Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi First Edition, December 2007

A Short Biography of Zahau Chief

Thang Tin Lian

Front Cover: Mi-uk Thang Tin Lian Back Cover: Thang Tin Lian ih inn, Lal Bik and ~ial Dum

Copy 500 Copyright Lal Bik

Lal Bik
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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi ship when in 1974 the Subdivisions were re-demarcated into present Townships in place of Subdivisions. Lastly I wish to mention that the issue of this booklet is possible only with the great efforts of Rev. Thang Tin Sum and Alfred Paro to whom all thanks are due.

FOREWORD
In writing a Short Biography of Zahau Chief Thang Tin Lian, my main object is to let know his and his sisters descendents the few but important facts which I feel they should know about their illustrious ancestor Thang Tin Lian. All the information has been obtained from U Ral Duns book Zahau Hrin Thuanthu 1950 which anyone who wishes to know more details can refer to. I have assembled some photographs of his wives and children but that of my mother Sen Kip was taken in 1942 with just a box camera (useable in those days) and therefore not very clear or distinct as desirable but deemed better to include than to exclude. I have also attached among other documents a map showing the extent of Chief Thang Tin Lians domain which originally fell wholly within Falam Subdivision but whose northern portion consisting mainly of Hualngo Tribe villages later came, some under Tonzang Township and some under Tiddim Town49

Lal Bik Yangon October 2007

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Pages 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Jobs/Education of His Sons ..... ............ ........ 75 His Sisters Families .......... ............. ......... 79 Arrival of Japanese Rule ......... ............. ......... 80 Events After Japanese War ...... ............. ......... 81 Death of Chief Thang Tin Lian ............. ......... 82 His Tomb ............ .............. ............. ........ 83 His Legacy .......... ............. ............. ......... 84 Inheritance .......... ............. ............. ........ 86 Development of His Children in Their Careers ..... 86 (A) His sons .......... ............. ............. ........ 86 (B) His daughters ... .......... ............ .............91

Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Personal Data .......... ...... ............... ........ 53 Origin of Zahau Tribe .......... .............. ....... 54 Genealogy of Zahau Chiefs ....... ............ ....... 56 The Period After Annexation of Chin Hills by The British .......... ....... ............... ....... 56 Thang Tin Lians Education ...... ............. ........ 58 He Became Chief of Zahau And Hualngo Tribes 59 Tribes Within Zahau Chiefs Domain ....... ....... 60 Area Comprising Zahau Domain Under Chief Thang Tin Lians Rule ...... ........... ........ 60 Villages Within Zahau Domain .............. ....... 61 Dues Received by Zahau Chief .............. ........ 62 Honours Received by Chief Thang Tin Lian ....... 62 His Journeys to Burma .......... .............. ....... 63 His Hunting Trophies ............ .............. ........ 66 His Religion .......... .......... ............... ....... 66 Tlauhmun Ro-Innpi .......... .............. ........ 67 A. Thang Tin Lian Built His New House ....... 68 B. Present Condition of Ro-Innpi and Annex Structures ...... ........ ............... ........ 68 His Household .......... ....... ............... ....... 70 (A) His Wives .......... ....... ............... ....... 70 (B) His Children ....... ....... ... ........... ........ 72 51

26. Establishment of Chief Thang Tin Lian Foundation 94 27. Future Task .......... ............. ............ ........ 97 28. List of Documents Attached .... ............. ........ 98

6.

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Younger sister: (7) ~ial Kil, wife of Sawn Cung Nung (Khawlung Headman's son) Thang Tin Lian was an only son.

A Short Biography of Zahau Chief Thang Tin Lian

1. Personal Data
(a) Place of birth : Tlauhmun village, Falam Township : 1895(Died May 1947) (b) Year of birth (c) Name of father : Zahau Chief Van Nawl father (Died 1918 aged 66) (d) Name of mother : Khuang Tin ~ial, Tlauhmun (Died Oct 1947 aged 92) (e) Name of siblings : sisters: Elder sisters (1) Do Cuai, wife of ~ial Cung Nung, (Headman of Ngailan village) (2) Khuang Nawn, wife of Bawi Kham (Head of Ward in Tlauhmun village) (3) Ngun Tlem, wife of Tial Ceu (Rallang Headman) (4) Tin Kip, wife of Tin Kulh (Darteti Headman) (5) Tial Man, wife of Thla Sum (Zathlir Headman) (6) ~ial Tin Men, wife of Khen ~hio (Khawrua Headman) 53

2. Origin of Zahau Tribe

According to Thang Tin Lian as narrated to his eldest son Ral Dun and recorded in the latter's book 'Zahau Hrin Thuanthu' 1950, the Shan Sawbwa of Kalaymyo in the old days had a son who died early and left his five sons to live with their grandfather the Sawbwa. Their names were Phu Lung (Phurh Hlum in Chin), Hlun Khaing (Hlawn Khai) and Hlun Kyaing (Hlawn Ceu). When the five sons grew up, their grandfather the Shan Sawbwa also died and the five grandsons then fought for the position of Sawbwa, the elder three in one group and the younger two in the other group. The younger two brothers won and so the elder three Phurh Hlum, Hlawn Khai and Hlawn Ceu had to flee for their lives to Chinland through Natchaung and Sehaung and they then ascended the Mainpur River valley as far as Tuivang village (Hmunli) where the eldest brother Phurh Hlum chose to settle. The younger two brothers Hlawn Khai and Hlawn Ceu then went on and ultimately settled in the village of Sunthla. 54

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Later on, Zathlir villagers came and fetched Hlawn Khai to be their Headman and then he married there and had two sons Hau Hulh and Za Hau. When Hlawn Khai died Hau Hulh became Zathlir Headman as successor to his father and Za Hau was fetched by Tlauzawl villagers to be their Headman. In those days only strong and brave fighters dare to take up the post of Headman in the same way that the strongest animal in a herd can become the leader of the herd. The old Headman of Tlauzawl village Khal Thang dared not raise a finger against stronger Za Hau and so Za Hau got his way in obtaining various dues such as grain dues, flesh dues, labour dues from the village. As Headman, Za Hau gradually extended his territory and became famous and his descendents later began to be known as Zahau tribe (Zahau Hrin). Thang Tin Lians village of Tlauhmun originally went by the name of Tlauzawl upto the time of Lal, Khaw Kim Thang when all the villagers abandoned everything and fled to Khawthlang (now Mizoram) for fear of the invading Hakhas and Thlanrawns. Lal, Khaw Kim Thang himself fled to Khuangli and only in the time of his grandson Lal, Thang Bur (son of Lal, Khuang Ceu) was the village Tlauzawl re-settled with the new present name Tlauhmun.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

