1im:n::ta~y R.c:glamcrn!K18parn,AJulnm,6",Ues; en. f«ha,·g dc (~ic~cmlJ.:oo,dc nHi~ p!I!bJlkada!lm Ia OatlICIAI" O,5cial No. 2:8;64 del .15dedl"ietttbre dc~911.
E~ta ley. en lo, Ci~:m,,"emh;.meil~s m.llmn6 ..!lIes, espedfkaba h1.:S voil:i\;)c:illil.6.esl'Ililxi._s, en,mn~t'

rurnk:~ que em dre ':;m Km!hvy de Ill' Kmt.~f

CII2)OOO,

~roana.

~ Tcrrael'T.w:
• R!C'OlcstidlUl:

""On£(ruida:.~:n:-LiSlta n~1.'cl.descobntsal1I:C. s~~n e~ Il.irngu!l tilPO'Ilk· revcslil)lljc!l~o.

Se ha coloc:aik)

sobre .Ia~ubra~an~e una ,O\i',;1riilS capas

de m<3!tenal grmlll'htr;

~Pav~me,lfItadas: .~ura.

CU~I~.do' e ~~I CO:i\~lft~i'l'()lfJ!!!II'I~emeel s

!pii.'~"iml:fn!l),n~il!i.!,.emlo ia 'caiJ)~. i !,!I.e

:::!,)CLASIFICACION SEGlrN SO "'(JiNmON:

lLaSecrel:.'lM!ade: Est.. fu de ObI:l:l8 PUibli{~3SY C.:':'iIIlUJflltru::normi> {SEOPC) es la.oficllf1a de] EJlt3.00 u ~V!il~ liene CO:ilf.l.iJ t:l.:!IId(~.if1 planllfica!r"dilsciltM', I.)oo...strui:ry~J,mt~{J;I~11:la red vial gii: L:tltep, [)Gmi:oiean3i~!!' dl1~iticaIas carrretesas en: ~ nUflraleJi:

unen di.ferentes,:~~gio:nes, OO~~GI'1nell trnl'icode :~tI"',dif'Cruliltf:::!.>region~.:., iPllrejCI1lI' p'lk~l: umpbm DU<lne. !;iU'ICI,crfl Siinctlili:l:" carrr:~cr.] Men;)" A

·Rq:w_~; ~:Sel;l.l!::uhQia.'i);: Un~nPQbla~rQlll';:l'i denlfo do lHI~ mbmOl n::gi6im:, ~:!imlxK:"'nQlo C;iI la :1T¢1l! tro:mcear,Per ¢je:rniplo ~cm~ 'CilM ~. S(lJ!hgIJ~o-.MQ~'H;:"'I~~tln~l~!Iaresy C/I}Lm:!t~"

·S(I;fII! Ft'.m~·iSi:o"N·1!.g!l".

M ateri al proteoido par derec has de autor

1.. c;)

i1•... ····· •..

"' LIXIlI!!S ("J.'b!t'(larlSliS)ii ConeclOlIl fOb:klA::ione.soi:-Qn L~.Vi:ll,~t·JlIflIb;~~~)ill, Cmlilotl1~·COnSta:n'lO:ll.

aJ

:~:1I~fld p:dmarla Q ,~o~l:IndaJrjmPbr~~n.lp~D ...

• Camillo!:! VttCinalcs: P,ro...·~o.etll.~()e.ro·!,Ii '~.PHJ~,k'(jades~y!)O!t:r;lJVi!lS<l:!I]. wt} ·",ja~qUi) · ~ ,

zonas de :produc'Ciont a~rfcoja Iplli.r1cip.-ilrneriw ..

pc,m~,:!:r;a!l]l

rn$:~l ~il:cinr(\u~~ ([\;!. eamluas v!':t:jrlalo~..

En l... ReJl!itl]ic<!Uom~nj\:,lI:l1l ei,i$~~,'~CIIU;.l~m'e!lte1L~rWe4(lJ S[){I() k~IISrnet~]l'i. U~ Clm~,t~r!l8 de y

(Not. .. 'i .impo:m:mtcs)

De;srl~· laeluded de La. V~f,l;J.:partian kJi!i ~~g.lJ.iCin!l:'.s c<IilIl!in.o~pam Santiiilgo:: UiD.O iba. por el ".do t1(lcidj]liItal.~igrLii~rld,oI!a,~ fflluafl d'l<:]1 ;:UU~} Ct:;m),. deooe Rt~) VenIt y :P'l1:il~1.. n.~mndQ a SiflrUii'l,gfJ p<'lli S e N~ba.jc~;IiI ~I ~t!!;rOO$~i;', !J!OO ib;i!. po!' ~t !;I!dQ Q~,1;.'t~;~! ~a~nW C!i=ITQ,!~~g~o ;I M(K:a )' ~~dl;: Olhip<:l'f ~! ~~ C3IlC:a, Ureyl~1 M,,-:dk)o y SWlLI:lgO,
[)e~(k

S<lJII.i;lr,S·ombl.a I

U!!11

da, pasandopol Ja:i!OOri. [J-J:lhlJo

,,~.ur:dl!o h.. sla Pue!1A)l'llI!la, ha51ta GWi<ryub~n vf:a N,INOll!'~~e y !Lagliina y IltI.'!l'go Monte· Cri£ti ..

.sall:a~

[k~' Gy~yulb!in, I:u:tb:im! dOG cmuino~ ~tm ~.Ucga[j,iIl!Ia. lh:j:llbQn. (JllQ i.'ba por Sabana de WaCruz .~ C~,ro ~ OajilibdIJJ[pC!£ ,~I SIlIWSIl.l:; 'J oUo dt:;.deM(jl:lJt~ C[l;o;,tI..luego de~n(;ol!luwr c:~C[].tKIIMJU~ (iiu:t.,'uhirl. - MOl1.tceci~!l" Ei:xiStlml
~~@'~'

tambie.. ios 'cam[mr.s.;Azull - S..n Jose ~. Ocoo -PiC<lra Blanca,

IE!V~Ue sa!!ar! ram:l~s ~ Gami!l!o~h;tQ~;lell O~,:;ll~.

S;)'bm~ad~ ~ , M{lr y ...

