UDBP Presentation

Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme (UDBP) A presentation to Inter-Action BPI Innitiative
By George Mugerwa, Programme Coordinator Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme, Heifer International- Uganda
george.mugerwa@heifer.org
June 21, 2012
Presentation Outline
Location of Uganda
Background Information Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme
What is biogas?
Progress to date Benefits of biogas
Programme challenges
Way forward Appreciation
June 21, 2012
Location of Uganda Area 241,551 sq Km
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Background
Uganda is richly endowed with renewable energy
resources for energy production and the provision of energy services. The total estimated electrical power potential is about 5300 MW. However these resources have remained unexploited due to the perceived technical and financial risks.
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Background conts
Some
of the factors that have impeded the development of the renewable energy sector include:
Higher upfront investment costs, compared to other
conventional energy options, Inadequate legal and institutional frameworks to support new renewable energy investments, Limited technical and institutional capacity in the public and private sectors, to implement and manage renewable energy
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Background conts
Inadequate financial support for investing in renewable
energy projects, Limited awareness of the availability, benefits and opportunities of renewable energy within the public domain Inadequate standards and quality assurance for most RETs and Insufficient information on renewable energy resources and technologies
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Background conts
Uganda s population is estimated to be 34.6 Mn with a
growth rate of 3.5% p.a. and GDP growth 6.4% Over 87% live in rural areas. Over 70% of the population is employed in agriculture which grows at 3.0%. Over 35% live below the poverty line In Uganda cooking does not mean simply turning on an electric stove. Over 90% of Ugandans use traditional energy sources i.e. fuel wood, charcoal or agricultural waste products.
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Background conts
Forests coverage 4.9 Mn Ha (24% of total land
area) but they have already been destroyed. Per capita consumption for firewood stands at 680 kg/ yr and 240 kg/yr for rural and urban areas respectively. Total wood annual wood consumption is over 25 Mn tones (65% HH fire wood, 16% charcoal and 14% industrial) Deforestation rate ranges between 1.1%-3.15% per year (55,000 Ha per year). Women and children have to walk long distances to look for fuel wood. Furthermore, fuel wood has been proved to have negative effects on peoples lives (due to smoke). However Uganda is also blessed to have 11.4 million heads of cattle. 4.5 million householders keep at least a one type of livestock.
Grazing Ugandan cows June 21, 2012
Cattle density per sq Km
June 21, 2012
Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme- UDBP

UDBP is a 5 year program under the Africa Biogas Partnership
Program (ABPP) and covers 6 countries:

Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal,
Tanzania and
Uganda
The
programme fits into Ugandas environmental management concerns and the Renewable Energy Policy goal of increasing the use of modern renewable energy from 4% to 61% by 2017.
george.mugerwa@heifer.org June 21, 2012
10
UDBP Conts
UDBP started in 2009 and focuses on the development of a
commercially viable biogas sector in Uganda (through a wider stakeholder participation) It is a tripartite partnership programme implemented by:
Heifer International Uganda (National Implementing Agency-NIA),
HIVOS (Funds Manager) and

SNV (Technical Assistance);
The programme works in close collaboration with the ministries
of:
Energy & Mineral Development, Agriculture , Animal Industry and Fisheries Water and Environment
11 george.mugerwa@heifer.org June 21, 2012
UDBP conts
Programme Goal: To improve the livelihoods and quality of
life of rural and peri-urban farmers in Uganda through utilizing the market and non-market benefits of domestic biogas:
Energy for households, Better health, Improved sanitation among households,
Improvement in agricultural production,

Better environment management and Employment for both male and female youth
12
June 21, 2012
UDBP conts
Overall objective:
To disseminate domestic biogas technology in rural and peri-urban areas in Uganda. Specific objectives:
To maximize all benefits of biogas plants, especially related to gender
and use of bio-slurry (By-product and quality organic manure). To develop a commercially viable market oriented biogas industry. To work towards achieving installation and use of 12,000 quality biogas plants by 2013.
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June 21, 2012
UDBP conts
To ensure sustainability and continued operation of all
biogas plants installed under the program.