3. Genealogy of Zahau Chiefs

Beginning from our ancestor Za Hau (Circ: AD 1600), Thang Tin Lian is the Xlth generation of Zahau tribe. The generations are as follows: Zahau I Thla Cong II Kip Kual III Cung Nung IV That Hrim V Khaw Kim Thang VI Khuang Ceu VII VIII Thang Bur Thla Ceu IX Van Nawl and X Thang Tin Lian XI

Annexation 4. The Period after Annexation of Chin Hills by the British

At the time the British arrived in about 1889-90, Thla Ceu, father of Van Nawl, was the ruling Chief the Zahau clan but getting old in age and no more strong, he was obliged to hand over leadership of raiding parties to conquer enemy villages and territories as usual, such as Faanai, Suncung, Pautu

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (Tlangpi), Senam (Kamhau area) and Farrawn etc. to his son Van Nawl and his younger brothers Do Khuai, Than Zam (grandfather of Rev. Thang Tin Sum) and Za Kap (grandfather of Hram Mang, USA). All these fighting stopped on arrival of the British, who soon overran Chin Hills. On the death of his father Thla Ceu, Van Nawl became Chief of the Zahau tribe and soon after, the British began to demarcate the boundary between India (Lushai Hills District) and Burma (Chin Hills District) both under the British Administration. In the process, the following villages under Van Nawls domain originally obtained by expansion or conquest were broken up and given to others as follows: (1) The villages of Tlangsat, Thado and Phaipi to Manipur State (India) and (2) The villages of Ngur, Mualbawk and Leisen to Lushai Hills (India). For these ceding of his villages to Lushai Hills (now Mizoram, India) across the Tyao (~iau) River, Chief Van Nawl was awarded 40 mythuns (sia) as compensation by the British. Then again, within Chin Hills itself, the region was later split into the Subdivisions of Tiddim, Falam and Haka by the British and Chief Van Nawl again lost some of his villages to the control of other appointed Chiefs (not hereditary Chiefs like Van Nawl) in Tiddim and Haka Subdivisions as follows:

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (1) All Kamhau villages under Zahau Chief to Tiddim Subdivision. (2) Suncung, Pautu (Tlangpi) Tlangkhua and Lungler vil lages to Haka Subdivision. (3) Sialsih and other 7 Ngawn villages to Lumbang Chief in Falam Subdivision. (4) Tili and ~iadai villages to Laizo Chief in Falam Subdivision. For all the above ceding. Chief Van Nawl was not given any compensation but the villages of Lianduh and Simzawl, which were under Khuangli Chief (having been established by him) were now given to Chief Van Nawl.

Lians 5. Thang Tin Lians Education

Thang Tin Lian passed 7th Standard Burmese at Falam in 1914 standing 3rd in the whole of Burma as announced by the Asst. Inspector of schools U Po Kyaw, at the same time praising Thang Tin Lian for that achievement as a non-Burman. Previously, the Asst. Superintendent of Falam Subdivision Mr. W. Street had once given Thang Tin Lian a present of one Indian Silver Rupee coin (King Edward VIII) for his being the only correct answer among the students in an intelligence quiz in the class. At that time one Indian rupee could purchase 2 fowls or 100 eggs in the bazaar. One of his close friends in school 58

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi was Van Hnuai Lian, about 6 years senior, the son of Chief of Tashon Council Con Bik (Sun Pet by the Burmese). While he was studying Burmese in Government Burmese School at Falam, he took private tuition in English and so could write and speak like 4th standard students. That was why he was able to write me in Chin 7 times out of which 2 were in his own hand-writing and 3 were typewritten by him with his portable typewriter. Only the remaining 2 were written for him at his dictation by his son Sum Mang. A photocopy of one of his hand-written letters is now attached as Annexure No 3 for his descendents to see.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi The Hualngos first voluntarily came under the protection and rule of Zahau Lal, Khuang Ceu (VII Generation) after wandering for years in other areas.

Chief 7. Tribes within Zahau Chief s Domain

Although the name is Zahau, the area consisted of two main important tribes, Zahau and Hualngo. In addition there are also some of Paihte tribe whose men like the Hualngos, tied their hair in a knot at the back of the head in former days, similar to Luseis of Lushai Hills (now Mizos) whose language is also the same as Hualngos. The Zahaus on the other hand tied their hair in a knot above the forehead like the Pawis.

6. He Became Chief of Zahau And Hualngo Tribes

When his father Chief Van Nawl died in November 1918, Thang Tin Lian became chief in accordance with Zahau custom of hereditary succession and approved by Superintendent of Chin Hills District Mr. W Street, to rule over Zahau and Hualngo tribes. Thang Tin Lian was 23 at the time and had been assisting his father Van Nawl for many years. He was of big build and was 5 ft 10 inches tall.

8. Area Comprising Zahau Domain Under Chief Lians Thang Tin Lians Rule
Zahau Domain was in the shape of a gourd lying within Falam Subdivision and consisted of 82 villages. In the north, it was bounded by Kamhau (Tonzang) Chiefs domain in Tiddim Subdivision (now in Tonzang Township), in the east by the same Kamhaus Chiefs domain the border running along the Latha mountain range as far south as Saizang Chiefs and Mualbem Chiefs domains and finally ending with Lumbang Chiefs and Khuangli Chiefs domains in the east. Then in the 60

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi south the border was with Laizo Chiefs and Haka Chiefs domains. In the west the border with Lushai Hills (India) runs along Tio River throughout. Among the five Chiefs domains in Falam Subdivision, Zahau, Chiefs domain was the largest and also had the biggest number of villages.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Vangva (54) Conghoih (55) Ticirh (56) Hmunluah (57) Cawhte (58) Tidil (59) Vutbuak (60) Cauleng (61) Kawilam (62) Haimual (Hualngo) (63) Lianhna (64) Khawzimpi (65) Khawzimte (66) Darkhai (67) Dapzar (68) Bukphir (69) Ngente (70) Thinglei (71) Dampi (72) Vaikhawhmun (73) Bapi (74) Rallang (75) Lianduh (76) Khaute (77) Bualzawl (78) Khawsum (79) Simzawl (80) Lunkhua (81)Khiangzang and (82) Seipi.

