Dados tcnicos complementares (cont.) Additional technical information (cont.

)
A norma NBR IEC 60439-1 (1999-09)
Uma garantia de qualidade
Os painis eltricos exercem uma funo vital nas operaes de um empreendimento. Eles devem ser adequados s necessidades do usurio e beneci-lo atravs do know-how, de todas as vantagens adquiridas nos anos de experincia do fabricante. As normas nacionais e internacionais denem as terminologias, as caractersticas principais dos painis e tambm os ensaios pertinentes. As normas tm tambm por objetivo facilitar as negociaes entre o usurio e o fabricante, permitindo assim escolher o equipamento mais adequado sua aplicao.

A norma
A norma internacional que serve como referncia a IEC 60439-1 que normalmente utilizada como texto base em cada pas para elaborao da norma local.

Os vrios ensaios especicados pela norma NBR IEC 60439-1

Os ensaios destinados a vericar as caractersticas de um painel consistem de: b ensaios de tipo, executados em colunas tpicas; b ensaios de rotina, executados em todas as novas colunas montadas.

IEC 60439-1 international standard (1999-09)

A guarantee of quality
Electrical switchboards full a vital function in a companys operations. They must be perfectly suited to the users needs and take full advantage of the manufacturers know-how, based on years of experience. National and international standards lay down the denitions and essential characteristics of switchboards, as well as the related tests. The aim of the standards is also to facilitate communication between users and manufacturers, enabling users to choose the equipment best suited to their applications.

The standard
The international standard that serves as a reference in this eld is IEC standard 60439-1. It is reproduced, in each country, by a locally applicable standard.

The various tests specied by IEC standard 60439-1

The tests designed to check the characteristics of an assembly consist of: b type tests, carried out on typical enclosures b routine tests, carried out on all new enclosures, after erection.

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Os 7 ensaios de tipo
Vericao do limite de aquecimento As condies especicadas para realizar os ensaios so tais que se aproximam ao mximo das condies normais de operao. Para que o ensaio seja o mais representativo possvel, o jogo de barras principal, o jogo de barras secundrio e circuitos so percorridos por esta corrente de ensaio. O ensaio considerado como satisfatrio quando os aquecimentos levantados ou determinados no ultrapassem os valores especicados na norma, e que os componentes conservem as suas caractersticas normais de operao. Vericao das propriedades dieltricas O valor da tenso de ensaio uma funo da tenso de isolamento. Este valor denido pela norma. O ensaio considerado como satisfatrio se no houver nenhuma descarga disruptiva durante os ensaios. Vericao da corrente suportvel de curta durao As condies de ensaio dependem: b do valor ecaz da corrente de curto-circuito; b do tempo prescrito (1s, salvo indicao contrria); b do valor de crista da corrente de curto-circuito. Relao entre o valor de crista da corrente de curto-circuito e o valor ecaz: I crista = Icc ef. x n (coeciente de assimetria) O ensaio considerado como satisfatrio se as propriedades mecnicas e dieltricas do equipamento satisfazem s exigncias da norma.
I eficaz I y 5 kA 5 kA < I y 10 kA 10 kA < I y 20 kA 20 kA < I y 50 kA I > 50 kA Cos 0,7 0,5 0,3 0,25 0,2 n 1,5 1,7 2 2,1 2,2

7 type tests
Verication of temperature-rise limits The conditions specied for carrying out tests are as close as possible to normal operating conditions. For the test to be as representative as possible, the main busbars, distribution busbars and circuits are supplied with their test current. The test is considered to be satisfactory if the observed (or determined) temperature rise does not exceed the values specied in the standard and the switchgear or components retain their normal operating characteristics. Verication of the dielectric properties The value of the test voltage is a function of the rated insulation voltage. It is dened by the standard. The test is considered to be satisfactory if there is no unintentional disruptive discharge during the tests. Verication of short-circuit withstand strength The test conditions depend on: b the rms short-circuit current value b the prescribed time (1 second, unless otherwise specied) b the peak short-circuit current value. Relation between the peak short-circuit current value and the rms value: I peak = I rms x n (asymmetry coefcient). The test is considered to be satisfactory if the mechanical and dielectric properties of the equipment still meet the requirements of the standard.
I r ms I y 5 kA 5 kA < I y 10 kA 10 kA < I y 20 kA 20 kA < I y 50 kA I > 50 kA Cos 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.25 0.2 n 1.5 1.7 2 2.1 2.2

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Dados tcnicos complementares (cont.) Additional technical information (cont.)

