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What is Culture?
To culture is to cultivate, as in agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture, sericulture, beauty culture, voice culture, etc. Any activity, product or expression attained through the application of human skill is CULTURE, that which is not is NATURE, such as trees, rivers, mountains, birds.
In its broadest sense, culture may be defined as: Way of life, a design for living Shared patterns of behavior and meaning, of expectations and responses Shared system of vital ideas about the world
In Philippine culture, there is an underlying belief in the shared identity of human beings.
Individual existence is only apparent and relative. For we all exist within a cosmic matrix of being at the deepest center of which is a creative living principle or energic process (kalooban ng Maylikha).
KAPWA
SHARED IDENTITY (Shared Inner Self, The other person is also yourself, Shared Goodness/ Divinity) the core of Filipino psychology, it is humaneness at the highest level implies unique moral obligation to treat one another as equal fellow human beings
Treat the other person as you treat yourself because the other person is also yourself - Filipino core idea
IN LAK'ECH
YUCATEC MAYAN CODE OF HONOR:
If there is no other there is no war In Filipino psychology, there is no concept of the other in the other person. The other(kapwa) is also yourself. This makes Filipinos a highly relational and essentially nonconfrontational people, as monumentally demonstrated in the peaceful EDSA Revolution (If there is no other there is no war Ivana Milojevic).
Unlike pakikisama, pakikipagkapwa has no negative connotation. The more one engages in it, the more the goodness in the persons involved is evoked from within. Thus kapwa is an inner principle of shared goodness/Godness (both words having the same etymology), not just shared identity. Through the revelation of our potential for shared goodness, the process of kapwa affirms and recognizes the ultimate oneness of
Principle of Integration
Pakikipagkapwa, in principle, excludes any action that may be detrimental or harmful to other human beings. It is definitely inconsistent with exploitative human transactions. It is the capacity to recognize the good in every human being and integrate oneself within the widest social fabric.
PAKIRAMDAM
SHARED INNER PERCEPTION (Knowing Through Feeling or Tacit Knowing; Participatory Sensitivity) A unique social skill inherent in Filipino personhood The need for openness and basic trust is a precondition for this active process of sensing subtle cues
Sharing of Moods and Feelings Pakikiramdam is the ability to participate in the inner life process or monitor the flow of feelings in others, especially if deeper feelings are involved. This is the source of the much vaunted Filipino affinity with the underdog, melodrama, and sentimental and compassionate nature.
KAGANDAHANG LOOB
SHARED HUMANITY (Pagkamakatao; A Shared Inner Nobility; A Quiet Sense of Responsibility for Others; A Great Compassion for All Living Beings) Nudges a person towards genuine acts of generosity, kindness and caring
PAKIKITUNGO (courtesy) PAKIKISALAMUHA (mixing) PAKIKILAHOK (joining) PAKIKIBAGAY (adapting) PAKIKISAMA (getting along
with)
PAKIKISAMA
DEEPEST LEVEL OF INVOLVEMENT WITH ANOTHER PERSON STILL CONSIDERED AN OUTSIDER (IBANG TAO) Characteristic tendencies of this trait are giving in to another persons wish, demands, wants or desires. The motive for this could be politeness or expectation of future concessions or immediate rewards
PAKIKIPAGPALAGAYANG-LOOB (rapport) PAKIKISANGKOT (co-involvement) PAKIKIISA (oneness, unity with) Here the goal of Pakikipagkapwa is realized
FILIPINOS ACHIEVE MATURITY THROUGH SOCIAL INTEGRATION ARE EXCEEDINGLY ACTIVE AND CREATIVE IN SOCIAL RELATIONS, ALWAYS EXPLORING NEWER AND RICHER WAYS OF HARMONIZING AND CONNECTING WITH OTHERS Filipinos are masters of interpersonal skills Pakiramdam makes Filipinos adept in non-verbal communication
Makuha Ka Sa Tingin
88 WAYS OF LOOKING IN TAGALOG
TINGIN to look DILAT, PANDILATAN stare squarely at MASID, MASDAN observe or look at searchingly MALAS observing look MATYAG close observation LIYAW to spy, watch, observe
ANINAG see thru a transparent or translucent medium ANINAW see thru a haze TANGHOD to look fascinatedly TANGA, TUMANGA to look at something absentmindedly SULILING to glance sideways, affectedly or disdainfully MATA, MATAHIN to look at something with critical eyes, condescendingly
SILAY briefly but seriously TITIG steadfastly and fixedly IRAP with annoyance LISIK sparkling of the eyes as when one is extremely irked or irritated LIING to look out of the corner of ones eyes MUSING with a frown SULI vexedly DAYAP with an evil eye
ILAM to look sideways SULYAP sidewise quickly DUNGSOL look again and again LINGAP cast a glance LINGA look here and there as if searching for something LINGI, LINGIGIG look here and there, worriedly because of some noise LINGOS here and there, unmindfully
BALILILING with a turn of the head LINGON over ones shoulders TUNGO downwards TINGALA upwards SIPAT looking over (a surface) to check levelness, (or a line, row) to check alignment SUMIK looking as if listening BANTAY to look at what is ones own (to keep an eye on)
TANAW looking from a distance TANGHAL looking from a distance contemplating the beauty or grandeur of something NOOD to look at something that brings delight TINGHAD strain ones neck in order to see an object not on the level of ones eyes MULAGAT stare SILIP peep
SIGLAP superficial, accidental glance without much attention SIGLAW glimpse; involuntary passing notice PATUMANGA or DANGA look born of awe or dread LISAW disquieting look because of anger LILAP peculiar flushing of the eyes of drunks TUNGANGA open-mouthed curiosity or indifference
BALING look from one side to another SULINDING, PASULINDING glance obliquely, superciliously MANGANINO, MANALAMIN to look into a mirror SILAW dazzled ALIBAY follow a moving object with ones eyes BANAAG glimpse, have a glimmer of MULAT open eyed At marami pang iba
FILIPINOS AT THEIR BEST - ARE A HIGHLY NURTURING, CARING, SHARING PEOPLE, WITH A STRONG MATERNAL ORIENTATION, AND DEFINITELY NOT LONERS.