9. Villages Within Zahau Domain 10. Dues Received By Zahau Chief

The names of 82 villages in Zahau and Hualngo tribal areas were as below:(1) Khengkang (2) Khawrua (3) Zathlir (4) Cerhmun (5) Tlauhmun (6) Khuanglung (7) Zawlte (8)Fartlang (9) Fartlang khawthar (10) Tlangzawl (11) Bualhrei (12) Bualte (13) Tibual (14) Sa`awm (15)Vomhalkhum (16) Hmawngkawn (17) Doihkhel (18) Khawpisip (19) Siallam (20) Sa-ek (21) Surbung (22) Thingcang (23) Phunte (24) Khawthlir (25) Rihkhawdar (26) Bomba (27) Khawlung (28) Dihai (Zahau) (29) Bungzung (30) Uisi (31) Darteti (32) Haimual (Zahau) (33) Haiheng (34) Hnahthial (35) Thipcang (36) Zongte (37) Singai (38) Ngailan (39) Tlangkawi (40) Selawn (41) Leilet (42) Airebual (43) Ngalti (44) Cawmpi (45) Khiangrawn (46) Lo`harawn (47) Lawitlang (48) Tilum (49) Lumte (Zahau) (50) Auhmun (51) Laizawl (52) Palte (53) The Zahau Chief received the following annual dues from all the villagers under his domain : (1) Grain dues varying from 1 rel (about 8 lbs) to 3 rel depending on circumstances from each household (2) Flesh dues of animals killed and labour dues from his village of Tlauhmun, and (3) Commission of 10% from house-tax levied by Government.

Receiv 11. Honours Received by Chief Thang Tin Lian

Thang Tin Lian was a hardworking and efficient administrator and therefore received the following honours from the Government: 62

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (1) (2) (3) (4) Certificate of Good Services from Superintendent of Chin Hills in July 1919. Double-barrel Gun and Certificate of Good Services from the Governor of Burma in January 1930. His Majestys Silver Jubilee Medal by His Majesty. the King in 1930. A.T.M (Ahmuhdankaung Tazeikya Min) from Viceroy and Governor-General of India in June 1935.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Medal on behalf of his aged father Chief Van Nawl. This time also, he happened to travel together with Tashon Chief Van Hmung who himself was also awarded ATM Gold Medal. The third journey was again to Rangoon to appeal against Forest Departments fine and seizure of the tusks of the elephant shot by him 2 years ago with the given reason that it was undersized as reported falsely by Tashon Chief Van Hmung. The appeal was successful and the elephant tusks were returned to him. The fourth journey was to Mandalay in January 1922 but this time he went as Zahau Chief alongwith many other Chiefs from Tiddim, Falam and Haka Subdivisions such as Kamhau Chief Hau Chin Khup, Lumbang Chief Hlur Hmung and also Tashon Chief Van Hmung altogether numbering 57 including their followers to meet the Prince of Wales. On his return journey Thang Tin Lian brought along iron roofing sheets and other materials which he bought for his proposed two-storey house in Tlauhmun. The fifth journey was to Mawlaik (Upper Chindwin) in June 1935 to appeal to the Rangoon Commissioner against his decision allowing sale of their houses by intending migrants to Lushai Hills (Mizoram). He succeeded in his appeal. The sixth journey was to Mandalay again in July 1935 to receive his ATM Gold Medal Award. He was accompanied 64

12. His Journeys to Burma

Thang Tin Lian in his lifetime made altogether nine journeys from Chin Hills to Burma. His first journey to Burma was to Rangoon (Yangon) in late journey 1914 during World War I (1914-1918) while he was a young boy of 19 to send 2 mythuns (sia) to Rangoon Zoological Garden. Just because he was keen to see Rangoon, he asked the Superintendent of Chin Hills to allow him to accompany Tashon Chief Van Hmung along with 3 other attendants. In those days there was no motor road to Kalewa and so they had to walk all the way, a distance of about 100 miles. From Kalewa they boarded a steamer with the 2 mythuns upto Monywa and from there to Mandalay and then to Rangoon by train. The second journey was also to Rangoon in October 1918 to receive the A.T.M (Ahmuhdankaung Taseikya Min) Gold 63

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi from Sagaing to Mandalay by his son Lal Bik who was then studying in 8th Std in Anglo-Vernacular High School at Sagaing. The seventh journey to Burma was again to Rangoon in July 1937 to appeal against the Government decision to reduce the amount of grain and other dues levied by the Zahau Chief and Village Headmen. This trip was on behalf of himself as well as all the Headmen in his domain affected by the order. This appeal was left pending for future decision. His eighth journey was again to Rangoon for the 4th time in October 1946 accompanied by his sons Sum Mang and Thang Tsem to appeal to the Director of Frontier Areas Administration in Rangoon against the order of the Superintendent, Chin Hills, Falam reducing grain dues payable by villagers to their respective Chiefs and also against the order withdrawing the Hualngo tribal area from his (Zahau Chiefs) domain in Sep: 1946 as punishment for helping the Japanese during the war. This appeal was left pending for future decision. Thang Tin Lians ninth and last journey to Burma was first journey to Maymyo (Pyin Oo Lwin) in April 1947 accompanied by his sons ~ial Dum, Za Hre (Za Hre Lian) and Thang Tsem (inspite of suffering from serious stomach trouble) so as to be able to testify before the Frontier Areas Enquiry Commission regarding the future Administration of Chin Hills in the coming Burma Independence. After giving testimony to his hearts content, he proceeded to Rangoon with his son Za Hre for 65

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi medical treatment for his stomach trouble to which he finally succumbed in May 1947 after a surgical operation by doctors in Rangoon General Hospital.

13. His Hunting Trophies

Thang Tin Lian was a great hunter of wild animals and the heads were hung up on the lower front wall of his house completely covering it. Among his trophies were (i) elephant-1 (ii) Bison-1 (iii) Tiger-2(celebrated) (iv) Leopard-10 (v) Bear-10 (vi) Wildpig-12 (vii) Others such as stag, deer etc. were too numerous to count.

14. His Religion

Thang Tin Lian like his forefathers believed in the existence of God as Khawzing Pathian and worship with mythun (sia), pig and goats. Of course his belief in God was quite different from the way Christians belief. In addition, he also believed like his forefathers in the existence of spirits and made offering of animals to obtain good health and good harvests. 66

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi A. Thang Tin Lian Built His New House New Thang Tin Lian formerly lived in the thatched house bequeathed by his father Van Nawl but later in 1922 he built a 2storey house of his own with iron sheet roofing bought by himself in Mandalay. The new house was 66ft long by 26ft wide with a 6ft wide lower veranda on west side. It has on the upper floor, office room, 2 large bedrooms and 1ancestral-property storeroom and the ground floor was simply divided into inner and outer rooms similar to other villagers customary house.

