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soft Outlook jzifhjzpfap?
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Microsoft word Think free, Zoho Writer,
Writeboard, Writely
Rally point, Jot Spot Live
Microsoft Excel Jot Spot Tracker, Numsum
iRows, Zoho Street
Power Point s5
Zoho Show
Office Suite Think Free, goffice
Zoho virtual Office
Microsoft Project Basecamp, Jot Spot Project,
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Source: Red Herring Research
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uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
Western Digital url Laptop uGefysLwm
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46 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

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50 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

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 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

Digital Media Home System

vmMu&onf / tqd k y g xdxda&mufa&muf Key Upgrades
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wGif memory &Sdaeonf/ txl; Maxter One Touch III
ojzifh 'pf*spfw,f "mwfyHk Turbo Edition : a':vm 750
rsm;ESifh AD'D,dkrsm;udk AD'D,kdwnf;jzwfrI vkyfief;jyKvkyfrnfqdkygu
wnf;jzwfEdkif&ef 500 GB 0ifqrhH yI rmP&Su
d m RAID jzifh
twG u f jzpf o nf / setup vkyfxm;NyD; RAIDO udkvnf; configure
2GB-RAM rS o mvQif vkyfEdkifjcif;aMumifh rsm;pGmtiftm;awmifhwif;oGm;apEdkifygonf/

ternal peripherals wdkYtwGufawmh pOf;pm; twGuf tylxGufEIef; enf;EdkiforQ enf;&ef

aumif; pOf;pm;Mu&rnf jzpfonf/ odYk twGuf MuHq xkwfvkyfxm;Muonf/ xdkYtwl yg0g
Socket AM2 CPU rsm;twGuf Shuttle SN oH;k pJrG eI nf;&efvnf; OD;pm;ay; aqmif&u G af vh
27 P2 uJhodkYaom small form-factor sys- &SMd uygonf/ odYk aomf GPU ESihf hard drives
tem wpfckudk toHk;jyKMu&awmhrnf/ rsm;rS tyltiftm;udv k nf; xnfo h iG ;f pOf;pm;
p&m vdktyfonf/ acwfopf high density
Cases ESifh Power Supply 7200 rpm &Sdonfh hard drives rsm;\ tyl
CPUs xkwv
f yk o
f rl sm;onf rdrw
d Ykd CPU xGufEIef;onf BuD;rm;vSonf/ High-end

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 51
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
acwfEiS t fh rD vkt d yfaom upgrade vkyaf wmhrnfqykd gu
rdrd jznfw
h if; wyfqifrI odrYk [kwf tqihjf ri§ wfh ifrI
aMumifh rdrv d yk if ef; aqmifwmrsm;wGif rnfrQ xda&mufrI
&So
d nfukd yxrOD;pGm avhvmMu&rnf/
graphics cards rsm;onfvnf; vnfywf
onfhtcg tylxGufEIef; BuD;aewwfonf/
odkYtwGuf toHk;jyKoltaejzihf system
wpfvHk;udk ydkifqdkifvdkvQif toHk;jyKrnfh Case
wGif vHkavmufaom airflow &Sdae&ygrnf/
¤if;ESit
fh wl tpOfwv JG su&f adS om power sup-
ply udv k nf; ATX 2.2 avmuf pOf;pm;vdMk u
ygvdrhfrnf/
vuf&Sd aps;uGufwGif PSUs awmfawmf
rsm;rsm;onf 700 W ESifhtxuf &Sdaewwf
onf/ odkYtwGuf ATX cases rsm;udk txl;
owdxm; a&G;cs,f&ef vdktyfvmygonf/
System wGif toH;k jyKxm;aom tpdwt f ydik ;f
52 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
rsm; vHkavmufpGm yg0gjznfhwnf;a&;twGuf
PSU onf tav;xm;pOf;pm;p&m jzpfvm
ouJhodkY tpdwftydkif;rsm;rS xkwfvkyfaom
tylrsm; avsmhenf; usqif;oGm;Edkifrnfh air-
flow &&SEd ikd af paom case rsm;udv
k nf; omref
a&G;cs,frIjzifh rjzpfEdkifawmhay/
r0,f,rl D pOf;pm;jcif;
acwfESihftrD vkdtyfaom upgrade rsm;
udk vkyfawmhrnfqdkygu r0,f,lrD pOf;pm;
wGufcsuf&ef vdktyfygonf/ rdrd jznfhwif;
wyfqifrI odkYr[kwf tqihfjr§ihfwifrIaMumifh
rdrdvkyfief; aqmifwmrsm;wGif rnfrQ xd
a&mufrI &Sdonfudk yxrOD;pGm avhvmMu&
rnf/ xda&mufrI twdik ;f twmESihf oH;k pG&J rnfh
wefz;kd udk csicfh sed &f efupd o
ö nf txl; ta&;BuD;
ygonf/
xdkYtwl system topfudk 0,f,ljcif;
jzifh rdrdvkyfief;twGuf tiftm;jznfhonfh
tcgwGifvnf; 0,f,lrnfh system wGif wyf
qif yg&Sdvmonfh tpdwftydkif;rsm;ESifh ywf
oufonfh specification rsm;udk aocsmpGm
avhvmMu&rnf/ Upgrade vkyf&ef vrf;p
ydwfaerIrsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;&rnf jzpfonf/
rvdv k m;tyfaom pGeYf pm;rIrsm;udv k nf; rvkyf
oifhay/ Oyrm Laptop wpfcu k kd 0,f,o l nfh
tcg GB RAM avmufrQ rygygu 0,f,l
NyD;NyD;csif; wpfqufwnf; upgrade vkyMf u&
awmhrnfh yHkpHrsKd; jzpfaeonf/
uHtm;avsmfpmG acwfopfueG yf sLwmrsm;
onf vkyfief;obm0tvdkuf toHk;jyKEdkifap
rnfh armf',frsKd;ESifh xkwfvkyfrIrsm; &SdvmMu
onf/ tBuD;pm; xkwfvkyfa&; ukrÜPDwdkif;
wGif vkyfief;OD;pm;ay; pD;&D;rsm; &Sdaeygonf/
odkYygí system wpfckvHk; upgrade vkyfvdk
onfhwdkif 0,f,lrnfh uGefysLwm\ tpdwf
tydkif;rsm;udk ,cifuxuf ydkrdk tav;xm;
avhvmoihfaMumif;udkvnf; jznfhpGuf wifjy
&jcif;jzpfygonf/
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Ref: PC Magazine, Jan 2007
 HP Scanjet G4050 Photo Scanner

HP rSxkwfvkyfaom Photo Scanner

av;jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk six-color
scanner [kvnf; ac:a0:Ekdifonf/
Scanner trsm;pkonf tvif;a&mif
tiftm;pkwpfckudk toHk;csavh &SdMuí
teD? tpdrf;? tjym[lí oHk;a&mifom
zwfavh&SdMuonf/ ,ck HP rS slides 16 ckukd three- colorLifebook
Fujitsu ESihf
scanning N6420
wpfNyKd ief uf six-color scanning
xkwfvkyfvkdufonfh G 4050 Scanjet
scan vkyEf idk o
f nf/ options udk BudKu&f m
av;onf oD;jcm;tvif;a&mif
a&G;oH;k Ekid o
f nf/
tiftm;pkESpfckudk oHk;xm;onf/
vlrsufpdjzifh jrifawGY&aom ta&mifrsm;twkdif; zrf;,lay;Ekdifonf/ ,cifu six-color printing vkyfief;pOfrsm;udkom
awGYjrifcJh&aomfvnf; ,cktcg six-color scanning vkyfief;pOfudk xyfrH awGYjrifcGifh&Muonfhoabmjzpfonf/
odkYtwGuf zvifrsm;udk scan vkyf&mwGifvnf; tvGefaumif;rGefaom t&nftaoG;udk &aponf/ 4 _6 vufr "mwfyHk
wpfyHkudk scan vkyf&mwGif 9 puúefYrS 28 puúefYtwGif; prescan vkyfay;í 12 puúefYrS 29 puúefYtwGif; tNyD;owf
Scan vkyfay;Ekdifojzifh 4 _ 6 vufr "mwfyHkwpfyHktwGuf pkpkaygif;MumcsdefrSm rdepf0ufcefYom&Sdonf/ Slides rsm;
jzpfygu 2400 ppi wGif wpfrdepfcGJjzifh tNyD; scan vkyfEkdifonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm a':vm 200 jzpfonf/

Epson Moviemate 33

tvG,fwul o,f,loGm;EkdifNyD; csufcsif; Screen onf

movie theater toGif qif,if axmifjh zwf
jyoEkdifaom ud&d,mav;jzpfonf/ twkdif;twm
tNrJwrf; {nfhcef;twGif; wyfqifxm; 60 vufrrS vufr
vQifvnf; cHhcHhnm;nm; &SdvSonf/ 80 txd
Moviemate 33 av;onf oH;k Ekid o
f nf/
tav;csdeftm;jzifh 15 aygifom
av;aomfvnf; three-chip LCD ,lepf\ twkid ;f
projector wpfck? built-in DVD player t&nftaoG; aumif;aumif; twmrSm 13 _
wpfck? audio system wpfckESifh pwD&D,dk DVD player wyfqif 19.5 _ 15.8
pyDumwpfpHkwdkY yg&Sdonf/ ¤if;ESifhtwl yg&v
dS monf/ vufrjzpfonf/
oD;jcm; subwoofer wpfvHk;ESifh screen
wdkYudkyg xnfhay;vkdufygao;onf/Screen rSm eH&HwGif csdwfqGJíjzpfap? tripod stand ESifhjzpfap wyfqif
toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ Projector \ tvif;tm;rSm 890 lumens ay;EkdifpGrf;&Sdonf/ tvif;tarSmif uGmjcm;rI&SdvmvQif
toHk;csEkdif&ef modes av;ck xnfhay;xm;onf/ Standard-definition input udk xdef;xm;Ekdifojzifh DVDs rsm;
zGifhMunfh&mwGif pdwfwkdif;us jzpfEkdifygvdrfhrnf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 999 a':vm jzpfonf/

54 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf

 Fujitsu Lifebook N6420
Media Center wpfckuJhokdY toHk;csEkdifaom notebook
trsKd;tpm;jzpfonf/ tav;csdeftm;jzifh 9 'or 6 om
av;í 17 vufrt&G,f wide screen wyfqif
yg&Sdvmonf/ Fujitsu rS Toshiba ESifh HP wdkYrS xkwfvkyf
aom Media Center trsKd;tpm; notebook rsm;udk
0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifEkdif&ef xkwfvkyfvdkufonf[k
,lq&ygonf/ N6420 lifebook wGif tvGef
jrefqefaom Intel Core 2 Duo T 7200 processor
oHk;xm;onfhtjyif 200 GB 0ifqHhrIyrmP&Sdaom
hard drive ESifhtwl HD-DVD ROM drive wdkY
wGJzuf wyfqifyg&Sdvmonf/ Built-in infrared remote
sensor ryg&Sdaomfvnf; USB attachment udk
xnfhay;xm;onf/ HDMI odkYr[kwf
DVI-output port wdkY ryg&Sdojzifh wDAGDESifh
wGJzufwyfqifíawmh r&Ekdifay/ USB port 5 ck?
FireWire port wpfckESifh 4 - in- 1 card reader wpfckwdkY
yg&Sdvmygao;onf/ wpfqufwnf; toHk;jyKygu
1 em&DESifh 14 rdepfcefYom &&SdaomaMumifh
bufx&DyHhydk;rItwGuf tm;&p&m raumif;vSay/
owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 2499 a':vmjzpfonf/
standard 200 GB hard drive
wyfqifay;xm;onf/
56 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
DLP projector
jyify&Sd external audio twGuf &Hzef&cH g
system rsm;jzifv h nf; rainbow effect rS
qufo, G Ef idk rf nfh port jyay;onf/
yg&o
dS nf/
Toshiba TDP-ET20U
tdrfoHk;taejzifhjzpfap? vkyfief;oHk;taejzifhjzpfap toHk;cs
Ekdifaprnfh rmwDrD'D,m DVD projector av;jzpfonf/
udk,fykdif DVD player ESifh audio system rsm; yg&SdNyD;
azsmfajza&;oHk; ud&d,mav;[kvnf; owfrSwfEkdifonf/
udk,fxnfudk yvwfpwpfjzifh jyKvkyfxm;aomfvnf;
'DZkdif;qef;opfí awmufawmufajymifajymif toGifrsKd;
&Sdonf/TDP-ET 20U \ tvif;ay;tm;rSm 736 lumens
om&Sdojzifh vkyfief;BuD;rsm;twGufrl pdwfwkdif;usjzpfp&m
taMumif;r&Sday/ 3 ay 6 vufr tuGmta0;wGif vufr
80 screen tm; tjynfhxdk; jyay;Ekdifaom tajctaeawmh
&Sdonf/ Standard definition 'DAD'Dt&nftaoG;udk
xkwfay;ygonf/ Wide Screen Format udk
480 p resolution jzifh xkwfay;Ekdifonf/ DLP rainbow
effect rsKd;awmh &Hzef&Hcg ay:vmwwfonf/
rnfokdYyifjzpfap ayghayghyg;yg;jzifh vG,fvG,fulul
o,f,loGm;Ekdifaom trsKd;tpm;jzpfaeojzifh pdwf0ifpm;ol
awmfawmfrsm;vsuf &Sdonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm
1399 a':vm jzpfonf/
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f maom burst mode Flash rSm
rSm oyfoyf &yf&yf &So
d nf/ yg0gtm;
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onf/
vlBudKufrsm;aprnfh feature rsm; t>ywfvkduf? tckdifvdkuf
xnfhay;xm;aom uifr&m[k nTef;qdkEkdifygonf/
7.2 megapixel t&nftaoG;ESifh 12 X optical zoom
wdkYuvnf; auseyfp&maumif;vSonf/ Tripod wyfqif
NyD;rS wnfNidrfaomyHkrsm; ½dkuful;Ekdifonf r[kwfay/
vuf\vIyf&Sm;rIaMumifh jzpfay:vmorQudk image
stabilization u aumif;rGefpGm ajz&Sif;ay;Ekdifaom tae
txm;&Sdonf/ ½dkufuGif;½dkufcsufrsm;ppfaq;&ef wyfqif
ay;xm;onfh LCD screen av;\ t&G,ftpm;rSmvnf; 12 X optical zoom yg0ifonf/
3 vufr&Sdaejcif;aMumifh vHkavmufjynfhpHkaeaponf/
tjcm; super zooms rsm;ESihf rwlonfhtcsufrSm RAW aomfvnf; oHk;aeus GUI a[mif;udkyif awGYae&onf/
image format jzifh ½dkufír&jcif; jzpfonf/ owfrSwf Video Clipsrsm; ½dkuful;rItwGuf oifhwifhavsmufywfpGm
a&mif;aps;rSm 599 a':vmjzpfjcif;aMumifh aps;EIef;BuD;jrifh toHk;csEkdifonf/ ¤if;wGif wyfqifyg&Sdvmaom flash rSm
vSonf[k qdkEkdifonf/ menu zGJYpnf;rI ajymif;vJxm; vdkonfxufydkí tm;aumif;aeygonf/

Olympus SP-510 UZ

aps;EIef; txkduftoifhjzifh uifr&mtoHk;jyKolrsm; trsKd; udkvnf; jznfhqnf;ay;xm;aMumif; awGY&onf/

tpm;tvkduf qE´jznfhqnf;rIrsm;teuf Olympus Effects rsm; zefwD;,louJhodkY ½dkufcsuftrsKd;rsKd;udk
uifr&mrsm;onf txift&Sm;jzpfaecJh&onf/ ,ck t&nftaoG;jynfh0pGm xkwfay;Ekdifonf/ Burst mode
xGufay:vmaom SP-510 UZ armf',fonfvnf; 7.1 rSmrl pdwfwkdif;us taetxm;awmh r&Sday/ Special xD
megapixel t&nftaoG;ay;um 10 X optical zoom memory cards rsm;udk xnfhoHk;&ojzifh a&G;cs,frI
tcGifhtvrf; enf;oGm;aponf/ tqdkyg card udkoHk;í
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AA aumif;pGm nTejf yay;Ekid o
f nf/ p&m aumif;vSonf/ 35 mm uifr&mESifh EdIif;,SOfvQif
bufx&Dudk 38mm,380 mm lens obm0rsKd; &&Sdaponf/ RAW
toHk;jyK&onf/ formats ESifh macro image file rsm;twGuf tmrcHcsuf
ay;Ekdifonf/ yg0gtwGuf AA bufx&DtrsKd;tpm;udkyif
toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ ½dkufcsufrsm;twGuf toHrxGufaomf
vnf; flash oHk;onfhtcg toHxGufaeonf/ Olympus
taejzifh superzoom yxrqHk; yg0ifvmrIwpf&yf
jzpfonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 329 a':vm jzpfonf/

AD',
D ½kd u
kd cf surf sm;twGuf special xD card ukd toH;k jyK&ef
vdktyfonf/

58 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf

 multi function cvkwf rsm;
3X optical
wyfqifxm;onf/
zoom yg&o
dS nf/

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tyg;vTmqHk;ukd,fxnfjzifh wnfaqmufxm;í prwf tvGewf &m yg;vTmaom

usus toHk;jyKEkdif&ef Samsung u pDpOfxkwfvkyfcJhaom
armf',fwpfckjzpfonf/ tvGefyg;vTmaom yHkpH'DZkdif;jzifh
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&,lEkdifum 3X optical zoom udkvnf; toHk;csEkdifyg
ao;onf/ teufa&mif awmufawmufajymifajymif
udk,fxnfwGif trsKd;trnf azmfjyxm;jcif;r&Sdaom cvkwf
13 ck wyfqifay;xm;NyD; 2 'or 5 vufrt&G,f LCD
screen av;wpfckyg&Sdonf/ ¤if;jzifh ½kdufuGif; csdefwG,f
jcif; ½dkufNyD;orQudk ppfaq;Munfh½Ijcif;wdkY jyKvkyfEkdifonf/
tvif;tarSmifcsdefwG,frI? teD;ta0; csdefwG,frI? wpfyHkNyD;
wpfyHk ppfaq;rIwdkYtwGuf tqdkygcvkwfav;rsm;udk
ud,
k x
f nf jzpfonf/
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toHk;csEkdifygonf/ tvGefaumif;rGefaom exposure
udk&NyD; ISO setting udkvnf; tjrifhqHk;txd
ay;xm;onf/ ½kyfyHkrsm;twGuf vkdif;aygif; 1900
&SdonfhyHkpHjzifh resolution aumif;aumif;xkwfay;Ekdifonf/
AD'D,kd½dkufcsufrsm;udkvnf; ydkifEkdifpGm pGrf;aqmif
ay;ygonf/ tvGefqef;opfaom interface onfyif
qGJaqmifrItjynfht0 &Sdaeonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm
399 a':vmjzpfonf/

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connections rsm; wyfqif,El idk o
f nf/
pwkdifyHkpHrSm tHhMooifhp&maumif;avmufaom taetxm;
&Sdí oifhwifhavsmufywfaom yHk&dyfrsm; zefqif;ay;Ekdif
aom aemufqkH;xkwf 46 vufrt&G,f LCD HDTV jzpf
onf/ wpfckvHk;tav;csdefrSm 78 aygifomav;NyD; pm;yGJ
odkYr[kwf cHkwef;ay:wGif toifh axmifxm;Munfh½IEkdif
onf/ ukd,fxnfabmifwGif bevel-shape yHkpHjyKxm;NyD;
awmufajymifaom teufa&mifjzifh qGJaqmifrI
ay;xm;onf/ txdkifrSmvnf; oval shape yHkazmfxm;
onf/ Video connection twGuf HDMI inputs ESifh HDMI
video inputs tpdwftykdif;ESpfckESifh yDpD toHk;jyKvdkolrsm; ports ESpcf k
twGuf VGA input wpfckwdkY toifh yg&Sdvmonf/ pGJruf On-display controls rsm;jzifh ygonf/
avmufp&m tqdkyg HD- compatible inputs twGuf tvG,w
f ul toH;k jyKEidk o
f nf/
resolution 1080 p txd yHhydk; aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifygonf/
Standard- definition video (480:) jzifh 'DAD'D ½kyf&Sifrsm; taejzifhrl aumif;rGefvSonf[k rqdkEkdifao;ay/ owfrSwf
udk ½Ipm;cGifh&Ekdifygvdrfhrnf/ deinterlacing performance a&mif;aps;rSm 3599 a':vmjzpfonf/

