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Abstract: In quantum physics, in order to quantize a gauge theory, like for example Yang-Mills theory, Chern-Simons or BF
model, one method is to perform a gauge fixing. This is done in the BRST and Batalin-Vilkovisky formulation. Another is to
factor out the symmetry by dispensing with vector potentials altogether (they're not physically observable anyway) and work
directly with Wilson loops, Wilson lines contracted with other charged fields at its endpoints and spin networks Presently
renormalization prescriptions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix have been investigated by
many authors like Yong Zhou. Based on one prescription which is formulated by comparing with the fictitious case of no
mixing of quark generations, they have proposed the substantive limits, singular pauses, general rests, logical attributes and
real relations therefore a new prescription intermodal manifestation which can make the physical amplitude involving
quark's mixing gauge independent and ultraviolet finite. Compared with the previous prescriptions this prescription is very
simple and suitable for actual calculations. Through analytical calculations we also give a strong Proof for the important
hypothesis that in order to keep the CKM matrix gauge independent the unitarity of the CKM matrix must be preserved.
Mass-shell renormalization of fermion mixing matrices have also been delineated and investigated upon by K.-P.O
Diener, B.A Kniehl wherein they consider favorable extensions of the standard model (SM) where the lepton sector contains
Majorana neutrinos with vanishing left-handed mass terms, thus allowing for the see-saw mechanism to operate, and
propose physical on-mass-shell (OS) renormalization conditions for the lepton mixing matrices that comply with ultraviolet
finiteness, gauge-parameter independence, and (pseudo)unitarity This is an important result that motivated us to draw up
the consolidation of some of the most important variables in Fermion and graviton vertices.. A crucial feature is that the
texture zero in the neutrino mass matrix is preserved by renormalization, which is not automatically the case for possible
generalizations of existing renormalization prescriptions for the CabibboKobayashiMaskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix
in the SM. Our renormalization prescription also applies to the special case of the SM and leads to a physical OS definition
of the renormalized CKM matrix. A consummate and link model is built for the variables like gravity, matter field, virtual
photons and other important variables. Nevertheless the stormy petrel Neutrino seems to rule the roost with its own
disnormative prescriptions for itself. Rich IN ITS twists and turns, the Model seems to offer a parade of variables bent on
aggrandizement agenda.
I.
Introduction:
WardTakahashi identity
In quantum field theory, a Ward-Takahashi identity is an identity between correlation functions that follows from
the global or gauged symmetries of the theory, and which remains valid after renormalization.
The Ward-Takahashi identity of quantum electrodynamics was originally used by John Clive Ward and Yasushi
Takahashi to relate the wave function renormalization of the electron to its vertex renormalization factor F1(0), guaranteeing
the cancellation of the ultraviolet divergence to all orders of perturbation theory. Later uses include the extension of the
proof of Goldstone's theorem to all orders of perturbation theory.
The Ward-Takahashi identity is a quantum version of the classical Noether's theorem, and any symmetry in a
quantum field theory can lead to an equation of motion for correlation functions..
The Ward-Takahashi identity applies to correlation functions in momentum space, which do not necessarily have all their
external momenta on-shell. Let
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be the amplitude for some QED process involving an external photon with momentum , where
vector of the photon. Then the Ward identity reads:
is the polarization
Physically, what this identity means is the longitudinal polarization of the photon which arises in the gauge is unphysical
and disappears from the S-matrix.
II.
Some Reviews:
Flavor Changing Fermion-Graviton Vertices (SEE FOR DETAILS G. Degrassi, E. Gabrielli, L. Trentadueemphasis mine)Authors study the flavor-changing quark-graviton vertex that is induced at the one-loop level when
gravitational interactions are coupled to the standard model. Because of the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor the
corresponding form factors turn out to be finite and gauge-invariant. Analytical expressions of the form factors are provided
at leading order in the external masses. Authors show that flavor-changing interactions in gravity are local if the graviton is
strictly massless while if the graviton has a small mass long-range interactions inducing a flavor-changing contribution in the
Newton potential appear. Flavor-changing processes with massive spin-2 particles are also briefly discussed in the paper. .
These results can be generalized to the case of the lepton-graviton coupling.
Examples of its use include constraining the tensor structure of the vacuum polarization and of the electron vertex
function in QED. Gauge dependence of the on-shell renormalized mixing matrices WAS STUDIED BY Youichi Yamada It
was recently pointed out that the on-shell renormalization of the CabibboKobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix in the method
by Denner and Sack causes a gauge parameter dependence of the amplitudes. Authors analyze the gauge dependence of the
on-shell renormalization of the mixing matrices both for fermions and scalars in general cases, at the one-loop level. It is also
shown that this gauge dependence can be avoided by xing the counterterm for the mixing matrices in terms of the odiagonal wave function corrections for fermions and scalars after a rearrangement, in a similar manner to the pinch technique
for gauge bosons. Particles in the same representation under unbroken symmetries can mix with each other. The neutral
gauge bosons, quarks, and massive neutrinos in the Standard Model (SM) are well-known examples. New particles in
extensions of the Standard Model also show the mixings. For example, in the minimal supersymmetric (SUSY) standard
model (MSSM), a very promising extension, super partners of most SM particles show the mixing .The mixing of particles is
expressed in terms of the mixing matrix, which represents the relations between the gauge eigenstates and the mass
eigenstates of the particles. The mixing matrices always appear at the couplings of these particles in the mass eigenbasis.
Because of the fact that mass eigenstates at the tree-level mix with each other by radiative corrections, (it calls for) the
mixing matrices have to be renormalized to obtain ultraviolet (UV) nite amplitudes. Denner and Sack have proposed a
simple scheme to renormalize the mixing matrix of Dirac fermions at the one-loop level, which is usually called the on-shell
renormalization scheme. They have required the counterterm for the renormalized mixing matrix to completely absorb the
anti-Hermitian part of the wave function correction Zijfor the external on-shell elds*
III.
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1
1
1
1
13
, 14
, 15
,
13
, 14
, 15
,
3
, 20
, 21
, 22
, 20 , 21
, 22
4
4
4
4
24
, 25
, 26
, 24
, 25
, 26
, 28
6
32
, 33
, 34
, 32
, 33
, 34
are Dissipation coefficients
16
5
, 29
16
5
, 29
, 17
, 30
2
, 17
, 30
, 18
, 28
2
, 18
, 29
2
, 17
, 30
16
28
16
, 29
, 17
, 30
, 18
, 18
1
= 13 1 14 13
+ 13
14 , 13 *2
14
15
13
14
15
= 14
13 14
+ 14
14 , 14 *3
= 15
15
15
14 , 15 *4
= 13
14
13
13
, 13 *5
= 14
13 14
14
, 14 *6
= 15
14 15
15
, 15 *7
13
13
14
+
14 , = First augmentation factor *8
1
2
= 16 2 17 16
+ 16
17 , 16 *10
17
18
16
17
18
= 17
16 17
+ 17
17 , 17 *11
= 18
17 18
+ 18
17 , 18 *12
= 16
= 17
= 18
16
16
2
2
17
16
16
17
17 18
16
19 , 16 *13
17
19 , 17 *14
18
19 , 18 *15
3
= 20 3 21 20
+ 20
21 , 20 *19
21
22
20
21
22
= 21
20 21
+ 21
21 , 21 *20
= 22
21
22
22
21 , 22 *21
= 20
21 20
20
23 , 20 *22
= 21
20 21
21
23 , 21 *23
= 22
22
22
23 , 22 *24
21
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3
+ 20
21 , = First augmentation factor*
3
20
23 , = First detritions factor *25
QUANTUM FIELD THEORY(AGAIN,PARAMETRICIZED SYSTEMS TO WHICH QFT COULD BE APPLIED
IS TAKEN IN TO CONSIDERATION AND RENORMALIZATION THEORY(BASED ON CERTAIN
VARAIBLES OF THE SYSTEM WHICH CONSEQUENTIALLY CLSSIFIABLE ON PARAMETERS)
: MODULE NUMBERED FOUR
The differential system of this model is now (Module numbered Four)*26
24
4
= 24 4 25 24
+ 24
25 , 24 *27
25
26
24
25
26
= 25
24 25
+ 25
25 , 25 *28
= 26
25 26
+ 26
25 , 26 *29
= 24
25 24
24
27 , 24 *30
= 25
24
25
25
27 , 25 *31
= 26
25
26
26
27 , 26 *32
24
24
+
25 , = First augmentation factor*33
4
5
= 28 5 29 28
+ 28
29 , 28 *36
29
30
28
29
30
= 29
28 29
+ 29
29 , 29 *37
= 30
30
30
29 , 30 *38
= 28
29
28
28
31 , 28 *39
= 29
28 29
29
31 , 29 *40
= 30
30
30
31 , 30 *41
28
28
5
5
29
29
6
= 32 6 33 32
+ 32
33 , 32 *46
33
34
32
33
34
= 33
32 33
+ 33
33 , 33 *47
= 34
34
34
33 , 34 *48
= 32
33
32
32
35 , 32 *49
= 33
32 33
33
35 , 33 *50
= 34
33 34
34
35 , 34 *51
32
33
CHARGED WEAK CURRENTS AND ONE LOOP FLAVOUR CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS(FCNC) IN
THE FERMION PORTFOLIO:
MODULE NUMBERED SEVEN
The differential system of this model is now (SEVENTH MODULE)*53
36
7
= 36 7 37 36
+ 36
37 , 36 *54
37
38
= 37
36 37
+ 37
37 , 37 *55
= 38
38
38
37 , 38 *56
37
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36
37
7
37 36
36
39 , 36 *57
= 36
= 37
36 37
37
39 , 37 *58
= 38
37 38
38
39 , 38 *60
59
38
36
36
+
37 , = First augmentation factor *61
7
13
+ 13
14 , + 16
13
= 13
14
+ 24
4,4,4,4,
+ 28
25 ,
5,5,5,5,
+ 36
14
14
= 14
13
+ 25
14
4,4,4,4,
14 ,
17
+ 29
25 ,
15
= 15
14
+ 26
15
4,4,4,4,
14 ,
+ 30
25 ,
Where 13
16
+
3
+ 20
14 , , 14
17 , , +
2,2,
17 , , +
3,3,
21 , , + 21
3,3,
21 , , + 22
4,4,4,4,
25 ,
+ 28
and 3
+ 32
and 3
+ 36
5,5,5,5,
29 , , + 29
6,6,6,6,
33 , , + 33
, +
37 , + 37
= 13
14
4,4,4,4,
5,5,5,5,
6,6,6,6,
24
16
4,4,4,4,
14
= 14
13
14
25
4,4,4,4,
15
= 15
14
26
15
4,4,4,4,
28
Where
14
, ,
, ,
6,6,6,6,
14
33 ,
15
37 ,
29 ,
6,6,6,6,
33 ,
20
3,3,
5,5,5,5,
31 ,
32
6,6,6,6,
21
3,3,
29
30
15
19 ,
31 ,
35 ,
13
33
23 ,
6,6,6,6,
35 ,
14
39 ,
2,2,
5,5,5,5,
23 ,
39 ,
2,2,
7,
18
7,
5,5,5,5,
38
13
33 ,
21 ,
39 ,
17
27 ,
3,3,
7,
37
15
+ 34
29 ,
4,4,4,4,
36
27 ,
+ 22
17 ,
5,5,5,5,
36
14
6,6,6,6,
37 , ARESEVENTHAUGMENTATION COEFFICIENTS
27 ,
21 ,
33 , , + 34
7
+ 33
3,3,
3,3,
29 , , + 30
13
25 , , + 26
37 , + 38
13
2,2,
17
+ 24
2 and 3
13
14 ,
18
2,2,
25
33 ,
37 ,
2,2,
14 , , 15
21 ,
6,6,6,6,
+ 21
17 ,
29 ,
5,5,5,5,
+ 38
+ 32
3,3,
37 ,
2,2,
18
+ 20
17 ,
29 ,
5,5,5,5,
+ 37
15
2,2,
7,
19 ,
31 ,
22
34
3,3,
6,6,6,6,
23 ,
35 ,
15
39 ,
16
2,2,
19 , , 17
2,2,
19 , , 18
2,2,
19 ,
20
3,3,
21
3,3,
22
3,3,
24
4,4,4,4,
and 3
23 , ,
27 , ,
25
23 , ,
4,4,4,4,
27 , ,
26
4,4,4,4,
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28
and 3
32
and 3
36
*62
15
5,5,5,5,
5,5,5,5,
31 , , 29
31 , , 30
31 , are fifth detritions coefficients for category 1, 2
6,6,6,6,
7,
35 ,
39 ,
= 15
36
14
Where 13
, 33
7,
15
6,6,6,6,
36
39 ,
15
26
4,4,4,4,
, , 14
, 34
35 ,
7,
18
30
, , 15
35 ,
27 ,
6,6,6,6,
2,2,
5,5,5,5,
22
19 ,
34
31 ,
3,3,
23 ,
6,6,6,6,
35 ,
15 *63
16
2,2,
19 , , 17
2,2,
19 , , 18
2,2,
19 ,
20
3,3,
21
3,3,
22
3,3,
24
and 3
28
and 3
23 , ,
4,4,4,4,
27 , ,
5,5,5,5,
31 ,
25
23 , ,
4,4,4,4,
, 29
27 , , 26
5,5,5,5,
4,4,4,4,
, 30
31 ,
5,5,5,5,
31 ,
6,6,6,6,
6,6,6,6,
6,6,6,6,
32
35 , , 33
35 , , 34
35 , are sixth detritions coefficients for category 1, 2
and 3 *64
SECOND MODULE CONCATENATION:*65
1,1,
3,3,3
16
+ 16
17 , + 13
14 , + 20
21 ,
16
= 16
17
+ 24
4,4,4,4,4
+ 28
25 ,
17
17
= 17
16
+ 25
+ 17
4,4,4,4,4
5,5,5,5,5
36
+ 14
17 ,
+ 29
25 ,
7,7,
18
= 18
Where +
+ 13
+ 20
3
16
1,1,
17
2
+ 26
17 , , +
14 , , + 14
3,3,3
4,4,4,4,4
17
1,1,
21 , , + 21
18
17 ,
6,6,6,6,6
+ 21
3,3,3
5,5,5,5,5
29 ,
+ 33
6,6,6,6,6
7,7,
15
33 ,
16 66
37 ,
14 ,
+ 30
25 ,
21 ,
33 ,
17 *67
37 ,
1,1,
14 ,
+ 22
3,3,3
5,5,5,5,5
29 ,
+ 34
6,6,6,6,6
21 ,
33 ,
18 *68
+ 38
7,7,
18
17 , , +
14 , , +
3,3,3
+ 32
1,1,
+ 37
18
29 ,
15
1,1,
21 , , + 22
37 ,
14 ,
3,3,3
21 ,
4,4,4,4,4
+ 24
25 , , + 25
1, 2 and 3
4,4,4,4,4
25 , , + 26
5,5,5,5,5
+ 28
29 , , + 29
1, 2 and 3
5,5,5,5,5
29 ,
, + 30
5,5,5,5,5
29 ,
6,6,6,6,6
+ 32
33 , , + 33
1, 2 and 3 *69
6,6,6,6,6
33 , , + 34
6,6,6,6,6
33 ,
70
+ 36
7,7,
37 , + 37
7,7,
16
16
= 16
17
24
37 , + 38
16
4,4,4,4,4
7,7,
19 ,
27 ,
4,4,4,4,4
25 ,
13
28
1,1,
5,5,5,5,5
36
7,7
,
31 ,
20
32
3,3,3,
23 ,
6,6,6,6,6
35 ,
16 *72
39 ,
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17
= 17
16
17
17
25
4,4,4,4,4
14
19 ,
29
27 ,
5,5,5,5,5
37
18
18
= 18
17
where b16
13
1,1,
20
3,3,3,
26
4,4,4,4,4
, b17
G19 , t
, ,
18
14
1,1,
3,3,3,
24
and 3
28
and 3
4,4,4,4,4
27 , , 25
5,5,5,5,5
31 , , 29
32
and 3
6,6,6,6,6
35 , , 33
36
7,7
30
27 ,
2
G19 , t
15
39 , 36
20
= 20
21
+ 24
4,4,4,4,4,4
21
= 21
20 +
+ 21
25
4,4,4,4,4,4
+ 28
25 ,
22
= 22
21 + 26
+ 22
4,4,4,4,4,4
+ 30
25 ,
+ 16
and 3
+ 13
and 3
21 , , + 21
21 , , + 22
2,2,2
17 , , + 17
2,2,2
1,1,1,
14 , , + 14
1,1,1,
6,6,6,6,6
35 ,
18 *74
39 ,
are first detrition coefficients for category 1, 2 and 3
7,7
39 ,
1,1,1,
5,5,5,5,5,5
29 ,
+ 32
6,6,6,6,6,6
7.7.7.