[)e;S(j'eSiliUia~.o I!ambiil!rn. saUii lin Camiiil(i .~laLuiiria dew!> P.al:{)sylili iCues!J" yse.fllif.a. It Sil:i!i.Ji(~s6 de [.a~ Mat:I;.5,., .~gl!l{a porGiI1Larog,W[l1tQ,.]lcg~l!do;]! S:tb:IDeta y[)~j~b&ll" .De:!!dc· Santia.(l.o .(l~,l1l)Plnla habfa!! <los C~!l:'Ijl'!i;o$:
~iii ilJ!OOpot
~!<

.Palo ~emad(li iful siglo 2D.

{ltro

porA]t(lmj •.a,

HI S;iiSt.e:ntm <!eUl:m.o":lj~ras co:miCIlJiI

las tJ:os;pri~~
knlll

De, ~;'\l!!J8II 19~16f1t::lermJI[l61!1!!!l: [Qugjtud de c!6 C10cudlSn de 44 Kms.

de, ca.n:e!.eras. hl;.!bo Uia:mtf.'>O!dL'ciomde~. ell.

y ]im:go IQS; olJl:li.\l~ secun.dar

El~plalil senera~ de esa e(p!K3 era oOI:lf>til:i!l!i llls jres carre1ierns troncale~ ..
La Carrel~'MI La ,c~m~"'r;\
~~ [\of(iiilnll. tl1t:l sns

~nid('!lera de :l,gel Kms

U.

'Y pas<l~<l()Q:l"

La ~Li,

Moc~ y SUJlti<l!go.

se.:l!;:o;;tadf;a

17:5; Kms a~ro ..esande

S~!I]. ~Ie..iootd~ Marons, Ha10 .M:J1.li'o!r, I ~

Se.ibo e .Hh;.U~y,

Ltl ~~e:r.fJJ S~neJhcz ~1I1i'iIllde Sarno Do:fllJ~ng,u. pa.5ij1biJi. pot San Cr~f>~6bal,BaM. AzuO:I. San Jillilll:l Y
Comt\nd:..d:or;; l1~gOl:m;do;J, ~::li frenteea con 260.km.s de· ~D,]],gittidL De 19 W 1921 eJ] .g.(lhiem() !!Jte~enWr !:l.QneamerIcm~() 6a impuls6 lilJ~ cons!«Ic:cloru~s vl.~ll'\S., eTIn!i· ~

narndQlacarrereea Dmutc. c,wIldi6 la Md]a .. 36 kn~,. Ilcw~mdo"390 Kmsdec~lITe~err~~ !pn~ldplllei>.

M aterl al proteoldo por derec hQS de [tutor

DC' 1119'1'2,I. ~92~~ ~c oumtWJlCnllil 1O..~·l(mtli, C[I, la cmr.IOCWr<t l\\h,;U,~. lo qU;l, .11[;:;"'0,dldlbl[J~r;~j[,[ljl": de
C!'Ii'rete'iiftS. 01 ~19S_

Pmra li'l ~l'il{~.1192:4\ Rep!~bli.cl~ rD~1I1~~ .~~~ nnt'!lm11 ler.llll. 5,98 K:I~I;'; e VI~S de Ilf1i.lIlt:nl elase. d 1'92$ __ .1926 _""' 1927-~. 753 KUlis 77SKms 9(mK.n~,~

192!l ------II" S~~ ,devu a I ,Q7'2Kllilil

M ateri al protegido par derec has de autor

''Ff'ma 2

~ntrnducd6n a la Planii~icaoii6n

r,;iJ:U ot!I~lDc[

~cneral, den(i1l1~rn~m1I.e 0rsiiiiIrLU(!O trcCilic:nl.cloolTIilc tic. ~~Ji arnr]i~iid, u olJJjetivl) de~eiIl'i_ij;j)~, ~I Ol)mi) d de-~oll(l e:oon<limic,o.. hi i:n""eS:I~i:la{jh'!ll (lie!I:'Ltffici!i, ,~I fJ;lm::kl:!Ilmielllt~ de luna i.mltlMrJa. e~>C',DiGdo!llilJiQ d$ la Rl,lal Aca.d'cmia. &pl'llio'~iIJ delaleilJi,gIl3). (

2.1 PI~nlilirarii~:P1Il:lIIJ

:r

Plaaeares dec.i:d~.r' .'!:llIlie:ip>!.e~li'ln qJt!ese delle hacer. ~6mo ~]>m€~ulo. COil claude Y q]uj,dn ~'o 1l<l_Ii.La pla!O@adOnl 0&<; el :PiI18'J1~:e ''lIJC va oC:!lde ,el ll!lg,ar doncle estamns a~ IL!lg<lrooC!Jlode queremos Hie:p en ml tnl tlilfO {les~nlo. La p~aneaci6:Jl8C "PQY1l c~~13i!iupos:ic;:i6!l de ''iJ,lJese 1L:l1!i:~1i'I!:.'l.,Cf~n.l!m;,nwdio:> ~l!lI]t:tC:Illi~C$ porn UlLtV<lr:l c:aoo l.osp1lltl.oCS~llIrroiiild\j:>. Pasidon
(lie

~a~~a[i!Ufkadai[l derll:md~tl.procesHl)O

IJcl!l:ni.n~;S.1nItnIVO:

CONTROL

PJanifh;~adtin del 1\'.an:spDl'lie

olli-edv'Q [pri~cipal de ,~<l! p'lallific,;l~i61l delllwl!:O;PQfW IlCDfii'Omteglll'l!lnl!;izxlI:udo'!JInll red ~!lum" Optil]l<l '} ['.iip~di)"

e:~

~·IQgrar

~1Ii ,dI~:-i!wd!~Iu:~tdl"1

de

.100'CQ~lo.'Sdei

L1II5 metas son dC1c:r:m.ina:r .IQ~"prchlemas 'L'lspecHicos ,como so'n forejemp-I.OI parqllCQS, oon,gIl!3.i~i(lnanlieru:o,. reuasos, elle,; i' crear ~as 1).l'(JJp;~.e.jitOl:ll in,Vefil.f6il~, :pal':"l :re:.lCiOlver eses ~fo!bleli:ua.s. de La ~lun:ulit;iR:T6:11rc:spDnd~ II la pr!.'lg!lln~a l.Q;uk hay 'que
LilIPIaIll:itilCac.i(m de canetems ~!l"atarn. efija!l" lnejmas d !XiPlOi:lRrli Y mereall.d!ls ,[Ie mill~~ cifi,c:~i:ime.
h:llCCir"!