60 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf


xl;uJaom toH
t&nftaoG;
cHpm;Ekid o
f nf/
resolution
enf;aom screen
jzpfí ta&mif taoG;
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hf nf/
Palm Treo 750
Palms rS aemufqHk;xkwf smart phone jzpfonf/
w,fvDzkef;qufoG,frI t&nftaoG; tvGefw&m
aumif;rGefonf/ toHk;jyK& vG,fulonf/ Windows
Mobile phones trsm;pkxuf Web search wGif
omvGefaom tcGifhtvrf;rsm; &,lEkdifaponf/
Chatting vkyfvkdolrsm;tBudKuf jzpfaponf/ txl;ojzifh
Cingular ukrÜPD\ UMTS network ay:wGif
vkyfonfhtcg pum;oHrsm; Munfjr yDovSí twdk;
tus,fukd upm;&mwGifvnf; t&nftaoG;ajymif;vJcsuf
r&SdaMumif; awGY&onf/ ay;ydkYvufcHrI nDrQaom &orsm;
cHpm;cGifh &Ekdifonf/ Treo onf Bluetooth headsets ESifh
tvkyfvkyfcGifh ay;xm;aomfvnf; voice dialing udkrl
wHkYjyefEkdifpGrf; r&Sday/ acwfopf PDA phones rsm;teuf
bufx&Doufwrf; taumif;qHk;[k qkdEkdifonf/ yg&Sdaom
screen rSm 240 x 240 om ay;xm;ojzifh 320 x 240 ESifh
wyfqifxm;aom device rsm;avmuf tm;&p&m
raumif;vSay/ odkYtwGuf Qs, Dashes ESifh
Black lacks wdkYESifh EdIif;,SOfygu qGJaqmifrI
tm;enf;aeapygonf/ ¤if;twGuf
owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 399 a':vmjzpfonf/
62 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
RIM Blackberry 8703E
Professional tqifhjrifh vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk nufnuf
anmanm aqmif&GufEkdifaom w,fvDzkef;trsKd;tpm;
jzpfonf/ Blackberry 870 3E onf pD;yGm;a&;
vkyfief;BuD;rsm;udk aqmif&Gufvkyfukdifaeolrsm;twGuf
oD;oefYxkwfa0cJhonfvm;[kyif ar;avmufp&m
jzpfaeonf/ vufcHrItwGufjzpfap? ay;ydkYrItwGufjzpfap
toHnDrQpGm cHpm;cGifh&SdouJhodkY wyfqif yg&Sdvmaom
screen av;rSmvnf; wdusjywfom;í ta&mif
awmufypGm yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifonf/ ¤if;wGif
uifr&mESifh music player rygjcif;aMumifh
rmwDrD'D,mydkif;wGif tm;enf;onf[k qdkEkdifygonf/
Blackberry tm;vHk;wGif Pearl rSwpfyg; rmwDrD'D,mydkif;
tm;enf;rI &Sdaernfomjzpfonf/ EV-Do connection
ay:wGif tD;ar;vfudpöjzpfap? download udpörsm;jzpfap
jrefqefpGm aqmif&Guf,lEkdifonf/ udk,fxnfjAuf
tenf;i,f ydkus,fojzifh uD;bkwftoHk;jyK&mwGif
tqifajyvSonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm
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aps;EIef;[k qdkEkdifonf/
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EQ settings rsm; speaker system
udk csKUH í xnfo
h iG ;f
ay;xm;onf/
uGefysLwmrsm;ESifh wGJzuftoHk;jyK&ef &nf&G,fí xkwfvkyf
xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ Logitech \xHk;pHtwkdif; snazzy
entertaining design jzifh pwkdifususyHkpHjzpfouJhodkY toHxGufvnf;
graphics aumif;ygonf/ Touch-sensitive interactive display
rsm;jzifh toH;k screen udk toHk;csí xdef;csKyfrIrsm;udk aqmif&GufcGifh
awmfcaH y;onf/ ay;xm;onf/ Built-screen av;uvnf; tracks ESifh
em;Muyfvnf; artists trnfrsm;udk azmfjyay;Ekdifygonf/ omref
toifh yl;wGJ tcsdefwGifrl tcsdefem&Dudk jyoay;aeygvdrfhrnf/
yg&o
dS nf/ Sensitive cvkwfrsm;udkESdyf&mü rdrd&& ESdyfrSom
vkyfaqmifay;Ekdifonf/ Subwoofer wpfck ryg&Sdaom
aMumifh qGJaqmifrItiftm; enf;aeaponf/ Dynamic
Bass Equalization yg&Sdojzifh bass-heavy songs
rsm;twGuf tjynfht0 yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifygonf/
uGefysLwm toHk;jyKolrsm;twGuf vHkavmufjynfhpHkaom
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twGufrl vHkavmufrIr&Sd[k owfrSwfxm;Ekdifonf/
owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 149 a':vm jzpfonf/
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,SOfwkEkdifaom MP3 player av;jzpfonf/ owfrSwf
a&mif;aps;rSm 130 a':vmom&Sdí Nano xuf
aps;oufomonf/ ukd,fxnft&G,ftpm;rSm Nano xuf
wkdí Nano txlxuf tenf;i,f ydkxlonf/ Nano wGif
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odkYtwGuf AD'D,dkMunfh½IcGifh&Sdonf/ AD'D,dkyHkazmfrI t&nf
taoG;rSmrl odyftm;&p&mraumif;ay/ Aspect ratio
aMumifh[k qdkEkdifonf/ bookmark vkyf&ef multiple spots
rsm;udk y½dk*&rfwGif xnfhoGif;xm;Ekdifonf/ "mwfyHkrsm;
Munfh½I&mwGif ½dk;½dk;&Sif;&Sif; aqmif&GufoGm;Ekdifonf/
FM tuner vnf;yg&SdNyD; voice recorder tjzpfvnf;
toHk;csEkdifygonf/ Flash memory udk toHk;csxm;aomf
vnf; 0ifqhHrIyrmP 2 GB txd &Sdaeonf/ pdwful;
Rhapsody uJhodkYaom rnfonfh WMA-compliant Touch-sensitive pdwof ef;jzifh
aqmhzf0Judkrqdk xnfhoGif; toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ cvkwrf sm; wyfqif pDpOfxm;aom
Nano uJhodkYyif 4 GB yrmPjzifhvnf; xm;onf/ display av;
0,f,l &&SdEdkifonf/ yg&odS nf/

64 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf

NEW PRODUCT
NEW PRODUCTS IN YANGON
iPod Shuffle
MEGA Player 540
pGrf;aqmif&nfjrifhrm;aom portable digital audio/ video
player av;jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk photo browser tae
jzifhvnf; toHk;csEkdifygao;onf/ t&G,ftpm;rSm 95.3_
52.0 _16.8 rDvDrDwmom&Sdí tav;csdeftm;jzifh 95 *&rf
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qifay;xm;ojzifh audio twGufjzpfap? videotwGufjzpfap?
"mwfyHkodkrSD;&eftwGufjzpfap vHkvHkavmufavmuf
toHk;csEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ 1.8 vufrt&G,f CSN trsKd;tpm;
LCD display av; wyfqifyg&Sdvmonf/ ¤if;\
module rSm 128x 160 pixel jzpfonf/ audio formats
rsm;taejzifh MP3, WMA wdkYtjyif DRM audio files
rsm;udk cGifhjyKEkdifonfh WMA format wkdYudk cGifhjyKxm;onf/
Video twGuf M-JPEG format udk cGifhjyKxm;onf/ "mwfyHkMunfh½IrIwGif JPEG graphic files rsm;
yHhydk;aqmif&GufEkdifNyD; slideshow function rsm;vnf; yg0ifygonf/ FM a&'D,dkujzpfap?
tjcm; audio player wpfckckujzpfap
wkduf½dkuful;xnfhEkdifonf/ bmom pum;
avhusifhoifMum;aeolrsm;twGuf toHk;jyKEkdif&ef function
Packard Bell Audio Key rsm;vnf; yg0ifxm;ygao;onf/ Voice recording
,lepfav;taejzifhvnf; toHk;csEkdifonf/ FM a&'D,dkvnf;
Flash memory jzifh pDpOfxm;&Sdaom audio xnfhoGif;yg0ifxm;NyD;jzpfonf/
player av; jzpfonf/ 0ifqHhrIyrmP 256 «tvkd&Sdygu 36vrf;&Sd Smart Computer ta&mif;qkdifwGif
MB &Sdonf/ Audio formats rsm;twGuf 0,f,l&&SdEkdifygonf/»
MP3 ESifh WMA wdkYudk yHhydk;xm;&SdNyD;
jzpfonf/ Voice recording taejzifhvnf;
toHk;csEkdifygonf/ Voice recording
udpöwpfckwnf;twGuf toHk;jyKrnfqdkygu 15 em&Dpm xnfhoGif;,lxm;Ekdifonf/ toHk;jyK&ef yg0gtwGuf AAA
bufx&DwpfvHk;wnf;jzifh vHkavmufygonf/ yg0g
oHk;pGJrIEIef; enf;ojzifh bufx&DwpfvHk;udk 12
em&Dpmtxdd toHk;jyKEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ em;Muyfwpfck
toifhyg&Sdvmrnfjzpfaomfvnf; tjcm; head
phone wpfckckjzifhvnf; wyfqif toHk;jyKEkdifrnfh
pwD&D,kd*sufayguf yg&Sdxm;onf/ Audio file
rsm;twGuf USB interface jzifh
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66 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f
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68 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

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92 uGefysLwm*sme,f {jyDv? 2007 ckESpf

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tqifh(6)
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Gmail storage F.A.Q
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uGefysLwm*sme,f {jyDv? 2007 ckESpf 103

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113
 ART OF GAME
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114
(PREVIEW)
od&cufeufeJwJh Tiberium
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115
 ART OF GAME
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116
(PREVIEW)
fanatics vdk t&mrsKd;awG
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vmwJh ,lepfawGuawmh ydí k
tMurf;cHvmwJh black hand
infantry eJY scorpion light
tanks awGjzpfygw,f/ rSef
uefwJh upgrades awG jyK
vkyf Tiberium nodes awG
usm;ukwfusm;cJ&SmNyD; pD;yGm;
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stealth tanks eJY shadow
teams awGxkwfEkdifw,f/ 'D
,lepf ESpfckpvHk;u &efolY
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w,f / 'D t awmtwG i f ;
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avatar warmech ukdxkwfzdkY
jyifqifxm;Ekdifr,f/ rD;rIwf
wJh flame throwers wyfqif
yg&SdNyD; infantry omru
&ef o l structures awG y g
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]usL;ausmfol} vdkY ac:MuNyD;
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eJY wnfaqmufrItpDtpOf
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rjywfjzpfwhJ wdu k pf pfukd &Ekid f GDI eJY Nod u infantry
w,f/ 'gayr,fh upm;yHk awG e J Y r wl p G m aliens awG
pwkid rf mS tao;pm;pDrcH efYcrJG I [mTiberium awGtay: xd
micromanagement vdt k yf cdkuftemw&&rIr&SdbJ vrf;
w,f/ BuD;rm;wJh tkyfpkBuD; avQmuf E k d i f w ,f / tjcm;
ud k trd e f Y ay;&r,f h t pm; vlom; ppfom;awGuawmh
,lepf wpfckcsif;pDtMum; xdtk qdyo f ifyh pön;f awGtay:
ajymif;vJ t rdefY ay; rS avQmuf&ifdamage &r,f/
taumif;qH;k tvkyf jzpfr,f/ aemuf q H k ; taeeJ Y aliens
Aliens awG[m tjcm;urÇm awGrSm tcsdefwpfcsdeftwGif;
u ypönf; Tiberium awGeJY olwYkdyidk q
f idk Ef idk w
f hJ Tiberium
tqifajyqHk; jzpfwmaMumifh yrmP uefYowfcx H m;&wm
¤if;tuGuf t&G,ftpm;wl r&Sdbl;/ tjcm; factions
&if tjcm;tzGJYawGxuf ydkNyD; ESpfckrSmqdk&if olwdkY&JU odk
rsm;rsm; xkwf,lEkdifw,f/ avSmifryI rmP wd;k jr§izhf Ykd Ti-
*drf;aemufykdif;rSm jyKef;wD;NyD; berium silos awG tcsdefrSef
resource patches awG r S aqmufay;ae&w,f/ A-
awmif yg0g&atmif unlock liens awG[m Tiberium awG
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awG&JU taqmufttHkwnf
aqmufyHk[m ZmwdN*dK[fu
taqmufttHkudk interste-
llar portals eJY urÇmajrodkY
ydkYaqmif,lyHk jzpfygw,f/
Alien vehicles awG u
infantry units awGtay:
xda&mufrI r&Sv d bS ;l / Buzz-
ers vdYk ac:wJh tajccH infan-
try ,lepfu xl;jcm;w,f/
tHv k u
dk uf sif;vdu
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awGjzpfNyD; vehicles jzpf
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'DtzGJY&JU annihilator tripod
u *drf;twGif; wpfckwnf;
aom pGr;f tm;tBuD;qH;k ,lepf
jzpf E k d i f w ,f / qif p G , f E S m
armif; vufwHvdk tajr§muf
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my base teD;rSm xdcdkuf
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(PREVIEW)
zsufqD;rI tpGrf;BuD;rm;vSyg
w,f/
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upm;zdkY&m rdepfykdif;avmuf
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ly interface,'sidebar' com-
mand menu awGygw,f/
'gayr,fh 0g&ifhupm;orm;
awGtwGuv f nf; euf½idI ;f wJh
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command wk d i f ; twG u f
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scroll vkyfp&mrvdkbJ xkwf
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tay:rSm oifu move and
attack orders awG wku d ½f u
kd f
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wnfaqmufa&;udk general
buildings, defensive stru-
ctures, infantry, tanks eJY
aircraft ponfjzifh toD;oD;
cG J x m;vd k Y wpf N yd K if w nf ;
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single-player campaign
xuf tNydKiftqkdif jyif;xef
wJh mulitplayer tykdif;u
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jym;atmif? ppfajrjyiftwGif;
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vkyfay;w,f/ tao;pdwfrl
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awG? rD;awmufrIwf flame-
thrower attacks awG v d k
special attacks awG yg
w,f/ *drf;u vsifjrefwJh
multiplayer action 0if
a&muf csOf;uyfrI vG,fay
r,fh euf½dIif;wJh gameplay
xl;uJwJh graphics eJY tNydKif
tqkdif tournament game
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wefz;kd &Sw
d ,fqw kd mawmh &Si;f
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117
 ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

S.T.A.L.K.E.R : SHADOW OF CHERNOBYL

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f ifh
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AI u *drf;ZmwfaumifawG
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w,f qd k y gawmh / tjcm;
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119
 ART OF GAME
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games awGeYJ uGmjcm;oGm;ap
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quality avQmhNyD;Munfh&if
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tvkyfjzpfNyD; 102 FPS &
w,f/ Doom 3 u tykdif;
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vkyfr,fh data awG tukefvHk;udk main memory uae ,lyg
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uaepNyD;awmh xGufvmwmuawmh RIMM vdkYac:w,f/
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aemufwpfcku uRefawmfwdkY RAM Technology awG
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uRefawmfwkdY b,frSm xnfh&ovJ/ SIPP/ SIMM Slot rSmyJ
xnf&h w,f/ 'gayr,fh SIMM Slot rSmxnfw h ikd ;f First Page
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RAM ½dw S ,f/ First Page RAM with Parity ygwm &dw S ,f/
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EDO/SDRAM/SDRAM with SPD RAM &dw S ,f/ DDR
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123
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speed &r,f/
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data 0ifvmwmudk wpfv;kH csif; pDppfw,f/ ECC eJYumG w,f/
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0,fxm;wm P3, 750 MHz eJY run aew,f/ 'gqdk usdef;ao
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'gqdk&if wu,f SDRAM installation vkyfr,f/ bmeJY
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vkyfay;xm;r,f/ tJ'Dawmh CPU u RAM udk physically
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Buffer ygwmvkYd ajymwm/
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(Address Bus) ? tJ'DqufoG,fwJh vrf;aMumif;onf CPU
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wpfqifh b,foYluq kd ufo, G o
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uae main memory udkoGm;wJhvrf;uvnf; wpfvrf;oGm;
pepf/ tdkauyJ/ yxrqHk; Front Side Bus vkdufwm AMD
uaeNyD;awmh Front Side Bus qdkNyD; ESpfvrf;oGm;pepf vkyf
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eJYoGm;wJhvrf;usawmh wpfvrf;oGm;pepf/ tJ'Dawmh bmjzpf
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aMumif;awG jzpfvmw,f/ tJ'g'DrSmawGU&vdrhfr,f/ tJ'Dawmh
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udkoHk;w,f/ Intel Pentium 4 rSm av;vrf;oGm;pepfudk oHk;
w,f/ a½SUrSmajymcJhwJh Front Side Bus eJY twlwlyJ/
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atmif/ Dual Channel Architecture udk RDRAM Series
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sheet udk ESpfckcGJwm/ ckeajymNyD;NyD/ DRAM wpfacsmif; xnfh
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band wpfckudk Entry vkyfw,f/ aemuf core wpfcku
memory bank wpfckudk xyfNyD;awmh Entry vkyfw,f/ tJ'D
awmh processor trSefawmh wpfvHk;wnf;yJ/ wu,fh puf
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bank u ud, k Mf udKufoavmufxnfv h Ykd &w,f/ aemufwpfcg
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5V, 3.3V, 1.5V 'gawG uRefawmfwkdYoHk;ygw,f/ tJ'D awmh
FPM RAM &JU definition/ xnfhvdkufwJh DRAM awG
tukev f ;kH onf wlwmawG&w Sd ,f/ rwlwmawG &dw S ,f/ yxr
DRAM wpfacsmif;xnfx h m;w,f/ aemufxyf DRAM wpf
acsmif;vmxnfhw,f/ toHxGufaew,f/ Memory Error
xGuaf ew,f/ tJ'gbmvJq&kd if yxr xnfw h ahJ umif DRAM
(Register) &JU Key pin u aemufxyf DRAM (Normal)
&JU Key pin vGJaew,f/ DRAM 2 acsmif; rwlwmawG &dS
w,f/ 'DrmS qk&d if (Normal) 5V / (Register) 3.3V &dw S ,f/
rwlb;l / aemufwpfcv k J 'Dtwkid ;f yJ/ wpfcu
k DDR SDRAM,
aemufwpfcu k DDR SD-RAM (Register), aemufwpfcu k t&ifwkef;uawmh xHk;pHtwkdif;ygwm serial vkdif;? para-llel
DDR SDRAM (SPD)/
aemufwpfck/ 'Daumifu RDRAM/ Intel Pentium 4
850 Chipset rSm oH;k &r,fh DRAM Series onf RD-RAM
udk uRefawmfwkdYoHk;r,f/ RDRAM oHk;&if vGwfaewJh Bank
awGudk tvum;xm;vkdYr&bl; / bmxnfhay;&rvJ/ Head
spreader-CRIMM (Continuity RIMM) xnfhay;&r,f/
Bank udk Terminate vkyfay;&r,f/ olu Dual Channel
Architecture udk supporting vkyfw,fqdkawmh ESpfacsmif;?
wpf bank xnfh&r,f/ xnfhNyD;wmeJY uRefawmfwkdYusefwJh
vGwaf ewJh Bank udk 'Dtwkid ;f xm;vdYk r&bl;/ ydwaf y;&r,f/
ydwfay;rS&ygw,f/ 'gudk uRefawmfwkdY vGwfaewJhae&mrSm
xnfhay;&r,fh CRIMM (Continuity RIMM) vkdY ac:yg
w,f/ aemufydkif;xGufaewJh DDR2 wdkY DDR3 wkdY xGufyg
w,f/ Dual Channel Architecture udk supporting vkyyf g
w,f/
Head spreader - CRIMM (Continuity RIMM)
Motherboard eJY Chipset udk Munfh&atmif/ uRefawmf
wdkY CPU a&G;NyD;NyD/ Memory a½G;NyD;NyD/ bma&G;zdkYusefwmvJ
qd&k if tJ'aD umifawGomG ;wyfr,fh motherboard a&G;zdYk vkt
d yf
w,f/ tJ'aD wmh Motherboard a½G;NyDqu kd wnf;u mother-
board rSmygwJh Chipset taMumif;udk aumif;aumif; od&
126 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {jyv
r,f/ Chipset vdkYajym&if North Bridge eJY South Bridge
½dSw,f/ NyD;&if Super I/O Chip qdkwm&dSw,f/ tJ'Dawmh
North Bridge u b,folawGudk Handle vkyfvJ/ CPU
oGm;r,fhvrf;aMumif; ? RAM bufoGm;r,fh vrf;aMumif;?
PCI Bus awG? AGP Bus awGudk 'Daumifu OD;aqmifNyD;
tvkyfvkyfw,f/
South Bridge uusawmh Standard I/O interface
awGudk olu tvkyfvkyfygw,f/ t&ifwkef;u Legacy
device (Non Plug and Play) device awGjzpfwJh ISA
(Industry Standard Architecture) Bus awG? 8 bit, 16bit
ISA Bus awGudk olu Handel vkyfw,f/ Super I/O Chip
uawmh tcktopfxGufvmwJh Bus vrf;aMumif; awG?
vkdif;? tcku serial udkyJ Universal Serial Bus (USB) /
USB ygw,f/ IEEE 1394 ygw,f/
aemufwpfcgusawmh On Board/ Built In sound Card
awGygw,f/ VGA card, RAID card, On Board/ Built In
awGygw,f/ tJ'gawGudk oyfoyf Handel vkyfzdkYtwGuf
Super I/O chip qdkwm xyfxnfhxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifhrdkYvdkY
'DaumifawGudk (North bridge/South Bridge/Super I/O
Chip) udk Mother Board driver vkYd vaJ c:w,f/ twlwy l /J
BudKufovdak c:vdYk &w,f/ 'gaMumifh motherboard &JU Inter-
face device tm;vHk; Handel vkyfay;Ekdifw,f/
tJ'Dawmh Mother Board &JU Chipset udkodjcif;tm;jzifh
uReaf wmfwYdk bmawGov d Ydk&vJ/ Example ay;xm;w,f/ 850
Chipset motherboard awG? tckeajymwJh 8 series awGu
level 3 Cache ygwJh CPU oGm;xnfv h Ykdr&bl;/ bmjzpfvYdkv/J
olYrSm 'DZdkif;vkyfxm;wJh (MCC qdkwm Memory controller
Chip) tckuawmh uReaf wmfwYdku odomxif&mS ;atmifajym&if
North Bridge yJaygh/ North Bridge u Level 3 cache
twGuf 'DZdkif; vkyfrxm;wJhtwGuf tJ'DrSm oGm;xnfh&if r&
bl;/ aemuf wpfcg Memory Package Type 'godNyD;om;yJ/
FPM RAM wdYk? EDO RAM ygwmvm;? Parity ygwmvm;/
SPD Series? DDR SDRAM Series? RD RAM Series
vm;/ 'g b,folYtay:rSm rlwnfvJ/ Motherboard &JU
D ? 2007 ckEpS f