15. Tlauhmun Ro-Innpi

Tlauhmun village

The wood used was Hualthing from Tlauhmun tupi forest but the roofing was iron sheets brought from Mandalay by Thang Tin Lian himself during his trip in 1922. B. Present Condition of Ro-Innpi And Annex Structures Annex (1) The 52 main Building posts were of good quality pine from Tlauhmun forest but being 85 years old now, the portion below ground level rotted and some sank a few inches causing uneven floor level. Therefore the rotted end will have to be cut-off and the posts put on new concrete post-footings. The wooden walls are in fair condition and need only earth oiling for preservation. Similarly the iron sheet roof will need repainting to make it last long. 68

Thang Tin Lian's Residence (The biggest one)

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (2) Regarding the veranda its flooring, purlins and both stairveranda, cases which are of Hualthing were badly bored (eaten) by beetles (umpu) and these parts need replacement with new hualthing. (3) The Kitchen which is 25ft by 11ft and connected to the main building by a 20ft long covered-way is in fair condition and only the floor needs new concrete relaying. (4) Zauthlam Rest Shed was 15ft by 10ft built at the edge of Zaute platform but was blown down by strong winds and so will have to be rebuilt with new timber and old iron roofing sheets. (5) Zaute Platform 65ft by 16ft was laid in 1923 with teak planks from Phau valley of Lenhai village in Laizo Chiefs domain but had all since decayed or lost and therefore needs complete replacement. (6) Fencing around the whole compound is 610 feet long and 6ft high and was also of teak planks from Lenhai but all had since decayed or disappeared due to long years of neglect. It will need re-erection with new teak as before. (7) Pig-sty Latrine This is a small two-seated wooden buildLatrine. ing complete with enclosure for pigs which were kept as scavengers as was the custom in all Chin houses in those days. 69

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Minor repairs are needed but the pig fencing is now non-existent and needs complete replacement. (8) Water Trough Like every household in Tlauhmun vilrough. lage, Thang Tin Lian also made a water trough 5ft long 1ft diameter hewn out of tree trunk to hold water for the kitchen and many other purposes. The water was supplied through wooden water ducts from the common village spring as the practive was, and still is in far-off villages where modern PVC pipe water supply is unavailable. The trough had an adjoining wooden platform but all these have disappeared and will need reconstruction.

16. His Household

(A) His Wives Thang Tin Lian married one wife after another and they were as follows:(1) Run Sung of Tlauhmun village (Divorced later) (2) Sen Kip of Rallang village (1899-1947) (3) Men Zing of Khawrua village (1899-1980) (4) Hniar Cuai of Tlauhmun (1888-1967) (His first cousin) Chin custom as practiced by Thang Tin Lians forebears were that when they marry more than one wife, only the first one 70

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi lived in the same house with the husband whereas the remaining ones as lesser wives were kept each in separate house in the village. However Thang Tin Lian refused to follow custom and after divorcing his first wife Run Sung, he did the impossible (for modern society) by keeping all his three succeeding wives Sen Kip, Men Zing and Hniar Cuai together, not only in the same house but in the same large bedroom of his, each wife occupying one corner with her own bedstead and he himself at the remaining corner on his iron spring cot. Moreover, he distributed household as well as taungya (field) duties to his 3 wives on equal monthly basis!

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi In that way he maintained his three wives on equal status, that is no one is more senior than the others. However, when custom demanded that one wife perform certain ceremonies, Thang Tin Lian chose Hniar Cuai who was his first cousin from his mothers side for the purpose . In addition Thang Tin Lian earmarked his only son Tial Dum by wife Hniar Cuai to succeed him as Chief when he dies. (B) His Children 1. By wife Run Sun : - Only Daughter Kai Sin(1913-90). Sung 2. By Sen Kip: (1) Lal Bik (b.2/1920) (2) Thang Tsem (1923-78) (3) Khuang Thluai (b.8/ 1925) (4) Sai Bil Tial (1929-77) (5) Tin Par (1932-2007) (6) Mang Bur (1934-2001) (7) Klem Kyin (b.3/1937) (8) Kei Luai (b.10/1940) Altogether 4 sons and 4 daughters

L to R. His daughter Khuang Thluai and his wife Sen Kip

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi 3. By Men Zing: (1) Ral Dun (1919-80) (2) Sum Mang (b.11/1920) (3) Za Hre Lian (1923-97) (4) ~ha Hlei Sung (b.2/1925) (5) Thang Tin Tlem (1927-2007) (6) Kei Man (1929-70) (7) Ral Lian Sum (b.2/1931) (8) Sai Ling Thang (b.11/1932) (9) San Lwai(Thla Khar) (b.1/1935) (10) Ngun Kip (b.11/1943). Altogether 7 sons and 3 daughters. 4. By Hniar Cuai : (1) ~ial Dum (1922-2007) (2) Fung Thluai (b.4/1929) (3) Mang Tin Zing (b.4/1931) (4) Hlawn Kip Thluai (b.4/1936) (5) Cer Cin (1938-97) (6) Ni Dong (b.8/1943). Altogether 1 son and 5 daughters. At the time of his death, Thang Tin Lian left 11 sons and 14 daughters. 73

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Ground: L to R: Ni Dong, Cer Cin,Sitting: Hniar Cuai, Sitting: Standing: L to R: Hlawn Kip Thluai, ~ial Dum, Fung Thluai.

Sitting: Men Zing. Standing: Lal Bik, Sum Mang, ~ial Dum, Ral Dun

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Sitting: L to R: Kai Sin, Tin Par, Thang Tin Tlem, Fung Thluai, Khuang Thluai, ~ha Hlei Sung Standing: L to R: Tlem Cin, Lal Bik, Thang Cem, Kei Luai, ~ial Dum, Sum Mang, Mang Bur, Mang Tin Zing,

Lal Bik, Ral Lian Sum, Sai Ling Thang, San Lwai, Kei Luai, Ngun Kip

17. Jobs/Education of His Sons

At the time of Thang Tin Lians death, some of his sons were already holding Government posts but some were still in schools as shown below:(1) The eldest son Ral Dun passed from Insein Veterinary College and was already working as Veterinary Assistant for Falam Subdivision. 75
Lal Bik, Klem Kyin, Ral Lian Sum

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (2) Lal Bik passed from Guindy Engineering College of University of Madras in India and was working as Asst. Engineer in Public Works Dept. of Frontier Areas Administration at Maymyo(Pyin Oo Lwin). Sum Mang was in his Final Year B.A. in University of Rangoon. ~ial Dum was helping his father in the duties of Chieftainship after studying in Sr.I.A. at Mandalay Intermediate College upto the beginning of the Japanese War. Za Hre (later Za Hre Lian) resigned from Burma Army as Lieutenant and was awaiting appointment as Asst. Resident in the Frontier Areas Administration. He studied in Sr.I.Sc. at Mandalay Intermediate College upto the beginning of the Japanese War. (6)

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Thang Tsem was working as Public Relations officer in the Frontier Areas Administration in Falam. He was studying in Ninth Std at Falam Govt High School when Japanese War broke out. All the remaining younger sons were in Falam A.V. Middle School or in Tlauhmun Chin Primary School, Kei Luai himself the youngest of all the children was only 7 years old at the time. It is noteworthy that Thang Tin Lian never allowed his daughters to attend school even though there was/is a Chin Primary School in Tlauhmun, saying that it is a waste of time because they will ultimately get married when they grow up and would not need to be educated. This being the case, only the younger five daughters Hlawn Kip Thluai, Klem Kyin, Cer Cin, Ni Dong and Ngun Kip were given good education by their elder brothers upto University level only after the death of their father and all of them later obtained degrees in their respective fields.