Filipinos, because of their genius in interpersonal communication and a
Togetherness is happiness
Filipinos hardly eat alone Invite a person to your party, how many will come? Bantay(watcher) & extra bed Prizes for everybody Do not praise small items Juan Flavier
Pabalot, balato, bonus (forms of sharing) Pasalubong( quasi-sacred ritual: gift from a journey) Cannot keep secrets Relational terms for calling each other Texting and facebook capital of the world No isolated notes (hagod, slides, scooping)
Pitch Relations Reflect People Relations In individualistic cultures where people preserve their private space and separateness from others, musical pitches also tend to be discrete or isolated from each other. In communal cultures where togetherness and connectedness with others is highly valued, musical pitches tend to be bridged by slides or a microtonal continuum.
Study after study has shown that feeling connected with people is extremely important for physical and mental health.
Suicide,alcoholism and mental illness rates are much higher among people living alone A massive study confirmed that those with the fewest close friends, relatives and social connections are 2 to 3 x more likely to die earlier than those
People with poor social connections are four times more likely to come down with cold symptoms than people with a lot of friends Couples often die one after another. This is true esp. if they were very close when they were alive and thus became too emotionally dependent on one another. A widowed persons
The toxic effects of loneliness are confirmed by insurance statistics and numerous scientific studies. Loners are 16 x more cancer prone. Having real friends and enjoying life with them can lengthen your life by as much as 9 years. Just being married makes a 5-year difference in your life expectancy. If your spouse is also your best friend that adds 14 yrs. to your life.
Selfless love is absolutely necessary for the survival of newborn babies and for their healthy growth Human immune systems function well only when basic emotional needs such as acceptance and love are met
If Filipinos love to connect to people, then they will enjoy and excel in activities that bring people together. The more an object, activity, event, ritual, tradition, institution, or idea connects us to one another, the more Filipino it is.
MULTI-SIGNIFICANCE:
Bringing People Together
An effective Filipino tool for connecting people to each other is to endow an activity, presentation or creation with as many different meanings, functions and qualities as possible.
FILIPINO PROXEMICS OF PRIVACY To be alone a German needs four thick walls which shut off all light and sound from the outside. A Japanese needs only thin paper screens A Filipino does not need a physical structure to spend time alone. All that is needed is for him to stay in a corner and keep quiet. This is proof that even in our precious moments of solitude, we are still willing to share our whole being, should the need arise
In Filipino culture, guests may roam anywhere inside or outside the house, even in the bedrooms
Windows all around ancestral houses Aliwalas, airy spaciousness and openness of interiors Space surrounds space High value placed on being natural, informal, personal
Among the highest-income groups of 13 countries in Asia, Filipinos most prefer to stay and relax at home as a mode of leisure Filipinos most remember their spouses birthday. 95% always remember. 3% remember most of the time. Filipinos call their spouses with the highest frequency (66% are daily callers), followed by Indonesians and Malaysians-FEER
EXPRESSIVENESS: Maximalism
The common Filipino is a maximalist, filling up every available space with forms and things. It springs from an expressive exuberance deeply rooted in emotional sensitivity and the strong urge to connect.
EXPRESSIVENESS: Uslawit
Enhancing Filipino expressiveness is uslawit, ornaments that protrude (usli) and hang (lawit). When the body moves or the wind blows uslawit dances as well. Filipinos everywhere love uslawit.
Dancing Inmates.mp4
Package
A CELEBRATION OF SENTIMENTS
(OR FEELINGS THAT CONNECT)
Filipino popular culture is the culture of devotion to the family and sanctity of the home, which is its source of strength. Thus, ancestors are revered and the ancestral house has become a symbol of family continuity and stability.
Within the community, every family strives to establish and assure its social position (mabuting puwesto), stability and respectability; its security, safety, and power through family honor, accomplishments and by developing strong social and political connections.