2,2,2
7.7.7.
14 ,
17 ,
+ 14
29 ,
33
1,1,1,
33 ,
21 *77
37 ,
17 ,
+ 15
1,1,1,
5,5,5,5,5,5
29 ,
+ 34
6,6,6,6,6,6
21 ,
20 *76
14 ,
6,6,6,6,6,6
2,2,2
7.7.7.
33 ,
37 ,
5,5,5,5,5,5
+ 38
+ 20
34
31 ,
+ 13
+ 18
21 ,
17 *73
23 ,
17 ,
+ 37
22
35 ,
2,2,2
+ 17
29
3,3,3,
6,6,6,6,6
+ 16
21 ,
22
5,5,5,5,5
+ 36
21
6,6,6,6,6
4,4,4,4,4
39 , 36
25 ,
33
23 ,
35 , , 34
3
20
+ 20
21 ,
31 ,
23 ,
31 , , 30
7,7
3,3,3,
G19 , t
3,3,3,
27 , , 26
5,5,5,5,5
6,6,6,6,6
5,5,5,5,5
, b18
22
21
1,1,
7,7
1,1,
39 ,
38
23 , ,
4,4,4,4,4
7,7
15
19 ,
, ,
21
23 , ,
1,1,
14 ,
33 ,
22 *78
37 ,
, + 18
2,2,2
17 ,
14 , , + 15
1,1,1,
14 ,
17 ,
4,4,4,4,4,4
4,4,4,4,4,4
4,4,4,4,4,4
+ 24
25 , , + 25
25 , , + 26
25 , are fourth augmentation coefficients for
category 1, 2 and 3
5,5,5,5,5,5
5,5,5,5,5,5
5,5,5,5,5,5
+ 28
29 , , + 29
29 , , + 30
29 ,
are fifth augmentation coefficients for
category 1, 2 and 3
6,6,6,6,6,6
+ 32
33 , , + 33
category 1, 2 and 3 *79
80
+ 36
7.7.7.
37 , + 37
7.7.7.
6,6,6,6,6,6
33 , , + 34
37 , + 38
7.7.7.
6,6,6,6,6,6
33 ,
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20
20
= 20
21
24
20
4,4,4,4,4,4
36
23 ,
28
27 ,
5,5,5,5,5,5
36
21
21
= 21
20
25
21
4,4,4,4,4,4
7,7,7
17
23 ,
29
27 ,
22
= 22
21
26
22
4,4,4,4,4,4
23 ,
30
27 ,
7,7,7
20
16
3
13
24
23 , ,
21
23 ,
2,2,2
19 , , 17
1,1,1,
, , 14
2,2,2
1,1,1,
25
4,4,4,4,4,4
22
19 , , 18
, , 15
27 , ,
category 1, 2 and 3
5,5,5,5,5,5
28
31 , , 29
category 1, 2 and 3
4,4,4,4,4,4
6,6,6,6,6,6
32
35 , , 33
1, 2 and 3 *85
6,6,6,6,6,6
1,1,1,
13
1,1,1,
32
6,6,6,6,6,6
14
1,1,1,
33
6,6,6,6,6,6
35 ,
20 *82
31 ,
,
35 ,
21 *83
39 ,
19 ,
31 ,
15
1,1,1,
34
6,6,6,6,6,6
35 ,
22 *84
39 ,
2,2,2
27 , ,
5,5,5,5,5,5
7,7,7
23 ,
19 ,
2,2,2
5,5,5,5,5,5
38
31 ,
2,2,2
18
19 ,
39 ,
5,5,5,5,5,5
37
22
7,7,7
19 ,
26
31 , , 30
35 , , 34
27 ,
5,5,5,5,5,5
6,6,6,6,6,6
31 ,
35 ,
are fourth
detritions coefficients
for
are fifth
detritions coefficients
for
7,7,7
7,7,7
7,7,7
36
39 , 37
39 , 38
39 , are seventh detritions coefficients
====================================================================================
24
+ 24
25 , + 28
24
= 24
25
13
25
25
= 25
24
= 26
25
+ 25
14
26
26
1,1,1,1
1,1,1,1
+ 15
26
1,1,1,1
14 ,
4
2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 36
7,7,7,7,
37 ,
28
5,5,
32
6,6,
25 , , 25
29 , , +
29
5,5,
33 , , +
33
6,6,
1,1,1,1
+ 13
14 , , + 14
2,and 3
5,5,
29 ,
17
2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 37
7,7,7,7,
37 ,
30
5,5,
29 ,
+ 18
2,2,2,2
17 ,
38
7,7,7,7,
37 ,
24
+ 29
25 ,
14 ,
29 ,
16
25 ,
14 ,
5,5,
25 , , 26
25 ,
+ 32
6,6,
20
3,3,3,3
+ 33
6,6
21
3,3,3,3
+ 34
+ 22
6,6,
3,3,3,3
33 ,
21 ,
24 87
33 ,
21 ,
25 88
33 ,
21 ,
26 89
1, 2 3
29 , , +
30
5,5,
29 , 1, 2 3
33 , , +
34
6,6,
33 , 1, 2 3
1,1,1,1
14 , , + 15
1,1,1,1
14 ,
2,2,2,2
2,2,2,2
2,2,2,2
+ 16
17 , , + 17
17 , , + 18
17 , are fifth augmentation coefficients for category 1,
2,and 3
3,3,3,3
3,3,3,3
3,3,3,3
+ 20
21 , , + 21
21 , , + 22
21 , are sixth augmentation coefficients for category 1,
2,and 3
7,7,7,7,
7,7,7,7,
7,7,7,7,
+ 36
37 , + 36
37 , + 36
37 , ARE SEVENTH augmentation coefficients*90
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91
*92
24
24
= 24
25
26
= 25
= 26
24
24
13
25
25
1,1,1,1
25
14
26
15
2,2,2,2
36
7,7,7,7,,,
29
37
7,7,7,77,,
30
27 ,
18
24
27 , ,
3,3,3,3
23 ,
24 93
21
6,6,
35 ,
3,3,3,3
23 ,
25 94
39 ,
5,5,
34
31 ,
19 ,
7,7,7,,7,,
35 ,
33
31 ,
19 ,
2,2,2,2
27 , , 26
20
6,6,
39 ,
5,5,
2,2,2,2
32
31 ,
19 ,
17
38
25
5,5,
16
27 ,
1,1,1,1
28
27 ,
1,1,1,1
26
25
22
6,6,
35 ,
3,3,3,3
23 ,
26 95
39 ,
27 , 1, 2 3
28
5,5,
31 , , 29
5,5,
31 , , 30
5,5,
31 ,
32
6,6,
33
6,6,
34
6,6,
35 , 1, 2 3
35 , ,
35 , ,
1, 2 3
, 15
1,1,1,1
1,1,1,1
13
, , 14
,
1, 2 3
2,2,2,2
2,2,2,2
16
19 , ,
17
19 , ,
1, 2 3
18
1,1,1,1
2,2,2,2
19 ,
3,3,3,3
3,3,3,3
3,3,3,3
20
23 , , 21
23 , , 22
23 ,
1, 2 3
7,7,7,7,7,,
7,7,7,7,7,,
7,7,7,7,7,,
36
39 , 37
39 , 38
39 , SEVENTH DETRITION
COEFFICIENTS*96
*97
FIFTH MODULE CONCATENATION:*98
4,4,
6,6,6
28
+ 28
29 , + 24
25 , + 32
33 ,
28
= 28
29
+ 13
29
29
= 29
28
= 30
29
+ 28
+ 24
32
6,6,6
4,4,
+ 14
30
30
1,1,1,1,1
30
25 , , + 25
+ 16
2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 36
7,7,,7,,7,7
37 ,
25
+ 20
3,3,3,3,3
4,4,
25 ,
+ 33
6,6,6
+ 17
2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 21
3,3,3,3,3
+ 37
7,7,,,7,,7,7
29 ,
+ 34
6,6,6
+ 18
2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 22
3,3,3,3,3
+ 38
7,7,,7,,7,7
37 ,
29 , , + 30
25 , , + 26
33 , , +
34
21 ,
29 100
33 ,
21 ,
30 101
29 , 1, 2 3
4,4,
6,6,6
28 99
37 ,
25 ,
26
21 ,
33 ,
4,4,
29 ,
14 ,
4,4,
6,6,6
14 ,
1,1,1,1,1
29 , , + 29
33 , , +
29
1,1,1,1,1
+ 15
33
14 ,
25 ,
1, 2
33 , 1, 2 3
15
1,1,1,1,1
14 ,
1,1,1,1,1
+ 13
14 , , + 14
1,2, and 3
1,1,1,1,1
14 , , +
2,2,2,2,2
+ 16
17 , , + 17
1,2,and 3
3,3,3,3,3
+ 20
21 , , + 21
1,2, 3
102
*103
2,2,2,2,2
17 , , + 18
2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
3,3,3,3,3
21 , , + 22
3,3,3,3,3
21 ,
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28
28
= 28
29
13
28
1,1,1,1,1
24
31 ,
16
2,2,2,2,2
36
29
29
= 29
28
14
29
1,1,1,1,1
25
31 ,
17
30
= 30
29
15
30
1,1,1,1,1,
2,2,2,2,2
38
3,3,3,3,3
33
27 ,
6,6,6
21
19 ,
28 104
23 ,
35 ,
3,3,3,3,3
29 105
23 ,
38 ,
4,4,
2,2,2,2,2
35 ,
38 ,
7,7,7,7,7,
18
6,6,6
20
19 ,
4,4,
26
31 ,
32
23 ,
7,7,,7,7,7,
37
30
4,4,
34
27 ,
22
19 ,
7,7,7,7,7,
6,6,6
35 ,
3,3,3,3,3
23 ,
30 106
38 ,
5
28
31 , , 29
31 , , 30
31 ,
1, 2 3
4,4,
4,4,
4,4,
24
27 , , 25
27 , , 26
27 , 1,2 3
32
6,6,6
35 , , 33
6,6,6
13
3
1,1,1,1,1
, , 14
16
and 3
2,2,2,2,2
19 , , 17
35 , , 34
1,1,1,1,1
, 15
2,2,2,2,2
6,6,6
35 ,
1,1,1,1,1,
19 , , 18
1,2 3
2,2,2,2,2
19 ,
3,3,3,3,3
3,3,3,3,3
3,3,3,3,3
20
23 , , 21
23 , , 22
23 , are sixth detrition coefficients for category 1,2,
and 3107
SIXTH MODULE CONCATENATION*108
5,5,5
4,4,4,
32
+ 32
33 , + 28
29 , + 24
25 ,
32
= 32
33 + 13
1,1,1,1,1,1
33
33
= 33
32 + 14
14 ,
33
1,1,1,1,1,1
+ 16
2,2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 36
7,7,7,7,7,7,
37 ,
33 ,
+ 17
14 ,
+ 37
34
34
= 34
32
28
5,5,5
33 + 15
33 , , +
33
34
1,1,1,1,1,1
33 , , +
29 , , +
29
5,5,5
25 , , +
25
4,4,4,
34
+ 25
4,4,4,
2,2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 21
3,3,3,3,3,3
7,7,7,,7,7,7,
37 ,
30
+ 26
4,4,4,
+ 18
2,2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 22
3,3,3,3,3,3
+ 38
7,7,7,7,7,7,
37 ,
33 ,
30
33 110
21 ,
25 ,
34 111
21 ,
1, 2 3
5,5,5
4,4,4,
+ 13
1,1,1,1,1,1
14 , , + 14
1,1,1,1,1,1
14 , , + 15
1,1,1,1,1,1
14 ,
16
2,2,2,2,2,2
17 , , +
17
2,2,2,2,2,2
17 , , +
18
2,2,2,2,2,2
17 ,
+ 20
3,3,3,3,3,3
21 , , + 21
3,3,3,3,3,3
21 , , + 22
21 ,
7,7,,77,7,,7,
37 ,
7,7,7,7,7,7,
+ 36
37 ,
COEFFICIENTS112
*113
+ 36
32
32
= 32
33 13
32
1,1,1,1,1,1
35 ,
4,4,4,
29 , 1, 2 3
+ 24
25 , , + 26
32 109
21 ,
25 ,
29 ,
29 , , +
29 ,
5,5,5
33 ,
14 ,
3,3,3,3,3,3
5,5,5
29
+ 20
+ 36
28
25 ,
1, 2 3
3,3,3,3,3,3
7,7,7,,7,7,7,
5,5,5
31 ,
16
2,2,2,2,2,2
19 ,
36
7,7,7,,7,7,7
39 ,
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37 , ARE
24
20
4,4,4,
SVENTH
AUGMENTATION
27 ,
3,3,3,3,3,3
23 ,
32 114
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33
33
= 33
32
14
= 34
32
28
5,5,5
24
4,4,4,
33 15
35 , , 33
1,1,1,1,1,1
34
34
33
34
1,1,1,1,1,1
31 , ,
29
5,5,5
27 , ,
25
4,4,4,
5,5,5
17
2,2,2,2,2,2
37
7,7,7,,7,7,7
35 ,
30
2,2,2,2,2,2
38
7,7,7,,7,7,7
31 , ,
27 , ,
35 ,
30
21
19 ,
4,4,4,
27 ,
3,3,3,3,3,3
23 ,
33 115
39 ,
26
31 ,
22
19 ,
4,4,4,
27 ,
3,3,3,3,3,3
23 ,
34 116
39 ,
1, 2 3
5,5,5
26
25
31 ,
5,5,5
18
, 34
35 ,
29
35 ,
31 ,
4,4,4,
1, 2 3
27 ,
1,2 3
1,1,1,1,1,1
1,1,1,1,1,1
1,1,1,1,1,1
13
, , 14
, , 15
,
are fourth detrition coefficients for category 1, 2,
and 3
2,2,2,2,2,2
2,2,2,2,2,2
2,2,2,2,2,2
16
19 , , 17
19 , , 18
19 , are fifth detrition coefficients for category 1,
2, and 3
3,3,3,3,3,3
20
23 , , 21
2, and 3
3,3,3,3,3,3
23 , , 22
7,7,7,7,7,7
7,7,7,7,7,7
36
39 , 36
39 , 36
COEFFICIENTS117
*118
SEVENTH MODULE CONCATENATION:*119
36
= 36
28729,
36
37
+ 36
16
37 , +
3,3,3,3,3,3
7,7,7,7,7,7
23 ,
39 , ARE
17 ,
20
SEVENTH
21 ,
DETRITION
24
23 , 36 +
121
37
= 37
36 37
+ 37
37 ,
14
14 ,
21
21 , +
17
15
14 ,
22
21 , +
+ 18
17 ,
37
*122
38
= 38
38
37
+ 38
37 ,
17 ,
231 ,
36
37 36
24727,
*126
37
= 37
36
25
33
36
16
39 ,
28731,
13
19 ,
32735,
14 ,
20
36
36
37
7
17
39 ,
27 ,
29
19
19 ,
31 ,
14 ,
21
231 ,
35 ,
37
*127
Where we suppose
(A)
> 0,
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, = 13,14,15
(B)
(C)
(14 , ) ( ) 1 ( 13 )(1)
(, ) ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( 13 )(1)
2 1 14 , = ( ) 1
limG 1 , = ( ) 1
Definition of ( 13 )(1) , ( 13 )(1) :
( 13 )(1) , ( 13 )(1) , ( ) 1 , ( ) 1
Where
are
positive
constants
and = 13,14,15
They satisfy Lipschitz condition:
(1)
|( ) 1 14
, ( ) 1 14 , | ( 13 )(1) |14 14
| ( 13 )
|( )
, ( ) 1 , | < ( 13 )(1) || || ( 13 )
(1)
( ) 1
,(
(1)
13 )
<1
There exists two constants ( 13 )(1) and ( 13 )(1) which together with ( 13 )(1) , ( 13 )(1) , (13 )(1) ( 13 )(1) and
the constants ( ) 1 , ( ) 1 , ( ) 1 , ( ) 1 , ( ) 1 , ( ) 1 , = 13,14,15,
satisfy the inequalities
1
( 13 )(1)
1
[ ( ) 1 + ( ) 1 + ( 13 )(1) + ( 13 )(1) ( 13 )(1) ] < 1
( 13 )(1)
38
= 38
22723,
38
37 38
38
39 ,
26727,
18
19 ,
20
30731,
7
+ 36
37 , = First augmentation factor
2
(1)
, 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 > 0, , = 16,17,18
(F)
(2) The functions 2 , 2 are positive continuous increasing and bounded.