Vericao da eccia do circuito de proteo O ensaio confere a efetiva conexo entre as partes condutivas expostas e o circuito de proteo. Confere tambm a capacidade suportvel de curto-circuito do circuito de proteo. O ensaio considerado como satisfatrio se as propriedades mecnicas e dieltricas do equipamento satisfazem s exigncias da norma. Vericao das distncias de isolamento e de escoamento O ensaio considerado como satisfatrio se as distncias satisfazem s exigncias da norma, particularmente no caso de possvel deformao dos invlucros ou barreiras, como tambm todas as posies das partes extraveis (extrado, teste). Vericao de operao mecnica O ensaio consiste em efetuar 50 ciclos de operao nos mecanismos especcos no painel (extrao, travamento de gavetas, etc...). O ensaio considerado como satisfatrio se o funcionamento destes mecanismos no foi comprometido e se o esforo requerido para a operao for praticamente o mesmo antes e depois do ensaio. Vericao do grau de proteo O grau de proteo procurado deve ser vericado segundo as normas NBR 6808 e IEC 60529, efetuando, se necessrio, adaptaes apropriadas para o tipo particular do painel.

Verication of the effectiveness of the protective circuit The test checks the effective connection between the exposed conductive parts and the protective circuit. It also checks the short-circuit withstand capacity of the protective circuit. The test is considered to be satisfactory if the mechanical and electrical properties of the equipment still meet the requirements of the standard. Verication of clearances and creepage distances The test is considered to be satisfactory if the distances still meet the requirements of the standard, particularly in the event of possible deformation of the enclosures or barriers as well as all the positions of withdrawable parts (disconnection, test). Verication of mechanical operation The test involves performing 50 operating cycles on specic mechanisms on the switchboard (disconnection, locking of drawers, etc.). The test is considered to be satisfactory if the operation of these mechanisms is not impaired and the same force is required as before the test. Verication of the degree of protection The obtained degree of protection must comply with IEC standard 60529, after appropriate adaptations to the particular type of assembly if required.

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Os 4 ensaios de rotina
b vericao da ao, ensaios de operao eltrica; b ensaio dieltrico; b vericao das medidas de proteo e continuidade eltrica dos circuitos de proteo; b vericao da resistncia de isolamento

Os ensaios especcos
b fenmenos ssmicos: UBC/CBC b resistncia ao arco interno: AS 3439/1

Os relatrios de ensaios
O relatrio de ensaio contm: b a identicao do laboratrio, do fabricante e do conjunto ensaiado; b as caractersticas principais do painel; b as referncias das normas aplicadas nos ensaios; b os resultados obtidos e as constataes feitas durante e depois dos ensaios; b os documentos (registros, desenhos, fotograas, etc...).

The 4 routine tests

b inspection of wiring and electrical operation test b dielectric test b checking of protective measures and electrical continuity of the protective circuits b verication of the insulation resistance.

Specic tests
b earthquake phenomena: UBC/CBC b internal arc withstand: AS 3439/1.

The test reports

The test centre report contains: b identication of the centre, manufacturer and tested assembly b main characteristics of the assembly b references of the standards applied for the tests b results obtained and the observations made during and after the tests b documents (records, drawings, photographs, etc.).

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Dados tcnicos complementares (cont.) Additional technical information (cont.)

