115 .

-

2006

81.2.
72
. .
115 (). .:
, 2006. 160 .
, .
.

ISBN 5-87852-???-?
.

.


!
.
,
. .

11.04.2006. 6088/16
Times. . . 10 . .
5 000 .

E-mail: reclandra@mail.ru
- .
, . , . , 45 .

ISBN 5-87852-???-?

. .
, 2006

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 18, 19
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25, 34
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2. . +S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31-35
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
My mine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3. . 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
: , , , . . . 53
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
. NO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22, 64
ANY ANY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
be have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77, 79
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
+(e)D, if, + ING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89-97
- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
3 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 98
5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107, 116, 120
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110, 119
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134, 140
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149




( )
,

.
,
1998 ,

.

?!

!
,
, (= )

() () , , .
4, w
:
.

i, ;
. ,
.
4

i, ;

.


( !!!)
!!!
,
;
.

( !),
!!!
( !!!) ,
!!!;
w , ,
,

!!!
, .

,
,
,
,
:

city = .

!!!

!
5

, ,

!!!

:

:
full

,
:

= , : fool

= ,

= ,

: sheet =
(),
bitch = ,
: beach = .

shit

+ +
,
!!!
, ...
!!!

- .

NB!

( ),
to c ,

,
,
. ,
,
.

/
,
,

,
!!!
/,
,
/
,

.
, ,
,



.

,
,
80%

!!!

, !

1. .

.
,
, , ,
,

.
, ,
..!

( 20 ).

.
)

(: )
( - 27
) ,
,
+S, /

!!!

( 3 65 ).

Table tableS

: 127
+ 3- (!!!) .

. :
)
,
)
,
)
) ,

) / ,
/- /-.
:
:

20 .

15 .

30 .

=
= +S:

: 3- ( 65 )
-
70-80% , -.

+ . . 32 !

!!!

-
,

.
4 :
1)
2)
3)
4)

-
-
-
-

=
=
=
=

27
178
7
10

(. 144):
(. 93);
(. 139);
(. 142).

- (
) ;
) 43
+ ,

... !!!

9

 , ..!!!

!!!!!!;

) ,

()

()

21 ,
. 16 (: my = ),

/ ,
,
(
this, that, such a, an/a)

,
(= +S !),

, ,
!!!
( = 21 ),
/

(= (. 16)
,
!!!):

MY
MY
MY
MY

hand
table
sun
handS
10

= MY handS

( - !!!).

= MY handS
= MY handS

= MY hand
= MY hand
= MY hand

. .

:

,
,

(. 16) =
=

, , ,

/

( ) !!!

!!!

=
=
=
=

21 ,

-/-
+
( = +S)
:
11

1
+2
+3
, =
1
+2
+3
= MY clean, white and tender hand.
w
:

, =

,
(= hand+S),
(MY),

sisterS

(= sisterS!)

( !).

, ,
2

() -,
, ,
(!) ,

( !!!),

:
3

I + respect + my + beautiful and clever + sister.

12

We + solve + many + difficult + problemS.

w

+ + + +

+ + / + + .

, , ,

I + respect + my + beautiful and clever + sisterS.

+ + +
+ .

!!!

!),

( = sister+S)

= MY clean, white and tender handS.

w

( problemS) !

NB.
+S -, -.
,
.

,

( ,
!).
13

 ( 1-31):
1

+ +
(?

?)

.
- +

NB 1 !!!

- +
(?):

AN-A / = , -
THE = ,

31 l
!!!

(?)

+ LOVE +
+ GOOD +

= ME
I
=
MY =
YOU = , YOUR = , = YOU
WE w = HIS = , * = HIM
THEY = HER =
= HER
ITS = *, = IT

OUR =
= US

THEIR = (-)* , = THEM

NO
= ,

ANY =

. THIS =

(= +S
THAT =
.
. 144). EVERY =

EACH =
+
.
SOME = ,
-
AND =
;
SUCH A =
SUCH =
THESE =
THOSE =

..

(. 134).

: 31 .

14

* ( ) ,
!

NB 2 !!!

I/you/we/they

(!) !!!

NB 3 !!!
( !)

( ):
(-)

( )

Ho:

= I se HIS dog

= I see HIM

(-)

= We hear THEIR voices.

w

= We hear THEM w
()
(-)

( ) = I like ITS color

( ) = I like IT.

- -
, - HIS THEIR.
,

HIM THEM !!!

15

 !!!

an/a =
,
!
:
an apples a girls !!!

!!!

2
:
1)

!!!

?
,
, , - :
!,

-
( okay!)
-
,
/ :

16

2) .

( )

!!!
HIS
= (= )
NO
= * (. 22)
ANY
=
I can charm + THIS
=

SUCH A =
SOME
=
A/THE
= / ..

!!!

THESE =
I can charm + THOSE =
SUCH
=

,
(+ . . 137-138) !;

/ !!!
,
( )
21 ,

!!!

+ girl.

my any, the your a this !!!

/ ,

,
, , !!!

( ,
+ girlS.

):

+ + + = We + write + ANY + bookS.

w

17

1 + 2
3
4
5
+ + + .
I + see + THIS +
big
beautiful white elephant.

NB !!!

!!!

( , , ),

1 !!!

,

I = , you = , , we = , they =

(= +S)
(. 6, 5 . )

,
:

!!!).

,
/ (),

/
(. . , ).
,

...
18

. =

.
Those guyS
DANCE
here every night.

aa

1) ( . 16) (5),
(1).

(
I/ you/ we/ they,
[ !]

= We WORK very hard.

w w

!!!

(cat catS), (I, he ..),
(Pete, Moscow ..).

-
, , , , ,

..

( 32-38):
now = ,
today , =
generally =
nowadays

usually =
always w =
as a rule =
=

every ... (+ minute, day, week, month, Sunday, year)

w

: , , , , ,
. .;

19

2) . 16 7

(= , . .).

(me, him ..)

, :
= , ,
= , ,
, ,
HIM
= , , , ,
HER
= , , , , ,
IT *

= , , , , , , , *
US

= , ,
THEM = , , , , , .

ME
YOU

* it / ,
- ,

(.. )

( /:
, ,
, , , . . IT);

3)

( /-/-)

NO = , , ,
/

( !!!).
, NO,

+ = I see + NO
big
cats.

: + .
=
+ + = We + read NO + new books.
w
: ... + .

:
(= ),
( NO)

!!!
( NO new interesting books).
:

!!!

, ,
, , !

( 10 !!!).
, , 37 (
127), 2, 4 5
,

.

( , . 16)
,

!!!:

20

21

 ,

, 20.000 ...

+ + +
( ,
) !!!

/
:
I + carry + any + clever + monkey/s.

/
+ + ... + ... + /-/-.

/ ???

( !) +S !!!
:
this/that

these/those
(= +S)!

+
1

I
+
You
We
They
People

(= )
These girls
..

2
respect +
love
adore
hate
count
expect
carry
save
touch
touch
have*
..

-/-

3
my
no
any
this
that
these
those

4
serious +
clever
big
beautiful
white
..

5
friend/s
girl/s
dog/s
table/s
hand/s
face/s
house/s
monkey/s
book/s
room/s
..

() 5
( !)
,
()
!
22

* !!!

,
.
,
,
/
/ !
(. . 145 ).

!!!
:
: //// ...!
39

:
...
...
...
...
...
...

=
=
=
=
=
=

I
HAVE ...
You have ...
We have ...
You have ...
They have ...
These girls have

23

 /:
+ + .
We HAVE + many + white
catS.
w

w
: +
...
, , + ,
:

+ .
They HAVE NO +
big
white cats.

w
= These tableS HAVE NO legs.
=

(!):
////// /-/-/- =

= /////// /-/-/- =

=
I/you/he/she/it/we/they
HAD ... =

(= 2- ).
40

... /- () + = ... HAD NO + cat.

:
////// /-/- =

= /////// ... =

= I/you/he/she/it/we/they WILL HAVE ....

...
w

24

:
77 (. 49)
... () + = ... WILL HAVE NO + cat.
w

have =
(

,
):

+ () + .
I
HAD + (my) beautiful + girlfriend.

