Sr00 STD Swo Hva Rep 0001

Sabic Riyadh Compound Project Stantec Project N 12706.00 St t P j t No.
12706 00
Cooling and HVAC System Options Report

SR00-STD-SWO-HVA-REP-0001 06th S September 2012 b
Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Table of Contents
1.0 2.0 3.0 Introduction Discussion Recommendations 2 3 11
Appendices
Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Cooling and HVAC System Options Sketches Advantages and Disadvantages CAPEX and OPEX Comparisons Cooling Load and Cooling Tower Make-Up Water Estimates
Page 1
1.0
Introduction
Stantec has been requested to provide a Cooling and HVAC System Options Report (Report) for the SABIC Riyadh Compound Project.
The Report reviews various feasible cooling and HVAC system options serving the residential and non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, discusses their respective advantages and disadvantages, makes CAPEX and OPEX comparisons and also provides preliminary estimates on the cooling load and cooling tower make-up water, and makes recommendations with supporting documentation included in the appendices.
The Report was submitted as a DRAFT Report for information purposes on September 3, 2012.
The FINAL Report is being submitted as part of the Building Services Concept Design for review, comment and SABIC approval of the cooling and HVAC system recommendations and which will form the design basis for the cooling and HVAC system and further specific and detailed reviews.
(The criticality and operational prioritization of the building types / critical buildings will be discussed and agreed with SABIC separately. At present, Stantec understands that
emergency cooling provisions could be provided for at a maximum of 24 hours continuous operation to critical buildings.)
Page 2
2.0
2.1
Discussion
Cooling and HVAC System Options
Stantec has reviewed the following cooling and HVAC system options:
OPTION 1: OPTION 2: OPTION 3:
Residential and Non-Residential Water Cooled Chillers Residential and Non-Residential DX Residential Water Cooled Chillers Non-Residential DX
OPTION 4:
Residential DX Non-Residential Water Cooled Chillers
OPTION 5:
Residential DX Non-Residential DX Schools Air Cooled Chillers
XXX: XXX:
Residential and Non-Residential Air Cooled Chillers Not Reviewed Residential and Non-Residential District Cooling Not Available
Stantec has not reviewed air cooled chillers to provide cooling to the entire site as the space requirements to implement the same would significantly reduce the usable site and also impact masterplanning, and Stantec has not reviewed District Cooling as we understand that existing chilled water provisions are not available at the site.
Please refer Appendix A for sketches indicating the residential and non-residential components to Phase 1 and Phase 2, and sketches indicating the cooling and HVAC system options.
Page 3
2.1.1
OPTION 1
OPTION 1 considers water cooled chillers to provide cooling to the residential and nonresidential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (Centralized.)
Water Cooled Chillers
Approximately 23,300 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
12,600 TR 10,700 TR
The cooling system could either comprise independent / hydraulically decoupled chilled water systems or a common chilled water system as necessary to facilitate construction staging of Phase 1 and Phase 2. As such, the cooling system could be located to 2 x 75m x 35m independent Chiller Plantrooms or to a common 75m x 70m Chiller Plantroom with cooling towers located to the roof level(s) of the Chiller Plantroom(s).
Chilled water will be provided by 10 x 2,500 TR centrifugal chillers, 10 x 3,125 THR cooling towers, a 4,100 m3/day cooling tower make-up water storage tank, and chilled water will be reticulated to the site via an n+1 primary-secondary hydraulically decoupled pumping arrangement via a 1000mm diameter chilled water ring main at (say) 4.5 C and returned at (say) 13.5 C. Heat exchangers and tertiary pumps will be provided as required to protect the cooling system.
Emergency chilled water provisions could be provided to prioritized building types / critical buildings for (say) 24 hours continuous operation. This will require a cooling tower make-up water storage tank, and electrical generator and diesel fuel provisions.
Key advantages and disadvantages associated with OPTION 1 are highest CAPEX and high OPEX / high owning expenditure. It also has the highest space requirements which reduces usable site which consequently impacts masterplanning.
Considering the aforementioned and the low availability of potable water on site for the cooling tower make-up water, OPTION 1 is excluded as a feasible cooling and HVAC system option recommendation.
Page 4
The advantages and disadvantages associated with OPTION 1 are outlined in Appendix B and the CAPEX and OPEX comparisons are outlined in Appendix C. coordinated with the Quantity Surveyor on the CAPEX and OPEX comparisons.) (Stantec has
Refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.
2.1.2
OPTION 2
The SABIC Scope of Work Concept, Feed and Detail Design Scope dated 1 August 2012 Clause 5.4 HVAC reads as follows:
Architect / Engineer shall consider using packaged HVAC systems for the buildings. Split units may be considered for small residential loads.
OPTION 2 considers direct expansion (DX) to provide cooling to the residential and nonresidential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (De-centralized.)
DX
Approximately 23,300 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
12,600 TR 10,700 TR
VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to the Villas of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and roof top packaged units (packaged units) and VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to the Apartments and non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2.
Emergency cooling provisions could be provided to prioritized building types / critical buildings. This will require electrical generator and diesel fuel provisions.
Key advantages and disadvantages associated with OPTION 2 are lowest CAPEX and low OPEX / lowest owning expenditure. It also has low space requirements which increases usable site.
Page 5
Considering the aforementioned, OPTION 2 is considered as a feasible cooling and HVAC system option.
The advantages and disadvantages associated with OPTION 2 are outlined in Appendix B and the CAPEX and OPEX comparisons are outlined in Appendix C.
2.1.3
OPTION 3
OPTION 3 considers water cooled chillers to provide cooling to the residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and also considers DX to provide cooling to the non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (Centralized and de-centralized, respectively.)
Approximately 20,900 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
11,300 TR 9,600 TR
As per OPTION 1, the cooling system could either comprise independent / hydraulically decoupled chilled water systems or a common chilled water system as necessary to facilitate construction staging of Phase 1 and Phase 2. As such, the cooling system could be located to 2 x 75m x 35m independent Chiller Plantrooms or to a common 75m x 70m Chiller Plantroom with cooling towers located to the roof level(s) of the Chiller Plantroom(s).
Chilled water will be provided by 9 x 2,500 TR centrifugal chillers, 9 x 3,125 THR cooling towers, a 3,700 m3/day cooling tower make-up water storage tank, and chilled water will be reticulated to the site via an n+1 primary-secondary hydraulically decoupled pumping arrangement via a 1000mm diameter chilled water ring main at (say) 4.5 C and returned at (say) 13.5 C. Heat exchangers and tertiary pumps will be provided as required to protect the cooling system.
Page 6
DX
Approximately 2,400 TR will be required in total, and packaged units and VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
1,300 TR 1,100 TR
Key advantages and disadvantages associated with OPTION 3 are medium CAPEX and lowest OPEX / low owning expenditure. It also has high space requirements which reduces
usable site which consequently impacts masterplanning. (Similar to OPTION 1.)
Considering the low owning expenditure and not-with-standing the low availability of potable water on site for the cooling tower make-up water, OPTION 3 is considered as a feasible cooling and HVAC system option.
Please refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.
2.1.4
OPTION 4
OPTION 4 considers DX to provide cooling to the residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and water cooled chillers to provide cooling to the non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (De-centralized and centralized, respectively.)
Page 7
DX
Approximately 20,900 TR will be required in total.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
11,300 TR 9,600 TR
As per OPTION 2, VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to the Villas of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and packaged units and VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to the Apartments of Phase 1 and Phase 2.
Approximately 2,400 TR will be required to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
1,300 TR 1,100 TR
The cooling system will be located to a common 35m x 35m Chiller Plantroom located between Phase 1 and Phase 2 with cooling towers located to the roof level of the Chiller Plantroom.
Chilled water will be provided by 2 x 1,250 TR centrifugal chillers, 2 x 1,550 THR cooling towers, a 450 m3/day cooling tower make-up water storage tank, and chilled water will be reticulated to the site via an n+1 primary-secondary hydraulically decoupled or an n+1 variable speed primary pumping arrangement via a 350mm diameter chilled water ring main at (say) 4.5 C and returned at (say) 13.5 C.
Page 8
Key disadvantages associated with OPTION 4 are high CAPEX and highest OPEX / highest owning expenditure. Also, DX has low space requirements which increases usable site, and the water cooled chillers will require approximately 25% of the OPTION 1 space requirements.
Considering the aforementioned, OPTION 4 is excluded as a feasible cooling and HVAC system option.
Considering the aforementioned, OPTION 4 is excluded as a cooling and HVAC system option recommendation.
2.1.5
OPTION 5
OPTION 5 considers DX to provide cooling to the residential and non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and air cooled chillers to provide cooling to the schools of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (De-centralized.)
DX
Approximately 21,900 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2 excluding the schools.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
11,900 TR 10,000 TR
As per OPTION 2, VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to the Villas of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and packaged units and VRV / split air conditioning systems
Page 9
will provide air conditioning to the Apartments and non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2.
Air Cooled Chillers
Approximately 1,400 TR will be required in total with air cooled chiller capacities ranging from 250 TR to 450 TR to provide air conditioning to the schools of Phase 1 and Phase 2.
