Prof.

Constantino Tsallis Lecture: Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics

Date 14 March 2012 (Wednesday) 13:30Place Sony Computer Science Labolatories / 3F large meeting room Access Access - Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Inc. ===================================== 13:30-15:00 Prof. Constantino Tsallis Department of Theoretical Physics, Head Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Head Wikipedia:
Constantino Tsallis (Greek: ; b. 1943) is a naturalized Brazilian physicist working in Rio de Janeiro at CBPF, Brazil. He was born in Greece, and grew up in Argentina, where he studied physics at Instituto Balseiro, in Bariloche. In 1974 he received a Doctorat d'Etat et Sciences Physiques degree from the University of Paris-Orsay. He moved to Brazil in 1975 with his family (his wife and daughter). Tsallis is credited with introducing the notion of what is known as Tsallis entropy and Tsallis statistics in his 1988 seminal paper "Possible generalization of BoltzmannGibbs statistics" published in the Journal of Statistical Physics, vol. 52, pp. 479487. The generalization is considered to be one of the most viable and applicable candidates for formulating a theory of nonextensive thermodynamics. The resulting theory is not intended to replace BoltzmannGibbs statistics, but rather supplement it, such as in the case of anomalous systems characterised by non-ergodicity or metastable states. One of the most impressive experimental verif ications of the predictions of q-statistics concerns cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices. Eric Lutz made an analytical prediction in 2003 which was verif ied in 2006 by a London team. Tsallis conjectured in 1999 (Brazilian Journal of Physics 29, 1; Figure 4): That a longstanding quasi-stationary state (QSS) was expected in LONG-range interacting Hamiltonian systems (one of the core problems of statistical mechanics). This was quickly verif ied by many groups around the world. That this QSS should be described by q-statistics instead of BoltzmannGibbs statistics. This was verifed in June 2007 by Pluchino, Rapisarda and Tsallis (in the last figure, instead of the celebrated Maxwellian (Gaussian) distribution of velocities (valid for SHORT-range interactions), one sees a q-Gaussian). These results establish that the q-entropy provides verif iable predictions from first principles as a generalization of BoltzmannGibbs entropy for certain classes of phenomena.

Lecture I: Introduction to nonextensive statistical mechanics (90 minutes) This is a lecture talk on nonextensive statistical physics for non specialists of statistical physics. After briefly reviewing the basic concepts of the celebrated Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics, we shall introduce why and how the standard entropy needs to be generalized into nonadditive forms. We shall also show how the Fourier transform and its inverse, the Central Limit Theorem, the Levy distributions, and the large-deviation theory are consistently generalized.

References (i) C. Tsallis, Introduction to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics - Approaching a Complex World (Springer, 2009); (ii) http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/biblio.htm 15:20-16:20 Prof. Constantino Tsallis CBPF (Brazillian Physics Research Center) Recent topics of nonextensive statistical mechanics (60 minutes) In this talk we shall briefly review frontier topics of nonextensive statistical physics. Predictions, verif ications and applications for natural, artif icial and social systems will be focused on. Topics will include from elementary particles (recent experiments by the Collaborations CMS, ALICE and ATLAS at LHC/CERN and Collaboration PHENIX at RHIC/ Brookhaven), low temperature phenomena, turbulence to econophysics, medical applications, and nonlinear generalizations of Schroedinger, Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations. References: (i) J. S. Andrade Jr., G.F.T. da Silva, A.A. Moreira, F.D. Nobre and E.M.F. Curado, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 260601 (2010);
J. S. Andrade, Jr., G. F. T. da Silva, A. A. Moreira, F. D. Nobre, E. M. F. Curado Thermostatistics of Overdamped Motion of Interacting Particles Physical Review Letters 105, 260601 (2010)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/AndradeSilvaMoreiraNobreCurado20 10.pdf (ii) F.D. Nobre, M.A. Rego-Monteiro and C. Tsallis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 140601(2011);
F. D. Nobre, M. A. Rego-Monteiro, C. Tsallis Nonlinear Relativistic and Quantum Equations with a Common Type of Solution Physical Review Letters 106, 140601 (2011) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/NobreRegoMonteiroTsallis2011.p df

(iii) J. Ludescher, C. Tsallis and A. Bunde, Universal behaviour of interoccurrence times between losses in financial markets: An analytical description,

Europhys. Lett. 95, 68002 (2011). Prof. Tsallis LibraryNonextensive Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/biblio.htm The following papers were referred in the above series of lectures. Part I: Non-extensive versus Extensive: Introduction to nonextensive statistical mechanics ; weak chaos, small lyapunov exponent (?), non-ergodic (?) (1) C. Tsallis, M. Gell-Mann, Y. Sato Proceedings of the National Asymptotically scaleinvariant occupancy of phase space makes the entropy Sq extensive Academy of Sciences (USA) 102, 15377-15382 (2005) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/TsallisGellMannSato05.pdf (2) F. Caruso, C. Tsallis Nonadditive entropy reconciles the area law in quantum systems with classical thermodynamics Physical Review E 78, 021102 (2008) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/CarusoTsallis2008.pdf Part II: Central Limit Theorem (3) S. Umarov, C. Tsallis, M. Gell-Mann, S. Steinberg Generalization of symmetric alpha-stable Lvy distributions for q>1 Journal of Mathematical Physics 51, 033502 (2010)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/UmarovTsallisGellMannSteinb erg2010.pdf (4) G.L. Ferri, M.F. R. Savio, A. Plastino Tsallis' q-triplet and the ozone layer Physica A
389, 1829-1833 (2010)