()
1

+ .
2

HAD NO + clever friends.

We
w

1+2

... +
1

+ .

... WILL HAVE + a lot of + problems.

... w

1+2

... + .
1

... WILL HAVE NO

... w

+ problems.

25

/:

/ () ,

, , , (-)
!!!
( have = 3
!!!).

1.
!!!

( 41-43),
,

!!!

: Tomorrow =
( 41-43)
,
The day after tomorrow =

Next ...
(+ week,
Sunday, year, summer, Christmas).

/ : , , , , ,
..
:
I
+
You
+
We
+
They
+
People +
These girls
..

leave
come
arrive
..

+ tomorrow.
+ the day after tomorrow.
+ next + week.
+ ~
+ Sunday.
+ ~
+ year.
+ ~
+ Summer.
+ ~
+ Christmas, ..
26

+ (= ) + = They + leave + tomorrow.

+
These guyS + arrive
+ (= ) + .
They +
arrive
here +
next
Sunday.

+ + + .
(= )
His brotherS +
buy
+ our house + tomorrow.

+ +
.
Many guestS + come + the day after tomorrow.

!!!
,

..

/ to:
1

+ + = I + want + to jump.
w

.
to ( )

to:
1

, + t + !
I
work + to
+ be
able
to study!

27

 , + t + .
Every day they come
here + to
+
see
us.

t + , !
To + do this you must be strong!

, !!!
(B 15 !!!).

I buy

very many

new English bookS

and magazineS

every month,

because

,

1

I want to know everytning.

w
These bookS

help me

very much.

28

I have no

,
close friendS here

since

all my old
friendS

.
live in different placeS.

2. .

( 15 ).
: 14 + 3
( );
: 5% ;
: 15 .

!!!
14 +
+ ,
3 : 1)2)3) = +S
( -
10 , !!!).
.
,
(: ) ,

!
10 ,

8 !
29

( 8
. 147-148).

, , ,

/ !!!

,
- 7 !
(10 3 +S = 7)
3 = +S,
+S
+ES,
/ --!

NB !
-E- +S ,

+S
- !!!

, , --
bush =

(= bushES = ) ?
fixES = ?
,
, +S , ,
..!!!

, bushS !
!!!
(=
=
= SH-, S-, CH-, J-, X Z-)
-E- +S ,
(. 34)
!!!

NB !!!

-th ( )
-e- ,
!!!

( , )
- -, -,
- -, - !!!,

:
5 = 5 monthS , a 5 monthes.
3 = 3 boothS , 3 boothes !!!

+S:
1) +(e)S ( 9+18 = 27

. ) ,

:

/ -E-
, +S
-SH -S (, , -Z),
,

table tableS
bush bushES
tax taxES = ;

30

31

2)

+(e)S

44

45

, , ?,

, , ?
(+ ),

He + readS many + bookS = + + .

She + planS + to + leave = + + .

.
,
/ +S =
= ... HAS ... = ... ... ( 47)

, , , ?, + haS

( HAveS, -v-
):
() + + = He HAS + many + friendS.
= +
...

+ = He HAS NO + good friendS;

32

NB.
McDonalds = (?),
Lays = (?),
Uncle Bens = (, ?).

( !).

+()S:

-:

46

HE, SHE, IT WHO?

3) S (= )
,

, , :
1

.
(= )
:
=
2
3
1
= My motherS flat.
2

? ?

S !!!

, ,
.
:
!!! ...

.
(= )
1

+ + ,

!!!
33

 , ,
:

( )
, , ,

2
1
My fatherS car = + .

, ( . )

My fatherS cars c = .

BritainS + foreign policy =

= + .

!!! , S (= )
.

1-
/,
. .:

() .

E (48-52) !
I:

, ,
(-)

, ( .)

(-)

MY
YOUR
HIS
HER
ITS
OUR
THEIR

II:

mine
yourS
hiS
herS
itS
ourS
theirS

48
49
50
51
52

( mine) c +S
(= ) !!!
+ ? = WHOSE?
95 (. 59)

, , , ,

MY

MY house,

,
,

YOUR sisters,

,
,

HIS
cars ..

,
.

2- ,

?, , :

= These books are mine
(+ . 39).
= Those books are mine too.

= These books are yours.
? = Are these books yours?

Whose house is this one? Its mine!, : Mine!

w

(-)

!.

, , ..

, ! !
I see that you wear
old
shirts!
Take MINE!
w

34

35

, , ,

 ! = Its OURS!
The money is YOURS, and nobody will take it from you!
w !
,
() !

( !):
Scratch my back, and Ill scratch YOURS !!! =

,
!.
: , !.

( !).
3 :
1)
- .


-.

of

= ,

100 %-
, --:
= the car OF Boris
= the house OF my father
, ,
!!!

+
:

+ of ,

he + of .
36

.
My brothers car = the car of my brother = ,


;
His sisters name = the name of his sister = ,


.
of
, ,
- ,
:
ranches

of trees

illions

of dollars =

(- = of).

, , ?
().

: he companies of our family = () .

NB 1 ( !).
, ,
of + s

(, , )

of + 2-
(. 36)

:
These friends + OF JOHNS = +


She is a friend + OF MINE = + + .

He was a slave + OF HERS = + + ;
w

37

2) BY ,
- :
A mistake made
+ BY you.


, + = .
The house built + BY this man = , +

+ ;

3) -,
,
WITH w
(= ...):
o eat soup + WITH a fork = + .

w
I built it
+
WITH my own
hands.

w

+ .

!
,
:

(= -),

!!!
12 -
(+ 53-57), k,

+(e)S
38

!!!):
HE
SHE
IT
WHO?

=
=
=
=

SEVERAL ( 55)

A LOT OF ( 56)
PLENTY OF (57)
SUCH ( 21)

MANY ( 53)
FEW ( 54)

THESE
THOSE

=
=
=
=
=
=

,
. .
=
=

HE + +S + MANY + + .+S
.
.

HE + seeS + MANY + good + friendS + very often.

She + meetS + a lot of + nice +
girlS +
It + + several + +
guyS + .
Who? + + few
+ +
+

+ plenty of
+ such
+ these
+ those
:
+ + + + + ...
:
+ + + + + ...
39

 !!!

-, , :

+ + .
SHE
meetS + SUCH beautiful guyS + very seldom.



+ + + + + ?

WHO + readS + SEVERAL + interesting + bookS + every week?

/.
,

,
+(e)S
He, She,
It,
Who?
(= , , , ?),

(= ):
+ + + .
Every day + WE + COUNT + our beautiful dogS.

w

(-) + + .
Their FRIENDS + SING + very loudly.

+ + + p + .
HE often + readS + MANY + old
English + magazineS.

= Our DOG biteS everyone.

(= )
w

40

!!!

( !!!)

,


(. . 16).
,

!!!
/ = , =
= .

( !) = :
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT

MY
YOUR
HIS
HER
ITS

WE
OUR

THEY THEIR

=
=
=
=
=

, ,
, *

= *,
, *
=
= (-*).

* , ( )
, !

41

1) (. . 34);
1

2) .
/
:

+ + .
HE usually
sellS
+ HIS fatherS + carS.

+
+ + .
SHE often strokeS + HER husbandS + handS.

+ + .
My CAT + always lickS + ITS pawS.

w

+ .
THEY read
+ THEIR bookS

2
( 20 ).

Our father

buyS and sellS

different old carS.

We help him
w
42

my sister washES them,

w

I fix them,

and our mom

countS money.

We have many
w

constant
clientS,

their quantity
w

constantly growS

and our fatherS business

helpS us very much.

.
, ,
/ !
1

: , +

t +

+ .

1) , (. 16)

( him);

43

2)

2
1
( t + him + to );

3) ( ..) ,
1

:
to + give me !!!

him +

t
t
t
t
t
t
t

me
you
him
her
it
us
them

+
+
+
+
+
+
+

to
to
to
to
to
to
to

:
+
I want +

him

+ t +
+ to
+

give

.
me :

, + t + + ! = I want + them + to + leave!

w

, +

t + +

+ !

