A Matrix of Philippine Educational System

EDUCATIONAL PERIOD Pre Spanish BRIEF HISTORY EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES Apprenticeship at home Knowledge and skills Institutionalized religious and imitation Attending religious rituals and ceremonies LEGAL MANDATES PROPONENTS

The early Filipinos Rituals and ceremonies are were already civilized, consider as program that time before the Spanish came For conformity and conquer our country. They had government, laws, education, writing, literature, religion, customs and traditions, commerce and industries and arts and services.

Code of Kalantiaw Parents Based on elderly rule of the Elders chief in the barangay Babaylan and Katalona

Spanish

Almost 333 years, Elementary Education colonize the Philippines . Parochial Schools They are after the 3Gs Visitas (chapel) God - religion Secondary Education Gold treasure Seminarios religious Glory - power vocation Beaterios for girls Institutes Colegios Higher Education UST Collegio de Sto. Rosario 1995 World Youth Day - Mass in Quirino Grandstand and UST (Pope John Paul II) Collegio de San Jose

Royal Decree of 1863 (Educational Act of 1863) Establishment of a complete system of education in the country comprising of elementary, secondary and collegiate levels The provision of government supervision and control of these schools The establishment of teacher training institutions

Spanish missionaries

American Regime Treaty of Paris Public School System December 10, 1898 , Mass Education terminated the Spanish- Elementary American raging in Cuba Education and the Philippines were Secondary ceded to the United Education States by Spain for the Higher Education paltry sum of US Vocational million. Education English language was First Philippine used as a medium of Commission (President instruction. William McKinley, April 7, New subject areas were 1900) introduced -reading, Bring about an era of a writing, arithmetic, new form of colonial language, good manners governance over a longand right conduct, civics, oppressed people. hygiene and sanitation, Educational Act No. 34 gardening, domestic (January 21, 1901) science, American Established the History and Philippine Department of Public History. Instruction American textbooks and Organic Act of 1916 reading materials were Department of Public the only educational Instruction is headed by a materials used. secretary. Technical/ vocational Act No. 74 Educational skills were emphasized. Act of 1901 Thomasites were the Organic School Law of first teacher. the Philippines Grade seven was Continuance of included. public/private schools Prohibits teacher from teaching religion Act No. 3162 & 3196 Munroe Survey Commission in 1925

Thomasites President William McKinley

Evaluate the entire educational system they set up Concurrent Resolution No. 17 in the Philippine Legislature in 1925 Public schools were designed to promote the establishment of selfgoverning Philippine state, independent and democratic Act 477 Bureau of Education Act 2708 Government inspection and supervision of private school obligatory Act 2957 Board of Textbook

Commonwealth Period

Commonwealth started in 1935 with Manuel L. Quezon as the president. Preparatory period that would enable the Filipinos to deserve independence.

Formal Institution of the Adult Education (called nonformal education) Transfer the vocational-industrial education program from the formal to non-formal system.

Filipino language was Commonwealth Manuel L. Quezon used as the medium of Act No. 80 in 1963 Office instruction of Adult Education Vocational schools Commonwealth Act No. 4 were made more similar ROTC in curriculum to Executive Order No. 17 Academic schools (Quezon Code of Ethics) Celebration of National Foundation stone of Language Week every emerging philosophy of the August. Philippine Education system. 1935 Constitution moral character personal discipline civic conscience vocational efficiency citizenship training

Japanese Occupation

World War II It started when the naval of bombers attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii in December 1941. The United States declared war against

re opening of Elementary Schools re opening of vocational and normal schools institutions of higher learning giving courses in agriculture, medicine, fisheries and engineering

Japan . As a consequence of this war the Philippines was occupied by the Japanese. Because Philippines is a colony of America . For three years the Filipinos suffered (January 3, 1942 July 5, 1945). The Fall of Bataan (Death March) April 9, 1942