http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/FerriSavioPlastino2010.pdf (5) S. Umarov, C. Tsallis, S. Steinberg On a q-Central Limit Theorem consistent with
nonextensive statistical mechanics Milan Journal of Mathematics 76, 307328 (2008)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/UmarovTsallisSteinberg2008. pdf
Part III: Large Deviation Theorem (6) R. Hanel, S. Thurner When do generalized entropies apply? How phase space volume determines entropy Europhysics Letters 96, 50003(2011)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/HanelThurner2011.pdf (7) P. Tempesta Group entropies, correlation laws, and zeta functions Physical Review
E 84, 021121 (2011)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/Tempesta2011.pdf

Part IV: Predictions and Verifications (8) J. S. Andrade, Jr., G. F. T. da Silva, A. A. Moreira, F. D. Nobre, E. M. F. Curado Thermostatistics of Overdamped Motion of Interacting Particles Physical Review Letters 105, 260601 (2010)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/AndradeSilvaMoreiraNobr eCurado2010.pdf (9) M. S. Ribeiro, F. D. Nobre, E. M. F. Curado Time evolution of interacting vortices
under overdamped motion Physical Review E 85, 021146 (2012)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/RibeiroNobreCurado2012 .pdf (10) P. Douglas, S. Bergamini, and F. Renzoni Tunable Tsallis distributions in

dissipative optical lattices Physical Review Letters 96, 110601 (2006)

http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/DouglasBergaminiRenzoni06.pdf (11) B. Liu and J. Goree Superdiffusion and non-Gaussian statistics in a drivendissipative 2D dusty plasma Physical Review Letters 100, 055003 (2008)

http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/LiuGoree08.pdf (12) Ralph G. DeVoe Power-Law Distributions for a Trapped Ion Interacting with a
Classical Buffer Gas Physical Review Letters 102, 063001(2009)

http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/DeVoe2009.pdf (13) R.M. Pickup, R. Cywinski, C. Pappas, B. Farago, P. Fouquet Generalized spinglass relaxation Physical Review Letters 102, 097202 (2009)

http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/PickupCywinskiPappasFaragoFouquet2009.pdf (* many people thought that spin glass was governed by boltzman-gibbs) (14) C. Vignat, A. Plastino, A. R. Plastino, J. S. Dehesa Quantum potentials with qGaussian ground states Physica A 391, 1068-1073 (2012)

http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/VignatPlastinoPlastinoDehesa2012.pdf (15) Mohanalin, Beenamol, Prem Kumar Kalra, Nirmal Kumar A novel automatic
microcalcification detection technique using Tsallis entropy & a type II fuzzy index Computers and Mathematics with Applications; 60, 2426-2432 (2010) http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/MohanalinBeenamolKalraKumar2010.pdf (16) Sotolongo-Grau, D. Rodrguez-Prez, J. C. Antoranz, Oscar Sotolongo-Costa Tissue Radiation Response with Maximum Tsallis Entropy Physical Review Letters 105, 158105 (2010) http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/Sotolongo-GrauRodriguez-PerezAntoranzSotolongoCosta2010.pdf (17) V. Khachatryan et al, (CMS Collaboration) Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at s = 0.9 and 2.36TeV Journal of High Energy Physics 02, 041 (2010) http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/CMS_LHC2010.pdf (18) M. Jauregui, C. Tsallis New representations of pi and Dirac delta using the nonextensive-statistical-mechanics q-exponential function Journal of Mathematical Physics 51, 063304 (2010) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/JaureguiTsallis2010.pdf (*new formulae of dirac delta and pi; pi's finite series representation) (19) M. Jauregui, C. Tsallis q-Generalization of the inverse Fourier transform Physics Letters A 375, 20852088 (2011) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/JaureguiTsallis2011.pdf (20) M. Jauregui, C. Tsallis, E. M. F. Curado q-moments remove the degeneracy associated with the inversion of the q-Fourier transform Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 11, 1742-5468 (2011) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/JaureguiTsallisCurado2011.pdf (21) F. D. Nobre, M. A. Rego-Monteiro, C. Tsallis Nonlinear Relativistic and Quantum Equations with a Common Type of Solution Physical Review Letters 106, 140601 (2011) http://www.cbpf.br/GrupPesq/StatisticalPhys/pdftheo/NobreRegoMonteiroTsallis2011.p df (22) A. S. Betzler, E. P. Borges Nonextensive distributions of asteroid rotation periods and diametersAstronomy & Astrophysics 539, A158 (2012) http://tsallis.cat.cbpf.br/pdfexp/BetzlerBorges2012.pdf (* a fantastic result)