a..101 red vial p@ra 'ls.egl!ltar un trnM()!I)J!:e de

Mate-rialprorgidc por

derec

has do

autor

2.2; Proccso dt1,la pia!!lil1cacJ;on del tran,sportc

FASlE I: f1jad6,nl de ttbjjt.r1vus}' IP(Md,~,lIs:
~ndkllir,(~ saber
'ir0'), ,1. '11~cg'lt,
ill donde qui,elFO

lIegaJr Y l.aIii erramientas h

p'trnlll~t"[

a '(;,00:11 bjmlil"tl~". a

C:SO CS, OOHlO

l'i.o\SE Z: ~f!"~!I!tui<! de I~ :Si,1 adl(i,n a1;!lIuJ.!il; w

IRc()tJIlUlu[~o~,U[l,tiIJlSsllihrc
• [llifrae~l:rut~tll!l';} .10 qu~ C\:.;i~t:c: a.C:~lmhlil,cnk:

• 0fll!.mil"i;'i6f1:::idi'J1inVt>~F... il?1..
Pam uU

~~i~~~m31 viid

d~~t:ll'minallllO!>;

~ \,(;1!!;~idad(';8

y ti'l.~lillP(r.;.d'l>rce(lI.[l~\)s

• ICilpochJad ybl

[)c~Cf[l1ili1)~t {~n,~s,. li~S pJob!r.tIillila s

y causas '1m: la pwdi~~clr"t.

'C,i.IS~.~

All'al.isL~,00

ofena

)'

denmmla. para

ik' ~raIlSIX)rlC

lli!ih~klC!"

f~'ASf_~. Pw'}1'\i"C"',itQl~sdl,t!31 ~!.\:'fruu'Ui181 'nl~!los!S»: 4 O

Vi,:<I quc;:: iJ.a:-;iHi'i1 C::ii d l~iHi!ito.

En esre

Ir~

$C'

hae~!! <uil'JHsiswbre lUIquc s~~l'fa l fu ifl:C"~o:t~~mlcllltt~ e fUl:luo dd sistema de easrereras ..

dtl gb,jctii\l\(if! IUI.tc:illksy m~ulS:

F.:\;SE5: Umitllci,Qn~ y d(1nmlnaci6:nl I. l.i'milla!;',htIlIIIN ~L!iit,"a~:

'. C:1;il'~cjd~_d ~il ui: :il(ff~!es~fii.(,Wfiil C)l.ii;"'ICm(~~c~,elll~m;. d(;boi:llena. ¥ohl meues d,(~~lr.:HfI,o;:oIi IiII ~Il!dtl•. HG::;'~£-;;I~~,ij.d~~~~~j) pt;;t:r ~j~,,~'!I1Jlr4 '1~p.'(:l~~, d~'

'. C~1.~a6dad de~ifilll:O;[J'4]!n,;;: c~r~~1 die " Ol:.~:u;:ida(l del

trOili[J\\~.!iI~

d~Pil~j:liJ(l:; !m .. 1'jeri reiad61i1 ala;;; !'!litas, c;;wh!CcjdOJl~;" ptJSii>le;;1.

• L;in~I::I,'i!)tw:s· l~mp~~$~i)S c'] si:S~~jm":(l!'~ft'lJio)'ffi.;:'~.;:s:. po:r !

M ateri al proteoido par del

C'C

has de autor

Du!'~dhlJ,;;:tl!iin dl,!;lllre~upl!legt(l demoneda e':dlral]jc:rll.

~ lJilspo:nlib~lililml

l\1'ASE 16~ C~srQS: dd tra~5portC!:

Se ilst~libloc(;',1iI las ..JWer,ll.ru~.;:;g npdClifll;'S p!llTfl1l1'eflJ:l7... ar..,1 O~:f~[h'O, ~~.~libl(>ciclo. e"':lhitl:n.d![~·clIUlilln:li dJill £~Ia:s, y liIl.eg:o ~ Cllktl~i[ll'l:

~ ())~[(~

die:

Opoi:md';;lill

de;~w\!c:hfctf~oil\

r£;a~iZ:aJ' c~pro:o()c')Jj P<lm Cll"O~

Be ~~occi.~um I'~.llr-:~(Sn !..~olIl~idk:n.da l'lCllnV~illlk~u.t~, ' liillI65 illll!i.t:m~d{~ y !3sC'[a;a!l: de.! Ii~i:~:m.o,.

l<[llS Irc~IlIr;S~

Igl~C:liG nt\"''IlSh~m.I:nm1, .

ill.:: l[mf!~I)(,)f!C ~}liiul leo. se .;j ~gc el 'UllOiJO d'(~lr~~~[J'One:tlxi~irt::.r.uiillif"o,l· .11m.:;.pr'op~oo:;W;s ® 11

<ltrL~i:dmas ~,e UlIllij'Olt·

~[a~~~!l0f!C.C~.ITest~i,;· t a ' ~IJ::itico,. !I£~"O-

LIiI~!!~j, ] hacen las ·(;'!<l!U;iJdC:i'.IiI:~.~ M ~\('"(lIil61~n.~l::ilfjse seleeeinaan 'i I~ASR 8:'li'fo,fi:t'oiiti:li1 d~in"Clf'.o;ilJ(ii!llloi yrui.:on~1'.ii1ditdoil!lS
1 PE(l~.l,lm" ~ iU'lversioflcf;;r.dcoc.i6!fl

f'Cn~;~bnld,u:i.

(f;;. ~I)S [liro}1C!(:!~~~ rrri~lrit~rim;, ~C~i:'lcici)(m::Jr ~.o-sj;u'@ym::ful>

ren;t<lib[e~.qlll!!e,<>e.m OO~l""eJi~ie!~.;e;s.ll)p~[Jj11 de desalrrollJo,

:2,rtlJc!i;li!:uendadoIl1;5:1'!:k~dz;;;l!,
.1~i;:.;I~~llIDI.:il(,:i(m~",.

IlQJ' 1(~1cle!l!Ilos P)ro:r~!i(l~,.i::-<lm()' ,d~t'll;;'n 'cjf;"(;!Ut<l1l's(!' y adilipm,fse N.

~ct;';(.lt~i@'J]J~tJ,l!