They want +
us + to + buy
+ this
old house!
w

to to:
, + to + .
He
plans
+ me to + leave tomorrow.

44

-!
, !

( ):

me
you
him
her
it
us
them

, to +
I want
him to eat +

my
your
his
her
its
our
their

his

+ .
+ breakfast

, to + + .
them to remove + their + bed.
We want

3. .
( 30 ).
: 70 ;
: -
70-80% ,
-;
: 30 .

!!!
45

29

26+2

(. 51)

2 =
= 34 / =
= 34 (58-83 + 85-92),

:
58) ... do ...!

59) ... does ...!

60) ... did ...!

61) Do ...?

62) Does ...?

63) Did ...?

64) Will ...?

!!!:
1)

26 () (= 26 )

58-83
(= 26 )

!!!


(+ . . 75);
2) ,

!!!;

3)

( 53-83)
!!!!!

46

65) ... dont ...

66) ... doesnt ...
67) ... didnt ...
68) ... wont ... w
69) Do ...! =

70) Dont ...! =

71) CAN
= ,
72) COULD = /, /;
/ , /
73) MAY
=
74) MIGHT = , ,
,
75) MUST
=
76) OUGHT TO =
77) WILL w =
.
78) SHALL = ,

I We
79) WOULD w = ... ...,
, ...
80) SHOULD = () ,
,
()
81) NEEDNT = ...,
...
82-83) ...d better ... = ...

...d rather ... = ...

!!!

84

+ : than = , :
Better + than + me = , + + .

!
47

 !!!
() 26 ( 58-83)

,
,
!!!
: !!!
!

:

, ,

!:

1) ( !!!)

( ) !!!

2) ,
( !!!)
to !!!

3) ( )
!!!

, 1000
,

, , !!!!!
!!!

48

+ 2
27)

Take this !:

- -
, /,
,
!!!.
. ;

28)

:
( to !!!!!).

Why gamble? w = ?

, ;

29- .
= + 8 (85-92),
!!!
8

to !!!
make
= ,

let
= , = ,

see
=

hear
=

feel

=

notice
=
.
observe
=
watch
w
= ()

!!!

49

 8 ,
!!!
:

+ + + !
You +
make
+ me + SUFFER!

+ + + !
She + makeS
+ us + DRINK this medicin every day!

( Let ,
, !):
!

him

+ go!

Lets

= (-) !:

(= , , )

50

( , ),

..., / ... = ... him ...,

..., / ... = ... her ...,

+ dance = (-) !

Lets

to !!!

+ +
+ + ! = Let + her + dance

= I see + HIM + kiss her handS.

, + + =

= We hear + HER + sing.

(: + + ).
( )

+ () + + ! = Dont + let + him + GO!

+ + ! = Let +

to

, + +

to

Let

(= ):
to

. 29 (l)

.. !!!
51

 ( )
, -
her :
+ + , + .

/
.

NB.

, ,

Every day I + watch +

her
+ go to her friend.

w

..., /
..., /
..., /
..., /
..., /
..., /

...
/ ...
...
...
...
...

... me ...
... you ...
... him ...
... her ...
... us ...
... them ...

( to !)

..., ... ..., ...!!!

!!!

!!!

(do !, does !, did !)

, !

( , do !
!).

+ ! = I + DO + love you!

!!!
,

(= ) ,
.
:

,
!!!
to !!!
52

+ work!
w

+ (c)! = He + DOES

:
=

! = She + DID + come!

53

 !!!

(Do ?, Does ?, Did ?)
,

( ,

/).

!!!:

NB:
! ?, !
! ?!!!

2-
(Do ? Does ?)

/// :

!
=

DO + you work?
= ? + ?

w
?

Did ?
(= ):
?
=
DID + they work? = ? + ?

+ 1
( () !)

: WILL ... ? W ... ?:

=
?

WILL + he work? = ? + ?
w
w

= .

WILL + my brother + live here?

w
+ + ?

!!!

DO/DOES/DID/WILL you +

+ wash your hands?

+ - + wash ?
w =

EVER

???

!!!

,
(. 59),

DOES + she work? = ? + ?

w

=
!
///

,
.

54

55

NB.

!

!!!!!

:
1

1) = I know her

DO

+ I know her? =

+ ?

:
+
+
3) WHY + DO + I know her?
+ ? + ?
5

:
1) ( );

2)
3)

!!!:

1
2
3

1
3
WHERE + DO + you go now? = + ?
w

1

WHAT + DOES + he know? = + ?

w

HOW

+ DID

WHEN
w
:

+ WILL
w

you return + my money?

+ ?

+ DO + you love me?

23
93-112:

HOW MUCH

:
2)

+ you do that? = + ?

2+3

+
56

+ ?

?
?
?
? ?
?
? ...? ?
? ? ?
? ?
()? ()?
... ?
...?
?
? ?
?
() ... !?
... ?
()?
()?
?
... - ... ?
... ...

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Who?
Whom? Who?
Whose?
Where?
Where from?
What?
What for?
In what way?
Which (of)?
What kind of ... ?
What color ... ?
When?
Why?
How?
How come ... ?
How long?
How many?
How much?
How often?

} = ... ever ... ?

?
? ?
?
w?
w ?
w?
w ?
w w?
w ()?
w ... ?
w ?
w?
w?
?
... ?
... ?
?
?
?

... ... ?

,
In what manner? w ?
57

 !!!

+
3
:
1) ...? = How dare you + ...?
+ ...
+ ?
How dare you
+
insult
her?


:
...? = How dareS he + ...? ... ...
2) () /- ... ? = Would you like to + ... ?
...?
w ...

Would you like to
w

+ ?
+ come with me?
w

3) ... ? = Do you care to + ... ?

, ..!
+ ...
, + ! = Do you care to + dance?
+ ?
aa
:
/- + ...? = DoeS s/he care to ...?

,

58

(Do+, Does+, Did+ Will+)

() = NoT = +NT,

(= ... ... ) !!!

4 ... ...,

,
!

(4-)

!!!,


!!!!!

(= dont doesnt):
=
+ + = I + DONT + read.

// + + = e/she/it + DOESNT + know.

//

59

(= didnt ):
=

+ + /-/-/- = ... + DIDNT + see.

+ = ... + WONT + see.

= ...
w

,
,
,

!!!

+ !!! =

+ + !

DO + punish

+ him!!!

DONT + punish

+ him!

60

!!!:

= I read NO books.

: = I DONT read books
: = I DONT read ANY book/s /

(will+not = WONT w):

!!!

,

( 113-117):
, ...
,
...
:
,
...
,
...
,
...
1

=
=
=
=

}=

NEVER
NOBODY
NO ONE
NOTHING

NOWHERE w
1+2

= I NEVER shave.

1

1+2

= I could NEVER swim.

w
1

1+2

= I will NEVER love you.

w
1

1+2

= I see NOBODY
1

1+2

= He has NOTHING
= .
61

1+2

! = Tell him NOTHING!

, :

2)

ANY
any ( 118-122 + . 67):
= ANYBODY

: = ANYONE
w

= ANYTHING

= ANYWHERE w


= ANYTIME

!
, ,

( 4 ):

(-)

= I DONT see +

ANYBODY.

= He DOESNT have
=

= I DIDNT go

62

ANY =

ANYTHING.

ANYWHERE.
w

, ,

!!!:

, , !!!

NO = NOT ( +NT) + ANY;

1)

= DONT tell him ANYTHING !

1+2

(-) = I went NOWHERE.

w
w

= I can get ANY book.

NB !

ANY

= I DONT read

ANY

books.

+ + + + .
I +
NEVER
+ wear +
ANY
+ underwear.

ANY !
63


ANY () -:

() - ?
?Do you read
ANY
English
books?

ANYHOW =
ANYWAY w = ,
ANYTIME = , :

ANY,

! = Ill find you anyway !

w
(Ill ... = I will ...).

ANY:

at all = -,

( !!!)
, !!!
(
!):
+ + + !
I DONT count +
ANY
+ dogs + AT ALL!

= ...?
- ?
?DO you have
ANY
money AT ALL?

- ?
? DOES she read
ANY
English books AT ALL?

!!!!!
/

(+ ).

