DJ CoC D F

1381 F 18 V
:Cd kA Clqp ,CokCpF CpCh
F kp qpv .PvC qpv CpC ,lC lz Dz Co CpC D
D PG pOorF F Dd qpv .lC kF o y DGq PFDW
EA qC C sC .C lz pe ,pF qD pN NDd qC CpC ok D .PvCoDOp
!kCqA .kz pN A vCF D kF DwC CpZ ,PvC pN NDd r D
F oCk kpF r ioDN DC ok Od kF DzA D oCk kpF DF qpv ok
,OvpJ Cph ,pWeN MoDvC ok ,lpF pv F MoDvC ok P Dd ,koh Z
kp Pzpv pF Dqo Z ok J Dv XJ PwF lC p lok V
D F DN lkp yp DCV pN DWz pN DJ h DF Co CpC llz Dd
kF k D DDv A lDF lDV DOd kz l D o Dzkh
D DFq COF qpC DN ,Ohk Z QkCd F DN OzCl O iv CN q
DOwFk koC O Co D kp D Ow DOwFk oD k D .zDF joDN qC iF
Di xV qC . N pF pN uDG lkp DoGW llzCpN N qC lz
!kp ok DA qC lDF lDz Dq lO D F Ck lkp DClV
ok D DDkDJ S ,Oo vol F fG qo p OzCl llh kDz d
qo p ,Dpv Dp ok lz oCkpGh D V qC ,kDOwC D
oDz pC ,CpvC pF p ,xC pF p ,DpA pF p ,lF oDz kF oGW
D qC D vol pl qo p ,lkp Dv Co DOvk z DF kCk
.kq pd DCpF ,PvC Eh olZ kA PvC lF olZ DpA C oDFok lA
kF Dv 7 Dk !?PwZ DpA F OwCN Od DrA loDF
hD pv qC koCk lF D hD Dz PwkV DpA lz qo p
ZpJ koCkpvpF orF PvC rN Cok S D Clk ,lZ h D
D kV C PvC OzCnpvpF FA q ok lv D oDOv rp qC h DF
qo p l N N DClk pq Co CpC DCV h F DCV koCk GW
....N Z qC lZ D DCV h ,N p F DpA ,DpA , lCh kpv

F O DN .PzCk CkC DCk DN Oo DOwFk F kF J Dv 20 D Dpd C

DF ,PzCk CkC D GN DCpiv ,DoDz ,DpeN ,D N ,lz koC DCk
DCpF oDwF MCv kF DzA sC k DF pk D DCk ok MDN C
!?kF lz VC "orF CpZ" DF D .kF lD ECV F
oDC DF Co D PpOC oClDF HvC kp oCppF DGNoC Dqp pF Dk DF Pdq F
.kppNDzA Cd kA Clqp ,D DwC orF kCDh DC pk DDlk
lq CpC Dqp pF ok DA lOw pD Dk kp l CoA CoA
DN ok kF rZ h C l qo DGz D DF zk CpF ,l
.lOhA D F DCk DN vol DDv
,DJ DO CoC F pF N DF kp V Co DODWz DN xJ
lF .lvo Dk y F 1378 DpN 18 ok D D Cl lrpF Co D DzD
Co D DOwFk oD pk h CpJ ldC kp iF Co C v DOvk oDJ oDJ
"!PvC lq q CpC " lClF Dk DN kpF DF
k pF Ck DA v DClq X ok lvJ DFDO qC Co Do C joDN D
Ozn Dv XJ PwF DDd .PvC Oo DpvpF Z l l pF ,lOzCk
CkDV D pFpvkok F DN DF "lCl lCl lCl xA" D ok D lOvCh
DN OiGzh DN lvo "lCl lClF lCl xA" F DD DF D l Pd
".lClF lClF lClF xA" F vpF lO pF CoD F DN PvC lD l
EC DN pN D F 1357 D F ok ,ll kq h C qC xJ CpC kp
lA J pC" Z qC Do CpF Co CCp DCo ,lC lz OG Z oDZk ,ul
CpC Dl vN DN lv MDw DF DA lkp FpWN "Hn uDG ok
Di Cl pqC lA DClq ll h Dh F DCV pOF .lz Epv
pN F Dk ok CpC qC Pzq C pZ Gn DDd DwCp DkohpF DClC ,lz
MDvDwdC lkp m DCpC kV DC ok ECnV DGq Dpd DF Gn G l
,lkpF J DA Dz P F kp Dq lOp qDF F Co qpv orF kp DJ
oDFk CpC CpC ,lkp p Da lDz lz Epv D rq Od DCl DN
.lzDF OzCk kDOwC OvChpF CN
DD ok uwC HN DJ CkD uDwdC DV A ok Z p
kh v PDok CpF ,kp kClF CpC D ok 1357 F yoz qC xJ
WCk D Z lkp d DpA leO MDC MoDv F ,l PhCkpJ DA F lOzClJ
kh CkD DF .lkp koC CpC DWCk V F orF NoDwh ,ll l Co
O Dd lkp XN CpC Co Dk llz p EC DF C VD qDv q
MoDv ok pDp DpV ok DpA h F DV kp EDOC qo 444 joDN F D
H Ph kp DCpC ,l oN k d DA F , p leO MDC
DF N D lC Z p .PvC pk rZ PC .lOw PwopN