3.

lliuph.:::rm::ll:iilac.r6:i.l1

d~ :~ti ~pr.I01.l1

d_ :Supeni~.i@lml de ln pbni'i'kad!6n: ,r;-o,~~mJ :se~}.l.injlic(;!w)d'c' ~~.~v,oJ-!!!"i6!:1 .pr0)lCcl.o.. '! del

:Olll el prooe;.w ~c p.~~l:l.li:l'lGacki:f1. estes es~r~Jk}:> smlC!! ram ,('jc:~\:nFl~IiI~;rr 1m. -caml;!tcr.u"~UGa:'l de les !IOiS ""iaj~s" es dcdr, oc:!lJ',Li 81L1. mig!~n .y cual es ~!~ ~r~~d~l(~; ,~~K~~~ ro~~!IJl~. para ]M:lI;:iI' ph.miitkm . .;.:~. 'i J;.l!(l1F liII IPOt1'i.bac(~o:i:ts;tl:i\l.cdQ!l !ffi~e~.:)JiS'!,·'HIS,6 bspruibks de· mnls cl.c tran~poriepti'b~.i(';q.

M ateri al protegido par derec has de autor

l);)!:r;u.::~ji(D pi!'C~~rnP.1 mm seric ~k .. SI;'

IU~m:,n.

C~!;;S.ii/Jl];i~!I'~(JS,,(ij ;';:l.liClu,;,;t;lli:.l-JJ, (1111;"~ ~J,;:Sd1~ !t 11i/J1l; vi.~jmro;:; se

r'.mi~(~IlIC 111115

I~l~~\!~!. a!:lf.:'ril,};;: irfl~p!i h t•

f1r;ipiil~iC;;;~Jet;;m';i!l\:.~!'~~, Qr~g~:n~l!:;:s. !no

I.. 10!1el!lest-1I!i, en
'V~lIj~.

!loll)j,e ~c~1i;Cua que

~ Irc1lii,~a!n cn 1:1Ilror~,a t~iIlrret~FdI)m~l mm:guu!, c iuti)rl1fmc[f,1], Ilt)Cfl~iltilJC$sCiJLriS'C:it ius \I~1.'tJI~jfO:;; 1(l,'S<ll:s!:i!'n~s POI' ~iiir.c~e[~s" ~'JjtQhiiO dd ~~~ig.e!1 'f cle:;;;tilf!~).wt~. ~mrij!n.nil!:>l~,:)~wr'w~.t:tc. qJllI~~ ~~, .;',arref-era:

2. I0nel!lc;St~:'j {!m~tili3ti~lc':se 'l~[IIIi'C'~,us~mu li~ji!jliltlb~t~I~~t:s ll:ll~~ l:lmil ~:I!!illi,l; ti,g~~idl.io~, cl u· d a tll,;.~

!;i;":-l;itl!!t~n~'e: porcerreo, {; ful:~~ encuestas se ha~eln para {"OJilWK.':f1f',elliltIIIOOfO de Y,Ui~e~(lflIe S~ ~eliHi;alll, ,en del,l':'mlilnaoi.t,lls.%ll!'I:.l )'

1)r.i.n~ip~ll.me~lI:e l.orms; um~m:llli. en

M aterl al proteoldo por derec hQS de [tutor

Tema3

Usuaries de

Illas

Calrreteras

Sen••do Y-cSlllYiillar
~!II:'~k!gJil,J!~!:~~\'O,.

(';qIl":~IM.o)

La.Y'lslfll!

]pti:dfi!1rtCi:1.ti!;ln(lJ Ul!~ atl!jju!~!ooo I·(i\)'" dI':: 1~~

del '\IIieJI;W

EI S~!ititlJodlutU«I .:1 ell ,,~Ubllla:r ~K~'(,-c!1liilfQrm~,d6!j~ifl\pO"!"1ilC e~)!id!u:ctO-F~~4 al fller".;as a~lli,;i:lrl~,~ ~l!i~~amh:r(~ tl!i(l1\~,:d!l'in."'ib~j(M'ilM cOn k y cstahtHdad ~:ll !O'ehlf(:,ulo"
III selil~lilo llIudtU".-I!
~U~ll"!dl)Ctl~![;l ~!l \J(;~hf(l~kl

eill:;Qliliml (Ie las

1)r]JC.ilnil!>,. ~onrOO!te;l ~..eIlIj'c~d{) al de$plilZ;,~,.!>olilldo (.

{)(mdUCI(U 11 ptlrdbirr

son los ·~k~mcj]lhJS qu.cu-y-w:l3n"I

informaciijn de ~~. que

esd ·~u~"ediMl!lb la CalTUlerll. en

'llelll(Iil!)! d~ pt!r:t'q)(;i!1! ••Fti!l\Od6n; es el j!~ltrv:""OCj!de: lieHij)t) oourddu de.sdc~l!Ii:: !)U!(,~(mdl,!l.c.i()rslenle;c~t1(;1b;JJ 0 YC IUln3sitlil3CUOJ'l
,,",'J'I

la via

el

lriill(1Q,

Y w!rJi.rn,.-;pU&''i!UI .ililliGiIJiI.:a To q!lle hn pereibidQ,

M ateri al proteoido par derec has de autor

E:!>teLiJ~m;po se dh'l,d~ CL'I'lJrQ ct!Itpas:: I1iJ1

o I
{!~10q~!m ~f~:rh~o

,,. Pen:epc;16:n1: :E!~,ucmlllUC!Of 1ie fmm.alJl1~irmI\IiW,,~m:l! .. Ih!leloot{l: Darnecl!ICn!;a de ru~i~fQrrnac.i6!'! wedbid!:l

iO

per !m:

~11lt~.dQ$,

pi:J!, ~JS

8e!ltidns.

"_:mocl6n~ 10 que: tin"

PC~01:!!il !liC;1l~C ,6 p.icnsa Urul dc~is~6n,

de I... S~,tlW(;,i6:l1I"

iO

Vollcllill!: Ac!:o, d'e wma:r

im Hempo de pm;~pc~(~Iii,."reiKd(m~medcvari:u cone 0.5 :~gy :3 !i!:lg 6 ma\, SC[C:it"cC:iQnamiis rnpidQ

COIl

lo!> st:!I1ildas auditivns y m(';nQsrapidQI.\IOS'!li;sllal~

y vestibular;

3.1 Cnllcter'sticWl·

de I~OSpeatOiIte'i::
(),_~il<!! CL1)L~· ,O,,6[], lrn/~g ,(2.

t;;l,~~i)!.;il.b4l! de IQ~PC~,lit~

~h::s1~~g)1~~I.:a! ~ tW8!.!g (~I'[)IPie:.;/'SCg).

la'ii'dl!odd!!td! de los .PCato!J.CSipnIad di~i'I[) es de J "20, wseg {4 piesf~cs}. HI iirea.eS'I~!l:!a<I~~a~a ~ali.'incircu,~a:r ,6 U""rlSllt<lire~ de :2.30 m~ lilt US ~)'"

1.:1:<; pntldpo:lcs

oolil.la!t ~ilmctrnsi;leas

de opernc1~n.csy c~i.~m;:l:iTio.