To further strengthen institutions for sustainable
development of the biogas sector

To establish a financially sustainable national domestic
biogas sector through the utilization of carbon revenue.

These objectives fit into Heifers mission of ending hunger and
poverty.
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June 21, 2012
UDBP Functions/Work Packages
15
June 21, 2012
Primary process
NBSC (Comprised of different sector players)

Heifer International Uganda
NIA
Biogas stoves
Manufacturing
company
Pre-man fitting mat
Biogas Construction Enterprise
Biogas Branch Org
Micro finance institutions
Bussiness support
Rural Development
Pre-man
plant parts
Organizations
Construction
After Sales Service
Credit
User training
Promotion
16
June 21, Integration 2012
But What is Biogas?

Biogas refers to a mixture of gases produced by the
biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic digestion) Produced from biodegradable materials such as animal dung, sewage, garbage/refuse, plant materials and energy crops. Biogas comprises primarily methane (60-70%) & carbon dioxide (35%). Other gases include nitrogen, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide & oxygen (5%)
Concept of Biogas
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Biogas Production
Biogas
Manure Methane
CO2
H2S, N2, O2
Organic wastes
Plant Biomass
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June 21, 2012
Plant Sizes, O&M, Use and Cost

Plant Size 4m3 Amount of dung quantity of water/urine used used daily 25 to 38 Kgs About 1:1 by volume. Amount of water/urine used depends on the texture of the dung. Therefore, keep adding water until you attain a mixture that is neither too thick nor too watery. (it should be like porridge that can be easily taken without a spoon) No of hours for cooking & lighting 1.5 hrs cooking; 4 hrs of lighting 1 stove + 1 lamp (1-1.5l gas) 4hrs of lighting 4hrs of cooking 1 stove, 1 lamp 6hrs cooking 5hrs lighting 2 stoves + 2 lamps (2.3-3.4l) 7 hrs cooking 5 hrs lighting 2 stoves + 3 lamps (3.4-5 l)
Estimated cost (USD)

650- 680
6m3
38 to 56 Kgs
772- 820
9m3
56 to 84 Kgs
876- 920
13m3
84 to 127 Kgs
1055- 1100
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June 21, 2012
Progress to date
Function National Biogas
Steering Committee chaired by MEMD. Well established secretariat with a team of qualified staff Cordial working relationship with the different sector players 2756 biogas users trained in O&M and Bio slurry mgt 245 masons have been trained to construct biogas plants.
Model farmer explaining others on how biogas works 21
Heifer International- Uganda Office

22 george.mugerwa@heifer.org
Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme Team

June 21, 2012
Progress to date cont

2418 biogas plants have
so far been constructed 50 awareness sessions and preconstruction trainings held across the country. Emerging sector with different actors taking up different roles in UDBP (19 BCEs)
His Majesty King Ronald Mutebi (center) inspecting a biogas plant under construction
June 21, 2012
Line graph showing Plant production (2009-2011)

1400 1276 1200
1200
1000
1000
800
Planned Actual 583
600
400
200 120 0 42 2009 2010 2011
24
June 21, 2012
Benefits of Biogas Technology

These are categorized as:
Social, Health and Sanitation benefits
Economic benefits Agricultural and Environmental benefits
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June 21, 2012
Social, health & sanitation

Biogas has a higher heating value
compared to traditional sources. Reducing time used in collecting fuel wood Clean and smoke free cooking gas thus clean cooking environment Reduces indoor air pollution. School going children can enjoy reading at night. User friendly, thus all members in the household can enjoy cooking Easily accessed by farmers with livestock living in rural areas
26
Benefits of Biogas
Searching for firewood

Cooking made easy with Biogas

June 21, 2012
Social, health & sanitation contd

Composting pits improves
hygiene Cow dung acts as an insect repellant Bio-toilet greatly improves home sanitation Enables peri-urban farmers to participate in animal husbandry,
Economic benefits
The technology is a source of
income to the masons and fabricators. Reduce household expenditures. More reliable than other sources Less time consuming. High demand for bio-slurry as an organic fertilizer and livestock feed supplement. Easy and friendly to transport & market the moist and friable slurry
Stuck on the road; what next?