Executive Order No. 2 Jose P. Laurel - basic principles of required teachers to education obtain licenses after to make the people undergoing a rigid understand the position examination of the Philippines as a encouraged the member of East Asia propagation of Tagalog as Co-Prosperity Sphere the national language to eradicate the old idea of reliance upon the Western nations there was a strict to promote friendly censorship of textbooks relations between Japan and other learning and Philippines materials to endeavor to require that majority of the teachers were to elevate the morals of the governing board of any become condescending the people giving up the school, college or mouthpieces of Japanese overemphasis on university be Filipino propaganda materialism citizens to strive for the diffusion of Japanese language in the Philippines to terminate the use of English in due course Japanese language is popularize to terminate the use of English Filipino children went to school to learn Japanese songs & games

The march started from Mariveles, Bataan to San Fernando , Pampanga where many Americans and Filipinos died. The Fall of Corrigedor May 6, 1942 Corrigedor fell in the hands of the Japanese Puppet Government where Japanese Military Chief governs Jose P. Laurel is he president of the Philippines during that time

to put an importance to the diffusion of elementary education and to the promotion of vocational education to inspire the people with the spirit to love labor

Third Republic

Manuel Roxas is the the concept of academic moral character Article XIV, section 5 of first president of the freedom the quality of a person the 1935 Constitution Third Republic . During only universities that guides his thinking, Commonwealth Act his administration he established by the State behavior and relationshipsNo.586 (Educational Act of granted general amnesty religious instruction in the with others 1940) to those who had public schools personal discipline meet the increasing collaborated with the demand for public school optional and its an inner force that Japanese in World War implementation would have to inhibits a person from teacher II. Elpidio Quirino was be in accordance with what doping what is right to his shifting morning and elevated to the was already authorized by the welfare as well as to the afternoon class presidency when Roxas existing law welfare of others died of heart attack in the creation of scholarships civic conscience 1948. in 1953, Ramon in the arts, sciences and letters social concern and Magsaysay was elected. was for specially gifted involvement in the He is known as the Man citizens society of the Masses. He died for those who posses a vocational efficiency in an airplane crash in certain level of capability for productivity March 1957. carlos academic studies and are complete and adequate Garcia succeeded to the unable to afford the cost of system of public presidency after college education education Magsaysays death. changes with the changing time and the changing needs of changing human beings

Manuel Roxas Elpidio Quirino Ramon Magsaysay Carlos Garcia Diosdado Macapagal

His administration emphasized the

nationalist theme of Filipino First, arguing that the Filipino people should be given the chance to improve the countrys economy. Diosdado Macapagal was elected president in the 1961 election. He changed the celebration of Independence Day from July 4 to June 12, to honor the day Emilio Aguinaldo declared independence from Spain in 1898.

New Society

First Term Individual as a useful Elementary/Primary Executive Order No. 202in Ferdinand Edralin member of society 6yrs 1969 Presidential Marcos infrastructure development (road Governments book Boys and girls (6-12 Commission to Study Philippine Education construction, bridges, program y/o) (PCSPE) MERALCO, PNR, Education for all 7-5pm weekdays Nawasa, PLDT) Integrated System of High School/Secondary Presidential Decree 6-a Education convention centers Boys and girls (12-16 (amended by PD 12350 EDPITAF (Educational (CCP, PICC, Folk Arts National College Entrance y/o) Development Projects Theatre, PhilTrade, Examination (NCEE) 7-5pm weekdays Implementing Task Force) National Arts Center ) Youth Civic Action College/University Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 successful drive Program (YCAP) /Tertiary against smuggling Bilingual Policy Program Boys and girls (16/up) PD 1139 expanded from Commonwealth Act No. 80 in 1968, Philippines Productivity Vocational 1973 Constitution Article become self-sufficient in Emphasis on Research XV Sec. 8 rice production Responsiveness to changing Educational Act of 1982 needs and conditions Land reform was PD 1 Integrated given to 3,739 farmers Quality education Reorganization Plan of 1972 Philippines became a Non-formal education Bureau of Elementary Optional Religious member of ASEAN Education instruction Bureau of Secondary Education

 State Supervision and Control of Schools Minister Second Term of Education Culture and criticisms followed his Sports (MECS) NESC New Elementary victory (human rights School Curriculum violation, corruption, high student tuition fees, military abuse) January 1970: Battle NSEC New Secondary of Mendiola June 1971: ConCon is Education Curriculum held to review the 1935 PRODED Program for Decentralized Educational Constitution Development Plaza Miranda Bombing The 1973 Constitution was brought Proclamation of 1081 (Martial Law)

