Application of GIS on rainfall-runoff modeling for Taham catchment A runoff model has been developed using a GIS in order

to include spatial distribution in the model development. A coupling between GIS and a hydrologic model has been produced. This procedure facilitates an interaction between these two fields, to evaluate the effects of spatial distribution factors on the runoff process.

Development of a GIS Based Runoff Model with emphasis on The DEM: Model Concept: A synthetic unit hydrograph using spatially distributed topographical attributes was derived. An integration of time-area method, the SCS model and the unit hydrograph concept is applied in the model. The model is based on the rectangular grid (50 * 50 m) within which it is assumed that every cell is homogeneous in terms of land cover and soil type. The method consists of two phases: Flow Phase: The flow phase which describes the amount of direct runoff after each t from each cell and consequently from each isochron area and the flow routing of runoff. Cell by cell, through the catchment to the outlet. The flow phase analysis is carried out for each grid cell taken in hierarchical order for time step t in two stages: the first consist of estimating the internal runoff for each grid cell the second consists of routing the excess rainfall from adjacent grid cells (isochron area) through the grid cell (current isochron area) to the outlet in order to obtain the synthetic unit hydrograph and the total runoff leaving the catchment.

Flow Routing: The travel time which describes the time for routing the runoff from the inlet of each pixel to its own outlet, and the time for routing the runoff from that outlet to the catchment outlet.