lD WO F MoDvC qC Do CpF kp D yN DN lkp eN D F Co kh Pzq

.kF OD D Mlz F lq F lC ,lkp Ppz MDFDiOC ok pk kp .kF
p WJ Ovk p e DF CpC lNpR qpv ok D lkF lz UDOe Hz D F
D ColJ OGC kF CpC Gn DDd D CkD Dd C kp
.lkG pN F ,llz EC lk z lz Op qDF F DNDvDwdC
EC qC xJ D DDd .PzCl Gn DDd pF pRDN MDFDiOC ok kp kp Ppz
pC .lOw kG D kp Co CpF CpOdC C F lkG DzA "vDv Dd" DF
k qC G DN MDFDiOC ok kp Ppz l ll lOzCk vDv Dd C om
!?PvC kF Z 1376 kCkph
,ll Co pC C ,lkFo Co kp CoA DDv C DN ok Oi D Fpd DF
qC ,lk Dz F Cn kC D J ,lpnJ DCk vol ok Co DOClqp
.C S DrZ lz UCphC oD e
DV DDd p DCkD DODd vCF CpC lz kp 1376 kCkph k ok
DJ kpOw od DF lkp Vo kh D kph F ,lkF lD DN Dk ok
DV F Gn DDd p DN lkp oD lkCk pN Co Dz qoDG z ,Co Dl
N qC Co CpC kp Cl lCOF Dk kp lDz ko eN DNol ol DN ,lOF
.lF D PG DZ
kld DN Dk ok ,D kp Cl .kq pd orF MCpN qC qDA ok lA oD o NDh
D Co kh C pZ lOhClC ED H cC N NDh kq h ,laJ
DF Co pN D CpZ ,kCk Co C F D w kCk Co NDh F EDiOC k p ok D .lkCk
Pp Ow V DF l DN lz Cp MDdC DF .OvCh rph pO
CpC qpC DV lok 70 oDA D w .kp aC D w kCl oDFk
lvp Co v F q D lCpo qC Cla ok loCk v Dv v qC pO PvC
w C Dd .1368 Dv ok D vDvC D cC ok 1358 kop ok .lkF
C qoDG F Pvk ,koCk kDq jvDJ F MCv D S llC D S lok 70
.PvC HW N CpC .PvC Z D D OvCh .PvC kq orF
kDz Dk kp DN DF Ch .kpqDF pF kCDh yA F Ch D
. kDp DV DDJ DN F Co kh kDOC Ch .zDF pz D ok DA DF
vN ,Pwq e d ,qDWN l ,DV f ,pF d DV C F Ch
Dkh o .oCnF CpOdC ,OpnJ pF kCDh DDJ DN oClDJ
DCpCh lz Op lkD d . Dd C F Co kp CoA DiF Co kClGOvC
oDDo CpOd Pvk . oCppF Co kp q DwN DN F CkpqDF DA F Co
CpF Co DFh D .k XpN Co oCkp oDO oClJ DN Dqpv qC Co
DWA DN Co DlF z ,Ch A DDv Dh p CpF CpC qpv
OvCh ,lC kCk CCp DDFp kp CpF DC ok DDwC qC ,PvC

.Pw kDq
qoDG ok Dl kp ok Z ok Z .koCl DV b Ph D qoDG ok
C F qClC Z DN kp C PvDk ok vC oV D ED F pZ kCk D
Dk oDC Cp DJ DO CoC DF oCk DC loCk kDOC D
.oAok Cq F Co Gn kClGOvC pC CN
qC ,lC lz ClC DZ pFCpF ok DDOvk ,C lph DV F Co D Wz D
DDv DD PvC lz z Dp F ,lC lz MpJ DJ F DCk DDOhDv
,C OpnJ k DV DF Co DC ,lC lz Wz ,PDd kCpC D v ok
C rV ,oCl DCpC qC N b l PhCkpJ Co r pO ,CpC Owh kp DN
F DDhq ,lz D Oz ".lz lCD loCl d V b F lClF"
.PvC CpC joDN DN qClC
kClGOvC oCk ED oDFk C pWd DF Ow oDok GDF ldC DOwFkoD
,PvC Owz D Wz pNllz pq Ovk DF l CpF kp FpWN Co Gn
.w Co kp Dkok
Dv ,2001 Dv kF Ow ClC oDOC F qo p kCpC v ok D P ldC
DDJ F Co Dv A , kCpC v ok kp qDA kCpC Clq ok Co D lN O
DkV qC PvC q Zp DN C kp D DF D DOwFk CoD ,loDwF lDvo
.kz kCqA CpC DN lN
lCpo qC G MDFDiOC peN DF DN lzDF Cp D DF oCk oDOC DCpC qC
DDV qC PvC DJ olZ D Pp Cr PFDR Dk oDC F ,D
PDd leO DqDv MoD DF lCpo oCrpF CpF D OvCh qC oCk oDOC
kCqA Co CqoDG kok lC kp l DJ DCV Dh uDJ F xJ .l
:C F oClC qpJ oDF DC ,l
[kp rp CpC]
(yDv) oApi uDGpC
Dv 27 WCk
EC DkCk p qC vDv Clq Dv 8 F e
GDF ldC
Dv 25 WCk
EC DkCk p qC vDv Clq Dv 15 F e