FILIPINOS LIKE TO EXPERIENCE THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL WHOLENESS OF LIFE FILIPINOS DO NOT LIKE A PARTIAL, FRAGMENTED VIEW OF LIFE; AND RESPOND TO LIFE SYNERGISTICALLY (COOPERATIVE ACTION OF ALL THE SENSES, FACULTIES, OR LEVELS OF BEING) A FILIPINO IS NOT HAPPY JUST KNOWING ANOTHER PERSONS NAME. HE WOULD ALSO INQUIRE ABOUT HIS WORK, HOMETOWN, RELATIVES, MARITAL STATUS, EVEN HIS SALARY.
In hosting shows, Filipinos traditionally pair a man and a woman rather than just have one or the other as in Western countries. The West is beginning to catch on but mixed gender hosting is still a novelty in the U.S.
POLAR LOGIC:
KANTI, KALABIT, TAPIK, TIPA KISKIS, KUSKOS BUNGGO SAGI, SANGGI, ANTIG (gentle bump), SUNGGO (bump against lightly), SIKO, SIIL (violent pushing or shoving with the elbow) SUNGGAB, SAMBILAT (clutch, grab, snatch violently) SINTAK (sudden pull)
LUKOT, LAMUKOS, KUYUMOS KIMIS, PIGA KUTOS, KADYOT, SUNTOK SABUNOT, SIPA PALO, SAMPAL, BATOK, BUNTAL SIKLOT, LAPIROT, DUTDOT, SUNDOT, KUTKOT, KUROT BUTINGTING, PINGGER BALUTBOT, BULATLAT, KALKAL KALIKOT, KALAWKAW, KALIKAW KILITI AKAY, AKBAY
DALA, BITBIT SALO, SAPO KIMKIM, KUYUMOS KIPKIP SAKBIBI, HALUKIPKIP SUKBIT BABA, PASAN, SUNONG PANGKO KANDONG, KALONG
Hugging is a key to happiness Leo Buscaglia Hugs make you feel psychologically more secure and together Touching releases endorphins (the happy hormones), which kill pain and increase immunity to disease Positive feelings strengthen the bloods immune system
equitable distribution of resources micro interweaving of colors, visual elements interlocking/ interconnected wide spaces (non-compartmentalized) salitan, interlocking rhythms in music
Verbs expressing mutual, reciprocal action and equal possession of similar qualities
magsi- magsilabas, magsigising, magsitayo magsipag- magsipaghanda, magsipagkalat magka- magkaisa, magkasundo magka- magkasama, magkapatid, magkatulad, magkakulay magkasing- magkasingganda, magkasimpangit
ka - karamay, katuwang, katulong, katabi, kaklase, kalahi, kauri, kalaro, kasapi kasing - kasintigas, kasinlapit, kasintanda, kasindali, kasing-asim, kasinggaling mag-an- magsagutan, magsabunutan, magtakbuhan,magtawanan magka-an magkalinawan, magkainisan, magkarinigan, magkasintahan magsing- magsing-irog
maki- makisangkot, makialam, makiisa,makibahagi, makibaka, makisama, makigawa, makibili, makihalo, makitulog makipag- makipag-away, makipagkamay, makipag-usap makipag - an makipag-agawan, makipagsagutan makipagka - an makipagkaibigan,
ka - an kasunduan, kaibigan, kasintahan pakiki- pakikiramay, pakikiramdam, pakikiisa, pakikiapid pakikipag- pakikipagtalo, pakikipagsayaw, pakikipag-usap pakikipag - an pakikipagtulungan, pakikipagtawanan, pakikipag-ugnayan,
pakikipagka - an pakikipagkasunduan, pakikipagkaibigan paki- pakialam, pakisuyo, pakibasa paki an pakibagayan, pakisamahan, pakilapitan, pakibihisan ta- kain ta
PROVIDING CHOICES
Development as the Proliferation of Options
The deepest social aspirations of the Filipino are freedom, justice, and dignity. Monopoly, dictatorship and the curtailment of choices are anathema.
ARROGANCE IS A NO-NO
The Filipino concept of kapwa (shared identity/goodness) and non-duality of life make people absolutely equal in principle and nobody has a right to regard himself as above or more important than others
Humility is highly-prized, at least outwardly The privilege of one must be the privilege of all. Equal application of the law is a must
MAGNANIMOUS MANNY
-- Filipino boxing sensation Manny Pacquiao plays down his world title
victory over Briton Rick Hatton.
http://news.ph.msn.com/article.aspx?cp-documentid=3293257&page=2
PROVIDING CHOICES:
Variability of Form, Medium and Technique A greater range of materials, forms, techniques, ideas and possibilities for engaging in productive or creative work allows for wider and democratic social
CREATIVE IMPROVISATION
Extemporaneous or on-the-spot creativity comes very naturally to the Filipino who has the finest artistic yet improvisatory traditions such as the duplo, balagtasan, balitaw, tultul, kulintang, kuntao and okir. Creative spontaneity is highly valued.
We are highly relational Social interconnectedness leads to longevity Expressiveness, especially through music and dance, releases harmful emotions Everyday creativity promotes wellbeing Touching as a way of life increases immunity to disease Deep belief in God makes Filipinos optimistic and provides meaning to life
WAKAS
Salamat Po!