Ladia Novi Tamitasari Rizky Nurkuswari Putri

Just a Piece of Letter

I really miss you, Miss the way you smile, Miss how when we played Mother and Daughter, you were Mother and I Daughter. Even Im older than you. Im your sister. Theres time when I get very big regret, hit my deep heart. Now, is like this too. Dont cry, just smile.. Youve been happy there, Happy in the highest sky, Heaven.

COMPETENCE STANDARD
Communicate oral and written use the Language manner matching with accurate and fluent in discourse interactional and/or monologue, especially in discourse in form of recount narrative, descriptive, procedure, and news item which instructing to variation mean interpersonal in everyday life. (Theme adapted for the text type which is studied and level ability of students linguistics).

News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered newsworthy or important.

The Generic Structure

Main event / Newsworthy events (tells the event in a summary form) Elaboration / Background events (elaborates what happened, explains what caused the incident Sources / Resource of Information (comments by participants, witnesses, authorities, and experts involved in the event)

Analyzing The Generic Structure

Main event the main event is: Three died in an accident of

the pickup after attending marriage ceremony (example)

Elaboration it can be a background, participant, time, and place relating to the accident. It is the detail information for the accident which informs on how the accident happen and who are the victims. Source/ Resource it can be a witness or statement/treatment of the authority.

A news item text tries to answer the 5W and 1H questions:

What, Who, When, Where, Why, and How relating to the newsworthy

THE LANGUAGE FEATURE

Information on the use of headlines Use action verb Use Saying Verb Use Passive Sentences Use Adverbs Focused at man, animal, or certain object Past Tense Spesific, detail information e.g. badly

injured

Significant Grammar Features

Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline Generally using simple past tense Use of material processes to retell the event Using action verbs Using saying verbs Focus circumstances Use of projecting verbal proccess in sources stages

WHO: Balanced Approach for New Bird Flu Virus Strain

SUNGSAM

In 2011, scientists discovered they had created a highly contagious and deadly form of H5N1 commonly called avian or bird flu. When the discovery was announced, debate erupted over whether the research was ethical and fears the new strain could be used as a bioterrorism weapon. Now, the World Health Organization has weighed in on the issue. The WHO said it is deeply concerned about the potential consequences of the research that can make H5N1 more contagious among humans. At the same time, it said studies conducted under appropriate conditions must continue so critical knowledge can be gained on reducing the risks posed by the virus.

SUNGSAM

Assistant Director-General Dr. Keiji Fukuda said debate continues to swirl even though the findings have not yet been published or reviewed by the WHO.
Theyve received an extraordinary amount of attention, I think, both in the popular press and the scientific world. A lot of the general issues raised by the papers are reasonably clear. For example, how do you weigh the risks of doing a certain kind of research versus the benefits? What are the right procedures and processes that need to be in place? These are fairly fundamental issues for science in general and public health, he said.

SUNGSAM

Laboratories in the Netherlands, Japan and the United States developed the new strain of avian flu. When you add the fact youre dealing with the H5N1 virus, which is one of the most dangerous viruses around, then it adds that extra bit of fire to the discussion. And so, weve been following this and monitoring it pretty closely, said Fukuda. Over the years, millions of birds, including poultry, have been killed to prevent the spread of the flu. Now theres a lot of influenza viruses which generally infect only birds and this is one of them. But this one stands out because in addition to infecting birds, it also has the ability to infect a wide range of mammals, including humans. Now it does not infect humans very often, but when it does this virus has consistently been about 50 to 60 percent lethal. So it has an extraordinarily high killing rate, he said.

SUNGSAM

Fukuda described H5N1 as raising the biggest concern about causing a pandemic. He says thats why the recent research has raised so much attention.
While this particular situation is focusing a lot of attention on the risks of bioterrorism, dual use technology and those kinds of questions, which are important, we also want to make sure that we all take a balanced approach to this. So we have to make sure that research continues. We have to make sure that when research is done the risks to people are as minimum as possible, he said.

SUNGSAM

In May 2011, all World Health Organization member states adopted the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework, or PIP for short. Its a guide for sharing virus samples and resulting research benefits. In other words, if a virus with the potential for causing a pandemic is found in a poor country, PIP helps ensure that country benefits when a vaccine or treatment is developed. That was not always the case in the past. Some developing nations lost out because the vaccines or drugs were too expensive.