Phase 1: Phase 2:
600 TR 800 TR
All chillers will be local / located to the roof level of each school.
Chilled water will be provided by 4 x (say) 500 TR high efficiency screw chillers appropriately de-rated at high ambient conditions, and chilled water will be reticulated to each school via an n+1 variable speed primary pumping arrangement via a 250mm diameter chilled water dropper at (say) 6.0 C and returned at (say) 12.0 C.
Emergency cooling provisions could be provided to prioritized schools or components thereof. This will require electrical generator and diesel fuel provisions.
Key advantages and disadvantages associated with OPTION 5 are low CAPEX and medium OPEX / medium owning expenditure. It also has the lowest space requirements which
increases usable site as the air cooled chillers serving the schools are located to above roof level.
Considering the aforementioned, OPTION 5 is considered as a cooling and HVAC system option recommendation.
Page 10
3.0
Recommendation
In the discussion above, Stantec has reviewed OPTIONS 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and based on the same, OPTIONS 2, 3 and 5 are considered as feasible cooling and HVAC system options.
OPTION 2 provides the lowest CAPEX and low OPEX and hence, is the reference for final review of the feasible cooling and HVAC system options.
OPTIONS 1 and 4 have been excluded owing to CAPEX and OPEX considerations.
3.1.1
Comparing OPTION 2 and OPTION 3
A distinct advantage of delivering chilled water to the villas is that the typical noise associated with condensing units is removed from the villa common spaces, and relocated to a central location where noise is not a concern.
The higher OPEX associated with OPTION 3 can be absorbed by higher utility charges to the tenant, essentially negating the increase in costs.
A concern with the centralized approach for chilled water is that the chilled water ring main / distribution loop provides a single point of failure for the cooling to all villas. In the
conventional DX system, one failure equates to one villa being without air conditioning. In the chilled water approach, one failure equates to all villas being without air conditioning. In the peak of Summer when the temperature is at approximately 46 degrees, a failure of the cooling system would be well noticed by all occupants. Furthermore, maintenance to any part of the chilled water ring main may require that all villas be without cooling for a period. Also, the low availability of potable water on site for the cooling tower make-up water associated with OPTION 3 is a negative consideration.
Stantec considers the lack of resilience / reliability associated with OPTION 3 a negative consideration / makes OPTION 3 less attractive.
Page 11
3.1.2
Comparing OPTION 2 and OPTION 5
In our experience, the ventilation standard of ASHRAE 62-2007, requires a significant percentage of outside air to be provided to the school / classroom spaces. The large
percentage of outside air, when considered with extreme ambient / weather conditions of Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, may limit the effectiveness of conventional DX equipment to perform the required cooling. Although our review considers conventional DX equipment, the actual layout of the classroom spaces may require more significant control strategies to manage the extreme weather conditions or part load conditions.
Alternatively, a chilled water system for a school could be readily adapted to both partial load conditions and extreme weather conditions, assuming that the fresh air system is preconditioned prior to mixing with the return air.
Although the chilled water system for the schools may require additional CAPEX and increased costs in the yearly maintenance / OPEX, Stantec is confident that OPTION 5 would provide the appropriate comfort conditions to the schools under all weather conditions throughout the year.
3.1.3
Cooling and HVAC System Recommendation
With regard to the comparisons between OPTION 2 and OPTION 3 and OPTION 2 and OPTION 5, Stantec recommends OPTION 5.
OPTION 5 provides for resilience / reliability to all villas and the non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and also provides confidence that the appropriate comfort conditions would be provided to the schools under all weather conditions throughout the year.
If the additional OPEX associated with OPTION 5 could be / are passed on to the end-user through increased tuition / school costs, then the additional initial investment for resilience / reliability only represents an increase of SAR11,815,850 (CAPEX OPTION 5 CAPEX OPTION 2), or an increase of less than 1% (0.6%) of the OPTION 5 owning expenditure of the cooling and HVAC system.
Furthermore, OPTION 5 will provide flexibility for the site during the entire life cycle of the project.
Page 12
Appendix A
Cooling and HVAC System Options Sketches
Phase 1 and Phase 2 Residential and Non-Residential Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5
Appendix B
Advantages and Disadvantages
Cooling System VRV, Split Air Conditioning and Chilled Water FCU Systems Packaged, VAV and CAV AHU Systems
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND CHILLED WATER SYSTEM - ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 9/5/2012 REVISION A
Chilled Water System Type OPTION 1
System Description Refer Section 2.1.1 OPTION 1 for description of OPTION 1 and refer Appendix B for advantages and disadvantages of AHUs and FCUs.
Advantages Greater redundancy and opportunity to "load-share" across site as centralized Highest operating efficiency
Disadvantages Requires cooling towers, condenser water circuits and chemical treatment, and respective controls and associated roof level space for cooling towers Requires cooling tower make-up water storage provisions / tank with makeup water connection Maintenance and large component replacement / access challenging Impacts masterplan space planning Possible plume effect Legionella bacteria risk or possible algae growth Longer lead times AHU condensate recovery not feasible owing to site arrangement / horizontal distances Highest CAPEX High OPEX
Comments
RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS OPTION 1 considers water cooled chillers to provide cooling to the (CENTRALIZED) residential and non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (Centralized.)
Centralized chilled water system, maintenance less challenging compared to de-centralized chilled water systems More reliable / fewer breakdowns likely as generally requires more Water Cooled Chillers maintenance Larger capacity chillers, i.e. Fewer water-cooled chillers required compared Approximately 23,300 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to air-cooled chillers to Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively. Suitable for larger cooling loads Cooling tower fans are likely to be more quiet compared to air-cooled chiller Phase 1 12 600 TR Ph 1: 12,600 condenser fans, located at distance from most of site Phase 2: 10,700 TR Say 20 year life cycle for water-cooled chillers with scheduled maintenance as located in Plantroom
Plume reduction technologies are available to reduce plume effect
Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor
OPTION 2 RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALIZED)
Refer Section 2.1.2 OPTION 2 for description of OPTION 2 and refer Appendix B for advantages and disadvantages of pacjkaged and VRV / split air conditioning units. OPTION 2 considers direct expansion (DX) to provide cooling to the residential and non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (Decentralized.) DX Approximately 23,300 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2. Phase 1: 12,600 TR Phase 2: 10,700 TR
Lowest CAPEX Lowest OPEX
OPTION 3 RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED) NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALIZED)
Refer Section 2.1.3 OPTION 3 for description of OPTION 3 and refer Appendix B for advantages and disadvantages of FCUs, and packaged and VRV / split air conditioning units. OPTION 3 considers water cooled chillers to provide cooling to the residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 and also considers DX to 2, provide cooling to the non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (Centralized and de-centralized, respectively.) Water Cooled Chillers Approximately 20,900 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively. Phase 1: 11,300 TR Phase 2: 9,600 TR DX Approximately 2,400 TR will be required in total, and packaged units and VRV / split air conditioning systems will provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2. Phase 1: 1,300 TR Phase 2: 1,100 TR
Same advantages as OPTION 2
Same disadvantages as OPTION 2
Medium CAPEX Low OPEX
Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor
OPTION 4 RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALISED) NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED)
Refer 2.1.4 OPTION 4 for description of OPTION 4 and refer Appendix B Same advantages as OPTION 2 for advantages and disadvantages of VRV / split air conditioning units, and AHUs and FCUs. OPTION 4 considers DX to provide cooling to the residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and water cooled chillers to provide cooling to the non-residential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (De-centralized and centralized, respectively.) DX Approximately 20,900 TR will be required in total. Phase 1: 11,300 TR Phase 2: 9,600 TR Water Cooled Chillers Approximately 2,400 TR will be required to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively. Phase 1: 1,300 TR Phase 2: 1,100 TR
Same disadvantages as OPTION 2
High CAPEX Higest OPEX
Chilled Water System Type OPTION 5 RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALIZED) NON-RESIDENTIAL DX (DE-CENTRALISED) SCHOOLS - AIR COOLED CHILLERS (DE-CENTRALIZED)
System Description Refer 1.1.1 OPTION 5 for description of OPTION 5 and refer Appendix B Low CAPEX for advantages and disadvantages of VRV / split air conditioning units, and AHUs and FCUs. OPTION 5 considers DX to provide cooling to the residential and nonresidential components of Phase 1 and Phase 2, and air cooled chillers to provide cooling to the schools of Phase 1 and Phase 2. (De-centralized.) DX Approximately 21,900 TR will be required in total to provide air conditioning to Phase 1 and Phase 2 excluding the schools. Phase 1: 11,900 TR Phase 2: 10,000 TR Air Cooled Chillers Approximately 1,400 TR will be required in total with air cooled chiller capacities ranging from 250 TR to 450 TR to provide air conditioning to the schools of Phase 1 and Phase 2. Phase 1: 600 TR Phase 2: 800 TR
Advantages Medium OPEX
Disadvantages
Comments
No Legionella bacteria risk or algae growth Generally shorter lead times