Bureau Of Technical And Vocational Education Bureau of Higher Education Bureau of Continuing Education

Aquino After the Marcos Adult Education Program To improve the quality R.A 6728 Act providing Corazon C. administration, the Non formal Education and increase the Government Assistance to Aquino events that followed Technical and Vocational relevance of education Students and Teachers in happed one after another Education and training Private education July 10, with lightning speed. Physical Education and To increase access of 1989 Since Marcos and his School Sports disadvantaged groups in E.O No. 27 July 4, 1986 family left the State, and Scholarships and incentives all educational areas E.O No.189 June 10, no one will lead the Free Public Education in To accelerate the 1987 country, Gen. Ramos Elementary and High school development of middle Philippine Constitution and Sec. Enrile declared ESCS Educational Service and high level manpower 1987 Article XIV; Sec. 1-2 their new choice of Contracting Scheme required by economic R.A 7104 Comm. On president to succeed SEDP - Secondary recovery and sustainable Filipino Language Marcos, Corazon Education Developmental growth as well as enhance R.A 6959 Provincial Aquino, the widow of Program their employability, Centers for Science and Benigno Aquino. She productivity, and selfTechnology took her oath of office to reliance become the new leader of the country in Club Filipino at Greenhills. She immediately set up a new constitution that was speedily written and reorganized. It was ratified on February 2, 1987 .

Even the entire

Fidel V. Ramos

National election was Early Childhood Care and grade 1-6 years old held on May 11, 1992 Development program National School under the Saligang Batas TEEP Third Elementary Enrolment day 1986. It was the first Education Project Increase in number of time in the Philippine NEAT National schooldays history to have many Elementary Achievement Test Science / Science and candidates in all NSAT National Secondary Technology positions and political Assessment Test Computer-base parties who wanted to Ten-Year Master plan for information serve the country. Basic Education Miriam Santiago was CET one of them. She was PROBE Program on Basic supported and loved by Education many of her constituents, Book Publishing Industry especially the youths in Manila . But when the votes from Mindanao were counted, Pres. Aquino declared the hero of Peoples Revolution and former Chief of Constabulary, Fidel V. Ramos as the new president to succeed her. It was June 22, 1992 .

R.A 8047 Book Fidel V. Ramos Publishing Industry Development Act June, 1995 R.A 7722 CHED May 18, 1994 R.A No. 7743 June 17, 1994 establishing municipal libraries and brgy. reading centers R.A 7731 abolishing NCEE (NSAT to NAT) R.A 7784 Act Strengthen Teacher Education by Establishing Centers of Excellence, Creating a Teacher Education Council for the purpose, Appropriating Funds Thereof, and for other purposes Aug. 4, 1994 R.A 7796 TESDA Aug. 25, 1994 R.A. 7836 Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994

He took his oath of office on June 30, 1992 in the Freedom

R.A 7877 Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995

Grandstand at Luneta. Under his term, a flurry of education reforms were being rushed to completion

R.A 8190 Granting priority appointment or assignment to public school teacher who reside in a brgy., municipality or city near the school R.A 8491 Prescribing the code of the national flag, anthem, motto, coat of arms and other heraldic items and devices R.A 8492 Establishing the national museum system and providing for its permanent home R.A. 8496 Establishing the Philippine Science High School System R.A. 8525 Establishing adopt-a-school program School for the Future (SOF) school using multimedia technology

Joseph Estrada

Erap para sa Bureau of Elementary Starts from June and R.A 9155 Governance of Joseph Ejercito Mahirap Education ends in March Basic Education Act Estrada Philippine Daily Nursery up to D.O No. 56, s. 2001 Multigrade Program In Inquirer Kindergarten (age 4) Policy on Educational Field Philippine Education Corruption charges and Preschool Service Trips learn basic things Impeachment D.O No. 54, s. 2001 through drawing and Contracting Program EDSA II Revolution SPED Personnel Revision of Panatang other playful activities 1-3 hrs of school and Makabayan Enhancement Program D.O No. 51, s. Collection usually in morning Resource Materials Primary or Elementary of School Publication Fees Development for Children D.O No. 45, s. 2001 with Special Needs (CSNs) Schools (age 6-12) revision of Alphabet and Early Intervention Program usually 6 years of Guide in Spelling of for Children with Disabilities schooling but some school adds an additional Philippine Language Standards for Quality D.O No. 35, s. 2001 level Elementary Education average hours spent in Payment of Teachers (SQEE) PCER Presidential school is 6 Bureau of Secondary Commission on Educational the level of primary Education school are grouped into reform Three Division 1.Curriculum Development two primary subdivisions: 2. Staff Development Divisionthe Primary Level and the 3. Population Education Unit Intermediate Level shifting of classes is CS-PST (Community done by subdivisions or Service and Public Safety by alternate Training) (odd/even) levels

