POWER SUPPLY

REGULATING SOURCE OF VOLTAGE 5V, 12V, -5V, -12V

LOPEZ REYES JOSE ANTONIO RADILLO GONZALEZ HUGO CESAR RAMOS CASTELLANOS MIGUEL ANGEL RIVERA LARA JOSE EDUARDO

ENGLISH 1 1-B MECHATRONICS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 3

MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS..4

DIAGRAM....................................................................................................8

HOW IT WORKS..8

HOW IT OPERATE..13

MEASURE OF SAFETY.15

TROUBLESHOOTING16

CONCLUSION.17

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INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS THE PROYECT ABOUT ? Generally it is understood by power supply of an electrical equipment, the part of the same destining to adapt the characteristics and parameters of the available energy for the feeding of the same, or primary power supply and all derivations, with the purpose of to provide a stable, suitable and safe operation for any device that is requires to him. Since almost all the electrical circuits and electronic devices work with direct current, highly functional in batteries since this device its basic characteristics is the direct current, it is necessary to realise the conversion of the AC voltage that is transmitted in all the provisions of the country. Perhaps in order to turn continuous the alternating tencin into available when coming out and our circuit specifically of the filter of the rectifier it is not sufficiently good, due to the curling, for a particular application or that its magnitude varies before certain types of disturbances that can affect the system that is fence to feed, for example variations of the load, the temperature or the network until a 10%.But our circuit counts on the circuit suitable and defined to have a pure rectifier of the current and thus to obtain DC pure and apt for the use of any device adapted to this type of current. Of here, the concept of regulating source of alimentacio, like an electronics in charge to provide to a voltage or a DC, but stable the possible thing, to the different elements that are connected to. We remember that etsa source gave a direct current to us with voltages of - 5 volts + 5 volts - 12 volts + 12 volts And an adjustable option An adjustable source of tencion normally uses an automatic circuit of control that detects, practically of an instantaneous way, the variations of tencion of exit. In this case the source to being digital will not be but analogical controlling this adjustable option with a potentiometer .

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MATERIAL
Lista de materiales para la fuente UTJ
Cantidad 1 1 4 1 4 2 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 3 1 Descripcin Transformado de 24V a 2 Amperes Portafusible tipo americano Fusibles tipo americano a 2 Switch iluminador de un paso Diodos 1N5400 Capacitores de 4700uf a 25V Capacitores de 0,1uf a 50V Capacitor de 100uf a 25V Resistencias 200 ohms a 1/2 W Groumet para aislar el cable de alimentacin Cable toma corriente Spacer`s para separar PCB del chasis LM7805 con disipador LM7812 con disipador LM7905 con disipador LM7912 con disipador LM317 Tansistor BD679 con disipador Conector banana Hembra Rojo Conector banana Hembra Negro Potenciometro a 5Kohms con perilla Carcaza metalica para fuente

Cable de varios colores calibre 20 de preferencia rojo, negro, amarillo y verde o morado

LM7805
3-Terminal Regulators Output Current up to 1.5 A Internal Thermal-Overload Protection High Power-Dissipation Capability Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation
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Description
This series of fixed-voltage integrated-circuit voltage regulators is designed for a wide range of applications. These applications include on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. Each of these regulators can deliver up to 1.5 A of output current. The internal current-limiting and thermal-shutdown features of these regulators essentially make them immune to overload. In addition to use as fixed-voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable output voltages and currents, and also can be used as the power-pass element in precision regulators.

LM7812
Output Current up to 1A Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 24V Thermal Overload Protection Short Circuit Protection Output Transistor SOA Protection

Description
The LM78XX series of three-terminal positive regulators are available in the TO-220/D-PAK package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.

LM7905
Thermal, short circuit and safe area protection High ripple rejection 1.5A output current 4% tolerance on preset output voltage

Description
The LM79XX series of 3-terminal regulators is available with fixed output voltages of -5V, -12V, and 15V. These devices need only one external component-a compensation capacitor at the output. The LM79XX series is packaged in the TO-220 power package and is capable of supplying 1.5A of output current.