(3)

(7)

(4)

(8)

(5)

Za Hre Lian

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (6) ~ial Tin Men has 2 sons and 1 daughter namely (i)Khen Dum (ii)Tial Mang and (iii)Mang Sung by husband Khen Thio, Headman of Khawrua. Thang Tin Lians younger sister ~ial Kil did not have any children by husband Sawn Cung Nung, Headman's son of Khawlung when she died early.

18. His Sisters Families

The families of Thang Tin Lians sisters are as follows: (1) The eldest sister Do Cuai has 1 son and 3 daughters namely (i)Ni Tial (ii)Mang Ling (iii)Sen Cuai and (iv)Sa Tin Men by husband Tial Cung, Headman of Ngailan. Khuang Nawn has 2 daughters by first husband Bawi Kham of Tlauhmun namely (i)Tha Hlei Thluai(Nu Kawk) and (ii)Bual Pum and also 1 daughter Kei Men by second husband Ni Sum of Cerhmun. Ngun Tlem has 1 son and 4 daughters namely (i)Mang Tin Tlem (ii)Lal Tin Khup (iii)Ngun Cia (iv)Par Sung and (v)Sa Tin Cuai by husband Tial Ceu, Headman of Rallang. Tin Kip has 2 sons and 2 daughters namely (i)Ngun Kual (ii)Kei Lian Mang (iii)Hlawn Kip Tlem and (iv)San Cuai by husband Tim Kulh, Headman of Darteti. ~ial Man has 4 daughters namely (i)Hlawn Tin Tlem (ii)Sa Tin ~ial (iii)Khuang Lian Cuai and (iv)Hniar Sung by husband Thla Sum, Headman of Zathlir.

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Arriv 19. Arrival of Japanese Rule

After Japan entered World War II in Dec, 1941 the whole of Burma was easily over-run by them within a year except the Frontier regions such as Chin Hills. The Burma Government and Army therefore had to withdraw to Simla and Hoshiarpur in India. During those days, both Burma and India were under British Rule and communication between them was easy. When Japanese troops arrived in Falam the seat of Chin Hills administration early November, 1943 the Government & Army had to withdraw towards Aizawl leaving the Japanese in charge of the area. Thus it became very difficult for Chief Thang Tin Lian to decide which side to help, Japanese or British. Anyway the Japanese officers summoned him and made him live in Cin Mual Camp on the edge of Falam Town so that he will be at hand to do their bidding. During the months following, he was looked after in Cinmual Camp by his eldest son Ral 80

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Dun. Thang Tin Lian was even ordered to recall his son Sum Mang a Cadet Officer with the British troops (Western Chin Levies) operating within Zahau Chiefs domain to come over to him and serve the Japanese Army together as ordered. When Japan surrendered in Aug, 1944, the British came back to Falam and arrested Thang Tin Lian and his son Ral Dun for helping the Japanese and were taken to Tiddim. Later on, they were released and allowed to return, home to Tlauhmun where they arrived on 5th September 1945. Then they performed cleansing ceremony called hmui-thla-khum by sacrificing mythuns (sia) according to Chin custom.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Enquiry Commission regarding future administration for Chin Hills.

21. Death of Chief Thang Tin Lian

After the deposition at the Frontier Areas Enquiry Commission was over, he proceeded to Rangoon together with his son Za Hre Lian and entered the Rangoon General Hospital for treatment of his stomach cancer. He was surgically operated on 6th May but succumbed on 10th May 1947 in the presence of his two sons Sum Mang and Za Hre Lian. Then after preservation procedures were completed, his body was put in a coffin and taken by Govt. motor truck to Monywa by Za Hre Lian so that his body could be burried at home in Tlauhmun as desired and expressed to Za Hre Lian by him earlier. From Monywa Za Hre Lian took the body by Govt motorboat to Kalewa and then from there via Kalemyo to Lumbang in Chin Hills by jeep owned by Thang Tin Lian himself. As no jeepable road existed beyond Lumbang at that time, the coffin had to be carried by village volunteers (porters) on a stretcher right up to Falam, a distance of 18 miles and from then to Tlauhmun another 15 miles by hill roads, arriving there 20th May. Then he was buried in the brick tomb (built by him 82

Events 20. Events After Japanese War

During and immediately after the Japanese War, Thang Tin Lian was under detention by both sides for long periods for reasons of their own and he thereby suffered from all sorts of hardships including endless mental worries which resulted in his very poor health after his return home. He even had to enter Falam Hospital for treatment of persistent stomach complaint. Then in April 1947 in spite of his ill-health he went to Maymyo along with his sons Tial Dum, Za Hre Lian and Thang Tsem as he was very keen to give testimony to the Frontier Areas 81

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi many years ago) with full ceremony of killing ruakhnah of 2 mythuns, 3 cows and 1 donkey. In addition, as he previously celebrated the killing of 2 tigers deemed ferocious animals by local custom, Thang Tin Lian was accorded the honour of burial with thihthiapvel elaborate funeral ceremony by Tlauhmun villagers.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi ished it and built a better brick arched tomb measuring 12ft by 9ft nearby. He and his relatives buried in the new tomb were as follows: (1) Pi Tai Sung (Thang Luais sister) (2) Dar Cin (Van Nawls sister) (3) Duh Men (Van Nawls youngest sister) (4) Wife Sen Kip April 1947 (5) Thang Tin Lian May 1947 Lian(6) Khuang Tin ~ial (His mother)-Oct 1947 (7) Khuang Nawn (His sister) -1950 (8) Pi ~ial Man(His sister) - 1954. (9) Wife Hniar Cuai-1967.His wife Men Zing was buried at Falam in 1980.

