American Inside Out Students book Advanced Lesson 1 Identity 1 - ) Denzel Washington is the actor in the letter A picture=in

=in picture A, Marilyn Monroe was a factory worker back in 1926, on the letter B picture. Penelope Cruz is the charming Spanish model at letter C and President George W. Bush is the man at the letter D picture. What do you know about these famous people? How did they influence their world? What celebrities do you admire? Why? I never liked Sean Penn, for example; but I truly admire what he`s doing in Haiti. Correction: Denzel Washington: Denzel Washington is the actor in picture A. Hes an Afro-American actor, very popular in blockbuster action movies, pretty often acting as a police officer. Hes very dramatic when acting. I do like action movies but I truly prefer movies like Do the right thing by Spike Lee; it has a lot of action as well, but it is also tries to spread a multi-cultural message; not only killing the bad guys who are terrorizing the planet, like Denzel Washington does in most of his major roles. Marilyn Monroe: I dont know a lot about Marilyn Monroe. I believe that all the information regarding her sounds fabricated by the media. It seems that she had an affair with an American president and that she is, of course, girly and blonde (which is definitely not my type). I dont even think shes pretty, I do prefer Brunettes. But I think she drove the worlds attention anticipating the sixties women liberation movement (May of 68 in France ), because of the clothes she used to

wear (extremely different from the patterns expected from celebrities or regular women at that time. Penelope Cruz: Penelope Cruz is the charming Spanish model in picture C, shes pretty famous at Spain acting on Pedro Almodovars movies, as well as other independent productions. In USA, shes more famous because of her beauty and sex appeal. I prefer when she speaks Spanish in the movies that she act. I do like Almodovar. Even though his movies are most based in his sexual traumas, I think he found a good way to deal with that without having to go to the shrink. President George W. Bush President George W. Bush is the man in picture D. I know that he was a bad student at college, a big fan of baseball and son of George Bush, who was also a president and owner of a big petroleum factory. Being a president and owning private enterprises caused problems to both presidents, which were accused by some democrats of favoring their companies by using their political influence. Regarding George Bush, the son, he also triggered a war for freedom after the September 11 attacks no USA. The war took place in Afghanistan and Iraq costing 1 trillion dollars to the U.S peoples pockets. Before any criticism, I would like to reinforce that I truly think that acting towards democracy in every country is important and that the United Stated has to play a major role on that issue. But my major concern is that sending young ones to a devastated territory and also considering all the hungriness in the world, that large amount of money spending does not sound the right thing to do, considering the principles of a peaceful and cooperative planet.

2- ) Check. 3- ) Work with a partner and discuss these questions: a- What documents do you usually use to identify yourself? Answer: I usually use a national I.D card, although sometimes I may present my drivers license. Nowadays, the Brazilian government ____decided that these documents need to be in a light plastic wrap, so its not really a card, my conclusion is these plastics are not good, they can tear up if you carry it on your wallet. I would rather like to have one decent I.D than be carrying two plastic ones. Its embarrassing for example, when you go to an embassy and present a messed up I.D.=For example, when you go to an embassy, it`s embarrassing to present a torn, rabbiteared ID. If our decision as a country is to have I.Ds for everyone, we should at least have something more presentable. -Complete independent clauses are separated by semi-colons: ; -Figures in photographs are contained within the borders of the photo= in. -be in= be enclosed in x be made of= the material used, intrinsic substance of an object -If I tear up a piece of paper (transitive=has an object), it rips/tears into many smaller pieces (intransitive= no object) -I would like to be on a sunny beach. OR sunny beach. b- Do you always carry ID? Is this required by law in your country? I`d rather be on a

Answer: Yes, I always carry ID. It is required by the Brazilian police forces. I think this is some form of vestige/ from the dictatorship eras, when police officers could arrest and interrogate anyone without any form of explanation. People always had to carry an I.D, just in case they were stopped for suspicious acts against the law. And it wouldnt take too much to be an outlaw during those times. My mom always mentions that she had to share hidden books to read some thinkers like Karl Marx or Michel Foucault, banished from the libraries because of their inflamed writings against the capitalist society, and so, against the dictatorship installed= in power in Brazil. What I find absolutely amazing is that they did not oversee textbooks used in primary school, jr high or high school. When you were kids, they were all Marxist social studies and history texts!! -Watch sentence length. Key ideas get lost in the middle of run together clauses. c- When are you usually asked to show your ID? Answer: Im not usually asked to show my ID anywhere, unless its election time and it is required by the law to show an ID to vote. People very often have to show their IDs when they are stopped by the police for speeding or during vehicle inspection blitzes or they are too young to enter a PUB; Im out of that age range.

d- What information does your ID give about you?

