ABAP Chapter 2

Report Statement Write & Format Statement Flow Control in ABAP Manipulating Character Data Report Driven : Page Report (List Header)

List Processing

Report Header Report Listing (Body)

Report Statement
* Syntax REPORT <report name> [NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING] [LINE-SIZE no of columns] [LINE-COUNT no of lines[(no of footer)]]. REPORT ztest1 NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING. REPORT ztest LINE-SIZE 132 LINE-COUNT 65(2).
sy-linsz

Text Element : Title&Headers

Report ztest. Write Hello World.

Text Element

Title and Headers This is test program by Prapoj List Header Column Header
Column #1 Column #2

Creating Lists

ABAP statement that create list

WRITE SKIP ULINE

The complete report list will appears automatically at the end of the processing block

List Buffer
Dialog WP TaskHandler
ABAP Processor
List Buffer

Local Memory
Memory Space

WRITE,SKIP,ULINE

Dynpro Processor

DB Interface

WRITE Statement
* Write data

WRITE Hello World. WRITE: OK, Test data. WRITE: /15(10) ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQ. WRITE /20 Test data.

Breaking to a New Line * Write data WRITE: / First Line, Data 1, / Second Line, Data 2, /(20) Third Line, Data 3, /35 Fourth Line, Data 4.
sy-colno

Text Symbol

Report ztest.
Write: Text-001,

Text Element
Text Symbols Text Symbol 001 002

Text-002.

Text
Text 1 Text 2

Text Symbol
write: / Text-001. write: / Text-001. write: / Text-001. write: / Text-001. write: / Text-001.

Column Position
DATA colno type I value 10. write: /5 Hello, at colno World. write: at /colno OK.

Options of the WRITE Statement

* Write Syntax
WRITE var [NO-ZERO] [NO-SIGN] [NO-GROUPING] [NO-GAP] [DECIMALS no of decimals]

Suppressing Blanks(NO-ZERO)
* No Zero
DATA: number(10) TYPE N VALUE 23. WRITE: number, number NO-ZERO.

Suppressing Number(+ / -) Sign

* No Sign
DATA: v_integer TYPE I VALUE -1. WRITE: v_integer, v_integer NO-SIGN.

NO-GROUPING
* No grouping
DATA: v_integer TYPE I VALUE 120000. WRITE: v_integer, v_integer NO-GROUPING.

NO-GAP
* No gap
WRITE: Hello NO-GAP, World.

DECIMALS
* Decimals DATA: v_pack TYPE P DECIMALS 4 VALUE 1234.5678. WRITE: v_pack, v_pack DECIMALS 2.

Formatting Options
* Format options of WRITE statement * LEFT-JUSTIFIED for Integer data * RIGHT-JUSTIFIED for Character data * CENTERED
Data tmp1(20) value test. WRITE: tmp1 CENTERED. test

Inserting Blank Lines(SKIP)

*Skip Statement SKIP. WRITE: Hello World, sy-linno. SKIP. WRITE: Test 1. SKIP 5. WRITE: Test 2. SKIP TO LINE 20. WRITE This is line 20.

Inserting Horizontal Lines(ULINE)

* Uline WRITE: Hello World. WRITE: /5(35) sy-uline, sy-vline. ULINE /5(35). ULINE. WRITE: / This is an underline. ULINE /(18).

Frame
uline: /(45). write: /1 sy-vline, 'Column #1', 15 sy-vline, 'Column #2', 30 sy-vline, 'Column #3', 45 sy-vline. uline: /(45).

Exercise I

sy-datum

sy-uzeit

FORMAT Statement
FORMAT [INTENSIFIED] [INTENSIFIED OFF] [COLOR <color>] [COLOR OFF] [HOTSPOT ON] [HOTSPOT OFF] [RESET]

FORMAT Statement FORMAT COLOR 1. WRITE: / Hello World, Test COLOR 7. FORMAT COLOR OFF.

FORMAT COLOR
FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR COLOR col_heading. col_normal. col_total. col_key. col_positive. col_negative. col_group. col_background. color 1 color 2 color 3 color 4 color 5 color 6 color 7 color off

Exercise I

Include Program

You can create a program with program type include program in the program attribute Include program do not have to have an introductory statement During the syntax check and during program generation by the ABAP compiler, the INCLUDE statement is replaced by the source text of the defined include program

REPORT ztest1. INCLUDE zinclude1.