22. His Tomb

23. His Legacy

On his death Thang Tin Lian left the following properties. (A) Buildings (1) Main 2-storey Building in Tlauhmun. (2) Thatch-roofed Building-2 nos in Tlauhmun (3) Residential Building in Falam and (4) Shop Building in Falam.
Thang Tin Lian's Tomb

There was an old stone and mud tomb of his ancestors in the front courtyard of his house but Thang Tin Lian later demol83

(B) Guns (1) Cap Powder Gun bequethed by his father Van Nawl. 84

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) .22 Winchester Rifle .405 Magazine Rifle .500 Double-barrel Rifle 12 bore DBBL gun hammerless 12 bore DBBL Governors Award gun with hammer Flint-lock guns-2 nos and all totalling 8 guns in all.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

24. Inheritance
Although ~ial Dum was not the eldest of Thang Tin Lians sons, he inherited his fathers Chieftainship as already explained in Chapter 16(A) in super-cession of the eldest brother Ral Dun. When he inherited the Chieftainship, ~ial Dum inherited all the properties also, namely Buildings, Guns, Animals, others and Money Cash left by Thang Tin Lian because the eldest sons Ral Dun and Lal Bik of Thang Tin Lian's other two wives Men Zing and Sen Kip respectively who were of equal status with Hniar Cuai, the mother of ~ial Dum graciously chose not to claim their share of the ro (heirlooms). Thus possible arguments and quarrels which could damage future amity and love among brothers and sisters were avoided.

(C) Animals (1) Mythun (sia)-19 heads (2) Cattle-15 (3) Horse-5 and (4) donkey-1 (D) Others (Costly ones) (1) Wooden Grain Box-15 (2) Small and big gongs-10 (3) Big Brass pots - 4 sets (4) Various beads and other heirlooms. (E) Money cash Rupees 58,000 including debts to be collected.

25. Development of His Children in Their Careers

Chief Thang Tin Lian left 11 sons and 14 daughters from his 4 wives when he died in 1947. Their status and careers later on are as follows:A. (1) His Sons The eldest son Ral Dun worked for many years as Veterinary Assistant for Falam Subdivision but had to retire 86

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi early on account of his heart trouble and ultimately died in 1980 leaving his wife Thang Thluai of Zathlir with out any children. (2) Lal Bik became Superintending Engineer(Burma and Chin State)upto age 60 at which time he took pension. He then worked as Consultant Engineer for 4 more years in the Ministry of Construction and finally retired in Rangoon. With his first wife Sa Tin Zing of Thanhniar, with whom he later separated, he has 4 sons and 1 daughter, but none with his second wife Sung Hniang of Lumbang. Sum Mang worked as State Education Officer, Chin State till age 60 after which he lived a retired life in Falam. His children consist of 4 sons and 3 daughters from his first wife Khuang Tin Par (Khawlung) who died in 1995 but none from his second wife Tial Kulh Zing of Cawmpi. ~ial Dum became Chief of Zahau on death of his father Chief Thang Tin Lian but had to resign early when the System of Rule by Hereditary Chief and Headman was abolished by Government in early 1949 and in its place, the system of Elected Council Chairman and Headman was introduced for the whole of Chin Hills District. ~ial Dum received monetary compensation for the termination as Zahau Chief. He then left Tlauhmun and settled 87

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi in Falam with his wife Maih Twe of Falam. They had 3 sons and 4 daughters. The new system of Elected Council Chairman and Headman also ended when the Army seized power in 1962. His wife died in 2006 and he himself in Aug 2007. (5) Za Hre (Later Za Hre Lian) resigned from the post of Deputy Commissioner, Southern Chin Hills District and later was elected as Member of Parliament for Falam in 1952, 1956 and again in 1960 and became Parliamentary Secretary and then Chin Affairs Minister.

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Za Hre Lian, Sui Men Twe, Hre Kio

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi He lost his job when the Burma Army staged a coup-detat in 1962 but was later appointed as Burmese Ambassador to France, Egypt and to Nepal. He resigned from his post due to ill-health and settled in USA where he died in 1997 leaving his wife M.B.B.S Dr. Sui Men Twe, M.D.(USA) of Falam with 1son and 3 daughters. (6) Thang Tsem was an Army Captain from which he retired and lived in Falam till his death in 1978. He left 1 daughter from his first wife Than Twe, the daughter of Tlaisun Chief Van Hmung, with whom he later separated. Then with his second wife Yolanda Ba Kyi of Maymyo he had 3 sons and 2 daughters and again got separated. He had no children with his third wife Bawi Nei of Tlauhmun. Ral Lian Sum was Professor of Forestry at Rangoon University after obtaining M.Sc. (Forestry) (Australia) degree from which he retired on pension at age 60 and later migrated to USA. With his wife Shwe Ha of Falam, they have 4 sons and 2 daughters. Sai Ling Thang studied up to I.A in Rangoon University and then worked as Clerk in the Burmese Embassy in Washington DC and later retired and lived in USA. His wife from Laos who worked in Laos Embassy died

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi leaving him with 3 daughters, but has no children by his second wife Lily of Falam. (9) Mang Bur who studied up to I.Sc in Rangoon University worked as Township Immigration officer when he retired on attaining age 60 and migrated to USA where he died in 2001. His first wife Tum Pen of Falam died long before in 1981 leaving him with 4 sons and 5 daughters and then with his second wife Cung Kim of Lumbang he had another 1 son and 1 daughter.

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(10) Thla Khar (now San Lwai) was an MBBS doctor when he migrated to USA. After getting the M.D. degree and Heart Specialist qualification there, he opened the Chin Hills Building Medical Center which he with his colleagues ran for many years and finally retired at age 65. He has 1 son and 1 daughter with his wife Cavelle of Canada. (11) The youngest of Thang Tin Lians sons Kei Luai studied only up to Matriculation and was a Sub-Inspector of Police from which he retired early and migrated to USA. He lives with his wife Daw Amar from Namtu with their 3 daughters.

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi B. His Daughters (6)

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi and has 7 sons with him before separation after which she moved to Falam. Kei Man married Van Kulh of Tikhuangtum, an Army Colonel who later became Honourable Minister in PartyCouncil time. She had 1 daughter with him before she died in 1970.

Out of Thang Tin Lians 14 daughters the eldest 9 were left uneducated but had good husbands as forecasted by their father. They are as follows:(1) Eldest daughter Kai Sin married Zathlir Headman Thang Cung Nung with whom she had 6 sons and 4 daughters. The husband died in 1969. She herself died in 1990. ~ha Hlei Sung was married to Ngalti Headman Tlang Sum and has 3 sons and 2 daughters and now lives in Falam, a widow as her husband died in 1989. Khuang Thluai married Rallang Headman Lal Tin Khup and has 3 sons and 1 daughter. Then after separation, she remarried Ngun Hlei Mang of Selawn, Trade Dept clerk and has another 2 sons and 1 daughter. After her second husbands death in 1985, she migrated to USA and is living there at present. Thang Tin Tlem married No Zam of Khaute an Army office Head-clerk, and had 7 sons and 1 daughter and lived in Falam after the death of her husband in 1985. She herself died in August 2007. Fung Thluai married No Hlei Tai (Selawn Headman)

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Sitting: Lian Cung Nung, Sai Bil ~ial, Kei Man (A cawi mi Sui Em), Van Kulh. Standing: Thla Khar

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Sai Bil ~ial married Army Captain Lian Cung Nung of Zongte but had no children when she died in 1977.