Lower energy consumption efficiency at higher ambient temperatures Requires more emergency generators to achieve emergency chiller water provisions Decentralized chilled water system, maintenance more challenging Reduced redundancy and opportunity to "load-share" across site as decentralized Plantroom space without roof covering / screening Say 15 year plant life with scheduled maintenance, and plant exposed to abrasive air environment Noisier at higher ambient temperature, and may require acoustic treatment to reduce noise / noise local to schools Condenser coil performance likely to derate faster compared to cooling tower labyrinth system Suitable for smaller applications Less reliable / more breakdowns likely
XXX RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - AIR COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED)
Centralized independent / hydraulically decoupled or common chilled water Same advantages as OPTION 4 systems serving Phase 1 and Phase 2 to facilitate construction staging. Approximately 23,300 TR required in total. Phase 1: 12,600 TR Phase 2: 10,700 TR 55 x (say) 500 TR High efficiency screw chillers derated at high ambient conditions. n+1 pumps to variable speed primary pumping arrangement. Emergency chilled water and power / diesel provisions for (say) 24 hours continuous operation to prioritized building types / critical buildings.
Same disadvantages as OPTION 5 Space requirements to implement would significantly reduce usable site and also impact masterplanning
Not considered as a feasible OPTION
XXX RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - DISTRICT COOLING (CENTRALIZED)
Centralized independent / hydraulically decoupled or common chilled water Lowest CAPEX systems serving Phase 1 and Phase 2 to facilitate construction staging. Lowest OPEX Approximately 23,300 TR required in total. Phase 1: 12,600 TR Phase 2: 10,700 TR Energy Transfer Station(s) (ETS) located near district cooling mains pipework accommodating heat exhangers and n+1 primary-secondary hydraulically decoupled pumping arrangement. ETS(s) would be designed to temperature and pressure drop requirements as per district cooling provider requirements.
Existing chilled water provisions are not available on site
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND VRV, SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING AND CHILLED WATER FCU SYSTEMS - ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 9/5/2012 REVISION A
HVAC System Type DX - Variable Refrigeration Volume System (VRV)
System Description
Advantages
Disadvantages
Comments Highest CAPEX depending on site infrastructure and scale, being confirmed with QS
DX - Split Air Conditioning System
Chilled Water - Chilled Water Fan Coil Unit System (FCU)
VRV system comprises outdoor air-cooled condensing units, indoor fan coil Lower installation cost Higher CAPEX units / evaporators, refrigerant pipework (2 or 3 pipe system), power and control cables, and local operation and control / centralized operation and Stand-alone HVAC system, higher reliability as dependent on electrical Higher OPEX compared to FCUs if FCUs are served by water cooled control system only, and emergency cooling provisions by emergency power chillers but comparable OPEX if chilled water system is air-cooled provisions only For larger VRV HVAC systems, gradual / modular transfer of VRV HVAC Say 10 to 15 year life cycle for outdoor air-cooled condensing units as system electrical loads to emergency generators possible and should result exposed to environment, and say 15 year life cycle for indoor fan coil units in lower emergency generator CAPEX and OPEX may result in mismatched life cycles of outdoor air-cooled condensing and indoor fan coil units Local operation and control on heating and cooling simultaneously if 3 pipe Increased electrical works as compressor is local to outdoor air-cooled system installed or either heating or cooling if 2 pipe system installed, condensing units individual temperature control Centralized operation and control possible from centralized BMS Maintenance requires specialist / complex technology Allows for full metering of power consumption Limited suppliers Requires power, controls, condensate drainage and outdoor air provisions Higher quality assurance as reduced builders works Fault finding / diagnostics is simple Plantrooms not required / outdoor air-cooled condensing units easily located to roof level or floor level Single outdoor condensing unit can serve several indoor units Modern solution Lower noise Short lead times Split air conditioning system comprises outdoor air-cooled condensing Local operation and control on heating and cooling, heat pump options for Higher OPEX compared to FCUs if FCUs are served by water cooled units, indoor fan coil units / evaporators, refrigerant pipework, power and heating chillers control cables, and local operation and control / centralized operation and Single outdoor condensing unit can serve several indoor units (multi-split) Refrigeration tube pipe lengths are limited control Comparible CAPEX to FCUs considering infrastructure and scale Lower CAPEX compared to VRV system Small size and flexibility for zoning individual rooms Similar advantages to VRV system FCU system comprises indoor fan coil units, local run-out chilled water Lower CAPEX as chilled water from central / decentralized chilled water Higher installation cost pipework served from central / decentralized chilled water system, power system and control cables, and local operation and control / centralized operation Lower OPEX if chilled water system is water-cooled but comparable OPEX Requires chilled water system and chilled water distribution system and control is chilled water system is air-cooled reticulated from site infrastructure Local operation and control on heating and cooling, individual temperature Lower reliability as dependent on electrical and chilled water systems, and control emergency cooling provisions requires emergency power and chilled water provisions Centralized operation and control possible from centralized BMS Does not allow for full metering of power consumption Say 15 year life cycle for indoor fan coil unit as not exposed to envirnoment Requires power, controls, condensate drainage and outdoor air provisions as well as chilled water Reduced electrical works as only fan and controls are local Fault finding / diagnostics is less simple Maintenance does not require a specialist / simple and understood May require acoustic treatment technology Proven and common solution Short lead times Numerous suppliers
Medium CAPEX depending on site infrastructure and scale
Lowest CAPEX depending on site infrastructure and scale
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND PACKAGED, VAV AND CAV AHU SYSTEMS - ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 9/5/2012 REVISION A
HVAC System Type DX - Packaged Unit (PU) AHU System
System Description
Advantages Higher CAPEX
Disadvantages Being confirmed by QS
Comments
Packaged Unit AHU system comprises outdoor air-cooled condensing units Stand-alone HVAC system, higher reliability as dependent on electrical and indoor fan coil units / evaporators combined / packaged into a single system only, and emergency cooling provisions by emergency power unit provisions only Centralized operation and control possible from centralized BMS Allows for full metering of power consumption Requires power, controls, condensate drainage and local outdoor air provisions Fault finding / diagnostics is simple as diagnostics interface available Plantrooms not required / located to roof level or floor level No refrigerant pipework Lower noise Short lead times Similar advantages to VRV and split air conditioning systems Lower CAPEX compared to packaged AHUs
Higher OPEX compared to VAV and CAV AHUs if they are served by water Requires greater electrical infrastructure to the building compared to VAV cooled chillers but comparable OPEX if chilled water system is air-cooled and CAV AHUs Say 10 to 15 year life cycle as exposed to environment Increased electrical works as compressor is local to outdoor air-cooled condensing units Maintenance of compressors required Smaller compared to VAV and CAV AHUs resulting in more AHUs, suitable for smaller applications Visible from adjacent buildings unless screened Serves smaller zones Higher CAPEX with an expected short pay-back period compared to FCUs Higher CAPEX depending on site infrastructure and scale / chilled water or CAV AHUs provisions, being confirmed with QS Higher installation cost Maintenance requires controls specialist More complex controls
Chilled Water - Variable Air Volume (VAV) and Constant Air Volume (CAV) AHU System
VAV and / or CAV AHUs located to either central roof level AHU Plantrooms / enclosures or decentralized satellite floor level Plantrooms with supply and return air ducted to / from floor levels
Lower OPEX and higher energy consumption efficiency Greater airborne infection control Relative pressure regime can be maintained space-to-space and department-to-department Improved air quality as return air is returned to AHU for UV sterilization and Larger shaft and ceiling space requirements filtration Appropriate filtration at AHU being EU3 (panel) and EU8 (bag) or greater if Reduced reliability as a single point of failure required Centralized HVAC system Reduced roof level or floor level space dependant on location of AHU Plantrooms Departments or buildings can be isolated or "turned down" / set back when AHUs have possibly longer lead times not occupied Centralized operation and control possible from centralized BMS Increased local structural loading as heavier / larger Individual temperature control if VAV Requires chilled water provisions Improved air distribution over FCU located in bulkhead / hotel-type Similar life cycle to packages AHUs unless located in an enclosed AHU arrangement Plantroom Central maintenance of AHU without disruption to occupied space when carrying out maintenance Minimal hydronic equipment located in occupied space Noise located to roof level and at distance from occupied space VAV boxes approximately equal in flow capacity to fan coil units Cheaper condensate recovery opportunities Requires less electrical infrastructure at the building Larger compared to packaged AHUs resulting in fewer AHUs
Single point of failure could be mitigated by appropriate equipment selection
Appendix C
CAPEX and OPEX Comparisons
Quantities Estimates PRELIMINARY Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND QUANTITIES ESTIMATES - PRELIMINARY 9/5/2012 REVISION A
PHASE 1 (SAUDI)
OPTION 1 RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL Building Type # AHUs FCUs (TR) 2.5 Unit Type A Unit Type B Unit Type C Unit Type D Unit Type E Boys School Girls School Town Center Men Recreation Center Women Recreation Center Juma Mosque Local Mosques Town Center Mosques Labor Accommodation Security Gate House Total 27.0 3.0 3685 1305.1 253.4 336.0 886.8 874.2 NON-RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 5000 6.3 63 9.8 2.7 2.4 2.1 3.6 2.0 1.4 30 RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 1631.4 316.8 420.0 1108.5 1092.8 33.8 3.8 4607
OPTION 2 DX NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 12.7 12 7 19.7 5.4 4.8 4.2 7.2 3.9 2.7 61