!!!!!
to !!!
( !):
= to

/ = I CAN swim w
= to

/ = I COULD do it
= to

* =

MAY draw

I*

to =

, , = He MIGHT com
= to

= We MUST pay w
64

65

= to

= to

= She OUGHT TO play in the street.

= to

= They WILL run w

= =
:
= ,
,

:

be

2
= I WILL BE + there w

I
I
I
I

will
will
will
will

be
read
write
have

=
=
=
=

()


/ ,
..

/ / = I/we SHALL eat /w

/ / =

NB !

Shall we ?

w
SHALL we + go to bed, dear? = , , !
= , ?

66

= He WOULD come tomorrow.

w

= , to

, () - .
She WOULD
play
if
she had
any
money.

= = ,
* .
WE* may swin in this
pool
all day long.
w

= , to

* .
HE*
SHOULD
visit
his parents every week.

w
= to

/ !
SHE*
NEEDNT
be upset!

+
Why +
w

* + ?
NEEDNT THEY* + leave tomorrow?

*


!
1- (. 73) !

67

,
,

(= ) !!!

,

:
1

, ,

...

( - !!!)
,
!!!
(. 67)

I* MAY

He MIGHT + com MIGHT he + come? =

= , ?
1
2
3
2
1
3
We MUST + pay MUST we + pay? = +
+ ?

. .

,

68

() = NOT
,

+NT !!!:

draw MAY* I* draw? = * * ?

= We MUST NOT pay.

w

:
3

CAN you + return

my money?
w

!!!

WHEN

/ + ?

= He WOULDNT come tomorrow.

w

, () - .
She WOULDNT play
if
she had
any
money.

* !
HE*
SHOULDNT
visit
her so often!

* 1- (. 73) !
69

NB 1.

NOT (= )
, , ,

!!!;

NB 2.
:
COULDNT you +
do
this for me?

+ ?

:
CANT , = ..., ...;
!!!
= () ..., ...;
()..., ()...;
MAYNT
= ...;

MIGHTNT
= ..., ...;
MUSTNT
= ...;
OUGHTNT to = ...;
SHANT

= , ;
WONT*
w*
= ... ( );
WOULDNT
w
= ... ..., ...,
...;
SHOULDNT
= ...,
...,
() ...,
() ...

COULDNT

*
wont w =

want w =
,

I wont want him to = , to

70

3
1)

( , ).

,
!

(= I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

1 ()
may, should neednt /

(, -,
!):
+ + =

+ MAY + drink beer.

= (, ?)

+ + .
HE + SHOULD + wash his
car.

+ + =

+ NEEDNT + leave.
w

WE

,
!

:

=
=
=
=
71

I
You
He
She

want.
want.
wants.
wants.

/ ( )



2)

It
We
You
They

=
=
=
=

wants.
want.
want.
want;

(. . 77 81).

2 ()
- :
+ + ( )!
We
+ ARE +
1+2
1
+ + = We + WILL

!!!

,
will , !!!;

3)

.

will shall:
I + SHALL stay + here
in any case!

+ + !
She + WILL be + there.

+ + .

/ .

BE + there

!!!.

, ,

!!!
( 3 . . 96 98).

. 48 , -
, , , / = will shall
, ,
can = , may = must =
= ,

A

!

3
(. 140).

-
( )!

72

73

 .
:
1) CAN

2) MAY

= :

BE able to ...
...

= ,

BE allowed to ...
...

= ...

= BE =
= , ; ( 123-127),
(+ . 81):

AM

2 ) MAY NOT BE NOT allowed to ...

3) MUST

!!!

ARE

= ...

HAVE to ... ...= ...

BE to ... ...

= ...

IS

be have

4) NEEDNT Dont/doesnt/didnt/wont NEED to

WAS*
w

WERE*
w

NB!

(= be able to ),

(= be allowed to ).

!!!

74

= () , ,
c I;
= , , ;

, , ;
, , ; you, we, they
, , ;

. ;
= , ,
he, she, it

;
= , ,
I, he, she, it,

;
= , ,
you, we, they

;

= ///// /
;
/////
-, - -.
.

WILL BE
w

* was were
2- =
be = .
75

 ( )
(, )
, / / ,
/ =
= BE HAVE!

+
= I +

+ allowed TO + swim.
w
w

= I + HAD TO + leave
,
2- be have
!!!
(2- = !).

+
He +

WOULD
w

= He + WILL + HAVE to + leave.

+ , ...
+ BE ALLOWED TO +
swim
if ...

w
...

Kurt Russel
:

be have,

,
:

(= 2- !!!):

A TO go

= , , ,
HAVE = ,
BE to / HAVE to = ... ....

+ + = I + WILL + BE able TO + run.

w

+

:
1+2

O = I

What + AM I TO + do? = + + ?

WAS

!!!:

have be to ,

= He HAS TO go

/:
1

3 (. 76) :

WAS/ WERE; HAD;

w w

AM / IS / ARE; HAVE/ HAS;

WILL BE; WILL HAVE.

w

76

77

= =

 - (
to ) ,

...,
...
...,

-
!!!

2
(= 2) ,
o
( )

!!!

!!!

( BE , !

, :

.
,

be

(am, is, are, was, were, will be),

,

have

(must = have to),

have

, , ?).

!.
:
= I AM in the forest.

:

(have, has, had, will have) !!!

!!!

to + be , =
= + (= !)

( , ...?,
...?),

, , .

( )

(: ?).
(!)
78

( , , ,
/ 18
):
,

, !!!

= I AM

that white elephant.

w

= She IS

our mother.

79

 = You ARE + NO black cats.

/// /-/- = I/he/she/it WAS there
/// = We/you/they/cats WERE there.
//////// =
= ... WILL BE there.

be
be:

ISNT she lovely? = () ( ) ?.

( ).

NB!
,
,

be

.
,
, ...

be
,
!!!

()
:
1

I AM that white elephant

AM I that white elephant?

You ARE + NO black cats

ARE you NO black cats?

I/he/she/it WAS there

WAS ... there?

We/you/they/cats WERE there!

WERE ... there?

... WILL BE there!

C ,
be ()

WILL ... BE there?

WHO

+ ARE you?

WHERE + IS this tree?

w

= + () ?
= + ?

WHEN + WAS she there? = + ?

w
w

be,

() = NOT
be (),

+NT !!!
be have,

(Not am :
Im not = ..., ...):

80

81

,
NO,

Youre not

You arent

= / ...

Hes not

He isnt

= ...

Shes not

She isnt

= ...

Its not

It isnt

= ...

Were not
w

We arent
w

= ...

, ,

Theyre not

They arent

= ...

,
:

... was not

w

... wasnt
w

= ... ...

... were not

w

... werent
w

= ... ...

... have not

... havent

= ... ...

... has not

... hasnt

= ... ...

... had not

... hadnt

= ... ...

... will not have

w

... wont have

w

She is NOT ugly! = !

= ... ...

!!!

NOT/+NT
( ,
, , isnt, dont . .),
ANY,

() (-)!
IM NO crook! = I AM NOT + ANY crook!

= !
NOT :
Im NOT there! = !

( 55 !):
,

!!!
82

I CANNOT work at home

w

because

+ .

I HAVE NO + computer.

83

That is why + I HAVE TO

w

work in our library,

w

(= )

where IM ALLOWED TO
w

use their computer.

I + SHOULD

,
- ////
!!!

be !!!

( there
there ) !

!!!

= There is + a lot of people + there.

make some money

TO buy any computer,

+ o

but + until now

+ /

I + COULDNT

3
1
2 1
2
3
+ + = There is + a cat + on the table.

find
ANY

+ + = There is NO + cat + on the table.

There isnt ANY + cat + on the table.

decent
job.

I.
, ,
!

1

There + is/are/was/were/will be

84

+ - + -,

+ = There is NOBODY + there.

+ + .
There was + a big computer + there.

w

+ (= ) + =
= There were + many dogs + in the yard.
w

+ + + =
= There will be + a lot of money + in my pockets + tomorrow.
w

85

 II.

4. .

