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Exercise 10.1 (Solutions)

Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry for Class XI
Available online @ http://www.mathcity.org, Version: 1.0.0

Question # 1
(i)

sin(780) = sin 780 = sin ( 4(90) + 60 ) = sin(60) =

(ii) cot(855o ) = cot855o = cot ( 9(90) + 45)

= ( tan 45o ) = tan 45o = 1 *

3
*
2

Q 855 is in the IInd quad.

(iii) csc(2040o ) = csc ( 22(90) + 60 ) = csc(60)

Q 2040o is in the Ist quad.
1
1
2
=
=
=
*
sin ( 60 )
3
3
2
(iv) sec(960) = sec(960) = sec (10(90) + 60 ) = sec 60o Q 960o is in the IIIrd quad.
1
1
=
= 2 *
=

1
cos 60o
2
1
(v) tan(1110) = tan (12(90) + 30 ) = tan(30) =
Q 1110o is in the Ist quad
*
3
(vi) sin(300) = sin(300) = sin ( 3(90) + 30 )

= ( cos30o ) = cos30o =

3
2

Q 300o is in the IIIrd quad.

Question # 2
(i) sin196o = sin(180 + 16) = sin180 ocos16o + cos180o sin16o

= (0)cos16o + (1)sin16o = sin16o *

(ii) cos147o = cos(180 33) = cos180 ocos33o + sin180o sin 33o

= (1)cos33o + (0)sin 33o = cos33o *

(iii) sin 319o = sin(360 41) = sin 360o cos 41o cos360o sin 41o

Do yourself

(iv) cos 254o = cos(270 16)

Do yourself

sin 294
sin(270 + 24)
=
o
cos 294 cos(270 + 24)
sin 270o cos 24o + cos 270o sin 24o (1)cos 24o + (0)sin 24o
=
=
cos 270o cos 24o sin 270o sin 24o (0)cos 24o (1)sin 24o
cos 24o + 0 cos 24o
=
=
= cot 24o *
o
o
0 + sin 24
sin 24
Alternative
tan 270o + tan 24o
tan 294o = tan(270 + 24) =
1 tan 270o tan 24o
tan 24o
tan 24o
o
tan 270 1 +
1 +
o
tan
270

=
1

tan 270o
tan 24o tan 24o
o
tan 270

(1 + 0 ) = 1 = cot 24o *
=
tan 24o
0 tan 24o
(v) tan 294o =

FSc-I / 10.1 - 2

(vi) cos 728o = cos(720 + 8)

Do yourself

(vii) sin(625o ) = sin 625o = sin(630 5) = ( sin 630o cos5o cos630o sin 5o )
= ( (1)cos5o (0)sin 5o ) = ( cos5o 0 ) = cos5o *

(viii) cos(435o ) = cos 435o = cos(450 15)

Do yourself

Question # 3
(i) L.H.S = sin(180 + )sin(90 )

= ( sin180o cos + cos180o sin ) )( sin 90o cos cos90o sin )

= ( (0)cos + (1)sin ) )( (1)cos (0)sin )

= ( 0 sin ) )( cos 0 ) = sin cos = R.H.S

(ii) First we calculate

3
2
o
o
o
o
sin 480 = sin(450 + 30) = sin 450 cos30 + cos 450 sin 30o

sin 780o = sin(720 + 60) = sin(2 360 + 60) = sin 60o =

= (1)cos30 + (0)sin 30 = cos30 + 0 =

3
2

1
1
and
sin 30 =
2
2
o
o
o
L.H.S = sin 780 sin 480 + cos120 sin 30o
3 3 1 1 3 1 1
=

+ = = = R.H.S
2 2 2 2 4 4 2

cos120 =
So

(iii) First we calculate

cos306o = cos(270 + 36) = cos 270o cos36o sin 270o sin 36o

So

= (0)cos36o (1)sin 36o = 0 + sin 36o = sin 36o

cos 234o = cos(270 36) = cos 270cos36 + sin 270cos36
= (0)cos36o + (1)sin 36o = 0 sin 36o = sin 36o
cos162o = cos(180 18) = cos180o cos18o + sin180o sin18o
= (1)cos18 + (0)sin18 = cos18 + 0 = cos18
L.H.S = sin 306o + cos 234o + cos162o + cos18o
= sin 36o sin 36o cos18o + cos18o = 0 = R.H.S *