Solues Blokset Blokset solutions
Tipo/Type D

Formas
Mf b b b b Mw b b Ms b b b b C b

Dc b b

1 2b 3b 4b

b b b b

Para a proteo das pessoas e das instalaes, as normas NBR IEC 60439-1 e IEC 60439-1 denem tipos de compartimentao dos invlucros, denominados formas. Esta compartimentao obtida por barreiras ou divises. Forma 1: Nenhuma separao. Forma 2b: Separao entre o jogo de barras e unidades funcionais. Os terminais para condutores externos so separados dos jogos de barras. Forma 3b: Separao entre o jogo de barras e unidades funcionais e separao entre todas as unidades funcionais, mas no entre seus terminais de sada. Forma 4: Separao entre o jogo de barras e unidades funcionais e separao entre todas as unidades funcionais, incluindo seus terminais para condutores externos que so parte integrante da unidade funcional. Terminais para condutores externos que no esto no mesmo compartimento que a unidade funcional a qual ela est associada, mas dentro de espaos protegidos ou em compartimentos individuais, separados e fechados.

Forma 1 / Form 1

Forms
For the protection of life and property, standards NBR IEC 60439-1 and IEC 60439-1 denes different means, referred to as forms, of dividing switchboard sections into separate compartments. This separation is achieved by barriers or partitions. Form 1: No separation. Form 2b: Separation of busbars from the functional units. Terminals for external conductors separated from busbars. Form 3b: Separation of busbars from the functional units and separation of all functional units from one another. Separation of the terminals for external conductors from the functional units, but not from each other. Terminals for external conductors separated from busbars. Form 4b: Separation of busbars from the functional units and separation of all functional units from one another, including the terminals for external conductors which are an integral part of the functional unit. Terminals for external conductors not in the same compartment as the associated functional unit, but in individual, separate, enclosed protected spaces or compartments.

Forma 2b / Form 2b

Forma 3b / Form 3b

Forma 4b / Form 4b

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Solues Blokset Blokset solutions

Tipo/Type D

Grau de proteo
Mf b b b b Mw b b b b Ms b b b C b b

Dc b b

IP20 IP31 IP42 IP54

b b b b

Inuncias externas As diversas normas nacionais e internacionais tm classicados um grande nmero de inuncias externas para as quais uma instalao eltrica pode ser submetida, por exemplo a penetrao de corpos slidos estranhos e gua. Grau de proteo As normas NBR 6146 e IEC 60529 denem um cdigo de ndice de proteo (IP) utilizado pra quanticar o grau de proteo garantido pelo invlucro contra: b penetrao de corpos slidos estranhos (primeiro dgito); b ingresso de gua (segundo dgito).

Degrees of protection
External inuences Several national and international standards have classied a number of external inuences to which an electrical installation can be exposed, for example the ingress of solid foreign bodies and water. Degree of protection Standard IEC 60529 denes IP numbers used to quantify the degree of protection provided by enclosures against: b ingress of solid foreign bodies (rst number) b ingress of water (second number). Proteo contra corpos slidos Protection against solid bodies Sem proteo 0
No protection

Proteo contra lquidos Protection against liquids Sem proteo 0

No protection

Protegido contra corpos slidos superiores a 50 mm Protection against solid bodies greater than 50 mm

Protegido contra quedas verticais de gotas dgua (condensao) Protection against vertical drops of water (condensation)

Protegido contra corpos slidos superiores a 12,5 mm Protection against solid bodies greater than 12.5 mm Protegido contra corpos slidos superiores a 2,5 mm Protection against solid bodies greater than 2.5 mm

Protegido contra gotas dgua de at 15 da vertical Protection against drops of water falling up to 15 from vertical Protegido contra gotas de chuva de at 60 da vertical Protection against rainwater falling up to 60 from vertical

Protegido contra corpos slidos superiores a 1 mm Protection against solid bodies greater than 1 mm

Protegido contra projeo de gua de todas as direes Protection against water projected from all directions

Protegido contra p (sem deposio nociva) Protection against dust (no harmful deposit)

Protegido contra jatos de gua de todas as direes Protection against hosing with water projected from all directions

Totalmente protegido contra p Total protection against dust

Protegido contra a projeo de vagalhes de gua Protection against swamping with water

Protegido contra imerso Protection against immersion

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