OPTION 3 RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (TR) 2.5 1305.1 253.4 336.0 886.8 874.2 27.0 3.0 3685 NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 12.7 12 7 19.7 5.4 4.8 4.2 7.2 3.9 2.7 61
OPTION 4 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 1631.4 316.8 420.0 1108.5 1092.8 33.8 3.8 4607 NON-RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 5000 6.3 63 9.8 2.7 2.4 2.1 3.6 2.0 1.4 30 RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 1631.4 316.8 420.0 1108.5 1092.8 33.8 3.8 4607
OPTION 5 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL DX SCHOOLS - AIR COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 5.4 4.8 4.2 7.2 3.9 2.7 28 SCHOOLS # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 7500 4.2 42 6.6 11 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 24 hour occupancy Comments
PHASE 1 (EXPAT)
OPTION 1 RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL Building Type # AHUs FCUs (TR) 2.5 Unit Type A Unit Type B Unit Type C Unit Type D ( Units) (All yp ) Unit Type E (All Units) Unit Type F-1 Unit Type F-2 Kindergarten (Boys and Girls) Club House / Recreation Center Security Gate House Total 66.5 271.0 90.6 64.3 167.0 160.8 1.5 822 NON-RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 5000 0.7 2.1 3 RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 83.2 338.8 113.2 80.4 208.8 201.0 1.9 1027 OPTION 2 DX NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 1.4 4.2 6 OPTION 3 RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (TR) 2.5 66.5 271.0 90.6 64.3 167.0 160.8 1.5 822 NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 1.4 4.2 6 OPTION 4 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 83.2 338.8 113.2 80.4 208.8 201.0 1.9 1027 NON-RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 5000 0.7 2.1 3 RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 83.2 338.8 113.2 80.4 208.8 201.0 1.9 1027 1.4 4.2 6 OPTION 5 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL DX SCHOOLS - AIR COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 SCHOOLS # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 7500 0 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy OMITTED FROM SCOPE 12 hour occupancy p y 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 24 hour occupancy Comments
PHASE 2
OPTION 1 RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL Building Type # AHUs FCUs (TR) 2.5 Unit Type A Unit Type B Unit Type C Unit Type D Unit Type E Boys School Girls School Town Center Men Recreation Center Women Recreation Center Local Mosques Security Gate House Total 1412.5 391.7 581.1 772.6 676.8 2.0 3837 NON-RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 5000 8.5 12.0 1.2 2.3 2.0 3.4 29 RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 1765.6 489.6 726.4 965.8 846.0 2.5 4796 OPTION 2 DX NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 17.1 24.0 2.4 4.5 3.9 6.8 59 OPTION 3 RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (TR) 2.5 1412.5 391.7 581.1 772.6 676.8 2.0 3837 NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 17.1 24.0 2.4 4.5 3.9 6.8 59 OPTION 4 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 1765.6 489.6 726.4 965.8 846.0 2.5 4796 NON-RESIDENTIAL # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 5000 8.5 12.0 1.2 2.3 2.0 3.4 29 RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (TR) 2.0 1765.6 489.6 726.4 965.8 846.0 2.5 4796 OPTION 5 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL DX SCHOOLS - AIR COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL # PUs VRV / Split Unit (LPS) 2500 2.4 4.5 3.9 6.8 18 SCHOOLS # AHUs FCUs (LPS) 7500 5.7 8.0 14 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 12 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 16 hour occupancy 24 hour occupancy Comments
TOTALS
OPTION 1 RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS OPTION 2 DX OPTION 3 RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX OPTION 4 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS OPTION 5 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL DX SCHOOLS - AIR COOLED CHILLERS RESIDENTIAL NON-RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS Comments # AHUs FCUs PHASE 1 (SAUDI) PHASE 1 (EXPAT) PHASE 1 - Total PHASE 2 - Total Total 3685 822 4507 3837 8344 # AHUs FCUs 30 3 33 29 62 # PUs VRV / Split Unit 4607 1027 5634 4796 10430 # PUs VRV / Split Units # AHUs FCUs 3685 822 4507 3837 8344 # PUs VRV / Split Units # PUs VRV / Split Units 4607 1027 5634 4796 10430 # AHUs FCUs 30 3 33 29 62 # PUs VRV / Split Units 4607 1027 5634 4796 10430 # PUs VRV / Split Unit 28 6 34 18 51 # AHUs FCUs 11 0 11 14 24
RESIDENTIAL Phase
NON-RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
NON-RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
NON-RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
NON-RESIDENTIAL
61 6 66 59 125
61 6 66 59 125
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND COOLING AND HVAC SYSTEM OPTIONS - CAPEX AND OPEX COMPARISONS - PRELIMINARY 9/5/2012 REVISION A
1. CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ESTIMATE - CAPEX
OPTION 1 Cooling and HVAC System Options Parameters RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS Water - Chillers SAR / Unit SAR Water - Cooling Towers SAR / Unit SAR Water - Primary Chilled Water Pumps SAR / Unit SAR Water - Secondary Chilled Water Pumps SAR / Unit SAR Water - Condensor Water Pumps SAR / Unit SAR Water - Chilled Water Mains Pipework SAR 4500000 45000000 2530000 25300000 660000 6600000 1250000 6250000 1250000 12500000 23040000
OPTION 2
OPTION 3
OPTION 4
OPTION 5 RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL DX SCHOOLS - AIR COOLED CHILLERS 950000 3800000 0 0 230000 920000 0 0 0 0 88500 Allows for heat exchangers and tertiary pumps to OPTIONS 1 and 4 / minor local costs per nonresidential building Comments
DX 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX 4500000 40500000 2530000 22770000 660000 5940000 1250000 5000000 1250000 11250000 23040000
RESIDENTIAL - DX NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS 2300000 4600000 1300000 2600000 350000 700000 350000 700000 720000 1440000 12656000
Allows for supply and installation including electrical requirements to water cooled and air cooled chillers Allows for supply and installation including electrical requirements
Water - Chilled Water Buildings Pipework
SAR
43550000
23050000
22000000
3000000
Allows for OPTION 1: 4,000m of 500mm diameter branch pipework from mains to outside villas and nonresidential buildings at SAR5,000/m installed + 1,110 villas x SAR5,000/villa for run-out pipework from branch pipework to inside villas including meters + 24 non-residential buildings x SAR750,000/building for run-out pipework from branch pipework to floor levels inside non-residential buildings including meters / OPTION 2: - / OPTION 3: 3,500m of 500mm diameter branch pipework from mains to outside villas at SAR5,000/m installed + 1,110 villas x SAR5,000/villa for run-out pipework from branch pipework to inside villas including meters / OPTION 4: 1,000m of 400mm diameter branch pipework from mains to outside nonresidential buildings at SAR4,000/m installed + 24 nonresidential buildings x SAR 750,000/building for runout pipework from branch pipework to floor levels inside non-residential buildings including meters / non residential OPTION 5: local chilled water pipework to each school from air cooled chillers serving 4 schools x SAR750,000/school including meters To be confirmed by Quantity Surveyor
Air - Fan Coil Units
SAR / Unit SAR
10780 89948320 90000 5580000 0 0 0 0 2460000
0 0 0 0 15370 160309100 57000 7125000 0
10780 89948320 0 0 0 0 57000 7125000 2220000
0 0 90000 5580000 15370 160309100 0 0 300000
0 0 140000 3360000 15370 160309100 57000 2907000 0 Allows for storage of 24 hours cooling tower make-up water Water - Chilled Water Mains Pipework allows 38% for installation of burried chilled water mains pipework for OPTIONS 1, 3 and 4 Allows for supply and installation of outdoor VRV units of capacity 2.0 TR with 3 indoor VRV units
Air - Air Handling Units Air - Variable Refrigeration Volume Units / Split Air Conditioning Units Air - Packaged Units Builders Work - Cooling Tower Make-up Water Storage Tank
SAR / Unit SAR SAR / Unit SAR SAR / Unit SAR SAR
Builders Work - Chilled Water Mains Pipework
SAR
Builders Work - Chilled Water Plantroom
SAR
15750000
15750000
3700000
Mechanical System Total
SAR
275978320
167434100
246593320
214585100
174384600
Electrical System Total
SAR
96592412
117203870
95197722
142473455
122069220
Allows for supply and installation of gen-sets, transformers, ACB, ATS and cabling at 35% of mechanical system total for water cooled chilled water systems and AHUs and FCUs (requires smaller capacity electrical infrastructure at chillers and on site and smaller run-out cables to site as AHUs and FCUs only require electrical power to fans and controls), and 70% for air cooled chilled water systems and packaged and VRV units (requires larger capacity electrical infrastructure at chillers and on site and larger run-out cables to site as packaged and VRV units require electrical power to compressors, fans and controls), % benchmarked from previous projects To be confirmed by Quantity Surveyor
Diesel Fuel System CAPEX TOTAL
SAR SAR
0 372,570,732 100.0% -
0 284,637,970 76.4% (87,932,762)
0 341,791,042 91.7% (30,779,690)
0 357,058,555 95.8% (15,512,177)
Excluded from CAPEX Based on NEA costing of OPTIONS and assumptions 296,453,820 indicated above 79.6% OF OPTION 1 (76,116,912) LESS THAN OPTION 1
2. OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE ESTIMATE - OPEX - 15 YEAR LIFE CYCLE
11,815,850
Cooling and HVAC System Options
Parameters
OPTION 1
OPTION 2
OPTION 3
OPTION 4
OPTION 5
Comments
Life Cycle of Chilled Water System
Years
15
15
15
15
15
ASHRAE life cycle estimates for maintained water cooled chilled water systems could be approximately 25 years and for air cooled chilled water systems could be approximately 20 years, KSAs abrasive sand / dusty air environment is a key life cycle degregation and derating consideration, ASHRAE life cycle estimate is assumed to reduce by approximately 5 years, for CAPEX and OPEX comparison allow 15 years for water and air cooled chilled water systems, and also 15 years for chilled water equipment items (AHUs and FCUs) and DX equipment items (packaged and VRV units)
Quantity Tons of Refrigeration - Total kW / Ton R
10 23300 0.75
0 0 0.00
9 20900 0.75
2 2400 0.75
4 1400 1.50 Refer COOLING LOAD ESTIMATE, 1,600kW / - / 1 600kW / 800kW / 650kW Best HFC-134a centrifugal chiller at 0.55 kW / Ton R at full load and ARI conditions, partial load to be considered Refer DYNAMIC ENERGY AND WATER SOLUTIONS All chillers operational
Water - Chillers
SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Water - Cooling Towers kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Water - Primary Chilled Water Pumps kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Water - Secondary Chilled Water Pumps kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Water - Condenser Water Pumps kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity (m3 / Day) Water - Undiversified Cooling Tower Make-up Water Demand - PEAK Quantity (m3 / Hour) SAR / m3 SAR / Hour Quantity Air - Fan Coil Units kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Air - Air Handling Units kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Air - Variable Refrigeration Volume Units / Split Air Conditioning Units kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Quantity Air - Packaged Units kW SAR / kW.Hour SAR / Hour Undiversified OPEX Total Operational Diversity Diversified OPEX Total Maintenance and Consumables OPEX Total / Annum - YEAR 1 OPEX Escalation / Annum OPEX TOTAL SAR / Annum = SAR / Hour * 8760 Hours / Annum % SAR / Annum SAR / Annum SAR / Annum % SAR
0.26 4544 10 150 0.26 390 10 75 0.26 195 5 200 0.26 260 10 200 0.26 520 4100 171 6.00 1025 8344 0.5 0.26 1085 62 40 0.26 645 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 75888055 75% 56916041 6.5% 24217098 81133139 5% 1,750,736,599 94.9% (94,477,858)
0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 6.00 0 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 10430 3 0.26 8135 125 20 0.26 650 76960104 75% 57720078 6.5% 18501468 76221546 5% 1,644,751,478 89.1% (200,462,979)
0.26 4076 9 150 0.26 351 9 75 0.26 175.5 4 200 0.26 208 9 200 0.26 468 3700 154 6.00 925 8344 0.5 0.26 1085 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0.26 0 125 20 0.26 650 69534427 75% 52150820 6.5% 22216418 74367238 5% 1,604,738,176 87.0% (240,476,281)
0.26 468 2 60 0.26 31 2 45 0.26 23 2 55 0.26 29 2 75 0.26 39 450 19 6.00 113 0 0 0.26 0 62 40 0.26 645 10430 3 0.26 8135 0 0 0.26 0 83070204 75% 62302653 6.5% 23208806 85511459 5% 1,845,214,457 100.0% -
0.26 546 0 0 0.26 0 4 40 0.26 42 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 0.26 0 0 0 6.00 0 0 0 0.26 0 24 55 0.26 343 10430 3 0.26 8135 51 20 0.26 265 81743064 75% 61307298 6.5% 19269498 80576796 5%
All cooling towers operational
Refer COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER ESTIMATE for diversified cooling tower make-up water demand
As per DYNAMIC ENERGY AND WATER SOLUTIONS
% of CAPEX total
Assumed OPEX Escalation / Annum Allows for 15 year life cycle, and based on 1,738,731,523 assumptions indicated above and typical power requirements 94.2% OF OPTION 4 (106,482,934) LESS THAN OPTION 4
3. OWNING EXPENDITURE ESTIMATE - 15 YEAR LIFE CYCLE
Cooling and HVAC System Options CAPEX TOTAL OPEX TOTAL OWNING TOTAL SAR SAR SAR
Parameters
OPTION 1 372,570,732 1,750,736,599 2,123,307,331 10.1% 193,917,882
OPTION 2 284,637,970 1,644,751,478 1,929,389,448 100.0% -
OPTION 3 341,791,042 1,604,738,176 1,946,529,218 0.9% 17,139,770
OPTION 4 357,058,555 1,845,214,457 2,202,273,012 14.1% 272,883,563
OPTION 5 296,453,820 1,738,731,523 -
Comments
Allows for 15 year life cycle, and based on 2,035,185,343 assumptions indicated above and typical power requirements 5.5% OF OPTION 2 105,795,894 MORE THAN OPTION 2
4. SIMPLE PAY-BACK PERIOD ESTIMATE - 15 YEAR LIFE CYCLE
Chilled Water System Options
Parameters
OPTION 1
OPTION 2
OPTION 3
OPTION 4
OPTION 5
Comments Allows for 15 year life cycle, and based on assumptions indicated above and typical power q requirements
PAY-BACK
HIGHEST CAPEX HIGH OPEX
LOWEST CAPEX LOWEST OPEX
MEDIUM CAPEX LOW OPEX
HIGH CAPEX HIGHEST OPEX
LOW CAPEX MEDIUM OPEX
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND PROJECT OPTIONS 1 to 5 9/5/2012 REVISION A
NEA COST ESTIMATES OF OPTIONS
Option
Serves
Equipment
Description / Unit
TR / THR Totals
Quantity Units
Unit Cost
Installed Cost
Total Unit Cost (AED)
Total Installed Cost (AED)
Comments
Chillers (4.5 - 13.5) Cooling Towers (5 Delta T) Water Storage Tank Chilled Water Pumps - Primary Chilled Water Pumps Chilled Water to Residential and Secondary Non-Residential Components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 Cooling Tower Pumps Chiller Plantroom Chilled Water Ring Main FCUs AHUs VRV 2 DX to Residential and NonResidential Components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 Split Air Conditioning Units Packaged Units Chillers (4.5 - 13.5) Cooling Towers Water Storage Tank Chilled Water Pumps - Primary Chilled Water to Residential Components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 Chilled Water Pumps Secondary Cooling Tower Pumps Chiller Plantroom Chilled Water Ring Main FCUs DX to Non-Residential Components of Phase 1 and DX to Residential Components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 Packaged Units VRV Split Air Conditioning Units Chillers (4.5 - 13.5) Cooling Towers Water Storage Tank 4 Chilled Water to NonResidential Components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 Chilled Water Pumps - Primary Chilled Water Pumps Secondary Cooling Tower Pumps Chiller Plantroom Chilled Water Ring Main AHUs VRV DX to Residential and NonResidential Components of Phase 1 and Phase 2 Split Air Conditioning Units Packaged Units 5 Air Cooled Chillers (6 - 12) Chilled Water Pumps Chilled Water to Schools Chilled Water Riser / Dropper AHUs
2500 Tons 3125 THR Size of 4100 m^3 220 LPS 440 LPS 490 LPS 75m x 70m in area Pipes at 1000mm in diameter and 3600m long 2.5 TR per unit 5000 LPS per unit 2.0 TR per unit 2.0 TR per unit 2500 LPS per unit 2500 Tons per unit 3125 THR per unit Size of 3700 m^3 220 LPS 440 LPS 490 LPS 75m x 70m in area Pipes at 1000mm in diameter and 3600m long 2.5 TR per unit 2500 LPS per unit 2.0 TR per unit 2.0 TR per unit 1250 Tons per unit 1550 THR per unit Size of 450 m^3 m 3 115 LPS 115 LPS 250 LPS 35m x 35m in area Pipes at 350mm in diameter and 2800 long 5000 LPS per unit 2.0 TR per unit 2.0 TR per unit 2500 LPS per unit 500 Tons per unit 75 LPS Pipes at 250mm in diameter and height of school long 7500 LPS per unit
23300 29125 23300 20900 26125 2400 3000 2000 -
10 10 1 11 5 11 1 3600 8344 62 10430 10430 125 9 9 1 10 5 10 1 3600 8344 125 10430 10430 2 2 1 3 3 3 1 2800 62 10430 10430 51 4 8 30 24
3,900,000.00 2,200,000.00
4,500,000.00 2,530,000.00 2,460,000.00
39,000,000.00 22,000,000.00 6,270,000.00 5,450,000.00 11,990,000.00 16,740,000.00 70,590,240.00 4,721,300.00 128,810,500.00 128,810,500.00 6,037,500.00 35,100,000.00 19,800,000.00 5,700,000.00 5,450,000.00 10,900,000.00 16,740,000.00 70,590,240.00 6,037,500.00 128,810,500.00 128,810,500.00 4,000,000.00 2,260,000.00 900,000.00 900,000.00 1,890,000.00 9,240,000.00 4,721,300.00 128,810,500.00 128,810,500.00 2,463,300.00 3,320,000.00 1,560,000.00 64,800.00 2,832,000.00
45,000,000.00 25,300,000.00 2,460,000.00 7,260,000.00 6,250,000.00 13,750,000.00 15,750,000.00 23,040,000.00 89,948,320.00 5,580,000.00 160,309,100.00 Use VRV 160,309,100.00 7,125,000.00 40,500,000.00 22,770,000.00 2,220,000.00 6,600,000.00 6,250,000.00 12,500,000.00 15,750,000.00 23,040,000.00 89,948,320.00 7,125,000.00 160,309,100.00 Use VRV 160,309,100.00 4,600,000.00 2,600,000.00 300,000.00 300 000 00 1,050,000.00 1,050,000.00 2,160,000.00 3,700,000.00 12,656,000.00 5,580,000.00 160,309,100.00 Use VRV 160,309,100.00 2,907,000.00 3,800,000.00 1,840,000.00 88,500.00 3,360,000.00 VRV or split air conditioning units No equipment to be purchased No equipment to be purchased VRV or split air conditioning units No equipment to be purchased No equipment to be purchased VRV or split air conditioning units No equipment to be purchased No equipment to be purchased
570,000.00 1,090,000.00 1,090,000.00
660,000.00 1,250,000.00 1,250,000.00 15,750,000.00
4,650.00 8,460.00 76,150.00 12,350.00 12,350.00 48,300.00 3,900,000.00 2,200,000.00
6,400.00 10,780.00 90,000.00 15,370.00 15,370.00 57,000.00 4,500,000.00 2,530,000.00 2,220,000.00
570,000.00 1,090,000.00 1,090,000.00
660,000.00 1,250,000.00 1,250,000.00 15,750,000.00
4,650.00 8,460.00 48,300.00 12,350.00 12,350.00 2,000,000.00 1,130,000.00
6,400.00 10,780.00 57,000.00 15,370.00 15,370.00 2,300,000.00 1,300,000.00 300,000.00 300 000 00
300,000.00 300,000.00 630,000.00
350,000.00 350,000.00 720,000.00 3,700,000.00
3,300.00 76,150.00 12,350.00 12,350.00 48,300.00 830,000.00 195,000.00 2,160.00 118,000.00
4,520.00 90,000.00 15,370.00 15,370.00 57,000.00 950,000.00 230,000.00 2,950.00 140,000.00
Appendix D
Cooling Load and Cooling Tower Make-Up Water Estimates
Cooling Load Estimates PRELIMINARY Cooling Tower Make-Up Water Estimates PRELIMINARY
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND COOLING LOAD ESTIMATES - PRELIMINARY 9/5/2012 REVISION A
PHASE 1 (SAUDI)
Building Type
Unit GFA
# Units
Total GFA
Supply Air
Cooling Load Rate
Cooling Load Estimates (TR) 3263 634 840 2217 2186 235 364 100 89 78 160 87 60 68 8 10386
Comments
(m2) Unit Type A Unit Type B Unit Type C Unit Type D Unit Type E Boys School Girls School Town Center Men Recreation Center Women Recreation Center Juma Mosque Local Mosques Town Center Mosques Labor Accommodation Security Gate House Total 413 384 454 439 470 4,225 6,550 1,800 1,600 1,400 2,400 1,300 900 1,350 150 158 33 37 101 93 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 432
(m2) 65254 12672 16798 44339 43710 4225 6550 1800 1600 1400 2400 1300 900 1350 150 204448
(7.5LPS/m2) 31690 49125 13500 12000 10500 18000 9750 6750 151315
(m2/TR) 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 19.7
PHASE 1 (EXPAT)
Building Type
Unit GFA
# Units
Total GFA
Supply Air
Cooling Load Rate
Cooling Load Estimates (TR) 166 678 226 161 418 402 26 78 4 2158
Comments
(m2) Unit Type A Unit Type B Unit Type C yp Unit Type D (All Units) Unit Type E (All Units) Unit Type F-1 Unit Type F-2 Kindergarten (Boys and Girls) Club House / Recreation Center Security Gate House Total 277 242 4,528 3,214 232 201 465 1,400 75 12 56 1 1 36 40 1 1 1 149
(m2) 3326 13552 4528 3214 8352 8040 465 1400 75 42952
(7.5LPS/m2) 3490 10500 13990
(m2/TR) 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 18.0 18.0 20.0 19.9
PHASE 2
Building Type
Unit GFA
# Units
Total GFA
Supply Air
Cooling Load Rate
Cooling Load Estimates (TR) 3531 979 1453 1932 1692 316 445 44 83 72 150 5 10703
Comments
(m2) Unit Type A Unit Type B Unit Type C Unit Type D Unit Type E Boys School Girls School Town Center Men Recreation Center Women Recreation Center Local Mosques Security Gate House Total 413 384 454 439 470 5,688 8,013 800 1,500 1,300 2,250 100 171 51 64 88 72 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 453
(m2) 70623 19584 29056 38632 33840 5688 8013 800 1500 1300 2250 100 211385
(7.5LPS/m2) 42655 60095 6000 11250 9750 16875 146625
(m2/TR) 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 15.0 20.0 19.8
TOTALS
Phase
Total GFA
Cooling Load Rate
Cooling Load Estimates
Cooling Load Estimate RESIDENTIAL (TR) 9214 2054 11268 9592 20860
Cooling Load Cooling Load Estimate Estimate NON-RESIDENTIAL NON-RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS (TR) 573 104 677 350 1027 (TR) 599 0 599 761 1360
Comments
(m2) PHASE 1 (SAUDI) PHASE 1 (EXPAT) PHASE 1 - Total PHASE 2 - Total Total 204448 42952 247400 211385 458785
(m2/TR) 19.7 19.9 19.7 19.8 19.7
(TR) 10386 2158 12544 10703 23246
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND OPTION 1 - RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED) COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER ESTIMATE - PRELIMINARY 9/5/2012 REVISION A
1. COOLING TOWER SELECTION INPUTS

