With an area of 147,181 square kilometres and a population of approximately 27 million.

The kingdom of Nepal is the world's 93rd largest country by land mass and the 41st most populous country. It is known to its rich geography. The mountainous north has eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including the highest point on Earth, Mount Everest. Around 80.6% Nepalese are Hindus, the highest percent of Hindu followers than any other nation. Nepal has seen rapid political changes during the last two decades. Up until 1990, Nepal was a monarchy under executive control of the King. Faced with a communist movement against absolute monarchy, King Birendra, in 1990, agreed to a large-scale political reform by creating a parliamentary monarchy with the King as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of the government. Nepal has also been noted for its recent speed of development, such as being one of the few countries in Asia to abolish the death penalty and the first country in Asia to rule in favor of same-sex marriage, which the government has a seven-person committee studying after a November 2008 ruling by the nation's Supreme Court, which ordered full rights for individuals, including the right to marry. In contrary, according to CIA world factbook 2012, Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world, Estimates of its per capita income for 1988 ranged from US$158 to US$180, with almost one-quarter of its population living below the poverty line. Nepal entered the modern era in 1951 without schools, hospitals, roads, telecommunications, electric power, industry, or civil service. Agriculture dominated the economy. In the late 1980s, it was the livelihood for more than 90 percent of the population--although only approximately 20 percent of the total land area was cultivable-and accounted for, on average, about 60 percent of the GDP and approximately 75 percent of exports. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural products, including pulses, jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in hydropower, with an estimated 42,000 MW of feasible capacity, but political instability hampers foreign investment. Additional challenges to Nepal's growth include its landlocked geographic location, civil strife and labor unrest, and its susceptibility to natural disaster. Nepal suffered from an underdeveloped infrastructure. This problem was exacerbated by a weak public investment program and ineffective administrative services. Economic development plans sought to improve the infrastructure but were implemented at the expense of investment in direct production and resulted in a slow growth rate. Further, economic growth did not keep pace with population growth. Largely dependent on agriculture, economic growth also was undermined by poor harvests. The growth of public expenditures during the first half of the 1980s doubled the current account deficit of the balance of payments and caused a serious decline in international reserves. Tourism was a major source of foreign exchange earnings. Especially since Mount Everest was first climbed by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tensing Sherpa in 1953, the Himalayas have attracted foreigners to Nepal. Mountaineering and hiking were of considerable interest as were rafting, canoeing, and hang gliding. Tourism was facilitated with the opening of airways to Kathmandu and other parts of the country and the easing of travel restrictions. The economy showed major changes for the past 15 years according to Nepali Times. With its Per capita Income from 7,690 Rupees to 41, 659 in 2011. Education is strenghten from 34 to 78 percent. And accesibility of basic needs for almost 100 percent. With its infrastractures growing, Nepals economy is now expected to be steady in the future years.