,
:
+BODY
+ONE
= EVERY+ +THING

+TIME
+WHERE

+PLACE

=
=
=
=
=

=
w =
=
=
w =

= =
()

:
= SOME+

+BODY
+ONE
+THING
+TIMES
+WHERE
+PLACE

=
=
=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=

-
-
-

-,
-
= = -,
-

1) Some-
-
-: -, -, -/
- !!!;
2) -one ,
;
3) -place .

:
EVERYBODY + loves my body now ....

...
( ).
86

( 15 ).
3 +(e)S (
!) 10 (. 147-148),

.
,

...

4- = +(e)D

( -, -, -
),

1) T 2- ,

,
:
punish punisheD = ().

, 2-
(= +()D 2-
, )
, ,

= yesterdy
= the day before yesterday
87

 = recently
2005
= in the year 2005 2005
()
= last
()
= last time
= last Friday
= last Christmas
= last week w
= last month
= last spring

= last year
= last autumn (.)
= last fall (.)
5
= 5 minutes ago

( -
= all day long ,
!)

2- (= +()D ).

2 :
) ,
2- (= +(e)D )
!
IF ...
( , , !).
!
-:

= IF I paintED

= IF I WERE there W
if

be
were.
88

, + .
I would drink vodka
IF
+ I
HAD it.
w

= 2- !

: ..., + ( = it!).

NB !
IF

if , I He
WAS (= 2- !):
+ , ... = IF + I WAS there ... w
) if

will shall,
if

:
, = IF we PAY
w
() , = IF he comeS ;

!
2) , +(e)D,
, ,


3- = ,
89

 , - ,
,
,
- :
repair repairED

/-,
.

+D --
/, /,
/, /, ..
,
: ,
:
/,

By = :
by me

= ,
by him

= (?),
by my father = . .

. .

(= 2- )

(= 3- )
,
( )
+()D.
--,
+S,

:
(-) = I paintEd

, :
punishED = , / (= /),

/, /, / . .
/ (= +()D)
90% ,
!!!

:
.
Pete PAINTED this wall w
(painted = ).
:
, + .
A wall
PAINTED
+ by Pete w
( painted = ).

90

NB!
+D

!!!

178
=
(= 2- ),

(= 3- )
(: 1- .:

2- .:

3- .:

be was/were been).
, 178 - !!!

91

2- 3- /
(. 149).
1-
1- = ( , ),
2- 2- (= ),
3- (?!) 3-
(= )

!

,
.

1) 1-
,
?
(
?);
2)
,

() 128 :
/, /, /, / ..
(= 128 3- =

!!!
, !!!
178 ;
22 , 3
(. 149);
28 ,
().

:
51 , 2- 3-
(1-
2-
= 3-
find
found = found =
= /);

77 , 3

(1-

2-
3-
write wrte written =
/ /).

= 128 .
92

= 128
(. .. ) ,

,
) ?


(?) () /
= 3- ,
, ,
!!!;
3) , 51 3- =
= /

51- !!!

(?!) . .2 ,
!!!;
93

4) -
3- =
= () ()

( ),

,

77

= 2-

77 ( ?)!
( !) !!!

!!!

3:
1) (= +(e)D)

6-

+LY ,
(), :

hurry

hurriED

hurriedLY

, .

( ).
, +ING ,

.

)
=
= +ing
!!!:
smoke smoking =

) -
=
= +ing !!!
smoke

smoking

walk
w

walking
w

ride

riding

) , +ING

( , ) =
= +ing !!!:
smoke smoking =
walk walking =
, .

+ING (, smokING)
/ :
1) ();
2) ();
3) ()

: 3- !!!:

, NO SMOKING =
= .

94

95

N- !!!
,

-D

= !!!!!,

-ING = !!!!!

!!!
3:
!!!!!!!
() ING
()
3
(= !!!).
ING :

2) , +S,
:

!!!

,
+Y :
cloud
cloudY

.

,
,

,

ING .: . :
bless
blessing
blessingS

3) ING ,

(6- =) +LY !!!,
:
:

ING :

:
seemingLY
seem
seeming

;
-,
. .

border = , a BORDER state =

= (-) ,
state = , a STATE border =
= ;

96

97

:
game

hall

a GAME hall = ,

= , , a HALL game = ;
( )

spring = , , SPRING water =

= ,
water w = , a WATER spring =
= .
+



, :
army + division = army division
+ = .
,
, !:
house + number

= house number
= !

Street name = ,

..

,
() , :
mail () + box () = MAILBOX

+
= .
, ING ,
, :
dining-hall
=
smoking area = .

5. .
( 35 ).
4-


( = Past, Present Future,
)
= enses.
4- 3-
12
???
98

3,


Action = .

4 Groups of Tenses
(1. Simple Indefinite, 2. Continuous Progressive,
3. Perfect 4. Perfect Continuous),

4 Types

of Actions =

4 ,

!!! . . 102.
3, 4!

1) = One-time Actions = Simple Indefinite,

2) = Prolonged Actions = Continuous

Progressive,
3)

= BY-Actions

= Perfect,

4)
= Prolonged BY-Actions = Perfect Continuous.

3
( Past, Present, Future) !!!
, , !!!
99


4 3 .

100

HAVE + been + .. HAVE + been + being +

+ ..

. . .

HAVE + been + ..

BE + being + ..
( . )

HAVE + ..

3.

4.

!
!

BE + ..***

. . .

BE + ..**

, .

2.

} ,
-

:
:
:

.:
+(e)S
.: +(e)D
2-
.: WILL +
1.

:

:

WILL BE;
WILL HAVE

AM, IS, ARE;

HAVE, HAS

WAS, WERE;
HAD

BE HAVE:

(l):

* (..

(2- )

:
:

.. =

()

(. 91).

**

:
3-

) +(e)D (. 92),
)

()

(. 97):

*** .. =

() +ING.

. . 163 !

!!!

101

have be
+ c ,

1) (= 3- )
2) (= ING )
.

}{

HAVE
+ WRITTEN (
BE
WRITING
).
! 2 2 = 4 a ,
3 a !
/
:
1) BE
+
WRITTEN;
2) BE
+
WRITING;
3) HAVE
+
WRITTEN.

.
, 3 /
, ,
be have
!

( !)
be / have
( !)

!!!
102

():

(2- )

WAS, WERE;
HAD

AM, IS, ARE;

HAVE, HAS

WILL BE;
WILL HAVE

!!!
,

2- be have !!!
( was, were had).

!!!
, ,
,
( ) be have,

!!!:
. .
AM/ IS/ ARE/ WAS/ WERE/ WILL BE

} {
+

HAVE/ HAS/

HAD/

WILL HAVE

COUNTED

COUNTING.

( -, . . 102
!!!).
103

(. 104).

Okay!
. = =
. = .

1.
) .
/:

=
+ WRITTEN
+ =
=
( !!!)?

BE

-?

*) (. . 102).
( )
( !
) being ,
(= ing!!!),
:
, ( ) ,
/ . .:

/ /-
, ( !)

!!!

) .
:

That picture + WAS BEING painted + at that particular time.

w
+

+ .
= + + ...

WAS/ WERE (.)

AM/ IS/ ARE (.)
WILL BE
(.)

3-

(=
)

!!!
!!!
,

ING

, - -

/ ( ) /
, be!!!

+ + = The book + WAS + written.

= + .

+ + = The book + WILL BE + written,

= + .

w

. .;
104

2.
) .
/

BE

WRITING
105

!!!

= =
, , - - ,
-!!!
= +ing
!
,
...:
,

= When he came in I = ,

, = WAS wet,

!
(3 )

happy

= and cryING!
( 3
!!!)

We
w

ARE

We WERE
w W

smoking

smoking

We WILL BE smoking
w W

= !

ing

2
, = 1,
=
= +ING.
:

,
!!!

( = ING!!!).

( )

be:
106

=
(= );

) .

, (-!)

=
(= ).

=
(= ).

WAS/ WERE (.)

AM/ IS/ ARE (.)
WILL BE
(.)

+ING
(=
).

( ) be
( !)

, ,

(, , , , , ..)

, ...///-
- - ...
107

2-

..!

3
( 3- ).