Chillers
Selection Quanity Capacity (Tons R / Chiller) Total Capacity (Tons R)
Trane 10 2500 25000
PRELIMINARY
INCLUDING 2 X 1,250 TR CHILLERS 87921
Cooling Towers
Selection Quantity Cells / Tower Capacity (Tons R / Tower) Capacity (Tons HR / Tower) Condenser Water Flow (US gpm / Tower) Total Condenser Water Flow (US gpm) T Water In (F) T Water Out (F) T Wet Bulb (F) 1 l/s 1l Operational Day (Hours) Emergency Chilled Water Provisions (Days)
BAC 10 2 1250 3125 6913 69126 105.8 95.0 86.0 15.85 0.264 0 264 24 1
PRELIMINARY
4396 10990 436 4361 41.0 35.0 30.0 US gpm US g 1440 PRELIMINARY BAC BAC BAC 25%
2. OPERATIONAL DIVERSITY
Operational Diversity 75% PRELIMINARY CONSERVATIVE
3. EVAPORATION, BLEED AND DRIFT
Induced Draft: 0.1% - 0.3% of Total Condenser Water Flow With Drift Eliminators: 0.01% of Total Condenser Water Flow
Undiversified Cooling Tower Water Losses (All Cooling Towers) Total Evaporation Total Bleed Total Drift Undiversified - PEAK Diversified - AVERAGE
Flow (US gpm) 69126 69126 -
Range Flow (l/s) T in (F) 4361 105.8 T out (F) 95 -
Cp / Hv Factor = 1 / 1000 0.001 -
Evaporation (US gpm) 746.6 -
Evaporation (l/s) 47.1
Number of Cycles Based On Water Quality V Poor 3.0 Poor 4.0 Medium 5.0 Good 6.0 V Good 7.0 Selection 4.0 -
Bleed (US gpm) 249 -
Bleed (l/s)
Drift %
Drift (US gpm) 6.9 -
Drift (l/s) 0.4 -
Total (US gpm) 1002 752
Total (l/s) 63.2 47.4
Comments
15.7 0.01% -
As per BAC -
4. DIVERSIFIED COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER DEMAND
5. COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER STORAGE TANK DIMENSIONS - BASED ON DIVERSIFIED COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER DEMAND
Cooling Tower Water Losses (All Cooling Towers)
Total (Imp gpm)
Total (US gpm)
Total (l/s)
Total (Imp gal)
Total (US gal)
Total (m3)
Comments
Item
L (m)
W (m)
H (m)
Comments
Diversified - 1 DAY
901384
1082517
4098
Dimensions
30.0
30.4
4.5
Tank height = H + 1m minimum air gap to slab required
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND OPTION 3 - RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED) COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER ESTIMATE - PRELIMINARY 9/5/2012 REVISION A