TSD-MSP (Thinking Skills

curriculum includes the

Development for Maximized core subjects (Math, Cognitive Development) English and Makabayan) Teacher Training Program and other subjects Adopt-A-School Program (Science, Music, Arts and PE) SIP (Self-Instructional international schools/ Packages) in SRA (Social Reform Agenda) Provinces Chinese schools have BP-OSA (Balik-Paaralan additional subjects para sa Out-of-School Adults) English in the teaching Project EASE (Effective medium NEAT and Affordable Secondary Secondary School or Education) High School (age 12-17) School Based Education Indigenized/Localization of 4 years of schooling and has 4 levels the Secondary Education schooling is Curriculum compartmentalized RHGP (Revitalized hours spent in school Homeroom Guidance ranges from8-12 Program) including vacant periods Population Education NSAT Program; PEPTALK Bureau of Physical Education and School Sports

Tertiary School (age17School Sports Competition 21) Program either colleges or

Physical Education Curriculum Materials Development Program Teachers/Coaches/ Trainors/ Officiating Office Training Program Special Project and International Participation National Education Testing and Research Center National Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) National Secondary Achievement Test (NSAT)

universities amount of time spent in school varies depending on how many subjects will be taken up each day and how long will each take schooling is cosmopolitan subjects that will be taken up depends on the academic degree program chosen by the student

Philippine Validating Test

Arroyo Succession in 2001 Oakwood Mutiny The 2004 Election and Subsequent Rigging Allegations Foreign policy and war on terror Charter Change State of Emergency

(PVT) Accreditation and Equivalency Program (AEP) Accelerated Learning Program for Elementary Schools (ALPES) School Health and Nutrition Center Health and Nutrition Education National Drug Education Program TB Prevention and Control Program School Milk Project Breakfast Feeding Program

R.A 9155 Governance of Basic Education D.O No.1, s. 2006 Creation and Composition of the Student Crime Prevention Committee D.O No.7, s. 2006 Reiterating the Prohibition of the practice of hazing and the operation of fraternities and sororities in elementary and secondary schools D.O No. 48, s. 2006 Observance of safety Measures in Science Laboratories

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

D.O No. 41, s. 2007 Guidelines on the utilization and Liquidation of school based repair and maintenance fund under CY. 2007 Budget D.O No. 43, s. 20002 The 2002 Basic Education Curriculum

ANALYSIS:

The Educational system of the Philippines was influenced by the colonializations of Spanish, Americans and from the previous presidents up to the present. The educational programs and practices in every period have their own approach in teaching though others are the same in such aspects. The colonializations of Spaniards to the Philippines have brought structure and order not only to the educational system but also to the country itself. The religion was brought. The learning was transferred to generation and up to now. The Americans contributed more in making laws and restructuring the educational practices. As different periods and president comes, the curriculum is getting intensive and comprehensive that brought us new subjects and strategies on how to improve the educational system. IMPLICATION: Since the colonialization of the Spaniards, Americans up to Japanese until the different president comes, I could say that little by little, the education has evolved. Different educational program arose: Elementary Education Vocational Education Parochial Schools Mass Education Visitas (chapel) Secondary Education Elementary Seminarios religious vocation Education Beaterios for girls Secondary Institutes Education Colegios Higher Education Higher Education Early Childhood Care and Development program TEEP Third Elementary Education Project NEAT National Elementary Achievement Test NSAT National Secondary Assessment Test Ten-Year Master plan for Basic Education CET PROBE Program on Basic Education Book Publishing Industry All of that are still use today and still be using for the next generation.