Follow the healthy eating plan that you and your doctor or dietitian have worked out.

Be active a total of 30 minutes most days. Ask your doctor what activities are best for you. Take your medicines as

DIABETE S
Name : Nurin Hadirah binti Mohd Zawawi Form : 4 Al-Khawarizmi Subject : Biology

directed. Check your blood glucose every day. Each time you check your blood glucose, write the number in your record book. Check your feet every day for cuts, blisters, sores, swelling, redness, or sore toenails. Brush and floss your teeth every day. Control your blood pressure and cholesterol.

Don't smoke.

 Type 1 diabetes is partly inherited, and then

triggered by certain infections, with some evidence pointing at Coxsackie B4 virus. A genetic element in individual susceptibility to some of these triggers has been traced to particular HLA genotypes (i.e., the genetic "self" identifiers relied upon by the immune system). However, even in those who have inherited the susceptibility, type 1 DM seems to require an environmental trigger.

Endocrinopathies Infections Drugs

Type 2 diabetes is due primarily to lifestyle factors

and genetics.

The following is a comprehensive list of other

causes of diabetes:

Genetic defects of -cell function Genetic defects in insulin processing or insulin action

Classified into four broad categories: type 1,type 2, gestational diabetes and "other specific types". The "other specific types" are a collection of a few dozen individual causes.

Gestational Diabetes Some women develop gestational diabetes late in pregnancy. A woman who has had gestational diabetes is more likely to develop type 2 diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes is caused by the hormones of pregnancy or a shortage of insulin.

Exocrine pancreatic defects

Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is classed as a metabolism disorder. Metabolism refers to the way our bodies use digested food for energy and growth. Most of what we eat is broken down into glucose. Glucose is a form of sugar in the blood - it is the principal source of fuel for our bodies.

When our food is digested the glucose makes its way into our bloodstream. Our cells use the glucose for energy and growth. However, glucose

cannot enter our cells without insulin being present insulin makes it possible for our cells to take in the glucose.

Insulin is a hormone that is produced by the pancreas. After eating, the pancreas automatically releases an adequate quantity of insulin to move the glucose present in our blood into the cells, and lowers the blood sugar level.

A person with diabetes has a condition in which the quantity of glucose in the blood is too elevated (hyperglycemia). This is because the body either does not produce enough insulin, produces no insulin, or has cells that do not respond properly to the insulin the pancreas produces. This results in too much glucose building up in the blood. This excess blood glucose eventually passes out of the body in urine. So, even though the blood has plenty of glucose, the cells are not getting it for their essential energy and growth requirements.