Definition of (pi ) 2 , (ri ) 2 :
2
(G)
2 17 , ( ) 2 16
2 (19 , ) ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( 16 )(2)
(3) lim2 2 17 , = ( ) 2
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14 ,
34735,
128
129
130
131
132
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
2122 | P a g e
|( ) 2 17
, ( ) 2 17 , | ( 16 )(2) |17 17
| ( 16 )
(2)
|( ) 2 19 , ( ) 2 19 , | < ( 16 )(2) || 19 19 || ( 16 )
(2)
(2)
. 17 , And 17 , are points belonging to the interval ( 16 ) , ( 16 )
. It is to be noted that ( ) 2 17 ,
is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if ( 16 )(2) = 1 then the function ( ) 2 17 , , the
SECOND augmentation coefficient would be absolutely continuous.
Definition of ( 16 )(2) , ( 16 )(2) :
(H)
(4) ( 16 )(2) , ( 16 )(2) , are positive constants
( ) 2
( 16 ) (2)
( ) 2
Definition of
)(2) :
There exists two constants ( 16 )(2) and ( 16 )(2) which together with ( 16 )(2) , ( 16 )(2) , (16 )(2) ( 16 )(2)
and the constants ( ) 2 , ( ) 2 , ( ) 2 , ( ) 2 , ( ) 2 , ( ) 2 , = 16,17,18,
satisfy the inequalities
1
2
+ (ai ) 2 + ( A16 )(2) + ( P16 )(2) ( k16 )(2) ] < 1
(2) [ (a i )
[
( 16 )(2)
Where we suppose
(I)
(5) 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 > 0, , = 20,21,22
The functions 3 , 3 are positive continuous increasing and bounded.
Definition of ( ) 3 , (ri ) 3 :
3 (21 , ) ( ) 3 ( 20 )(3)
3 (23 , ) ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( 20 )(3)
2 3 21 , = ( ) 3
limG 3 23 , = ( ) 3
Definition of ( 20 )(3) , ( 20 )(3) :
Where ( 20 )(3) , ( 20 )(3) , ( ) 3 , ( ) 3 are positive constants and = 20,21,22
They satisfy Lipschitz condition:
(3)
|( ) 3 21
, ( ) 3 21 , | ( 20 )(3) |21 21
| ( 20 )
(3)
|( ) 3 23 , ( ) 3 23 , | < ( 20 )(3) ||23 23 || ( 20 )
(3)
(3)
. 21 , And 21 , are points belonging to the interval
( 20 ) , ( 20 )
. It is to be noted that
( ) 3 21 , is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if ( 20 )(3) = 1 then the function
( ) 3 21 , , the THIRD augmentation coefficient, would be absolutely continuous.
Definition of ( 20 )(3) , ( 20 )(3) :
(J)
(6) ( 20 )(3) , ( 20 )(3) , are positive constants
( ) 3
,(
(3)
20 )
( 20 )(3)
(K)
149
150
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
Where we suppose
4 , 4 ,
(L)
147
148
<1
There exists two constants There exists two constants ( 20 )(3) and ( 20 )(3) which together with
( 20 )(3) , ( 20 )(3) , (20 )(3) ( 20 )(3) and the constants ( ) 3 , ( ) 3 , ( ) 3 , ( ) 3 , ( ) 3 , ( ) 3 , =
20,21,22,
satisfy the inequalities
1
3
+ ( ) 3 + ( 20 )(3) + ( 20 )(3) ( 20 )(3) ] < 1
(3) [ ( )
( 20 )
1
146
151
( ) 3
( 20 ) (3)
143
144
145
<1
( 16 )(2)
( 13 )(2) , ( 13
( M 16 )
1
141
142
4
4
,
,
,
4
> 0,
, = 24,25,26
168
169
Definition of ( ) 4 , ( ) 4 :
4 (25 , ) ( ) 4 ( 24 )(4)
4 27 , ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( 24 )(4)
170
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2123 | P a g e
|( ) 4 25
, ( ) 4 25 , | ( 24 )(4) |25 25
| ( 24 )
(4)
|( ) 4 27 , ( ) 4 27 , | < ( 24 )(4) || 27 27 || ( 24 )
)(4)
( ) 4
,(
(4)
24 )
1
( 24 )(4)
(Q)
172
173
174
<1
171
175
(4)
( 24 )
which
the
together with
constants
Where we suppose
5 , 5 , 5 , 5 , 5 , 5 > 0, , = 28,29,30
(R)
(10) The functions 5 , 5 are positive continuous increasing and bounded.
Definition of ( ) 5 , ( ) 5 :
5 (29 , ) ( ) 5 ( 28 )(5)
5 31 , ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( 28 )(5)
176
177
178
(11) 2 5 29 , = ( ) 5
limG 5 31 , = ( ) 5
Definition of ( 28 )(5) , ( 28 )(5) :
Where ( 28 )(5) , ( 28 )(5) , ( ) 5 , ( ) 5 are positive constants and = 28,29,30
They satisfy Lipschitz condition:
(5)
|( ) 5 29
, ( ) 5 29 , | ( 28 )(5) |29 29
| ( 28 )
(5)
|( ) 5 31 , ( ) 5 31 , | < ( 28 )(5) || 31 31 || ( 28 )
(5)
(5)
. 29 , and 29 , are points belonging to the interval ( 28 ) , ( 28 )
. It is to be noted that ( ) 5 29 ,
(5)
is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if ( 28 ) = 5 then the function ( ) 5 29 , ,
theFIFTH augmentation coefficient attributable would be absolutely continuous.
Definition of ( 28 )(5) , ( 28 )(5) :
(T)
( 28 )(5) , ( 28 )(5) , are positive constants
(S)
( ) 5
( 28
) (5)
( ) 5
,(
(5)
28 )
( 28 )(5)
180
181
<1
179
182
together
with
constants
Where we suppose
6 , 6 , 6 , 6 , 6 , 6 > 0, , = 32,33,34
(12) The functions 6 , 6 are positive continuous increasing and bounded.
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183
184
2124 | P a g e
|( ) 6 33
, ( ) 6 33 , | ( 32 )(6) |33 33
| ( 32 )
(6)
|( ) 6 35 , ( ) 6 35 , | < ( 32 )(6) || 35 35 || ( 32 )
(6)
(6)
. 33 , and 33 , are points belonging to the interval ( 32 ) , ( 32 )
. It is to be noted that ( ) 6 33 ,
(6)
is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if ( 32 ) = 6 then the function ( ) 6 33 , , the
SIXTH augmentation coefficient would be absolutely continuous.
Definition of ( 32 )(6) , ( 32 )(6) :
( 32 )(6) , ( 32 )(6) , are positive constants
( ) 6
( 32 ) (6)
( ) 6
186
187
188
<1
( 32 )(6)
( 32 )(6) , ( 32
Definition of
)(6) :
There exists two constants ( 32 )(6) and ( 32 )(6) which together with ( 32 )(6) , ( 32 )(6) , (32 )(6) ( 32 )(6)
and the constants ( ) 6 , ( ) 6 , ( ) 6 , ( ) 6 , ( ) 6 , ( ) 6 , = 32,33,34,
satisfy the inequalities
1
[ ( ) 6 + ( ) 6 + ( 32 )(6) + ( 32 )(6) ( 32 )(6) ] < 1
( )(6)
189
32
( 32 )(6)
Where we suppose
(V)
(W)
190
7 , 7 ,
, = 36,37,38
191
> 0,
(37 , ) ( ) 7 ( 36 )(7)
(, ) ( ) 7 ( ) 7 ( 36 )(7)
192
(X)
lim2
limG 7
37 , = ( )
39 , = ( ) 7
are
positive
constants
|( ) 7 37
, ( ) 7 37 , | ( 36 )(7) |37 37
| ( 36 )
|( )
39 , ( ) 7
193
(7)
39 , 39 | < ( 36 )(7) || 39 39 || ( 36 )
(7)
(7)
and( ) 37 , . 37 , and 37 , are points belonging to the interval ( 36 ) , ( 36 )
. It is to be
noted that ( ) 7 37 , is uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if ( 36 )(7) = 7 then the
function ( ) 7 37 , , the first augmentation coefficient attributable to terrestrial organisms, would be
absolutely continuous.
194
195
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2125 | P a g e
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(Y)
( ) 7
( 36 ) (7)
( ) 7
( 36 )(7)
<1
196
There
exists
two
constants
( 36 )(7)
and
( 36 )(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
( 36 ) , ( 36 ) , (36 ) ( 36 )
and
( ) 7 , ( ) 7 , ( ) 7 , ( ) 7 , ( ) 7 , ( ) 7 , = 36,37,38,
satisfy the inequalities
(Z)
1
( 36 )(7)
[ ( )
which
the
together
with
constants
1
[ ( ) 7 + ( ) 7 + ( 36 )(7) + ( 36 )(7) ( 36 )(7) ] < 1
( 36 )(7)
197
Definition of 0 , 0 :
28
28
() ( 28 )(5) ( 28 )
5
(5)
,
,
0 = 0 > 0
0 = 0 > 0
198
199
Definition of 0 , 0 :
32
32
0 = 0 > 0
(6)
() ( 32 )(6) ( 32 ) ,
0 = 0 > 0
================================================================================
===
Definition of 0 , 0 :
36
36
() ( 36 )(7) ( 36
)(7)
,
,
0 = 0 > 0
0 = 0 > 0
Proof: Consider operator (1) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + +
which satisfy
200
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 13 )(1) , 0 ( 13 )(1) ,
(1)
0 0 ( 13 )(1) ( 13 )
(1)
0 0 ( 13 )(1) ( 13 )
By
13 = 13
+ 0 (13 ) 1 14 13 (13
) 1 + 13
) 1 14 13 , 13
201
202
203
204
14
15
0
= 14
+ 0 (14 ) 1 13 13
0
= 15
+ 0 (15 ) 1 14 13
0
= 13
+ 0 (13 ) 1 14 13
0
= 14
+ 0 (14 ) 1 13 13
0
= T15
+ 0 (15 ) 1 14 13
(14
) 1 + (14
) 1 14 13 , 13
(15
) 1 + (15
) 1 14 13 , 13
13 13
13
14 13
13
205
15 13
13
206
(13
) 1 (13
) 1 13 , 13
13 13
13
207
(14
) 1 (14
) 1 13 , 13
14 13
13
208
T15 t
(15
) 1 (15
) 1 13 , 13
Where 13 is the integrand that is integrated over an interval 0,
15 13
13
209
13
14
210
if the conditions IN THE FOREGOING above are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the conditions
Definition of 0 , 0 :
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2126 | P a g e
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36
36
0 = 0 > 0
)(7)
() ( 36 )(7) ( 36
,
0 = 0 > 0
Consider operator (7) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + + which satisfy
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 36 )(7) , 0 ( 36 )(7) ,
(7)
0 0 ( 36 )(7) ( 36 )
(7)
0 0 ( 36 )(7) ( 36 )
By
0
36 = 36
+
(36 ) 7 37 36
(36
) 7 + 36
) 7 37 36 , 36
36 36
36
0
37 = 37
+
7
(37 ) 36 36
0
(37
) 7 + (37
) 7 37 36 , 36
37 36
36
0
38 = 38
+
7
(
)
38
37 36
0
(38
) 7 + (38
) 7 37 36 , 36
38 36
36
0
36 = 36
+
(36 ) 7 37 36
(36
) 7 (36
) 7 36 , 36
36 36
36
0
37 = 37
+
(37 ) 7 36 36
(37
) 7 (37
) 7 36 , 36
37 36
36
0
T38 t = T38
+
7
(38 ) 37 36
0
Where
36
(38
) 7 (38
) 7 36 , 36
38 36
36
Consider operator (2) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + + which
satisfy
211
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 16 )(2) , 0 ( 16 )(2) ,
(2)
0 0 ( 16 )(2) ( 16 )
(2)
0 0 ( 16 )(2) ( 16 )
By
16 = 16
+ 0 (16 ) 2 17 16 (16
) 2 + 16
) 2 17 16 , 16
212
213
214
215
0
17 = 17
+
0
18 = 18
+
0
16 = 16
+
0
17 = 17
+
16 16
16
(17 ) 2 16 16
(17
) 2 + (17
) 2 17 16 , 17
17 16
16
216
(18 ) 2 17 16
(18
) 2 + (18
) 2 17 16 , 16
18 16
16
217
(16 ) 2 17 16
(16
) 2 (16
) 2 16 , 16
16 16
16
218
(17 ) 2 16 16
(17
) 2 (17
) 2 16 , 16
17 16
16
219
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2127 | P a g e
18 = 18
+ 0 (18 ) 2 17 16 (18
) 2 (18
) 2 16 , 16 18 16 16
Where 16 is the integrand that is integrated over an interval 0,
220
221
Consider operator (3) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + + which
satisfy
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 20 )(3) , 0 ( 20 )(3) ,
(3)
0 0 ( 20 )(3) ( 20 )
(3)
0 0 ( 20 )(3) ( 20 )
By
20 = 20
+ 0 (20 ) 3 21 20 (20
) 3 + 20
) 3 21 20 , 20
21
22
20
21
=
+ 0 (21 ) 3 20 20
0
= 22
+ 0 (22 ) 3 21 20
0
= 20
+ 0 (20 ) 3 21 20
0
= 21
+ 0 (21 ) 3 20 20
0
= T22
+ 0 (22 ) 3 21 20
0
21
(21
)3
(21
)3
21 20 , 20
(22
) 3 + (22
) 3 21 20 , 20
222
223
224
225
20 20
20
21 20
20
226
22 20
20
227
(20
) 3 (20
) 3 20 , 20
20 20
20
228
(21
) 3 (21
) 3 20 , 20
21 20
20
229
T22 t
(22
) 3 (22
) 3 20 , 20 22 20 20
Where 20 is the integrand that is integrated over an interval 0,
Consider operator (4) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + + which
satisfy
230
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 24 )(4) , 0 ( 24 )(4) ,
(4)
0 0 ( 24 )(4) ( 24 )
(4)
0 0 ( 24 )(4) ( 24 )
By
24 = 24
+ 0 (24 ) 4 25 24 (24
) 4 + 24
) 4 25 24 , 24
232
233
234
235
25
26
24
25
0
= 25
+ 0 (25 ) 4 24 24
0
= 26
+ 0 (26 ) 4 25 24
0
= 24
+ 0 (24 ) 4 25 24
0
= 25
+ 0 (25 ) 4 24 24
0
= T26
+ 0 (26 ) 4 25 24
(25
) 4 + (25
) 4 25 24 , 24
(26
) 4 + (26
) 4 25 24 , 24
231
24 24
24
25 24
24
236
26 24
24
237
(24
) 4 (24
) 4 24 , 24
24 24
24
238
(25
) 4 (25
) 4 24 , 24
25 24
24
239
T26 t
(26
) 4 (26
) 4 24 , 24 26 24 24
Where 24 is the integrand that is integrated over an interval 0,