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (8) Mang Tin Zing married Tial Hlei Sum of Zongte, now a retired school Teacher, and has 5 sons and 1 daughter and they live in Falam at present. Par Tin Par married Hniar Kulh (Singai Headman) and has 6 sons and 2 daughters and lives in Falam after her hus band died in 1986. She herself died in September 2007. (4)

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi of State Middle Schools till her death in 1997. Her husband was Hoi Lian of Vazang, a Veterinary doctor and had 2 sons and 4 daughters. Ni Dong also obtained a B.Sc degree and worked as a SAT before her marriage to Dr. Za Hlei Thang, M.B.B.S of Tlauhmun. They have 2 sons and 1 daughter and have migrated to USA. Thang Tin Lians youngest daughter Ngun Kip is a B.A degree holder and worked as Senior AssitantTeacher in Government Schools for many years. Her husband is Kei Mang of Zawlte and they have 2 sons and 2 daughters and live in USA.

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The remaining 5 youngest daughters listed below were all given education by their older brothers after the death of their father Thang Tin Lian and each held good teaching jobs in Government as described hereunder:(1) Hlawn Kip Thluai obtained B.A degree and Dip. Ed.(Australia) and in 1960 was the first woman University graduate in the whole of Chin State. She retired after working many years as SAT. Her husband was Run Ro Thang of Sim Dihai village, was Director, Central Law Office and they have 3 sons and 3 daughters before his death in 2001. She now lives in Yangon. Klem Kyin qualified as B.A and DT and is at present working as Asst. Professor of Mathematics in USA. Her husband is Rev. Dr. Hre Kio, Ph. D of Zokhua, now a retired Bible Translation Consultant and they have 3 sons and 1daughter. Cer Cin obtained her B.Sc degree and worked as Head

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Out of the 11 sons and 14 daughters left by Thang Tin Lian on his death, only 6 sons and 8 daughters aged between 64 and 87 are alive today.

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26. Establishment of Chief Thang Tin Lian Foundation

When we see Thang Tin Lians Ro-Innpi house in Tlauhmun we will-find it quite unique because for one thing none of the houses of the Chiefs in Falam Township, even in the whole of

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Chin Hills for that matter, is no more existing like Zahau Chiefs house in Tlauhmun. Furthermore the wooden floors used were of huge, almost unbelievable dimensions for Chin timber, being 43ft long and 3ft 2 inches wide and 2 inches thick. That meant trees of over 60-70ft high and 12ft girth were successfully handled and supervised by Thang Tin Lian himself who along with other villagers incurred great dangers. These feats could be compared with construction of pyramids of Egypt, how they could have lifted those huge blocks of stone. Therefore the Ro-Innpi deserves maintenance as long as possible. In this regard, it must be put on record that Tial Dum, who inherited Thang Tin Lians Ro-Innpi, gave away its ownership with good heart and free of all costs to Chief Thang Tin Lian Foundation for maintenance of the Building and Annexes for future generations by a signed Agreement on 22 December 2004. Realising the importance of maintaining Thang Tin Lians house (Ro-Innpi) and other important annex structures, the descendents of Thang Tin Lian and of his sisters decided to establish a Foundation on 1st Jan 2005 for the above purpose including opening a Museum by collecting the heirlooms and other valuable articles for permanent display. Accordingly, duties were apportioned as follows.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Board of Trustees (1) U Lal Tin Mang (2) U Tin Kio Bik (3) Rev. Lin Sein Lian (4) U Thla Iang (5) Daw Sui Cin (6) Pastor Mang Hlei Zing (7) Rev. Siang Za Khup (8) Rev. No Bual Hrang (9) U Van Hnuai Uk (10) U Hre Ling (11) U Vivian Sum (12) U Sa Mang (13) Prof. Daw Sa Lian Kai (14) Daw Kai Cem and (15) Rev. Dr. S. Hre Kio. Executive Committee (1) U Lal Tin Mang (Vice-Chairman) (2) U Tin Kio Bik (3) Rev.Lin Sein Lian (4) U Thla Iang (Treasurer) (5) Daw Sui Cin (6) Daw Mang Hlei Zing (7) Rev. Dr. S. Hre Kio(Chairman) (8) Rev. Siang Za Khup (Secretary) and

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (9) Rev.No Bual Hrang. Auditors (1) U Sa Mang, Falam and (2) U Al Duh, Yangon. Advisors (1) U Lal Bik (2) U Sum Mang (3) U Ral Lian Sum (4) Dr. San Lwai, M.D (5) U Sai Ling Thang (6) Daw Hlawn Kip Thluai (7) Daw Tlem Kyin (8) Daw Ngun Kip (9) Daw Ni Dong (10) Dr. Za Hlei Thang and (11) U Ngun Lian.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

28. List of Documents Attached

(1) Names of Children of Thang Tin Lian's 11 sons and 14 Daughters (According to age-seniority) (2) Consolidated Estimate of Cost of Restoration Work to Chief Thang Tin Lians Ro-Innpi, Tlauhmun. (3) Photocopy of letter written by Thang Tin Lian to his son Lal Bik. (4) Genealogical Tree of Zahau Lal Hrin. (5) Lay-out Plan of Chief Thang Tin Lians Residential compound, Tlauhmun village. (6) Map of Zahau Domain(Tribal Area) Under Chief Thang Tin Lians Rule.

27. Future Task

As explained in the foregoing, it is the bounden duty of all Thang Tin Lians and his sisters descendants to maintain in good condition the house and other structures in Tlauhmun as well as the heirlooms left by him for all their future generations to see.