He + HAS + STOLEN + this car

= +
*
+ ( . * ).
=
=
He + WILL HAVE STOLEN + this car = + +
+ .
, ,
-,

) .

, ?

?
1-

( ?)

:
We
w

HAVE

+ already
prepareD + everything.

+ + .
= = 3- .

I HAVE + WRITTEN + a book

= + + = .
:

=
3-
buy =

He HAS + BOUGHT + some

paper =

= + + .

,
,

108

, ...,
, ...!!!

(
!)
(, . .
!).
* ( have
= have has)

,
He HAS + LIVED +
in this house
for 10 years already

, ,

!!!

1) + 10
;
2) + ...
+

!!!
109

+ ( ) ;

I HAVE/He HAS/HAD BEEN + PAINTED = / /.

I.

HAD
(.)
HAVE/ HAS (.)
WILL HAVE (.)

3-
(=
)

have

(: have )

,
= ,

5.00
+
He
+

HAD

+ + .
+ WRITTEN + that book.

5.00
+

+ + .
He
+ WILL HAVE + WRITTEN + that book;

) .
.
, ,
!!! (. . 102):

4-

(. 120).

. .

I WILL HAVE

BEEN + PAINTED

. . ;

I HAVE/ He HAS BEEN + PAINTING =

II.

BEEN

I HAD

/ .

+ PAINTING =

+ PAINTING =

( ).
( 3 ..!).

I WILL HAVE

BEEN

.
, , - !
(+ . 102),

( )

(= , ).

,
4 :
:

1) , 2) 3-4) ,
1) ;
+ 2)3) 2 3
( . . 120),

I HAVE/He HAS/HAD/WILL HAVE + BEEN + .

= 3- be

/ 3- .

110

111

1-

( . 102).

(= ! =
= One-Time Actions).

, ,

( , 3 !),
-/-, ( ! !),
(
)
= !:

(= 2- ):

+(e)D

2- :
/ =
= Yesterday I PAINTED/ATE that egg;
/

:
+(e)S:

/ / =
= I/he EAT/S one egg every day.
/ / w
! = I always REMEMBER everything!
w

: WILL/SHALL + :

= I WILL EAT one egg tomorrow.

w w

112

WILL + ...
().

+ LIVE LIVES
().

+(e)D

().

.
(+ . 89-90):

= generally

= today

, = every day

= usually

= now

= always
w

= often

= rarely

= seldom

= daily

= sometimes

= once a month
w
nowadays

/
every ... = ... (every Friday . .):

We + SAW
+ this elephant + every morning.
w

+ + + .

113

2-

( . 102 107).

2-

,
(= = Prolonged Actions).
, ,
o/
(= ...)
/
(= ... ..., ..., ),
-
,

NB !!!

-,

ING
, !!!

( ,

(= 2- be + ING):

),

5 7 =
= Yesterday from 5

2
...),

=
(=

be !!!
!!!

(+ . 106),

- (= = +ing)!:

114

WAS WRITING.

AT THIS PARTICULAR MOMENT I AM WRITING.

= ;

5 7 +
.

Tomorrow from 5 till 7 I + WILL

BE

WRITING.

= ()

ING !!!)

= ;

, ,
(= c

till

, ,
,
, ,

, , :

:
be
(): be
:
be

asleep = ,
tired = ,
late
= ,
..
115

 ING , ?

ING

!!!

,
- ..!

/ ... !!!

3-

( . 102).

(= = BY-Actions).
, - - ,
,
,

3 !

( , ).
have/has

(= Indicating words)
:

had

will have

all (day, month .) long (, ) =

,
( )
, , .

= (, .)

right now =

at this (particular) moment =

( ,

= () ...

! (!)

from ... till ... ... ...

have:

= ... ..., ... ...

, -
(: ) ,
(= BE + ING ), , ,

(= 2- = had + 3- ):

, !!!

5 .
I HAD + COOKED that soup yesterday BY 5 oclock;

5
:

+ ...;

116

117

!, 3

10
( =
H
= ).

I HAVE + LIVED in this house for 10 years already.

:
+ ...;

5 .
I WILL HAVE + COOKED that soup BY 5 oclock tomorrow.
w
5
:
+ ....

(+ . . 102).

,
, ..!!!
,
(= 3 = ), /
/
, ,
(=

ING Prolonged BY-Action)

BEEN = 3- be,
, ,
:

) ING

( ,

).
( , ,
)

have:

!!!
I HAVE + BEEN WAITING

+


=
+

+ for this money + all my life!

+ !
+ ... =
-,

(all my life),
(= have) !!!

.
have (have/ has had will have)
,
, ,
(= ) !

(
= = ... have ... !!!).

118

119

!!!

+ (= ) + 5 .
By that
time

+ I will have + been waiting

+ for 5 hours already.
w w

, :

will

have +

+ waiting !

been

(= ).

,
Leonardo di Caprio ,

I HAVE BEEN in prison for 6 years = 6

(.. ... ),

you FREED me

=
( ),

and now you ARE ASKING me =

( ! )
to enter another prison.
= .

2-

1) =

/ = I counted/ate

...

= 2- .

5 7
7.34

5.00

/ = I

+
+ counting/eating.

was*

/ = I had* +
+ counted/eaten.

* WAS HAD = 2- ;

2)
+S,
=

...

=
=
...

WAS/WERE/WILL be.

AM / IS / ARE + ...ing;
HAVE / HAS / WILL have + 3- :

count/eat ...
/ = I am +
I

+ counting/eating.

= I am +
+ counting/eating.

5 7

= I was +
+ counting/eating.

120

(= +(e)D ):

(=

)
121

= I have +
+ counted/eaten.

/ = I had +
+ counted/eaten.

5.00

5 7

/ =
= I will be counting/eating.

5.00

/ = I will +
+ have counted/eaten;

3)
=

...
...

WILL + ;
WILL be
+ ...ing;
WILL have + 3- :
/ = I

5 7
7.34

will

,
, , ,

???

+ count/eat.

/ =
= I will be + counting/eating.

C .

+ ...:

+ :

I + CAN + BE
killED.

+ + (-) = .

+ 1-

2- (1- )
be / have ( ).

( )
() ,

( ).

5.00 / =
= I will have + counted/eaten.

( )

3- ING

!:

I + CAN +
READ
+ any
English
book.

+ + + .

+ 2-

( ) !!!

You +
SHOULD
+ BE LIVING + here.

+ +

+ .

122

123

+ 3-

I + COULD + HAVE EATEN + this soup.

+ + () + .

+ 4-

I + MIGHT + HAVE BEEN WAITING + for you all my life.

+ +

+ .

, , -
:
We + SHOULD + BE THINKING + about some drinking!.
w

?!.

:
I +
And +

COULD
COULD

+ HAVE DANCED + all night,

+ HAVE BEGGED + for more!

+ + + ,
+ + + !.

!!!
E-mail :

andrapublish@yandex.ru
124

( ).
1) -
1:


= 2- ,

( would ).
:
- : ,
()
(),
-
.
I THOUGHT

,
= ,

(that)

I + WAS GETTING MAD.

/
=
.

. ..
:
, = I asked what his name was.
w w
, () .
I told him (that) he was allowed to
do this.
w

125

NB!

,


:
, ! = I know (that) he said it!

, = I will never believe
(that) he said such a thing.
, .
I have heard (that) he is coming back;

2)

, , ,


-,

... W ... = ...

, +

+ .
I always thoughT (that) + I WOULD become +
a pilot.
w () W

, +

+ .
You never
suspecteD (that) he + WOULD betray + you.

()
W

,
.
He didnt know (that) he WOULD regret about it all his life.
() W
(= +

+ )

, + + .
I didnt expect (that) + I WOULD HAVE TO + leave.
()
W

126

WOULD ...,

will!

, ,
(l)
... that ... = ..., ..., ..., ...
,
.. !

= :
, = I told
him + I would come.

w

, +

+ .
I knew (that) she + WOULD tell + him this.

w

, ( ) +
+ .
I knew
she
+ HAD TOLD + him this.