Chipset tf ay:rSm rlwnfaew,f/ 0,fvmwJh Motherboard
850 Chip Set/ usdef;aow,f/ tJ'g RD RAM Series yJ
xnfhvdkY&w,f/ tJ'Dawmh 845 Chipset, 848 Chipset, 865
Chipset, 875 Chipset awGqdk&if bmxnfhrvJ/ DDR
SDRAM awGxnfhvdkY&r,f/ tJ'DrSmrS aemufydkif;xGufwm
DDR2 &dSw,f/ DDR3 awG&dSw,f/ DDR 2/3 awGyg sup-
porting vkyfvm;? rvkyfbl;vm;/ RD RAM awG supp-
orting vkyfvm;? rvkyfbl;vm;/ tck aemufydkif;awGU&ifawmh
DDR eJY DDR-2, RD RAM awGyJ acwfpm;wm awGU&vdrfh
r,f/ tcktcsdef FPM RAM oGm;0,f&if bmjzpfrvJ/ aps;
awmif ydkBuD;aeao;w,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh tckcsdefrSm
r&dSawmhbl;/
'grSr[kwb f eJ YJ High End System awGrmS qd&k if bmawG
xnfhvJ MunfhMunfh&atmif/ Server awGvdkrsKd;? specialize
graphic PC vdkrsKd;? 'gqdk&ifawmh uRefawmfwkdY ECC RAM
awGudk xnfhay;&r,f/ tck vuf&dSoHk;aewJh Mother board
awGrmS ECC memory udk oGm;xnfMh unf/h tvkyf rvkyb f ;l /
bmjzpfvdkYvJ/ olYudk 'DZdkif;vkyfxm;wJh memory controller
Chip u ECC twGuf handle vkyfzdkYrygbl;/ 'gaMumifhrdkY
xnfhvkdYr&ygbl;/
aemufwpfcg Expension Bus ? tJ'D mother board
rSmygwJh External Data Bus udk Extension vkyfxm;wm
Expension Bus ygyJ / 'DbufrSmqdk&if ISA Bus? MCA
Bus? EISA Bus? VESA VL Bus? PCI Bus? AGP Bus?
PCI-X Bus? PCI-Express Bus? 'gqdk&if 1x wefzdk;uae
16X xd½w Sd ,f/ 'DrmS awmh uRefawmfwYkd 16X udyk J ud,
k pf m;jyK
xm;w,f/ Graphic vdkif;twGuf/ 'grsKd; Bus vrf;aMumif;
awGygvm;/ usdef;aow,f/ Pentium 3 vdkrsKd; Mother-
board 0,fr,fqdk&ifawmh EISA awGeJY PCI awGwGJvsuf
AGP Bus awGwGJvsuf awGU&vdrhfr,f/
Pentium 4 mother-board udk0,fr,f/ Pentium 3
uae Upgrade vkyv f mr,f/ sound card u ISA, Pentium
4 rSmxnfhvdkY&rvm;/ r&awmhbl;/ Pentium 4 rSm EISA
awG r&dSawmhbl;/ 'gqdk&if uRefawmfwkdY PCI card udkyJ xnfh
rSmaygh/ PCI Card xnfh &ifvnf; uReaf wmfwYdktwGuf tusK;d
rsm;ygw,f/ PCI onf Bus Mastering Architecture
t& udk,f udk,fwdkif Bus ay:rSm Handle vkyfay;Ekdifw,f/
'gaMumifhrdkY uRefawmfwkdY aemufydkif; 0,fr,fqdk&if PCI
interface eJYyJ card awG 0,fMuawmhw,f/ uJ.... tydkygwm
ACR (Advance Communication Riser) wkYd? CNR (Com-
munication and Net-working Riser) wd?kY 'Daumifu
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {jyv
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
Audio Card udk udk,fpm;jyKygw,f/ Modem Card udk
udk,fpm;jyKygw,f/ 'gu CNR Card uwfjzpfygw,f/
CNR (Communication and Networking Riser)
AMD Platform uxkwfvkdY ACR (Advance Com-
munication Riser) vkdYac:w,f/ Intel Platform uac:&if
CNR (Communication and Networking Riser)
vkYdac:w,f/ Communication and Networking Riser slot
utao;av;yJ/ 'gqdk&if aemufxyfygwm UDMA66 yg
wmvm;/ UDMA100 ygwmvm;/ UDMA133 ygwm
vm;/ udk,fh&JU Motherboard rSm Serial ygwmvm;/ Serial
RAID awGygwmvm; qdkwm od&r,f/ Share Expension
Slot awGygwmvm;qdkwmod&r,f/
wpfcgwpfavus&if awGU&vdrfhr,f/ Motherboard
awGrSaMujimxm;w,f/ Motherboard Al;ay:rSm PCI Bus
uig;ckwJh/ ISA Bus uESpfckwJh/ Share Slot u wpfckwJh/
tJ'gqdk b,favmufyJ oHk;vdkY&vJ/ olu bmvJqdk&if ISA
Slot eJY PCI Slot eJY uyfoGm;wJh ae&mu Slot u wpfckyJ
oHk;vdkY&w,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJ/ Expension Slot card u
[dkbufvSnfheJY 'DbufvSnfh ajymif;jyef/ tJ'Dawmh PCI 5
ig;ck qdk&if PCI 5 ig;ckoHk;vdkY r&bl;/ ISA ESpfckqdk&if ISA
ESpfckvHk;oHk;vdkYr&bl;/ olu Share Slot wpffckvdkY ajymxm;
w,f/ tJ'gqdk&if PCI udk uRefawmfwkdYoHk;r,fqkd&if tukef
oH;k r,f/ 5 cko;kH r,fq&kd if ISA 1 ckyJ oH;k vdYk&r,f/ tJ'gvnf;
od & r,f / aemuf w pf c k u awmh Motherboard ay:rS m
onboard VGA ygwmvm;/ LAN ygwmvm;/ IEEE 1394
ygwmvm;/ Modem ygwmvm;/ tJ'gawGod&r,f/ aemuf
On board series rSm VGA on board ygw,f/ Entry Level
PC, Budget PC uawmh aumif;aumif;oHk;vdkY &w,f/
127
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Graphic taeeJYq&kd if raumif;bl;/ 'gayr,fh LAN usawmh
ygvdkY&w,f/ tck 10 Mbps qdkwm r&dSoavmufyJ/ 100
Mbps network jzpfaeNyD/
aemufwpfcg IEEE 1394 ygvkYd&w,f/ 'gayr,fh olwYdu k vmw,fqkd used ;f aow,f/ Pentium 4 Series Motherboard
Dedicated wpfvrf;aMumif;eJY run wmawG/ uJ.... Modem
High Performance Chipset motherboard? DDR awG
supporting vkyfw,f/ DDR2 awG supporting vkyfonf/
SDRAM awG supporting vk y f w ,f / RDRAM awG
supprtiong vkyfw,f/ AGP awG supporting vkyfw,f/
AGP rSm 1X &Sdw,f/ 2X &dSdw,f/ 3X awmhr&Sdbl;/ 4X eJY
8X &Swd ,f/ 'D[mawGukd supporting vkyrf ,f/ ud, k f 0,fvm
wJh Motherboard u Chipset version edrfhae&if 'D[mawG
supporting vkyfvdkYr&bl;/ UDMA100 eJY UDMA133
hard disk channel awGukd supporting vkyv f Ykd r&bl;/ serial
ATA awG r&bl;/ Serial ATA RAID awGr&bl;/ USB
2.0 udk supporting rvkyfbl;/ IEEE 1394 (Fire Wire)
awGudk supporting rvkyfbl;/ 'DrSm tMurf;zsOf;yJ Chipset
udk ajymEdkifygw,f/
tJ'Dawmh 486 series arhxm;vdkuf&if&NyD/ 430 Series
eJY vmw,f/ tJ'gqdk&if Pentium series rSef;odw,f/ 'D
aemufu eHygwfawGu BX wdkY LX wdkY ZX wdkY HX wdkY
'gawGjzpfEikd w f ,f/ 440 Series eJYvmw,fqkd used ;f aow,f/
Pentium 2, Pentium 3/ tJ'Dawmh 'gqdk&if uRefawmfwdkYu
'D series rSe;f odw,f/ uJ 8 series eJYvmw,f qd&k if Pentium
AGP 8X Slot
PCI-Express 1X Slot
128 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {jyv
3 &Sdw,f, Pentium 4 &Sdw,f / 810 Chipset, 820 Chipset,
815 Chipset eJYvmw,fqdkusdef;aow,f/Pentium 3/ 845
Chipset, 865 Chipset, 848 Chipset, 875 Chipset eJY
yJ/ Integrated Controller Hub (ICH) version awGrSm
trsdK;rsdK;&Sdw,f/ W version &Sdw,f/ G version &Sdw,f/ R
version &Sdw,f/ R version qdkwm bmvJ/ RAID System
ygw,fvdkYajymwm/ W version &Sdw,f/ ICH-W, tJ'gqdk&if
Wireless udk supporting vkyfwm/ tck Latest xGufaewm
ICH-7 qdkwJhaumif 7 rSm G wGJvdkufw,f/ tJ'gqdkbmvJ
graphic card on board ygw,fvdkY ajymwm/ chipset udk
MunfhwmeJY odw,f/ uJ Nine series tJ'g pentium 4
chipset Prescott h series awG y J / Nine series awG u
Pentium 4 with PCI express ygvmw,f/ PCI express rSm
1X wefzdk;&Sdw,f/ 16X &dSw,f/ 16X u b,folYtwGuf
oH;k wmvJ/ graphic twGuf oH;k wm/ tJ'aD wmh ud, k 0f ,fvu kd f
wJh graphic PC qifr,fq&kd if 'DEpS cf u
k kd uRefawmfwYkd a&G;r,f/
b,folYudk a&G;rvJ/ bma&G;rvJ/ Graphic card seprate
udk a&G;rSmaygh/
'gqdk&if motherboard 0,fr,fqdk&if Processor &JU
Package Type? motherboard rSmygvmwm Pocessor
Socket Type ? Mother board rSm 0,fvmwmu slot1
type xnfhvdkYr&bl;/ 'gaMumifhrdkU Processor &JU socket
type udkvJ od&r,f/ Socket u high speed CPU awGudk
run vkyfEdkifvm; rvkyfEdkifvm;vJod&r,f/ aemuf
wpfcgus&if motherboard &JU bus speed, tcke
ajymcJhNyD;NyD/ EDB udk,f0,fvmwJh motherboard
&JU Bus speed onf Pentium 3 motherboard
udk0,fvmw,f/ tJ'Dawmh chipset Munfhvdkuf
w,f/ 820 wdkY 815 series wdkY0,fvmawmh Pen-
tium 3 motherboard uawmh[kwfNyD/ 'gayrJh
tJ'DrSm Processor b,favmufxd xnfhvdkY&vJ
qdkwm tJ'D board ay:rSm bmygvJqdk&if Multi-
plier ygw,f/ ajr§mufazmfudef; tjrifhqHk; b,f
avmuf x d y gvJ ? 8 xd y gw,f / b,f a vmuf
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avmufxd vkyfvdkY&vJ/ 800MHz xdvkyfvdkU
&w,f/ tJ'DvdkrsdK; 8 eJY ajr§mufazmfudef;ygwJh
Motherboard 0,frvm;/ 10 xd ajr§mufazmfudef;
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D ? 2007 ckEpS f

xd ajr§mufazmfudef; ygwm 0,frSmaygh/ 'grS bmjzpf vJ CPU
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standard Bus speed odae&r,f/ tJ'Dawmh Duron wdkU?
Athlon XPwdkUrSm olY&JU standard bus speed onf 200
eJY 400 Mum;rSm &Sdw,f/ bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh olu ESpfvrf;
oGm;pepfudk/
uJ 'gqdk&if Pentium 4 Base qdk b,favmuf&SdrvJ
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uae 800 MHz yJ/ Dual Channel qdk&if 800MHz
xdjzpfvmvdrrhf ,f/ 'g Pentium 4 Base/ aemufwpfcgus&if
cache momery motherboard ay:rSmygwhJ Level 1 cache,
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rvkyfvm;vdkY od&r,f/ tJ'gqdk&if cache memory u uRef
awmfwdkY a&SUrSmajymNyD;NyD/ On chip Level 2 cache ½dSw,f/
On die Level 2 cache &dSw,f/ Level 3 cache handle
design tckxGufaewJh 'gawGygvdkY &ygw,?f
tcktcsdefus&ifawmY Sound Card awGawmfawmf
rsm;rsm; ygygw,f/ 'D[mvJ oabmayguf&ygr,f/ Sound
Card 5.1 Surround Sound pepfukd Supporting vkyw f ,f/
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qdkwJY Sound yg&if tJ'gudk 6 Channel Sound vdkYac:w,f/
7.1 udkbmvdkYac:vJ 8 Channel Sound vdkYac:w,f/ tJ'g
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
bmajymwmvJ? Speaker wyfr,fqdk&if Speaker 5 vHk;
wyfr,fvdkY ajymwm Subwoofer wpfvHk;wpfvHk;wyfygvdkY
ajymwm/ tJ'g 5.1 Series vdkYac:w,f/ 7.1 udkbmvdkYac:vJ?
'Daumifq&dk if Sperker 7 vH;k wyfygvdYk ajymwm/ Subwoofer
(1) vH;k wyfygvdYk jymwm/ 7.2 Version &Sad o;w,f/ tJ'gqd& k if
Sub woofer (2) wyfyg/ 'gawGuawmY Sound awGay:rSm
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vkyrf ,f/ SPDIF output ygvdrrhf ,f/ S w Sony udak jymwm/
P u Phillip udk ajymwm/ D u Digital Interface Format
'gbmvJqkd&if Sony eJY Phillip ukrÜPDu aygif;jyD;awmY 'D
Interface udkxkwfxm;wm/ 'grsKd; Series awGygvm;/ uJ
'gqd&k if 'D Card awGukd Installation vkyzf Ykd twGuf uRefawmf
wdkYtwGuf ta&;MuD;qHk;jyóemu 'DaumifyJ/ Big 3 prob-
lem vdYk ac:w,f/ IRQ, IO Port, DMA ? t&ifw;kH u ud, k f
[mudk,f Configur vkyfay;&w,f/ tcktcsdefrSm Configur
vkyfay;p&mrvdkawmYbl;/ tckaemufydkif; oHk;wJh[mawGu
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b,fol&wmvJ/ PCI Card u&w,f/ 'gaMumifh PCI Card
udk 0,foifhw,fvdkY ajymwm/
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tvGefenf;cJhygw,f/ 'gayr,fh ESpftenf;i,ftwGif; jrefjrefqefqef wdk;wufvmvdkufwm tckvnf; 12GB NANO
1"Thumb drive qdkwJh wpfvufromom (1.9_1.9_0.6 vufr) t&G,feJY tav; csdef 1.5 atmifpom&dSwJh hard
drive uav;udk Pocketec (www.pocketec.net) u xkwfvkyfvdkufygNyD/ ¤if; drive uav;udk USB port rSm
csdwfqufzdkY&m 180 'D*&D ywfvnfvSnfhay;EdkifNyD; tcsufjyay;r,fh LED rD;uav;vnf; ygygw,f/ USB2.0 eJY
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rsm;rSmvnf; oHk;Edkifygw,f/ oD;jcm; yg0gay;p&mvnf; rvdkyg/
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4200RPM jzpfygw,f/ trnf tjynfhtpHk a&;&&if 12GB Nano 1" USB
2.0 Micro Hard Drive qdkygawmh/ uJ 12GB qdkwJh storage udkawmh oif
auseyfavmufNyD xifygw,f/ MP3 oDcsif;awG? "mwfyHkawG? zdkifawG
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xnfhzdkY tdwfuav;&,f? driver CD, USB cable eJY vrf;nTefpmtkyfvnf;
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f nf/ American Standart
jyefqkday;cJhonf/ uGefysLwmwpfvHk;onf ]]vlwpfa,muf Code for Information Interchange ukdMunfhyg/
NrdKUxJa&mufaeygu ol okdYr[kwf olr\b,fbuf ajc
axmufrSmvnf; NrdKUxJa&mufaeonf}} qdkaom tykdowif; ASCII art : ASCII character set (ykHwGifMunfhyg/)ukdom
tcsuftvuf r&&Sdxm;ygu ]]rpöwmvifuGef; 0g&Sifwef tok;H jyKonfh tqifjh rifeh nf;ynm rD',
D w
H pfct
k wGi;f rS tqifh
'DpDwGif &mufaeonf}} qkdaom 0gusrsKd;ukd tajz&atmif edrfh tEkynmwpf&yfjzpfonf/ Smiley rsm;onf e-mail
wGufEkdifrnfr[kwf[k ÓPf&nfwkokawoeynm&Sif a'guf message rsm;teuf
*vwfpf vDeufu axmufjycJhonf/ rdrdESifhuGefysLwm pdwfcHpm;rIqkdif&mESifh
b,foluykdí vdr®myg;eyfovJ[k rdwfaqG pOf;pm;Munfhzl; vlrIa&;qkdif&moabm
ygu qkdcJhonfh OyrmaMumifh oHo,&Sif;oGm;avmufNyD[k obm0rsm;ukjd znfq
h nf;
,lq&ygonf/ ay;onf/ ( Smiley
onf ab;wkduf vJS
ascender : pmvHk;ao;tu©&mwpfvHk;\ yifrukd,fxnf tdyfaeonfh rsufESm
(x-height ) txufwGif wufaeonfhtydkif;ukd &nfnTef; xm;jzpfNyD; ;-) onf
onf/ aysmf&Tifaeonfh rsuf
ESm ;-( onfrsuaf rSmif
ascending order : w,fvDzkef;rSwfwrf;ESifh ypönf;tpdwf ukyfxm;onfh rsufESm
tykdif;rsm; rSwfwrf;uJhokdYaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;ukd wkdYukd &nfñTef;onf/