Answer: My ID presents information about my name and my parents name, as well as where and when I was born, my gender and a number. This number is used for basically everything in life, like subscribing entering a selection process for public jobs concourse, opening a bank account, requesting a passport, etc e- Do you have any ID on you right now? Answer: No, I do not have an ID with me right now. Its not necessary because Im at home, which is considered to be a private place by the constitution. You are only required to have it with you when you are in a public place, and a police officer can show up and ask it of you. f- Do you like the picture? When was it taken? Answer: I never looked at the picture since I do not care about how I look in pictures/photos(use plural without any article (ie the/a/an)for generalities. It was taken when I had to require was required to get/had to request? The ID no comma between object and time adverbials 2 or 3 years ago. Born and Bred 1 Work in small groups and answer these questions:
a- ) Where is your hometown? Were you born there? If

yes, were your parents born there too?

Answer: My hometown is So Jos dos Campos, I was born there in 1981. My parents are not from the same place, they were born in So Paulo. They married over omit there and came here during the mid-seventies, after my father got a job at the Brazilian National Space Research Institute or The National Institute of Space Research Compare: Look over there. Your keys are over there. (Eye movement) Can you come over tomorrow? (Body movement) We can go over your composition (eye movement) vs. He worked there for three years. I didnt understand this.
b- ) When someone asks you where youre from, what do

you say? If that person was a foreigner and obviously didnt know your country very well, would your answer be the same? Answer: When someone asks me where Im from, I answer that Im from my hometown, So Jos dos Campos. If the person is a foreigner. I say the same thing, but I do some geographical explanations using key points such as The city of So Paulo or Rio de Janeiro, so the person can envision my answer better. c- ) Which is most important to you in defining who you are: your hometown, your country, your language, your job, or something else? Why? Answer: I believe its a combination of those things plus a lot of others. The human being can arrange innumerous ways of defining their psycho-social self. Personally, I would define myself by sharing my principles and beliefs; which have been

influenced by my country, friends, language, personal and work experience, and university studies). 2- ) Listen to Steve, David and Valeria answering some of the questions above. Take short notes on their answers. Which questions did they answer? Steve: He travelled around a lot, was born in Miami, so he is American, his parents were born in Argentina, Mendoza. His Dad is proud of being from Mendoza and also being an American. He said that language is the most important thing to describe him, because Miami has two languages. His attitude is very important to him as well. David: David is from North America, but hes from Canada, sometimes he says that he is from Montreal, where he was born and raised. He said that not being considered American just from being from Canada is not nice. He thinks that the language you speak defines who you are. He speaks French and misses speaking French sometimes. His mother loves to speak both languages. At Montreal, youre surrounded by two languages. Valeria: She said that hometown and her job is very important for her. Her family has lived in the same house for five generations, with high ceilings, and she loves the house, the farm, the land and everything nearby. She likes being a doctor, and everybody in her generation is a doctor; shes the first woman to be a doctor in her family. Shes happy with her choice, and loves medicine; its an old tradition; its a respected profession and shes really proud.

a -) Which person in 2 do you identify most closely with? Why? I identify most closely with David. I have also lived in Montreal for one year when I was a kid; so I can say that I was kind of raised there for a little, as well. I also think that__ is disrespectful with Canada and other American countries when they are not considered or acknowledged as being American as well as anyone who came down on a ship to the lands of the new world in the last five centuries...=grammatical orphan I didnt understand these corrections above. b-) Were any of their answers similar to the ones your group gave in 1? I think that when Steve mentions attitude, I was identified with him as well as when David mentioned all the stuff about Canada and the American feeling. I didnt feel close to Valeria, even though she mentioned that family is important for her, as it is important for me. Close-Up Types of adverbials 1 - Look at the sentences below. Underline all the adverbials. a-) I always stress the fact that Im Canadian and not American.

b-) I live in northern New Jersey. c-) Ive lived there since I left home. d-) I went there to study medicine. e-) I really like living there. 2-) a-) After thirty-five years of living there, hes just become an American citizen and hes really proud of that. b-) Sometimes When Im travelling, people just assume that Im American, or maybe theyre just using the word American to mean North American. c-) I guess in other parts of Canada its possible to stick to just one language. d-) Ive actually lived here all my life, and so has my family. My family has lived in the same house for five generations. e-)I really like the idea that Im the fourth generation of doctors in the family and that a woman can carry on what was basically until very recently a male family tradition. 3-) Listen and check. 4-) Look at the adverbials that were removed in 2. Put them into the categories below: (Sounds right mode: on) A ) Describes how often something happens Sometimes, all my life. Really Just In other parts of Canada. B ) Intensifies an adjective C ) Emphasizes the verb D ) Describes where the action happens

E ) Describes when the action happens

-

When Im travelling. For Five generations Until very recently.

F ) Indicated how long an action continued for G ) Comments on the noun phrase

Position of adverbials 1 Look at the sentences below. Where would you normally place the adverb always in each of them? We always define ourselves according to our place of birth. We have always defined ourselves according to our place of birth. We would ____ have always defined ourselves according to our place of birth. We wouldnt ______ have defined ourselves always according to our place of birth.

2 Look at this sentence again and answer the questions. 1 We 2 define 3 ourselves 4 according to our place of birth 5. a-) In which position, 1-5, would you normally add each of these adverbials to this sentence?

When we are children - 1 Often - 2 If we live there ?5

To some extent - 4 On the whole - ?1 Probably- ?2

b-) Which adverbials would you not use in position 2 ? - ?adverbials of place, time c-) In which position can you never add an adverbial? 5 3(between verb and object) 3 Modify the model sentence in 2 to fit your own opinion as closely as possible. We sometimes define ourselves according to our place of birth. 4 Look at these pairs of sentences. The adverbials in italics are in different positions. How does this change the meaning of the sentence? 1A Only Kate knows how to look after horses 1B Kate only knows how to look after horses In letter A, Kate is the only person who is able to muster horses. In letter B, the meaning is that Kate doesnt know how to do anything else but look after horses. 2A Honestly, I cant speak to her anymore 2B I cant speak to her honestly anymore In letter A, the person is being frank and sincere; its impossible for him/her to talk to her anymore. In letter B, the person cant be honest any longer. It seems like the conversations wouldnt be based on sincerity.

3A Earlier, I had wanted Rich to come to the meeting 3B I had wanted Rich to come to the meeting earlier. In letter A, it seems like the person changed his mind, wanting Rich to come to the meeting earlier, but then something happened and thats no longer necessary. In letter B, the person seems disappointed, because Rich was supposed to get to the meeting earlier.

I am who I am 1 Which do you identify most strongly with: your job, your hometown, or your family? You are going to describe the importance of one of these three things to a partner. Choose which one you are going to describe and read the questions below. Think about what you are going to say and the language you will use. Your job What do you do? I am a social sciences teacher. How long have you done it for? I have 5 years of experience as a teacher, and 1 year as an assistant teacher. Did you need to study a lot for it?

Yes, I had to take a very difficult undergraduate course, in which I read dozens of books and participated in innumerous lectures. My second home was the library during college and nowadays I still dedicate a lot of my time to reading and expanding my knowledge with intellectual debates with friends and teachers.

Have you always wanted to do this job? I cant say that. I always wanted to be a musician; but in my country__ that does not guarantee you a steady income. But I discovered that being a teacher is not so far away from being an artist; if you perceive your students well and engage them into omit cultural studies, you will challenge alienated minds (including your own). To challenge patterns and debate them has been the project of great musicians; so I feel blessed by having music as a hobby and teaching as a career. Does anybody else in your family do the same job? Not right now. My mother was a teacher as well as my father. Right now my mom is working as a freelancer and my father is working at Vale do Rio Doce as an engineer. What do you enjoy most about your job? The thing I most enjoy is the sense of being part of a community, trying to make my city and the children and adolescents better persons and having critical perception(this grammatically refers

to you trying and having) of their own lives as well as the rules of our society. They are the future of this planet, and being part of their lives is thrilling. They look to me as somebody who can guide them and I look to them as young apprentices who can also teach me great things as well, its a fair change of knowledge and life experiences.

Is there anything you dont enjoy? I have to admit that sometimes theres a lot of preparation, tests and activities to correct. A lot of debates about hot issues such as the death penalty or euthanasia are difficult to manage sometimes. It is necessary to be very patient and connected to the schools coordinators/administration in order to be ready and motivated to perform in a high level. If a teacher is only motivated by their personal motivations, he or she might me disconnected with the school curriculum, but if hes the obedient sheep, he will never be able to apply his true feelings about why he is a teacher. In my experience as a teacher, I witnessed a lot of different teacher cases. Some of them do not have the perception that the intellectual studies are connected to their practical life. It is a common thing to have extended debates about social interactionism with the pedagogical coordination, and 1 or 2 weeks later some teacher is caught screaming and crying inside the classroom. The origin of these problems, in my opinion, is the lack of preparation by teachers in college. Its impossible to teach them

everything while they have to teach, correct tests, pay the rent and manage to stay alive in the competitive market. Our licenciatura courses in college are very poor, but at least what I heard from different academic teachers is that there is a project to rebuild that, in every public university in Brazil. If we take the examples of rich countries around the world, they have always based their investments in education. Brazil is lucky to have natural resources and hard-willing people. With a better education system, I have high hopes on Brazil be leading the world in a couple centuries. Do you think you will continue in the same job for the rest of your working life? I will always have the passion and will to teach. I am not sure if I will be always teaching to children and teenagers; perhaps I will be glad to debate with adults one day. Or even work (??) as an education manager for the cultural department of a city or state. Is there anything else youd like to add? No, I think that I have said enough. Corrections done on 05/29 08:30-09:30(Always in blue). Maintained suggestions in red for further analysis.

Complementary exercises proposed by teacher (Transitive and Intransitive verbs)1

The Difference Between Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

http://www.testmagic.com/knowledge_base/toefl/exercises/grammar/transitive_intra nsitive/intro_01.htm

My sister broke the window. My father cried. Can you figure out the difference between the verbs (broke, cried) in the above sentences? Im not talking about the meaning, Im talking about the grammar. In other words, how are these two verbs grammatically different? We should notice that the first verb, broke, has another word after it. The second verb, cried, does not have another word after it. Generally speaking, we can say that all verbs in English can be divided into two groupsthose that must have a word (or words) after them and words that do not have to have any word after them. This rule is simplified right now, but we will learn more later. For now, lets just focus on the simple ideas. Lets look at the two different kinds of verbs.

Transitive Verbs
My sister broke the window. In the first sentence, the word that comes after the verb, window is the object of the verb. We say that window is the object because it receives the action of the verb. All objects of verbs receive the action of the verb. Here are some more examples of transitive verbs with their objects:
o o o o o

I I I I I

sold some books. took the bus. bought a radio. understood her question. wrote a letter.

When a verb has an object that receives the action of the verb, we say that the verb is transitive. Transitive verbs are more common on the TOEFL than intransitive verbs, but many students get confused about intransitive verbs. Lets look at the other kind of verb now.

Intransitive Verbs
My father cried. We can see in this sentence that there is no word

after cried. In other words, there is no object for the word, so there is no noun to receive the action of the word. Think about itwhat could we say? My father cried something. Is there a noun that we could use after cried? We could probably think of one or two nouns, like tears, or even, good-bye, but normally, we do not use the verb cry with an object. In this case we say that this verb is intransitive because it does not have an object after it. Here are some more examples of intransitive verbs:
o o o o o

I slept. I coughed. The glass fell. My cat ran. The sun rose.

We should notice that in each case, the subject is doing the action of the verb and nothing receives the action. Common Test Prep Points It is extremely important to be able to understand whether a verb is transitive or intransitive. For many verbs in class, if your teacher thinks that the verb is hard to understand, we will ask something like this: T: Do we cry or do we cry something? Then, the student should respond something like this: S: Just cry. In this case, we would say that cry is intransitive. BE CAREFUL!! One reason that understanding this point is so important is that it is very easy to become confused about whether a verb is transitive or intransitive. Consider the following example: I went to the store yesterday. Is went transitive or intransitive? Many people, including native speakers, will tell you that went is transitive since we have many words after went.

However: To say that went is transitive would be a BIG mistake!! So, what are all those other words after went? Well, first of all, to the store is a prepositional phrase. Second, yesterday is an adverb. One more thing: just to make life easier, instead of saying transitive and intransitive all the time, we will say vi (since thats what most dictionaries say) if the verb is intransitive and VT (again, since thats what most dictionaries say) if the verb is transitive. Trust Test Magic: This is extremely important!! We will do some exercises on this point a little bit later. Summary of Transitive and Intransitive Verbs There are some important exceptions to these rules and we will talk about them later. However, for now, we have enough information to do some practice. Practice Transitive and Intransitive Verbs This exercise is relatively simplejust decide whether the verb is transitive or intransitive. In this case, write the answer choice that is more common. Finally, you will notice that several words have been repeated. This is because I want you to remember these words since they are the most common on the TOEFL and they cause the most problems for students.

#
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

VI or VT
VI VI VT VT VT VT VI VT

Verb.
run live throw sell eat result evolve research

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

VI VT VI VI VT VT ? VI VI VT VT VI VI VT VT VI VT

happen feed exist result follow make take place occur exist happen dwell evolve result send invent fly find

Page 7: I am who I am continuation

Your hometown.

Do you still live there? If yes, do you think you will ever leave? If not, would you like to go back there to live sometime?

Answer: Yes, I live in my hometown, although I had bounced around through many cities; outside of Brazil I have lived in Montreal and New York, in Brazil I had the experience of living in Araraquara and the city of So Paulo. I dont think I will be living here for the rest of my life. I came to the conclusion that I prefer cozy; small; even rural cities with a small population; less traffic and a larger sense of friendship within neighbors. When I do get very old, I would like to buy back the house that I lived during my childish and teenager years. I have such good memories of those times and it makes me sad to see that place transformed into a personal security company. How long have you lived there/did you live there? Answer: I have lived in So Jos from 3 years old to 18 and then from 24 to 27, and now from 29 to present. I would guess the total is about 20 years. Has your family lived there for generations, or do your parents come from somewhere else? Answer: My parents came from So Paulo. My fathers parents came from Ukraine, after the Second World War. They could raise eight children in Brazil, even though my grandfather was a stonemason. My father could escape from poverty and the dangers of So Paulo by studying acoustic guitar, going to the church and spending most of his time in the library. My mom also came from So Paulo and their parents are from Brazil, probably Portuguese descendants, nobody

ever answered this very clearly to me. They had also a lot of difficulties, my grandfather Silvestre was a nurse as well as my grandmother and also raised 7 children. Whats your favorite place in the town? Why? Answer: My favorite place in So Jos dos Campos is my room. It has everything I love the most, my cds, my drums, my computer and all my books. I dont have a lot of connection with sights in So Jos dos Campos, I do miss my schools like Monteiro Lobato or Instituto So Jos and if that can be considered a place, that would be my answer. These schools remind me of a magical period; where hope, bravery and friendship were values that me and my friends used to value the most, and by different codes and passage rituals, we made it last until our present days. At what time of year is the town at its best? And its worst? Answer: In my personal opinion, the best weather is its cold or freezing. I love the winter. The worst period is at the beginning of the year, when the sun makes you sweat all the time and the air conditioning has to be on full time. Is it famous for anything? Do tourists come to visit it? Answer: So Jos dos Campos is very famous for its industries and multinationals, installed over the Dutra highway, surrounding the whole city. The city is also famous for one of the biggest airplane companies of the world, named Embraer. We cant forget about the Brazilian National Space Research Institute,

respected all over the world for its researches and already launched satellites. I dont see this city as a touristic place, but more as a business city, attracting people with a lot of knowledge, money and desire to build houses, apartments, stores, malls, schools, restaurants and goods. Your family. Do you come from a big family? Answer: I dont know how to answer this properly. How many brothers and sisters do you have? Answer: I have one brother, hes 20 years old and studies geography at USP, a famous university in So Paulo. I also have an older sister; which is 33 years old; shes a business administrator and works for a consultant company in So Paulo. Do you have any children? Answer: No, I dont. But I do have plans regarding that subject. Who do you get along with best of all? Answer: It would be unfair with everyone to answer that. I love everyone in my family. I have more contact with my Mom and Dad because I live with them right now. But theres no doubt in my mind that I would give them my heart, literally, if necessary, for them to live. Is there anyone in your family you dont get along with? Answer: No. I believe that every possible difference can be surpassed with love and caring. Im not saying that I am

Mr. Perfect, since they have supported so many mistakes and bad decisions that I took. So, I see my family fair-trading their qualities and failures, as it has been going on with families since mankind existed.

What kind of things do you do together? Answer: We Go out for dinner, travel together, but most of all we enjoy talking and having coffee. We love to express our thoughts. So, there are hours and hours of conversation and debates, which is very amusing for everyone.

How much time do you spend together? Answer: I cant measure that. One hour per day with my Mom and Dad. With my brothers is way less, because they live in the city of So Paulo.

Do you prefer spending time with your family or with your friends? Answer: My friends are also part of my family and they are respected by my parents. So, in my mind, theres no difference between my brother and a great friend. I am truly connected with my friends. I have been through a lot of struggles in life and they have always supported my difficulties as well as I was there for them when necessary.

Do you go on vacation with your family?

Answer: Sometimes, its not easy to match everyones schedule. Is there anything else youd like to add? Answer: No, I think thats enough.