, +

+ -.
We knew
they + WOULDNT speak
+
English.
w

, +

+ .
We were told (that) they + WOULD be + hungry.
w w
w

, +

+ .
I said (that) I + WOULDNT GO + there.

w

127

 , + .
I hoped
they + WOULDNT tell him.

(= ):
Heres the postcard
I THOUGHT I WOULD never SEND.

w

, () , () .

NB!

, .
, -
,
:
I read that drinking IS not good for health.

, .
usually BEGINS.
We didnt know what time the film
w
w

5 ,

( )
!
!!!

128

.
/
.


.
7 ,

, ,
(
) :
1) say tell
( say tell);
2) , ;
3) (= )

(= )
;
4) :
will
this
these
now
today
yesterday
tomorrow
ago
here

would
that
those
then
that day
the day before
the next day
before
there;
129

5)

whether w ( if ) = ... ...;

6)
1- (= )
to ;
7) Dont
e not.
2
Dont ... not to ....
:
She said to me:
We will leave
tomorrow

She
we

They asked us:

Have you
read the book?

we had

You asked me:

Where
do you
go?

=
=

You asked me
where

He said to her:
Come
to me!

He

told me (that)
would leave
the next day.
They asked us +

whether (: if)

read the book.

I
went.
told her
to come
to him.

She said to me:

She told me
Dont

not to
kiss her!
=
kiss her.

130

.
,

( , ):
DO you know him?

YES, I DO!

NO, I DONT !

DOES she know him? YES, she DOES! NO, she DOESNT !
DID they write this?

YES, they DID!

WILL they come?

YES, they WILL! NO, they WONT!

CAN she do this?

YES, she CAN!

NO, she CANNOT!

HAVE you a friend?

YES, I HAVE!

NO, I HAVENT!

HAS she a book?

YES, she HAS!

NO, she HASNT!

HAD they any money? YES, they HAD

NO, they DIDNT !

NO, they HADNT!

WILL we have a lunch? YES, we WILL! NO, we WONT!

IS our cat there?

YES, it IS!

NO, it ISNT!

WERE our cats there? YES, they WERE! NO, they WERENT!
WILL our cats be there? YES, they WILL! NO, they WONT!
:
DONT you read it?

YES, I DO!

NO, I DONT!

ISNT she there?

YES, she IS!

NO, she ISNT!

WONT you come?

YES, I WILL!

NO, I WONT!

CANT they play?

YES, they CAN! NO, they CANT!

..
131


AN, A THE (.. ).
,

!!!
, -
,

( ).
,

(= )
(
- )

(= /)
...

, ,
- (
, ) ( -)
,
:
..., ..., ... =
= - THE ... .
THE /

(= = the boy/the boys) !!!
132

/ ,

,
, :
..., - ..., ... = AN
A /,
!!!:
1) I se
2) I see

A girl;
THE girl

, ,
,
, !

!!!

!!!

AN/A ,
( !!!)
/ !!!
- - ..!


( !)
= !!! (. 138).

133

 , ,
, an ... ,
a ... :
A boy =

AN apricot = .

:
1) , h-
,
AN, :
:

AN hour = ,

The coat was green.

w

*
.,

*
There were holes on it.
w

*
.

*
mended with green threads.
w

We took A bus.
w

THE bus was overcrowded.

w

A hot dish = ;

2) U-
-, -.
:
AN umbrella = (-),
:
A union = .

2 ,

( ):

.

Yesterday I met A friend.

, (
) ,
, , ,
.
, ,
(an/a /).
,
, (
) .
( ),
(the ).

. THE friend had AN old coat.

, ,
the !!!

* . . 138

134

135

:
AN old man lived

()

in A small house

()

near A forest.

() .

One day THE old man

w

( )

left THE house

( )

and went into THE forest

( )

w
... *

to collect mushrooms.

-,
(= )

0*

(t) .

THE mushrooms were tasty. () .

w

* ,
/!

+th ,
:
4 = four = four+TH .
,

( - !!!):

+th

24 = twenty four =
= twenty fourTH.
w

- (7 ):
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)

first
second
third
fifth
eighth
ninth
twelfth

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

,
,
,
,
,
,
.

(the ...) ? 10 . !

, , ,
,
the
3 ,
(= an/a)

!!!

,

=
+th .

136

137

, , :

 3,5 :


, ,
,
+ + .
Ill take + THE thirty sevenTH + book.

= big
= nice

biggER,
nicER
..

- -

( , ),
, 3, ,
!!!

!!!:

-R , :

THE !

-, :
... = MORE ... :
:

= MORE
tireD
=

( +th 6-)
1927 -
15- ,
,
:
THE fifteen millionTH !!!

.
- - - ,
- ...

138

THE ... ( . .),
-, , ,
, ...!

(= +),
3
:
...

: +ER,

- ... ...,
()
+EST ,

... = (the) MOST ...

+ER ,

= MORE interestING.

= THE nicEST ...

=

THE MOST interestING ...

=

139

=
=

THE MOST tireD ...

old

10 ,
.

14 = 14
10
!!!:
- E :

elder

,
,

the eldest

,
,
,
,
.

old
older = the oldest = ,

,
.

, !
2 :

well,
w,
,

good

better

the best

bad,
,
,

evil

worse
w
,

the worst
w
,

1) - ,

more

the most

, ,
ee

2) ,

less

the least

oe oe,
ee,

farther

many, much
,

few,
little
,
o
far

:
further

140

the farthest

the furthest

5
()
20% = ;

(+ ),

!!!

andrapublish@yandex.ru
.
, :
8-905-222-31-82
-.
(495) 779-69-06/-07 .
141

) ,
(= +(e)S):

1) (27 ):
) , -
:
. :

child

foot

goose

louse

mouse

man

woman
w
ox

tooth

. :
hildren

feet

geese

lice

mice

men

women
w
oxen

teeth

=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

/-
/-,-
/-,-

/-
/-,-

=
=
=
=
= ;

)
:
aircraft
deer
grand
quid
salmon
sheep
trout

dvice
raft
evidence
furniture
information
hair
knowledge
luggage
money
progress
nonsense

/-
/-/-
()
(.)
/-/-
/-/-
/-/-;

- .
, (II)
:
I:

II:

.:

= I was born

= , = Stronger than me.

= + !
=
Let
him +
do
it
... =
=
... =
=

...

...

=
=
=
=

I have ...
Ive got
He has ...
Hes got

? , ...
No, I DIDNT DO that ...
= = I was punished

142

143

 = = He was offended
1
2
3
= a.
=
My mothers
flat.
, = + (-).
=
I want + to be rewarded.
w

(
paint = ):

1.

: ?

+S

:
boyS =

+S

O/-/- K?


:
paintS =

:
my motherS =
MichaelS =

= + + .
=
I + will be + an artist
= ()
=
I will
be
able (to)

1.

= () + (-)
=
I have
+ bought
= + + .
=
I +
should
+ go.

1.

= 1) + + .
=
Id like to
+ eat an apple;
2) + + .
I +
should
+ eat an apple.

2.

= = I want (to) ...

3.

+ING

:
paintING =
) :
) .:
) :

144

. :
= ;

= ;

:
= ,
= ;

+(e)D ,
paintED =
, ) :

) .:

= = I was told

... = / ...
=
I
like (to) ...

145

= (-);
= /,
= ;

= ;
= ,
= ;
= ;

: ?

+LY

:
quickLY =
.:
timeLY =
dayLY =

:
= ;

5.

+Y

:
windY =

:
= ;

6.

+TH

:
sevenTH =

:
= ;
=

+ER

:
smartER =
:
earliER =

4.

7.

8.

+EST

=
=

:
the smartEST =
:
the earliEST =

,
;

...:
=
= , ;

= ,
;
= .

!!!

(

!!!

146

 - .

(

(22 ),

bet
(bet, bet,)
burst (burst, burst)
cast (cast, cast)
cost (cost, cost)
cut
(cut, cut)
hit
(hit, hit)
hurt (hurt, hurt)
knit (knit, knit)
let
(let, let)
put
(put, put)
quit (quit, quit)
rid
(rid, rid)*
set
(set, set)
shed (shed, shed)*
shred (shred, shred)*
shut (shut, shut)
slit
(slit, slit)*
split (split, slplit)
spread (spread, spread)
sweat (sweat, sweat)
thrust (thrust, thrust)*

,


):

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

; ()

* .
147

( )
2- 3-
(1- 27 ).
NB. ,
2- ,
3- () ,
.