El!li.te k!l!i lipoosde ".eh~~ll.:Ilol> pod'cI:lK:!S cnar,

2): VchfGIil.los .I~.ge~ros (AiUWnmy~lcs.ml!lnj(lnetL~)

3) V~hfJ;;!!!'I~~,~9S: {~..miQm~s.
@!! (I ,...:!!'!

If~.m.91q,1:!:(8}

Lal> ,ea'il<ie'tcritstiC'L'l de 't'{ler ..eloaes d:elllJ.!!vehfcu~:i,)s a{eCUtllii:

e·

:Yspc~dk'4I!'(lS
4JjU!e

.. L ..~ OO!YO)S hori7l0t11~ !e[o; de IloIs. <!rcr:ete~~, a ~

3.3.l Re..riI.Il¢ljgi

d""ehku]o dent que.,leJI,cer

H:ty .:5 tlros a.e oosi£te,fic,i~~

~ R;c~j!S[Gn~j~ i!IWn:l:31 .. R~.1\iiii[enela a Il!is~nti~tnl~:il • R$"lj~tc"ciD a !a ro[Ia(lliIrii

.. R£siSU:llIcia:ll 1Ja. I .. rrla: C>.l ~:... tc.itdcndili del: un ",dlilfcll]o a. rcrsbti:r l.aaccl.cmC:i6:o. 6 sea, lit te!J]de~(;ja a.iPf:mNlmlec:eF en. tle.~anso, 0 cuand:o .. :I. o'bjcUJ Cs.<'l,~iIIliliI.o.... i:u:dellllo a.m.o'li'cfl>C:CfI ~Iim:a.~to\ a. i<l rlJli'sIiJa. vd(l~b.i;ld <i. a una ·vck'ICill...d. Cl)nSl"l~!le,

M ateri al protegido par derec has de autor

TEMA3: USlMltlllS IDE CAA~mM.S U:S

F=[\VJg),

%3.

~ .Re.sUellcilla a Ias p~n,tI!i~rrutl':u es 1<1omponeDll:e del pe._';!I) del \i'·eMc~~o,ac.:~laJ!Clo c hacia l!ib~j[l,en I a dJ~!'iOOci6n I:I<1U':)n.ela :II p]illlO 'erl I.m3JISJl!lperfk'i:L]; .ilm.dil~.:uIla. sin fir.1ClC:UOll.

(v/loo) ~ (FGtFN) .FY = {FN)(u) I lOO .pt.l·"·'WCQliiO

.' RE}$iStejlld!a» hI! mdadiU![iI; ai?TQ'cwe;ad':t_mr ,Iillillitn:e~I.II!8!rida.de~u:BcJ<I8ul'emde~ellEyJi-. mggi!Q v los I![IIDWi, l'ablla dereslS!l~nclapmmedlo de r,odadll!l'l)~ \leIo"I(lw
(mil liP! pnr 11(11"11)

so
34
35,

40
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'51
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62

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17
21'

16
27

Mate-rialpwrgido

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autor

Re5il~lI~ia(I.>

5
.5 10
j() ](I

50

1:8
36 1:&

on
:m
40
5.'0
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54
]03;

EI. g:1'adn de b cnrva es invcrsamente

En b resi,~t1l!111:di1 mdmll!l~l!i se il!lt::h.l}'c Ilili~s,i,s~c"d:l im~i'i~'l dell l~j.1)h)~j' de las Halll.as_ alu

"Re.!>is~t::nria

••II.'IU.n~::~Illflllye 101fuerza re;{llIcl'iida!lam movee ,d ·01 ell til'ell'te del ','ehlcn ilre eomo Il~" ion tid ~!il'C:con Iii superficie ,del w,:;hlcullo. fricc

1]0.

ll~i

..

Rl''iIIIl~lI"ilnliClrut~liS

de- m£l Pf!~CI~dai

ilol]~CI~~iil t;o:j.

dcf~!ild~ "uJ:t~u ll~ 'idt!!dtlm! ~ 111 q Ur.:'

U,11l:r~lxti:(D

cs «:<llii zado, L..1 PO!':CUI;:.L.t {jIlC Llii veh LC (P) l~~o~:eqlu~~re p>lrn'l'erl~cr I,~.resis~)eln~ i a qJlIe se ~e nll1)n~ ..~mflvi:nl~icuut" de U!1W;;h!:Ci[jllo.~ ~lIm 'jel~.,;,;ij~,~ i!J<ldOi(V)!>e puede calcular me(iiMm: III 5i~Llicllref6nlllulla: P",.RVtSSO

MI~'(Jitila ~n UP(Cab~I~~ f~l,.:r"a} 1'0d~

R=
\1=

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nla ell' wd4is, lOJ:s e~is!end~~ ~~e~1cilt~ veneer d r qu~ 4

(;II

\·;dl{~1iio, t

liiclociid"d Jld'!{,~hICll[kD

pi(;s'scg.

t hrporlJlmlpcr.m:diL'lUl.w negativa

Es~imc 1:1~)ol~'IiI,~i'", J"!..·tl~!eri.tlil UP ~}~m~.c~krar Llll '~'t:lift:ulo de 3.000> libnL;'; qu,c 'Vu!~a,~ 50 ii1Jil~~:1!~ en. de lJlll .:jI·.O% a rnzoll de 4· picsJse~:" EI veh I:t ule ii~:ne I,ma ,'II~e(;t6J:1 ~;.i!1S,~I'~a] rrr(llll~<d)~e 2:5~ii!~~. el c~ln~PKI' n:(w}' d pflVnlllCU'l.n t:~lii l~n bLl.~rll es 'r.:s1adll'.

Mate-rialprorgidc

por derec

has do

autor

Ie;), ,,;,=It, ",I

n~,.o%
;J;'" ,"',

"''''' SO :m~!~~hr '" n,:3'~ ,pie~, 1ieg ! f

rlsc,s,!