(iv) First we calculate (Alternative Method)

cos330o = cos(360 30) = cos(30o ) = cos(30o ) =

sin 600 = sin(6 90 + 60) = sin 60 =
cos120o = cos(90 + 30) = sin 30 =

Q 600o is in the IIIrd quad

Q 120o is in the IInd quad

1
Q 150o is in the IInd quad
2
o
o
L.H.S = cos330 sin 600 + cos120o sin150o
3
3 1 1
3 1
4
=

+ = = = 1 = R.H.S *
4 4
4
2 2 2 2

sin150o = sin(90 + 60) = cos60o =

So

1
2

3
2

3
2

FSc-I / 10.1 - 3

Question # 4
First we calculate
sin( + ) = sin cos + cos sin = (0)cos + (1)sin
= 0 sin = sin
3
3

tan
+ = tan 3 + = cot
Q
+ is in the IVth quad
2
2

3
3

= cot 3 = tan
Q
is in the IIIrd quad
cot
2
2

cos( ) = cos cos + sin sin = (1)cos + (0)sin

= cos + 0 = cos
csc(2 ) = csc( ) = csc
Now
3

sin 2 ( + ) tan
+
2

L.H.S =
3

cot
cos 2 ( ) csc(2 )
2

( sin ) 2 ( cot )
sin 2 ( cot )
=
=
2
2
tan 2 cos 2 ( csc )
tan

cos

)
(

csc

)
(
)
=

sin 2

cos
sin

sin 2
1
cos 2
2
cos
sin

sin cos
= cos = R.H.S
sin

Question 4 (ii)
First we calculate
cos(90 + ) = sin
Q 90 + is in the IInd quad.
sec( ) = sec
tan(180 ) = tan ( 2(90) ) = tan
Q 180 is in the IInd quad.
sec(360 ) = sec( ) = sec
sin(180 + ) = sin ( 2(90) + ) = sin
Q 180 + is in the IIIrd quad.
cot(90 ) = tan
Q 90 is in the Ist quad.
Now
cos(90 + ) sec( ) tan(180 )
L.H.S =
sec(360 ) sin(180 + ) cot(90 )
( sin )sec ( tan )
=
= 1 = R.H.S *
sec ( sin ) ( tan )
Question # 5 (i)
Since , and are angels of triangle therefore
+ + = 180
+ = 180
Now L.H.S = sin( + ) = sin(180 )
= sin180 cos cos180 sin
= (0)cos (1)sin = 0 + sin = sin = R.H.S *
Question # 5 (ii)
Since , and are angels of triangle therefore
+ + = 180
+ 180
+ = 180

=
2
2

FSc-I / 10.1 - 4

+
180
180
Now L.H.S = cos

= cos
= cos
2
2
2
2

= cos 90 = cos90 cos + sin 90 sin

2
2
2

= (0) cos + (1) sin = 0 + sin = sin = R.H.S *

2
2
2
2
Question # 5 (iii)
Since , and are angels of triangle therefore
+ + = 180
+ = 180
Now L.H.S = cos( + ) = cos(180 )
= cos180 cos + sin180 sin
= (1)cos + (0)sin = cos + 0 = cos = R.H.S *
Question # 5 (iv)
Since , and are angels of triangle therefore
+ + = 180
+ = 180
Now L.H.S = tan( + ) + tan = tan(180 ) + tan
tan180 tan
=
+ tan
1 + tan180 tan
(0) tan
tan
=
+ tan =
+ tan
1 + (0) tan
1+ 0
= tan + tan = 0 = R.H.S *

Made by: Atiq ur Rehman (mathcity@gmail.com) http://www.mathcity.org

Remember:
sin ( + ) = sin cos + cos sin

sin ( ) = sin cos cos sin

cos ( + ) = cos cos sin sin

cos ( ) = cos cos + sin sin
tan + tan
tan tan
tan ( + ) =
tan ( ) =
1 tan tan
1 + tan tan

Three Steps to solve sin n

2

Step I: First check that n is even or odd

Step II: If n is even then the answer will be in sin and if the n is odd then sin will be
converted to cos and vice virsa (i.e. cos will be converted to sin).

Step III: Now check in which quadrant n is lying if it is in Ist or IInd quadrant
2
the answer will be positive as sin is positive in these quadrant and if it is in the IIIrd or
IVth quadrant the answer will be negative.
e.g.
sin 667 o = sin ( 7(90) + 37 )
Since n = 7 is odd so answer will be in cos and 667 is in IVth quadrant and sin is
ive in IVth quadrant therefore answer will be in negative. i.e sin 667o = cos37
Similar technique is used for other trigonometric rations. i.e tan cot and sec csc .

The End