Chillers
Trane 9 2500 22500
PRELIMINARY
79129
Cooling Towers
BAC 9 2 1250 3125 6913 62214 105.8 95.0 86.0 15.85 0.264 0 264 24 1
PRELIMINARY
Flow (US gpm) 62214 62214 -
Cp / Hv Factor = 1 / 1000 0.001 -
Bleed (US gpm) 224 -
Bleed (l/s)
Drift %
Drift (l/s) 0.4 -
Total (l/s) 56.9 42.7
Comments
14.1 0.01% -
As per BAC -
Total (Imp gpm)
Total (US gpm)
Total (l/s)
Total (Imp gal)
Total (US gal)
Total (m3)
Comments
Item
L (m)
W (m)
H (m)
Comments
Diversified - 1 DAY
811246
974266
3688
Dimensions
30.0
27.3
4.5
SABIC
SABIC RIYADH COMPOUND OPTION 4 - NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED) COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP WATER ESTIMATE - PRELIMINARY 9/5/2012 REVISION A

Chillers
Trane 2 1250 2500
PRELIMINARY
8792
Cooling Towers
BAC 2 2 625 1563 3456 6913 105.8 95.0 86.0 15.85 0.264 0 264 24 1
PRELIMINARY
Flow (US gpm) 6913 6913 -
Cp / Hv Factor = 1 / 1000 0.001 -
Bleed (US gpm) 25 -
Bleed (l/s)
Drift %
Drift (l/s) 0.0 -
Total (l/s) 6.3 4.7
Comments
1.6 0.01% -
As per BAC -
Total (Imp gpm)
Total (US gpm)
Total (l/s)
Total (Imp gal)
Total (US gal)
Total (m3)
Comments
Item
L (m)
W (m)
H (m)
Comments
Diversified - 1 DAY
90138
108252
410
Dimensions
10.0
9.1
4.5