130 uGefysLwm*sme,f {jyDv? 2007 ckESpf

 uGefysLwmtbd"mef
ASCII : Application Specific Integrated Circuits ukd
Munfhyg/

aspect ratio : ykH&dyfwpfck (okdY) azmfjycsufwpfck\ tus,f

ESifhtjrihfwkdY\ qufoG,frItcsKd;ukd &nfñTef;&ef uGefysLwm
*&yfzpfwGif tokH;jyKonfhpum;vHk;jzpfonf/ *&yfzpfykH&dyf
wpfcu k dk t&G,tf pm;jyefjyifonft h cg (pau;jyefcsonft h cg)
tcsKd;ysufroGm;ap&ef aspect ratio rajymif;atmif xdef;odrf;
ay;&onf/ okYd r[kwv f Qif pmvH;k rsm;? ykrH sm; tcsKd;ysufomG ;Ekid f
ygonf/

assembler : y½kd*&rfwpfckukda&;&mwGif y½kd*&rfbmom

pum;wpfckckukd tokH;jyK&onf/ ,if;bmompum; wpfckck
onf (tweftoifh avhvm½kHjzifh) rdrdem;vnfEkdifaom
ñTefMum;csufrsm;ukd jznfhqnf;ay;onf/ okdYaomfvnf;
uGefysLwmrsm;onf wpfESifh oknrsm;(ones and zeroes ) L 3,OLDOH
omyg0ifonfh machine language (pufbmompum;) ac: A 3,RECPT
S 3,ISSUE
tjcm; bmompum;wpfrsKd;ukdvnf; em;vnfMuonf/ ST 3,NEWOH
Assembler wpfckonf tqifhedrfh y½kd*&rfbmompum; SVC D
(assembly language) jzifh a&;om;xm;aom bmompum; OLDOH DC F’9'
ukdpufbmompum;tjzpfokdY bmomjyefay;onf/ (Basic, RECPT DC F,4
Pascal okdYr[kwf C uhJokdY) tqifhjrifh bmompum;jzifh ISSUE DC F
NEMOH DS F
y½kd*&rfa&;onfhtcgwGif ,if;y½kd*&rfukd pufbmompum; END
okdY bmomjyef&ef compiler wpfckukd tokH;jyK&onf/tqifh BEGIN
edrEhf iS hf tqifjh rifu
h dk ½k;d ½k;d ESi½hf yI af xG;ayGv[
D al om pum;vH;k rsm;
[lívJGrSm;rrSwf,lrdygapESifh/ tqifhjrifhbmom pum;onf assign : (1) uGey
f sLwmjzifh tvkyv
f yk af eonfu
h mvtwGi;f
pufbmompum;rS aemufxyfcGJxkwfxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ tokH;jyKa&;twGuf uGefysLwmtokH;cspepf wpfpdwfwpfykdif;
okYd jzpfí tqifjh rifb h mompum;qko d nfrmS vltrsm; em;vnf (Oyrm -y&ifwmwpfck)tm; y½kd*&rfwpfckjzifh t&efoifh xm;
&ef vG,fulaom bmompum;jzpfonf/ tqifhedrfhaom &Sday;jcif;jzpfonf/ Allocate onf assign ESifh tvm;wl
bmompum;onf pufbmompum;ESifh eD;pyfonf/ okdYaomf onf/ okdUaomfvnf; uGefysLwmjzifhtvkyfvkyfaepOf xdef;
vlem;vnf&ef cufcJonf/ csKyfcx
H m;&NyD; owfowfrw S rf w
S f [mh'0f w
J pfct
k m; owfowf
rSwfrSwftcsdefwGif tjcm;y½kd*&rfokH;pJGEkdifatmif zefwD;ay;
assembly language : uG e f y sLwmtok H ; jyKol t m; onf/
y½kd*&rfwpfcka&;qGJ&mwGif numeric instruction rsm;tpm; (2) vkyfaqmifrIpepfwcsKdUu tokH;jyKaom command wpfck
mnemonic rsm;okH;pJGEkdif&ef jyKvkyfay;onf/ ,if;onf jzpfonf/ tjcm; disk drive wpfckokdUoGm;&ef &nfñTef;csuf
tqifhedrfhy½kd*&rfbmompum;wpfckjzpfNyD; machine code tm;vHk;ukd owfowfrSwfrSwfdisk drive wpfckqDokdY oGm;cGifh
language ESifhwlonf/ Procedure-Oriented Language jyKonf/
wkdYESifh qefYusifbufjzpfonf/ (asterisk; star; splot) (1) DOS command wGif * udk
START 256 Wildcard tjzpf tok;H jyKonf/ Directory trnf okYd r[kwf
BEEN BALR 15 0 file trnfrsm;ukd &nfñe T ;f tok;H jyK&mwGif directory tm;vH;k
USING *, 15 okdYr[kwf file tm;vHk;ukd,fpm; tokH;jyKonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f {jyDv? 2007 ckESpf 131

 uGefysLwmtbd"mef
asterisk (Ä) : 1/ oauFwwpfckukd ñTef;qkd&eftokH;jyKaom
oauFwwpfckjzpfonf/ Oyrm search feature (&SmazGcsuf
wpf&yf) vkyaf y;aomy½k*d &rfwiG f us,fus,fjyefYjyefY &SmazG&ef
twGuf þoauFwrsm;ukd tokH;jyKEdkifonf/ bookstore,
book-keeper, bookish paom pum;vHk;rsm;ukd rdrdokH;ae
onhf y½kd*&rfwGif &SmazGEkdifonf/ vkH;csif;pmvHk;rsm;twGuf
tokH;rsm;onfhoauFwrSm (?) jzpfonf/
2/ Disk wpfckrSaeí zkdifrsm;ukdrdwåLul;jcif;? zsufjcif;jyKonfh
tcgwGif zkdiftkyfpkwpfckukd a&G;cs,fowfrSwf&mwGifvnf;
asterisk ukd tokH;rsm;onf/
Oyrm-*.BAK [laom ½kdufcsufonf .BAK ygonfh zkdif
tm;vH;k ukd qkv
d o
dk nf/ *.* (pwm;-a'gh-pwm; [k toHxu G f
onf/) qkdvQif zkdiftm;vHk;[k qkdvkdygonf/
3/ ocsFmyHkaoenf;rsm;wGif ajr§mufjcif;ukd ñTefjyonfhtcg
(*) ukd tokH;rsm;ygonf/
4/ wpfcgwpf&H pmpDpm½kduf y½kd*&rfrsm;ü foot note tjzpf
tñTef;jyKvkyf tokH;jyKonf/ ****
5/ e-mail message wGiv f nf; tok;H jyKonf/ Eat****and
die!
6/ under line wm;&efvdkaom
ae&mtcsKdUwGif underline
wm;&ef tqifrajyygu &nfñTef;tokH;jyKonf/
asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) : tcsuftvuf
rsm;tm; cell rsm; okdYr[kwf ykHaot&G,ftpm;&Sd packet rsm;
jzifh vJTajymif;rItay: tajccHonfh uGef&ufenf;ynmwpf&yf
jzpfonf/ enf;ynma[mif;rsm;tokH;jyKonfh unit rsm;ESifh
EIdif;,Ofygu ATM tokH;jyKonfhcell rsm;rSm t&G,ftpm;
ao;i,fonf/ ao;i,fonfhyHkrSef cell t&G,ftpm;rsm;
onfATM equipment tm; wlnDonfhuGef&ufay:rSaeí
video,audio ESifh uGefysLwmtcsuftvufrsm;tm; xkwfvTifh
cGifhjyKonf/ rnfonfhtcsuftvuf trsKd;tpm;wpfckurQ
vkid ;f wpfcv
k ;Hk ukd avmbwBuD;rok;H pGEJ idk af tmif tmrcHcsuaf y;
onf/ avmavmq,f taumiftxnfazmfxm;onfh ATM
rsm;onf tcsuftvufajymif;EIef;ukd 25 mbps (mega-bit
per second) rS 622 mbps txd taxmuftuljyKonf/
þtcsufonf LAN trsm;pktwGuf vuf&t dS ok;H jyKaeonfh
enf;ynmjzpfonfh Ethernet 100 mbps ESifh EIdif;,Ofí&
onf/ ATM onf Internet bandwidth jyóemtwGuf
ajz&Sif;csufukd udkifaqmifxm;onf[k wcsKdUuxifMuonf/
okdYaomfvnf; r,HkMuolrsm;vnf; &SdaeMuonf/ ATM onf
tcsuftvufajymif;rI pwifonfhtcgwkdif; point ESpfck
132 uGefysLwm*sme,f {jyDv? 2007 ckESpf
ATM Transfer and switching
experimentation system
tMum; ykHaochannel okdYr[kwfroute wpfckudk zefwD;ay;
onf/ þtcsuftvufonf TCP/IP ESifh uGJjym;jcm;em;
onf/ TCP/IP wGif message rsm;ukd packet rsm;tjzpf
cGJjcm;onf/ packet wpfckpDonf pwifonfhae&m(source)
rS qkdufa&muf&mae&m (destination) txd uGJjym;jcm;em;
onfh route wpfckudk &,lEkdifonf/ þuGJjym;jcm;em;rI ATM
uGe&f ufwpfciG w f iG f tcsuftvufo;Hk pJrG rI sm;ukd ajc&maumuf
aiGawmif;cH&mwGif ykdrdkvG,fulaponf/ odkUaomfvnf; uGef
&uftoGm;tjyef vrf;aMumif;twGif; ½kwfw&uf tokH;rsm;rI
rsm;ESifh vkdufavsmnDaxGatmif pDrHEkdifpGrf;enf;yg;&onf/
ATM service ukd 0,f,lonfhtcgwGif a,bk,staejzifh
a&G;cs,fp&mtrsKd;tpm;av;rsKd;&Sdonf/ Constant bit rate
(CBR) - onf ykHao bit rate udkowfrSwfjy|mef;onf/ okdY
jzpfí tcsuftvufrsm;ukd ykHrSefpD;qif;EIef;jzifh ay;ykdYonf/
þtcsufonf tiSm;okH;pJGonfh vkdif;wpfckESifh qifwlonf/
Varible bit rate (VBR) - onf owfrSwfjy|mef;xm;onfh
tcsuftvufajymif;EIef;wpf&yfukd jznfhqnf;ay;onf/
okUd aomfvnf; tcsuftvufrsm;ukd wpfnw D pfnmwnf; ay;
ykdYjcif; r&Sdyg/þtrsKd;tpm;onf toHESifh AD'D,kdaqG;aEG;yJG
tcsuftvufrsm;twGuf vlBudKufrsm;onfhtrsKd;tpm;
jzpfonf/ Unspecified bit rate (UBR) - onf rnfonfh
tcsuftvuf ajymif;EIef;tqifhukdrQ tmrrcHyg/ þtrsKd;
tpm;ukd zkid v f aTJ jymif;rIuoJh Ydk aESmifah ES;rIrsm;ukd pdwrf &Snof nfh
application rsm;twGuf tokH;jyKonf/ Available bit rate
(ARB) – onf tmrcHcsuf&Sdonfh tedrfhqHk;tcsuftvuf
ajymif;EIef;ukd jznfhqnf;ay;onf/ okdYaomfvnf; uGef&uf
tvkyt f m;vyfonft h cgwGif tcsuftvufrsm;ukd ykí d jrifrh m;
onfh tcsuftvufajymif;EIef;jzifh vJTajymif;cGifhjyKonf/

asynchronous transmission : tcsuftvufrsm;
xkwfvTifhonfh ykHpHwpf&yfjzpfonf/ wpfBudrfvQif character
wpfck xkwfvTifhonf/ Character wpfckESifhwpfck xkwfvTifhrI
Mum;wGif tcsdeftajymif;tvJ&Sdonf/ a,bk,stm;jzifh
rkd'rfrSwpfqifh xkwfvTifh&mwGif tokH;jyKonf/ Asynchro-
nous transmission onf owfowfrSwfrSwf tcsdefykdif;rsm;
jzifh character rsm;ukd cGJjcm;&ef,lepfrsm;ukd ay;ykdYvufcHEkdif
aponf?h cJaG 0ok;H pJo
G nfh timer wpfct k ay:wGif rScD &dk efrvkt
d yf
onfhtwGuf xkwfvTifhvkdufonfh character wpfckpDwGif
(character ukd,fwkdifjzpfonfh) data bit ta&twGufwpfck
yg&Sdonf/ ,if; data bit rsm;\a&SUwGif start bit [kac:onfh
‘’begin character “ signal wpfckyg&Sdonf/ Data bit
rsm;qkH;oGm;vQif optional parity bit wpfckvmonf/,if;
parity bit aemufwi G f stop bit [k ac:onfh ‘’end character
“signal 1 okdYr[kwf 1.5 okdYr[kwf 2 jzifh tqHk;owfonf/
AT : 16-bit 80286 y½kdqufqmukd okH;aom IBM u
pwifOD;aqmifxkwfvkyfonfh uGefysLwmjzpfonf/ AT onf
IBM \Advanced Technology personal computer ukd
Fast Advanced Technology
Attachment (ATA)
uGefysLwm*sme,f {jyDv? 2007 ckESpf
uGefysLwmtbd"mef
&nfñTef;onf/ okdYaomf ,cktcg 80286, 80386, 80486
tygt0if 16-bit okdYr[kwf 32-bit y½kdqufqmokH;aom
IBM PC pHcsdefESifh vkdufzufnDaom rnfonfhuGefysLwmukd
rqkd ac:qkd&nfñTef;onf/
ATA : Fast Advanced Technology Attachment ukd
twkdaumufac:aom trnfjzpfonf/ EIDE enf;ynm
wpf&yfjzpfNyD; drive controller vkyfaqmif&nfukd SCSI
enf;ynmvkyfaqmif&nfrsKd;ESifh eD;pyfatmif zefwD;ay;onf/
þenf;ynmtm; rGrf;rHrIrsm;wGif Fast ATA-2 vnf;
yg0ifonf/ Fast ATA-2 onf tcsuftvufrsm;ukd 16.6
mbps EIef;jzifh ajymif;a&TUay;Ekdifonf/
ATAPI : Advanced Technology Attachment Packet
Interface \ twkdaumufjzpfonf/ CD ROM rsm;? Top
dive rsm;ukd ½k;d ½k;d IDE ATA PART rsm;wGif wyfqiftok;H jyK
Ekdif&ef ‘'DZkdif;jyKvkyfxm;onf/ ATAPI hardware rsm;vnf;
aps;csKdomNyD; ,aeYtxdtokH;jyKaeqJ adapter rsm;wGif tqkd
yg enf;ynmukd okH;pJJGvsuf&Sdonf/ CD-ROM rsm;twGuf
ATAPI onf CPU resource tenf ; i,f u k d o k H ; pJ G & ef
oifhawmfonf/ Adapter jzpfaomfvnf; jrefqefpGm aqmif
&Gufjcif; r&Sdyg/ Tape drive rsm;twGufqkdygu ATAPI
onf floppy drive rsm;tok;H jyKjcif;xuf jrefqefrEI iS hf pdwcf s
&rIukd ay;ygonf/
Atari ST : Atari aumfykda&;&Sif;rS jyKvkyfaom uGefysLwm
trsKd;tpm;rsm; jzpfonf/Atari ST uGefysLwmrsm;onf
68000 range of processor rsm;ukd tokH;jyKonf/ IBM
PC rsm;ESifh qufpyfokH;pGJí r&acs/
(qufvufazmfjyygrnf/)
133
 tqifh (1) tqifh (2)

Image topfudk tjzLa&mif background aemuf Filter > Distort > Shear odkY oGm;
eJYpyg/ tvkyfudk us,fus,fvGifhvGifh vkyfvdkY& yg/ 'Dae&mrSm oifvkyfzdkYvdkwmu Bwd*Hudk yHkrSm
atmif 800x 800 px t&G,x f m;yg/ New Layer jyxm;wJhtwkdif; wGefYwGefYvdrfvdrf yHkpHjzpfapzdkY
aysmah ysmif; vdrf button udk ESdyfNyD; Layer topfjyKvkyfxm;yg/ shear dialog box u rsOf;vkdif;udk click ESdyf?
,Suaf ewJh qif 'D tutorial u tentacles erlemu plastic toGif [dkqGJ 'DqGJ vkyfzdkYyJ/ pdwfBudKuf&wJhtcg OK udk
ESmarmif;yH?k EG,yf ?kH &Sw
d ,f/ 'gayr,fh oifv&kd m b,fvkd trsKd;tpm; click ESdyfvdkufyg/
a&b0JvufwH udkrqdk zefwD;vdkY &ygw,f/ ta&miftrsKd;rsKd;
"tentacle"
tjyif ajymifvufwJh chrome tvif;ayguf
'DZidk ;f awGukd wall glass zefom; pwmrsKd;awG vkyfvdkY&w,f/
papers awG?
Toolbar ay:u Polygon Lasso udak &G;jcif;jzifh
splash pages
pwifvkdufyg/ OD;cRefatmufpkdufaewJh Bwd*H
awGrmS jrifz;l MurSmyg/
wpfcq k yJG g/ Zoom out vkyzf Ykd vk&d if vdv
k rd rhf ,f/
yHrk eS t
f m;jzifah wmh
Bwd*H&&if oifvdkcsifwJhta&mifeJY fill jznfh&r,f/
tJ'gawG zefw;D zdYk
3D modeling
'DerlemrSmawmh # 8FCFFF udk oHk;xm;w,f/
y½d*k &rfawG oH;k & Ctrl +D ESdyfNyD; deselect vkyfyg/
ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh
vkyfwwfr,fqdk&if
oif[m tJ'gawGukd
Photoshop eJw Y if
zefw;D vd&Yk ygw,f/
b,fvdk 3D
application rS
rvdyk gb;l /
'Denf;rSm tNy;D owf
yHu
k tNrw J rf;
wpfypkH wH nf;awmh
rxGub f ;l / usyef;
jzpfaer,f/ 'gayr,fh
Munfah umif;rSmuawmh
aocsmygw,f/ tqifh (3)

tck Free Transform (Ctrl+T) udkoHk;NyD;

oifh&JU a&b0JvufwHudk oifhpdwfBudKuf vSnfh
wm? t&G,fajymif;wm? yHkoGifajymif;wmawG jyK

134 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf

vkyfyg/ oif[m ukd,fhvuf&m udk,fjyefMunfhNyD; yDwdjzmae
r,fqdkwm oHo,r&Sdygbl;/ 'gayr,fh 'Dtqifhxd oifh&JU
tqifh (4)
vuf&mu ½dk;pif; jym;csyfNyD; NiD;aiGYp&m jzpfaeao;w,f/
Selection rjyKwfygapeJYOD;/ Layer topf xyfíjyKvkyf
(oifh&JU pdwful;ylazmif;av;ukd azmufrdwJhtwGuf aqm&D;yg)
Brush udk udkifzdkY tcsdefusygNyD/ Brush tool udk a&G;yg/ F5
yg/ Selection &JU tem;pGe;f awGukd brush eJY t&ifvyk if ef;pOf
ESdyfNyD; Brushes Palette udkac:yg/ Palette menu uaeNyD; twdkif; xyfrH jc,foyg/
Drop Shadow brush udk ac:,lyg/ tem;zGmwJh brush
wpfckck a&G;yg/ Foreground ta&mifukd rlvta&mifxuf
enf;enf;&ifhwm a&G;yg/
a&b0JvufwH&SdwJh Layer thumbnail tay: Ctrl +
click acgufNyD; selection ,lxm;yg/ New Layer button
udk ESyd Nf yD; Layer topf jyKvkyyf g/ Selection &JU tem;pGe;f awG
udk brush eJY vdkufí jc,foyg/

tqifh (5)

tck highlight jc,foygr,f/ Selection rjyKwfao;cif

Layer topf xyfvy k yf g/ Foreground udk tjzLa&mifxm;NyD;
'Dwpfcgawmh selection &JU tv,fyikd ;f rSm Munhaf umif;atmif
jc,foyg/ xHk;pHtwdkif; Blur eJY Layer mode tajymif;tvJ
udk Munfhaumif;atmif upm;Munfhyg/
Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur odkY oGm;yg/ erlemyHkrSm
13 pixel xm;ygw,f/ Layer mode udk Normal uae
Luminosity odkYajymif;yg/ Opacity udk 50% ay;yg/

uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf 135

 tqifh (8)

tJ'D Layer group udk vkdoavmuf Duplicate Layer

vkyfNyD; Ctrl + T eJY resize, rotate, shear, Free Transform
tqifh (6) trsKd;rsKd; jyKvkyfyg/ Layer blending udk upm;Munfhyg/
tck tem;pGef;rSm tenf;i,f ydkíeufarSmifatmif vkyf
Mur,f/ rlv a&b0Jvufw&H &dS m Layer udk active jzpfatmif
vkyyf g/ Ctrl + click eJY selection ,lyg/ oif&h UJ Foreground
color udk ydNk yD;eufarSmifwhJ tjyma&mifxm;yg/ Edit > Stroke
odkYoGm;NyD; 2px 'grSr[kwf Munfhaumif;atmif xm;yg/

tqifh (7)

