Pre-calculus Chapter 5 Trigonometric Identities

RECIPROCAL IDENTITIES
sin = 1 csc cos = 1 sec tan = 1 cot

EVEN/ODD IDENTITIES

csc =

1 sin

sec =

1 cos

cot =

1 tan

sin( ) = sin cos( ) = cos

PYTHAGOREAN IDENTITIES
sin2 + cos2 = 1 tan2 + 1 = sec2 cot2 + 1 = csc2

SUM AND DIFFERENCE IDENTITIES

cos( ) = cos cos sin sin sin( ) = sin cos cos sin tan( ) = tan tan 1 tan tan

QUOTIENT IDENTITIES
tan = sin cos cot = cos sin

DOUBLE ANGLE IDENTITIES

cos 2 = cos2 sin2 = 1 2 sin2 = 2 cos2 1 sin 2 = 2 cos sin tan 2 = 2 tan

1 tan2

HALF ANGLE IDENTITIES

1 cos sin = 2 2 1 + cos cos = 2 2 1 cos tan = 1 + cos 2

PRODUCT TO SUM IDENTITIES

1 [ sin ( x + y ) + sin ( x y ) ] 2 1 sin x sin y = [ cos( x y ) cos( x + y ) ] 2 1 cos x cos y = [ cos( x + y ) + cos( x y ) ] 2 1 cos x sin y = [ sin ( x + y ) sin ( x y ) ] 2 x+ y x y cos x cos y = 2 sin sin 2 2 sin x cos y =

SUM TO PRODUCT IDENTITIES

x+ y x y cos 2 2 x+ y x y sin x sin y = 2 cos sin 2 2 x+ y x y cos x + cos y = 2 cos cos 2 2 sin x + sin y = 2 sin

COFUNCTION IDENTITIES
sin x = cos x 2 cos x = sin x 2 tan x = cot x 2 cot x = tan x 2 sec x = csc x 2 csc x = sec x 2

POWER REDUCING IDENTITIES

sin2 x = 1 cos 2x 2 cos2 x = 1 + cos 2x 2 tan2 x = 1 cos 2x 1 + cos 2x