AS 4205.

2—1994

Australian Standard
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Analysis of urine for trace elements

Part 2: Determination of copper,

cadmium and lead—Flame atomic
absorption spectrometric method
 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee CH/6, Analysis of Body Fluids for
Metals Content. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on
9 May 1994 and published on 22 August 1994.

The following interests are represented on Committee CH/6:

Australasian Institute of Mining/Metallurgy
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Australian Institute of Medical Scientists

Australian Mining Industry Council
Confederation of Australian Industry
Department of Health, N.S.W.
Hunter Area Pathology Services
Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, S.A.
National Health and Medical Research Council
Prince Henry and Prince of Wales Hospitals
Royal College of Pathologists of Australia
Royal Hobart Hospital
Royal North Shore Hospital
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
Womens and Childrens Hospital, Adelaide
WorkCover Authority of N.S.W.

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 AS 4205.2—1994

Australian Standard
This is a free 5 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

Analysis of urine for trace elements

Part 2: Determination of copper,

cadmium and lead—Flame atomic
absorption spectrometric method

First published as AS 4205.2— 1994.

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 8982 5
 AS 4205.2 — 1994 2

PREFACE

This Standard, prepared by Standards Australia Committee CH/6 on the Analysis of Body
Fluids for Metals Content, is a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the
analysis of extracted copper, cadmium and lead. This Standard should be read in
conjunction with AS 2134.1, Recommended practice for chemical analysis by atomic
absorption spectrometry, Part 1: Flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
The term ‘informative’ is used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix
to which it applies. An informative appendix is for information and guidance only.

CONTENTS
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Page
1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . .. .. .. .. . .. ... ....... 3
2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . .. . .. ..... ..... ..... ... .. .. 3
3 PRINCIPLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... ....... 3
4 REAGENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... ....... 3
5 APPARATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. ... .. .. . . .. .. . ...... 5
6 SAMPLE COLLECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .......... ... .. .. .. .. . 5
7 PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . ... ... .. . . ... . .. ..... 5
8 PRECISION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... ....... 6
9 TEST REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. ..... .. .. . . .. .. . .... .. 7

APPENDIX A RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS FOR PERSONS PERFORMING

LABORATORY TESTS ON CLINICAL SPECIMENS OR OTHER
POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

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 3 AS 4205.2 — 1994

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
Analysis of urine for trace elements

Part 2: Determination of copper, cadmium and lead—Flame atomic

absorption spectrometric method

1 SCOPE This Standard sets out a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for
the determination of copper, cadmium or lead in urine. The method is applicable to
random spot or timed urine collections with the following range of analyte concentrations:
copper 0.30 µmol/L to 4.00 µmol/L
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cadmium 0.02 µmol/L to 0.20 µmol/L

lead 0.10 µmol/L to 2.00 µmol/L
NOTE: This assay is an intricate procedure and therefore should be carried out by an analyst
who has experience with the performance characteristics of both the chemistry of the method
and the analytical instrument used.

2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The documents below are referred to in this

Standard:
AS
2134 Recommended practice for chemical analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry
2134.1 Part 1: Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
2162 Code of practice for the use of volumetric glassware
2164 One-mark volumetric flasks
2166 One-mark pipettes
2243 Safety in laboratories
2243.1 Part 1: General
2243.2 Part 2: Chemical aspects
2850 Chemical analysis—Interlaboratory test programs—For determining precision of
analytical method(s)—Guide to the planning and conduct
ISO
3696 Water for analytical use — Specification and test methods

3 PRINCIPLE Cadmium, copper and lead are extracted as their iodide complexes with
tri-n-octylamine in 1-butyl acetate and measured by direct aspiration of the extract into an
air/acetylene flame of an atomic absorption spectrometer.

4 REAGENTS
4.1 General requirements All reagents shall be of analytical reagent grade and
distilled or deionized water Grade 1, as specified in ISO 3696, shall be used throughout.
The analyte content shall be less than 0.01 µmol/L of copper or lead and 0.005 µmol/L of
cadmium.
CAUTION: THE REAGENTS AND SOLUTIONS USED IN THIS METHOD
MAY CONSTITUTE A HEALTH AND SAFETY HAZARD AND THEIR
HANDLING SHOULD BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS 2243, PARTS 1 AND 2.

COPYRIGHT
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AS 4205.2-1994, Analysis of urine for trace

elements Determination of copper, cadmium and
lead - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric
This is a free 5 page sample. Access the full version at http://infostore.saiglobal.com.

method

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