Layer palette u Create New Group udE k ydS Nf yD; Layer

Set jyKvkyy
f g/ ckeu Layer awGukd Layer Group xJ qGx J nhf
yg/

136 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf

345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234 uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234
345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234
345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234
tD;ar;vf tifwmeuf [lí ay:ayguf oH;k pGv J mMuonfEiS hf xyfusyrf uGm vdu k yf gvmonfh vkyif ef;
345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234
345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234
345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234
ESifh aqmif&u G cf suw f pfco k nf electronic mail ac: tD;ar;vf (e-mail) jzpfonf/
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tem odkYr[kwf System32) rS
defrag.exe udk &Smyg/ ¤if;zdkifudk
awGUvQifzsufyg odkYr[kwf trnf
ajymif;ay;xm;yg/ xdkodkY &SmazG&m
wGif Search udkoHk;ívnf; &SmEdkif
onf/ xdkYaemuf Start > Run udk
zGifhNyD; Run wGif 'SFC' vdkY ½dkuf
xnfhyg/ ¤if;onf System File
Checker udk qdv k Nkd yD; defrag.exe
zdkifudk &Smum aumfyDul;,lum
C:\Windows folder xJoYkd xnfh
ay;vdkufyg/
use the System File Checker
to extract a fresh copy of
defrag.exe to the C:\Windows
folder.
ar;cGef;rSmygwJh error mes-
sage t& 'Snap-in failed to in-
itialize' ygaevdkY ¤if;onf Win-
dows 2000 odYk r[kwf Windows
Defragmentation qdkonfrSm
uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
XP nTef;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ ¤if;
twGuf registry rSm 0ifNyD; jyif&
ygvdrrhf ,f/ Start > Run... udk zGihf
NyD; 'regsvr32 dfrgsnap.dll' vdkY
½du
k xf nfah y;yg/ aemufwpfcg 're-
gsvr32 dfrgui.dll' vdkY xyfNyD;
½dkufxnfhyg/ xdktcg 'DllRegis-
ter Server in dfrgsnap .dll' eJY
'DllRegisterServer in dfrg-
ui.dll succeeded.' qdkNyD; box
ay:vmygr,f/ OK udk uvpf
vkyfvdkufyg/ 'Dvdkenf;eJYrS jyó
em &dSaeao;&if Start > Run udk
zGifhNyD; '%windir%\inf' vdkY ½dkuf
xnfhyg/ ¤if;onf inf zdkvf'gudk
zGivhf ukd jf cif;jzpfNyD; ¤if;jrifuiG ;f xJ
rS dfrg. inf zdkifudk &Smyg/ zdkifudk
awGUvQif armufpf nmuvpfvkyf
NyD; ay:vmaom pop-up menu
rS install udk uvpfvkyfvkdufyg/

A Defrag vkyfief;pOfeJY ywf Defragmentation onf [mh'f'pfay:wGif ae&mtESHY odkYr[kwf

oufvdkY thirdparty vdkY ac:wJh wpfppDuGJxGufaeaom zdkifrsm; odkYr[kwf odkavSmifrItpDtpOfudk

tjcm; aqmhzf0Judk jzKwfvdkuf&if
0if;'d;k pfpepfxrJ mS build-in ygvm
wJh defragmenter yg ysufoGm;
jcif;onf jyóemwpfck jzpfaeyg
w,f/ Windows 95, 98, Me
twGuf ¤if;pD'Dudk jyefwifNyD;
restore vkyf,lEdkifygw,f/ yxr
0if;'d;k pf zdv
k 'f gxJoYkd 0ifNyD; (Sys-
pepfwus jyefvnf pkpnf;ay;onfh vkyfief;pOfudk qdkvdkygonf/
[mh'f'pf rsufESmjyifwGif tnDtrQ owfrSwfay;xm;aom cluster
rsm; &dSonf/ zdkifwpfckckudk save vkyf odrf;vdkufonfESifh tqdkdyg
zdkift&G,ftpm;ay: rlwnfí cluster wpfckcsif;rS bytes rsm;tjzpf
¤if;wdkY vufcHEdkifonfh owfrSwfcsuftwdkif; ae&m,l odrf;qnf;
oGm;rnf jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif cluster wpfck\ t&G,ftpm;onf
uGefysLwmpepftay: rlwnfí owfrSwfcsuf &dSonf/
Oyrmtm;jzifh cluster wpfckonf 512 byte ae&m 0ifqhHonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 157

Word oifcef;pm





pdwt h ,Sujf zpfp&m Word jyóem
f aESmift
tcef; (1) tykid ;f (1)
rdru
d eG yf sLwmwGif memory vHak vmufr&I adS p&ef ppfaq;jcif;
Annoyance
uGeyf sLwmwGif memory rvHak vmufaomaMumifh Word
vkyfukdifaepOfrSmyif uGefysLwm &yfwefYoGm;wwfonf/ odkY
aomf Microsoft rS Word twGuf memory vdktyfae
aMumif; owday; xkwfjyefjcif; r&Sday/
Fix
Microsoft rS Office twGuf a,bk,s oabmt&
memory awmif;cHrI xm;&Sdwwfygonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh Of-
fice 2003 qkdygu 128 MB- RAM txuf &Sdoifhonf[k
azmfjyyg&Sdvmwwfonf/ Office XP taejzifhrl OS ESifh
,SOwf í
JG nTe;f qkx
d m;avh&o
dS nf/ Windows XP qkyd gu 128
MB udkvnf;aumif;? Windows 2000 udk qkdygu 64 MB
udk vnf;aumif;? Windows Me odkYr[kwf Windows NT
jzpfygu 32 MB udk vnf;aumif;? Windows 98 jzpfaeygu
24 MB ukdvnfaumif; awmif;cHavh &Sdygonf/ tqkdyg
awmif;cHjcif;rsm;tay:rS xyfqifhí application wpfckcsif;
tay: 8 MB ydk;í xyfrHay;&ef vdktyfygao;onf/
tqkyd g awmif;cHcsurf sm;tay: wGeYf wrdk yd gu pGr;f aqmif
&nfydkif; avsmhenf;csKdU,Gif;rIrsm; &SdEdkifygonf/ taMumif;rSm
operating system uyif RAM udk tm;jyKNyD; vkyu f ikd &f onfh
tjyif Word taejzifh xyfrH awmif;qkrd rI sm;aMumifh jzpfonf/
orm;½d;k us Word 2003 tydik ;f wpfcw k nf;rSmyif documents
rsm;udk aqmif&GufMu&mwGif RAM rS 50 MB ESifh Virtual
memory rS 25 MB udk toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ Windows XP
158 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv
onf Word 2003 xuf awmif;qkdiwfrGwfrI tenf;i,f ykd
enf;aeonf/ tu,fí jyóemuif;pGm word udk vnfywf
toHk;jyKvkdygvQif rdrdyDpDwGif vdktyfonfxuf ykdrkdí&Sdaom
RAM udk &Sdxm;&ygvdrhfrnf/ tu,fí Windows XP
odYk r[kwf Windows 2000 jzifh vnfywfaeaom yDpjD zpfygu
Word udk toH;k jyKvkv d Qif 256 MB avmuftxdyif awmif;qdk
rnfjzpfaMumif; odxm;&ygvdrhfrnf/ Memory tm;vHk; ppf
aq;&eftwGuf
À tu,fí rdrduGefysLwmwGif memory rnfrQ &Sdaeonf
ukd csufcsif; od&Sdvkdygu My Computer wGif right-
click vkyfum Properties (odkYr[kwf) Windows Key
+ Break udk wGE J ydS í
f a&G;cs,Ef ydS v
f u
kd af omtcg System
Properties dialog box cif;usif; jyovmygvdrhfrnf/
¤if;wGif General Tab rSwpfqifh od&SdEkdifygonf/
À Memory rnfrQudk toHk;csaeaMumif; ppfaq;vkdygu
taskbar twGif; vGwfaeaom ae&mwpfckwGif right-
click vkyfí Task Manager udk a&G;,lum Perfor-
mance tab udk click vkyfvkduf&onf/ Physical
Memory ae&mwGif Total tajctae? Available tajc
taetm;vHk;udk jrifawGUEkdifonf/ xkdae&mwGif azmfjy
xm;rnfrSm kilobytes rsm;jzifhom jzpfygvdrhfrnf/
Megabytes jzifh odvkdygu 1.024 jzifh pm;Munhf½Hkom
&Sdonf/
À Word taejzifhyif memory rnfrQ toHk;csaeonfukd
ppfaq;Munhfvkdygu Processes tab udk click vkyfum
Image Name column wGif WINWORD.EXE [lonfh
pmvH;k udk &Smvdu
k Nf yD; Mem Usage column wGif Munh½f I
Ekdifygonf/ Word taejzifhyif RAM udk rnfrQ oHk;
D ? 2007 ckEpS f



Word oifcef;pm 

xm;aMumif;jrif&rnf/ Virtual memory yrmPukd jrif \ Start up switch wGifyif options udk toHk;csí rdrd
awGUvdkvQifrl view okdYoGm;í Select Column a&G;um tvkd&Sdaom Word pEkdifaprnfh shortcut udk xnhfxm;ay;&
Virtual Memory Size box wGif MunhE f idk o
f nf/ NyD;vQif rnf jzpfonf/
OK cvkwfudk click vkyfvdkuf½Hkom &Sdonf/
Startup Switch wpfct
k wGuf oifah vsmaf om shortcut wpfck
Log On vkyo
f nft
h cgwiG f tvdt
k avsmuf Word udk p,lap zefw;D jcif;
jcif; Word version vdu k íf rnfoYkdvyk af qmif&rnfukd tenf;
i,f uGJjym;Ekdifaomfvnf; zefwD;vkyfaqmif&rnfh obm0rSm
Annoyance
twlwlyif jzpfonf/
rdrdtaejzifh wpfcsdefvHk; Word udk toHk;csae&oljzpf
yxrOD;pGm ppfaq;rItwGuf Word Shortcut udk right
aomaMumifh log on vkyv
f udk of nfEiS hf tvdt
k avsmufqo
dk vdk
- click vkyfí Properties udk a&G;um Shortcut Tab odkY
Word pwifrIudk &,lvkdygonf/
oGm;&rnf/ tu,fí Target text box xGufvmvQif
shortcut topfwpfckudk zefwD;,l&ygvdrhfrnf/
Fix
Start menu udk click vkyu
f m Word icon av;udk drag xkod Ykd aqmif&u
G &f eftwGuf WINWORD.EXE (omref
vkyfí All Program rS Start up submenu xJodkY csay;vkduf tm;jzifh Program Files folder Start rS jyefpNyD; Run odkY
yg/ uGefysLwmudk jyefzGifhonfhtcgwkdif; tvdktavsmuf oGm;um % program files% udk ½dkufoGif;NyD; Enter udk ESdyf
Word wufvmygvdrhfrnf/ vkdufyg) qDokdYoGm;í rdrdtwGuf tqiftajyqHk; jzpfaprnfh
shortcut wpfckudk zefwD;,l&ygonf/ Oyrm ¤if;\ parent
folder twGif; WINWORD.EXE udk right-clcik vkyu f m
vuf wkYd t nTe;f "Create shortcut" udk a&G;cs,fay;vdu k &f onf/ þae&mwGif
tu,fí rdrdyDpDwGif Start up submenu wnfaqmuf "Shortcut to WINWORD.EXE" rS trnfajymif; Shortcut
NyD;om; r&SdcJhygu Start menu ay:wGif Start ESdyfí Run jzifh oGm;&ef jyKvkyfjcif; jzpfonf/ NyD;vQif tqkdyg shortcut
odkY oGm;yg/ NyD;vQif % userprofile % \ start menu\ udk Start menu qDokdY qGJ,l ae&mcsxm;jcif;tm;jzifh rdrd\
programs \ start up [k ½dkufoGif;um Enter udk ESdyfvdkuf qE´&if; jynhfpHkoGm;apEkdifygonf/
onfESifh Windows Explorer \ Window wGif Start Shortcut topfav;ay:wGif right-click ESdyfí Pro-
up qkdonfh folder udk jrifawGU&rnf/ xkdtcg Word perties odkY oGm;um Shortcut tab udk ESdyfvkduf&rnf/ rdrd
Shortcut udk drag vkyf,lNyD; xkd folder xJodkY csxnhfay; toHk;csEkdifrnfh switche tydkif;odkY a&mufvmygawmhrnf/
vdkuf&onf/ Quotation markes ESpfck\ aemufrS Shortcut \ Target
Line ay:wGif xnhfoGif;,ljcif; jzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh
"D:\Program Files/ Office 2003\ OFFICE 11\
Startup wGif blank document wpfck zefw;D jcif;rS tum WINWORD.EXT" /n [lí jzpfonf/
tuG,fjyKjcif;
Annoyance Blank Document wpfck zefw;D jcif;rS tumtuG,jf yKjcif;
Word udk zGifhvkdufonfESifh rdrdtaejzifh vkyfvufp tay:wGif jyqkdcJhonfh /n [laom Switch av; short-
document twGuf zGifh,ljcif; jzpfaomfvnf; xHk;pHtwkdif; cut wGif xnhfoGif;xm;jcif;aMumifh Word udk ponfhtcg
Normal template ay:wGif blank document BuD; wufvm blank document udk tumtuG,fjyKNyD; jzpfoGm;onf/
aewwfygonf/
rdrt
d vd&k adS om template udk zGi,
hf jl cif;
Fix Normal template tpm; rdrdzGifh,lvdkaom document
rdrpd w
d Bf udKufziG v
hf akd om document udk tajccHxm;onfh udkom tajccHxm;onfh template yGifhvmap&ef /t switch
template udkyif &,lEkdifap&ef enf;vrf;&Sdygonf/ Word udk toHk;jyK&onf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 159

Word oifcef;pm





"D:\ Program Files \ office 2000 \ OFFICE 11\
WINWORD.EXE" /tMagazine.dot
tu,fí template twGuf spaces rS ygaom trnf
wpfckckudk ay;xm;vQif quotation marks ESpfcktwGif; rdrd
tvd&k adS om trnfwpfcu
k kd yl;wGaJ y;&ygvdrrfh nf/ xkad e&mwGif
path tjynhf yg0if&ef vdktyfonf/
aemufq;kH toH;k jyKco hJ nfh Most Recently Used ay:rS docu-
ment wpfcu k kd yGiafh pjcif;
Most Recently Used pm&if;yg documents rsm;rS
Word udk zGi& hf mwGif /m switch udk toH;k jyK&onf/ Oyrmtm;
jzifh /mfiles 1 [k jyqkdí pm&if;ay:rS ae&mudk nTef;qkday;&
onf/
rdrt
d vd&k adS om twdtus document udk yGia
hf pjcif;
Recent document wpfckudk tvG,fwul zGifh,lEkdifjcif;
onf toHk;0ifvSayonf/ odkYaomf rdrd tvdkr&Sdaom docu-
ments rsm;yg wGJygvmEkdifonf/ odkYtwGuf rdrdtvdk&Sdaom
document twdtusudk yGifhap&eftvdkYiSm atmufazmfjyyg
twkdif; filename ESifh ful path wkdYukdyg wpfwef;wnf; ½dkuf
xnhfay;&rnf jzpfonf/
"D: \Program Files\office 2000\OFFICE 11\
WINWORD.EXE" ''C:\ Docs \ Book1.doc"
Task Pane ay:xu
G v
f mrItay: xde;f csKyjf cif;
Annoyance
Word udk pwifvkdufvQif pwifvdkufcsif; Getting
Started task pane xGufvmwwfonf/ ¤if;udk rygap&ef
xdef;csKyf,lEkdifonf/
Fix
Tools udka&G;? Options odkY oGm;í View tab udk click
vkyv
f u
kd &f onf/ NyD;vQif show area twGi;f rS Startup Task
Pane box wGif uncheck vkyfum OK udk ESdyfvkduf½Hkom jzpf
onf/
tu,fí Word 2003 wGif Startup Task Pane Setting
rS tvdk&Sdonfhtwkdif; vkdufem aqmif&GufrI r&Sdvmygu Re-
gistry Setting udk ajymif;ay;&ygrnf/
1/ Word udk ydwfNyD; Registry udk rudkifwG,frD System
restore point wpfckudk zefwD;,l&onf/ Start rS All
160 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv
Program odkYoGm; Accessories udk a&G;í System
Tools udk zGifhum System Restore udk ac:,l&onf/
xkdYaemuf "Create a restore point" option udk click
vkyfNyD; Next cvkwfudk ESdyf,lyg/ Prompts twkdif;
qufvkyfoGm;½Hkom &Sdonf/
2/ Start rS Run odkY oGm; regedit udk ½dkufoGif;NyD; Enter
udk ESdyfjcif;tm;jzifh Registry Editor yGifhvmaponf/
3/ Registry key udk vrf;nTefay;&onf/
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\
Office \ 11.0\ Common\ General
4/ DoNot DismissFileNewTaskPane uD;ukd rightclick
vkyfNyD; shortcut menu rS Delelet udk a&G;vdkufNyD;
OK cvkwfudk ESdyfay;vdkuf&onf/ NyD;vQif File udk
axmufum Registry Editor udk ydwf&ef Exit udk ESdyf
ay;vdkuf&onf/
5/ NyD;vQif Word ukd jyefpEkdifygNyD/
Save vky,
f o
l nft
h cg Normal. dot udk ajymif;rnfvm;[k
ar;vmwwfjcif;
Annoyance
Word udk ydwf,laomtcg toHk;jyKoltm; Normal.
dot udk ajymif;í save vkyfrnfvm;[k ar;vmwwfonf/
Normal.dot qko d nfrmS tb,fenf;/ rnfonft
h wGuaf Mumifh
ar;vm&oenf;/
Fix
Normal.dot [k qkv d u
dk o f nfth cg ½kww
f &uf em;rvnf
vkdufjcif;onf trSwfwrJh jzpfoGm;rIom jzpfygvdrfhrnf/
Normal.dot udk Normal template [k ac:onf/ tjcm;
template udk toHk;jyK&ef rajymcJhygu Word bases docu-
ments rsm;onf default template om jzpfaeaponf/
Styles, page margine, default fonts ESifh Paragraph
settings uJoh Ykd aom orm;½d;k us templates udk jznhpf u
G rf rI sm;
&Sdvmwwfonf/ Normal.dot wGif Auto Correct enteries
rsm;ESifh Auto Text enteries rsm;jzifh format vkyfxm;wwf
onf/ Macros ESifh User forms rsm;uJhokdYaom VBA items
rsm; odrf;qnf;&ef tvGeftqifajyaomae&mjzpfonf/
tu,fí Auto Correct entry odkYr[kwf Auto Text
entry udk formatted vkyfxm;íjzpfap odkYr[kwf default
font, page layout okdYr[kwf paragraph setting udk ajymif;
vJvQifjzpfap Normal.dot udk ajymif;xm;&onf/ tvm;wl
D ? 2007 ckEpS f