?
a)

, 2- 3-
.

:
bleed
breed
feed
lead
speed

(bled, bled)
(bred, bred)
(fed, fed)
(led, led)
(sped, sped)

have

(had, had)

()
()
()
()
()
()

=
=
=
=
=

( ve- +d);

-d
bend
build
lend
send
spend

(bent, bent)
(built, built)
(lent, lent)
(sent, sent)
(spent, spent)

-t

148

()
()
()
()
()

=
=
=
=
=

2- 3- !

-t ,

( !!!):
burn (burnt, burnt) () =
creep (crept, crept) () =
deal (dealt, dealt) ()
=

dwell (dwelt, dwelt) w (w) = ,

feel (felt, felt)
() =
keep (kept, kept)
()
= ()
kneel (knelt, knelt) ()
= ;

mean (meant, meant) () =

meet (met, met)
()
= (-)
=
shoot (shot, shot)
()
sleep (slept, slept) () =
smell (smelt, smelt) () = ,
spell (spelt, spelt) () =

spill (spilt, spilt)
() = (-),
(-)
sweep (swept, swept) w (w) = ,
weep (wept, wept) w (w) = .

149

2- 3-
(2- 18 + 6 ).

)

2- =
3- =
.

1- .

?
)

,
2- 3-

,
( ):

?
- ,
!.
2-3-
-ought = -oo:

1- .: 2- . = 3- .:

cling
dig
fight
find
grind
hold
say

(clung, clung)
(dug, dug)
(fought, fought)
(found, found)
(ground, ground)
(held, held)
(said, said)

sell

(sold, sold)

shine
sit
slide
spin

stand
stick
sting
swing
win
wind

()
()
()
()
()
()
()

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

()

= ()

(shone, shone)
(sat, sat)
(slid, slid)
(spun, spun)

()
()
()
()

=
=
=
=

(stood, stood)
(stuck, stuck)
(stung, stung)
(swung, swung)
(won, won)
(wound, wound)

w
w
w

()
()
()
(w)
(w)
(w)

=
=
=
=
=
=

( : y i)
( +d)

150

;
(-)

;
;

bring (brought, brought) () =

buy
(bought, bought)
() =
catch (cought, cought) () = ;
, ;
seek (sought, sought) () =
teach (taught, taught)
() = ,
think (thought, thought) () = .

NB !

5 ,
.

.

- :

www.dragunkin.ru
151

. .

( 2- 3- 55 ):
)

3 ?

! 3-
:

become (became, become) (, ) =

=
come (came, come)
(, ) = ,
run
(ran, run)
(, ) = , ;
)

?
,
2- +D,
3- = +N:
lade
mow
rive
saw
shave
show
sow
strew
swell

(laded, laden)
(mowed, mown)
(rived, riven)
(sawed, sawn)
(shaved, shaven)
(showed, shown)
(sowed, sown)
(strewed, strewn)
(swelled, swllen)

(, )
(, )
(, )
(, )
(, )
(, )
(, )
(, )
w (w, w)

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

()
()

()

arise (arose, arisen)

bear (bore, born)
bear (bore, borne)

(, ) =

(, )
= ()

(, )
= ,
152

beat
begin
blow
break
choose
do
draw
drive

(beat, beaten)
(began, begun)
(blew, blown)
(broke, broken)
(chose, chosen)
(did, done)
(drew, drawn)
(drove, driven)

(, ) =
(, ) =
(, ) =
(, ) =
(, )
=
(, )
=
(, ) =
(, ) =

()

;
;
()
eat
(ate, eaten)
(, )
= ,
fall
(fell, fallen)
(, )
=
fly
(flew, flown)
(, ) =
forbear(forbore, forborne) (, ) =
forget (forgot, forgotten) (, ) = ()
freeze (froze, frozen)
(, ) =
give (gave, given)

(, )
= ()
go*
(went*, gone)

(w, )
= ;
grow (grew, grown)
(, )
=
know (knew, known)

(, )
=
lie
(lay, lain)

(, )
=
ride (rode, ridden)
(, )
= ()
ring (rang, rung)
(, )
=
rise (rose, risen)
(, ) = ()
see
(saw, seen)

(, )
= ,
shake (shook, shaken) (, ) =
sing (sang, sung)

(, )
=
slay (slew, slain)

(, )
= ()
speak (spoke, spoken) (, ) =
spring (sprang, sprung) (, ) =
steal (stole, stolen)
(, ) = ()
stink (stank, stunk)
(, ) =
stride (strode, stridden) (, ) =
strive (strove, striven) (, ) =
153

swear
swim
take
tear
throw
wear
weave
write

(swore, sworen)
(swam, swum)
(took, taken)
(tore, torn)
(threw, thrown)
(wore, worn)
(wove, woven)
(wrote, written)

w
w

w
w

(w, w)
(w, w)
(, )
(, )
(, )
(w, w)
(w, w)
(, )

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

,
,

()

().

* :
2- go
(= went w = )

wend, !
, (. . 162)!
70%
, /
.

NB !

( .
! =
= 29 ).
, , ,

2- 3-
- !
(. ).

!
,

!,
()
!
1-
:
():

2-
(. ):

3-
():

awake
w

awoke
w

awaked/awoke
w, w

bid

= ;

bid/bade
,

bid/bidden
,

bind

bound

bound/bounden*
,

E-mail: oskaro@mail.ru

bite

bit

bit /bitten
,

cleave

clave/cleft
,

.
.

.: (495) 779-69-06/-07
.

154

155

cleft

dare

dared/durst
,

dared

quit
w

quitted/quit
w, w

quitted/quit
w, w

dream

dreamed/dreamt
,

dreamed/dreamt
,

rot

rotted

rotted/rotten*
,

drink

drank

drunk/drunken
,

seethe

seethed

seethed/sodden
,

get

got

got/gotten*
,

sew

sewed

sewed/sewn*
,

grave

graved

graved/graven*
,

shrink = () shrank

shrunk/shrunken*
,

hang

hanged/hung
,

hanged/hung
,

sink

sank

sunk/sunken*
,

hide

hid

hid/hidden*
,

spit

spit/spat
,

spat

lean

leaned/leant
,

leaned/leant
,

spoil

spoiled/spoilt
,

spoiled/spoilt
,

learn

learned

learned/learnt*
,

strike
=

struck

struck/stricken*
,

light

lighted/lit
,

lighted/lit
,

thrive

thrived/throve
,

thrived/thriven
,

melt

melted

melted/molten*
,

tread

trod

trod/trodden
,

owe

= owed/ought
,

owed

work
w

worked/wrought
w,

worked/wrought.
w,

156

()

157



( ):

* , ,

,

:
)

A SUNKEN

ship

A LEARNT

scholar = .

WROUGHT iron

= .

= ;

) ,
:
An horror-STRICKEN man = ,

(= -).

NB !
. :
,
!,
,
,

..

158

abide
(abode, abode)

()

beget
(begot, begotten)

(, )

behold
(beheld, beheld)

()

beseech
(besought, besought)

()

chide
(chid, chid/chidden)

(, /)

fling
(flung, flung)

()

forsake
(forsook, forsaken)

(, )

= ,
=

gild
(gilded, gilded/gilt*)

=
(, /)

gird
(girded/girt, girt)

= ()
(/, )

hew

=
(hewed, hewed/hewn*)
(, /)
ken**
(kent, kent)

()
159

rend
(rent, rent)

()

=
shear

(sheared, sheared/shorn*) (, /)
sling
(slung, slung)

()

=
( )

slink
(slunk, slunk)

()

smite
(smote, smit/smitten)

=
(, /)

stave

(staved/stove, staved/stove) (, )

string
(strung, strung)

()

= ()

wend**
(went, went)

w
(w)

wring
(wrung, wrung)

()

= ().

* 3-
;
** ,
/ went
2- go.
, !
!!!
160