A=2~:$ ~ W~3000Hbi'i DesamJIlo &t, ,pmblenu'l:

PrinlCrn "',~mos II C;[l~,cu:IOIirlas (Uerenl)l!~ reloi]sten,da,qll!!.'tcl~... Meulo e

~iC:l~

que '"'ent".Cli:

I}R~eocm

ala jnerc~.

IF '" ,( W/'8~ )I, Iil;

F ..,(3,000 ~~bs 32.2.pl .. s1seg;2~) (4plt:l'i f seg2) 1 o x

372,67 I,ibs

TaO! {9i)~, 4.'1jI ,II)]

'ThIn (il') == O{~ • fl.", ar~! .. rn {tl{)4), "" 2.29"

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;Ii.

(410 i

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tihH,

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SoCl~~I~llu0libl',," ]!!!p4llill!l! 3-4.p;l.1~ l!i!.<l ,"'elrltlidad dc50 m~n.._"iI JIJ: '!f unp:l'!lin!(l!~'to,(.<;:[1 bl!ltt~eslad(1 1 de da un 'I!'~ikl],,J'il: 7 ,11,91;: ton"e:ntorl~"A;ls, mmo d \'CIri:iddo pesa 3",000 Lib!; que CiS eQ,ui.valtmie a, 1,,:50 2 l tm~, nto:oct':!i : e
I10S

4}ResWeooll,

II

:1Ds

,trul""lfllS:

COUill el ii.:<i~lliiniJ lrej,,~I:o, wes~I teilcia ~lm,culVa.s ~ 0 I:iw" es I'a, s

M aterl al proteoldo por derec hQS de [tutor

(~)
1'1", UA'(I()6iI"V1
F ~ {I,0fJ06, .'( 250 r:~, (50 mi 111:alilhrl~.", ]7 .SO ~.i~ :l:,
(ij, Nltsistt'!'!dO!

~uM

372.67 libs ~[ l'9.90 I!oo ·+41l:50 H~~ +- (l1~~~+- ,3 7,50M~:s'" 330. n Hl\'o.
) I "'):.ji[~1'" ."4,]0 HP

7 ,~IIt~.lIer,imientM po!)if:mdla (J~) RV t SSG "'. cl.c' '"

Ctl~),,7} II.ib,'OX J3pics'scg 73.,

M ateri al protegido par derec has de autor

'l~m3J 4,

AnalisilS economcos para mf:joram'j1entosa

construeoron d e catreteras

4•.~Co~t~~ die iJjp€:~lddn de~os v'Il~~:icul\(ls:;

Ell (:o~m ~11]! 'tl[Mi"Jci61il de ~a& vC~if:C Lllm.llrn~lliei1cul<iim. Cl1'!Srll F'::';,iiC (~DI>~~) I'J~looeser ,lllledLt!O""Oaf1(!~;t:.l:O all f1e~1!.p(),ron ~~~~~~O ere, iJ:l:iti su c,~J·cu.ioS~ d€'be .d~e~ni~1'~r: ~ :It! ti,[JoI[I de' C!!r:... . !t~rll
[KIT'III, qllelnmsil~ lCiU!r 'o[:l!I~rn_i'Id:~~ e~errn~~~d!o d '!;'et'i[(uln. ::i ~

e~mtid!ijd! de I:tj'~dm~Jw rocol"i.dt'lS,

,~i~pode Iten-eUJO Uinm:l.1Jo11,[lu]l::Jdu t

,~m";~:hit'U:I.~, C/:.IQ es sl es primil!~ill. get~~T:Ld:!lirhl, if't(".~ 6'~nol~tllfiil)i>oH d. ~:;l:d(jldl~la !"id (lmr::m}, ~1;;!!ltlllm~J:I.<1Jo).d ~ ~iptl) de 5tnllI'Cdicic poi!" Uaq~1;l se dl%flllZ~ el \i'e~j;f.ot:l~,]Q (a~j~.lto. tiarra, etc).

~ :El~~Iipo y (:<l1Ii~.u;:I!~~L"i'Ui(~Oli[i! les ...~~hicolm~ \'eh fe-Wih) '~i,]w.~~l(J,me~oos; re.con~!:IIC'i:!:f1i 9110, prede do d(;]\,11~'t!~C'_']:OI,\'pt;i1l! l'ItiL 1;ll;S~ de ~u.!l:~"4~i capil<lli. 's.ugl:di;f del Dl)!IJldm;~or~OOl~:s.ulm~e d d 'ooml:l:tl,s.t~'bk:s, c:.u"liIiiJiiO' cl" HiLIi1i~1l3en c~ tlrnQ, cflimltiio ~I:: ~ccit~ y d)e~1.4tisJ~brj"'!l_!l~C:5., rostlCi di:' rt::rJ-<l,ilch')f!-;:ilY n:::p!les;~oo. ~e.~'Hn~., imj:lo1J,~~j(l"'.,ildm~m de IIi!iO:iol"l I ~'fec~h'iIL~d,e~t:IIj1".iciQ~mf~t'io.

ben~i,kli5" ~.
LCi;"llillilfcnlld~ql~t(;t g.~ ~~IUm:Z~iI(:oitIO, r(:[Jlru~fil:~~:i\!{~~ p!lir::!ll tos .~mHh:i;;;, JI:: '!,I'(::liI~!,;!HillllQr ~:~Ii\I1Lt~OO'li';~UID!(lktlS!on. ,roo, ~Ugu.tef~Ws: ro:>tQ.~ tl!)ef!l:'~i~1al, de

]O~

C.lIil"iO

~.Niedi~:11.0~: Cllevrokf Opfilil

~ CMlil\r1' H r,lrHle: O)'-:s.~er tJ~d!1:!'~ [)liil'l

~ Uiti ~i Volbw~iglL:;lrIIKlnIilbu ~)'; • BlI~:}!.i[~'ro~cl~

•
B~Jll,l

0,,)62:

Ca'l.tlIil6~llil~e:_n:l' die,gruso!irrm: l?oJd P4UI'D

• Crn:~1:L6:nHg:etu die ga;roill: FOld .F-4fJOO

~ ClIHilli(J:n IIlt!.l.,,1Iim~o.; Meroedt':S Hr,jl~r. ~:~ I;" ~!rJ:; :eje~ ~ C.~liic5~~ pe..~ac!':t:): M:t:;~(,ldcs [kuJ!: ~] U· t~.'C5'ejc~ • C~J.1~it5111 ,afl,it[~ia(!(I: :Sc~jlli~

l l0!39

M ateri al proteoido par del

C'C

has de autor

o
2 4

6 !I

1.2
1.$

ro
C~llcii.ltD< !OOS'to ~~F.lcl6:n,"'1cih:lcuilj):r~ de~ de M&lHO<~ncllh}.

