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SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MOTORS

SYLLABUS

Constructional features Types Axial and Radial flux motors Operating

principles Variable Reluctance and


Hybrid Motors SYNREL Motors

Voltage and Torque Equations - Phasor


diagram - Characteristics.
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RELUCTANCE TORQUE

The torque exerted by the reluctance motor because of the tendency of the

salient poles to align themselves in the


minimum reluctance position. This torque

is called reluctance torque.


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BASIC FACT

When a piece of magnetic material is loaded in a magnetic field a force acts on the material tending them to bring it into the most dense portion. Force tends to align the specimen of material in such a way that the reluctance of the magnetic path lies through the material will be minimum.
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RELUCTANCE MOTOR

Defined as an electric motor in which torque is produced by the tendency of the

rotor to move to a position where the


inductance of the excited winding is

maximum
minimum.

and

the

reluctance

is
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CONSTRUCTION

Broadly classified into two parts 1. Stator

2. Rotor

STATOR CONSTRUCTION

Similar to induction motor. Outer frame to cover whole machine. Next to frame stator core is available. Stator core made up of silicon material to reduce hysteresis and eddy current loss Core have slots. Slots used for housing the stator winding.
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STATOR CONSTRUCTION

Usually three provided.

phase

winding

are

ROTOR CONSTRUCTION

No permanent magnets. No separate field winding for excitation on rotor. Have salient pole rotor core. Made up of solid steel material or laminated sheets. Low cost, high efficiency and capable of operating at very high speeds.
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WORKING PRINCIPLE

Works on the basic principle of minimum reluctance position. Sinusoidal rotating field is produced in the air gap when stator winding is excited by AC supply. Produced field exerts reluctance torque on the unsymmetrical rotor. Tending to align the salient pole axis of the rotor with the axis of revolving magnetic field.
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WORKING PRINCIPLE

Rotor tries to align with the minimum reluctance position by developing reluctance torque in between stator and rotor. No core in the rotor so no core or copper loss.

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WORKING PRINCIPLE

The reluctance torque developed in the type of motor can be expressed as

If reluctance torque is sufficient to start the motor, the rotor will pull into step with revolving field.
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WORKING PRINCIPLE

The rotor continue to run at the speed of the revolving field. The rotor revolves synchronously, its poles lag behind the stator pole by a certain angle known as torque angle. The reluctance torque increases with the increase in torque angle.
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ADVANTAGES

No need field excitation at zero torque. More reliable then PM machines. Rotors are constructed from high strength and low cost materials. The motors can be operated from standard PWM ac inverters. Have capability to survive very high temperature. Motor has simple and rugged construction. High speed capability.
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DISADVANTAGES

Compared to induction motor it is slightly heavier and has low power factor.

But Increasing the saliency ratio factor can be improved.

the power

2. High cost than induction motor.

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APPLICATIONS

Pumps and conveyors. Synthetic fiber spinning mills. Motor pumps. Metering pumps. Widely used for constant speed applications such as 1. recording instruments. 2. Timing devices.
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