CJC 5-1997

SAA HB1O1-1997

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COORDINATION OF POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS LOW FREQUENCY INDUCTION (LFI)

Code of practice for the mitigation of hazardous voltages induced into telecommunications lines

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Published by STANDARDS AUSTRAlIA
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This Publication was prepared under the authority of Standards Australia

Committee ET/7, Coordinating Committee for Power and Telecommunications (CCPT), the successor to the Joint Committee for the Coordination of Power and Telecommunications Systems (CJC). It was published by Standards Australia on 5 September 1 997.

Review of this Publication Suggestions for improvement to this Publication, addressed

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to the head office of Standards Australia are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in this Publication should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

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COORDINATION OF POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS LOW FREQUENCY INDUCTION (LFI)

Code of practice for the mitigationof hazardous voltages induced into telecommunications lines

First published by ESAA and ATC 1974. Reprinted with editorial changes 1978. Reset and redesignated SAA HB1 01-1997 (CJC 5).

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140

ISBN 0733713475

PREFACE

The publication entitled LOW FREQUENCY INDUCTION, and subtitled Code of Practice for the mitigation of hazardous voltages induced into telecommunication lines, was prepared jointly by the then Australian Telecommunications Commission and the Electricity Supply Association of Australia (ESAA) and adopted on
6 August 1974. It was reprinted in 1978 with editorial changes.

The Low Frequency Induction Code includes general administrative and procedural conditions, the agreed engineering principles, and principles for the apportionment of responsibilities and costs.

In 1997, Standards Australia agreed to reset, republish and distribute the Low
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Frequency Induction Code, making the following changes in the text:

The term 'Electricity Utility' has been used in place of 'Power Authority', in
recognition of recent organizational changes in the Electricity Supply Industry.

Telstra, the trading name of Telstra Corporation, has been used in place of
Telecom Australia.
This publication introduces no substantive change from the earlier edition. Accordingly that edition may continue to be used in parallel with this edition.

This publication makes reference to a supplementary Application Guide to the publication LOW FREQUENCY INDUCTION. The Application Guide, printed in November 1981 and reprinted in November 1984, is being reset by Standards
Australia as publication CJC 6 (SAA HB1O2) (in course of publication); meanwhile, reference sbpuld be made to the original publication. 'eeThis publication was prepared under the authority of Standards Australia

Committee ETI7, Coordinating Committee for Power and Telecommunications (CCPT), the successor to the Joint Committee for the Coordination of Power and Telecommunications Systems (CJC), and is one of a Series dealing with technical
aspects of coordination which when complete will comprise:
CJC 1

Joint Use of Poles: The placement on poles of power lines and paired cable telecommunications lines (SAA HB87-1 997)

CJC 2

Unbalanced high voltage power lines: Code of practice for the mitigation of noise induced into paired cable telecommunications
lines from unbalanced high voltage power lines (SAA HB88-1 997)

CJC3

Unbalanced high voltage power lines: Application Guide to the Code CJC 2 for the mitigation of noise induced into telecommunications lines (to be SAA HB89)

CJC4

Coordination of power and telecommunications: Manual for the establishment of safe work practices and the minimisation of operational interference between power systems and paired cable
telecommunications systems (to be SAA HB100)

CJC5

Coorcflnation of power and telecommunicationsLow Frequency Induction (LFI): Code of practice for the mitigation of hazardous voltages induced into telecommunications lines (SAA HB1O1-1 997) (this publication)
Coordination of power and telecommunications Low Frequency Induction (LFI): Application Guide to the LFI Code
(to be SAA HB1O2)

CJC6

CJC 7

Coordination of power and telecommunicationsCrossings Code: The arrangement of overhead power and telecommunications lines, pole stay wires, and suspension wires

(SAA HB1O3-1997)
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Copyright - STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prinr permission in writing from Standards Australia. Permission may he conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia. Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its cnpyright material in computer software prngrams for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.

Standards Australia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use

The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in
commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time.

iv

CONTENTS
Page

SECTION 1
1.1

GENERAL
1 1

Introduction Scope and Application 1.3 Review 1.4 Explanation of Terms

1 .2

SECTION 2
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ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES
4 4 6 6 7

2.1

2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Hazards of LFI Power Line Categories Limits for LFI Votlages Assessment of LFI Voltages Limitation of Hazards

SECTION 3 PROCEDURES
Forward Planning 3.2 Power Line Proposals 3.3 Telecommunication Line Proposals
3.1
9 9

3.4 Agreement on Solution

3.5

10 10
11

Records of Power Faults

SECTION 4 COSTS
Basic Principles 4.2 Examples 4.3 Costs of Investigations 4.4 Cost Estimates
4.1

12 13 13 13

APPENDIX REPORT TO TELSTRA OF EARTH POWER FAULT ON HIGH RELIABILITY LINE RATED 66 kV OR HIGHER VOLTAGE

14

SECTION 1
1.1

GENERAL

INTRODUCTION

1.1.1

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Where HV power and telecommunication routes follow essentially parallel paths in close proximity the electromagnetic coupling between them results generation of longitudinally induced sioltages in the in the telecommunication lines due to currents of various frequencies flowing in the power line and using earth as a return path. Currents of frequency higher than the base generation frequency of 50 Hz can give rise to noise but are not likely to cause danger. 50 Hz indudtion, however commonly

referred to as "Low Frequency Induction" can be hazardous to Telstra personnel and equipment in circumstances where the electromagnetic coupling is large and the inducing current in the power line is high. Under
normal operating conditions, such hazards are not likely to arise, but during

earth faults in the power lines when the fault currents may reach high magnitudes the hazards due to electromagnetic induction can be severe
and it is this type of situation which forms the subject of this Code.
1.1.2

The effects of electrostatic induction from the point of view of hazard to personnel and equipment are not of practical significance and are not considered in the Code, the aim of which is to lay down principles and procedures and their application to facilitate the co-ordination of HV power line construction with telecommunication lines which may be subject to
dangerous low frequency electromagnetic induction, so that the dangers to

staff and equipment are suitably limited. The objective is to obtain in alI cases the best overall engineering solution consistent with minimum
national cost.

1.2
1.2.1

SCOPE AND APPLICATION

The Code shall apply in all cases where telecommunications lines of Telstra are, or may be, subject to hazardous induced voltages from HV power lines of an Electricity Utility.
It

1.2.2

will have its most common application where an Electricity Utility or

Telstra proposes to erect new construction which could create a hazardous 'exposure" but it will also have application where changes to existing

construction or operating conditions may increase the electromagnetic coupling or the inducing power line fault current. Cases can also arise where the hazards of existing exposures have not been foreseen or have been overlooked and where corrective action could be necessary in
accordance with the requirements of the Code.
1.2.3

The Code is not a legal document and its contents shall in no way vary the rights or obligations of the Electricity Utilities and of Teistra as defined in relevant Acts or Statutory Regulations.

COPYRIGHT

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HB 101-1997 (CJC 5), Coordination of power and telecommunications - Low Frequency Induction (LFI): Code of practice for the mitigation of hazardous voltages induced into telecommunications lines

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