pGmjzifh VBA item wpfcu
k kd zefw;D jcif; odYkr[kwf ajymif;,ljcif;
jyKvkyfxm;cJhvQif toHk;jyKolonf Normal.dot udk ajymif;
xm;&rnf jzpfonf/ Figure 1.7 wGif jrifawGU&onfhtwkdif;
save vkyf&eftwGuf prompts jyvmcJhvQif Yes cvkwfudk
ESdyf&ayvdrhfrnf/
Figure 1-7
Normal.dot ukd save vky&f ef prompt vkyaf ejcif;rS word
udk tumtuG,jf yKay;Ekid o
f nf/
tu,fí xkduJhodkY ajymif;vJjcif;twGuf owday;csuf
rawGU&vQif rdrduGefysLwmwGif macro virus wpfckck &Sdae
aumif; &Sdaevdrhfrnfom jzpfonf/ xdkodkY BuKHawGUae&ojzifh
Normal.dot udk uk, d w f idk f vky,
f v
l v
dk Qif virus ESihf ywfouf
onfh ppfaq;jyKjyifrIukd csufcsif; aqmif&Guf,loifhonf/
wjcm;enf;jzifh Normal. dot udk ajymif;jcif;jzifh save
vkyfvdkygvQif Tools odkY oGm;í Options udk a&G;um Save
tab udk ESy
d ,
f v
l u
kd Nf yD; "Prompt to Save Normal Template"
[lonfh box wGif uncheck vkyfay;&rnf jzpfonf/
Word rS Normal.dot udk tjcm; application rS jzpfap? tjcm;
olwpfO;D rS jzpfap oH;k aeonf[k ajymqkad ejcif;
Annoyance
tjcm; application rS jzpfap? tjcm; toHk;jyKol wpfOD;
OD;rSjzpfap toH;k csaeonfh file [k uGeyf sLwmrS azmfjyaeaom
tcg rnfodkY qufvuf vkyfaqmif&rnfenf;/
Fix
Word wpfcp k D toH;k jyKaeaMumif; message xGuaf y:vm
onfh oabmyif jzpfonf/ Normal.dot wpfckonf lock
wpfck &SdaeNyD; aemufwpfckrS Normal.dot udk ajymif;í save
rvkyfEkdifay/
Warning dialog box wGif;rS Figure 1-8 yHkpHtwkdif;
OK udk ESdyf&onf/ odkYtwGuf Word onf Save As dialog
box cif;jyvmonft h cg rwlnaD om trnfwpfcak tmufwiG f
Normal .dot udk odrf;qnf;,lEkdifygonf/ NyD;vQif rdrd\
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
Word oifcef;pm 
rlv Normal.dot twGif;odkY jyefí yl;aygif; xnhfoGif;ay;&ef
vkdtyfygonf/
Figure 1-8
Word rS ESpcf k csucf si;f wufvmrItwGuf save change
vky&f ef owday;jcif; jzpfonf/
Normal.dot wGif VBA code zefwD;xm;vsuf &Sdaeyg
u obm0tm;jzifh xkdufwefonfh pGrf;tm;jzpfaeapNyD; jzpf
onf/ AutoText entry wpfck zefwD;xm;cJhvQif odkYr[kwf
customization ao;ao;wpfck vkyfxm;vQif omreftm;jzifh
rdrd\ rlv Normal.dot wGif tvG,fwuljyefvkyf&ef tajc
tae&SdNyD; jzpfonf/
Word zGifh,lrI ESpfBudrf odkYr[kwf xkdYxufru &Sdaeonf
[k ,lqxm;ygu document windows wpfckcsif; wpfckNyD;
wpfck click vkyfum Window menu udk qGJcsNyD; pm&if;wGif
ppfaq; Munhf½IEkdifonf/ rnfonfh windows rsm;rqkd
Windows menu ay:wGif tjcm; session tjzpf ay:vmvdrhf
rnf r[kwfay/
vuf wkYd t nTe;f
tu,fí word csufcsif; yGifhvmcsufESpfck odkYr[kwf
xkdYxufru &SdraecJhygvQif word taejzifh tjcm;wpfck
zGivhf suf vnfywfrjI yKaprnfh Normal.dot twGuf Lock-
ing files wpfck xm;&Sday;ygvdrhfrnf/ Word udk ydwfí
windows BuD;udk restart jyefvkyfjcif;jzifh tvdktavsmuf
locking files rsm; &Sif;oGm;apygonf/
MENUS
Menus tjynhf cif;jyjcif;
Annoyance
Word 2000/ XP/ 2003 wdkYtm; install vkyfxm;½kHrQ
jzifh menus tm; usOf;usOf;usKHUusKUH taetxm;jzifh &Sdaeap
161

Word oifcef;pm





onf/ &Sd&if;pGJ menu udk &Ekdif&ef arrow ao;ao;av;ESpfck
ESifh cvkwfudk click vkyf,l&onf/
Fix
Menus tjynhf cif;jyEkdif&eftwGuf menu name udk
double-click vkyfvkduf&onf/ tNrJwrf; tjynhfcif;Ekdifa&;
twGufrl atmufyg options wpfckckudk toHk;cs,l&ygvdrhf
rnf/
À Word 2003 odkYr[kwf Word XP jzpfygu Tools odkY
oGm;í Customize ukd a&G;um option tab tm; click
vkyv
f u
dk &f onf/ "Always show full menus" udk box
twGif; check vkyfay;vdkuf&rnf jzpfonf/
À Word 2000 jzpfygu Tools odkYoGm;í Customize udk
a&G;um Option tab udk ESyd Nf yD; "Menus show recently
used command first" [lonfh tcsufudk box twGif;
uncheck vkyfay;&ygvdrhfrnf/
Menu items rsm; ae&majymif; jcif;udk tumtuG,jf yK,jl cif;
Annoyance
Menu wpfckudk zGifh,lonfhtcgwkdif; wretched items
rsm;onf ae&m ajymif;ajymif;oGm;wwfonf/
Fix
Tools udk a&G;? Customize udk oGm;í Options tab
udk ESdyfNyD; Word 2003 odkYr[kwf Word XP jzpfygu
"Always Show full menus" box twGif;wGif check vkyf
ay;vkduf&onf/ Word 2000 jzpfygu "Menus show
recently used command first" udk boxs twGif;wGif
uncheck vkyaf y;&rnf jzpfonf/ Microsoft taejzifh xko d Ydk
aqmif&Guf,l&onfh feature udk "Personalized" menus
[k ac:qkdonf/ odkY&mwGif trsm;pkonf þtcsufudk xdwf
vefYp&mtjzpf owfrSwfxm;Muavh &Sdonf/ Word onf
menu items rsm;\ default set ESifhom pay;wwfonf/
rdrdtaejzifh menu items rsm;udk toHk;jyKonfhtavsmuf
Word onf rMumcP toHk;jyKavh&Sdonfh items rsm;udk
xdyfqHk;wGif migrate vkyfxm;ay;onf/
tjcm; application onfvnf; xkdtcsufudk aumif;pGm
vkyfay;wwfonf/ Personalized menus udk office appli-
cation wkdif;wGif toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ qkdvkdonfrSm Excel wGif
jzpfap? PowerPoint wGif jzpfap ¤if;udk oHk;Ekdifonf/
162 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv
Menus t&G,t
f pm; jzwf awmuf,jl cif;
Annoyance
Commands xuf0ufavmufonf rdrdtwGuf toHk;
r0if jzpfaeaponf/ xkdodkY toHk;r0ifaom menus tkyfpkukd
z,fxkwfypfvkdonf/
Fix
rdrtd vk&d odS nfh commands rsm;udk pm&if;vkyí f rvkt d yf
onfrsm;udk z,fxkwfum menus t&G,ftpm; ao;oGm;ap
&ef zefwD;&ygonf/ Menu wpfckrS command wpfckudk
tjrefqHk; z,fxkwfypfEdkifaom enf;vrf;rsm; &Sdaeygonf/
odkYaomf rdrdtaejzifh menus awmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk recon-
figure vky& f ef tBuH&ydS gu a&S;a[mif;enf;vrf;u ydNk yD; toH;k
usaeygvdrhfrnf/
Menu command wpfckudk z,fxkwf&eftwGuf tjref
qHk; enf;vrf;rSm Ctrl+ Alt+ (hyphen key) udk wGJESdyfvkduf
jcif;jzpfonf/ jAufus,af om horizontal bar wpfct k wGi;f odYk
armufpfyGdKifwmtm; word rS ajymif;ay;vkdufonf/ rvkdvm;
aom command ygonfh menu udk click vkyfvdkufygu
menu yGifhvmygvdrhfrnf/ rdrd z,fxkwfvkdonfudk click vkyf
vdkufonfESifh aysmufoGm;vdrhfrnf/
a&S;a[mif;enf;vrf;jzifh z,fxkwfaom enf;vrf;udk
toHk;jyKvkdygu Customize dialog box udk toHk;cs,l&
onf/
1/ rdrad jymif;vJvakd om template ay:wGi&f adS eonfh docu-
ment wpfckudk zGifhvdkufyg/
2/ Tools udk a&G; Customize odYk oGm;um Command.tab
udk click vkyfvdkufyg/ "Save in" drop-down pm&if;
onf document udk jyjcif;&Sdr&Sd odkYr[kwf rdrdtaejzifh
oufa&mufapvdkaom template [kwfr[kwf aocsmrI
&Sdygap/ Document tm;vHk;wGif oufa&mufoGm;ap
onftxd ajymif;vJrI vkyfvdkvQif Normal.dot udk a&G;
cs,f,l&onf/
3/ Command ygaeaom menu udk click vkyv f u
kd Nf yD; drag
vkyfum document ae&mwGif csxm;vdkuf&onf/
4/ Close [lonfh cvkwfukd ESdyfvdkufyg/
5/ File menu &Sd Shift udk click vkyfum Save All udk a&G;
cs,, f yl g/ Word rS Normal.dot udk ajymif;odr;f rItwGuf
prompts vkyfvmvQif Yes cvkwfudk ESdyfvkduf&rnf
jzpfonf/
D ? 2007 ckEpS f



Word oifcef;pm 

vuf wkYd t nTe;f Menu bar odkY Work menu jznhfpGuf,lEkdif&eftwGuf

Menu wpfckrS jzpfap? toolbar wpfckrSjzpfap z,fxkwf
xm;aom rnfonfh item udkrqdk tvG,fwul jyefvnf
tpm;xk;d ae&mcsxm;Ekid yf gonf/ Start odYk omG ;í Tools
udk a&G;um Customize udk ESdyfNyD; Command tab udk
click vkyv f u
dk &f rnf/ xkYd aemuf "Save in" drop-down
pm&if;rS document odkYr[kwf template udk a&G;,lyg/
Item wpfckckudk tpm;xkd;ae&mcsxm;&ef command udk
drag vkyfí oifhavsmfaom menu odkYr[kwf toolbar
qDokdY drag vkyfoGm;&onf/ Menu udk reset vkyf&ef
¤if;udk right-click vkyf,lum shortcut menu rS Re-
set udk a&G;aumufvkdufyg/ Toolbar wpfckudk reset
vkyf&ef Toolbar tab ay:&Sd ¤if;udk a&G;NyD; Reset cvkwf
udk click vkyfvdkuf&efom &Sdonf/
Tools odkY oGm;um Customize template [kwfr[kwfudk
"Save in" drop-down list wGif taotcsm ppfaq;,lyg/
(omreftm;jzifh Normal.dot onf taumif;qHk; a&G;cs,frI
jzpfonf) Built-in Menus item rsm;udk a&G;cs,fNyD; rdrd
twGuf tNrJwrf;&Sdaeapvdkonfh menu bar odkYr[kwf tool
bar wpfcck q
k o
D Ydk drag vky,f o l mG ;&onf/ NyD;vQif file menu
rS shift-click ukd ESdyfNyD; Save All udk a&G;ay;vkdufyg/
Normal.dot odkY ajymif;vJ odrf;qnf;rnfhta&;udk word rS
Prompts vkyfjyaevQif Yes cvkwfudk ESdyfvdkuf½Hkom&Sdonf/
vuf&Sd document udk wordmenu odkY xnhf&mwGifrl
Work udkoGm;NyD; Add to Work Menu odkY a&G;vdkuf&onf/
Document wpfcu k kd z,fxw k &f ef Ctrl + Alt + - udk wGEJ ydS Nf yD;
Work menu udk click vkyy f g/ xkYdaemuf rdrd z,fxwk vf o dk nfh
document udk click vkyfay;&ygrnf/

Word menu wpfck zefw;D jcif;

TOOLBARS
Annoyance Standard toolbar ESifh formatting toolbar wkdYtm; a&G;
tvG,wf ul zGi,
hf El idk &f ef tvk&d o
dS nfh document rsm;pGm cs,fjcif;
&Sdaeonf/ File menu ay:rS Most Recently Used pm&if; Annoyance
wGif wpfcgwpf&H ay:vmwwfonf/ odkYaomf tNrJwrf;&Sdae Standard toolbar ESifh Formatting toolbar wkdY
wpf
jcif; r[kwfay/ wef;wnf;wGif wpf0ufpD ae&m,lxm;ap&ef tvkd&Sdonf/

Fix
Figure 1-9 wGif azmfjyxm;onfhtwkdif; Microsoft rS
Word menu wpfckudk ay;xm;ygonf/ Menu bar wGif
tqifoifh jzpfaeaprnfh documents (9)ck txd xnhf,l
xm;Ekdifygonf/
Fix
Tools odkYoGm; Customize udk ESdyfNyD; Option tab udk
click vkyfvkdufyg/ Box twGif;rS "Show Standard and
Formatting toolbar on two rows" udk check vkyfvdkufyg/
NyD;vQif Close cvkwfudk ESdyfay;vdkuf&onf/ Word 2000
wGifrl box twGif;ü "Standard and Formatting tool-
bars share one row" [k &Sdaernfjzpfojzifh uncheck vkyf
ay;vdkufyg/

Standard toolbar ay:wGif Close document button

wpfcx
k m;jcif;
Annoyance
Document wpfckukd zGifh,lcJhvQif wpfcgwpf&H Close
Figure 1-9 button udk standard bar ay:wGif &Sdaeapvkdonf/ okdYaomf
rMumcP toH;k jyKavh&adS om document rsm;udk tjrefq;kH tNrJwrf; &Sdaejcif; r[kwfay/
0ifa&mufEidk af pa&;twGuf menu bar (odrYk [kw)f tqifajy
aom toolbar wpfcw k iG f vkyv
f ufp Word menu udk Fix
jznfhoGif;,lonf/ Close button udk Standard toolbar ay: tvG,fwul

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f 163

Word oifcef;pm





xm;,lEkdifygonf/ Close All button udkvnf; xm;,lEkdif
ygonf/
1/ Tools odkYoGm; Customize udk a&G;NyD; Customize dia-
log box xJrS Command tab udk click vkyfvkdufyg/
2/ "Save in" drop-down list wGif Normal.dot udk
a&G;xm;NyD; jzpfrjzpfudk ppfaq;,lyg/
3/ Categories Listbox twGif; file item a&G;xm;csuf
ESifhtwl Command list rS Close item udk qGJcs,l
vkdufyg/ xkdYaemuf ¤if;udk drag vkyf,lum Standard
toolbar wGif Figure 1.10 wGif jrifawGU&ouJhodkY cs
xm;ay;vkdufyg/
4/ Close All button udkvnf; Standard toolbar ay:wGif
qGcJ sxm;í&onf/ xko d Ykd aqmif&u
G v
f ydk gu Close but-
ton udk azmfnTef;onf/ Icons rsm;udk awGUonfhtcg
½IyfaxG;oGm;apEkdifonf/ Button wpfckckudk ajymif;&ef
Standard toolbar ay:rS ¤if;udk click vkyfNyD; Custo-
mize dialog box twGi;f rS Modify Selection button
udk ESdyf,l&onf/ xkdYaemuf atmufyg nTefMum;csuf
wpfckckudk ta&;,l aqmif&Gufay;&onf/
À Figure 1.11 wGif jyxm;ouJhodkY image ajymif;&ef
Button Edition udk toHk;jyK&onf/ Edit Button
Image udk click vkyv f u
kd yf g/ wpfcsed w
f nf;wGif pixel
wpfckudk edit vkyfEkdifonf/ okdYr[kwf zsufxkwfNyD;
yHkMurf;rS pNyD; azmf,lEkdifonf/
À Change Button Image item udk ESyd Nf yD; panel ay:rS
toifhvkyfxm;NyD;jzpfaom button wpfckudk a&G;cs,f
,lyg/
5/ Customize dialog box rS Close cvkwfukd ESdyfNyD; ydwf
vdkufyg/
6/ File menu rS Shift - click udk oGm;um Normal.dot odYk
ajymif;vJ save vkyf&eftwGuf Save All udk click vkyf
vkduf&onf/
vuf wkYd t nTe;f
Standard toolbar odYk r[kwf Close button rjznhpf uG v f kd
ygvQif Close cvkwfudk ESdyfvkdufjcif;jzifh document
wpfckudk ydwf,lEkdifonf/ (wpfcgwpf&H X cvkwu f kd ESyd íf
toHk;jyKEkdifonf) ¤if;onf windows \ tay:buf
nmaxmifhwGif &Sdaeonf/

Figure 1.10
Close button udk jznho f iG ;f &eftwGuf Customize dialog
box udk toH;k cs,yl g/ tu,fí Close All button wpfcu k kd
tvk&d cdS v
hJ Qif standard toolbar ay:wiG f jznho
f iG ;f ,lEidk o
f nf/

À icon tpm; button jzpfap&eftwGuf text omvQif

azmfjy&ef Text Only (Always) udk click vkyfyg/ Figure 1.11
À icon ESifh texts ESpfckpvHk; jy&ef Image and Text
item udk click vkyfyg/

164 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f




Custom toolbars wpfcw
k iG f rdr\
d toolbar rsm; wpfpw
k a0;
wnf&adS eapjcif;
Annoyance
rdrt
d aejzifh rwlnaD om toolbars 10 rsKd;cefY toH;k jyKae
ygu ¤if;wkYdtMum; document window obm0rSaeí
documents porthole obm0odkY ajymif;oGm;aponf/
Fix
Word onf toolbars wpfyHkwpfyif trSefyif &Sdaeyg
onf/ yHkazmfrsufESmjyif{&d,m acRwmvkdaomtcg cvkwfrsm;
tm;vHk;udk wpfpkwpfa0;wnf; toolbar wpfckay:wGif wnf&Sd
aeapEkid yf gu rdrq
d E´jynho
f mG ;rnfom jzpfonf/ xkad e&mwGif
vuf&dS toolbar wpfcak y:wGif jzpfap Custom toolbar wpfck
ay:wGijf zpfap wnfaqmuf,El ikd o f nf/ zefw;D yHrk mS atmufyg
twkdif; jzpfonf/
1/ tpOfojzifh toHk;jyKwwfaom toolbars rsm;tm;vHk;udk
cif;jyxm;ygap/
2/ Tools udk a&G;í Customize odkY oGm;um Toolbar tab
udk ESdyfvkdufyg/
3/ New cvkwfudk ESdyfNyD; toolbar topfwpfcktwGuf
trnfwpfckudk ½dkufoGif;vdkuf&onf/ "Make Toolbar
Available to" yg&So
d nfh drop-down pm&if;rS oifah vsmf
aom document odkYr[kwf template udk jyay;jcif; &Sd
r&Sd ppfaq;yg/ (þae&mwGif Normal.dot onf omref
tm;jzifh taumif;qHk; a&G;cs,frIenf;vrf; jzpfonf/)
xkdYaemuf OK udk click ESdyfvkdufyg/
4/ Customize dialog box udk Close cvkwftm; click
vkyfí ydwfvkdufyg/
5/ Crtl+ Alt udk yl;wGJ ESdyfxm;NyD; rdrdtvkd&Sdonfh button
wpfckpDudk tjcm; toolbars rsm;rS topfvkyfxm;aom
custom toolbar qDokdY drag vkyf cs,lyg/ pDumpOfum
jzpfapvkdygu Alt cvkwfukd ESdyfxm;NyD; ajymif;a&TU,lí
&ygonf/ cvkwrf sm;tMum; vkid ;f om;rIjyKvky&f ef right-
hand button udk nmbufqDokdY tuGmta0; tenf;
i,fpD drag vkyfay;&onf/ (tu,fí tvsm;vdkuf
vkdif;tpm; a'gifvdkufvdkif;udk toHk;csvdkvQif lower
button udk drag vkyf,l&onf/)
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv
D ? 2007 ckEpS f
Word oifcef;pm 
wpfOD;OD;u vkyfxm;onfh
customized Menus okdYr[kwf
Toolbars wdu
Yk dk reset vkyjf cif;
Annoyance
rdrt d oH;k rjyKpOf Mum;jzwftoH;k jyKolwpfO;D OD;u menus
rsm;ESifh toolbars rsm;udk wpfyHkwpfyif aqmif&Gufxm;aMumif;
awGU&ojzifh jyefvnf jyKjyifEkdif&ef vdktyfvmonf/
Fix
cPtwGif; default settings vkyf&ef menus ESifh
toolbars rsm;udk reset vkyf,lEkdifygonf/ Tools udk a&G;?
Customize odkY oGm;um Toolbar tab udk click vkyv f ukd yf g/
xkdYaemuf rdrd reset vkyfvdkaom menu odkYr[kwf toolbar
udk click xyfvyk yf g/ NyD;vQif Reset cvkwu f kd ESyd v
f u kd ½f okH m&Sd
onf/ Reset Toolbar dialog box wGif word onf rSefuef
wdusaom template odkYr[kwf documents jzpf rjzpf ppf
aq;NyD;vQif OK cvkwfudk ESdyfvdkuf&onf/
Customize dialog box udk ydwfNyD;aemuf file menu rS
Shift-click udk ESy
duf m Save All udk a&G;cs,af y;&rnf/ Word
rS Normal template odkY ajymif;a&TU save vkyf&ef prompts
av;jzifh tcsujf yxm;ygu Yes cvkwu f kd ESyd ,
f v
l u dk &f ygrnf/
oifw
h ifah vsmufywfaom Toolbars rsm;om &,ljcif;
Annoyance
Adobe Acrobat aqmhz0f u
J kd install vkycf phJ Ofuwnf;u
Word onf tNrJwap Acrobat toolbar udk xkwfjyavh
&Sdaeonf/ ¤if;udk hide vkyfypfavh &Sdaomfvnf; jyefjyef
ay:vmonf/
Fix
PDF maker [k ac:aom tqkdyg toolbar onf PDF
documents rsm; zefwD;Ekdifapvkdonfh rSef;qcsufjzifh tvdk
tavsmuf install vkyaf paom PDF Maker.dot tpdwt f ydik ;f
wpfckjzpfonf/ tvkd&SdvQif csufcsif;&Ekdifap&ef jzpfaomf
vnf; wpfcgwpf&H ¤if;aMumifh pdwftaESmifht,Suf jzpfaeap
wwfonf/
tqkdyg template udk z,f&Sm;&ef yxrOD;pGm PDF
Maker.dot add-in udk jyefjzKwfypf&rnf/ Tools udk a&G;NyD;
Customize odkY oGm;í Template and Add-in udk click
vkyfNyD; PDF Maker.dot add-in udk xyfESdyf,l&onf/ ¤if;
onf "Full Path" readout wGif &SdaeaMumif; owdjyK&rnf/
165