2Q

Com:IHwl~I!II.1: !~Co!>U)/gu~,6f1} (Rc::nil1i:UIlI, de] \'tlil rel'liu) »>XRemHliI1l. ,en }(tmJg]). I

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nORO [IE '!iIEHICtll!OIS j,tO'JA, DE FtEISU!!leH IG-AAI'!CO

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autor

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j\'!il~~irisde 'C!;!IlU!ddi!tdl y Nii,'d, dg Sc:nlid!ll

de [Ig,(;':lli"lililll!l!!I'l! SdndlH~.i!; l'rilllmti ,C/C SB ,(IEl"ntNlziw) -1E1!I~.:liIan' 'ISJi'l;t.tll~ii:tll!l'!.!tllllillil- Aii6:llIJlol!l~J

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Irazaoo de la carretera y criterios bas'icQs de dlise'f1'o

Estud.h) de.as R.utas

f~{I~ U1uestra vii!.
las (;!,IIP!"~S cl\;'

delllH;~li:tad"J! dt!,lin .... rt,rl~i!',":;Cilmo' Q

Mllil

~~,~lllfurm:u(;.i6n gwI6,gii~il del s:ndo

:h~

fUl)lOroC1;,

~\p;!ls;il1l!~~!~II;[It~'inaalflt~rior.la hlp(lgr:Jff a 'i '4~ dc!.clmim~1I Iii ~clG~".Cu6:1l de ~,~ nua q;L!lC ~11c""ftr.l

E,~hISI,iIIUU) C"iI:iluglitfi~'o MHillar It~,l.lllii para Hnlu 'cl~cITiiltlri{) :1'I~.cimlid lib ciill1:a" ~anO,~[;;U':i~l:I$ (l~lJl n!I¥,~l, iE~~l)t! ~;iJ!~$,~,~~ar! p re;(l~i:t;w'!c}!:l·:1,i, .. la [:5(~~(IOQI, ~:M~:th.K~ '~4r~<ipt:)d~~!lli)~, lr.ll'_:(I.i!; ese En d!C' l1J'UI~:;tm,~, I~.h](lifHnk~Gtniil relli rrili'll:llnl!i, f p

Elblhm'.m:~~ d~ LQs(:FQ4!,IuiS: Podc!OO$lIi\1'i)lil1U' ~QSpriu)Cros c.~~l:ldi~15dc l~n_'i' mw oo~rc.r1.1l'l]graf~ac'i fruru~ls d(~la ~,gI1:611i6 StlhfC'd. r"llln~)h:)j)i;l&ir.iI~,eu. I:KKll::mosSe:fi'kliflr r~ii1l:[i 6 \'ilin,r.i:ll, rulC~ d~ bi futtiru Vf:L Aliil

f] n'CtJjJlIICimiil';Rt~ es un c.alillleugcllcral del .. Iri!llUI. fral1lj~ u.!r.:,] '~t:m:llo quI;': l)lIm1, 6 sido (]CI:l;f~!li~nOOi1S por~os; ,c:r,w;lIlil!~s. ESle ,~cj,~J~et:l ,~cI Lt':fiIi1,;OO' !lo.!!PO:;!:iITIj~c;; d~~erml!1!;lJ: ~(l,SC'!l~~'fIC;lmSllllic;!s :5(~brcs.-~hCil1i~~ que h'II,"1.'iIFl ClIIl1iI rlLm,~u]l'Cdorll d m!lill.,Y:pal:i,),ob.1i~m~r d'a.tWi! o~Jnfllemcln;mr~o\i Ul!:'Ilue.;;;urneslml'i.t,'!., In!\'I::;wm:~e;.~!ln PlJcdt;[)~:r pc[C~:~M{J~,po;r IQ~ pl~Ii1Jo~ ~asf{lk~~)~fj~~ ·acrea~"C:on ese rooOll,Ocum.icuf,O' Hlnl!MC!l:i1 eY,~r (I se Ilti,m Jmi poslbles ~f{lc.m; q,tI e cmJ~lr~a Ilia rnm""llI.iil i1lll'noo;in muibiil':ime {:ilm,pat;~O<ambiil::!llIIaIJ.

Con!o::;; ,(j"~Q~ t,b!oe!~ ~do~erle~, :e~~ll,r~~YI1il!C!r~Q,.c! dll ~~~l~dimI~~e.~o,ger 1

con :!]!;!$ aelerm la

flilejQ~'

LlllIe,1iil) de ~!o!> ru,"\(,!lil(1IC:iiJ]:lieI'iM)S,p[dilmili~s,'s,c IPucdil tt:'vH:nI::tr~O;If'lJ'~r&fi~arneriwo primeras ]ine:ils las po~igli)~hdes d:e, IOqUiC ~e'iliii,~a,{~I~!~'m, IEsle le"'aI'i:mmiciiil)'lo~~fii;X) ,>"rr,~, t!(iIXl:!\12~:uif!<i di:oc"C.(:~6:iii ~~"iiil~"iii31, cl~ Il~ vla entr:c ,~I[I~ e:»HcH1QS ... clal'!t~J1JiJ~sc " 1018 ·C;il:!lctt~rfsl,teij,g ~Ojr<i~t'jf.rCii~ dc' ,~<lru:~<l! ColiCOg)&,

E.'iit(Yi.i~sl;llJ!dios,~opug![;::i£i,(;oS ,clcoon estar y~~ re,F~rioos i1i~II@:lin. OM CClIlUddo"

,S;e es.tfltL1;tliH""d;i;., 'vivien{ilM!!., ~@ndjtlo.~

JebelllJ!b~.c'lr t~ltk)~ kls au:~.denl:e!i dell rt::rre;rm co.niI0 ,~uiebre:;;, t1nmi.ente~ de <Jigu:!" hieadO:!l cl~ u el'6::nk'~J;S. y 1.d~fQlilt':.4J~.iiITOlfL'IS" riO:;, pti:eilu.e~. eie,

R«cmumda.ciones para. ~l!)oStra~Qdosprcnlllinares:

.' ]:l!n"~n;(ls ~hOll;: La m(;j:or ooluc:i6fi scn[l,UIil:il,Ii\;"lCI<1 que lin,); ~~~,do:s, pumns, ]pC:rn lI':CtL>j, de !ll!i!~, ~i OK'!!:li'll,;re,ml ratiga" e' hi~p~wsh;~I1;:flml!Uf;;~or d pI!it;!j,eiF~~Jo~~rli!:s.:aJt ~~:ide.rll'l!s larne!DiI!'lbJ:.:s. L,a.l'on,gituul de 1(l:;;I:rllm~ nlt'!lQ.lj debe Iim~~~r:;~ a 2: K.ms,

M ateri al proteoido par

derec has

de autor

.~ TCl?if\c:n,us !U[li!I~~II!1u~: ,Uitrmai:lilicliJlU1S(.'l!:lifil [an.!lt:n~~;

na Illl!ea d~ :jpe~d:iCJIII~e. a]ilUCillllbie:nta 111'11
lOOIl!.

