KAERI Nuclear training center 4.

3 STEAM GENERATOR

The Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS) of KNSP uses two steam generators for transfer of heat from the RCS to the main steam system, One steam generator is located in each loop. As shown in Fig. 4-9, each steam generator is a conventional, PWR, inverted U-tube steam generator with an integral economizer which operates with the reactor coolant on the tube side and secondary coolant on the shell side. Reactor coolant, heated in the reactor core, flows through the 42-inch diameter hot leg piping to the inlet plenum of the steam generator. From the inlet plenum, reactor coolant flows upward through the tubes and back down again to the outlet plenum. The reactor coolant transfers some of its energy to boil the steam generator water through the walls of the steam generator tubes. The reactor coolant exits the tubes, is collected in the outlet plenum, and leaves the outlet plenum through two, 30-inch I.D. cold leg pipes to the suction of each of the loop? reactor coolant pumps. The major components of steam generator are illustrated in Fig. 4-10.

Fig. 4-9 Steam Generator Cutaway

Fig. 4-10 Steam Generator Components

The steam generator provide steam for the turbine generator and supply temperature control of the reactor coolant system during heat-up, at operating conditions and during cooldown. Also, it provide for a heat sink in the event of a loss of all AC power. For enhancing the steam generator thermal effectiveness, the concept of integral economizer is adopted in the steam generator. Fig 4-11 shows a cutaway view of the economizer region and flow path through it. Feedwater is introduced through sparger ring to mix with the recirculating water flow in the downcomer channel and is also introduced into a separate but integral section of the steam generator. A semi-cylindrical section of the tube bundle, at the cold the tube bundle by vertical divider plates. Feedwater is introduced into this section and preheated before discharge into the evaporator section.

Fig. 4-11 Flow Path of Economizer

With the fixed reactor coolant conditions, the use of an economizer enables the steam generator to operate a higher steam pressure without an increase in heating surface. Also the economizer increases the cold leg side temperature into contact with the primary outlet or cold leg side of the tube bundle. Thus, the thermal effectiveness is increased (Fig. 4-12).

Fig. 4-12 Thermal Effectiveness of Economizer Concept