Consider operator (5) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + + which
satisfy
240
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 28 )(5) , 0 ( 28 )(5) ,
(5)
0 0 ( 28 )(5) ( 28 )
(5)
0 0 ( 28 )(5) ( 28 )
By
28 = 28
+ 0 (28 ) 5 29 28 (28
) 5 + 28
) 5 29 28 , 28
243
244
245
246
29
30
=
+ 0 (29 ) 5 28 28
0
= 30
+ 0 (30 ) 5 29 28
0
= 28
+ 0 (28 ) 5 29 28
0
= 29
+ 0 (29 ) 5 28 28
0
= T30
+ 0 (30 ) 5 29 28
0
29
241
242
28 28
28
29 28 , 28
29 28
28
247
(30
) 5 + (30
) 5 29 28 , 28
30 28
28
248
(29
)5
+ (29
)5
(28
) 5 (28
) 5 28 , 28
28 28
28
249
(29
) 5 (29
) 5 28 , 28
29 28
28
250
T30 t
(30
) 5 (30
) 5 28 , 28
Where 28 is the integrand that is integrated over an interval 0,
30 28
28
251
28
29
252
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32 = 32
+ 0 (32 ) 6 33 32 (32
) 6 + 32
) 6 33 32 , 32 32 32 32
0
33 = 33
+
0
34 = 34
+
0
32 = 32
+
0
33 = 33
+
(33 ) 6 32 32
0
(34 ) 6 33 32
0
(32 ) 6 33 32
0
(33 ) 6 32 32
0
(34 ) 6 33 32
0
(33
) 6 + (33
) 6 33 32 , 32
(34
) 6 + (34
) 6 33 32 , 32
253
254
255
256
33 32
32
257
34 32
32
258
(32
) 6 (32
) 6 32 , 32
32 32
32
259
(33
) 6 (33
) 6 32 , 32
33 32
32
260
261
T34 t = T34
+
(34
) 6 (34
) 6 32 , 32 34 32 32
Where 32 is the integrand that is integrated over an interval 0,
: if the conditions IN THE FOREGOING are fulfilled, there exists a solution satisfying the conditions
262
Definition of 0 , 0 :
36
36
0 = 0 > 0
(7)
() ( 36 )(7) ( 36 ) ,
0 = 0 > 0
Proof:
Consider operator (7) defined on the space of sextuples of continuous functions , : + + which
satisfy
0 = 0 , 0 = 0 , 0 ( 36 )(7) , 0 ( 36 )(7) ,
263
(7)
264
(7)
265
266
0 0 ( 36 )(7) ( 36 )
0 0 ( 36 )(7) ( 36 )
By
0
36 = 36
+
(36 ) 7 37 36
(36
) 7 + 36
) 7 37 36 , 36
36 36
36
267
0
37 = 37
+
7
(37 ) 36 36
0
0
38 = 38
+
7
(
)
38
37 36
0
(37
) 7 + (37
) 7 37 36 , 36
37 36
36
268
(38
)7
(38
)7
37 36 , 36
38 36
36
269
(36 )
0
37 = 37
+
(37 ) 7 36 36
36 =
0
36
0
T38 t = T38
+
7
(38 ) 37 36
0
Where
36
37 36
(36
)7
(36
)7
36 , 36
36 36
36
(37
) 7 (37
) 7 36 , 36
37 36
36
270
271
(38
)7
(38
)7
36 , 36
38 36
36
0
0
24 24
+ 0 (24 ) 4 25
+( 24 )(4) ( 24 ) 24
24 =
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272
273
2129 | P a g e
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0
1 + (24 ) 4 25
+
( 24 ) 4 ( 24 )(4)
( 24 )(4)
( 24 )
(4)
(4)
274
( 24 ) 4
( 24 )(4)
0
( 24 )(4) + 25
( 24 )(4)+ 0
25
0
25
+ ( 24 )(4)
0
0
28 28
+ 0 (28 ) 5 29
+( 28 )(5) ( 28 ) 28
28 =
0
1 + (28 ) 5 29
+
( 28 ) 5 ( 28 )(5)
( 28 )(5)
( 28 )
(5)
(5)
276
( 28 ) 5
( 28 )(5)
0
( 28 )(5) + 29
( 28 )(5)+ 0
29
0
29
+ ( 28 )(5)
(32 ) 6
(6)
0
33
+( 32 )(6) ( 32 )
0
1 + (32 ) 6 33
+
( 32 ) 6 ( 32 )(6)
( 32 )(6)
( 32 )
(6)
1
278
)6
(6)
( 32 )(6)
0
( 32 )(6) + 33
32
(
)(6)+ 0
33
32 0
33
+ ( 32 )(6)
277
32 =
32
275
(36 ) 7
(7)
0
37
+( 36 )(7) ( 36 )
0
1 + (36 ) 7 37
+
( 36 ) 7 ( 36 )(7)
( 36 )(7)
( 36
36 =
36
)(7)
279
1
280
(7)
( 36 ) 7
0
( 36 )(7) + 37
( 36 )(7)
( 36 )(7)+ 0
37
0
37
+ ( 36 )(7)
( ) 1
( 13 )(1)
( ) 1
( 13 )(1)
281
( 13 ) 1 + ( 13 )(1) + 0
( ) 1
(13 ) 1
(1)
( 13 )
282
283
( 13 )(1)+ 0
( 13 )(1)+ 0
( 13 )(1)
284
(1)
+ ( 13 )
(1)
( 13 )
In order that the operator (1) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , satisfying GLOBAL
EQUATIONS into itself
The operator (1) is a contraction with respect to the metric
1 , 1 , 2 , 2
=
{ 1 2 (13 )
, 1 2 (13 )
+
Indeed if we denote
Definition of , :
285
286
}
287
, = (1) (, )
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It results
1
1
1
2
(13 ) 1 14 14 ( 13 ) 13 ( 13 ) 13 13 +
0
1
1
1
2
{(13
) 1 13 13 ( 13 ) 13 ( 13 ) 13 +
0
1
1
(13
) 1 141 , 13 131 132 ( 13 ) 13 ( 13 ) 13 +
1
1
132 |(13
) 1 141 , 13 (13
) 1 142 , 13 | ( 13 ) 13 ( 13 ) 13
13
} 13
(13 ) 1 + (13
)
+ ( 13 ) 1 + ( 13 ) 1 ( 13 ) 1
288
1
And analogous inequalities for . Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows
292
14 ( 13 ) 1 2 = 14
+ 2(14 ) 1 ( 13 ) 1 1 /(14
)1
In the same way , one can obtain
0
15 ( 13 ) 1 3 = 15
+ 2(15 ) 1 ( 13 ) 1 2 /(15
)1
If 14 15 is bounded, the same property follows for 13 , 15 and 13 , 14 respectively.
Remark 4: If 13 bounded, from below, the same property holds for 14 15 . The proof is analogous
with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if 14 is bounded from below.
14
( 14 ) 1 1
1
( 14 ) 1
2
0 1
1 1 + 14
, =
2
1
1
2
290
291
0 0 ( ) ( ) 14 13 , 13 13 0
1
0 ( ) > 0 for t > 0
Definition of ( 13 ) 1 1 , ( 13 ) 1 3 :
Remark 3: if 13 is bounded, the same property have also 14 15 . indeed if
14
289
293
294
295
it results
By taking now 1 sufficiently small one sees that T14 is unbounded. The
(2)
16 )
( ) 2
,(
( 16 )
(2)
16 )
(2)
+ 0
( 16 )(2)+ 0
+ ( 16 )
( 16 )(2)+ 0
296
297
298
(2)
( 16 )
299
( ) 2
(16 ) 2
( 16 )(2) + 0
+ ( 16 )(2) ( 16 )(2)
In order that the operator (2) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , satisfying
The operator (2) is a contraction with respect to the metric
19 1 , 19 1 , 19 2 , 19 2
=
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300
301
2131 | P a g e
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 19 , 19 :
It results
302
= (2) (19 , 19 )
19 , 19
303
2
2
{(16
) 2 161 162 ( 16 ) 16 ( 16 ) 16 +
0
2
2
1
1
2
(16
) 2 17 , 16 16 16 ( 16 ) 16 ( 16 ) 16 +
2
2
162 |(16
) 2 171 , 16 (16
) 2 172 , 16 | ( 16 ) 16 ( 16 ) 16
} 16
(16 )
(16
)2
+ ( A16 )
+ ( P16 )
( 16 )
19
304
305
1
, 19
; 19
, 19
And analogous inequalities for G and T . Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows
309
T17
T17
( 17 ) 2
308
G t G0 e 0 ( ) ( ) T 17 16 , 16 d 16 0
2
T t T0 e ( ) t > 0 for t > 0
Definition of ( M16 ) 2 1 , ( M16 ) 2 2 and ( M16 ) 2 3 :
Remark 3: if G16 is bounded, the same property have also G17 and G18 . indeed if
dG
dt
( 17 ) 2 2
306
307
0 2 t
1 e 2 t + T17
e
If we take t such that e 2 t =
, = log
2
2
1
2
310
311
312
313
it results
By taking now 2 sufficiently small one sees that T17 is unbounded. The
314
( ) 3
( 20 )(3)
( ) 3
( 20 )(3)
( ) 3
(20 ) 3
( 20 )
+ ( 20 )
(3)
( 20 )
(3)
+ 0
( 20 )(3)+ 0
315
316
( 20 )(3)+ 0
317
( 20 )
(3)
318
(3)
+ ( 20 )
(3)
( 20 )
In order that the operator (3) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , into itself
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2132 | P a g e
23 1 , 23 1 , 23 2 , 23 2
=
{ 1 2 (20 )
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 23 , 23 :
, 1 2 (20 )
+
321
= (3) 23 , 23
23 , 23
It results
322
3
3
1
2
1
2
20 0 (20 ) 3 21 21 ( 20 ) 20 ( 20 ) 20 20 +
3
3
{(20
) 3 201 202 ( 20 ) 20 ( 20 ) 20 +
0
3
3
(20
) 3 211 , 20 201 202 ( 20 ) 20 ( 20 ) 20 +
3
3
202 |(20
) 3 211 , 20 (20
) 3 212 , 20 | ( 20 ) 20 ( 20 ) 20 } 20
323
(20 ) 3 + (20
) 3 + ( 20 ) 3 + ( 20 ) 3 ( 20 ) 3
23
324
1
, 23
; 23
, 23
And analogous inequalities for . Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows
21
21
(21 )
( 21 ) 3 3
3
( 21 ) 3
2
326
327
21 ( 20 ) 3 2 = 21
+ 2(21 ) 3 ( 20 ) 3 1 /(21
)3
In the same way , one can obtain
0
22 ( 20 ) 3 3 = 22
+ 2(22 ) 3 ( 20 ) 3 2 /(22
)3
If 21 22 is bounded, the same property follows for 20 , 22 and 20 , 21 respectively.
Remark 4: If 20 bounded, from below, the same property holds for 21 22 . The proof is analogous
with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if 21 is bounded from below.
325
0 0 ( ) ( ) 21 20 , 20 20 0
3
0 ( ) > 0 for t > 0
Definition of ( 20 ) 3 1 , ( 20 ) 3 2 ( 20 ) 3 3 :
Remark 3: if 20 is bounded, the same property have also 21 22 . indeed if
Then
320
, =
329
330
331
3 21 which leads to
0 3
1 3 + 21
328
1
2
it results
By taking now 3 sufficiently small one sees that T21 is unbounded. The
332
It is now sufficient to take
( ) 4
( 24 )(4)
( ) 4
( 24 )(4)
333
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2133 | P a g e
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( ) 4
(24 ) 4
( 24 )
( ) 4
(24 ) 4
+ ( 24 )
(4)
( 24 )
(4)
+ 0
( 24 )(4)+ 0
334
( 24 )
(4)
335
(4)
+ ( 24 )
(4)
( 24 )
In order that the operator (4) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , satisfying IN to itself
336
27 1 , 27 1 , 27 2 , 27 2
=
337
{ 1 2 (24 )
, 1 2 (24 )
+
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 27 , 27 :
27 , 27 = (4) ( 27 , 27 )
It results
4
4
{(24
) 4 241 242 ( 24 ) 24 ( 24 ) 24 +
0
4
4
(24
) 4 251 , 24 241 242 ( 24 ) 24 ( 24 ) 24
2
1
2
24 |(24
) 4 25 , 24 (24
) 4 25 , 24 |
( 24 )
Where 24 represents integrand that is integrated over the interval 0, t
From the hypotheses it follows
4
27 1 27 2 ( 24 )
1
( 24 ) 4
(24 ) 4 + (24
) 4 + ( 24 ) 4 + ( 24 ) 4 ( 24 ) 4
27
4
24
( 24 )
4
24
} 24
338
339
, 27
; 27
, 27
And analogous inequalities for . Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows
342
25 ( 24 ) 4 2 = 25
+ 2(25 ) 4 ( 24 ) 4 1 /(25
)4
In the same way , one can obtain
0
26 ( 24 ) 4 3 = 26
+ 2(26 ) 4 ( 24 ) 4 2 /(26
)4
If 25 26 is bounded, the same property follows for 24 , 26 and 24 , 25 respectively.
Remark 4: If 24 bounded, from below, the same property holds for 25 26 . The proof is analogous
with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if 25 is bounded from below.
25
( 25 ) 4 4
4
( 25 ) 4
2
341
0 0 ( ) ( ) 25 24 , 24 24 0
4
0 ( ) > 0 for t > 0
Definition of ( 24 ) 4 1 , ( 24 ) 4 2 ( 24 ) 4 3 :
Remark 3: if 24 is bounded, the same property have also 25 26 . indeed if
25
340
0 4
1 4 + 25
, =
2
4
1
2
343
344
345
it results
By taking now 4 sufficiently small one sees that T25 is unbounded. The
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2134 | P a g e
( ) 5
( 28 )(5)
( 28 ) 5 + ( 28 )(5) + 0
( ) 5
( 28 )(5) +
(28 ) 5
347
( 28 )(5)+ 0
( 28 )(5)+ 0
( ) 5
( 28 )(5)
348
( 28 )(5)
349
+ ( 28 )(5) ( 28 )(5)
In order that the operator (5) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , into itself
350
(5)
31 1 , 31 1 , 31 2 , 31 2
=
{ 1 2 (28 )
+
351
, 1 2 (28 )
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 31 , 31 :
31 , 31 = (5) 31 , 31
It results
5
5
{(28
) 5 281 282 ( 28 ) 28 ( 28 ) 28 +
0
5
5
1
1
2
(28
) 5 29 , 28 28 28 ( 28 ) 28 ( 28 ) 28 +
5
282 |(28
) 5 291 , 28 (28
) 5 292 , 28 | ( 28 ) 28
28
( 28 ) 5
(28 ) 5 + (28
) 5 + ( 28 ) 5 + ( 28 ) 5 ( 28 ) 5
31
352
5
28
( 28 )
Where 28 represents integrand that is integrated over the interval 0, t
From the hypotheses it follows
5
31 1 31 2 ( 28 )
1
} 28
353
1
, 31
; 31
, 31
And analogous inequalities for . Taking into account the hypothesis (35,35,36) the result follows
354
355
0 0 ( ) ( ) 29 28 , 28 28 0
5
0 ( ) > 0 for t > 0
Definition of ( 28 ) 5 1 , ( 28 ) 5 2 ( 28 ) 5 3 :
Remark 3: if 28 is bounded, the same property have also 29 30 . indeed if
356
29 ( 28 ) 5 2 = 29
+ 2(29 ) 5 ( 28 ) 5 1 /(29
)5
In the same way , one can obtain
0
30 ( 28 ) 5 3 = 30
+ 2(30 ) 5 ( 28 ) 5 2 /(30
)5
If 29 30 is bounded, the same property follows for 28 , 30 and 28 , 29 respectively.
Remark 4: If 28 bounded, from below, the same property holds for 29 30 . The proof is analogous
with the preceding one. An analogous property is true if 29 is bounded from below.
357
358
2135 | P a g e
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29
Then
29
29
(29 )
( 29 ) 5 5
5
( 29 ) 5 5
2
360
5 29 which leads to
1
0 5
1 5 + 29
, =
it results
By taking now 5 sufficiently small one sees that T29 is unbounded. The
361
It is now sufficient to take
( ) 6
( 32 )(6)
( ) 6
( 32 )(6)
( 32 ) 6 + ( 32 )(6) + 0
( ) 6
( 32 )(6) +
(32 ) 6
( 32 )(6)+ 0
( 32 )(6)+ 0
362
363
( 32 )(6)
364
+ ( 32 )(6) ( 32 )(6)
In order that the operator (6) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , into itself
(6)
35 1 , 35 1 , 35 2 , 35 2
=
{ 1 2 (32 )
365
366
, 1 2 (32 )
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 35 , 35 :
35 , 35 = (6) 35 , 35
It results
6
6
32
6
6
{(32
) 6 321 322 ( 32 ) 32 ( 32 ) 32 +
0
6
6
1
1
2
(32
) 6 33 , 32 32 32 ( 32 ) 32 ( 32 ) 32 +
6
322 |(32
) 6 331 , 32 (32
) 6 332 , 32 | ( 32 ) 32
6
32
( 32 )
Where 32 represents integrand that is integrated over the interval 0, t
From the hypotheses it follows
(1) 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 > 0,
, = 13,14,15
} 32
367
(14 , ) ( ) 1 ( 13 )(1)
(, ) ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( 13 )(1)
(3) 2 1 14 , = ( ) 1
limG 1 , = ( ) 1
Definition of ( 13 )(1) , ( 13 )(1) :
Where ( 13 )(1) , ( 13 )(1) , ( ) 1 , ( ) 1 are positive constants
and = 13,14,15
They satisfy Lipschitz condition:
(1)
|( ) 1 14
, ( ) 1 14 , | ( 13 )(1) |14 14
| ( 13 )
|( )
, ( ) 1 , | < ( 13 )(1) || || ( 13 )
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2136 | P a g e
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(1)
(1)
. 14 , and 14 , are points belonging to the interval ( 13 ) , ( 13 )
. It is to be noted that ( ) 1 14 , is
(1)
uniformly continuous. In the eventuality of the fact, that if ( 13 ) = 1 then the function ( ) 1 14 , , the first
augmentation coefficient attributable to terrestrial organisms, would be absolutely continuous.
(AA)
( ) 1
( 13
( ) 1
) (1)
,(
(1)
13 )
<1
(BB)
1
( 13 )(1)
1
( 13 )(1)
[ ( ) 1 + ( )
36
( ) 7
,(
)(7)
( ) 7
(36 ) 7
( 36 )
+ ( 36 )
(7)
+ 0
(7)
36 )
368
( 36 )(7)+ 0
369
( 36 )
(7)
370
( ) 7
( 36 )(7) + 0
(36 ) 7
( 36 )(7)+ 0
+ ( 36 )(7) ( 36 )(7)
In order that the operator (7) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , satisfying 37,35,36 into itself
371
372
39
, 39
39
2
, 39
(36 ) 7
, 1 2 (36 )
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 39 , 39 :
39 , 39
= (7) ( 39 , 39 )
It results
7
7
{(36
) 7 361 362 ( 36 ) 36 ( 36 ) 36 +
0
7
7
(36
) 7 371 , 36 361 362 ( 36 ) 36 ( 36 ) 36 +
361 2
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36 +
2137 | P a g e
362 |(36
) 7 371 , 36 (36
) 7 372 , 36 | ( 36 ) 36 ( 36 ) 36 } 36
Where 36 represents integrand that is integrated over the interval 0, t
From the hypotheses it follows
373
39
1
( 36 ) 7
39
(36 )
( 36 )
(36
)7
+ ( 36 ) 7 + ( 36 )
( 36 ) 7
39
, 39
; 39
, 39
And analogous inequalities for . Taking into account the hypothesis (37,35,36) the result follows
374
375
If instead of proving the existence of the solution on + , we have to prove it only on a compact then it suffices to
consider that ( ) 7 and ( ) 7 , = 36,37,38 depend only on T37 and respectively on 39 ( )
and hypothesis can replaced by a usual Lipschitz condition.
376
Remark 2: There does not exist any where = 0 = 0
From 79 to 36 it results
0
0
0 ( ) 7 ( ) 7 37 36 , 36
( ) 7
Definition of ( 36 ) 7
36
, ( 36 ) 7
( 36 ) 7
377
37
( 36 ) 7
(37
) 7 37 and by integrating
0
= 37
+ 2(37 ) 7 ( 36 ) 7
/(37
)7
/(38
)7
0
= 38
+ 2(38 ) 7 ( 36 ) 7
378
379
Definition of
and 7 :
37
(37 ) 7
7 37 which leads to
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2138 | P a g e
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37
37
( 37 ) 7 7
0 7
1 7 + 37
7
( 37 ) 7 7
, =
it results
By taking now 7 sufficiently small one sees that T37 is unbounded. The
In order that the operator (7) transforms the space of sextuples of functions , satisfying GLOBAL
EQUATIONS AND ITS CONCOMITANT CONDITIONALITIES into itself
382
383
39
39
, 39
, 39
(36 ) 7
381
, 1 2 (36 )
Indeed if we denote
Definition of 39 , 39 :
= (7) ( 39 , 39 )
39 , 39
It results
7
7
{(36
) 7 361 362 ( 36 ) 36 ( 36 ) 36 +
0
7
7
(36
) 7 371 , 36 361 362 ( 36 ) 36 ( 36 ) 36 +
7
362 |(36
) 7 371 , 36 (36
) 7 372 , 36 | ( 36 ) 36
361 2
( 36 )
7
36
} 36
39
(36 )
( 36 )
(36
)7
+ ( 36 ) 7 + ( 36 )
( 36 ) 7
39
, 39
; 39
, 39
And analogous inequalities for . Taking into account the hypothesis the result follows
385
386
0 0 ( ) ( ) 37 36 , 36 36 0
7
0 ( ) > 0 for t > 0
Definition of ( 36 ) 7 1 , ( 36 ) 7 2 ( 36 ) 7 3 :
Remark 3: if 36 is bounded, the same property have also 37 38 . indeed if
0
37 ( 36 ) 7 2 = 37
+ 2(37 ) 7 ( 36 ) 7
In the same way , one can obtain
0
38 ( 36 ) 7 3 = 38
+ 2(38 ) 7 ( 36 ) 7
/(37
)7
/(38
)7
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2139 | P a g e
( 37 ) 7
7
( 37 ) 7 7
2
0 7
1 7 + 37
, =
2
7
1
2
388
389
390
it results
By taking now 7 sufficiently small one sees that T37 is unbounded. The
(2 ) 2 (16
) 2 + (17
) 2 (16
) 2 T17 , + (17
) 2 T17 , (1 ) 2
2
391
392
393
394
395
396
400
397
398
399
and (0 ) 2 =
401
402
403
404
G 016
G 017
( 2 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 = (0 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 < (0 ) 2
and analogously
(2 ) 2 = (0 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 , (0 ) 2 < (1 ) 2
(2 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 < (0 ) 2 < (1 ) 2 ,
405
406
T0
and (0 ) 2 = T 16
0
17
( 2 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 = (0 ) 2 , (1 ) 2 < (0 ) 2
Then the solution satisfies the inequalities
2
2
0
0 (S 1 ) 2 t
G16
e (S 1 ) (16 ) t 16 G16
e
( ) 2 is defined
2
2
1
1
0
0 (S 1 ) 2
G16
e (S 1 ) (16 ) t 17 () ( ) 2 G16
e
( ) 2
1
( ) 2 G 016
( ( ) 2 (S ) 18
2 ( ) 2 (S ) 2
1
1
16
2
( 18 ) 2 G 016
(S 1 ) 2 t
) 2 [e
( 2 ) 2 (S 1 ) 2 ( 18
0 (R 1 )
T16
e
1
( 1 ) 2
e( 18 )
16 () (
(18 ) 2 T 016
)2
( 1 ) 2 (R 1 ) 2 (18
( 18 ) 2 T 016
e(R 1 )
409
410
(S 1 ) 2 (16 ) 2 t
0
16 () T16
e (R 1 )
0 (R 1 )
T16
e
407
408
2 t
2 +( ) 2
16
1
2
2)
0
T16
e
e(18 )
e(S 2 )
2 t
0 ( 18 )
] + G18
e
0 (S 2 )
+ G18
e
2 t
2 t
411
)
412
(R 1 ) 2 +(16 ) 2
G18 ()
0 (18 )
+ T18
e
413
2
2
2
2
e (R 1 ) +(16 ) e(R 2 )
( 2 ) 2 (R 1 ) 2 +(16 ) 2 +(R 2 ) 2
Definition of (S1 ) 2 , (S2 ) 2 , (R1 ) 2 , (R 2 ) 2 :
Where (S1 ) 2 = (16 ) 2 (2 ) 2 (16
)2
2
2
2
(S2 ) = (18 ) (18 )
(1 ) 2 = (16 ) 2 (2 ) 1 (16
)2
18 ()
0 (R 2 )
+ T18
e
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415
416
417
2140 | P a g e
(R 2 ) 2 = (18
) 2 (18 ) 2
Behavior of the solutions
If we denote and define
Definition of (1 ) 3 , (2 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 , (2 ) 3 :
(a) 1 ) 3 , (2 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 , (2 ) 3 four constants satisfying
(2 ) 3 (20
) 3 + (21
) 3 (20
) 3 21 , + (21
) 3 21 , (1 ) 3
3
3
(2 ) (20 ) + (21 ) (20 ) , (21 )
23 , (1 ) 3
3
3
3
3
Definition of (1 ) , (2 ) , (1 ) , (2 ) :
(b) By
(1 ) 3 > 0 , (2 ) 3 < 0 and respectively (1 ) 3 > 0 , (2 ) 3 < 0 the roots of
2
3
(21 ) 3 + (1 ) 3 3 (20 ) 3 = 0
418
419
420
the equations
421
0
20
0
21
( 2 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 = (0 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 < (0 ) 3
and analogously
(2 ) 3 = (0 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 , (0 ) 3 < (1 ) 3
422
0
(2 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 < (0 ) 3 < (1 ) 3 ,
and (0 ) 3 = 20
0
21
( 2 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 = (0 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 < (0 ) 3
Then the solution satisfies the inequalities
3
3
0
0 (1 ) 3
20
(1 ) (20 ) 20 () 20
( ) 3 is defined
3
3
1
1
0
0 (1 ) 3
20
(1 ) (20 ) 21 () ( ) 3 20
( ) 3
1
0
( 22 ) 3 20
3
3
( 1 )
(1 ) (20 ) 3 (2 ) 3
0
( 22 ) 3 20
(1 ) 3
)3
( 2 ) 3 (1 ) 3 ( 22
0 (1 ) 3
0
20
1
( 1 ) 3
( 22 )
20 () 20
0 (1 )
20
20 ()
0
(22 ) 3 20
)3
( 1 ) 3 (1 ) 3 (22
(1 )
2
(1 ) 3 (20 ) 3
3
(2 )
423
424
0 ( 22 )
] + 22
0 (2 )
+ 22
22 ()
)
426
(1 ) 3 +(20 ) 3
1
( 2 ) 3
0
20
(22 )
(1 ) 3 +(20 ) 3
0 (22 )
+ 22
0
( 22 ) 3 20
427
3
3
3
3
(1 ) +(20 ) (2 )
(1 ) 3 +(20 ) 3 +(2 ) 3
Definition of (1 ) 3 , (2 ) 3 , (1 ) 3 , (2 ) 3 :
Where (1 ) 3 = (20 ) 3 (2 ) 3 (20
)3
3
3
3
(2 ) = (22 ) (22 )
(1 ) 3 = (20 ) 3 (2 ) 3 (20
)3
3
3
3
(2 ) = (22 ) (22 )
( 2 ) 3
425
22 ()
0 (2 )
+ 22
428
429
430
431
432
If we denote and define
Definition of (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 :
(d) (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4
(2 ) 4 (24
) 4 + (25
) 4 (24
) 4 25 , + (25
) 4 25 , (1 ) 4
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(2 ) 4
(24
) 4 + (25
) 4 (24
) 4 27 , (25
) 4 27 , (1 ) 4
Definition of (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 ,
433
+ (1 ) 4
the equations
(24 ) 4 = 0 and
Definition of (1 ) 4 , , (2 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 :
434
435
436
by
(2 ) 4 = (0 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (0 ) 4 < (1 ) 4
(2 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (4 ) 4 < (0 ) 4 < (1 ) 4 ,
0
and (0 ) 4 = 24
0
25
( 2 ) 4 = (4 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (0 ) 4 , (4 ) 4 < (0 ) 4
and analogously
437
438
(2 ) 4 = (0 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (0 ) 4 < (1 ) 4
(2 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 < (0 ) 4 < (1 ) 4 ,
and (0 ) 4 =
0
24
0
25
( 2 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (0 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 < (0 ) 4 where (1 ) 4 , (1 ) 4
are defined respectively
Then the solution satisfies the inequalities
0
24
(1 ) 4 (24 ) 4
0 (1 )
24 24
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
where ( ) 4 is defined
1
( 1 ) 4
0
24
(1 ) 4 (24 ) 4
0
( 26 ) 4 24
( 1 ) 4
25 (
(1 ) 4 (24 ) 4 (2 ) 4
1
2)
(1 ) 4 (24 ) 4
0 (1 )
24
(2 )
446
447
0 (2 )
+ 26
26
448
(26)4240(2)4(1)4(26)4(1)4(26)4+ 260(26)4
0 (1 )
24
1
( 1 ) 4
0
24 24
0 (1 )
24
24 () (
0
(26 ) 4 24
)4
( 1 ) 4 (1 ) 4 (26
(1 )
449
(1 ) 4 +(24 ) 4
1
2)
0
24
(26 )
(1 ) 4 +(24 ) 4
0 (26 )
+ 26
450
4
26 ()
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2142 | P a g e
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0
( 26 ) 4 24
( 2 ) 4 (1 ) 4 +(24 ) 4 +(2 ) 4
(2 )
0 (2 )
+ 26
Definition of (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 , (1 ) 4 , (2 ) 4 :-
452
(2 ) 4 = (26 ) 4 (26 ) 4
(1 ) 4 = (24 ) 4 (2 ) 4 (24
)4
453
(2 ) 4 = (26
) 4 (26 ) 4
454
(2 ) 5 (28
) 5 + (29
) 5 (28
) 5 29 , + (29
) 5 29 , (1 ) 5
(2 ) 5 (28
) 5 + (29
) 5 (28
)5
31 , (29
)5
Definition of (1 ) 5 , (2 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 , (2 ) 5 ,
31 , (1 ) 5
+ (1 ) 5
455
:
the equations
(28 ) 5 = 0 and
Definition of (1 ) 5 , , (2 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 , (2 ) 5 :
456
by
(2 ) 5 = (0 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (0 ) 5 < (1 ) 5
(2 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 < (0 ) 5 < (1 ) 5 ,
0
and (0 ) 5 = 28
0
29
( 2 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (0 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 < (0 ) 5
and analogously
457
(2 ) 5 = (0 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (0 ) 5 < (1 ) 5
(2 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 < (0 ) 5 < (1 ) 5 ,
and (0 ) 5 =
0
28
0
29
( 2 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (0 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 < (0 ) 5 where (1 ) 5 , (1 ) 5
are defined respectively
Then the solution satisfies the inequalities
458
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2143 | P a g e
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0
28
(1 ) 5 (28 ) 5
0 (1 )
28 () 28
where ( ) 5 is defined
1
0
(1 ) 5 (28 ) 5
5 28
( 5 )
0
( 30 ) 5 28
29 ()
( 1 ) 5 (1 ) 5 (28 ) 5 (2 ) 5
1
( 2 ) 5
(1 ) 5 (28 ) 5
0 (1 )
28
459
(2 ) 5
0 (2 ) 5
+ 30
460
461
30
(30)5280(2)5(1)5(30)5(1)5(30)5+ 300(30)5
0 (1 )
28
1
( 1 ) 5
0
28 () 28
0 (1 )
28
28 ()
0
(30 ) 5 28
)5
( 1 ) 5 (1 ) 5 (30
(1 )
0
( 30 ) 5 28
( 2 ) 5 (1 ) 5 +(28 ) 5 +(2 ) 5
(1 ) 5 +(28 ) 5
462
1
( 2 ) 5
463
0
28
(30 )
(1 ) 5 +(28 ) 5
0 (30 )
+ 30
(1 ) 5 +(28 ) 5
(2 )
464
30 ()
0 (2 )
+ 30
Definition of (1 ) 5 , (2 ) 5 , (1 ) 5 , (2 ) 5 :-
465
(2 ) 5 = (30 ) 5 (30 ) 5
(1 ) 5 = (28 ) 5 (2 ) 5 (28
)5
(2 ) 5 = (30
) 5 (30 ) 5
466
(2 ) 6 (32
) 6 + (33
) 6 (32
) 6 33 , + (33
) 6 33 , (1 ) 6
(2 ) 6 (32
) 6 + (33
) 6 (32
)6
35 , (33
)6
Definition of (1 ) 6 , (2 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 , (2 ) 6 ,
35 , (1 ) 6
+ (1 ) 6
467
:
the equations
(32 ) 6 = 0 and
Definition of (1 ) 6 , , (2 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 , (2 ) 6 :
468
by
(2 ) 6 = (0 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 , (0 ) 6 < (1 ) 6
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(2 )
= (1 )
and (0 )
, (1 )
= (6 )
, (1 )
< (0 )
< (1 )
0
32
= 0
33
( 2 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (0 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 < (0 ) 6
and analogously
471
(2 ) 6 = (0 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 , (0 ) 6 < (1 ) 6
(2 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 < (0 ) 6 < (1 ) 6 ,
0
and (0 ) 6 = 32
0
33
( 2 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (0 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 < (0 ) 6 where (1 ) 6 , (1 ) 6
are defined respectively
Then the solution satisfies the inequalities
0
32
(1 ) 6 (32 ) 6
0 (1 )
32 () 32
where ( ) 6 is defined
6
6
1
0
32
(1 ) (32 )
( ) 6
0
( 34 ) 6 32
( 1 ) 6 (1 ) 6 (32 ) 6 (2 ) 6
472
6
33 () (
1
2)
(1 ) 6 (32 ) 6
0 (1 )
32
(2 )
473
0 (2 )
+ 34
474
34
(34)6320(2)6(1)6(34)6(1)6(34)6+ 340(34)6
0 (1 )
32
1
( 1 ) 6
0
32 () 32
0 (1 )
32
32 () (
0
(34 ) 6 32
)6
( 1 ) 6 (1 ) 6 (34
(1 )
0
( 34 ) 6 32
( 2 ) 6
(1 ) 6 +(32 ) 6 +(2 ) 6
475
(1 ) 6 +(32 ) 6
1
6
2)
0
32
(34 )
(1 ) 6 +(32 ) 6
0 (34 )
+ 34
(1 ) 6 +(32 ) 6
(2 )
476
6
477
34 ()
0 (2 )
+ 34
Definition of (1 ) 6 , (2 ) 6 , (1 ) 6 , (2 ) 6 :-
478
(2 ) 6 = (34 ) 6 (34 ) 6
(1 ) 6 = (32 ) 6 (2 ) 6 (32
)6
(2 ) 6 = (34
) 6 (34 ) 6
479
If we denote and define
Definition of (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 :
(m) (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 four constants satisfying
(2 ) 7 (36
) 7 + (37
) 7 (36
) 7 37 , + (37
) 7 37 , (1 ) 7
7
+ (1 ) 7
480
the equations
481
(36 ) 7 = 0 and
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2145 | P a g e
482
by
(2 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7
(2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7 ,
0
and (0 ) 7 = 36
0
37
( 2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7
and analogously
(2 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7
(2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7 ,
483
and (0 ) 7 = 36
0
37
( 2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7 where (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7
are defined respectively
Then the solution satisfies the inequalities
0
36
(1 ) 7 (36 ) 7
484
7
0 (1 )
36 () 36
where ( ) 7 is defined
7
7
0
36
(1 ) (36 )
( 7 ) 7
37 ()
485
486
0 (1 ) 7
36
( 2 ) 7
487
0
( 38 ) 7 36
(1 ) 7 (36 ) 7
(2 ) 7
+
( 1 ) 7 (1 ) 7 (36 ) 7 (2 ) 7
0
7
)7
7
( 38 ) 36
(1 ) 7
0 ( 38
( 38 ) ] + 38
)
) 7 [
( 2 ) 7 (1 ) 7 ( 38
0 (1 )
36
1
( 1 ) 7
( 1 ) 7
0
36 () 36
0 (1 )
36
36 ()
0
(38 ) 7 36
)7
(1 ) 7 (38
(1 )
488
1
( 2 ) 7
489
0
36
(38 )
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7
0 (38 )
+ 38
0
( 38 ) 7 36
7
7
7
(1 ) +(36 ) (2 )
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7 +(2 ) 7
Definition of (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 :
Where (1 ) 7 = (36 ) 7 (2 ) 7 (36
)7
7
7
7
(2 ) = (38 ) (38 )
(1 ) 7 = (36 ) 7 (2 ) 7 (36
)7
7
7
7
(2 ) = (38 ) (38 )
38 ()
0 (2 )
+ 38
490
491
38 ()
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7
( 2 ) 7
0 (2 ) 7
38
492
= (36 ) 7 (36
) 7 (37
) 7 + (36
) 7 37 ,
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Definition of
:-
(37
) 7 37 , 7 (37 ) 7 7
= 36
37
It follows
(37 ) 7
+ (2 ) 7
(36 ) 7
(37 ) 7
+ (1 ) 7
(36 ) 7
()
0
36
0
37
< (1 ) 7 < (1 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 +() 7 ( 2 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
1+() 7
it follows (0 ) 7
( ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
( 2 ) 7
0
() 7 = ( 1 ) 7
() (1 ) 7
()
493
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 +( ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
7
37
1+( ) 7
( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
, ( ) 7 = ( 1 ) 7
0
( 2 ) 7
() (1 ) 7
494
7
= 36
we find like in the previous case,
0 < (1 )
37
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 + 7 ( 2 ) 7
37
1+ 7
( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 + 7 ( 2 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
1+ 7
(1 ) 7
495
(c) If 0 < (1 ) 7 (1 ) 7 (0 ) 7 = 36
, we obtain
0
37
(1 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 + 7 ( 2 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
1+ 7
(0 ) 7
And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have
Definition of 7 :(2 ) 7
(1 ) 7 ,
36
37
(1 ) 7 ,
= 36
37
Now, using this result and replacing it in GLOBAL EQUATIONS we get easily the result stated in the theorem.
Particular case :
If (36
) 7 = (37
) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (2 ) 7 and in this case (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 if in addition (0 ) 7 = (1 ) 7
7
then = (0 ) 7 and as a consequence 36 () = (0 ) 7 37 () this also defines (0 ) 7 for the special
case .
Analogously if (36
) 7 = (37
) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (2 ) 7 and then
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2147 | P a g e
(36
) 7 (37
) 7 36 7 37 7 < 0
(36
) 7 (37
) 7 36
37
>0,
(36
) 7 (37
) 7 36
37
(36
) 7 37
(37
) 7 37
+ 36
+ 36
37
37
496
496A
496B
496C
497C
497D
497E
497F
497G
>0
<0
36 7 , 37 7 as defined are satisfied , then the system WITH THE SATISFACTION OF THE
FOLLOWING PROPERTIES HAS A SOLUTION AS DERIVED BELOW.
.
Particular case :
If (16
) 2 = (17
) 2 , (1 ) 2 = (2 ) 2 and in this case (1 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 if in addition (0 ) 2 = (1 ) 2
2
then = (0 ) 2 and as a consequence 16 () = (0 ) 2 17 ()
Analogously if (16
) 2 = (17
) 2 , (1 ) 2 = (2 ) 2 and then
2
2
(1 ) = (1 ) if in addition (0 ) 2 = (1 ) 2 then 16 () = (0 ) 2 17 () This is an important consequence
of the relation between (1 ) 2 and (1 ) 2
499
500
= (20 ) 3 (20
) 3 (21
) 3 + (20
) 3 21 ,
Definition of
:-
(21
) 3 21 ,
(21 ) 3
501
= 20
497
498
21
It follows
(21 ) 3
+ (2 ) 3
(20 ) 3
(21 ) 3
+ (1 ) 3
(20 ) 3
502
3
(a) For 0 < (0 ) 3 = 20
< (1 ) 3
0 < (1 )
21
()
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 0 ) 3
( 1 ) 3 +() 3 ( 2 ) 3
21
1+() 3
( 1 ) 3 ( 0 ) 3
( ) 3 ( 0 ) 3
( 2 ) 3
0
() 3 = ( 1 ) 3
it follows (0 ) 3 3 () (1 ) 3
In the same manner , we get
()
503
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
( 1 ) 3 +( ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
1+( ) 3
3
Definition of (1 ) :From which we deduce (0 ) 3 3 ()
0
3
(b) If 0 < (1 ) 3 < (0 ) 3 = 20
0 < (1 )
, ( ) 3 =
( 1 ) 3 ( 0 ) 3
( 0 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
(1 ) 3
we find like in the previous case,
504
21
(1 ) 3
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
( 1 ) 3 + 3 ( 2 ) 3
3
( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
21
1+ 3
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
3
3
3
( 1 ) +
( 2 )
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
3
1+
(c) If 0 < (1 ) 3 (1 )
(1 ) 3
(1 ) 3
0
505
(0 ) 3 = 20
0 , we obtain
( 1 ) 3 + 3 ( 2 ) 3
21
1+ 3
21
21 3 ( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
3
( 1 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3
(0 )
And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have
Definition of 3 :(2 ) 3
(1 ) 3 ,
= 20
21
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2148 | P a g e
(1 ) 3 ,
= 20
21
Now, using this result and replacing it in GLOBAL EQUATIONS we get easily the result stated in the theorem.
Particular case :
If (20
) 3 = (21
) 3 , (1 ) 3 = (2 ) 3 and in this case (1 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 if in addition (0 ) 3 = (1 ) 3
3
then = (0 ) 3 and as a consequence 20 () = (0 ) 3 21 ()
Analogously if (20
) 3 = (21
) 3 , (1 ) 3 = (2 ) 3 and then
3
3
(1 ) = (1 ) if in addition (0 ) 3 = (1 ) 3 then 20 () = (0 ) 3 21 () This is an important consequence
of the relation between (1 ) 3 and (1 ) 3
506
507
= (24 ) 4 (24
) 4 (25
) 4 + (24
) 4 25 ,
Definition of
:-
(25
) 4 25 ,
(25 ) 4
= 24
508
25
It follows
2
(25 ) 4 4 + (2 ) 4
From which one obtains
(24 ) 4
(25 ) 4
+ (4 ) 4
(24 ) 4
Definition of (1 ) 4 , (0 ) 4 :0
4
(d) For 0 < (0 ) 4 = 24
< (1 ) 4
0 < (1 )
25
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 0 ) 4
( 1 ) 4 + 4 ( 2 ) 4
25 4
4+ 4
it follows (0 ) 4
( 1 ) 4 ( 0 ) 4
( ) 4 ( 0 ) 4
= ( 1 ) 4
0
( 2 ) 4
() (1 ) 4
509
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
( 1 ) 4 + 4 ( 2 ) 4
25
4+ 4
( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
() (1 ) 4
4
= 24
we find like in the previous case,
0 < (1 )
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
1+ 4
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
( 1 ) 4 + 4 ( 2 ) 4
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
1+ 4
(f) If 0 < (1 ) 4 (1 ) 4 (0 ) 4 =
510
25
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
( 1 ) 4 + 4 ( 2 ) 4
(1 ) 4
( ) 4 ( 0 ) 4
( 2 ) 4
0
, ( ) 4 = ( 1 ) 4
0
24
0
25
(1 ) 4
511
512
, we obtain
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
( 1 ) 4 + 4 ( 2 ) 4
25 4 ( 1 ) 4 ( 2 ) 4
1+ 4
(0 ) 4
And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have
Definition of 4 :www.ijmer.com
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(2 ) 4
(1 ) 4 ,
24
25
(1 ) 4 ,
24
25
Now, using this result and replacing it in GLOBAL EQUATIONS we get easily the result stated in the theorem.
Particular case :
If (24
) 4 = (25
) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (2 ) 4 and in this case (1 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 if in addition (0 ) 4 = (1 ) 4
4
then = (0 ) 4 and as a consequence 24 () = (0 ) 4 25 () this also defines (0 ) 4 for the special
case .
513
Analogously if (24
) 4 = (25
) 4 , (1 ) 4 = (2 ) 4 and then
4
4
(1 ) = (4 ) if in addition (0 ) 4 = (1 ) 4 then 24 () = (0 ) 4 25 () This is an important consequence
of the relation between (1 ) 4 and (1 ) 4 , and definition of (0 ) 4 .
514
515
= (28 ) 5 (28
) 5 (29
) 5 + (28
) 5 29 ,
Definition of
:-
(29
) 5 29 ,
(29 ) 5
= 28
29
It follows
(29 ) 5
+ (2 ) 5
(28 ) 5
(29 ) 5
+ (1 ) 5
( 1 ) 5 ( 0 ) 5
( 0 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
(28 ) 5
5
(g) For 0 < (0 ) 5 = 28
< (1 ) 5
0 < (1 )
29
()
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 0 ) 5
( 1 ) 5 +() 5 ( 2 ) 5
5+() 5
it follows (0 ) 5
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 0 ) 5
() 5 =
() (1 ) 5
()
516
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
( 1 ) 5 +( ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
29
5+( ) 5
( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
( ) 5 ( 0 ) 5
, ( ) 5 = ( 1 ) 5
0
( 2 ) 5
() (5 ) 5
5
= 28
we find like in the previous case,
0 < (1 )
517
29
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
( 1 ) 5 + 5 ( 2 ) 5
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
1+ 5
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29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
( 1 ) 5 + 5 ( 2 ) 5
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
1+ 5
(1 ) 5
518
(i) If 0 < (1 ) 5 (1 ) 5 (0 ) 5 = 28
, we obtain
0
29
(1 ) 5
29 5 ( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
( 1 ) 5 + 5 ( 2 ) 5
29 5
1+ 5
( 1 ) 5 ( 2 ) 5
(0 ) 5
519
And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have
Definition of 5 :(2 ) 5
(1 ) 5 ,
28
29
(1 ) 5 ,
= 28
29
Now, using this result and replacing it in GLOBAL EQUATIONS we get easily the result stated in the theorem.
Particular case :
If (28
) 5 = (29
) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (2 ) 5 and in this case (1 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 if in addition (0 ) 5 = (5 ) 5
5
then = (0 ) 5 and as a consequence 28 () = (0 ) 5 29 () this also defines (0 ) 5 for the special
case .