Word oifcef;pm





Office Folder \ Start up sub folder atmufwGif ¤if; tm;vHk;udkvnf; zGifhxm;Ekdifygao;onf/ erlemudk Figure
h Qif word rS jyefxu
&Sad ecJv G u f m windows explorer window 1.12 wGif jrifawGUEkdifonf/
twGif;&Sd tqkdyg folder qDodkY jyefoGm;&onf/ xkdYaemuf
tjcm; folder wpfcq k oD Ykd PDF Maker.dot udk a&TU,l&onf/
xkdokdYr[kwfu PDF Maker. dot udka&G;NyD; Remove cvkwf
udk ESdyfvkdufyg/ tu,fírsm; ¤if;udk rlvtwkdif; PDF wpfck
zefwD;&ef vdktyfvmvQif PDF Maker.dot add-in udk jyef
wifí ,l&onf/ Tools udk a&G;í Template and Add -
ins odkY oGm;um box twGif;ü PDF Maker.dot udk check
vkyfay;vkdufNyD; Add cvkwfukd ESdyfvdkuf&onf/ Template
qDokdY nTefNyD; a&G;vdkufum OK udk click vkyfvkduf&onf/
xkdYaemuf Template and Add-ins dialog box udk OK ESdyf
NyD; xyfydwfvkduf&jyefygonf/

vuf wkYd t nTe;f Figure 1.12

Word 2003 ESihf Word XP wko Yd nf Word Window wpfck
tjcm; applications wkYd onf ¤if;wdYk ydik q
f idk f yg&Sv
d maom wnf;rSmyif documents rsm; tm;vH;k udk jyoay;Ekid o f nf/
menus odkYr[kwf tool bars rsm;udk install vkyfrnfrSm okdYr[kwf document wpfcck si;f udv k nf; ud,
k yf ikd f window
rvGJ{uefjzpfonf/ a&G;cs,fNyD;cJhvQif unload vkyfEkdifap rsm; jzifh jyoay;Edik o
f nf/ Word 2000 rSmrl multiple
rnf/ Global tamplate wpfck\ tpdwftydkif;om jzpf windows om pDpOfxm;&SEd ikd o f nf/ þae&mwGif Word
onf/ toH;k jyKorl sm; tae jzifh rnfonft h csuu f aumif;onfudk
em&Daygi;f rsm;pGm jiif;qkd Mu&zG,f &Sad omfvnf; wpfcck u
k kd
tajymif; tvJ vky&f eftwGurf mS rl puúeyYf ikd ;f om
Taskbar ay:wGif Multiple word buttons rsm; odr
Yk [kwf Mumrnf jzpfonf/
wpfcu
k kd a&G;cs,jf cif;
Annoyance tajymif;tvJ switch vkyf&ef Tools odkY oGm;í
Multiple Word windows rsm;ESifh multiple word Options udk a&G;NyD;View tab cvkwu f kd ESyd v
f u
dk &f onf/ Box
taskbar cvkwfrsm;onf tvkyf vkyfaeoltwGuf tm½Hk twGif;rS "Windows in Task-bar" qkdonfh pmwef;twGuf
ysujf ym;p&mrsm; jzpfvmapygonf/ Excel vkd yHpk rH sK;d jzpfap&ef uncheck vkyfay;&onf/ tu,fí Word window wpfck
qE´ &Sdaeygonf/ wnf;rSmyif document tm;vHk;udk zGifh,lvkdygu default
setting box udk ppfaq;Munhfyg/ Documents wpfckqD zGifh
Fix &eftwGuf oD;jcm; window wpfckudk jrifawGU&rnf/ ¤if;wkYd
Word 2003 ESifh Word XP wdkYonf Word document wpfckcsif;wGif udk,fykdif taskbar button rsm; &SdaeMuygao;
ukd uk,
d yf ikd f windows wpfcx
k m;&S&d ef a&G;cs,cf iG &hf MdS uygonf/ onf/
xkdYtwl window wpfckwnf;rSmyif Word documents qufvufazmfjyay;ygO;D rnf/

166 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f {Nyv

D ? 2007 ckEpS f
 uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

JAVA DEVELOPER GUIDE

3.5 USING THE IMAGE ICON IN JAVA

Listing 3.17 Demonstrate the JAVA ImageIcon avhvmMunfhvkdufygOD;/ 'Doifcef;pmrSm JAVA Image Icon
1. import javax.swing.*; awGukd b,fvrkd sK;d zefw;D &,lEidk o
f vJqw
kd mudk awGYjrif&rSmyg/
2. Image Icon awGeJY ywfoufNyD;awmh http://www.java 21
3. public class icon extends JFrame { pro.com &JU Day 9 page rSm oGm;&Smr,fqdk&if tvG,fwul
4. JButton [ ] buttons = new JButton [25] ; &&SdEkdifygw,f/ wu,fvdkY pmzwfol[m Icon trsKd;rsKd;udk
5. public icon ( ) { &csiw f ,fq&kd ifawmh atmufyg website rSm oGm;,l &,lEidk yf g
6. Super ("Demonstrate the Image Icon in JAVA") ;
7. setsize (480,380);
w,f/
8. setDefault Close Operation (JFrame.EXIT_ ON_ http:// www.Zeldman.com/ icon.html
CLOSE); tu,fí pmzwfo[ l m Icon Image awGukd tvG,wf ul
9. JPanel pane = new JPanel ( ) ;
&SmazGvYkd r&bl;qk&d ifawmh tjcm;aom *.bmp,*.JPG, *.JPEG,
10. Image Icon ic = new Image Icon ("fo ood.GIF"); /
*.TIF, *.ICO tp&SdwJh rdrdESpfoufwJhyHk b,fvdk File_type
* this. GIF image is
11. include in the C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin\fo ood.GIF, rsKd;yJjzpfaeygap/ tvG,fwuleJY *.GIF File_type udk
if this image is not include ajymif;vJNyD;awmh ac:,l xnfhoGif; toHk;csEkdifygw,f/
12. you will use to another image.GIF type */ 'Dawmh tckvuf&Sd listing 3.17 udk r&Sif;jycifrSm Image
13.
14. for (int i = 0; i < 25; i + +) {
awGudk File_type ajymif;vJwJhenf;udk t&ifavhvmMunfhMu
15. buttons [i ] = new JButton (ic); ygpdkY/
16. pane.add (buttons [i]) ;
17. } À Changing the File_type In *. GIF type
18. set ContentPane (pane);
19. show ( ) ; t&ifqHk; pmzwfolESpfoufwJh picture yHkukd &SmazGyg/
20. t"dutcsuu f awmh tckvuf&o dS ifcef;pmrSm xnfo
h iG ;f toH;k
21. } csr,fhyHk jzpfEkdif&ifawmh ydkNyD; tqifajywmayghaemf/ uRefawmf
22. uawmh Listing 3.17 rSm toHk;jyxm;wJh Image eJY rqdkifwJh
23. public static void main (String [ ] args) {
24. icon c = new icon ( ); tjcm; software.icon qdkwJh picture yHkav;udkyJ File_type
25. } ajymif;ay;xm;ygw,f/ b,fvkd Image av;yJjzpfjzpfayghaemf/
26. } Copy ul;,lNyD;awmh My Computer → Drive C: → j2sdk
uJ Image Icon eJY ywfoufNyD;awmh ydYkcs&mrSm tus,cf sUJ 1.4.1_01 → Bin xJudkoGm;yg/ Path twkdif;ajymr,fqdk&if
r&Sif;jycifrSm tay:rSma&;jycJhwJh Listing 3.17 ukd t&ifqHk; awmh C:/j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin xJudkoGm;yg/ NyD;&if tJ'DyHkudk

uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf 167

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Paste csvdkufyg/ uRefawmfuawmh atmufrSm azmfjyay;xm;
wJh Software.Icon Image udkyJ toHk;jyKay;xm;ygw,f/
uRefawmfh&JU code_File CD xJrSmawmh yg0ifygw,f/
Figure 3.21.1 The Icon image
uJ 'DyHkav;yJjzpfjzpf? pmzwfoloabmuswJh yHkav;yJjzpf
jzpfayghaemf/ uRefawmfajymwJh C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin xJrSm
oGm;NyD;awmh xm;NyD;oGm;NyDqdk&if File_type ajymif;zdkYtwGuf
tJ'D Image yHkudk paint program eJY zGifh&rSmyg/ 'Dawmh tJ'D
Image udk R-click acgufNyD;awmh ay:vmwJh Pop-up Menu
xJu Open With → Paint ukd a&G;yg/ atmufrSma&;jyxm;
wJh Figure 3.21.2 rSm vufawGYvkyfjyxm;ygw,f/ avhvm
Munfhyg/
Figure 3.21.2 Open With the Paint Program
Using the Icon Image
tJ'Dtcgus&ifawmh tJ'D Image yHk[m paint program
eJY yGiv
hf mygNyD/ tJ'gudk pmzwfo[
l m atmufygtwkid ;f awGYjrif
&rSmyg/ azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/
168 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
Figure 3.21.3
Opening the
Paint
Program,the
Icon Image is
Showing
tJ't
D cgus&if pmzwfot l aeeJY File menu uaeNyD;awmh
Save As udkawmif;yg/ atmufrSmazmfjyxm;wJh Figure rSm
azmfjyxm;wJhtwkdif; File → Save As udk awmif;&rSmaemf/
Figure 3.21.4 Save As the Icon Image in Paint Program
uJ tay:rSmazmfjyxm;wJhtwkdif; Save As menu udk awmif;
vkdufNyD qdkMuygpdkY/ uRefawmfwdkYu atmufyg Image yHkudk
C:\j2sdk 1.4.1.01\Bin xJrSm xm;wmqdkawmh yGifhvmr,fh?
usvmr,fh Save As Dialog Box uvnf; bin xJrmS yJ Save
As vky& f r,fh Dialog Box yHpk yH gyJ/ atmufrmS azmfjyxm;wmudk
avhvmMunfhyg/
Figure 3.21.5 To Select the GIF (*.GIF) File
Type in Save As Dialog Box.

tJ'Day:vmwJh Save As Dialog Box xJu atmufajc
rSm yg0ifwJh Save as type qdkwJhae&mrSm GIF [*GIF] qdkwJh
file_type udk a&G;cs,fyg/ tJ'g[m vuf&Sd Image &JU File_
type ukd ajymif;vJypfzYkd ygyJ/ azmfjyxm;wJh Figure udk avhvm
NyD;awmh aoaocsmcsm a&G;cs,fyg/ oabmaygufNyDaemf/
File_type rrSm;ygapeJY/ File_type udk a&G;NyD;&if Save As
Button ukdESdyfyg/
tJ'DtcgrSm *.Ico Image Type uaeNyD;awmh *.GIF
Image Type udk ajymif;vJNyD;rS Save vkyfvkdufwJhtwGuf
Some loss of Color Information jzpfoGm;wmawGudk
owday;wJh Message Box wpfck ay:vmygvdrfhr,f/ Yes_
Button udk ESdyfvkdufyg/ ay;vmr,fh Message Box udk
azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/
Figure 3.21.6 Prompt the Message, Changing
the File Type of *. Ico Image
uJ 'D Message Box rSmyg0ifwJh Yes_Button ukd ESdyf
vdkufNyD qdkygpkdYaemf/ color Information tcsKdU[m ajymif;vJ
oGm;ygw,f/ atmufrSmazmfjyay;xm;wJh paint program ukd
avhvmMunfhvdkufyg/ owdjyKrdygvdrfhr,f/
Figure 3.21.7 *.
GIF color format
type is cause some
lost color
information
NyD;&ifawmh tckazmfjyxm;wJh Paint Program &JU nm
buf tay:axmifhrSm&SdwJh Close Button udkydwfíjzpfap?
uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
File → Exit udk a&G;NyD;jzpfap program ukd ydwfypfvkdufyg/
'DtcgrSm C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01\Bin udk oGm;Munfhr,fqdk&if
[My_computer → Drive C: → j2sdk 1.4.1_01 →
Bin xJukd D-Click acgufNyD;oGm;&ifaygh] rlv&Swd hJ Software.
Icon Type Image yHkpHtjyif atmufazmfjyygyHkeJY Software
.GIF qdw
k hJ Image udyk g .* GIF File_type eJY wnf&adS ewmudk
pmzwfoltaeeJY awGY&Sd&rSmygyJ/ avhvmMunfhyg/
Figure 3.21.8 The GIF Image
tckazmfjyxm;wJh Image Icon av;udk pmzwfol&JU
C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \Bin qdkwJh folder xJrSmawGYjrif&rSmyJ/
'Dawmh tJ'D GIF Image &JU properties udkodcsif&if Image
udk R-click acgufNyD;awmh ay:vmwJh Pop-up Menu xJu
atmuf q H k ; rS m yg0if w J h Properties ud k a&G ; cs,f y g/
tJ'Dtcgus&if Software qdkwJh Image jzpfwJhtwGuf
Software Properties qdkNyD;awmh Properties Dialog Box
ay:vmrSmyg/ Figure 3.21.8 taeeJY a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;
ygw,f/
Figure 3.21.8
The properties
windows.*GIF
Type of Image
tckazmfjyxm;wJh Figure 3.21.8 [m Image &JU File_
type udk *. GIF Type tjzpf ajymif;vJay;NyD;awmhrS File_
type , File Size tp&Sw
d mawGukd avhvmvdYk&atmif azmfjyay;
169
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
xm;wJh properties windows ygyJ/ avhvmMunfyh g/ uJ'gqdk
&ifawmh rdrEd pS o
f ufwhJ tjcm; File_type rsm;udk .*GIF trsKd;
tpm; File_type tjzpf &&Sdatmif ajymif;vJwwfoGm;rSm jzpf
ygw,f/ 'Dawmh pmzwfo&l UJ computer xJrmS &Sw d hJ rdrEd pS o
f uf
wJh picture awGudk ajymif;vJ xnfhoGif; toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/
'gqdk&ifawmh qufvufNyD;awmh avhvmMu&atmifvm;/
Listing 3.17 rSm a&;om;xm;wJh Demonstrate the JAVA
Image Icon qdkwJh oifcef;pmudk Analysis vkyfNyD;awmh avh
vmMunfhMu&atmif/
Analysis
1/ vkdif;eHygwf (1) rSm Swing package udk import vkyf
ac:,lxm;ygw,f/ NyD;awmh JFrame Class udk extends
vkyNf yD;awmh icon qdw
k hJ primary class udk a&;om;zefw;D
xm;ygw,f/ tJ'Dh primary class xJrSmrS Demisional
Array Method eJY JButton [ ] udk zefwD;ygw,f/
Array ta&twGuu f awmh [25] ckyg/ tJ'gNyD;awmh icon
( ) qdkwJh constructor function udk zefwD;ygw,f/
tJ'D constructor function xJrSm zefwD;r,fh program
rSm yg0if&r,fh [Title bar rSm yg0if&r,fh text] &,f?
Windows Frame &JU Width & Height t&G,ftpm; ?
aemufNyD;awmh Windows udk Close vkyzf Ykd Set Default
Close Operation ( ) method tp &SdwmawGudk xnfh
oGif; a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf vkdif;eHygwf (9)
rS JPanel udk object_Name pane tjzpf zefw;D ac:,l
ygw,f/ uJ 'Dtxd &Sif;NyDaemf/
2/ vkdif;eHygwf (10) rSmawmh ImageIcon udk zefwD;&,lzdkY
twGuf atmufygtwkdif; a&;om;xm;ygw,f/
Image Icon ic = new ("foood. GIF");
Image
Icon ↑ 3/ usefwhJ code_line awGu taxGtxl; &Si;f jyp&mrvdw
xnfo h iG ;f vko
d nf*.GIF type
Image &Sdonfhae&m? path
vrf ; aMumif ; ud k xnf h
oGi;f vQifvnf;&onf/ Oyrm
["C:\j2sdk1.4.1.01\-bin
\foood.GIF"]
txufygtwkdif; a&;om;vdkufygu C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_
01\bin folder xJ&Sd wnf&Sdaeaom foood.GIF Image
udkom ac:,lEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tjcm;aom folder
_path vrf;aMumif;xJ&Sd .*GIF Image udk &,lcsifygu
170 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
¤if; Image wnf&Sd&m path vrf;aMumif;udk " " Double
quote ESpc
f Mk um;wGif a&;om;&rnfjzpfonf/ vkid ;f eHygwf
(9) u code_line uawmh C:\ j2sdk 1.4.1.01\bin xJ
u jzpfwJhtwGufaMumifh path vrf;aMumif; xnfha&;
p&m rvdkygbl;/
tJ'Daemufu a&;xm;wJh /* cHNyD; a&;xm;wmuawmh
comments ygyJ/ xnfr h a&;vnf;&ygw,f/ vkid ;f eHygwf
(12) txd a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ */ ydwfxm;wJhtxdyg
yJ/ xnfha&;&ifvnf; Java Compiler u todtrSwf
rjyKygbl;/ vkid ;f eHygwf (14) rSmrS for looping udk toH;k
jyKNyD;awmh tay:rSm Declare vkyfcJhwJh JButtons [ ]
awGudk y,fxkwfygw,f/ 'D looping yg0ifwJh vrf;
aMumif;udak wmh ta&SUoifcef;pmawGrmS awGYjrifz;l NyD;om;
jzpfwJhtwGuf tus,fcsJUNyD;awmh r&Sif;jyawmhygbl;/
Note : owdjyK&r,fhtcsufuawmh vkdif;eHygwf (4) rSm
JButton [ ] udk object_Name buttons vdkY trnf
ay;xm;wmaemf/ vkid ;f eHygwf (10) rSmusawmh Image
Icon udk object_Name ic vkYd trnfay;xm;wmaemf/
'gaMumifh vkdif;eHygwf (16) rSm
pane.add (buttons [i]);
a&;om;xm;wmyg/ tJ'Drwkdifcif vkdif;eHygwf (15)
rSmvnf; Button [ ] awGxJudk Image Icon awG
yg0ifvmzdkYtwGuf
buttons [i] = new JButton (ic);
vdkY a&;om;xm;wmygyJ/
uJ 'Dtxd &Sif;NyDaemf/ 'gqdk&if qufvuf avhvmMunfh
Mu&atmifvm;/
k hJ
twGuf main ( ) function udkyJ qufvuf avhvmMu
&atmifvm;/ main ( ) function xJrSmawmh tay:rSm
zefwD;cJhwJh primary class icon udk object_Name ic
vkdY trnfay;NyD;awmh ac:,lvdkufwmygyJ/ vkdif;eHygwf
(24) rSm avhvmMunfhyg/
uJ 'gqkd&ifawmh pmzwfoltaeeJY listing 3.17 udk
Analysis vkyfNyD; avhvmMunfhwm em;vnf oabmayguf
oGm;rSmyg/ 'Dawmh 'D code_line awGudk Notepad rSmoGm;NyD;
a&;om;Mu&atmif/ Notepad xJrSm code_line awG a&;
om;NyD;oGm;&if icon.java qdkNyD;awmh File_Name ay;NyD;
save vkyf&ygr,f/ File udk Save vkyf&r,fh path uawmh
 uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
C:\j2sdk 1.4.1.01 \bin xJrSmaemf/ uJ code_line awGudk java icon ↵
a&;om;NyD;awmh save vkyfxm;yHkudk Figure 3.21.9 taeeJY Program udk compile & Run vkyy
fu
kH kd Figure 3.21.10 taeeJY
a&;om;azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/ 'D program azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/
rSm AWT package udk jzKwfxm;wJhtwGuf
import java.awt. *;
qdkwJh code_line [m ryg0ifygbl;/ 'gudk oabmayguf
w,faemf owdxm;Munfhyg/