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These regulators employ internal current limiting safe area protection and thermal shutdown for protection against virtually all overload conditions. Low ground pin current of the LM79XX series allows output voltage to be easily boosted above the preset value with a resistor divider. The low quiescent current drain of these devices with a specified maximum change with line and load ensures good regulation in the voltage boosted mode. For applications requiring other voltages, see LM137 datasheet.

LM7912
Y Thermal, short circuit and safe area protection Y High ripple rejection Y 1.5A output current Y 4% tolerance on preset output voltage The LM79XX series of 3-terminal regulators is available with fixed output voltages of b5V, b8V, b12V, and b15V. These devices need only one external componenta compensation capacitor at the output. The LM79XX series is packaged in the TO-220 power package and is capable of supplying 1.5A of output current. These regulators employ internal current limiting safe area protection and thermal shutdown for protection against virtually all overload conditions. Low ground pin current of the LM79XX series allows output voltage to be easily boosted above the preset value with a resistor divider. The low quiescent current drain of these devices with a specified maximum change with line and load ensures good regulation in the voltage boosted mode. For applications requiring ther voltages, see LM137 data sheet.

LM317
The LM317 is an adjustable voltage regulator of three terminals able to provide more than 1.5 To in a rank among 1.2 up to 37 Volts. He is one of the first adjustable regulators of the history, first that left was the LM117, and later the LM137 which had a negative exit, later followed the LM317 to him being remarkably popular.

1N5400
Diffused Junction High Current Capability and Low Forward Voltage Drop Surge Overload Rating to 200A Peak Low Reverse Leakage Current Lead Free Finish, RoHS Compliant

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CAPACITOR
The capacitores are of the common components but of the electrical circuits and act several different as in a circuit. Since they do not provide a trajectory of conduction for electrons, they are used to block a DC; nevertheless an AC voltage can flow through circuit.

TRANSISTOR DB679
With TO-126 package Complement to type BD676/678/680 DARLINGTON High DC current gain

POTENCIOMETER
A potentiometer is a resistor whose value of resistance is variable. This way, indirectly, the current intensity can be controlled that flows by a circuit if it is connected in parallel, or the difference of potential when connecting it in series. Normally, the potentiometers are used in circuits of little current. For circuits of currents majors, the rheostats are used, that can dissipate more power.

TOOLS
OSCILOSCOPER MULTIMETER TWEEZERS OF CUT CAUTIN WELD GRAZES

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HOW IT WORKS

This it is the diagram that shows the form of which it goes connected each component, also shows the positive and negative exits of 5 and 12 volts and one but that she is variable.

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Diodes convert AC to DC in a process called rectification. The diode only conducts for one-half of the AC cycle. The remaining half is either all positive or all negative. This is a crude AC to DC conversion.

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A capacitor is compound of two terminals whose primary intention is to introduce capacitance to an electrical circuit. The capacitance defines as the reason of load stored to the difference of voltage between two plates or conductive wires. A capacitor is an element of two terminals that nonconductor consists of two separated conductive plates by a material. The electrical charge is stored in the plates, and the space between the plates fills with a dielectric material. In their on-speed operation, the two plates own the same value of load but of opposite signs. The value of the capacitance is proportional to the superficial area of the dielectric and inversely proportional material to its thickness. In order to obtain major capacitance it is required of a very thin structure with a great area.

The resistance of an object is a measurement of its opposition to the current passage.

