TELEVISION

ORIGINS: Experiments to produce images with the help of light and shade effects had started as early as the 19th century. The first break through come in 1926 when John Logie Braid showed images of moving human faces at the Royal Institute in London. Further experiments with television were interrupted by the Great War of 1939-45 and only restart in 1946. Today T.V. technology has increase very fast and includes digital imaging. By the end of the 1940`s television Station were in operation in the U.S.A., U.K., France and most of the main cities of Europe. The first color TV program was telecast in the U.S.A. in 1953. Television became extremely popular all over the world in a very short period of time, on account of the fact that it combined Sight with Sound. It had the all the advantages of the radio and the cinema Combined and Could be viewed in the Comfort and Privacy of one`s own home. Television progrrammes are telecast over several channels throughout the day and late into the night. People have become addicted to TV. Also people have Started Calling TV the Idiot Box.

Potential for National Development through TV. In large, over populated and illiterate Country like India, TV being audiovisual has a great potential for national Development. If can be use as a Powerful instrument of a social change, and reform as it has a great effect on growing minds and is also habit forming. But to be really effective Doordarshan must reach out to more and more Indians. Doordarshan has large number of high power TV transmitters. In spite, of this TV remains the mainly for the Urban and semi-urban people and has still to penetrate deep in rural areas. Television can be use to show the people a better way of life through Planned entertainment programmes and it and it can also be used for direct education. At present it is a toy for urban middle and rich classes. In order to be of any use to the masses(people), it is necessary first of all that there should attest one set
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in each of the villages of the Country and this set should be kept in working condition at all times. With the help of TV people can be made aware of what is happening in the Country and the World. In a Country with the Cultural diversity, television can be used to create better inter-regional and inter communal understanding. *Television For Education A professor of New York University was of the opinion, after conducting the survey in Indi, that school TV is the useful aid to teaching and that student learn more and better with television that without other experts also are of the opinion that TV is a great help to education for it enables a large number of people to listen, to talks by specialists. Another advantage is that costly and rare experiments can be shown on the TV screen to school and college students whose institutions do not have necessary laboratory facilities. Today, In India and abroad, distant education is becoming more and more popular. Educational programs on TV can do much improve the quality of distant education. When color TV was introduced the government announces that other TV would make educational program more effective. However, color has only belt to make the song and dance, films more attractive. In fact, the number of education program on scientific topics has been slightly reduced. And the quality is definitely getting worse day by day. Though there are many advantages of TV as educational medium. It must be said that TV cannot replace classroom teaching; it can only aid or helped it. This is because TV is a one way channel and immediate feedback as in a classroom is not possible. It has been found Educational, Television (ETV) encourages teacher more than students. All the stations of Doordarshan regularly telecast School level educational programs, but the response is poor. A carried out by NCERT publications in the Delhi area shown that only 38% of the school provided with TV sets actually switch them on for the benefit of students. The response to educational program at the higher educational level has been better. Program for college level students are telecast over national network every afternoon under UGC and are known as the Countrywide Classroom In Delhi, the TV programs on
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education have a closer link with the primary & secondary school syllabus than the program in Bombay do. It is in the general education programs that TV has been more successful. Programs on Family planning, agro information, medical information, dance forms and Yoga have proved to be popular with Yoga and old people also. Impact of TV On Other Media: When TV is first appeared in Europe and America most people felt that the traditional media like news papers and radio would be driven away by this audio visual media. It was also felt that cinema would have to close down as people would prepare to watch TV in the relaxed atmosphere of their own homes, rather than go out of their houses. Today we realized that newspapers are doing well still along with radio and cinema. What actually seems to have happen, in Western countries at least is that people cutting on their outings, social gathering and religious and actual activities to watch TV. In the early years of TV there was great impact on the press in the west. But soon after, the novelty of TV died out and the reading habit of people again took a whole especially among the educated classes. With reference to the radio, a person given the choice of watching TV or listening the radio in Bombay may prefer the TV for be can both see and here. On the other hand, a housewife might prefer the Radio for she can listen to the music and also do her house work. Cinema also has been affected by the coming of TV Cinema can only hope to take away the TV audience by presenting