The WHO assistant director-general said such guidelines should be applied to research involving the new H5N1 strain.

SUNGSAM

In the overall scheme of things, when you look at public health and how were hopefully better at protecting people, making sure that scientific research continues and addresses the critical issues out there (and) fills the gaps in knowledge is absolutely essential. If we dont have that happen, then were always going to be behind the curve and we know that, he said. In the meantime, Fukuda said the natural forms of H5N1 continue to be found in a number of countries, such as Egypt and Indonesia. The new form of the virus is currently under the control of the researchers in a few laboratories. One scientist, who helped develop the new strain, says if H5N1 can be made more transmissible in the lab, it can also happen in nature.

SUNGSAM

Basic Competency

The one thing that can make or break a newspaper article is the headline. A good newspaper headline is concise, informative and, at times, entertaining. When you write a newspaper headline, your goal is to hook the reader into reading the article. Writing a headline for your article is easy, if you follow these steps.

Instructions
Reread your article; identify the underlying theme. Express the theme in an active voice using as few words as possible. Active verbs lend immediacy to a story. If a reader sees a headline written in a passive voice, he or she might glance right over it. Keep your headline in present tense. Keep it simple. A headline is a short, direct sentence without extra adjectives or adverbs. Provide enough information in the headline to give the casual reader an impression of the entire story.

1) It is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple present form is used 2) The present progressive tense is used usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out 3) To refer to the future, headlines often use the infinitive 4) Headlines are not always complete sentences

Tips and Warnings!

Don't try to be overly witty. Make sure you don't misrepresent the story by choosing a headline that doesn't cover the main subject of your piece. Make sure the headline can stand on its own. Always lead with the latest information, even if the story happened yesterday. This also lends a sense of immediacy to the story.

Random Facts
1. 2. 3. Introductory paragraph usually answer the questions who, what, when, and where. The newspaper report may end with an ending statement or comment on the events reported. Sometimes, there is a photograph that shows who or what the newspaper report about. The headline of the newspaper is usually short, simple and catchy. The photograph in a newspaper is usually accompanied by a caption. There is a series of short paragraphs that provides the details of the events. A newspaper report may contain quotes that are comments made by people involved in the event. The date tells us when the newspaper report appeared in the newspapers.

4. 5.
6.

7.
8.

Example of News Item

Moscow A Russian journalist has uncovered evidence of another Soviet nuclear catastrophe, which killed 10 sailors and contaminated an entire town. Yelena Vazrshavskya is the first journalist to speak to people who witnessed the explosion of a nuclear submarine at the naval base of shkotovo 22 near Vladivostock. The accident, which occurred 13 months before the Chernobyl disaster, spread radioactive fall-out over the base and nearby town, but was covered up by officials of the Soviet Union. Residents were told the explosion in the reactor of the Victor-class submarine during a refit had been a thermal and not a nuclear explosion. And those involved in the clean up operation to remove more than 600 tones of contaminated material were sworn to secrecy.

A board of investigators was later to describe it as the worst

1. Newsworthy Events 2. Background Events 3. Sources

STUDENT OF SMAN 2 PALANGKARAYA GETS SCHOLARSHIP TO HARDVARD

Im so thankful because all people around me have helped finding my lovely child.

Yap, me too. I think her boss is just too cruel.

Oh My GOD!! I cant believe that Indonesian migrant worker dies in Malaysia.

Wow Sifa, youre so smart. Thats why you can get the scholarship from Harvard. Im so proud of you.

Thanks Yantia.

Online
http://smanpluspropriau.sch.id/index.php?option=com_conte nt&view=article&id=92:newsitem&catid=65:bahasa-inggris&Itemid=103 http://www.ehow.com/how_2002141_writenewspaper-headline.html http://www.voanews.com/english/news/afric a/decapua-who-h5n1-30dec11136434383.html

Offline
News Item Text.htm How to Write a Newspaper Headline eHow.com.htm WHO Balanced Approach for New Bird Flu Virus Strain Africa English.htm

Books
Widiati, Utami. 2009. English. Jakarta: Bailmu Doddy, Achmad and Sugeng, Ahmad and Effendi. 2008. Developing English Competencies. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan