Bangladesh Snake Venom Exporting1

Introduction
Bangladesh international trade is small relative to the size of its population, So, The government of Bangladesh struggles to attract export-oriented industries, so to become export oriented we will have to focus more on exporting innovative product beside thrust sector which has a huge demand on international market. We have already started to export crocodile meat and skin which has huge demand in foreign market. Frog legs have become a fad all over the world. Doral Chenoweth of the Dispatch Restaurant Reviewer gave a review of the Fisherman's Wharf restaurant in May of 1998. The reviewer displayed on the internet the Grump's Sampler in which one could find a wide variety of seafood gourmet plates. The most interesting one was the frog leg entree displayed as such "Frog legs: baby legs, tender, and the ultimate white meat sauted on the bones; experience a mix of herb in lemon-garlic butter. These are fresh from Canada, not Bangladesh, the origin of most of the larger frog legs served around Columbus; $15.95." It only cost $15.95 (US dollars on average) to satisfy the gastronomic taste of many individuals around the globe for frog legs. These legs come from a variety of places either from the wild or raise in special farms. Most of the wild frogs come from Bangladesh, India and Indonesia. The farmed ones come from Taiwan, China, Vietnam and Indonesia. As a result, disappearance of the frog race has occurred in a variety of places across the world such as in the United States, Australia, Bangladesh and Costa Rica. Frog leg is another kind of product which has tremendous export potential for Bangladesh. These businesses will help Bangladesh bring lasting change in the economic landscape. We are going to export frog legs for first time in Bangladesh. We will farm different varieties of frogs. For exporting we are going to choose emerging country. The demand for frog legs in France is tremendous. By exporting Frog legs Bangladesh can earn huge foreign exchange. Country like France, china, South Korea, Europe, has huge demand for Frog Leg. So we can take the advantage of this demand and can export Frog leg. So we choose France for exporting our breed frogs leg. ..

Why we choose France for exporting Frog leg?

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The importance of frog legs as a food item in France has apparently been linked to a marked decline in native frogs in Europe, India, and Bangladesh. The dish is common as well in French speaking parts of Louisiana, particularly the Cajun areas of Southern Louisiana as well as New Orleans. They were introduced to New Orleans by Donat Pucheu. Only the upper joint of the hind leg is served, which has a single bone similar to the upper joint of a chicken or turkey wing. They are commonly prepared by frying or deep-frying, sometimes breaded and sometimes un-bread. The French eat 3000 to 4000 tons of them a year. Some 20,000 frogs must be sacrificed in order to supply a single tone of legs. . Based on the trade records, Over 50 million Bangladeshi frogs' legs were leaving the country each year at the end of the 1980s; by the end of the decade, there were believed to be only 400 million frogs left in the country. Bangladesh was importing 25 percent more pesticides each year, partly as a substitute for the lost frogs. And the trade was an economic loss as well: $30 US million were being spent on pesticides per year to bring in only $10 million from the trade in frogs' legs. According to Bangladesh export policy any kind of live animal exporting is prohibited .A temporary export ban was imposed in 1989 and extended until 1992.

As one of the world's poorest and most densely populated countries, Bangladesh must struggle constantly to produce domestically and import from abroad enough food to feed its rapidly increasing population. As result, in the 1980s Bangladesh emerged suddenly and dramatically as a major producer of shrimp, frog legs, and fish for export. Fresh and frozen shrimp accounted for two-thirds of Bangladesh's seafood exports in the mid-1980s. Indeed, The seafood industry's sudden success resulted primarily from private entrepreneurial initiatives, in response to a hospitable international market. Thus, over the past decades, Bangladesh has earned foreign currency by exporting frogs legs approximately 3.03.5 million kg of Frog legs were exported from China each year in the early 1990s.From 1990 to 2001, the export of snake skin decreased by 90%, The Import of significant Numbers of snake skin increased dramatically in 1995, by more than 30% per year, indicating that China has shifted from being a net exporter to a net importer of snake. (Zhou & Jiang , 2003, p.1386-1595). Most snakes were imported there as live individuals, as skin, injections or as frozen meat appeared in 2001.

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Figure: 1 Import quantity of snake skin increased ratio form year 1991-2001. (Data source -Conservation Biology Volume 18, No. 5, October 2004) Product specification: For first time from Bangladesh we are going to export snake meat and skin in China. Our country does not have any Snake farm and snake skin tannery so we are going to cultivate it and will process its meat and skin for exporting. The cultivation and skin and meat processing method is given below: Snake cultivation: There are about 90 species of snakes are in Bangladesh. Out of them we are going to cultivate 10 species of snake.5 species will (Naja sputatrix, Python breitensteini, Python brongersmai, Python curtus and Python reticulatus) be processed as meat. Another 5 species ( Elaphe carinata ,Elaphe flavolineata ,Elaphe moellendorffi ,Elaphe radiate, Elaphe taeniura)-rat snakes will traded as lather.

Place:

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There are many places where usually snake found in Bangladesh. But most of the snakes find in Chittagong hill tracts, Chotonpur, just outside Dhaka, Savar, Ghuradia, Shitakundo, Slyhet hill side. We choose Chittagong hill tracts to produce the snakes and to export it to China. Because it is near from Chittagong port and also from Chittagong airport and it will be convenient for our export business. Figure: 2 snake farm Production and maintenance: A snake farm refers to a Structure which houses and breeds a wide variety of snakes, often for the purpose of research and the collection of venom. Snakes eat a huge quantity of live animals annually that are usually considered as pest on crops or as dangerous to human life. The land snakes eat toads and frogs, lizards and skinks, other snakes, small birds, rodents, hares, other small mammals, and fishes. Python have to breed for 4 year. Every week Python should be fed with 2 rats (starting age of 1 year or less have the length 1,5m). When Pythons get bigger they should fed 4 rats /week. The estimated total cost of feed the snake in four years minimum is US$199. This illustration can be concluded that captive breeding is only possible for pet, since the price of pet roughly US$ 100-125.

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Snakes rarely drink water. Because snakes cannot bite or tear their food to pieces, they must swallow prey whole. The body size of a snake has a major influence on its eating habits. Python was known to have laid 107 eggs at one time. It has been recorded that it ranges from 40 to 136 days. Rat snakes lay up to 30 eggs at a time. A female is capable of reproducing only once every two or three years in cold climate zones. Hutching process:

After lay down egg they have take away from snkae and kept in a hutch like the aboved shown way they have to keep in warm palce by covering them with cloth.

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Then they have to kept under mud and after few days the snake will comeout form egg.this every thing have to be processed by our snake farmer.

Processing of snkae skin : Skin out the snake and make sure that all the meat and fat are removed from the flesh side of the skin. Mix a solution of equal parts pure glycerine and rubbing alcohol in a sealable container. Make enough to fully submerge the skin. Loosely roll the snakeskin, put it into the solution, and seal the container. Let the snakeskin sit for 2-3 days stirring once a day. Make sure that the skin is fully submerged. Remove the skin from the container and rinse with water. Use a dull knife and scrape the flesh side to remove any loose membrane. This will give the flesh side a nice clean look when you are finished. Spread a light coat of the pure glycerine on the flesh side and let it hang dry for 24 hours. Use a damp cloth to wipe any excess residue off the skin and you're all done. Processing of meat : Snake skin will be very carefully removed form skin have to processed the meat. They have to separate from bone and after that they will send for packaging.

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Maintenance: Item Role of The Number of People involved 1. Manufacturer 2. Tannery 3. Supplier 4. Collector 5. Catcher and Farmer The harvest of the specimens from the wild habitat required around 250 people. This number may be divided into the following categories:

60 people are snake catchers (about 10% of them are professional catchers and

70-80% part time farmers and the rests are those unemployed);

40 people are collectors who are collecting specimens from the catchers. 40 people are working for suppliers specimens from collectors.

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40 people working in the manufacturer 20 people are maintained exporting and administrative sector. 50 people for tannery and meat packaging.

Exporting: We can use large package to export the snakes from Bangladesh to the China. We will use Methyl Hydrate to preserve the snake meat. It is generally used for long term storage of snake. We can also use formalin, diluted 1:9. We can leave it until the export is done. Then rinse the formalin off with water and replace the preservative with either denatured ethanol or isopropanol in 70% concentration.

Objective
Our aim is to commercially produce and display Bangladeshs rare species of snake venom in a sustainable manner and at the same time will protect and promote Bangladeshs snake population.
We want to achieve optimum national growth through exporting high priced snake skin in

international market. Want to develop our infrastructure so that we will become an emerging country which will attract foreign investor to invest in our country. We also want to create new employment opportunity for snake charmer and other poor people of Bangladesh, which will contribute greatly in the development of the country.

Limitations
There are some problems we face at the time of farming and exporting snake. The limitations of snake exporting are given below:

Snake farming is very expensive .python cultivation is so expensive that it sometimes not taken the salaries of employee.

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We do not have enough expertise those who recruit for snake farming. Snake charmer are not educated enough so they dont understand the value of snake cultivation

Snake farming is a risky task we need enough trained employee for maintenance but in our country dont have enough snake expert who can trained employee to cultivate snake.

Due to political situation in our country we are facing problem with exported country which will discourages them to trade with our country

Due to our corrupted regulatory system passing approval for this project will be a lengthy process

Its also found in record that an estimated 90 per cent of wild-caught reptiles die in their first year of captivity because of physical trauma prior to purchase or because their owners cannot meet their complex dietary and habitat needs. So this record show that cultivating snake will be bit risky (Live Reptile Trade,2005).

We do not have any tannery for snake skin processing and enough expertise who know about snake skin processing.

Country profile:
Total Population: 1,336,718,015 EST.

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Number of restaurant

Now there are over 20,000 dining establishments in the city

Number restaurant:

of

customer

received

Approximately 3,500 customers a week.

Number of restaurant popular for snake meat: Name of those restaurant : Chinese Menu Reader

24

,Eating and Drinking Culture,

Chinese Banquets, Chinese New Year Traditions ,Human Rights Report 2007, Spring Festival, Chinese Language, Beijing/ Peking Opera, Calligraphy, Jade History, Chinese Kites, History Of Tofu, Chinese Dining Guide, Chinese Food History, Cheongsam (traditional dress),Dai People, Chinese Surnames, Chinese Paper, Chinese Tea, Royal Banquets, Chinese History, Chinese Fans History ,Preparing Chinese Tea, Story of Zheng He Consumption of snake: 91,592 kg (2000)

Snake skin traded:

7 to 9 million kg (each year)

Snake product:

More than 700 different types of snake products are found in Chinese markets (Shi & Gu 2000).

. (Data source -Conservation Biology Volume 18, No. 5, October 2004) Trade Group Member Other than the World Trade Organization (WTO), China is a member of a number of international economic organizations including the:

Economic & Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (ESCAP) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

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World Customs Organization (WCO) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 1981

General Import Clearance Information Clearance Process Working with Customs officials throughout the world, FedEx has developed innovative technology to eliminate many steps of the paperwork-handling process and expedite the movement of international shipments. An example in China is the FedEx Express clear Electronic Customs clearance system. Starting at the origin location, state-of-the-art technology allows the processing of shipment paperwork and electronic transmission of documents to the designated FedEx hub and destination clearance location. The Express clear system also keeps a database of regulatory information, which includes; importers' numbers, broker designations, corporate contact names and telephone numbers. At a FedEx hub, international shipments are sorted, scanned and loaded onto an international flight. Vital shipment information is keyed into a worldwide manifest database, which is linked to computer systems operated by brokers and Customs officials in many countries. Even before the plane has taken off, or while it is in the air, Customs agents and brokers at the destination airport of entry can begin examining shipping manifests, querying air waybill data for more details, assessing duties & taxes and selecting the shipments they wish to examine. By the time the plane arrives at its destination, many packages have already been cleared by Customs. As the plane is unloaded, the Express clear system identifies packages to be examined and prints "cleared" Customs labels for all others. Cleared shipments are transferred to trucks for immediate delivery. International shipments are scanned at all key points throughout the process which allows for up-to-date status reports including when Customs clearance is obtained. There are over 700 Customs and branch offices in China located in airports, seaports and other places that service importers and exporters. Import Shipment Classifications: Formal entry shipment This category includes:

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Shipments containing commodities requiring an import license/permit, quota, or other special clearance documentation Shipments for which foreign exchange need to be paid upon import. In this case, the shipment is automatically classified as a category D regardless of its value and the consignee is required to obtain an individual declaration form, which serves as an import certificate. The declaration can then be used by the bank to make payment to the foreign vendor. In summary, if a consignee needs an individual declaration form, or individual Customs invoice, the shipment is classified as category "D" regardless of its value.

Market potential for product and service:

In china there is a huge demand for snakes. They use snakes of different purpose which are given below: They sought Vipers and Cobra for medicine, many ancient medical booked tell of the therapeutic effects of snake or their parts, including their gall bladder and liver .some snake species were considered capable of reliving aches and stimulating blood circulation, these species were often used to treat rheumatism, hemiplegic, neuralgia, and poliomyelitis. In addition to pharmaceutical uses, snakes

Snake skins are used to made leather products and cosmetics. Snakeskin are also said to restore health and boost sexual powers. Were also consumed as food. Tables often stir-fried or served in soups. Snake soup of Cantonese cuisine is consumed by local people in autumn, to warm up their body in China. In southern China, wine flavoured with snake blood or gall bladder is especially popular. . In such cases, the body of a snake or several snakes is left to steep in a jar or container of liquor. Snake wine () is an alcoholic beverage produced by infusing whole snakes in rice wine or grain alcohol. The drink was first recorded to have been consumed in China during the Western Zhou dynasty and considered an important curative and believed to reinvigorate a person according to Traditional Chinese medicine

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Figure 3:Snake made food in china

figure 4: Snake wine which is very famous in china

The export volume of snakes decreased and the import volume increased in China. Based on the trade records, approximately 3.03.5 million kg of snakes were exported from China each year in the early 1990s.From 1990 to 2001, the export of live snakes decreased and import increase .In 1998 7 to 9 million kg snakes are imported to china as its demand increasing. A survey report show that More than 10,000 tonnes (9.08 million kg) of snakes are served each year at Chinese restaurants and dinner.70 types of species were imported to China. . They imported about 8,501,637 skins and made 700 types of product with snake skin.(Zhou & Jiang , 2003, p.1386-1595)

Figure 5:market potential for snake in China

Competitor
Our major competitors are usa,indoneshia ,Romer and Malayshia .

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Indoneasia is the number one exporter of snake.they export snake leather made bag,belt shoes which hav a huge demand in china.they are also exported live snake for food preparation and also for pet they generally exported 15 different types of species. USA is another exporter of snakes.north american snake is very famous around the world.they are basically exporting snake skin. Now a days a small number of snake species are also have been exported from Malayasia . For food snake Copperhead Racer (Elaphe radiata) is most popular but uncommon Romer exported 83.00 snakes to china for fulfilling their huge demand .other than Romer no other country exported food snake to china.( Goodyer & Zou, n.d.)

Swot analysis:
To understand the present business condition we have to understand our strength and weakness and also our opportunity and threat. So we do SWOT analysis which are given below. Strength
1. Availability of snakes: expert says that Bangladesh has huge potential for exporting

and cultivating snakes. It is a strong point for us that snakes are available in our country.
2. Location: The kind of land snakes need for survive is basically hilly or river site and

our country is a land of river and also we have hilly area which has been a strong point for us for cultivating snakes.
3. Cheap labour: Another strong point is that in our country the labour cost is cheap

comparatively our competitors. So we can cut cost maintenance cost which will help us to charge low prices. Weakness: 1. Communication with buyers: Our one major weakness could be inability in finding representative who will represent our product in China. As we are new we will face difficulty in communicate with them. 2. Cultural trait: Another problem we may face is that Chinese has totally a different culture. To enter into the market we need to understand the potential customer and their taste and due to having complicated culture we may face difficulty. 3. Unskilled labour: Though our country has cheap labour but our labours are unskilled. Our country does not have enough experts who know how to cultivate snake.

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Opportunity: 1. High demand of snakes in china: According to a survey each day Chinese people consume about 10,000 ton of snake and it is our main opportunity. 2. Mass market (population of china; since snake has been used as their food).
3. Increase sales volume by providing quality and quantity. Threats: 1. Competition: our threats are our competitor. We have strong competitor like USA Indonesia. They have captured the majority of the snake market.

2. Maintenance: In our country we will find some difficulty in maintaining snake farm and tannary. 3. Smuggling: It is now suspected that at least a million of skins are exported every year. These skins alone can earn anywhere from $5 to $8 billion dollars annually. It is a threat for us cause if illegal skin will be marketed in cheap rate than our legally exported skin (REPTILE Case.2012)

Entrance methodology
We will follow the direct exporting process. At first, we will try to find a representative or agent. We will follow export our product via an agent. Who will buy snake skin and meat form us. Secondly, we will set the physical distribution and documentation. You have to follow proper documentation system of trading in china. As we cultivate our snakes in Chittagong hilly ara so Chittagong port is near form it and it will proved cost effective for us. From the farmer we collect our product after that it will be processed in tannery and meat will be packaged and processed than our exporting team will look after these export import sector and distribution of products. Finally, we will set our price and promote to get more customers. We will give advertisement of our agency in different websites. We also are going to give special offer and gifts to the foreign buyer to make relationship with them. Our buying process will be like this:

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Farm/Tannery

Export import agency

Importer

Barrier to enter into the market

Entry into a market is always in some way possible yet also constrained in some ways. Before entering into a new market the first thing exporter need to do is to analysis the political, economic, socio-cultural, technological and legal factor of the exported country. So we do PESTAL analysis to understand the conditions which are given below: PESTEL ANALYSIS: Political factors:

Authoritarian, one party rule. Reducing direct role of Govt. and central planning.

Economic factors: Experiencing rapid growth economy. Freeing up markets.

Social-Cultural factors

Acceptance of credit increasing

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Reliance on state-owned banks Rising Middle-class population Bridging skill-gaps through foreign alliances.

Technological factors: Heavy use of technology transfer. Majority of R&D in productive sector.

Legal factors: The legal landscape examines the structure of the

Legislation affecting businesses. tax regulations labour laws, trade regulations and corporate governance judicial system

Environmental Factors: The environmental landscape in China discusses the following factors

Environmental regulations and policies of the country. The performance of the country in terms of in terms of environmental Indicators and impact of environmental policies is also examined.

After examine the countrys situation we come out with some barrier which will create problem while we enter into the market for trading. The potential barriers we may face to enter into the market are given below:

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Barriers to entry: Technological factor: Technical barriers or non-tariff barriers to trade, as they are sometimes known, can cause many problems for us as we are looking for new markets for our products. These barriers can be in the form of regulations, standards, testing and certification procedures. Competition: We already have strong competitor in this market like Indonesia, India, Thailand who are exporting around 5 tons of snakes and also snake made product. Indonesia is the number one exporter of snake skin. As we are exporting for first time it will be tough for us to compete with those strongest one those already have enough expertise, R&D for improvement in this sector. So it become very difficult to cope with large scale entrepreneurs in terms of cost, quality, standards, popularity, meeting ever-changing demands/ preferences of consumers, etc.

Economic factor: Fluctuation of exchange rate can create problem for us to entering in the market. Ups and downs of inflation rate make exporter less compitative.And different source of data shows that Chinas inflation rate is keep changing .So enter into their market can prove risky for longterm. Socio-cultural factor: For exporting snake we have to find a business representative and also need to understand the potential customers demand but Chinese language is a barrier for us to understand our potential market.

Legal factors: The world become aware of extinction of wild life trade .Already 115 country signed CITES treaty to protect wild life. If we want to export live reptiles we have to take permission from CITES. So this is also a matter of concern for us. (REPTILE Case.2012)

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Probable way to defend the barrier

Every problem has its solution. The probable barrier we may face has some solution as well. Solutions of above discussed problems are given below:
1. The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade tries

to ensure that these barriers do not create unnecessary obstacles. So this technical problem can be solved.
2. To compete with our competitor first thing we need to do is to set the price less than

them and maintaining quality. As snake production and maintenance in our country is not so very high so we can charge less price than our competitor. By creating a cost leadership competitive advantage we will able to create position in market.

3. From our PESTEL analysis we find that China has a rapid economic growth. So at

present situation we will not find any problem to trading with them.

4. Nowadays there are many institute offer Chinese language course. And we will make

Chinese language course mandatory for our export import manager.

5. As we are cultivating snake then there will have no chance of extinction to snake

species. Beside a huge number of snakes will breeding every year. So, CITES will not restrict us from exporting.

Document Requirements

Import Documentation

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The following are some basic clearance documents. Please note that different declared values, commodities, and types of trade may require additional documents not noted below. Commercial Invoice: A Commercial Invoice is required for all non-document shipments. A specific format is not required, although the following basic information must be included: The shipper's and consignee's name and address and telephone number The place and date of shipment A detailed description of the goods Harmonized code of shipment The FOB value of each item The country of origin The quantity and weight Currency used Freight and Insurance Charges as applicable Import Taxes On top of normal tariff duties, both foreign and domestic enterprises pay either value-added taxes (VAT) or business taxes, depending on the nature of their business and the type of products involved. VAT applies to enterprises engaged in import-export, production, distribution or retailing activities. China offers a comprehensive program of tax incentives and concessions. The general VAT rate is 17% but necessities, such as agricultural and utility items, are taxed at 13%. Enterprises regarded as small businesses (annual production sales of less than CNY 1 million or annual wholesale or retail sales of less than CNY 1.8 million) are subject to VAT at the rate of 6%. Unlike other VAT payers, small businesses are not entitled to claim input tax credits for VAT paid on their purchases. Different standards apply regarding VAT rebates. The applicable rebate method is a function of the establishment date of the enterprise. Certain limited categories of goods are exempt from VAT. China Import Prohibitions:

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Animals or/and plants or their product carrying dangerous viruses, bacteria and injurious insects. Customs Fees Overdue Payment Fine According to the Customs Law of the P.R.C., an overdue payment fine will be imposed on the importer if the importer fails to pay the import duties and taxes within 15 days after receiving the Duty and Tax Payment Notice. An overdue payment fine will also be levied on importers of duty free or bonded shipments if the importer fails to pay the service charge within 7 days after receiving the Service Charge Payment Notice. The overdue payment fine is calculated as follows: Total Overdue Payment Fine = Duty and Tax Amount X 5% X Overdue Days Total Overdue Payment Fine (service charge) = Service charge amount X 1% X Overdue Days

Note: 1. Personal effects are not subject to overdue payment fine. 2. The overdue payment fine is exempted if it is less than 50CNY. 3. The overdue payment fine of the service charge is exempted if it is less than 10 CNY.

Recommendation:
1. Some snake are poisonous, therefore hand gloves should be wearing while handling with snakes.

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2. Financial recourse is needed to acquire sales. 3. After certain years, new subsidiaries should be set up in order to receive higher return. 4. Customization is required in order to grab more customers. 5. Besides exporting to china there are many countries where snake is needed either as food or other purpose. 6. Look for more suppliers in order to get competitive advantage. 7. Need to encourage entrepreneur to establish snake skin made product in Bangladesh 8. Need to establish training centre for snake skin and meat processing. 9. Some snake are poisonous, therefore hand gloves should be wearing while handling with snakes. 10. Financial recourse is needed to acquire sales. 11. After certain years, new subsidiaries should be set up in order to receive higher return. 12. Besides exporting to china there are many countries where snake is needed either as food or other purpose we can export to that countries as well. 13. Use experts to cultivate more snakes.

Conclusion:
Our project is done on the basis of export policies of Bangladesh focusing on the emerging economies like as china. The reason why we chose china to export snake is it has huge demand of snake and its buying capability. Each of our group members contributes equally to complete the project. Our project will help to understand the present scenario of snake export and its benefit in our national economy as well. Exporting snake will definitely bring a lot more foreign currencies. Besides this project shows that snake exporting can be a profitable business. Our aim is to commercially produce and display.

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Bangladeshs rare species of snake venom in a sustainable manner and at the same time will protect and promote Bangladeshs snake population. However we have some limitations for example lack of expertise and financing etc. Cost of farming (1.5 m python take 4 rats a day.)(Material) Materials (Direct) Food (mice) Humidity box (plastic box/ Plastic container with a whole) Paper towels (working as moisturiser ) Other dump mud and other costing Total costing 8,000 TK in a year 3,0000 Tk 5,000 TK 10,000 TK 53,000 tk (in a year)

Cost of tannery (Material) Material (indirect) Borax solution( 1 kg = 400 tk) Salt( 1 kg=27 tk) Knife(per = 50 tk) Laundry brush( per= 25 tk ) Denatured alcohol( 1 gallon=960 tk) Total= 43,870 tk (in a year) Maintenance and utility (Overhead cost) Maintenance and utility Factory for tannery, farming and packaging Utility bills (electricity, water supply, gas) Employee salary (80 members) Packaging cost (meat and tannery) 30 yrd 500,000 20,000 tk 100,000 60000 680,000 cost 10kg*400= 10 kg* 27= 1000*50= 1000*25= 10 gallon*960= Cost 4,000 tk 270tk 5,000 tk 25,000tk 9,600tk

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Total=

Shipping cost Tax

Per pound = ( $ 38.87 )3,1096 tk

Earning Product price $150 =12000 tk 200 piece =24,00,000 tk $34.89=2791 tk 100 piece =2,79,100 tk Genuine 15 cm of rat snakes price total

Genuine 1.5 meter of python snake skin price

Snake meat price Price: $39.95= 3196 tk 1540 pounds= 3515600 tk Shipping Weight: 1.00 pounds

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Bibliography
1. Zhou, Z. & Jiang, Z. (2004, October). International Trade Status and Crisis for Snake Species in China [supplement material]. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Retrieved from https:// www.klaecb.ioz.ac.cn/chinesepage/gazelle/.../Snake%20trade.pdf

2. Goodyer, N. & Zou, F. Wildlife Trade in Southern china [supplement material] Michael Wai-Neng Lau, Gary Ades. Retrieved from http://www.zd.brim.ac.cn/bwgcciced/english/bwg-cciced/tech-27.htm. 3.(2005, September 25). Live reptile trade [supplement material]. The Humane Society of the United States. Retrieved from http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search? q=cache:JgQ1o_ar0iUJ:www.humanesociety.org/issues/exotic_pets/facts/reptile_trade.html+sn ake+trading+problem&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk 4.(2012, March 18). Reptile case supplement material]. Reptile Trade from Mexico .Retrieved from http://www1.american.edu/TED/reptile.htm
5.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_both_a_fixed_exch ange_rate_regime_and_a_flexible_exchange_rate_regime#ixzz1quQ4Jl2Q