~;o[1tll1; lJ)' m

rarss ...eces 'bJrimj]~J:l~l1Ifi hU1!'"

r,epeli~:aS:oCIIJn",OUl" IJardl!gall~D' los ~r,OOj; ti menta-

ih~$ te:>~I~nlIJliih(;"Ctlfil:i1Ulik'<U:, III.HtqUC ~1!~~l,ging(l

dc

~:;1 ia se<lllli~iI1lItlfICi!ll'C :l1iLaym .~ •.

'. '.Itcrn!D«'l mp;ltl;'!la~i~ar:nbl~h IW""",Il, W:~li!:ln)!i!l~ IJrul~'ti1i1t'1Sutl re:llllla, m(i:8 eoollJn~i'i,)() fCill~'lu .. f1l1!eoo, ~omo l'ill lo.~CilildlllJ,,,.diDl!. l!lCOI!I[l)lo'll!iar ~odll:li ]ac~ I1li1Jllmil~ r:ccaJizaJDldo ,exo~hio~ ~rlr.q

res,

U! ",cfit~ja d'c Los '1'~"Ii'(r!;iIIi!ill~ic"~i(JSMfOOlS es .qlJ!cfiiwdimlilt! 1"15foilOi\!ru'i!]a:. priidcll'l~:S~1~;SLi!;j,ljZJlr~lJfII mejar p,reci",iil~ III fo~m:JI, !:e!'iJ:i[l'f!,D, el 'I,ISl[] qille se .~f,,'; e:!ittLdmndo ,m, e!;Qs;I~mllln~,. los dilfieli~!!lles ~:ipC!s e UJld d ·:slii~i~~.l"'~o JiIA~IjelTIilllC.d!e~~Jliltiiii:iir ooli[m~~s I illS .~~Ilecdonair· ,~~ jllitjnr rulli ti~IIni;s~ alnSt!1LF;'acll1~~651,u~~, ·de :Iiii 'IU;Pt1~l'liI:fi'~y c!li!!slJ' y dcs::l:mi~lod~~QJ> ieI'iii\:HO$~d)i;i~Cliitt:c~ (I, hI :tmm.dc ni:icslrnvli':'l,
Suhre nuefoOt!Ira:s'[Qio,gmIT(nI,
\fi~'i.fli]lil;~;f las
podel;Jl05

~r m:rurnI:;:If;JdJ~, .~:lImmyo~tOi~I~ :~Ievarii 1lI1lJ;e81m C:)If'f;"ll!t'Ii:FF.II. ,que'

~n

flJlo,gmffa;:;

1Jj[~ ILt<UitUS'una

C:!'PCeiclk

ir,~IliIC:IMn:.Kl!u: '1l'.lI1~.t"():>cJ[lplnl' l

EI

Uilo(Iir;;~..~ealj'U'iliOIlli~!Ii.permi~~tlll~.r'!oliil en tres {j~!tlcfl~i1'onc::;tls ael'iilll~c~· ~c I

h} I~O<.I:tUM.Ol~r~~" It!

"rc!l,tlliOl.cion Y .,..~ uso dill k. ~icnr;). •

Cu;a!ldcl' ~~.f:L;,~l)jX~I1,~~~nln d~l!l,'l~!~(1 ~g.~11~\!ilmfl$" 1;.<J.hi'l!llm!imel'll~ Ci)!fl f~~~f",gral'(~~, ;J. ~~~,~ii. Ii!!

i~~fmlll'~ciOnQlnc~~d,H!~n~

I<ln~;a and'b(! .•qJu\;';pt'l![I~!f!1Q!>~IC'l;:ii:i(lm!r ~

],;:'1

!If!lti{!!r ~tll~~r~", ~glllr:1~h~d. "",1'01

Uuii.iIi

-,

~EIlEOOOOPIO

dorechcs d autor

Ing ..Hugo Andre,s, MOII',ales :Boss

I" N.• el '7 de julio d,e 1966, real il'cJ sus esrudloEl seoornlaJJios enl ei Colegjo lD'om i:ll'IicaflO ,[:l'aI La Sellre", Q,radua,ndo,:!;,(!1 de bachilll'D,r en Ci~n~~5, ~Let~a~, ~~3. _~s~J~ ~ 1111,geli'1'le;rla ,01"111 181111 el l'flS~II3UI~Q
,"ISlT!a

~aooenSanlQil)omingo.

los es'll.IIdiolS de [post-gnuIO I{'!!O Ad'miniS'll3ott}n de Ita CClI1iStruooon ({9S'9) '~ Tr,an.spone (,2002),. IEw1e11 aJTlb~!l PfO'festtlnfl.'l ha '~Mdo ilil;lI!'ollucl',adola I~a l:ng!l:fli'i8:fi:a;Id,e C I5IWluetEll r,as ~,r,aib'8Ih':! n thll 'elf1, La $,j3:C1I'etar[a de EslladlQ Idle Obrs'!ii POloliteB,S (SIEOlpi'pt, Con.s:orclO HSirris~Co~ndisal, Ira.nsvialsa ':i GrupOi Modi~kI'. AO~llIallme,nt!e as pmfe!!oll" de '1ingenieIlla Vllall y 1II,E!f1IINIli5C e impal'Jle ClUlfSO!li d'!! edoealci6i1 (}l]lnUrnUil eln e,l! area die PCIi'El:&UP'IiiJBStl:H; de ClClua;t'9ras en !!lI1U"IDlIersidades yell' COI)I,A.

~~iEb~~~~~~~~~~~,~~',:~ 'i eo la il'lsti~uc;;i6l1il pl,l!~If~o