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Transistors LM7805C 5V LM7812C 12V The LM78XX series of three terminal regulators is available with several fixed output voltages making them useful in a wide range of applications. One of these is local on card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. The voltages available allow these regulators to be used in logic systems, instrumentation, HiFi, and other solid state electronic equipment. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents. The LM78XX series is available in an aluminum TO-3 package which will allow over 1.0A load current if adequate heat sinking is provided. Current limiting is included to limit the peak output current to a safe value. Safe area protection for the output transistor is provided to limit internal power dissipation. If internal power dissipation becomes too high for theheat sinking provided, the thermal shutdown circuit takes over preventing the IC from overheating. Considerable effort was expanded to make the LM78XX series of regulators easy to use and minimize the number of external components. It is not necessary to bypass the output, although this does improve transient response. Input bypassing is needed only if the regulator is located far from the filter capacitor of the power supply. For output voltage other than 5V, 12V and 15V the LM117 series provides an output voltage range from 1.2V to 57V. The LM79XX series of 3-terminal regulators is available with fixed output voltages of 5V, 12V, and 15V. These devices need only one external componenta compensation capacitor at the output. The LM79XX series is packaged in the TO-220 power package and is capable of supplying 1.5A of output current.
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These regulators employ internal current limiting safe area protection and thermal shutdown for protection against virtually all overload conditions. Low ground pin current of the LM79XX series allows output voltage to be easily boosted above the preset value with a resistor divider. The low quiescent current drain of these devices with a specified maximum change with line and load ensures good regulation in the voltage boosted mode.

+ 5 Volts +12 Volts Variable

Grounds

exits of the transfomador -12 Volts -5 Volts

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HOW IT OPERATE
Its operation is the reduction of 220 v in alternating to 12v in alternating and by means of circuit we will rectify a sequential it of alternating to continuous, training a rectifier of complete wave. Of this rectifier tensions of continuous will be able to be obtained of: 5, -5, 12, -12 V. Through the entrance of the circuit to 220 v in alternating, will pass this tension to a transformer of 220/24v-2A.To sizing by a bridge of diodes that will transform the sinusoidal wave to us of entrance into a continuous wave. Once filtered the signal it is will pass to the regulator (LM317) which will be in charge to stabilize better the tension obtained.
LM317

A source of variable voltage with the LM317T is a source of ideal voltage for people who need a variable exit of voltage (1,5 V to 15,0 Volts) with capacity of delivery of DC until of 1,5 Amperes.

If the 500 when coming out LM317 is only used obtain mA, sufficient for many applications, but in this case we used the LM317T that because it can give more current. The exit voltage depends on the position that has the variable sideburn of the potentiometer

Transformer

Bridge Rectifier of Diodes

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HOW IT OPERATE

2 1

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Turn on switch Ground Exit 5V. Exit 12V. Exit -12V. Exit -5V. Variable

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MEASURES OF SAFETY
1. This appliance is not designed to be used by people (including children) with a physical, sensory or mental impairment, or people without knowledge or experience, unless they are supervised or given prior instructions concerning the use of the appliance by someone responsible for their safety. Children must be supervised to ensure that they do not play with the appliance. 2. Not to use the equipment unless this training to become it 3. Not to place on wet 4. not place liquids on top 5. If the electrical cord become damaged, it must be immediately replaced by an approved service center to avoid any danger.

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TROUBLESHOOTING
The excess of load in the source of being able, can cause faults in the operation of the system.

FAIL It does not turn on It does not turn on It does not turn on It does not give voltage (5V) It does not give voltage (12V) It does not give voltage (-5V) It does not give voltage (-12V)

REASON Power cord disconnected

Damaged transformer
Damaged fuse Damaged regulator 7905 Damaged regulator 7912 Damaged regulator 7805 Damaged regulator 7812

SOLUCION Connected power cord Change transformer Change fuse Change regulator Change regulator Change regulator Change regulator

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CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this variable source and described and analyzed directly converts alternating current in your circuit as designed for the conversion of the same current and we know that has several specific components for each task specified in our circuit based part is our full-wave bridge rectifier and of course the voltage regulators that allow us to have different outputs which we mentioned above (5V,-5V, 12V,-12V) including main and most variable output functions controlled by a potentiometer which allow us to feed several elements or a voltage components requiring more specific than that to us in the other outlets. This source given its design allows great flexibility in the use and management of the system, never forgetting to follow the instructions to the letter without omissions, but it is always recommended to be used by trained and / or knowledge to handling this, just as for maintenance and repair.

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