June 21, 2012
29
Economic benefits
Mushroom growing using
Biogas construction as a source of employment

Application of bio slurry on mushrooms

June 21, 2012
Agricultural & Environmental Benefits

Excellent
production Improves soil physical and chemical properties like aggregation, water holding capacity etc. Catalyst for composting other agricultural waste. Increases the amount and quality of compost.
Increases
organic fertilizer produced;

agricultural
Agricultural & Envtl benefits contd

Improves
diseases.
plant tolerance to
Bio-slurry can be used as food

supplement reduction. at 50% cost
Conservation of forests by
reduction in firewood/charcoal consumption,
Reduction
in the green house gas emissions.

Use of bio slurry as animal feed supplement
32
Programme Challenges
High investment cost in many of the rural areas- currently

33
standing at 1,000$. Limited access to credit facilities for the potential clients. High interests charged by MFIs on client loans- over 30%. High inflationary rates which hit 30.5% Limited financial support from the government. Shortage of water during the dry season which affects plant performance. Absence of a facility to support institutional biogas. Traditional grazing practices.
Way forward
Strategic alliance with potential partners to reach a wider

34
population Solicit for co-funding to make the technology more affordable to the farmers Integration with other related activities to offer a comprehensive package (water harvest, agro forestry and value addition composited manure) Lobby government to offer a tax waiver on biogas appliances (stoves, gauges and lamps) Lobby micro finance institutions to extend credit at lower interest rates. Working with government to develop standards for biogas and integrate it into the VTIs curriculum.
Join us to tame following problems!!
35
June 21, 2012
Appreciation
Special thanks to the following partners for support:
The Dutch Government The Government of Uganda Heifer International- From Headquarter- Country level HIVOS SNV
Implementing partners- Masons, BCEs, Fabricators, CBOs ,

Inter Action- for creating a competitive platform
Thank you so much for the support and may the Almighty God give you more blessings. For God and my Country!
Contacts
Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme Plot 1, Yusuf Lule Road, Nakasero P. O. Box 28491, Kampala Tel: +256-414231828 E-mail: www.heiferuganda.org
Mbarara Office: Plot 185, Mile 2 Masaka-Mbarara Tel: 0485-420041

UGANDA
Mbale Office: Plot 37, Masaba Road Tel: 0352-277875
Thanks For Listening

June 21, 2012

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Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme (UDBP) A presentation to Inter-Action BPI Innitiative

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

Location of Uganda Area 241,551 sq Km

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

Grazing Ugandan cows June 21, 2012

Cattle density per sq Km

June 21, 2012

Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme- UDBP

Program (ABPP) and covers 6 countries:

HIVOS (Funds Manager) and

The programme works in close collaboration with the ministries

Improvement in agricultural production,

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

biogas plants installed under the program.

development of the biogas sector

biogas sector through the utilization of carbon revenue.

June 21, 2012

UDBP Functions/Work Packages

June 21, 2012

NBSC (Comprised of different sector players)

Pre-man fitting mat

Biogas Construction Enterprise

Biogas Branch Org

Micro finance institutions

After Sales Service

June 21, Integration 2012

But What is Biogas?

June 21, 2012

June 21, 2012

Plant Sizes, O&M, Use and Cost

Estimated cost (USD)

June 21, 2012

Model farmer explaining others on how biogas works 21

Heifer International- Uganda Office

Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme Team

Progress to date cont

June 21, 2012

Line graph showing Plant production (2009-2011)

Planned Actual 583

200 120 0 42 2009 2010 2011

June 21, 2012

Benefits of Biogas Technology

June 21, 2012

Social, health & sanitation

Searching for firewood

Cooking made easy with Biogas

Social, health & sanitation contd

Stuck on the road; what next?

Biogas construction as a source of employment

Application of bio slurry on mushrooms

Agricultural & Environmental Benefits

organic fertilizer produced;

Agricultural & Envtl benefits contd

Bio-slurry can be used as food

in the green house gas emissions.

Join us to tame following problems!!

June 21, 2012