Analogously if (28
) 5 = (29
) 5 , (1 ) 5 = (2 ) 5 and then
5
5
(1 ) = (1 ) if in addition (0 ) 5 = (1 ) 5 then 28 () = (0 ) 5 29 () This is an important consequence
of the relation between (1 ) 5 and (1 ) 5 , and definition of (0 ) 5 .
520
521
we obtain
6
= (32 ) 6 (32
) 6 (33
) 6 + (32
) 6 33 ,
Definition of
:-
(33
) 6 33 ,
(33 ) 6
32
33
It follows
(33 ) 6
+ (2 ) 6
(32 ) 6
(33 ) 6
+ (1 ) 6
( 1 ) 6 ( 0 ) 6
( 0 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
(32 ) 6
()
0
32
0
33
< (1 ) 6 < (1 ) 6
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 0 ) 6
( 1 ) 6 +() 6 ( 2 ) 6
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 0 ) 6
1+() 6
it follows (0 ) 6
() 6 =
() (1 ) 6
522
523
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()
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
( 1 ) 6 +( ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
6
33
1+( ) 6
( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
0
32
, ( ) 6 =
( 1 ) 6 ( 0 ) 6
( 0 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
() (1 ) 6
524
0
33
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
( 1 ) 6 + 6 ( 2 ) 6
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
1+ 6
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
( 1 ) 6 + 6 ( 2 ) 6
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
1+ 6
(1 ) 6
525
(l) If 0 < (1 ) 6 (1 ) 6 (0 ) 6 = 32
, we obtain
0
33
(1 ) 6
33 6 ( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
( 1 ) 6 + 6 ( 2 ) 6
33 6
1+ 6
( 1 ) 6 ( 2 ) 6
(0 ) 6
And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have
Definition of 6 :(2 ) 6
(1 ) 6 ,
= 32
33
(1 ) 6 ,
= 32
33
Now, using this result and replacing it in GLOBAL EQUATIONS we get easily the result stated in the theorem.
Particular case :
If (32
) 6 = (33
) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (2 ) 6 and in this case (1 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 if in addition (0 ) 6 = (1 ) 6
6
then = (0 ) 6 and as a consequence 32 () = (0 ) 6 33 () this also defines (0 ) 6 for the special
case .
Analogously if (32
) 6 = (33
) 6 , (1 ) 6 = (2 ) 6 and then
(1 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 if in addition (0 ) 6 = (1 ) 6 then 32 () = (0 ) 6 33 () This is an important consequence
of the relation between (1 ) 6 and (1 ) 6 , and definition of (0 ) 6 .
526
527
(2 ) 7 (36
) 7 + (37
) 7 (36
) 7 37 , + (37
) 7 37 , (1 ) 7
(2 ) 7 (36
) 7 + (37
) 7 (36
) 7 39 , (37
) 7 39 , (1 ) 7
7
7
7
7
7
7
Definition of (1 ) , (2 ) , (1 ) , (2 ) , , :
(q) By
(1 ) 7 > 0 , (2 ) 7 < 0 and respectively (1 ) 7 > 0 , (2 ) 7 < 0 the roots of
2
(37 ) 7 7 + (1 ) 7 7 (36 ) 7 = 0
and (37 ) 7
+ (1 ) 7
528
the equations
(36 ) 7 = 0 and
529
530.
Definition of (1 ) 7 , , (2 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 :
By (1 ) 7 > 0 , (2 ) 7 < 0 and respectively (1 ) 7 > 0 , (2 ) 7 < 0 the
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by
(2 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7
(2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7 ,
0
and (0 ) 7 = 36
0
37
( 2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7
and analogously
531
(2 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7
(2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7 < (1 ) 7 ,
0
and (0 ) 7 = 36
0
37
( 2 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (0 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 < (0 ) 7 where (1 ) 7 , (1 ) 7
are defined by 59 and 67 respectively
Then the solution of GLOBAL EQUATIONS satisfies the inequalities
0
36
(1 ) 7 (36 ) 7
532
0 (1 )
36 () 36
where ( ) 7 is defined
1
( 7 ) 7
0
36
(1 ) 7 (36 ) 7
37 ()
1
( 2 ) 7
0 (1 )
36
533
534
0
( 38 ) 7 36
(1 ) 7 (36 ) 7
(2 ) 7
+
( 1 ) 7 (1 ) 7 (36 ) 7 (2 ) 7
0
7
)7
7
( 38 ) 36
(1 ) 7
0 ( 38
( 38 ) ] + 38
)
) 7 [
( 2 ) 7 (1 ) 7 ( 38
0 (1 )
36
1
( 1 ) 7
0
36 () 36
0 (1 )
36
(1 )
0
( 38 ) 7 36
( 2 ) 7
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7 +(2 ) 7
1
7
2)
0
36
(38 )
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7
536
0 (38 )
+ 38
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7
(2 )
38 ()
0 (2 )
+ 38
Definition of (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 , (1 ) 7 , (2 ) 7 :
Where (1 ) 7 = (36 ) 7 (2 ) 7 (36
)7
= (36 ) 7 (36
) 7 (37
) 7 + (36
) 7 37 ,
(37
)7
537
538
(2 ) 7 = (38 ) 7 (38 ) 7
(1 ) 7 = (36 ) 7 (2 ) 7 (36
)7
7
7
7
(2 ) = (38 ) (38 )
From CONCATENATED GLOBAL EQUATIONS we obtain
7
38 ()
535
(1 ) 7 +(36 ) 7
36 () (
0
(38 ) 7 36
)7
( 1 ) 7 (1 ) 7 (38
0 (2 ) 7
38
37 ,
539
540
(37 ) 7
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Definition of
:-
= 36
37
It follows
(37 ) 7
+ (2 ) 7
(36 ) 7
(37 ) 7
+ (1 ) 7
(36 ) 7
7
(m) For 0 < (0 ) 7 = 36
< (1 ) 7
0 < (1 )
37
()
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 +() 7 ( 2 ) 7
1+() 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
() 7 =
( 1 ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
( 0 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
it follows (0 ) 7 7 () (1 ) 7
In the same manner , we get
()
From which we
(1 )
( )
542
37
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 + 7 ( 2 ) 7
(o) If 0 < ( )
, ( ) 7 =
( 1 ) 7 ( 0 ) 7
( 0 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
7
= 36
we find like in the previous case,
0 < (1 )
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
1+ 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 + 7 ( 2 ) 7
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
1+ 7
0
36
7
7
7
1
1
0
0
37
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
1+( ) 7
deduce (0 ) 7 7 () (1 ) 7
541
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 +( ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( )
(1 ) 7
543
, we obtain
37 7 ( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
( 1 ) 7 + 7 ( 2 ) 7
37
1+ 7
( 1 ) 7 ( 2 ) 7
(0 ) 7
And so with the notation of the first part of condition (c) , we have
Definition of 7 :(2 ) 7
(1 ) 7 ,
36
37
(1 ) 7 ,
36
37
Now, using this result and replacing it in CONCATENATED GLOBAL EQUATIONS we get easily the result
stated in the theorem.
Particular case :
If (36
) 7 = (37
) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (2 ) 7 and in this case (1 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 if in addition (0 ) 7 = (1 ) 7
7
then = (0 ) 7 and as a consequence 36 () = (0 ) 7 37 () this also defines (0 ) 7 for the special
case .
Analogously if (36
) 7 = (37
) 7 , (1 ) 7 = (2 ) 7 and then
7
7
(1 ) = (1 ) if in addition (0 ) 7 = (1 ) 7 then 36 () = (0 ) 7 37 () This is an important consequence
of the relation between (1 ) 7 and (1 ) 7 , and definition of (0 ) 7 .
14 1 13 [(14
) 1 (14
) 1 ]14 = 0
1
1
15
14 [(15 ) (15 ) 1 ]15 = 0
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system
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545
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16 2 17 (16
) 2 + (16
) 2 17 16 = 0
17 2 16 (17
) 2 + (17
) 2 17 17 = 0
18 2 17 (18
) 2 + (18
) 2 17 18 = 0
2
16
17 [(16 ) (16 ) 2 19 ]16 = 0
2
17
16 [(17
) 2 (17
) 2 19 ]17 = 0
2
18
17 [(18 ) (18 ) 2 19 ]18 = 0
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for
20 3 21 (20
) 3 + (20
) 3 21 20 = 0
21 3 20 (21
) 3 + (21
) 3 21 21 = 0
3
22
21 (22 ) + (22 ) 3 21 22 = 0
20 3 21 [(20
) 3 (20
) 3 23 ]20 = 0
3
21
20 [(21 ) (21 ) 3 23 ]21 = 0
3
22
21 [(22
) 3 (22
) 3 23 ]22 = 0
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution
24 4 25 (24
) 4 + (24
) 4 25 24 = 0
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
25
24 (25
) 4 + (25
) 4 25 25 = 0
563
26
25 (26
) 4 + (26
) 4 25 26 = 0
564
24
25 [(24
) 4 (24
)4
27
]24 = 0
565
25
24 [(25
) 4 (25
)4
27
]25 = 0
566
26
25 [(26
) 4 (26
)4
27
]26 = 0
567
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system
568
28
29 (28
) 5 + (28
) 5 29 28 = 0
569
29
28 (29
) 5 + (29
) 5 29 29 = 0
570
30
29 (30
) 5 + (30
) 5 29 30 = 0
571
28
29 [(28
) 5 (28
) 5 31 ]28 = 0
572
29
28 [(29
) 5 (29
) 5 31 ]29 = 0
573
30
29 [(30
) 5 (30
) 5 31 ]30 = 0
574
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system
575
32
33 (32
) 6 + (32
) 6 33 32 = 0
576
33
32 (33
) 6 + (33
) 6 33 33 = 0
577
34
33 (34
) 6 + (34
) 6 33 34 = 0
578
32
33 [(32
) 6 (32
) 6 35 ]32 = 0
579
33
32 [(33
) 6 (33
) 6 35 ]33 = 0
580
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34
33 [(34
) 6 (34
) 6 35 ]34 = 0
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system
36
37
38
36
37
38
7
7
7
7
584
582
37 (36
) 7 + (36
) 7 37 36 = 0
36 (37 ) + (37 ) 7 37 37 = 0
37 (38
) 7 + (38
) 7 37 38 = 0
583
584
585
37 [(36
) 7 (36
) 7 39 ]36 = 0
37 [(38
) 7 (38
) 7 39 ]38 = 0
586
587
588
589
has a unique positive solution , which is an equilibrium solution for the system
(a) Indeed the first two equations have a nontrivial solution 36 , 37 if
39 =
(36
) 7 (37
) 7 36 7 37
(36 ) 37 (37
) 7 37 = 0
560
+ (36
) 7 (37
) 7 37 + (37
) 7 (36
) 7 37 +
561
After hypothesis 0 < 0, > 0 and the functions ( ) 7 37 being increasing, it follows that there
exists a unique 37
for which 37
= 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first equations
36 =
36 7 37
) 7 +( ) 7
( 36
36
37
38 =
38 7 37
) 7 +( ) 7
( 38
38
37
39 = (36
) 7 (37
) 7 36 7 37 7
unique 37
such that = 0
Finally we obtain the unique solution OF THE SYSTEM
37
given by 39 = 0 , 37
given by 37
= 0 and
36
=
36
=
36 7 37
7
( 36 ) +( 36 ) 7 37
36 7 37
) 7 ( ) 7
(36
39
36
38 7 37
7
( 38 ) +( 38 ) 7 37
7
38
37
38
) 7 ( ) 7
(38
39
38
, 38
=
563
exists a unique 21
for which 21
= 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first equations
20 =
20 3 21
) 3 +( ) 3
( 20
20
21
22 =
24 4 25
) 4
4
( 24 ) +( 24
25
26 =
28 5 29
) 5 +( ) 5
( 28
28
29
30 =
565
566
26 4 25
) 4
4
( 26 ) +( 26
25
exists a unique 29
for which 29
= 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first equations
28 =
564
22 3 21
) 3 +( ) 3
( 22
22
21
exists a unique 25
for which 25
= 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first equations
24 =
562
567
30 5 29
) 5 +( ) 5
( 30
30
29
exists a unique 33
for which 33
= 0. With this value , we obtain from the three first equations
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32 =
32 6 33
) 6 +( ) 6
( 32
32
33
34 =
34 6 33
) 6 +( ) 6
( 34
34
33
= (13
) 1 (14
) 1 13 1 14 1
unique 14
such that = 0
(g) By the same argument, the equations 92,93 admit solutions 16 , 17 if
19 = (16
) 2 (17
) 2 16 2 17 2
(16
) 2 (17
) 2 19 + (17
) 2 (16
) 2 19 +(16
) 2 19 (17
) 2 19 = 0
Where in 19 16 , 17 , 18 , 16 , 18 must be replaced by their values from 96. It is easy to see that is a
decreasing function in 17 taking into account the hypothesis 0 > 0 , < 0 it follows that there exists a
unique G14
such that 19 = 0
(a) By the same argument, the concatenated equations admit solutions 20 , 21 if
23 = (20
) 3 (21
) 3 20 3 21 3
(20
) 3 (21
) 3 23 + (21
) 3 (20
) 3 23 +(20
) 3 23 (21
) 3 23 = 0
Where in 23 20 , 21 , 22 , 20 , 22 must be replaced by their values from 96. It is easy to see that is a
decreasing function in 21 taking into account the hypothesis 0 > 0 , < 0 it follows that there exists a
unique 21
such that 23 = 0
(b) By the same argument, the equations of modules admit solutions 24 , 25 if
27 = (24
) 4 (25
) 4 24 4 25 4
4
4
unique 25
such that 27 = 0
(c) By the same argument, the equations (modules) admit solutions 28 , 29 if
31 = (28
) 5 (29
) 5 28 5 29 5
unique 29
such that 31 = 0
(d) By the same argument, the equations (modules) admit solutions 32 , 33 if
35 = (32
) 6 (33
) 6 32 6 33 6
function in 33 taking into account the hypothesis 0 > 0 , < 0 it follows that there exists a unique 33
such that = 0
Finally we obtain the unique solution of 89 to 94
14
given by = 0 , 14
given by 14
= 0 and
13
=
13
=
13 1 14
) 1 +( ) 1
( 13
13
14
13 1 14
1
(13 ) (13 ) 1
, 15
=
, 15
=
T16
=
a 16 2 G 17
2
(a 16 ) +(a 16 ) 2 T 17
b 16 2 T 17
(b 16 ) 2 (b 16 ) 2 19
15 1 14
1
(15 ) (15 ) 1
a 18 2 G 17
2
(a 18 ) +(a 18 ) 2 T 17
b 18 2 T 17
18
(b 18 ) 2 (b 18 ) 2 19
21
given by 23 = 0 , 21
given by 21
= 0 and
20
=
20 3 21
) 3 +( ) 3
( 20
20
21
, 22
=
571
572
573
574
575
578
579
580
581
582
, G18
=
, T
570
15 1 14
) 1 +( ) 1
( 15
14
15
G17
given by 19 = 0 , T17
given by T17
= 0 and
G16
=
569
583
584
585
586
587
588
22 3 21
) 3 +( ) 3
( 22
22
21
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20
=
20 3 21
) 3 ( ) 3
(20
23
20
, 22
=
22 3 21
) 3 ( ) 3
(22
23
22
25
given by 27 = 0 , 25
given by 25
= 0 and
24
=
24
=
24 4 25
) 4 +( ) 4
( 24
24
25
, 26
=
24 4 25
4
4
(24 ) (24 )
27
589
26 4 25
) 4 +( ) 4
( 26
26
25
, 26
=
26 4 25
4
4
(26 ) (26 )
27
590
29
given by 31 = 0 , 29
given by 29