Include Program : ZINCLUDE1

Data Data Data Data tmp(10). tmp1 type i. tmp2 type p. tmp3.

REPORT ztest2. INCLUDE zinclude1.

Symbols and Icons

* Display Icon or Symbol in List INCLUDE <LIST>. WRITE: / Phone :, SYM_PHONE AS SYMBOL. WRITE: / Alarm :, ICON_ALARM AS ICON. WRITE: / Green Light :, ICON_GREEN_LIGHT AS ICON HOTSPOT. FORMAT HOTSPOT ON. WRITE: / Hello ABAP, Hi!. FORMAT HOTSPOT OFF.

Flow Control in ABAP

Flow Control in ABAP

Branching ==> IF, CASE. Looping ==> DO, WHILE.

IF Statement
IF <Condition>. <Statement Block> ELSEIF <Condition>. <Statement Block> ELSEIF <Condition>. <Statement Block> ELSE. <Statement Block> ENDIF.

IF Statement
IF sy-mandt = 100. WRITE: / This is Production Client. ELSEIF sy-mandt = 800. WRITE: / This is Development Client. ELSE. WRITE: / This is Test Client. ENDIF.

CASE Statement
CASE <field>. WHEN <value1>. <Statement Block> WHEN <value2>. <Statement Block> ... WHEN OTHERS. <Statement Block> ENDCASE.

CASE Statement
CASE sy-mandt. WHEN 100. WRITE: / Production Client. WHEN 800. WRITE: / Development Client. WHEN OTHERS. WRITE: / Test Client. ENDCASE.

DO Statement
DO. WRITE sy-index. IF sy-index = 3. EXIT. ENDIF. WRITE: sy-index. ENDDO.

CONTINUE Statement
DO 5 TIMES. IF sy-index = 3. CONTINUE. ENDIF. WRITE: sy-index. ENDDO.

CHECK Statement
DO 4 TIMES. CHECK sy-index BETWEEN 2 AND 3. WRITE: sy-index. ENDDO.

WHILE Statement
DATA: count TYPE I value 1. WHILE count <> 4. WRITE: sy-index. count = count + 1. ENDWHILE.

Logical Expressions
>,GT <,LT >=, =>, GE <=, =<, LE =, EQ <>, ><, NE BETWEEN value1 AND value2 IS INITIAL

Arithmetic Operators
+ , - , * , / , ** DIV MOD Example : 9 / 2 = 4.5 9 DIV 2 = 4.0 9 MOD 2 = 1 SQRT( 2 ) = 1.41 2 ** 4 = 16

Character String Operator

if AABB co AB. F if ABCD co ABC. T if AXCZ ca AB. F if ABCD ca XYZ. T if ABCD cp +B*.
T

Manipulating Character Data

Manipulating Character Data

* Substrings with offsets DATA tmp(10) VALUE ABCDEFGHIJ. DEFGHIJ DATA tmp1(2). WRITE: tmp+3(7), BCDE tmp+1(4), ABCDEFGH tmp+0(8), HIJ tmp+7(3). MOVE tmp+4(2) TO tmp1.

SHIFT Statement
* SHIFT Statement DATA tmp(5) VALUE 12345. SHIFT tmp. 2345_ SHIFT tmp BY 2 PLACES. 345__ SHIFT tmp BY 2 PLACES CIRCULAR. 34512 SHIFT tmp UP TO 3. 345__ SHIFT tmp UP TO 3 RIGHT. __123 SHIFT tmp UP TO 3 RIGHT CIRCULAR. 45123 SHIFT tmp RIGHT DELETING TRAILING SPACE. SHIFT tmp LEFT DELETING LEADING SPACE.

SHIFT
* Shift DATA name(30) VALUE Alexander Bill Charles. SHIFT name UP TO Bill. WRITE: / name.
Bill Charles

SEARCH(Non Case-sensitive)
* Search DATA tmp(5) VALUE ABCDE. SEARCH tmp FOR C.
DATA tmp1(10) VALUE Till Bill. SEARCH tmp1 FOR Bill. IF SY-SUBRC = 0. WRITE: / SY-FDPOS. ENDIF.

