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2 x + 6, x < 3
f (3+ ) = lim+
x 0
2 (3 + x) 6 2 . 3 + 6
=2
x
2 (3 + x) 6 + 2 . 3 6
= 2.
x
Segue o grfico da funo
f (3 ) = lim
x 0
f(x)
x
-2
2.
-1
, se x < 1
x
f ( x) =
.
2 x 1, se x 1
f (1+ ) = lim+
2 (1 + x) 1 2 .1 + 1
= 2.
x
f (1 ) = lim
(1 + x) 1
= 1.
x
x 0
x 0
224
f(x)
4
3
2
1
x
-3
-2
-1
-1
-2
-3
3.
f ( x) =| 2 x + 4 | +3.
Temos a funo reescrita:
2 x + 4 + 3 = 2 x + 7 se x 2
f ( x) =
2 x 4 + 3 = 2 x 1 se x < 2
f (2 + ) = lim+
2 (2 + x) + 7 2 . (2) 7
= 2.
x
f (2 ) = lim
2 (2 + x) 1 + 2 .(2) + 1
= 2.
x
x 0
x 0
x
-3
-2
-1
225
4.
1 x 2 , | x | > 1
f ( x) =
.
, | x | 1
0
f (1+ ) = lim+
x 0
00
= 0.
x
1 (1 + x) 2 1 + (1) 2
= 2.
x 0
x
1 (1 + x) 2 1 + 12
= 2.
f (1+ ) = lim+
x 0
x
0
f (1 ) = lim
= 0.
x 0 x
Segue o grfico da funo
f (1 ) = lim
f(x)
x
-2
-1
-1
-2
-3
5.
2 x 2 , x < 2
f ( x ) = 2
| x | 2.
2 x 6, x > 2
2+2
= 0.
x
2 (2 + x) 2 2 + (2) 2
f (2 ) = lim
=4
x 0
x
2 (2 + x) 2 6 2 x + 6
f (2+ ) = lim+
=2
x 0
x
f (2 + ) = lim+
x 0
226
22
= 0.
x 0
x
Segue o grfico da funo
f (1 ) = lim
f(x)
x
-2
-1
-1
-2
-3
6.
x 2 1, se
Seja f ( x) =
2
1 x , se
a)
Esboar o grfico de f .
x 1
.
x >1
f(x)
x
-2
-1
-1
-2
-3
b)
227
x 1+
x 1
x 1
x 1
c)
f (1) = lim
= 2.
x 0
x
1 (1 + x) 2 1 + 12
f (1+ ) = lim
= 2.
x 0
x
(1 + x) 2 1 12 + 1
= 2.
f (1 ) = lim
x 0
x
f (1+ ) = lim
d)
D = R { 1,1}
f ' (x)
5
4
3
2
1
x
-2
-1
-1
-2
-3
7.
228
(a)
f (x)
x
-2
-1
-1
x, x 1
Temos f ( x) =
1, x > 1
f (1+ ) = lim+
11
=0
x
f (1 ) = lim
1 + x 1
=1
x
x 0
x 0
1, x < 1
f ( x) =
0, x > 1
Portanto f ( x) > 0 em (,1)
(b)
229
f (x)
x
1
2 x 4, x 2
Temos f ( x) =
2 x + 4, x 2
f (2 + ) = lim+
2(2 + x) 4 2.2 + 4
=2
x
f (2 ) = lim
2(2 + x) + 4 + 2.2 4
= 2
x
x 0
x 0
2, se x > 2
f ( x) =
2, se x < 2
(c)
f ( x) > 0, em (2, )
f ( x) < 0, em (,2)
230
f (x)
x
-1
3 x + 6, x 1
Temos f ( x) =
3 x, x 1
f (1+ ) = lim+
3(1 + x) + 6 + 3.1 6
= 3
x
f (1 ) = lim
3(1 + x) 3.1
=3
x
x 0
x 0