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Sabic Riyadh Compound Project Stantec Project N 12706.00 St t P j t No.

Cooling and HVAC System Options Report

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

OPTION 1: OPTION 2: OPTION 3:

Residential DX Non-Residential Water Cooled Chillers

Residential DX Non-Residential DX Schools Air Cooled Chillers

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Water Cooled Chillers

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.

Water Cooled Chillers

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

usable site which consequently impacts masterplanning. (Similar to OPTION 1.)

Please refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Approximately 20,900 TR will be required in total.

Water Cooled Chillers

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.

Refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Air Cooled Chillers

Refer appendices for additional supporting documentation.

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Comparing OPTION 2 and OPTION 3

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Comparing OPTION 2 and OPTION 5

Cooling and HVAC System Recommendation

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Cooling and HVAC System Options Sketches

Sabic Riyadh Compound Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Advantages and Disadvantages

Chilled Water System Type OPTION 1

Plume reduction technologies are available to reduce plume effect

Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor

OPTION 2 RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALIZED)

Lowest CAPEX Lowest OPEX

OPTION 3 RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED) NON-RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALIZED)

Same advantages as OPTION 2

Same disadvantages as OPTION 2

Medium CAPEX Low OPEX

Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor

OPTION 4 RESIDENTIAL - DX (DE-CENTRALISED) NON-RESIDENTIAL - WATER COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED)

Same disadvantages as OPTION 2

High CAPEX Higest OPEX

Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor

Advantages Medium OPEX

Coordinated with Quantity Surveyor

No Legionella bacteria risk or algae growth Generally shorter lead times

XXX RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - AIR COOLED CHILLERS (CENTRALIZED)

Not considered as a feasible OPTION

XXX RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL - DISTRICT COOLING (CENTRALIZED)

Existing chilled water provisions are not available on site

HVAC System Type DX - Variable Refrigeration Volume System (VRV)

DX - Split Air Conditioning System

Chilled Water - Chilled Water Fan Coil Unit System (FCU)

Medium CAPEX depending on site infrastructure and scale

Lowest CAPEX depending on site infrastructure and scale