= 0 and
28
=
28
=
28 5 29
5
( 28 ) +( 28 ) 5 29
28 5 29
) 5 ( ) 5
(28
31
28
591
30 5 29
5
( 30 ) +( 30 ) 5 29
5
30
29
30
) 5 ( ) 5
(30
31
30
, 30
=
592
33
given by 35 = 0 , 33
given by 33
= 0 and
32
=
32
=
32 6 33
) 6 +( ) 6
( 32
32
33
, 34
=
32 6 33
6
6
(32 ) (32 )
35
593
34 6 33
) 6 +( ) 6
( 34
34
33
, 34
=
34 6 33
6
6
(34 ) (34 )
35
594
14
14
= 14
( ) 1
15
13
14
15
597
598
= (14
) 1 + 14
14 + 14
13 14
14
14
599
= (15
) 1 + 15
15 + 15
14 15
15
14
600
13
601
14
( ) 14
602
15
( ) 15
603
= (13
) 1 13
13 + 13
14 +
15
=13
13
= (14
) 1 14
14 + 14
13 +
15
=13
= (15
) 1 15
15 + 15
14 +
15
=13
If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions (a ) 2 and (b ) 2
C 2 ( + ) then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable
Denote
Definition of , :G = G +
, T = T +
) 2
( 17
T 17
T17
= 17
( ) 2
19
Belong to
dt
d18
dt
d16
dt
d17
dt
d18
dt
604
605
606
607
taking into account equations (global)and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
d16
= (16
) 2 + 16 2 16 + 16 2 17 16 2 G16
17
dt
d17
596
Then taking into account equations (global) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
13
= (13
) 1 + 13 1 13 + 13 1 14 13 1 13
14
14
595
608
609
= (17
) 2 + 17
17 + 17
16 17
G17
17
610
= (18
) 2 + 18
18 + 18
17 18
G18
17
611
T16
612
17
( ) T17
613
18
( ) T18
614
= (16
) 2 16
16 + 16
17 +
18
=16
16
= (17
) 2 17
17 + 17
16 +
18
=16
= (18
) 2 18
18 + 18
17 +
18
=16
If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ( ) 3 ( ) 3
3 ( + ) then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stabl
Denote
Definition of , :www.ijmer.com
Belong to
615
2158 | P a g e
21
= 21
21
( ) 3
23
616
617
618
Then taking into account equations (global) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
20
= (20
) 3 + 20 3 20 + 20 3 21 20 3 20
21
21
22
20
21
22
= (21
) 3 + 21
21 + 21
20 21
21
21
619
= (22
) 3 + 22
22 + 22
21 22
22
21
6120
20
621
21
( ) 21
622
22
( ) 22
623
= (20
) 3 20
20 + 20
21 +
22
=20
20
= (21
) 3 21
21 + 21
20 +
22
=20
= (22
) 3 22
22 + 22
21 +
22
=20
If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ( ) 4 ( )
4 ( + ) then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stabl
Denote
Definition of , : = +
, = +
) 4
( 25
25
25
= 25
( ) 4
27
Belong to
625
Then taking into account equations (global) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
24
= (24
) 4 + 24 4 24 + 24 4 25 24 4 24
25
25
26
24
25
26
624
626
627
= (25
) 4 + 25
25 + 25
24 25
25
25
628
= (26
) 4 + 26
26 + 26
25 26
26
25
629
= (24
) 4 24
24 + 24
25 +
26
=24
24
24
630
= (25
) 4 25
25 + 25
24 +
26
=24
25
25
631
= (26
) 4 26
26 + 26
25 +
26
=24
26
( ) 26
632
633
If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ( ) 5 ( ) 5
5 ( + ) then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable
Denote
Definition of , : = +
, = +
) 5
( 29
29
29
= 29
( ) 5
31
Belong to
634
Then taking into account equations (global) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
28
= (28
) 5 + 28 5 28 + 28 5 29 28 5 28
29
29
30
28
29
30
= (29
) 5 + 29
29 + 29
28 29
29
29
637
= (30
) 5 + 30
30 + 30
29 30
30
29
638
= (28
) 5 28
28 + 28
29 +
30
=28
28
28
639
= (29
) 5 29
29 + 29
28 +
30
=28
29
29
640
= (30
) 5 30
30 + 30
29 +
30
=28
30
( ) 30
641
If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ( ) 6 ( ) 6
6 ( + ) then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable
Denote
Definition of , : = +
, = +
) 6
( 33
33
33
= 33
( ) 6
35
34
32
Belong to
642
643
Then taking into account equations(global) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
32
= (32
) 6 + 32 6 32 + 32 6 33 32 6 32
33
33
635
636
644
645
= (33
) 6 + 33
33 + 33
32 33
33
33
646
= (34
) 6 + 34
34 + 34
33 34
34
33
647
= (32
) 6 32
32 + 32
33 +
34
=32
32
32
www.ijmer.com
648
2159 | P a g e
= (33
) 6 33 6 33 + 33 6 32 + 34
33 33
=32
33
34
= (34
) 6 34 6 34 + 34 6 33 + 34
=32 34 ( ) 34
Obviously, these values represent an equilibrium solution of 79,20,36,22,23,
If the conditions of the previous theorem are satisfied and if the functions ( ) 7 ( ) 7
7 ( + ) then the above equilibrium point is asymptotically stable.
649
650
651
Belong to
Proof: Denote
Definition of , :-
652
= +
) 7
( 37
37
, = +
37
= 37
653
( ) 7
39
Then taking into account equations(SOLUTIONAL) and neglecting the terms of power 2, we obtain
36
37
38
36
37
38
(36
)7
(37
)7
36
37
654
655
656
+ 36
36 + 36
37 36
+ 37
37 + 37
36 37
37
37
657
= (38
) 7 + 38
38 + 38
37 38
38
37
658
= (36
) 7 36
36 + 36
37 +
38
=36
36
36
659
= (37
) 7 37
37 + 37
36 +
38
=36
37
37
660
= (38
) 7 38
38 + 38
37 +
38
=36
38
( ) 38
661
2.
The characteristic equation of this system is
1 + (15
) 1 15 1 { 1 + (15
) 1 + 15
1
+ (13
) 1 + 13
+ (13
) 1 13
1
1
1
14
+ (14
) 1 + 14
14
+ 14
, 14
13
+ (13
) 1 + (14
) 1 + 13
+ (13
) 1 + (14
) 1 13
14
+ 14
+ (13
) 1 13
14
14
1
1
1
1
+ (13
) 1 + (14
) 1 + 13
+ (13
) 1 + 13 1
15
1
1
1
+ (13 ) 13
14 , 15
14
13
14
14
+ 14
14
1
+ 14
13
14
13
, 13
+ 14
1
13
14
+ 14
13
, 14
+ 14
1
13
13
+ 13
14
+ 14
, 13
662
15
15
15
13
13
G16
13
}=0
, 15
+
2
+ (18
) 2 18
2
{
2
+ 16
+ (16
) 2 16
(16
)2
+ (16
) 2 16
2
+ (18
) 2 + 18
17
17
+ (17
) 2 + 17
17
, 17
16
, 16
G17
T17
+ 17
+ (16
) 2 + (17
) 2 + 16
+ (16
) 2 + (17
) 2 16
+ (16
) 2 + (17
) 2 + 16
(16
)2
+ 16
18
17
G16
T17
17
16
2
+ 17
G17
, 16
T16
G17
+ 17
2
16
, 17
+ 17
2
16
G16
+ 16
+ 17
T17
+ 17
2
2
2
+ 17
www.ijmer.com
18
18
G18
16
2160 | P a g e
+ (16
) 2 16 2 17 , 18 T17
+ 17 2 16 , 18 T16
}=0
+
3
+ (22
) 3 22
3
+ (20
) 3 20
3
21
3
21
+ 21
, 21
20
21
21
+ 21
+ (20
) 3 + (21
) 3 20
3
3
21
21
21
20
, 20
21
+ 21
21
3
20
3
+ 21
20
21
+ 21
3
20
, 21
+ 21
20
+ 21
3
20
20
+ 20
+ (20
) 3 + (21
) 3 + 20
+ (20
) 3 + 20 3
22
3
3
3
+ (20 ) 20
21 , 22
21
+ 21
, 20
+ (20
) 3 + (21
) 3 + 20
+ (22
) 3 + 22
21
+ (21
) 3 + 21
3
3
+ (20
) 3 20
+ (20
) 3 + 20
22
22
22
20
20
24
28
32
20
}=0
, 22
+
4
+ (26
) 4 26
4
+ (24
) 4 24
4
25
25
25
+ 25
25
+ 25
, 25
24
+ (24
) 4 24
25
, 24
24
25
24
+ 24
25
25
+ 25
24
, 24
+ (24
) 4 + (25
) 4 + 24
+ (24
) 4 + 24 4
26
4
+ (24
) 4 24 4 25 , 26
24
, 25
+ (24
) 4 + (25
) 4 24
24
+ (24
) 4 + (25
) 4 + 24
+ (26
) 4 + 26
+ (25
) 4 + 25
+ (24
) 4 + 24
+ 25
4
4
25
25
+ 25
25
4
+ 25
+ 25
24
24
+ 25
25
26
26
26
24
24
}=0
, 26
+
5
+ (30
) 5 30
5
+ (28
) 5 28
5
+ (30
) 5 + 30
5
29
29
29
+ 29
29
+ 29
, 29
+ (29
) 5 + 29
28
+ (28
) 5 28
29
, 28
28
+ 28
29
29
+ 29
28
, 28
+ (28
) 5 + (29
) 5 28
+ (28
) 5 + (29
) 5 + 28
+ (28
) 5 + 28 5
30
5
5
5
+ (28 ) 28
29 , 30
28
29
28
, 29
+ (28
) 5 + (29
) 5 + 28
28
+ (28
) 5 + 28
+ 29
5
5
29
29
+ 29
29
5
+ 29
+ 29
28
28
+ 29
29
30
30
30
28
28
}=0
, 30
+
6
+ (34
) 6 34
6
+ (32
) 6 32
6
+ (32
) 6 + 32
6
6
+ (34
) 6 + 34
33
33
33
+ 33
33
+ 33
, 33
+ (33
) 6 + 33
32
+ (32
) 6 32
33
, 32
33
32
+ 32
33
33
+ 33
32
, 32
+ (32
) 6 + (33
) 6 32
+ (32
) 6 + (33
) 6 + 32
(32
)6
+ 32
34
32
, 33
+ (32
) 6 + (33
) 6 + 32
32
32
+ 33
6
6
33
+ 33
6
33
32
+ 33
33
6
6
+ 33
www.ijmer.com
34
34
34
32
2161 | P a g e
+ (32
) 6 32 6 33 , 34 33
+ 33 6 32 , 34 32
}=0
+
7
+ (38
) 7 38
7
+ (36
) 7 36
7
7
7
+ (38
) 7 + 38
37
37
37
+ 37
37
+ 37
, 37
+ (37
) 7 + 37
36
+ (36
) 7 36
37
, 36
36
+ 36
37
37
+ 37
36
, 36
+ (36
) 7 + (37
) 7 36
+ (36
) 7 + (37
) 7 + 36
+ (36
) 7 + 36 7
38
7
7
7
+ (36 ) 36
37 , 38
36
37
+ (36
) 7 + (37
) 7 + 36
36
, 37
36
+ (36
) 7 + 36
+ 37
7
7
37
+ 37
7
37
+ 37
37
7
+ 37
36
36
+ 37
37
, 38
38
38
38
36
36
36
}=0
REFERENCES
================================================================
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(34)^ Max Jammer (1999), Concepts of mass in contemporary physics and philosophy, Princeton University
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(53)Delamotte, Bertrand; A hint of renormalization, American Journal of Physics 72 (2004) pp. 170184.
Beautiful elementary introduction to the ideas, no prior knowledge of field theory being necessary. Full text
available at: hep-th/0212049
(54)Baez, John; Renormalization Made Easy, (2005). A qualitative introduction to the subject.
(55)Blechman, Andrew E. ; Renormalization: Our Greatly Misunderstood Friend, (2002). Summary of a lecture;
has more information about specific regularization and divergence-subtraction schemes.
(56)Cao, Tian Yu & Schweber, Silvian S. ; The Conceptual Foundations and the Philosophical Aspects of
Renormalization Theory, Synthese, 97(1) (1993), 33108.
(57)Shirkov, Dmitry; Fifty Years of the Renormalization Group, C.E.R.N. Courrier 41(7) (2001). Full text
available at: I.O.P Magazines.
(58)E. Elizalde; Zeta regularization techniques with Applications.
(59)N. N. Bogoliubov, D. V. Shirkov (1959): The Theory of Quantized Fields. New York, Interscience. The first
text-book on the renormalization group theory.
(60)Ryder, Lewis H. ; Quantum Field Theory (Cambridge University Press, 1985), ISBN 0-521-33859-X Highly
readable textbook, certainly the best introduction to relativistic Q.F.T. for particle physics.
(61)Zee, Anthony; Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell, Princeton University Press (2003) ISBN 0-691-01019-6.
Another excellent textbook on Q.F.T.
(62)Weinberg, Steven; The Quantum Theory of Fields (3 volumes) Cambridge University Press (1995). A
monumental treatise on Q.F.T. written by a leading expert, Nobel laureate 1979.
(63)Pokorski, Stefan; Gauge Field Theories, Cambridge University Press (1987) ISBN 0-521-47816-2.
(64)'t Hooft, Gerard; The Glorious Days of Physics Renormalization of Gauge theories, lecture given at Erice
(August/September 1998) by the Nobel laureate 1999 . Full text available at: hep-th/9812203.
(65)Rivasseau, Vincent; An introduction to renormalization, Poincar Seminar (Paris, Oct. 12, 2002), published
in: Duplantier, Bertrand; Rivasseau, Vincent (Eds.) ; Poincar Seminar 2002, Progress in Mathematical Physics
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Acknowledgments:
The introduction is a collection of information from various articles, Books, News Paper reports, Home
Pages Of authors, Journal Reviews, Nature s L:etters,Article Abstracts, Research papers, Abstracts Of
Research Papers, Stanford Encyclopedia, Web Pages, Ask a Physicist Column, Deliberations with
Professors, the internet including Wikipedia. We acknowledge all authors who have contributed to the
same. In the eventuality of the fact that there has been any act of omission on the part of the authors, we
regret with great deal of compunction, contrition, regret, trepidation and remorse. As Newton said, it is
only because erudite and eminent people allowed one to piggy ride on their backs; probably an attempt
has been made to look slightly further. Once again, it is stated that the references are only illustrative and
not comprehensive
First Author: 1Mr. K. N.Prasanna Kumar has three doctorates one each in Mathematics, Economics, Political Science.
Thesis was based on Mathematical Modeling. He was recently awarded D.litt. for his work on Mathematical Models in
Political Science--- Department of studies in Mathematics, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India Corresponding
Author:drknpkumar@gmail.com
Second Author: 2Prof. B.S Kiranagi is the Former Chairman of the Department of Studies in Mathematics, Manasa
Gangotri and present Professor Emeritus of UGC in the Department. Professor Kiranagi has guided over 25 students and he
has received many encomiums and laurels for his contribution to Co homology Groups and Mathematical Sciences. Known
for his prolific writing, and one of the senior most Professors of the country, he has over 150 publications to his credit. A
prolific writer and a prodigious thinker, he has to his credit several books on Lie Groups, Co Homology Groups, and other
mathematical application topics, and excellent publication history.-- UGC Emeritus Professor (Department of studies in
Mathematics), Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Karnataka, India
Third Author: 3Prof. C.S. Bagewadi is the present Chairman of Department of Mathematics and Department of Studies in
Computer Science and has guided over 25 students. He has published articles in both national and international journals.
Professor Bagewadi specializes in Differential Geometry and its wide-ranging ramifications. He has to his credit more than
159 research papers. Several Books on Differential Geometry, Differential Equations are coauthored by him--- Chairman,
Department of studies in Mathematics and Computer science, Jnanasahyadri Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta, Shimoga
district, Karnataka, India
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