Figure 3.21.10 Compile & Run of the icon.java

program

uJ Figure 3.21.10 rSm azmfjyxm;wJhtwkdif; compile

& Run vkyfvkduf&ifawmhcomputer screen &JU b,fbuf
tay:axmifrh mS atmufygtwkid ;f Demonstrate the Image-
Figure 3.21.9 Write the program code_line In Icon in JAVA qdkwJh Title Bar eJY program [m Run aerSm
Notepad ygyJ/

icon.java qdw k hJ File udk C: \ j2sdk 1.4.1_01\bin atmuf

rSm save vkyNf yD;&if command Prompt <DOS> xJukd 0ifNyD;
&if atmufyg command eJY compile vkyyf g/ compile rvkyf
cifrSm-
CD C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01\bin ↵
qdkNyD;rS DIR ukd change vdkufygOD;/ NyD;rS atmufyg com-
mand eJY compile vkyfyg/
javac icon.java ↵
tu,fí compile vkypf OfrmS Error wufvm&if vkid ;f eHygwf
udk rSwfxm;NyD; icon.java qdkwJh Notepad xJrSmoGm;NyD;awmh
Figure 3.21.11 Running the icon.java program
jyifyg/ NyD;&if Save As jyefvkyfNyD;rS txufyg command
eJY compile jyefvkyfyg/
uJ 'gqdk&ifawmh pmzwfoltaeeJY Image Icon awGudk
Note : 'gaMumifh uRefawmfuawmh Notepad a&m com- JAVA Language eJY b,fvdk zefwD;,lvdkY&w,fqdkwmudk
mand Prompt udka&m wpfNydKifeuf zGifhxm;NyD;rS oabmaygufoGm;avmufygNyD/ 'Dawmh pmzwfol ESpfoufwJh
compile & Run vkyfapcsifygw,f/ 'grSom error Image yHkawGudk File_type ajymif;NyD;awmh xnfhoGif; toHk;
wufvm&if tcsdefukefoufomrSm jzpfygw,f/ jyKEkdifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh qufvufNyD;awmh 3.6 Using the
uJ error r&Sad wmhb;l bJ qdMk uygpdYk/ atmufyg command Password Field In JAVA qdw k hJ oifcef;pmudk ydYk csay;xm;yg
eJY program udk Run vkyfyg/ w,f/ qufvufavhvmMuygpdkY/

uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf 171

uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

3.6 USING THE PASSWORD FIELD IN JAVA

Listing 3.18 Using the Password Field in JAVA xnfhoGif;ygw,f/ NyD;awmh primary class form qdkwm
1. import javax. swing.*; udk zefwD;ygw,f/ zefwD;&mrSmvnf; javax.swing
2. .JFrame Class ukd extends vkyfxm;wmaemf/ 'Dvdk
3. public Class form extends javax. swing .JFrame {
4.
extends vkyfxm;&mrSm
5. J Text Field username = new JText Field (15) ; public class form extends javax.swing.JFrame {
6. JPassword Field password = new JPassword vdkY a&;jcif;eJY
Field (15); public class form extends JFrame {
7. JTextArea comments = new JTextArea (4,15);
8.
vkdYa&;jcif;[m twlwlygyJ/ 'Dawmh tJ'D Class udk quf
9. public form ( ) { vufNyD;awmh avhvmMunfhMu&atmifvm;/
10. super ("Using the password Field in JAVA"); username vdkY object_variable_Name ay;xm;wJh
11. setsize (300,200); JTextField u wpfck
12. setDefault Close Operation (JFrame. EXIT_ON_ password vdkY object_variable_Name ay;xm;wJh
CLOSE); JPassword Field uwpfck
13. JPanel pane = new JPanel ( ) ;
comments vdkY object_variable_Name ay;xm;wJh
14. JLabel usernamelabel = new Jlabel
JText Area u wpfckudk ac:,lxnfhoGif;ygw,f/ tJ'D
("UserName:");
15. JLabel passwordlabel = new Jlabel ae&mrSm JText Field eJY JTextArea uawmh ta&SUu
("Password:"); NyD;cJhwJh program awGrSm toHk;jyKzl;NyD;om;yg/ JPass-
16. JLabel commentslabel = new JLabel
word Field uawmh tck oifcef;pmrSmrS toHk;jyK
("Comments:");
17. Comments.Setline Wrap (true) ; zl;wmyg/
18. Comments .Set Wrap Style Word (true) ; vkdif;eHygwf (9) rSmrS form ( ) qdkwJh constructor
19. pane. add (username label);
function ud k a&;om;ygw,f / tJ ' D constructor
20. pane.add (username);
21. pane.add (passwordlabel); function xJrmS rS Title Text taeeJY yg0if&r,fh pmom;udk
22. pane.add (password); super ("Using the Password Field in JAVA");
23. pane.add (commentslabel); vdkY a&;om;ygw,f/ Super ( ) method [m JFrame
24. pane.add (comments);
Class xJrSm yg0ifygw,f/ ta&SUoifcef;pmrSmvnf;
25. set Content Pane (pane) ;
yg0ifNyD;om;yg/ tJ'Daemuf Frame &JU t&G,ftpm;udk
26.
SetSize (300,200) ;
27. show ( ) ; qdkNyD;rS owfrSwfygw,f/ tJ'D Frame udk EXIT_ON_
28. } CLOSE vkyE f idk zf YkdtwGuf
29. public static void main (string [ ] args) { SetDefault Close Operation ( ) method ukd ac:,l
30. form f = new form ( ) ; toHk;csygw,f/
31. } 2/ vkdif;eHygwf (12) rSmrS JPanel Class udk object_Name
32. } pane qdkwJh trnfay;NyD; ac:,lygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf
Listing 3.18 taeeJY a&;jyxm;wJh program code_line Jlabel udk toH;k jyKNyD;awmh Label Box oH;k ckukd zefw;D yg
awGudk t&ifqHk; Analysis vkyfMunfhMu&atmifvm;/ NyD;rS w,f/ olwdkY&JU Name awGuawmh
vufawGY wnfaqmufMunfhMuwmaygh/ Usernamelabel
Analysis password label
1/ Program &JUtprSm swing components awGudk ac:,l comments label vdkY jzpfMuygw,f/ 'gawG[m
toHk;csEkdifzdkY Swing package udk import vkyfNyD;awmh Object _variable _Name awGtaeeJYygyJ/ 'DemrnfawGeJYyJ

172 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf


qufvufNyD;awmh toHk;csrSmaemf/ tJ'D label Box awGrSm
yg0ifapcsifwJh pmom;udk Jlabel ( ) method &JU arguments
ae&mrSm wpfcgwnf; xnfhoGif; a&;om;NyD;om;yg/ 'Dtcsuf
udk owdxm;NyD;awmh pmzwfol avhvmMunfhyg/ vkdif;eHygwf
(17) eJY (18) rSm awGY&wmuawmh comments vkdY trnfay;
xm;wJh JText Area ( ) udk uRefawmfwdkY toHk;rcs&ao;wJh-
SetLine Wrap ( ) method eJY
setWrap Style Word ( ) method &,fqNkd yD; awGY&rSmyg/
'Dawmh 'D method ESpfck[m JTextArea ( ) eJYywfoufwJh
method awGyJ jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D method eJY ywfoufwm
awGudk &Sif;jyzdkY vdkvmNyDaygh/ uJ 'Dawmh Note: taeeJY a&;
om;xm;wJt h csuaf wGukd aoaocsmcsm avhvmMunfyh g/ API
method taeeJY tvGeftoHk;0ifygw,f/ 'Dawmh pmzwfol
taeeJYvnf; Exam ajzqd&k mrSm taxmuftyH&h Ekid af tmif rl&if;
ta&;tom;twkdif;yJ azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/
Note : • Set Line Wrap ( ) method
Set Wrap style Word ( ) method
• The selline Wrap (boolean) method deter-
mines whether text will wrap to the next line
when it reaches the far edge of the com-
ponent.Call setlineWrap (true) to cause line
wrapping to occur.
• The SetWrap Style Word (boolean) method
determines What wraps to the next line either
the current word (an argument of true) or
the current character (false).
uJ tck a&;jycJhwJh API method (2) ckudk aoaocsmcsm
avhvmNyD;oGm;&if code_line awGudk qufvufavhvmMu
&atmifvm;/ vdkif;eHygwf (17) rSm a&;xm;wJh
comments.setline wrap (true) ;
method aMumifh JText Area xJrmS vufcx H m;wJh text awGukd
Wrapping vkyE
f idk zf YkdtwGuf vuf&dS Text &JU tpuaeNyD;awmh
pwif rSwf,lygw,f/ vdkif;eHygwf (18) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh
coments.setwrap Style Word (true) ;
qdkwJh code_line uawmh vuf&Sd Text ae&muaeNyD;awmh
a&SUvmr,fh ½dkufoGif;wJh current character udk wrap vkyfzdkY
twGufygyJ/
'Dawmh txufyg method ( ) ESpfckudk ac:,lNyD;awmh
code_line rSm xnfhoGif;vkdufwJhtwGuf comments vdkY
uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
trnfay;xm;wJh JTextArea rSm ½kdufoGif;wJh pmom; Text
awG[m owfrw S xf m;wJh limiting jzpfvm&if atmufukd jyKwf
usvmrSmyg/ tJ'g[m Text Wrapping &JU oabmw&m;ygyJ/
tus,fcsJUMunfhMu&atmifvm;/
JText Area (int , int); vkdY toHk;jyKcJhwJhtcgrSm
↑ ↑
Specified Number Specified Number of
Of Row Columns
vkYd ta&SUoifcef;pmawGrmS a&;NyD; &Si;f jycJzh ;l w,faemf/ tvG,f
rSwf&ifawmh
JTextArea xJrSmqHhr,fh pmaMumif; ta&twGufeJY
/JTextArea rSmqhHr,fh pmvHk;ta&twGufvdkYajym&if rrSm;yg
bl;/ 'g[m JText Area wpfckudk tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifh zefwD;
wmygyJ/ 'gayr,fh 'DzefwD;vkdufwJh JTextArea rSm owfrSwf
xm;wJh ta&twGux f uf pmvH;k a&udk ydNk yD;awmh ½du k of iG ;f rd&if
JText Area [m tvdt k avsmuf JTextArea udk Resizeable
vkyfay;ygw,f/ trSefwu,fawmh JTextArea udk toHk;jyK
r,fqdk&if Scrolling Panes vdkYac:wJh JScrollPane ( )
method udkyg ac:,ltoHk;cs&ygw,f/
Oyrm JScrollPane (YERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_
ALWAYS) ;
qdwk hJ code_line rsK;d eJY JTextArea rSm VERTICAL & HORI-
ZONTAL Scroll Pane awGudk xnfhoGif;ay;&ygr,f/
'gqdk&ifawmh vkdif;eHygwf (17)? (18) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh
setline Wrap ( ) method eJY
setWrap Style Word ( ) method awGudk xnfhoGif;
toHk;jyKp&mrvdkbl;ayghaemf/ 'gayr,fh tck Oyrm a&;jyxm;
wJh code_line [m trSerf [kwyf gbl;aemf/ Oyrmay;NyD; a&;jy
xm;wmyg/ tckvuf&Sd listing 3.18 rSm tck &Sif;jyaewJh
JScroll Pane awGukd xnfo h iG ;f toH;k jyKrxm;wJt
h wGuaf Mumifh
tay:u&Sif;jyaewJh method (2) ckudk xnfhoGif; toHk;jyK&
wmygyJ/
'D method (2) ckom ryg0ifcJh&if pmvHk;a&[m owf
rSwfxm;wJh limit xufykdcJh&if JTextArea udka&m? Form_
Window udka&m tvdktavsmuf Resizeable vkyfNyD; csJUay;
rSmyg/ 'DtcgrSm owfrSwfxm;wJh Form_Windows yHkpH[m
ysufNyDayghaemf/
173
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Note : pmzwfol[m setlinewrap ( ) method / setwrap
Style Word ( ) method ESpfckudk jzKwfxm;NyD;awmh
compile & Run vkyMf unfy h g/ pmvH;k a&^ pmaMumif;
a& rsm;&ifrsm;oavmuf tvdktavsmuf csJUoGm;NyD;
awmh vufcHaeygvdrfhr,f/ wu,fvdkY 'D method
( ) awGudk roHk;csif&ifawmh JscrollPane udk ac:oHk;
&rSmayghaemf/ pmzwfoltaeeJY prf;Munfhyg/
3/ uJ qufNyD;awmh avhvmMunfMh u&atmifvm;/ tJ'D vkid ;f
eHygwf (17)? (18) u Text Wrapping method ESpfck
aMumifh JTextArea udk owfrSwfxm;wJh specified of
Number Rows (4) Rows «pmaMumif;ta&wGuf(4)
aMumif;» specified Number of columns(20) «pmvH;k a&
ta&twGuf (20) vH;k wdw»d udk vufcrH mS yJ jzpfygw,f/
owfrSwfxm;wJh pmvHk;a& (20) xuf ydkvm&if aemuf
wpfaMumif;udk tvdktavsmuf Enter ↵ key ESdyfp&m
rvdkygbJeJY qif;oGm;rSmyg/ 'g[m Text wrapping
method awG&JU oabmw&m;ygyJ/
uJ code_line eHygwf (19) (20) rSmawmh pane vdkY
Object_ Name ay;xm;wJh JPanel Class xJu add ( )
method udk toHk;csNyD;awmh panel xJrSm add vkyfygw,f/
'gaMumifh
pane .add (username.label); // add the JPanel
pane.add (username); // add the JText Field
vdkY a&;xm;wmaygh/ 'g[m JText Field wpfckeJY JLabel
wpfckudk form ay:rSm wyfqifvkdufNyDaemf/
Note : Swing Containers ,including frames, windows,
applets, and dialog boxes, do not allown
components to be added in this manner. Those
containers are broken down into panes, a kind
of container within a container. Ordinarily ,
components are added to the container's
content pane.
txufyg enf;vrf;twkdif;yJ JPassword Field eJY
JLabel wpfckpDudkvnf;aumif;? JText Area eJY
JLabel wpfckpDudkyg txufyg code_line awG
twkdif; xnfhoGif;ygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (22) uae
(25)txdygyJ/ avhvmMunfyh g/ tvG,w f ul oabm
aygufEkdifygw,f/
174 uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
tJ'aD emufrmS awmh show ( ) method udk ac:,l toH;k
csygw,f/ Frame udk Display jyEkdifzdkYtwGufaygh
aemf/ 'Dae&mrSm show ( ) method udk toHk;rjyKcsif
&if setvisible (true) method udk toHk;jyK&ifvnf;
&ygw,f/ tcsKdU program awGrSm uRefawmf toHk;
jyKcJhzl;ygw,f/
Note : tcsKdUaom Swing container xJrSmyg0ifwJh API
method awG[m r&Sif;jy&ao;bJ &Sdaeygao;w,f/
tJ'gawGeJY ywfoufwmawGudkawmh Appendix of
Swing & AWT components vdkY trnfay;NyD;
awmh ydkYcsay;xm;ygw,f/ oD;oefYoifcef;pmtaeeJY
ygyJ/ vuf&Sd Swing & AWT eJY ywfoufwJh oif
cef;pmawGtNyD;rSmyg/ tJ'DtcgrSm vuf&Sd toHk;jyK
NyD;awmh em;rvnfwJh API method awGudkyg com-
pare vkyfNyD;awmh &Sif;jyay;xm;ygw,f/
tJ'Daemuf vkdif;eHygwf (29) rSmawmh main ( )
function udk a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'D main ( )
function xJrSmrS tay:rSm a&;om;cJhwJh form qdkwJh
class udk Object_Name f vkdY ay;NyD;awmh ac:,l
vdkufygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm form ( ) qdkwJh class &JU
constructor function [m tvdkvdk0ifvmNyDaygh/
tJ't D cgrSm form ( ) qdwk hJ constructor xJrmS a&;om;
xm;wJh (uRefawmfwdkYjzpfcsifwJh code_line awG) u
tvkyfvkyfNyDaygh/ vdkif;eHygwf (30) rSmyg/ uJusefwJh
brace } awGuawmh main ( ) function eJY primary
class &JU close brace } awGygyJ/
'gqdk&ifawmh pmzwfoltaeeJY listing 3.18 u code-
line awGukd Analysis vkyw f m tvG,w f ul em;vnf oabm
aygufoGm;NyDayghaemf/ 'Dawmh tJ'D code_line awGudk pro-
gram taeeJY vufawGYwnfaqmufMu&atmif/ Notepad
program xJudkoGm;NyD;awmh tJ'D code_line awGudk a&;om;
yg/
tJ'Dvdk code_line awGudk a&;om;NyD;&ifawmh File →
Save udak wmif;yg/ Save vky& f mrSm C:\j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \bin
qdkwJh folder atmufrSm save vkyf&rSmaemf/ File_Name udk
awmh form.java vdkY trnfay;&ygr,f/ tJ'Dvkd trnfay;NyD;
awmh save vkyx f m;yHu
k kd Figure 3.22 taeeJY a&;jyay;xm;yg
w,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/

Figure 3.22 Write the program In the Notepad
uJtay:rSma&;jycJhwJh Figure 3.22 uawmh Notepad
rSm Code_Line awG a&;om;NyD;awmh save vkyfxm;yHkygyJ/
'Dawmh File udk Save vkyfNyD;&if command prompt xJudk
0ifNyD;awmh compile & Run vkyfMu&atmifvm;/ t&ifqHk;
Directory path udk ajymif;vdkufygOD;/ atmufyg command
eJYajymif;yg/
CD C:\ j2sdk 1.4.1_01 \bin ↵
'Dawmh j2sdk 1.4.1_01 &JU directory atmufuakd &mufomG ;&if
CLS ↵ command eJY screen udk clear vkyv f u
dk yf gOD;/ NyD;&if
atmufyg command eJY compile vkyfyg/
javac form.java ↵
compile vkyNf yD;awmh error r&Sc
d &hJ ifawmh atmufyg command
eJY qufvufNyD;awmh Run vkyfyg/
java form ↵
atmufygtwkdif; compile & Run vkyfyHkudk Figure 3.22.1
taeeJY a&;jyay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/
uGefysLwm*sme,f {NyDv? 2007 ckESpf
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Figure 3.22.1 Compile & Run of the form.java
program
tu,fírsm; Compile vkyfpOfrSm error wufvmcJh&if
vnf; Notepad xJu code_line awGudk0ifNyD;awmh error
Line_No twkdif;jyifNyD;awmh Save As vkyfyg/ NyD;&ifawmh
Compile & Run vkyfyg/ 'Denf;eJYyJ error uif;atmif BudK;
pm; wnfaqmuf&rSmygyJ/ uJ error uif;oGm;vdkY trSm; r&Sd
awmh&if Run vkyfwJhtcgrSm atmufygtwkdif; output xGuf
vmrSmygyJ/ Figure 3.22.2 taeeJY azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/
avhvmMunfhyg/
Figure 3.22.2 Running the form.java program
uJ'gqdk&ifawmh JPassword Field udk toHk;cs a&;om;
xm;wJh program i,fav;udk Demonstrate vkyfjyvdkY NyD;yg
NyD/ pmzwfot l aeeJY ta&SUuoifcef;pmawGeYJ aygif;pyfNyD;awmh
toHk;jyK zefwD;Munfhyg/ qufvufNyD;awmh swing & AWT
components awG[m rsm;jym;vSwmaMumifh sub-Index tae
eJY &Sif;jy&wm[m rsm;jym;vSwmaMumifh Chapter [4] tjzpf
qufvufNyD;awmh oifMum; ydkYcsay;xm;ygw,f/ Swing &
AWT components awGxJrSm yg0ifwJh API method awGudk
vnf; Appendix tjzpf qufvufydkYcsay;rSmyg/ 'gaMumifh
qufvufNyD;awmh Chapter [4] udk qufvufavhvmMunfyh g/
KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]
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