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Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Annexure (1) Names of Children of Thang Tin Lian's 11 sons and 14 Daughters (According to age-seniority) 1. Kai Sin with husband Thang Cung Nung:(i) Sai Men (ii) Mang Ceu (iii) Bual Hlei ~ial (iv) Than Kip Luai (v) Za Hrem (vi) Hre Ling (vii) Khuang Lian Mang (viii) ~ial Em (ix) Sui Kio, and (x) Ni Hniang. 2. Ral Dun with wife Thang Thluai had no children. 3. Lal Bik with Sa Tin Zing:(i) Van Hre (ii) Lal Tin Mang (iii) Ni Siang Bik (iv) Henry Tin Kio Bik, and (v)Mang Tin Lian But with second wife Sung Hniang, he has no children. 4. Sum Mang with wife Khuang Tin Par:(i) Bawi Sung (ii) Van Hnuai Thluai (iii) Sa Lian Kai (iv) Thang Bur (v) Ral Rel Mang (vi) Cung Nung, and (v) Cin Mang. But with second wife ~ial Kulh Zing, he has no children. 5. ~ial Dum with wife Meih Htwe:(i) Sui Cin (ii) Van Thawm Lian (iii) Ni Kio (iv) Hlei Par (v) Khu Mang (vi) Cin Kim, and (vii) Tin ~ial.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi 6. Thang Tsem with wife Than Twe had only one daughter Bawi Zing. Then with second wife Yolanda:(i) Michael (ii) Christopher (iii) Mu Mu Tin (iv) Suzanne and (v) Tun Min (Ko Tu) But with third wife Bawi Nei , he had no children. 7. Za Hre Lian (formerly Za Hre) with wife Maizie Sui Men Twe:(i) Khaw Tin Mawi (Tin Mawi) (ii) Tin Em (iii) Tin Thluai, and (iv) Mang Tin Sia. 8. ~ha Hlei Sung with husband Tlang Sum:(i) Lal Hlawn Mang (ii) Kei Bual ~ial (iii) Thawm Lian Ling (iv) Kai Cem, and (v) Thla Iang. 9. Khuang Thluai with husband Lal Tin Khup:(i) Hrang Tin Kio (Tin Ko) (ii) Kawl Lian (iii) Than Hlei Kai , and (iv) Thu Mawi Then with second husband Ngun Hlei Mang, she has (v) Lal Ce Mang (vi) Hrang Vung Thang, and (vii) Lydia Cer Iang. 10. Thang Tin Tlem with husband No Zam:(i) Mang Hlei Zing (ii) Siang Lilian (iii) Mang Lilian (iv) Thang Lilian (Pa Uai) (v) Piang Lilian (Pa Kai)

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (vi) Kim Lilian (Pa Hniang) (vii) Ni Lilian, and (viii) Mawi Lilian. 11. Fung Thluai with husband No Hlei Tai:(i) Siang Za Khup (ii) Za Hleih Lal (iii) Luai Mang (iv) Ni Hre (v) Van Hnuai Uk (vi) Za Mang, and (vii) Mang Oo Lian, all sons. Kei 12. Kei Man with husband Van Kulh had only one daunghter Van Sui Em. 13. Sai Bil ~ial with husband Lian Cung Nung had no children. 14. Ral Lian Sum with wife Shwe Ha:(i) Lin Sein Lian (ii) Lal Cung (iii) Mang Cem (iv) Thang Sawn Lian (Thangte) (v) Cin Sung, and (vi) Cin Zing. 15. Mang Tin Zing with husband ~ial Hlei Sum:(i) Thawm Hu (ii) Sui Lan (iii) Sang La Sum (iv) Vivian Sum (v) Ci Luai, and (vi) Thang Lan Sum. Par 16. Tin Par with husband Hniar Kulh:(i) Hram Mang (ii) Tin Thang (iii) Duh Tin Kheng (iv) Lal Vung Thang (v) Bawik Zik (vi) Siang Hrin

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Cer ((vii) Hrang Bik Thang, and (viii) Ngun Cer Thluai. 17. Sai Ling Thang with wife from Laos:(i) Lily (ii) Vida, and (iii) Mary, all daughters. He has no children with second wife Lily from Falam. 18. Mang Bur with wife Tum Pen:(i) Sui Dim (iii) Ni Cem (iii) Thang Hook Luai (iv) Sen Cin (v) Sen Hngel (vi) Zing Thluai (vii) Hrin Lian Mang (viii) Duh Thlia, and (ix) San Hu. Then with second wife Cung Kim, he had (x) Mang Bawi Lian, and (xi) Za Za Sui. 19. San Lwai (Formerly Thla Khar) with wife Cavelle:(i) Ral Din , and (ii) Sanalee 20. Hlawn Kip Thluai with husband Run Ro Thang:(i) Lal Uk Thang (ii) Ro Mawi (iii) Tin Cung Thang, (iv) Van Dong (v) Ni Luai Thang, and (vi) Van Cin. 21. Klem Kyin with husband Stephen Hre Kio:(i) Van Tin Lian (ii) Za Lal Thawng (Bute) (iii) Lal Hre Lian (Mawte), and (iv) Dai Dim Par(Pante). 22. Cer Cin with husband Hoi Lian:-

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi (i) Za Hum Nei (ii) Hmin Than Kim (ii) Za Lun Mang (iv) Van Hnuai Kim (v) Ni Kung, and (vi) Mang Za Lian Kei 23. Kei Luai with wife Amar:(i) Wa Wa (ii) Phyu Phyu, and (iii) Aye Aye, all daughters. 24. Ni Dong with husband Za Hlei Thang:(i) Mi Lan Za (ii) Za San Oo, and (iii) Za Lian Maw 25. Ngun Kip with husband Kei Mang:(i) San Kip Thluai (ii) Thang San Bik (Ungda), (iii) Tin Bik, and (iv) Sui San.

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi Annexure (2) Consolidated Estimate of Renovation Work to Chief Thang Renov Lians Tin Lians Ro-Innpi at Tlauhmun 1. Main Building (66 ft by 26 ft 2 storeys):Work involving (a) Lifting the sunken posts and floor to original level and resting them on solid footing (b) Replacing missing/broken glass window-panes (c) Renewing weevil-eaten veranda floor, purlins and stairs with new hualtimber, (d) Earth oiling exposed wooden walls and (e) Painting the roof. K 2,300,000 2. Out houses such as (a) Kitchen and covered way, (b) Pig sty (latrine) (c) Shed(Zauthlam) K 1,200,000 3. Other Annex Structures such as (a ) Tomb (b) Retaining Annex walls (c) stone pavements (lungdaang) and (d) Water trough K 200,000 with platform 4. Zaute Platform Platform(65 ft x 16 ft) Renewing with Lenhai teak planks and local lain posts K 1,900,000

Thang Tin Lian Thuanthu Tawi 5. Fencing (610 ft) Rebuilding the teak plank fencing with Lawi posts in origi nal form:K 3,900,000 6. Supervision Charges K 500,000

Total K 10,000,000 7. Unforeseen Expenses 10% K 1,000,000

Total K 11,000,000 (Kyats eleven million only) Note:- This Estimate does not include expected cost of acquiring the missing original heirlooms such as guns, gongs, brass pots, beads and other ornaments for the proposed Museum. ( Lal Bik ) October 2007

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