TRANSLATE
* Translate DATA tmp(5) VALUE abc . TRANSLATE tmp TO UPPER CASE. TRANSLATE tmp TO LOWER CASE. TRANSLATE tmp USING 0. TRANSLATE tmp USING 0aA.

REPLACE
* Replace DATA tmp(20) VALUE I was a boy. REPLACE was WITH am INTO tmp. IF sy-subrc = 0. write Replace OK. ELSE. write Cannot find data to be replaced. ENDIF.

Removing Spaces(CONDENSE)
* Condense DATA: tmp(20) VALUE I am a CONDENSE tmp. CONDENSE tmp NO-GAPS.
Iamaboy

boy.
I am a boy

Concatenation String(CONCATENATE) * Concatenate DATA: tmp1(2) VALUE AB, ABCDE tmp2(3) VALUE CDE, tmp3(10). CONCATENATE tmp1 tmp2 INTO tmp3. CONCATENATE tmp1 tmp2 INTO tmp3 SEPARATED BY .
AB CDE

Split

* Split
DATA: name(30) value David, John, Peter, one(10), two(10), three(30). split name at , into one two three.

Working with Date Variables

* Date DATA today TYPE D. today = sy-datum. WRITE: today, Year : , today+0(4), Month :, today+4(2), Day : , today+6(2).

sy-datum+0(4)

WRITE TO
DATA: today TYPE D, tmp(10). today = sy-datum. tmp = today. WRITE tmp. WRITE today TO tmp. WRITE tmp. CLEAR today. WRITE today NO-ZERO TO tmp. WRITE tmp.

Invalid Date
DATA: today TYPE D. today = 20061321. today = today + 0. if today is initial. write: / invalid date. else. write: / today. endif.

Built-in Functions

ABAP provides a lot of built-in functions A Built-in function calculates a return value from an argument

abs sign sqrt strlen xstrlen

= = = = =

Absolute value of argument +/- sign of argument Square root Number of characters in arg Number of bytes in arg

STRLEN Built-in Function

DATA: tmp(20) VALUE Test String, count TYPE I. count = strlen( tmp ). WRITE count.

STRLEN Built-in Function Example

DATA: tmp(20) VALUE xxax, cntlen TYPE I. cntlen = strlen( tmp ). cntlen = cntlen 2. if tmp+cntlen(1) = a. cntlen >= 0 write: / OK. endif.

WRITE
*If we need the word like this Im a boy WRITE: Im a boy.

Exercise

Create program to display current month in text for example October

Report Driven : Page Report

Application Driven Programming

REPORT ztest. DATA: today TYPE D. today = 20061321. today = today + 0. IF today IS INITIAL. WRITE: / invalid date. ELSE. WRITE: / today. ENDIF.

Event Driven Programming

REPORT ztest. DATA today TYPE D. TOP-OF-PAGE. <ABAP statement> END-OF-PAGE. <ABAP statement> START-OF-SELECTION. <ABAP statement>

Report Driven List Header

REPORT ztest NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING. TOP-OF-PAGE. FORMAT COLOR 1. WRITE: /5 User Name, 25 Program Name. ULINE. START-OF-SELECTION. WRITE: /5 sy-uname, 25 sy-repid.

Report Driven Page Footer

REPORT ztest no standard page heading LINE-COUNT 10(2). TOP-OF-PAGE. FORMAT COLOR 1. WRITE: / Page :, sy-pagno. ULINE. END-OF-PAGE. ULINE. WRITE: / To be continue on next page . START-OF-SELECTION. DO 20 TIMES. WRITE: / sy-index. ENDDO.

TOP-OF-PAGE
REPORT ztest no standard page heading. TOP-OF-PAGE. FORMAT COLOR 1. WRITE: / 'Report Header'. ULINE. START-OF-SELECTION. DO 100 TIMES. WRITE: / sy-index. ENDDO.

ABAP Program Structure

Report ztest. *Data declaration data ... data begin of ... *Top-of-Page event top-of-page. *End-of-Page event end-of-page. *Start-of-selection Start-of-selection.

ABAP Practice

Exercise II

sy-datum sy-uname

sy-uzeit

sy-repid